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Dhanjal DS, Singh R, Sharma V, Nepovimova E, Adam V, Kuca K, Chopra C. Advances in Genetic Reprogramming: Prospects from Developmental Biology to Regenerative Medicine. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:1646-1690. [PMID: 37138422 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230503144619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The foundations of cell reprogramming were laid by Yamanaka and co-workers, who showed that somatic cells can be reprogrammed into pluripotent cells (induced pluripotency). Since this discovery, the field of regenerative medicine has seen advancements. For example, because they can differentiate into multiple cell types, pluripotent stem cells are considered vital components in regenerative medicine aimed at the functional restoration of damaged tissue. Despite years of research, both replacement and restoration of failed organs/ tissues have remained elusive scientific feats. However, with the inception of cell engineering and nuclear reprogramming, useful solutions have been identified to counter the need for compatible and sustainable organs. By combining the science underlying genetic engineering and nuclear reprogramming with regenerative medicine, scientists have engineered cells to make gene and stem cell therapies applicable and effective. These approaches have enabled the targeting of various pathways to reprogramme cells, i.e., make them behave in beneficial ways in a patient-specific manner. Technological advancements have clearly supported the concept and realization of regenerative medicine. Genetic engineering is used for tissue engineering and nuclear reprogramming and has led to advances in regenerative medicine. Targeted therapies and replacement of traumatized , damaged, or aged organs can be realized through genetic engineering. Furthermore, the success of these therapies has been validated through thousands of clinical trials. Scientists are currently evaluating induced tissue-specific stem cells (iTSCs), which may lead to tumour-free applications of pluripotency induction. In this review, we present state-of-the-art genetic engineering that has been used in regenerative medicine. We also focus on ways that genetic engineering and nuclear reprogramming have transformed regenerative medicine and have become unique therapeutic niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daljeet Singh Dhanjal
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Reena Singh
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Varun Sharma
- Head of Bioinformatic Division, NMC Genetics India Pvt. Ltd., Gurugram, India
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50003, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno, CZ 613 00, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, Brno, CZ-612 00, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50003, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50005, Czech Republic
| | - Chirag Chopra
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
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Czernichow P, Reynaud K, Ravassard P. Production and Characterization of a Conditionally Immortalized Dog Beta-Cell Line from Fetal Canine Pancreas. Cell Transplant 2021; 29:963689720971204. [PMID: 33150791 PMCID: PMC7784601 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720971204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the 1970s, rodent and human insulin-secreting pancreatic beta-cell lines have been developed and found useful for studying beta-cell biology. Surprisingly, although the dog has been widely used as a translational model for diabetes, no canine insulin-secreting beta cells have ever been produced. Here, a targeted oncogenesis protocol previously described by some of us for generating human beta cells was adapted to produce canine beta cells. Canine fetal pancreata were obtained by cesarean section between 42 and 55 days of gestation, and fragments of fetal glands were transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing SV40LT under the control of the insulin promoter. Two Lox P sites flanking the sequence allowed subsequent transgene excision by Cre recombinase expression. When grafted into SCID mice, these transduced pancreata formed insulinomas. ACT-164 is the cell line described in this report. Insulin mRNA expression and protein content were lower than reported with adult cells, but the ACT-164 cells were functional, and their insulin production in vitro increased under glucose stimulation. Transgene excision upon Cre expression arrested proliferation and enhanced insulin expression and production. When grafted in SCID mice, intact and excised cells reversed chemically induced diabetes. We have thus produced an excisable canine beta-cell line. These cells may play an important role in the study of several aspects of the cell transplantation procedure including the encapsulation process, which is difficult to investigate in rodents. Although much more work is needed to improve the excision procedure and achieve 100% removal of large T antigen expression, we have shown that functional cells can be obtained and might in the future be used for replacement therapy in diabetic dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Czernichow
- Animal Cell Therapy, Sorbonne Universités, Campus des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - K Reynaud
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France.,PRC, UMR INRA0085, CNRS 7247, Centre INRA Val de Loire, Nouzilly, France
| | - P Ravassard
- Paris Brain Institute (ICM) Sorbonne Universités, Inserm, CNRS - Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Boulevard de l'Hôpital, Paris, France
