1
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Dubey N, Rahimnejad M, Swanson WB, Xu J, de Ruijter M, Malda J, Squarize CH, Castilho RM, Bottino MC. Integration of Melt Electrowritten Polymeric Scaffolds and Bioprinting for Epithelial Healing via Localized Periostin Delivery. ACS Macro Lett 2024:959-965. [PMID: 39024469 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Management of skin injuries imposes a substantial financial burden on patients and hospitals, leading to diminished quality of life. Periostin (rhOSF), an extracellular matrix component, regulates cell function, including a proliferative healing phase, representing a key protein to promote wound healing. Despite its proven efficacy in vitro, there is a lack of scaffolds that facilitate the in situ delivery of rhOSF. In addition, there is a need for a scaffold to not only support cell growth, but also to resist the mechanical forces involved in wound healing. In this work, we synthesized rhOSF-loaded mesoporous nanoparticles (MSNs) and incorporated them into a cell-laden gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) ink that was bioprinted into melt electrowritten poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) microfibrous (MF-PCL) meshes to develop mechanically competent constructs. Diffraction light scattering (DLS) analysis showed a narrow nanoparticle size distribution with an average size of 82.7 ± 13.2 nm. The rhOSF-loaded hydrogels showed a steady and controlled release of rhOSF over 16 days at a daily dose of ∼40 ng/mL. Compared with blank MSNs, the incorporation of rhOSF markedly augmented cell proliferation, underscoring its contribution to cellular performance. Our findings suggest a promising approach to address challenges such as prolonged healing, offering a potential solution for developing robust, biocompatible, and cell-laden grafts for burn wound healing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nileshkumar Dubey
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, 119077 Singapore
| | - Maedeh Rahimnejad
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - W Benton Swanson
- Department of Biologic and Materials Science, Division of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Jinping Xu
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Mylène de Ruijter
- Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, 3584 Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Malda
- Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, 3584 Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cristiane H Squarize
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Rogerio M Castilho
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Marco C Bottino
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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Zhou C, Cai Z, Guo J, Li C, Qin C, Yan J, Yang D. Injective hydrogel loaded with liposomes-encapsulated MY-1 promotes wound healing and increases tensile strength by accelerating fibroblast migration via the PI3K/AKT-Rac1 signaling pathway. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:396. [PMID: 38965546 PMCID: PMC11225333 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02666-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Failed skin wound healing, through delayed wound healing or wound dehiscence, is a global public health issue that imposes significant burdens on individuals and society. Although the application of growth factor is an effective method to improve the pace and quality of wound healing, the clinically approved factors are limited. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) demonstrates promising results in wound healing by promoting collagen deposition and cell migration, but its application is limited by potentially inhibitory effects when administered continuously and locally. Through partially replacing and repeating the amino acid domains of PTH(1-34), we previously designed a novel PTH analog, PTH(3-34)(29-34) or MY-1, and found that it avoided the inhibitory effects of PTH while retaining its positive functions. To evaluate its role in wound healing, MY-1 was encapsulated in liposomes and incorporated into the methacryloyl gelatin (GelMA) hydrogel, through which an injectable nanocomposite hydrogel (GelMA-MY@Lipo, or GML) was developed. In vitro studies revealed that the GML had similar properties in terms of the appearance, microstructure, functional groups, swelling, and degradation capacities as the GelMA hydrogel. In vitro drug release testing showed a relatively more sustainable release of MY-1, which was still detectable in vivo 9 days post-application. When the GML was topically applied to the wound areas of rat models, wound closure as well as tensile strength were improved. Further studies showed that the effects of GML on wound repair and tensile strength were closely related to the promotion of fibroblast migration to the wound area through the controlled release of MY-1. Mechanically, MY-1 enhanced fibroblast migration by activating PI3K/AKT signaling and its downstream molecule, Rac1, by which it increased fibroblast aggregation in the early stage and resulting in denser collagen deposition at a later time. Overall, these findings demonstrated that the nanocomposite hydrogel system promoted skin wound healing and increased tensile strength, thus offering new potential in the treatment of wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhao Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics - Spinal Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhihai Cai
- Department of Orthopedics - Spinal Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jialiang Guo
- Department of Orthopedics - Spinal Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Chengfu Li
- Department of Orthopedics - Spinal Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Chenghe Qin
- Department of Orthopedics - Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Juanwen Yan
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Dehong Yang
- Department of Orthopedics - Spinal Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Louie JD, Barrios-Camacho CM, Bromberg BH, Hintschich CA, Schwob JE. Spatiotemporal dynamics exhibited by horizontal basal cells reveal a pro-neurogenic pathway during injury-induced olfactory epithelium regeneration. iScience 2024; 27:109600. [PMID: 38650985 PMCID: PMC11033173 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Horizontal basal cells (HBCs) mediate olfactory epithelium (OE) regeneration following severe tissue injury. The dynamism of the post-injury environment is well illustrated by in silico modeling of RNA sequencing data that demonstrate an evolving HBC transcriptome. Unfortunately, spatiotemporally dynamic processes occurring within HBCs in situ remain poorly understood. Here, we show that HBCs at 24 h post-OE injury spatially redistribute a constellation of proteins, which, in turn, helped to nominate Rac1 as a regulator of HBC differentiation during OE regeneration. Using our primary culture model to activate HBCs pharmacologically, we demonstrate that concurrent Rac1 inhibition attenuates HBC differentiation potential. This in vitro functional impairment manifested in vivo as decreased HBC differentiation into olfactory sensory neurons following HBC-specific Rac1 conditional knockout. Taken together, our data potentiate the design of hyposmia-alleviating therapies and highlight aspects of in situ HBC spatiotemporal dynamics that deserve further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D. Louie
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Tufts University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Department of Developmental, Molecular & Chemical Biology, Tufts University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Camila M. Barrios-Camacho
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Tufts University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Department of Developmental, Molecular & Chemical Biology, Tufts University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Benjamin H. Bromberg
- Department of Developmental, Molecular & Chemical Biology, Tufts University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Constantin A. Hintschich
- Department of Developmental, Molecular & Chemical Biology, Tufts University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - James E. Schwob
- Department of Developmental, Molecular & Chemical Biology, Tufts University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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da Silva G, Milan TM, Leopoldino AM. The accumulation of sphingosine kinase 2 disrupts the DNA damage response and promotes resistance to genotoxic agents. Gene 2024; 897:148063. [PMID: 38048970 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.148063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
There is a known correlation between cancer and changes in sphingolipids, specifically the production of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) by sphingosine kinases 1 and 2 (SPHK1/SPHK2). However, a potential relationship between bioactive lipid molecules, SPHK, and the response to DNA damage is unknown. We aimed to evaluate the response of oral keratinocytes and head and neck cancer cell lines with SPHK2/S1P alterations to DNA damage. This assessment is intended to establish a link between these alterations and tumorigenesis as well as resistance to therapy. SPHK2 overexpression in oral squamous cells promoted evasion of apoptosis and cell cycle control, which increased the resistance to genotoxic agents (chemical and physical). Cells that have SPHK2 overexpression are more prone to DNA damage, which allows those damaged cells to survive and multiply. This is associated with a decrease in overall DNA methylation. These discoveries help to clarify the connection between SPHK2 and the response to DNA damage, as well as its capacity to aid in the resistance against genotoxic agents, including those used in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel da Silva
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Thaís Moré Milan
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andréia Machado Leopoldino
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
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Sun Q, Zhou L, Yu Z, Zhang J, Zhang C, Pi H. Human Parathyroid Hormone (1-34) accelerates skin wound healing through inducing cell migration via up-regulating the expression of Rac1. Cell Div 2024; 19:4. [PMID: 38347626 PMCID: PMC10860314 DOI: 10.1186/s13008-024-00111-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Delayed wound healing is a public issue that imposes a significant burden on both society and the patients themselves. To date, although numerous methods have been developed to accelerate the speed of wound closure, the therapeutic effects are partially limited due to the complex procedures, high costs, potential side effects, and ethical concerns. While some studies have reported that the in-vivo application of Human Parathyroid Hormone (1-34) (hPTH(1-34)) promotes the wound-healing process, the definitive role and underlying mechanisms through which it regulates the behavior of fibroblasts and keratinocytes remains unclear. Herein, hPTH(1-34)'s role in cell migration is evaluated with a series of in-vitro and in-vivo studies, whereby hPTH(1-34)'s underlying mechanism in activating the two types of cells was detected. The in-vitro study revealed that hPTH(1-34) enhanced the migration of both fibroblasts and HaCaT cells. Ras-associated C3 botulinum toxin subunit 1 (Rac1), a classical member of the Rho family, was upregulated in hPTH(1-34)-treated fibroblasts and HaCaT cells. Further study by silencing the expression of Rac1 with siRNA reversed the hPTH(1-34)-enhanced cell migration, thus confirming that Rac1 was involved in hPTH(1-34)-induced cell behavior. In-vivo study on rat wound models confirmed the effects of hPTH(1-34) on fibroblasts and keratinocytes, with increased collagen deposition, fibroblasts accumulation, and Rac1 expression in the hPTH(1-34)-treated wounds. In summary, the present study demonstrated that hPTH(1-34) accelerated wound healing through enhancing the migration of cells through the up-regulation of Rac1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingpeng Sun
- Department of Orthopaedic, Xiangyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 24, Changzheng Road, Fancheng District, Xiangyang, 441000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Liya Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic, Xiangyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 24, Changzheng Road, Fancheng District, Xiangyang, 441000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhiyong Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic, Xiangyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 24, Changzheng Road, Fancheng District, Xiangyang, 441000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic, Xiangyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 24, Changzheng Road, Fancheng District, Xiangyang, 441000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic, Xiangyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 24, Changzheng Road, Fancheng District, Xiangyang, 441000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Honglin Pi
- Department of Orthopaedic, Xiangyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 24, Changzheng Road, Fancheng District, Xiangyang, 441000, Hubei Province, China.
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Fugio LB, Silva G, Ferraz CL, Trevisan GL, Coeli-Lacchini FB, Garcia CB, Sousa LO, Malta TM, Gil CD, Leopoldino AM. Accumulation of sphingosine kinase 2 protein induces malignant transformation in oral keratinocytes associated with stemness, autophagy, senescence, and proliferation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119616. [PMID: 37898377 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling has been widely explored as a therapeutic target in cancer. Sphingosine kinase 2 (SK2), one of the kinases that phosphorylate sphingosine, has a cell type and cell location-dependent mechanism of action, so the ability of SK2 to induce cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, proliferation, and survival is strongly influenced by the cell-context. In contrast to SK1, which is widely studied in different types of cancer, including head and neck cancer, the role of SK2 in the development and progression of oral cancer is still poorly understood. In order to elucidate SK2 role in oral cancer, we performed the overexpression of SK2 in non-tumor oral keratinocyte cell (NOK SK2) and in oral squamous cell carcinoma (HN12 SK2), and RNA interference for SK2 in another oral squamous cell carcinoma (HN13 shSK2). In our study we demonstrate for the first time that accumulation of SK2 can be a starting point for oncogenesis and transforms a non-tumor oral keratinocyte (NOK-SI) into highly aggressive tumor cells, even acting on cell plasticity. Furthermore, in oral metastatic cell line (HN12), SK2 contributed even more to the tumorigenesis, inducing proliferation and tumor growth. Our work reveals the intriguing role of SK2 as an oral tumor promoter and regulator of different pathways and cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lais Brigliadori Fugio
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Silva
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Lopes Ferraz
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Glauce Lunardelli Trevisan
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Borchers Coeli-Lacchini
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiana Bernadelli Garcia
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Oliveira Sousa
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tathiane Maistro Malta
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Damas Gil
- Department of Cell Biology, Federal University of the State of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andréia Machado Leopoldino
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
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Barbeiro CDO, Fernandes D, Palaçon MP, Castilho RM, de Almeida LY, Bufalino A. Inflammatory Cells Can Alter the Levels of H3K9ac and γH2AX in Dysplastic Cells and Favor Tumor Phenotype. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13040662. [PMID: 37109048 PMCID: PMC10141380 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13040662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) are clinical presentations that carry an increased risk of cancer development. Currently, epithelial dysplasia grade is based on architectural and cytological epithelial changes and is used to predict the malignant transformation of these lesions. However, predicting which OPMD will progress to a malignant tumor is very challenging. Inflammatory infiltrates can favor cancer development, and recent studies suggest that this association with OPMD lesions may be related to the etiology and/or aggressive clinical behavior of these lesions. Epigenetic changes such as histone modifications may mediate chronic inflammation and also favor tumor cells in immune resistance and evasion. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between histone acetylation (H3K9ac) and DNA damage in the context of dysplastic lesions with prominent chronic inflammation. Immunofluorescence of "low-risk" and "high-risk" OPMD lesions (n = 24) and inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (n = 10) as the control group was performed to assess histone acetylation levels and DNA damage through the phosphorylation of H2AX (γH2AX). Cell co-culture assays with PBMCs and oral keratinocyte cell lines (NOK-SI, DOK, and SCC-25) were performed to assess proliferation, adhesion, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Oral dysplastic lesions showed a hypoacetylation of H3K9 and low levels of γH2AX compared to control. The contact of dysplastic oral keratinocytes with PBMCs favored EMT and the loss of cell-cell adhesion. On the other hand, p27 levels increased and cyclin E decreased in DOK, indicating cell cycle arrest. We conclude that the presence of chronic inflammation associated to dysplastic lesions is capable of promoting epigenetic alterations, which in turn can favor the process of malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila de Oliveira Barbeiro
- Oral Medicine, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Darcy Fernandes
- Oral Medicine, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Paravani Palaçon
- Oral Medicine, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Rogerio Moraes Castilho
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, 1011N University Av, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA
| | - Luciana Yamamoto de Almeida
- Oral Medicine, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Andreia Bufalino
- Oral Medicine, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil
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Bio-Pulsed Stimulation Effectively Improves the Production of Avian Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles That Enhance the Bioactivity of Skin Fibroblasts and Hair Follicle Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315010. [PMID: 36499339 PMCID: PMC9740660 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (exosomes) possess regeneration, cell proliferation, wound healing, and anti-senescence capabilities. The functions of exosomes can be modified by preconditioning MSCs through treatment with bio-pulsed reagents (Polygonum multiflorum Thunb extract). However, the beneficial effects of bio-pulsed small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) on the skin or hair remain unknown. This study investigated the in vitro mechanistic basis through which bio-pulsed sEVs enhance the bioactivity of the skin fibroblasts and hair follicle cells. Avian-derived MSCs (AMSCs) were isolated, characterized, and bio-pulsed to produce AMSC-sEVs, which were isolated, lyophilized, characterized, and analyzed. The effects of bio-pulsed AMSC-sEVs on cell proliferation, wound healing, and gene expression associated with skin and hair bioactivity were examined using human skin fibroblasts (HSFs) and follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPCs). Bio-pulsed treatment significantly enhanced sEVs production by possibly upregulating RAB27A expression in AMSCs. Bio-pulsed AMSC-sEVs contained more exosomal proteins and RNAs than the control. Bio-pulsed AMSC-sEVs significantly augmented cell proliferation, wound healing, and gene expression in HSFs and HFDPCs. The present study investigated the role of bio-pulsed AMSC-sEVs in the bioactivity of the skin fibroblasts and hair follicle cells as mediators to offer potential health benefits for skin and hair.
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Myeong J, Heo SC, Kim S, Yea K, Jeong Y. Establishment of a chemical tongue injury-recovery mouse model. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 629:34-39. [PMID: 36099782 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.08.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Tongue epithelium is one of the most proliferative and regenerative epithelia in our body. However, tongue stem cell research is hampered partly by the lack of optimal animal models to study tongue injury, repair, and regeneration. Here, we establish a novel chemically induced tongue injury-recovery mouse model. Focal application of sodium hydroxide for a limited time led to the denudation of suprabasal layers, leaving the basal layer. Time course study revealed that tongue epithelial cells robustly proliferate over one week after the tongue injury. Importantly, we demonstrated that our novel mouse model could be employed in the lineage tracing of the tongue stem cells under the injury and repair process and further showed that tongue stem cells proliferate faster and generate larger clones in the injury condition than in the steady state condition. Our data indicate the development of a novel chemically induced tongue injury-recovery mouse model for tongue stem cell research, which will significantly facilitate the preclinical study for the pathogenesis and treatment of caustic ingestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyeon Myeong
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 43024, South Korea
| | - Soon Chul Heo
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 43024, South Korea
| | - Seongsoo Kim
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 43024, South Korea
| | - Kyungmoo Yea
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 43024, South Korea; New Biology Research Center, DGIST, Daegu, 43024, South Korea
| | - Youngtae Jeong
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 43024, South Korea; New Biology Research Center, DGIST, Daegu, 43024, South Korea.