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Scharfmann R, Staels W, Albagli O. The supply chain of human pancreatic β cell lines. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:3511-3520. [PMID: 31478912 PMCID: PMC6715382 DOI: 10.1172/jci129484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes have an insufficiency in their functional β cell mass. To advance diabetes treatment and to work toward a cure, a better understanding of how to protect the pancreatic β cells against autoimmune or metabolic assaults (e.g., obesity, gestation) will be required. Over the past decades, β cell protection has been extensively investigated in rodents both in vivo and in vitro using isolated islets or rodent β cell lines. Transferring these rodent data to humans has long been challenging, at least partly for technical reasons: primary human islet preparations were scarce and functional human β cell lines were lacking. In 2011, we described a robust protocol of targeted oncogenesis in human fetal pancreas and produced the first functional human β cell line, and in subsequent years additional lines with specific traits. These cell lines are currently used by more than 150 academic and industrial laboratories worldwide. In this Review, we first explain how we developed the human β cell lines and why we think we succeeded where others, despite major efforts, did not. Next, we discuss the use of such functional human β cell lines and share some perspectives on their use to advance diabetes research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Scharfmann
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Willem Staels
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier Albagli
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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van Arensbergen J, Dussaud S, Pardanaud-Glavieux C, García-Hurtado J, Sauty C, Guerci A, Ferrer J, Ravassard P. A distal intergenic region controls pancreatic endocrine differentiation by acting as a transcriptional enhancer and as a polycomb response element. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171508. [PMID: 28225770 PMCID: PMC5321433 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lineage-selective expression of developmental genes is dependent on the interplay between activating and repressive mechanisms. Gene activation is dependent on cell-specific transcription factors that recognize transcriptional enhancer sequences. Gene repression often depends on the recruitment of Polycomb group (PcG) proteins, although the sequences that underlie the recruitment of PcG proteins, also known as Polycomb response elements (PREs), remain poorly understood in vertebrates. While distal PREs have been identified in mammals, a role for positive-acting enhancers in PcG-mediated repression has not been described. Here we have used a highly efficient procedure based on lentiviral-mediated transgenesis to carry out in vivo fine-mapping of, cis-regulatory sequences that control lineage-specific activation of Neurog3, a master regulator of pancreatic endocrine differentiation. Our findings reveal an enhancer region that is sufficient to drive correct spacio-temporal expression of Neurog3 and demonstrate that this same region serves as a PRE in alternative lineages where Neurog3 is inactive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joris van Arensbergen
- Genomic Programming of Beta-Cells Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sebastien Dussaud
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm, CNRS, Institut du cerveau et de la moelle (ICM)–Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Boulevard de l’Hôpital, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Pardanaud-Glavieux
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm, CNRS, Institut du cerveau et de la moelle (ICM)–Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Boulevard de l’Hôpital, Paris, France
| | - Javier García-Hurtado
- Genomic Programming of Beta-Cells Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claire Sauty
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm, CNRS, Institut du cerveau et de la moelle (ICM)–Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Boulevard de l’Hôpital, Paris, France
| | - Aline Guerci
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm, CNRS, Institut du cerveau et de la moelle (ICM)–Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Boulevard de l’Hôpital, Paris, France
| | - Jorge Ferrer
- Genomic Programming of Beta-Cells Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (PR); (JF)
| | - Philippe Ravassard
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm, CNRS, Institut du cerveau et de la moelle (ICM)–Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Boulevard de l’Hôpital, Paris, France
- * E-mail: (PR); (JF)
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Scharfmann R, Didiesheim M, Richards P, Chandra V, Oshima M, Albagli O. Mass production of functional human pancreatic β-cells: why and how? Diabetes Obes Metab 2016; 18 Suppl 1:128-36. [PMID: 27615142 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes (either type 1 or type 2) is due to insufficient functional β-cell mass. Research has, therefore, aimed to discover new ways to maintain or increase either β-cell mass or function. For this purpose, rodents have mainly been used as model systems and a large number of discoveries have been made. Meanwhile, although we have learned that rodent models represent powerful systems to model β-cell development, function and destruction, we realize that there are limitations when attempting to transfer the data to what is occurring in humans. Indeed, while human β-cells share many similarities with rodent β-cells, they also differ on a number of important parameters. In this context, developing ways to study human β-cell development, function and death represents an important challenge. This review will describe recent data on the development and use of convenient sources of human β-cells that should be useful tools to discover new ways to modulate functional β-cell mass in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Scharfmann
- INSERM U1016, Université Paris-Descartes, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.