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Bernardo WLDC, Boriollo MFG, Tonon CC, da Silva JJ, Oliveira MC, de Moraes FC, Spolidorio DMP. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from Syzygium cumini leaves and their potential effects on odontogenic pathogens and biofilms. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:995521. [PMID: 36246249 PMCID: PMC9556836 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.995521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study analyzed the antimicrobial and antibiofilm action and cytotoxicity of extract (HEScL) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs-HEScL) from Syzygium cumini leaves. GC–MS, UV–Vis, EDX, FEG/SEM, DLS and zeta potential assays were used to characterize the extract or nanoparticles. Antimicrobial, antibiofilm and cytotoxicity analyses were carried out by in vitro methods: agar diffusion, microdilution and normal oral keratinocytes spontaneously immortalized (NOK-SI) cell culture. MICs of planktonic cells ranged from 31.2–250 (AgNPs-HEScL) to 1,296.8–10,375 μg/ml (HEScL) for Actinomyces naeslundii, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus oralis, Veillonella dispar, and Candida albicans. AgNPs-HEScL showed antibiofilm effects (125–8,000 μg/ml) toward Candida albicans, Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus oralis, and Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The NOK-SI exhibited no cytotoxicity when treated with 32.8 and 680.3 μg/ml of AgNPs-HEScL and HEScL, respectively, for 5 min. The data suggest potential antimicrobial and antibiofilm action of HEScL, and more specifically, AgNPs-HEScL, involving pathogens of medical and dental interest (dose-, time- and species-dependent). The cytotoxicity of HEScL and AgNPs-HEScL detected in NOK-SI was dose- and time-dependent. This study presents toxicological information about the lyophilized ethanolic extract of S. cumini leaves, including their metallic nanoparticles, and adds scientific values to incipient studies found in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wagner Luis de Carvalho Bernardo
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Wagner Luís de Carvalho Bernardo,
| | - Marcelo Fabiano Gomes Boriollo
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Dental School of Piracicaba, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
- Marcelo Fabiano Gomes Boriollo,
| | - Caroline Coradi Tonon
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Jeferson Júnior da Silva
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Dental School of Piracicaba, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Mateus Cardoso Oliveira
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Dental School of Piracicaba, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
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Xu J, Yang R, Li J, Wang L, Cohen M, Simeone DM, Costa M, Wu XR. DNMT3A/ miR-129-2-5p/Rac1 Is an Effector Pathway for SNHG1 to Drive Stem-Cell-like and Invasive Behaviors of Advanced Bladder Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4159. [PMID: 36077697 PMCID: PMC9454896 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The stem-cell-like behavior of cancer cells plays a central role in tumor heterogeneity and invasion and correlates closely with drug resistance and unfavorable clinical outcomes. However, the molecular underpinnings of cancer cell stemness remain incompletely defined. Here, we show that SNHG1, a long non-coding RNA that is over-expressed in ~95% of human muscle-invasive bladder cancers (MIBCs), induces stem-cell-like sphere formation and the invasion of cultured bladder cancer cells by upregulating Rho GTPase, Rac1. We further show that SNHG1 binds to DNA methylation transferase 3A protein (DNMT3A), and tethers DNMT3A to the promoter of miR-129-2, thus hyper-methylating and repressing miR-129-2-5p transcription. The reduced binding of miR-129-2 to the 3'-UTR of Rac1 mRNA leads to the stabilization of Rac1 mRNA and increased levels of Rac1 protein, which then stimulates MIBC cell sphere formation and invasion. Analysis of the Human Protein Atlas shows that a high expression of Rac1 is strongly associated with poor survival in patients with MIBC. Our data strongly suggest that the SNHG1/DNMT3A/miR-129-2-5p/Rac1 effector pathway drives stem-cell-like and invasive behaviors in MIBC, a deadly form of bladder cancer. Targeting this pathway, alone or in combination with platinum-based therapy, may reduce chemoresistance and improve longer-term outcomes in MIBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiheng Xu
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Jingxia Li
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Lidong Wang
- Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Mitchell Cohen
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Diane M. Simeone
- Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Max Costa
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Xue-Ru Wu
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Department of Urology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Veterans Affairs New York Harbor Healthcare System, Manhattan Campus, New York, NY 10010, USA
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12
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Pereira PFS, de Paula E Silva ACA, da Silva Pimentel BNA, Pinatti IM, Simões AZ, Vergani CE, Barreto-Vieira DF, da Silva MAN, Miranda MD, Monteiro MES, Tucci A, Doñate-Buendía C, Mínguez-Vega G, Andrés J, Longo E. Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 by a chitosan/α-Ag 2WO 4 composite generated by femtosecond laser irradiation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8118. [PMID: 35581241 PMCID: PMC9114143 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11902-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current COVID-19 pandemic, the next generation of innovative materials with enhanced anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity is urgently needed to prevent the spread of this virus within the community. Herein, we report the synthesis of chitosan/α-Ag2WO4 composites synthetized by femtosecond laser irradiation. The antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Methicilin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), and Candida albicans was determined by estimating the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal/fungicidal concentration (MBC/MFC). To assess the biocompatibility of chitosan/α-Ag2WO4 composites in a range involving MIC and MBC/MFC on keratinocytes cells (NOK-si), an alamarBlue™ assay and an MTT assay were carried out. The SARS-CoV-2 virucidal effects was analyzed in Vero E6 cells through viral titer quantified in cell culture supernatant by PFU/mL assay. Our results showed a very similar antimicrobial activity of chitosan/α-Ag2WO4 3.3 and 6.6, with the last one demonstrating a slightly better action against MSSA. The chitosan/α-Ag2WO4 9.9 showed a wide range of antimicrobial activity (0.49-31.25 µg/mL). The cytotoxicity outcomes by alamarBlue™ revealed that the concentrations of interest (MIC and MBC/MFC) were considered non-cytotoxic to all composites after 72 h of exposure. The Chitosan/α-Ag2WO4 (CS6.6/α-Ag2WO4) composite reduced the SARS-CoV-2 viral titer quantification up to 80% of the controls. Then, our results suggest that these composites are highly efficient materials to kill bacteria (Escherichia coli, Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus, and the yeast strain Candida albicans), in addition to inactivating SARS-CoV-2 by contact, through ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Fabiana Santos Pereira
- CDMF, LIEC, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), P.O. Box 676, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil.,Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University Jaume I (UJI), 12071, Castelló, Spain
| | - Ana Carolina Alves de Paula E Silva
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 1680 Humaitá Street, Araraquara, SP, 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Bruna Natália Alves da Silva Pimentel
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 1680 Humaitá Street, Araraquara, SP, 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Ivo Mateus Pinatti
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University Jaume I (UJI), 12071, Castelló, Spain.,Faculty of Engineering of Guaratinguetá, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Guaratinguetá, SP, 12516-410, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Zirpoli Simões
- Faculty of Engineering of Guaratinguetá, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Guaratinguetá, SP, 12516-410, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Vergani
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 1680 Humaitá Street, Araraquara, SP, 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Débora Ferreira Barreto-Vieira
- Laboratory of Viral Morphology and Morphogenesis, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Milene Dias Miranda
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduarda Santos Monteiro
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Amanda Tucci
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos Doñate-Buendía
- GROC UJI, Institute of New Imaging Technologies, Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat sn, 12071, Castellón de la Plana, Spain.,Materials Science and Additive Manufacturing, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Gladys Mínguez-Vega
- GROC UJI, Institute of New Imaging Technologies, Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat sn, 12071, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Juan Andrés
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University Jaume I (UJI), 12071, Castelló, Spain
| | - Elson Longo
- CDMF, LIEC, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), P.O. Box 676, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil.
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13
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Pimentel BNADS, Marin-Dett FH, Assis M, Barbugli PA, Longo E, Vergani CE. Antifungal Activity and Biocompatibility of α-AgVO 3, α-Ag 2WO 4, and β-Ag 2MoO 4 Using a Three-Dimensional Coculture Model of the Oral Mucosa. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:826123. [PMID: 35237581 PMCID: PMC8883331 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.826123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal infections have become a major concern in the medical community, especially those caused by Candida spp. Within this species, Candida albicans stands out for being an opportunistic commensal fungus that can cause superficial and invasive infections. Current antifungal therapy involves the local and/or systemic use of drugs such as azoles, polyenes, and echinocandins. These antifungals are based on highly specific target sites, and the development of resistance may occur with changes in the enzymatic pathways that serve as the drug targets. Thus, the development of new antifungal drugs is highly recommended to prevent drug resistance. The present investigation evaluated the antifungal activity of silver-containing microcrystals such as silver vanadate (α-AgVO3), silver tungstate (α-Ag2WO4), and silver molybdate (β-Ag2MoO4). In addition to having antimicrobial activity, such compounds should not cause damage to underlying tissues. Thus, to better assess the biocompatibility of new compounds, a new three-dimensional (3D) coculture model involving three cell lines was developed. The validation of the model was based on fluorescent markers and confocal laser microscopy. The biocompatibility of silver-containing microcrystals was evaluated by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. 3D coculture was infected with C. albicans biofilm and challenged with α-AgVO3, α-Ag2WO4, and β-Ag2MoO4. The action of microcrystals on C. albicans biofilm was evaluated by colony-forming units (CFU/ml) and LIVE/DEAD staining. In addition, production of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-8, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) was measured by cytometric bead array kit using flow cytometry. The 3D coculture model described here proved to be adequate to assess both the biocompatibility of the new materials and the infectious processes. Regarding the biocompatibility of the microcrystals, only α-AgVO3 (15.62 µg/ml) showed a decrease in cell viability. The antibiofilm activity of α-Ag2WO4 was similar to that of the standard drug (fluconazole). Although α-Ag2WO4 was able to induce the production of IL-6, IL-8, and IL-1β, no differences in cytokine production were observed between noninfected and infected models treated with this microcrystal. β-Ag2MoO4 inhibits the production of TNF-α in the infected model; however, it showed no antibiofilm activity. Based on the biocompatibility and antifungal findings, α-Ag2WO4 is a promising material for treating C. albicans infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Natália Alves da Silva Pimentel
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Freddy Humberto Marin-Dett
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Assis
- CDMF, LIEC, Chemistry Department, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Paula Aboud Barbugli
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil.,Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Elson Longo
- CDMF, LIEC, Chemistry Department, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Vergani
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
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14
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Dias KDC, Barbugli PA, Vergani CE. Insights into the activation of oral keratinocyte cell death by Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. BIOFOULING 2021; 37:975-983. [PMID: 34708675 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2021.1994959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Polymicrobial biofilms comprising Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus can increase the frequency and severity of oral diseases. This study assessed oral keratinocyte cell death, apoptosis and/or necrosis, promoted by soluble factors from single and dual biofilms of S. aureus and C. albicans. The soluble factors were obtained from the 16-h biofilm growth media. Cell viability was assessed by MTT and cell membrane damage by LDH. SEM was used for morphology changes. Assessment of apoptosis and necrosis was performed using annexin V and propidium iodide and caspases -2, -3, -6, -8 and -9. Statistical analysis was conducted with ANOVA and Tukey tests (α = 5%). Dual biofilms promoted the greatest harmful effect on oral cells, with a viability rate of 31.76%, damage to cell membranes and LDH released. Dual biofilms also induced higher percentages of necrotic cells (24.95%). Apoptosis was associated with caspases -2, -3, -6 and -8 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kassia de Carvalho Dias
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Paula Aboud Barbugli
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Vergani
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
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15
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Almeida TFA, Oliveira SR, Mayra da Silva J, Fernandes de Oliveira AL, de Lourdes Cardeal Z, Menezes HC, Gomes JM, Campolina-Silva GH, Oliveira CA, Macari S, Garlet GP, Alves Diniz IM, Leopoldino AM, Aparecida Silva T. Effects of high-dose bisphenol A on the mouse oral mucosa: A possible link with oral cancers. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 286:117296. [PMID: 33971473 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disrupting chemical able to promote hormone-responsive tumors. The major route of BPA contamination being oral, the aim of the present study was to investigate BPA effects on oral cells. Here, we evaluated the impact of sub-chronic in vivo exposure to BPA and its in vitro effects on neoplastic and non-neoplastic oral cells. We evaluated the oral mucosa of mice chronically exposed to BPA (200 mg/L). The response of keratinocytes (NOK-SI) and Head and Neck (HN) Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC), HN12 and HN13 cell lines to BPA was examined. In vivo, BPA accumulated in oral tissues and caused an increase in epithelial proliferative activity. BPA disrupted the function of keratinocytes by altering pro-survival and proliferative pathways and the secretion of cytokines and growth factors. In tumor cells, BPA induced proliferative, invasive, pro-angiogenic, and epigenetic paths. Our data highlight the harmful effects of BPA on oral mucosa and, tumorigenic and non-tumorigenic cells. Additionally, BPA may be a modifier of oral cancer cell behavior by prompting a functional shift to a more aggressive phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sicília Rezende Oliveira
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Janine Mayra da Silva
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Zenilda de Lourdes Cardeal
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Helvécio Costa Menezes
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - José Messias Gomes
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Cleida Aparecida Oliveira
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Soraia Macari
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Ivana Márcia Alves Diniz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Andréia Machado Leopoldino
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Tarcília Aparecida Silva
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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16
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Differences in Extracellular Vesicle Protein Cargo Are Dependent on Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell of Origin and Human Papillomavirus Status. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153714. [PMID: 34359613 PMCID: PMC8345072 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To identify potential extracellular vesicle (EV) biomarkers in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), we evaluated EV protein cargo and whole cell lysates (WCL) from HPV-positive and -negative HNSCC cell lines, as well as normal oral keratinocytes and HPV16-transformed cells. EVs were isolated from serum-depleted, conditioned cell culture media by polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation/ultracentrifugation. EV and WCL preparations were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Candidate proteins detected at significantly higher levels in EV compared with WCL, or compared with EV from normal oral keratinocytes, were identified and confirmed by Wes Simple Western protein analysis. Our findings suggest that these proteins may be potential HNSCC EV markers as proteins that may be (1) selectively included in EV cargo for export from the cell as a strategy for metastasis, tumor cell survival, or modification of tumor microenvironment, or (2) representative of originating cell composition, which may be developed for diagnostic or prognostic use in clinical liquid biopsy applications. This work demonstrates that our method can be used to reliably detect EV proteins from HNSCC, normal keratinocyte, and transformed cell lines. Furthermore, this work has identified HNSCC EV protein candidates for continued evaluation, specifically tenascin-C, HLA-A, E-cadherin, EGFR, EPHA2, and cytokeratin 19.