| | - M Didiesheim
- INSERM U1016, Université Paris-Descartes, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - P Richards
- INSERM U1016, Université Paris-Descartes, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - V Chandra
- INSERM U1016, Université Paris-Descartes, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - M Oshima
- INSERM U1016, Université Paris-Descartes, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - O Albagli
- INSERM U1016, Université Paris-Descartes, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
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Pauerstein PT, Park KM, Peiris HS, Wang J, Kim SK. Research Resource: Genetic Labeling of Human Islet Alpha Cells. Mol Endocrinol 2016; 30:248-53. [PMID: 26745668 DOI: 10.1210/me.2015-1220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The 2 most abundant human pancreatic islet cell types are insulin-producing β-cells and glucagon-producing α-cells. Defined cis-regulatory elements from rodent Insulin genes have permitted genetic labeling of human islet β-cells, enabling lineage tracing and generation of human β-cell lines, but analogous elements for genetically labeling human α-cells with high specificity do not yet exist. To identify genetic elements that specifically direct reporter expression to human α-cells, we investigated noncoding sequences adjacent to the human GLUCAGON and ARX genes, which are expressed in islet α-cells. Elements with high evolutionary conservation were cloned into lentiviral vectors to direct fluorescent reporter expression in primary human islets. Based on the specificity of reporter expression for α- and β-cells, we found that rat glucagon promoter was not specific for human α-cells but that addition of human GLUCAGON untranslated region sequences substantially enhanced specificity of labeling in both cultured and transplanted islets to a degree not previously reported, to our knowledge. Specific transgene expression from these cis-regulatory sequences in human α-cells should enable targeted genetic modification and lineage tracing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip T Pauerstein
- Department of Developmental Biology (P.T.P., K.M.P., H.S.P., J.W., S.K.K.) and Howard Hughes Medical Institute (S.K.K.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
| | - Keon Min Park
- Department of Developmental Biology (P.T.P., K.M.P., H.S.P., J.W., S.K.K.) and Howard Hughes Medical Institute (S.K.K.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
| | - Heshan S Peiris
- Department of Developmental Biology (P.T.P., K.M.P., H.S.P., J.W., S.K.K.) and Howard Hughes Medical Institute (S.K.K.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Developmental Biology (P.T.P., K.M.P., H.S.P., J.W., S.K.K.) and Howard Hughes Medical Institute (S.K.K.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
| | - Seung K Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology (P.T.P., K.M.P., H.S.P., J.W., S.K.K.) and Howard Hughes Medical Institute (S.K.K.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
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Scharfmann R, Pechberty S, Hazhouz Y, von Bülow M, Bricout-Neveu E, Grenier-Godard M, Guez F, Rachdi L, Lohmann M, Czernichow P, Ravassard P. Development of a conditionally immortalized human pancreatic β cell line. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:2087-98. [PMID: 24667639 DOI: 10.1172/jci72674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic patients exhibit a reduction in β cells, which secrete insulin to help regulate glucose homeostasis; however, little is known about the factors that regulate proliferation of these cells in human pancreas. Access to primary human β cells is limited and a challenge for both functional studies and drug discovery progress. We previously reported the generation of a human β cell line (EndoC-βH1) that was generated from human fetal pancreas by targeted oncogenesis followed by in vivo cell differentiation in mice. EndoC-βH1 cells display many functional properties of adult β cells, including expression of β cell markers and insulin secretion following glucose stimulation; however, unlike primary β cells, EndoC-βH1 cells continuously proliferate. Here, we devised a strategy to generate conditionally immortalized human β cell lines based on Cre-mediated excision of the immortalizing transgenes. The resulting cell line (EndoC-βH2) could be massively amplified in vitro. After expansion, transgenes were efficiently excised upon Cre expression, leading to an arrest of cell proliferation and pronounced enhancement of β cell-specific features such as insulin expression, content, and secretion. Our data indicate that excised EndoC-βH2 cells are highly representative of human β cells and should be a valuable tool for further analysis of human β cells.
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Delaspre F, Massumi M, Salido M, Soria B, Ravassard P, Savatier P, Skoudy A. Directed pancreatic acinar differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells via embryonic signalling molecules and exocrine transcription factors. PLoS One 2013; 8:e54243. [PMID: 23349836 PMCID: PMC3547908 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent embryonic stem cells (ESC) are a promising cellular system for generating an unlimited source of tissue for the treatment of chronic diseases and valuable in vitro differentiation models for drug testing. Our aim was to direct differentiation of mouse ESC into pancreatic acinar cells, which play key roles in pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. To that end, ESC were first differentiated as embryoid bodies and sequentially incubated with activin A, inhibitors of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) pathways, fibroblast growth factors (FGF) and retinoic acid (RA) in order to achieve a stepwise increase in the expression of mRNA transcripts encoding for endodermal and pancreatic progenitor markers. Subsequent plating in Matrigel® and concomitant modulation of FGF, glucocorticoid, and folllistatin signalling pathways involved in exocrine differentiation resulted in a significant increase of mRNAs encoding secretory enzymes and in the number of cells co-expressing their protein products. Also, pancreatic endocrine marker expression was down-regulated and accompanied by a significant reduction in the number of hormone-expressing cells with a limited presence of hepatic marker expressing-cells. These findings suggest a selective activation of the acinar differentiation program. The newly differentiated cells were able to release α-amylase and this feature was greatly improved by lentiviral-mediated expression of Rbpjl and Ptf1a, two transcription factors involved in the maximal production of digestive enzymes. This study provides a novel method to produce functional pancreatic exocrine cells from ESC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Delaspre
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Biomedical Research Park, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mohammad Massumi
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Biomedical Research Park, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Salido
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Biomedical Research Park, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bernat Soria
- CABIMER, Sevilla, Spain
- CIBERDEM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Pierre Savatier
- Stem Cells and Brain Research Institute, Bron, France
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Anouchka Skoudy
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Biomedical Research Park, Barcelona, Spain
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Scharfmann R, Rachdi L, Ravassard P. Concise review: in search of unlimited sources of functional human pancreatic beta cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2012; 2:61-7. [PMID: 23283495 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2012-0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well-established that insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells are central in diabetes. In type 1 diabetes, beta cells are destroyed by an autoimmune mechanism, whereas in type 2 diabetes, there is a decrease in functional beta-cell mass. In this context, studying beta cells is of major importance. Beta cells represent only 1% of total pancreatic cells and are found dispersed in the pancreatic gland. During the past decades, many tools and approaches have been developed to study rodent beta cells that efficiently pushed the field forward. However, rodent and human beta cells are not identical, and our knowledge of human beta cells has not progressed as quickly as our understanding of rodent beta cells. We believe that one of the reasons for this inefficient progress is the difficulty of accessing unlimited sources of functional human pancreatic beta cells. The main focus of this review concerns recent strategies to generate new sources of human pancreatic beta cells.