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17
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Baltanás FC, Mucientes-Valdivieso C, Lorenzo-Martín LF, Fernández-Parejo N, García-Navas R, Segrelles C, Calzada N, Fuentes-Mateos R, Paramio JM, Bustelo XR, Santos E. Functional Specificity of the Members of the Sos Family of Ras-GEF Activators: Novel Role of Sos2 in Control of Epidermal Stem Cell Homeostasis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092152. [PMID: 33946974 PMCID: PMC8124217 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The Sos Ras-GEFs are known to participate in a wide range of skin-related diseases including cutaneous cancers, cardio-facio-cutaneous syndromes, or hirsutism. However, the specific functional roles played by the Sos1 and/or Sos2 family members in specific skin compartments remain largely unknown. This report aimed at precisely characterizing the specific functions played by Sos1 and/or Sos2 in keratinocytes, an essential cellular component of the skin. Our data show that Sos1 and Sos2 make overlapping contributions to both keratinocyte proliferation and survival. However, Sos1 seems to have a preferential involvement in regulating the ERK axis, whereas Sos2 seems to control the signaling output from the PI3K axis. We also uncovered an essential role of Sos2 in the control of the population of epidermal stem cells. Abstract Prior reports showed the critical requirement of Sos1 for epithelial carcinogenesis, but the specific functionalities of the homologous Sos1 and Sos2 GEFs in skin homeostasis and tumorigenesis remain unclear. Here, we characterize specific mechanistic roles played by Sos1 or Sos2 in primary mouse keratinocytes (a prevalent skin cell lineage) under different experimental conditions. Functional analyses of actively growing primary keratinocytes of relevant genotypes—WT, Sos1-KO, Sos2-KO, and Sos1/2-DKO—revealed a prevalent role of Sos1 regarding transcriptional regulation and control of RAS activation and mechanistic overlapping of Sos1 and Sos2 regarding cell proliferation and survival, with dominant contribution of Sos1 to the RAS-ERK axis and Sos2 to the RAS-PI3K/AKT axis. Sos1/2-DKO keratinocytes could not grow under 3D culture conditions, but single Sos1-KO and Sos2-KO keratinocytes were able to form pseudoepidermis structures that showed disorganized layer structure, reduced proliferation, and increased apoptosis in comparison with WT 3D cultures. Remarkably, analysis of the skin of both newborn and adult Sos2-KO mice uncovered a significant reduction of the population of stem cells located in hair follicles. These data confirm that Sos1 and Sos2 play specific, cell-autonomous functions in primary keratinocytes and reveal a novel, essential role of Sos2 in control of epidermal stem cell homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando C. Baltanás
- Mechanisms of Cancer Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer (CIC), Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), University of Salamanca-CSIC, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.M.-V.); (L.F.L.-M.); (N.F.-P.); (R.G.-N.); (N.C.); (R.F.-M.); (X.R.B.)
- Mechanisms of Tumor Progression Program, CIBERONC, University of Salamanca-CSIC, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.S.); (J.M.P.)
- Correspondence: (F.C.B.); (E.S.)
| | - Cynthia Mucientes-Valdivieso
- Mechanisms of Cancer Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer (CIC), Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), University of Salamanca-CSIC, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.M.-V.); (L.F.L.-M.); (N.F.-P.); (R.G.-N.); (N.C.); (R.F.-M.); (X.R.B.)
- Mechanisms of Tumor Progression Program, CIBERONC, University of Salamanca-CSIC, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.S.); (J.M.P.)
| | - L. Francisco Lorenzo-Martín
- Mechanisms of Cancer Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer (CIC), Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), University of Salamanca-CSIC, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.M.-V.); (L.F.L.-M.); (N.F.-P.); (R.G.-N.); (N.C.); (R.F.-M.); (X.R.B.)
- Mechanisms of Tumor Progression Program, CIBERONC, University of Salamanca-CSIC, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.S.); (J.M.P.)
| | - Natalia Fernández-Parejo
- Mechanisms of Cancer Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer (CIC), Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), University of Salamanca-CSIC, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.M.-V.); (L.F.L.-M.); (N.F.-P.); (R.G.-N.); (N.C.); (R.F.-M.); (X.R.B.)
- Mechanisms of Tumor Progression Program, CIBERONC, University of Salamanca-CSIC, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.S.); (J.M.P.)
| | - Rósula García-Navas
- Mechanisms of Cancer Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer (CIC), Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), University of Salamanca-CSIC, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.M.-V.); (L.F.L.-M.); (N.F.-P.); (R.G.-N.); (N.C.); (R.F.-M.); (X.R.B.)
- Mechanisms of Tumor Progression Program, CIBERONC, University of Salamanca-CSIC, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.S.); (J.M.P.)
| | - Carmen Segrelles
- Mechanisms of Tumor Progression Program, CIBERONC, University of Salamanca-CSIC, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.S.); (J.M.P.)
- Molecular Oncology Division, CIEMAT and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Calzada
- Mechanisms of Cancer Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer (CIC), Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), University of Salamanca-CSIC, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.M.-V.); (L.F.L.-M.); (N.F.-P.); (R.G.-N.); (N.C.); (R.F.-M.); (X.R.B.)
- Mechanisms of Tumor Progression Program, CIBERONC, University of Salamanca-CSIC, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.S.); (J.M.P.)
| | - Rocío Fuentes-Mateos
- Mechanisms of Cancer Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer (CIC), Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), University of Salamanca-CSIC, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.M.-V.); (L.F.L.-M.); (N.F.-P.); (R.G.-N.); (N.C.); (R.F.-M.); (X.R.B.)
- Mechanisms of Tumor Progression Program, CIBERONC, University of Salamanca-CSIC, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.S.); (J.M.P.)
| | - Jesús M. Paramio
- Mechanisms of Tumor Progression Program, CIBERONC, University of Salamanca-CSIC, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.S.); (J.M.P.)
- Molecular Oncology Division, CIEMAT and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Xosé R. Bustelo
- Mechanisms of Cancer Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer (CIC), Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), University of Salamanca-CSIC, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.M.-V.); (L.F.L.-M.); (N.F.-P.); (R.G.-N.); (N.C.); (R.F.-M.); (X.R.B.)
- Mechanisms of Tumor Progression Program, CIBERONC, University of Salamanca-CSIC, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.S.); (J.M.P.)
| | - Eugenio Santos
- Mechanisms of Cancer Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer (CIC), Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), University of Salamanca-CSIC, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.M.-V.); (L.F.L.-M.); (N.F.-P.); (R.G.-N.); (N.C.); (R.F.-M.); (X.R.B.)
- Mechanisms of Tumor Progression Program, CIBERONC, University of Salamanca-CSIC, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.S.); (J.M.P.)
- Correspondence: (F.C.B.); (E.S.)
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Amaya Arbeláez MI, de Paula E Silva ACA, Navegante G, Valente V, Barbugli PA, Vergani CE. Proto-Oncogenes and Cell Cycle Gene Expression in Normal and Neoplastic Oral Epithelial Cells Stimulated With Soluble Factors From Single and Dual Biofilms of Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:627043. [PMID: 33718274 PMCID: PMC7947338 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.627043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed at analyzing proto-oncogenic signaling pathway activation in normal oral keratinocytes (NOK-si) and neoplastic cell lines (SCC 25 and Detroit 562) stimulated with metabolites (soluble factors) from single and dual biofilms of Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus. Soluble factors (SF) from early (16-h) and mature (36-h) biofilms of C. albicans and S. aureus were collected and incubated with cell cultures, which were subsequently evaluated using gene expression via RT-qPCR, cell viability via AlamarBlueTM, and flow cytometry cell cycle analysis. In general, exposure to the SF of early and mature biofilms from C. albicans and dual species caused a major reduction in NOK-si cell viability and enhanced the sub G0 phase. This led to a decrease in gene expression. However, in this cell line, SF of S. aureus biofilms upregulated the CDKN1A gene followed by the maintenance of cell viability and a significant increase in the G2/M population. For tumor cells, SCC 25 and Detroit 562, the stimuli of SF biofilms upregulated oncogenes such as hRAS and mTOR, as well as Bcl-2 and CDKN1A. SCC 25 and Detroit 562 cells could survive even after 24 h of stimuli from both SF (early and mature). This occurred without significant changes taking place in the cell cycle progression for SCC 25, and with a significant tendency to increase the G2/M phase for Detroit 562. These results point to the fact that metabolites from prevalent clinical fungal and bacterial biofilms, C. albicans and S. aureus, can disrupt the homeostasis of normal and neoplastic oral epithelial cells. This changes proto-oncogenes’ expression, specifically PI3KCA, hRAS, mTOR, BRAF, and cell cycle genes CDKN1A and Bcl-2, thus causing a disturbance in cell viability, survival, and the cell cycle profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Isabel Amaya Arbeláez
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Alves de Paula E Silva
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Geovana Navegante
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Valeria Valente
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Paula Aboud Barbugli
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, Brazil.,Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Vergani
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, Brazil
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Rojas MA, Ceccarelli S, Gerini G, Vescarelli E, Marini L, Marchese C, Pilloni A. Gene expression profiles of oral soft tissue-derived fibroblast from healing wounds: correlation with clinical outcome, autophagy activation and fibrotic markers expression. J Clin Periodontol 2021; 48:705-720. [PMID: 33527447 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM Our aim was to evaluate gene expression profiling of fibroblasts from human alveolar mucosa (M), buccal attached gingiva (G) and palatal (P) tissues during early wound healing, correlating it with clinical response. MATERIALS AND METHODS M, G and P biopsies were harvested from six patients at baseline and 24 hr after surgery. Clinical response was evaluated through Early wound Healing Score (EHS). Fibrotic markers expression and autophagy were assessed on fibroblasts isolated from those tissues by Western blot and qRT-PCR. Fibroblasts from two patients were subjected to RT2 profiler array, followed by network analysis of the differentially expressed genes. The expression of key genes was validated with qRT-PCR on all patients. RESULTS At 24 hr after surgery, EHS was higher in P and G than in M. In line with our clinical results, no autophagy and myofibroblast differentiation were observed in G and P. We observed significant variations in mRNA expression of key genes: RAC1, SERPINE1 and TIMP1, involved in scar formation; CDH1, ITGA4 and ITGB5, contributing to myofibroblast differentiation; and IL6 and CXCL1, involved in inflammation. CONCLUSIONS We identified some genes involved in periodontal soft tissue clinical outcome, providing novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of oral repair (ClinicalTrial.gov-NCT04202822).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Andrea Rojas
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Section of Periodontics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Ceccarelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Gerini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrica Vescarelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Marini
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Section of Periodontics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Marchese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Pilloni
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Section of Periodontics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Martins MD, Silveira FM, Martins MAT, Almeida LO, Bagnato VS, Squarize CH, Castilho RM. Photobiomodulation therapy drives massive epigenetic histone modifications, stem cells mobilization and accelerated epithelial healing. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2021; 14:e202000274. [PMID: 33025746 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202000274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates the clinical benefits of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) in the management of skin and mucosal wounds. Here, we decided to explore the effects of different regiments of PBMT on epithelial cells and stem cells, and the potential implications over the epigenetic circuitry during healing. Scratch-wound migration, immunofluorescence (anti-acetyl-Histone H3, anti-acetyl-CBP/p300 and anti-BMI1), nuclear morphometry and western blotting (anti-Phospho-S6, anti-methyl-CpG binding domain protein 2 [MBD2]) were performed. Epithelial stem cells were identified by the aldehyde dehydrogenase enzymatic levels and sphere-forming assay. We observed that PBMT-induced accelerated epithelial migration and chromatin relaxation along with increased levels of histones acetylation, the transcription cofactors CBP/p300 and mammalian target of rapamycin. We further observed a reduction of the transcription repression-associated protein MBD2 and a reduced number of epithelial stem cells and spheres. In this study, we showed that PBMT could induce epigenetic modifications of epithelial cells and control stem cell fate, leading to an accelerated healing phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoela D Martins
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Felipe Martins Silveira
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Marco A T Martins
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA/UFRGS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luciana O Almeida
- Laboratory of Tissue Culture, Department of Basic and Oral Biology, University of Sao Paulo School of Dentistry, Ribeirao Preto, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Vanderlei S Bagnato
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiane H Squarize
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Rogerio M Castilho
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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21
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Zemkewicz JL, Akwii RG, Mikelis CM, Doçi CL. Investigating Epidermal Interactions Through an In Vivo Cutaneous Wound-Healing Assay. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2193:1-11. [PMID: 32808253 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0845-6_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous wound healing is an intricate and multifaceted process. Despite these complexities, the distinct phases of wound healing provide a unique opportunity to evaluate the roles of different targets in these coordinated responses. This protocol details an in vivo wound healing assay to study the intersection of cellular, molecular, and systemic effector pathways. The role of certain proteins in the wound healing process can be efficiently explored in vivo through the generation of tissue-specific deficient mice. This approach, although optimized for use with animal models displaying epithelial deficiencies, can be used for other tissue-specific deficiencies, and utilizes simple and cost-effective methods, allowing investigators to precisely devise their experimental design. The coordination of immunological, epithelial, vascular, and microenvironmental factors in wound healing makes this technique a valuable tool for investigators across fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L Zemkewicz
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Marian University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Racheal G Akwii
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Constantinos M Mikelis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Colleen L Doçi
- College of Health Professions, Marian University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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22
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Tang H, Wang X, Zhang M, Yan Y, Huang S, Ji J, Xu J, Zhang Y, Cai Y, Yang B, Lan W, Huang M, Zhang L. MicroRNA-200b/c-3p regulate epithelial plasticity and inhibit cutaneous wound healing by modulating TGF-β-mediated RAC1 signaling. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:931. [PMID: 33122632 PMCID: PMC7596237 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03132-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous wound healing is pivotal for human skin to regain barrier function against pathogens. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been found to play regulatory roles in wound healing. However, the mechanism of miRNA regulation remains largely unknown. In this study, we focused on microRNA-200b/c-3p (miR-200b/c-3p) whose expression was abundant in intact epidermis, but dramatically decreased in skin wounds. In silico prediction identified RAC1 as a potential miR-200b/c-3p target. Luciferase reporter assay confirmed that miR-200b/c-p repressed RAC1 by direct targeting to its mRNA 3′UTR. Consistently, miR-200b/c-3p expression was discordantly related to RAC1 protein level during wound healing. Forced miR-200b/c-3p expression repressed RAC1 and inhibited keratinocyte migration as well as re-epithelialization in a mouse back skin full-thickness wound healing model. Mechanistically, miR-200b/c-3p modulated RAC1 to inhibit cell migration by repressing lamellipodia formation and intercellular adhesion dissolution in keratinocytes. Furthermore, we found that TGF-β1, which was highly expressed in skin wounds, contributed to the downregulation of miR-200b/c-3p in wound edge keratinocytes. Taken together, miR-200b/c-3p-mediated RAC1 repression inhibited keratinocyte migration to delay re-epithelialization. TGF-β1 induction attenuated miR-200b/c-3p regulation of RAC1 signaling in cutaneous wounds and the repression of miR-200b/c-3p accelerated keratinocyte migration to promote wound healing. Our data provide new insight into how miR-200b/c-3p affects keratinocyte migration and highlight the potential of miR-200b/c-3p targeting for accelerating wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyi Tang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueer Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Yan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Simin Huang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahao Ji
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinfu Xu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijia Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjie Cai
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bobo Yang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqi Lan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Mianbo Huang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Effects of RAC1 on Proliferation of Hen Ovarian Prehierarchical Follicle Granulosa Cells. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10091589. [PMID: 32899947 PMCID: PMC7552126 DOI: 10.3390/ani10091589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The growth and development of ovary follicles is an intricate, highly organized process involving many local intra-ovarian factors. Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate1 (RAC1) is speculated to be associated with prehierarchical follicle development of hen ovaries. The current study initially revealed RAC1 mRNA to be expressed in varied-size follicles and stroma and its expression levels in the prehierarchical follicles of 1.0–3.9 mm, 6.0–6.9 mm and 7.0–8.0 mm in diameter were remarkably higher than the other groups. Moreover, RAC1 protein was mainly expressed in the oocytes and granulosa cells (GC), as well as in stromal tissues of the follicles. To understand the exact roles of the RAC1 gene in regulation of follicular GC proliferation and differentiation, siRNA interference and overexpression of the RAC1 gene were conducted. Our experiments demonstrated that the RAC1 gene can significantly promote the expression of mRNA and proteins of FSHR, CCND2, CYP11A1, PCNA and StAR genes in GC and directly elevate the proliferation of GC in vitro. These results indicated RAC1 played a crucial role in regulation of GC proliferation and differentiation and steroidogenesis during the development of prehierarchical follicles. This study provided a base for elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying the biological effect of RAC1 on the hen ovary follicle growth and development. Abstract RAC1 belongs to the small G protein Rho subfamily and is implicated in regulating gene expression, cell proliferation and differentiation in mammals and humans; nevertheless, the function of RAC1 in growth and development of hen ovarian follicles is still unclear. This study sought to understand the biological effects of RAC1 on granulosa cell (GC) proliferation and differentiation of hen ovarian prehierarchical follicles. Firstly, our results showed expression levels of RAC1 mRNA in the follicles with diameters of 7.0–8.0 mm, 6.0–6.9 mm and 1.0–3.9 mm were greater than other follicles (p < 0.05). The RAC1 protein was mainly expressed in oocyte and its around GCs and stromal tissues of the prehierarchical follicles by immunohistochemistry. Further investigation revealed the RAC1 gene remarkably enhanced the mRNA and protein expression levels of FSHR (a marker of follicle selection), CCND2 (a marker of cell-cycle progression and GC differentiation), PCNA (a marker of GC proliferation), StAR and CYP11A1 (markers of GC differentiation and steroidogenesis) (p < 0.05). Furthermore, our data demonstrated siRNA interference of RAC1 significantly reduced GC proliferation (p < 0.05), while RAC1 gene overexpression enhanced GC proliferation in vitro (p < 0.05). Collectively, this study provided new evidence that the biological effects of RAC1 on GC proliferation, differentiation and steroidogenesis of chicken ovary follicles.