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Lenoir O, Flosseau K, Ma FX, Blondeau B, Mai A, Bassel-Duby R, Ravassard P, Olson EN, Haumaitre C, Scharfmann R. Specific control of pancreatic endocrine β- and δ-cell mass by class IIa histone deacetylases HDAC4, HDAC5, and HDAC9. Diabetes 2011; 60:2861-71. [PMID: 21953612 PMCID: PMC3198089 DOI: 10.2337/db11-0440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Class IIa histone deacetylases (HDACs) belong to a large family of enzymes involved in protein deacetylation and play a role in regulating gene expression and cell differentiation. Previously, we showed that HDAC inhibitors modify the timing and determination of pancreatic cell fate. The aim of this study was to determine the role of class IIa HDACs in pancreas development. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We took a genetic approach and analyzed the pancreatic phenotype of mice lacking HDAC4, -5, and -9. We also developed a novel method of lentiviral infection of pancreatic explants and performed gain-of-function experiments. RESULTS We show that class IIa HDAC4, -5, and -9 have an unexpected restricted expression in the endocrine β- and δ-cells of the pancreas. Analyses of the pancreas of class IIa HDAC mutant mice revealed an increased pool of insulin-producing β-cells in Hdac5(-/-) and Hdac9(-/-) mice and an increased pool of somatostatin-producing δ-cells in Hdac4(-/-) and Hdac5(-/-) mice. Conversely, HDAC4 and HDAC5 overexpression showed a decreased pool of insulin-producing β-cells and somatostatin-producing δ-cells. Finally, treatment of pancreatic explants with the selective class IIa HDAC inhibitor MC1568 enhances expression of Pax4, a key factor required for proper β-and δ-cell differentiation and amplifies endocrine β- and δ-cells. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that HDAC4, -5, and -9 are key regulators to control the pancreatic β/δ-cell lineage. These results highlight the epigenetic mechanisms underlying the regulation of endocrine cell development and suggest new strategies for β-cell differentiation-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Lenoir
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U845, Research Center Growth and Signalling, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Kathleen Flosseau
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U845, Research Center Growth and Signalling, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Feng Xia Ma
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U845, Research Center Growth and Signalling, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Bertrand Blondeau
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)-S 872, Cordeliers Research Center, Paris, France
| | - Antonello Mai
- Pasteur Institute-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Rhonda Bassel-Duby
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Philippe Ravassard
- Institute of Brain and Spinal Cord Research Center, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 7225, INSERM UMR-S 975, Pierre and Marie Curie University, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Eric N. Olson
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Cécile Haumaitre
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U845, Research Center Growth and Signalling, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
- Corresponding author: Cécile Haumaitre, , or Raphaël Scharfmann,
| | - Raphaël Scharfmann
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U845, Research Center Growth and Signalling, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
- Corresponding author: Cécile Haumaitre, , or Raphaël Scharfmann,
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Ravassard P, Hazhouz Y, Pechberty S, Bricout-Neveu E, Armanet M, Czernichow P, Scharfmann R. A genetically engineered human pancreatic β cell line exhibiting glucose-inducible insulin secretion. J Clin Invest 2011; 121:3589-97. [PMID: 21865645 DOI: 10.1172/jci58447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 423] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2011] [Accepted: 06/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite intense efforts over the past 30 years, human pancreatic β cell lines have not been available. Here, we describe a robust technology for producing a functional human β cell line using targeted oncogenesis in human fetal tissue. Human fetal pancreatic buds were transduced with a lentiviral vector that expressed SV40LT under the control of the insulin promoter. The transduced buds were then grafted into SCID mice so that they could develop into mature pancreatic tissue. Upon differentiation, the newly formed SV40LT-expressing β cells proliferated and formed insulinomas. The resulting β cells were then transduced with human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), grafted into other SCID mice, and finally expanded in vitro to generate cell lines. One of these cell lines, EndoC-βH1, expressed many β cell-specific markers without any substantial expression of markers of other pancreatic cell types. The cells secreted insulin when stimulated by glucose or other insulin secretagogues, and cell transplantation reversed chemically induced diabetes in mice. These cells represent a unique tool for large-scale drug discovery and provide a preclinical model for cell replacement therapy in diabetes. This technology could be generalized to generate other human cell lines when the cell type-specific promoter is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Ravassard
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Biotechnology and Biotherapy Team, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (CRICM), UMRS 975, Paris, France.
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