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24
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Synergic effect of OP449 and FTY720 on oral squamous cell carcinoma. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 882:173268. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Modulation of Lipoteichoic Acids and Exopolysaccharides Prevents Streptococcus mutans Biofilm Accumulation. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25092232. [PMID: 32397430 PMCID: PMC7249192 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental caries is a diet–biofilm-dependent disease. Streptococcus mutans contributes to cariogenic biofilms by producing an extracellular matrix rich in exopolysaccharides and acids. The study aimed to determine the effect of topical treatments with compound 1771 (modulates lipoteichoic acid (LTA) metabolism) and myricetin (affects the synthesis of exopolysaccharides) on S. mutans biofilms. In vitro S. mutans UA159 biofilms were grown on saliva-coated hydroxyapatite discs, alternating 0.1% sucrose and 0.5% sucrose plus 1% starch. Twice-daily topical treatments were performed with both agents alone and combined with and without fluoride: compound 1771 (2.6 µg/mL), myricetin (500 µg/mL), 1771 + myricetin, fluoride (250 ppm), 1771 + fluoride, myricetin + fluoride, 1771 + myricetin + fluoride, and vehicle. Biofilms were evaluated via microbiological, biochemical, imaging, and gene expression methods. Compound 1771 alone yielded less viable counts, biomass, exopolysaccharides, and extracellular LTA. Moreover, the combination 1771 + myricetin + fluoride decreased three logs of bacterium counts, 60% biomass, >74% exopolysaccharides, and 20% LTA. The effect of treatments on extracellular DNA was not pronounced. The combination strategy affected the size of microcolonies and exopolysaccharides distribution and inhibited the expression of genes linked to insoluble exopolysaccharides synthesis. Therefore, compound 1771 prevented the accumulation of S. mutans biofilm; however, the effect was more pronounced when it was associated with fluoride and myricetin.
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González N, Cardama GA, Chinestrad P, Robles-Valero J, Rodríguez-Fdez S, Lorenzo-Martín LF, Bustelo XR, Lorenzano Menna P, Gomez DE. Computational and in vitro Pharmacodynamics Characterization of 1A-116 Rac1 Inhibitor: Relevance of Trp56 in Its Biological Activity. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:240. [PMID: 32351958 PMCID: PMC7174510 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last years, the development of new drugs in oncology has evolved notably. In particular, drug development has shifted from empirical screening of active cytotoxic compounds to molecularly targeted drugs blocking specific biologic pathways that drive cancer progression and metastasis. Using a rational design approach, our group has developed 1A-116 as a promising Rac1 inhibitor, with antitumoral and antimetastatic effects in several types of cancer. Rac1 is over activated in a wide range of tumor types and and it is one of the most studied proteins of the Rho GTPase family. Its role in actin cytoskeleton reorganization has effects on endocytosis, vesicular trafficking, cell cycle progression and cellular migration. In this context, the regulatory activity of Rac1 affects several key processes in the course of the cancer including invasion and metastasis. The purpose of this preclinical study was to focus on the mode of action of 1A-116, conducting an interdisciplinary approach with in silico bioinformatics tools and in vitro assays. Here, we demonstrate that the tryptophan 56 residue is necessary for the inhibitory effects of 1A-116 since this compound interferes with protein-protein interactions (PPI) of Rac1GTPase involving several GEF activators. 1A-116 is also able to inhibit the oncogenic Rac1P29S mutant protein, one of the oncogenic drivers found in sun-exposed melanoma. It also inhibits numerous Rac1-regulated cellular processes such as membrane ruffling and lamellipodia formation. These results deepen our knowledge of 1A-116 inhibition of Rac1 and its biological impact on cancer progression. They also represent a good example of how in silico analyses represent a valuable approach for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazareno González
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National University of Quilmes, Bernal, Argentina
| | - Georgina A Cardama
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National University of Quilmes, Bernal, Argentina.,National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patricio Chinestrad
- Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, National University of Quilmes, Bernal, Argentina
| | - Javier Robles-Valero
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CSIC-University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Sonia Rodríguez-Fdez
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CSIC-University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - L Francisco Lorenzo-Martín
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CSIC-University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Xosé R Bustelo
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CSIC-University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Pablo Lorenzano Menna
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, National University of Quilmes, Bernal, Argentina
| | - Daniel E Gomez
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National University of Quilmes, Bernal, Argentina.,National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Nascimento-Filho CHV, Silveira EJD, Goloni-Bertollo EM, de Souza LB, Squarize CH, Castilho RM. Skin wound healing triggers epigenetic modifications of histone H4. J Transl Med 2020; 18:138. [PMID: 32216808 PMCID: PMC7098159 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02303-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The skin is the largest organ of the human body. Upon injury, the skin triggers a sequence of signaling pathways that induce epithelial proliferation, migration, and ultimately, the re-establishment of the epithelial barrier. Our study explores the unknown epigenetic regulations of wound healing from a histone perspective. Posttranslational modifications of histones enhance chromatin accessibility and modify gene transcription. METHODS Full-thickness wounds were made in the dorsal skin of twenty-four C57/B6 mice (C57BL/6J), followed by the use of ring-shaped silicone splints to prevent wound contraction. Tissue samples were collected at three time points (post-operatory day 1, 4, and 9), and processed for histology. Immunofluorescence was performed in all-time points using markers for histone H4 acetylation at lysines K5, K8, K12, and K16. RESULTS We found well-defined histone modifications associated with the stages of healing. Most exciting, we showed that the epidermis located at a distance from the wound demonstrated changes in histone acetylation, particularly the deacetylation of histone H4K5, H4K8, and H4K16, and hyperacetylation of H4K12. The epidermis adjacent to the wound revealed the deacetylation of H4K5 and H4K8 and hyperacetylation of H4K12. Conversely, the migratory epithelium (epithelial tongue) displayed significant acetylation of H4K5 and H4K12. The H4K5 and H4K8 were decreased in the newly formed epidermis, which continued to display high levels of H4K12 and H4K16. CONCLUSIONS This study profiles the changes in histone H4 acetylation in response to injury. In addition to the epigenetic changes found in the healing tissue, these changes also took place in tissues adjacent and distant to the wound. Furthermore, not only deacetylation but also hyperacetylation occurred during tissue repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos H V Nascimento-Filho
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ericka J D Silveira
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Oral Pathology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Eny M Goloni-Bertollo
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Research Unit, Department of Molecular Biology, School of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Lelia Batista de Souza
- Department of Oral Pathology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Cristiane H Squarize
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. .,Michigan Medicine Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Rogerio M Castilho
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. .,Michigan Medicine Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Pimentel BNADS, de Foggi CC, Barbugli PA, de Oliveira RC, de Avila ED, Longo E, Vergani CE. Antifungal activity and biocompatibility of α-AgVO3 microcrystals: A promising material against oral Candida disease. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 108:110405. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Effect of the aging of titanium and zirconia abutment surfaces on the viability, adhesion, and proliferation of cells and the adhesion of microorganisms. J Prosthet Dent 2019; 122:564.e1-564.e10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2019.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Ribeiro SM, Fratucelli ÉDO, Bueno PCP, de Castro MKV, Francisco AA, Cavalheiro AJ, Klein MI. Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of Casearia sylvestris extracts from distinct Brazilian biomes against Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans. Altern Ther Health Med 2019; 19:308. [PMID: 31718633 PMCID: PMC6852947 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2717-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Dental caries is a biofilm-diet-dependent worldwide public health problem, and approaches against microorganisms in cariogenic biofilms are necessary. Methods The antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of 12 Casearia sylvestris extracts (0.50 mg/mL) from different Brazilian biomes (Atlantic Forest, Cerrado, Caatinga, Pampa, and Pantanal) and varieties (sylvestris, lingua, and intermediate) were tested against two species found in cariogenic biofilms (Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans). The extracts effective against S. mutans were used to evaluate the "adhesion strength" of this bacterium to the salivary pellicle and initial glucan matrix and the S. mutans-GtfB activity. Also, the antimicrobial activity against S. mutans of three fractions (methanol, ethyl acetate, and hexane; 0.25 mg/mL) from the extracts was evaluated. Results Three extracts from the Atlantic Forest variety sylvestris (FLO/SC, GUA/CE, PRE/SP) reduced ≥50% (> 3 logs) S. mutans viable population (p < 0.0001 vs. vehicle), while two extracts from the same biome and variety (PAC/CE, PRE/SP) decreased ≥50% of the viable counts of C. albicans (p < 0.0001 vs. vehicle). For S. mutans biofilms, three extracts (GUA/CE, PAC/CE, PRE/SP) reduced the biomass by ≥91% (p > 0.0001 vs. vehicle) and 100% of the microbial population (p < 0.0001 vs. vehicle). However, for the fungal biofilm, two extracts (PAC/CE, PRE/SP) reduced the viable counts by ≥52% (p < 0.0001 vs. vehicle), but none reduced biomass. The extracts with higher antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities presented higher content of clerodane-type diterpenes and lower content of glycosylated flavonoids than the less active extracts. The extracts had no effect on the removal of cells adhered to the pellicle (p > 0.05 vs. vehicle) while promoted the detachment of a larger number of S. mutans cells from GtfB-glucan matrix (p < 0.0031 vs. vehicle), and FLO/SC, GUA/CE and PRE/SP reduced the quantity of glucans (p < 0.0136 vs. vehicle). Only the ethyl acetate fractions reduced the microbial population of S. mutans (p < 0.0001 vs. vehicle), except for one (PAC/CE). Among the ethyl acetate fractions, three from var. lingua (two from Cerrado, and one from Cerrado/Caatinga) reduced ≥83% of the microbial population. Conclusions C. sylvestris extracts from Atlantic Forest var. sylvestris and ethyl acetate fractions from Cerrado and Cerrado/Caatinga var. lingua may be used as a strategy against cariogenic microorganisms.
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Aljagthmi AA, Hill NT, Cooke M, Kazanietz MG, Abba MC, Long W, Kadakia MP. ΔNp63α suppresses cells invasion by downregulating PKCγ/Rac1 signaling through miR-320a. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:680. [PMID: 31515469 PMCID: PMC6742631 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1921-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
ΔNp63α, a member of the p53 family of transcription factors, is overexpressed in a number of cancers and plays a role in proliferation, differentiation, migration, and invasion. ΔNp63α has been shown to regulate several microRNAs that are involved in development and cancer. We identified miRNA miR-320a as a positively regulated target of ΔNp63α. Previous studies have shown that miR-320a is downregulated in colorectal cancer and targets the small GTPase Rac1, leading to a reduction in noncanonical WNT signaling and EMT, thereby inhibiting tumor metastasis and invasion. We showed that miR-320a is a direct target of ΔNp63α. Knockdown of ΔNp63α in HaCaT and A431 cells downregulates miR-320a levels and leads to a corresponding elevation in PKCγ transcript and protein levels. Rac1 phosphorylation at Ser71 was increased in the absence of ΔNp63α, whereas overexpression of ΔNp63α reversed S71 phosphorylation of Rac1. Moreover, increased PKCγ levels, Rac1 phosphorylation and cell invasion observed upon knockdown of ΔNp63α was reversed by either overexpressing miR-320a mimic or Rac1 silencing. Finally, silencing PKCγ or treatment with the PKC inhibitor Gö6976 reversed increased Rac1 phosphorylation and cell invasion observed upon silencing ΔNp63α. Taken together, our data suggest that ΔNp63α positively regulates miR-320a, thereby inhibiting PKCγ expression, Rac1 phosphorylation, and cancer invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjad A Aljagthmi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, 3640 Colonel Glenn Highway, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA
| | - Natasha T Hill
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, 3640 Colonel Glenn Highway, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA
| | - Mariana Cooke
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Marcelo G Kazanietz
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Martín C Abba
- Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CP1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Weiwen Long
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, 3640 Colonel Glenn Highway, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA
| | - Madhavi P Kadakia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, 3640 Colonel Glenn Highway, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA.
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Dietrich J, Roth M, König S, Geerling G, Mertsch S, Schrader S. Analysis of lacrimal gland derived mesenchymal stem cell secretome and its impact on epithelial cell survival. Stem Cell Res 2019; 38:101477. [PMID: 31181482 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2019.101477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In situ regeneration of lacrimal gland (LG) tissue would be a promising approach to curatively treat dry eye disease (DED). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) exhibit therapeutic effects in a variety of pathological conditions and our group recently reported that their number increases in regenerating mouse LG. Since the therapeutic effects are suggested to arise from secreted trophic factors, the application of MSC-secreted proteins seems to be a promising approach to induce/enhance LG regeneration. Therefore, this study aims to optimize the isolation of murine LG-MSC and analyze their secretome to investigate its potential for LG epithelial cell survival in vitro. For optimization, LG-MSC were isolated by an explant technique or cell sorting and their secretome was investigated under normal and inflammatory conditions. Results showed that the secretome of MSC had beneficial effects on the viability of ethanol-damaged LG epithelial cells. Additional, Lipocalin-2, prosaposin, ras GTPase-activating protein-binding protein 1 (Rac1) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), proteins that were up-regulated under inflammatory conditions, further improved the cell survival of ethanol-damaged LG epithelial cells. Interestingly, recovery of cell viability was highest, when the cells were incubated with STAT1. Summarizing, this study identified promising proteins for further studies on LG regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Dietrich
- Laboratory of Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, Pius Hospital, University of Oldenburg, 26121 Oldenburg, Germany.
| | - Mathias Roth
- Laboratory of Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Simone König
- Core Unit Proteomics, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Gerd Geerling
- Laboratory of Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Sonja Mertsch
- Laboratory of Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, Pius Hospital, University of Oldenburg, 26121 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Schrader
- Laboratory of Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, Pius Hospital, University of Oldenburg, 26121 Oldenburg, Germany
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Lee SH, Kieu C, Martin CE, Han J, Chen W, Kim JS, Kang MK, Kim RH, Park NH, Kim Y, Shin KH. NFATc3 plays an oncogenic role in oral/oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas by promoting cancer stemness via expression of OCT4. Oncotarget 2019; 10:2306-2319. [PMID: 31040921 PMCID: PMC6481346 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFATc1-c4), a family of transcription factors, is involved in many biological processes by regulating various downstream target genes. However, their role in cancer progression remains controversial. We here report that NFATc3 is the dominant isoform of NFAT in human oral epithelial cells, and its expression was increased in a stepwise manner during the progression of oral/oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). More importantly, NFATc3 was highly enriched in self-renewing cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) of OSCC. Increased expression of NFATc3 was required for the maintenance of CSC self-renewal, as NFATc3 inhibition suppressed tumor sphere formation in OSCC cells. Conversely, ectopic NFATc3 expression in non-tumorigenic immortalized oral epithelial cells resulted in the acquisition of self-renewal and increase in CSC phenotype, such as enhanced ALDH1HIGH cell population, mobility and drug resistance, indicating the functional role of NFATc3 in the maintenance of CSC phenotype. NFATc3 expression also converted the non-tumorigenic oral epithelial cells to malignant phenotypes. Mechanistic investigations further reveal that NFATc3 binds to the promoter of OCT4, a stemness transcription factor, for its activation, thereby promoting CSC phenotype. Moreover, suppression of OCT4 abrogated CSC phenotype in the cell with ectopic NFATc3 overexpression and OSCC, and ectopic OCT4 expression sufficiently induced CSC phenotype. Our study indicates that NFATc3 plays an important role in the maintenance of cancer stemness and OSCC progression via novel NFATc3-OCT4 axis, suggesting that this axis may be a potential therapeutic target for OSCC CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hee Lee
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles 90095, CA, USA
| | - Calvin Kieu
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles 90095, CA, USA
| | - Charlotte Ellen Martin
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles 90095, CA, USA
| | - Jiho Han
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles 90095, CA, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles 90095, CA, USA
| | - Jin Seok Kim
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Cancer Epigenetics, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles 90095, CA, USA
| | - Mo K Kang
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles 90095, CA, USA.,UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles 90095, CA, USA
| | - Reuben H Kim
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles 90095, CA, USA.,UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles 90095, CA, USA
| | - No-Hee Park
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles 90095, CA, USA.,UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles 90095, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles 90095, CA, USA
| | - Yong Kim
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Cancer Epigenetics, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles 90095, CA, USA.,UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles 90095, CA, USA.,UCLA Broad Stem Cell Research Center, Box 957357, Los Angeles 90095, CA, USA
| | - Ki-Hyuk Shin
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles 90095, CA, USA.,UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles 90095, CA, USA
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Lam-Ubol A, Fitzgerald AL, Ritdej A, Phonyiam T, Zhang H, Myers JN, Huang P, Trachootham D. Sensory acceptable equivalent doses of β-phenylethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) induce cell cycle arrest and retard the growth of p53 mutated oral cancer in vitro and in vivo. Food Funct 2018; 9:3640-3656. [PMID: 29923573 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo00865e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
High doses of β-phenylethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), a phytochemical in cruciferous vegetables, are not feasible for consumption due to a strong mouth-tingling effect. This study investigated the anti-cancer effect of PEITC at sensory acceptable doses. In vitro, PEITC was selectively toxic to oral cancer cells (CAL-27, FaDu, SCC4, SCC 9, SCC15, SCC25 and TU138), compared to oral keratinocytes (OKF6/TERT2 and NOK/Si). In vivo, 5 and 10 mg kg-1 PEITC, equivalent to human organoleptically acceptable doses, retarded tumor growth and prolonged the survival of mice bearing p53-mutated oral cancer cells - TU138 xenograft. Mechanistically, PEITC induced ROS accumulation, nuclear translocation of p53 and p21 and G1/S cell cycle arrest in vitro; increased p53 and 8-oxo-dG levels; and decreased Ki-67 intense/mild staining ratios without TUNEL changes in vivo. These findings suggested that the sensory acceptable doses of PEITC selectively induced ROS-mediated cell cycle arrest leading to delayed tumor progression and extended survival. PEITC could be a functional ingredient for oral cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aroonwan Lam-Ubol
- Faculty of Dentistry, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand 10110
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Bierbaumer L, Schwarze UY, Gruber R, Neuhaus W. Cell culture models of oral mucosal barriers: A review with a focus on applications, culture conditions and barrier properties. Tissue Barriers 2018; 6:1479568. [PMID: 30252599 PMCID: PMC6389128 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2018.1479568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the function of oral mucosal epithelial barriers is essential for a plethora of research fields such as tumor biology, inflammation and infection diseases, microbiomics, pharmacology, drug delivery, dental and biomarker research. The barrier properties are comprised by a physical, a transport and a metabolic barrier, and all these barrier components play pivotal roles in the communication between saliva and blood. The sum of all epithelia of the oral cavity and salivary glands is defined as the blood-saliva barrier. The functionality of the barrier is regulated by its microenvironment and often altered during diseases. A huge array of cell culture models have been developed to mimic specific parts of the blood-saliva barrier, but no ultimate standard in vitro models have been established. This review provides a comprehensive overview about developed in vitro models of oral mucosal barriers, their applications, various cultivation protocols and corresponding barrier properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Bierbaumer
- a Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, Center Health and Bioresources, Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT) GmbH , Vienna , Austria
| | - Uwe Yacine Schwarze
- b Department of Oral Biology , School of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria.,c Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration , Vienna , Austria
| | - Reinhard Gruber
- b Department of Oral Biology , School of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria.,c Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration , Vienna , Austria.,d Department of Periodontology , School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern , Bern , Switzerland
| | - Winfried Neuhaus
- a Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, Center Health and Bioresources, Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT) GmbH , Vienna , Austria
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Differential Role of the RasGEFs Sos1 and Sos2 in Mouse Skin Homeostasis and Carcinogenesis. Mol Cell Biol 2018; 38:MCB.00049-18. [PMID: 29844066 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00049-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Using Sos1 knockout (Sos1-KO), Sos2-KO, and Sos1/2 double-knockout (Sos1/2-DKO) mice, we assessed the functional role of Sos1 and Sos2 in skin homeostasis under physiological and/or pathological conditions. Sos1 depletion resulted in significant alterations of skin homeostasis, including reduced keratinocyte proliferation, altered hair follicle and blood vessel integrity in dermis, and reduced adipose tissue in hypodermis. These defects worsened significantly when both Sos1 and Sos2 were absent. Simultaneous Sos1/2 disruption led to severe impairment of the ability to repair skin wounds, as well as to almost complete ablation of the neutrophil-mediated inflammatory response in the injury site. Furthermore, Sos1 disruption delayed the onset of tumor initiation, decreased tumor growth, and prevented malignant progression of papillomas in a DMBA (7,12-dimethylbenz[α]anthracene)/TPA (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate)-induced skin carcinogenesis model. Finally, Sos1 depletion in preexisting chemically induced papillomas resulted also in decreased tumor growth, probably linked to significantly reduced underlying keratinocyte proliferation. Our data unveil novel, distinctive mechanistic roles of Sos 1 and Sos2 in physiological control of skin homeostasis and wound repair, as well as in pathological development of chemically induced skin tumors. These observations underscore the essential role of Sos proteins in cellular proliferation and migration and support the consideration of these RasGEFs as potential biomarkers/therapy targets in Ras-driven epidermal tumors.
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de Carvalho Dias K, de Sousa DL, Barbugli PA, Cerri PS, Salih VM, Vergani CE. Development and characterization of a 3D oral mucosa model as a tool for host-pathogen interactions. J Microbiol Methods 2018; 152:52-60. [PMID: 30017850 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to (i) design, develop and validate a practical and physiologically relevant reconstituted in vitro oral mucosa tissue model and (ii) to assess its applicability in in vitro host-pathogen interactions with C. albicans and S. aureus. Co-culture organotypic constructions were created by incorporating specific numbers of keratinocytes (NOK-si) onto cellularised, collagen gel scaffolds containing human gingival fibroblasts incubated in KGM media and cultured for 14 days. The detection of the appropriate oral mucosa/epithelial structure was evaluated by histology (hematoxylin and eosin (HE), periodic acid-Schiff (P.A.S.) and Picrosirius red), and immunocytochemistry (cytokeratin 13, cytokeratin 14, Ki-67 and collagen IV) compared to a normal human gingiva. The morphology of the reconstituted tissue was analyzed by Transmission Electron Microscopy. To further quantitate tissue damage, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was measured in the tissue supernatant. NOK-si grown upon a gingival scaffold provided an organotypic model in an in vitro setting and exhibited structural characteristics typically associated with normal oral mucosa. Immunocytochemistry revealed the detection of epithelial cytokeratins 13 and 14, Col IV and Ki-67 in the reconstituted oral mucosa model. Infection was detected after 8 h and 16 h. This study presents an in vitro cellularised, organotypic model of reconstituted oral mucosa, which enables close control and characterization of its structure and differentiation over a mid-length period of time in culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kássia de Carvalho Dias
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Oral Rehabilitation Program, Araraquara School of Dentistry UNESP, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Centro, 14801903 Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - Denise Lins de Sousa
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Oral Rehabilitation Program, Araraquara School of Dentistry UNESP, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Centro, 14801903 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Paula Aboud Barbugli
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Oral Rehabilitation Program, Araraquara School of Dentistry UNESP, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Centro, 14801903 Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Sérgio Cerri
- Department of Morphology, Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Araraquara School of Dentistry UNESP, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - Vehid Max Salih
- Plymouth University, Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, UK.
| | - Carlos Eduardo Vergani
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Oral Rehabilitation Program, Araraquara School of Dentistry UNESP, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Centro, 14801903 Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
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Fan B, Wang T, Bian L, Jian Z, Wang DD, Li F, Wu F, Bai T, Zhang G, Muller N, Holwerda B, Han G, Wang XJ. Topical Application of Tat-Rac1 Promotes Cutaneous Wound Healing in Normal and Diabetic Mice. Int J Biol Sci 2018; 14:1163-1174. [PMID: 30123066 PMCID: PMC6097474 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.25920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The endogenous small GTPase, Rac1, plays a critical role during normal skin wound healing. It remains to be determined whether endogenous Rac1 can be appropriately activated in chronic wounds; if not, whether exogenous Rac1 has therapeutic effects on wound healing. Here we show that Rac1 protein levels were lower in wounds of db/db diabetic mice than wounds in wild type mice during the healing process. To assess the therapeutic potential of exogenous Rac1 in wound healing, we produced a Tat-Rac1 fusion protein that enters into cells through protein transduction. Tat-Rac1 increased proliferation and migration of keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts in vitro. Topical application of Tat-Rac1 accelerated cutaneous wound closure in vivo in db/db mice as well as wild type mice. Further analyses revealed that Tat-Rac1 had faster re-epithelialization, higher keratinocyte proliferation and migration without an earlier onset of myofibroblast activation than vehicle treated wounds. Tat-Rac1 also reduced inflammation in wounds. Our findings revealed the failure of diabetic wounds to elevate Rac1 expression and suggested a therapeutic strategy utilizing a Rac1-based biologic to compensate for this defect thereby promoting wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Fan
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Current address: Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Current address: Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Bian
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Jian
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Current address: Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China
| | - Dongyan D. Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Fulun Li
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Current address: Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fanglong Wu
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Tao Bai
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Gongyi Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, CO, USA
| | - Nik Muller
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Gangwen Han
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Current address: Department of Dermatology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Aurora, CO, USA
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Liu Z, Zhang QB, Bu C, Wang D, Yu K, Gan Z, Chang J, Cheng Z, Liu Z. Quantitative Dynamics of Proteome, Acetylome, and Succinylome during Stem-Cell Differentiation into Hepatocyte-like Cells. J Proteome Res 2018; 17:2491-2498. [PMID: 29882676 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Stem-cell differentiation is a complex biological process controlled by a series of functional protein clusters and signaling transductions, especially metabolism-related pathways. Although previous studies have quantified the proteome and phosphoproteome for stem-cell differentiation, the investigation of acylation-mediated regulation is still absent. In this study, we quantitatively profiled the proteome, acetylome, and succinylome in pluripotent human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and differentiated hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs). In total, 3843 proteins, 185 acetylation sites in 103 proteins, and 602 succinylation sites in 391 proteins were quantified. The quantitative proteome showed that in differentiated HLCs the TGF-β, JAK-STAT, and RAS signaling pathways were activated, whereas ECM-related processes such as sulfates and leucine degradation were depressed. Interestingly, it was observed that the acetylation and succinylation were more intensive in hESCs, whereas protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum and the carbon metabolic pathways were especially highly succinylated. Because the metabolism patterns in pluripotent hESCs and the differentiated HLCs were different, we proposed that the dynamic acylations, especially succinylation, might regulate the Warburg-like effect and TCA cycle during differentiation. Taken together, we systematically profiled the protein and acylation levels of regulation in pluripotent hESCs and differentiated HLCs, and the results indicated the important roles of acylation in pluripotency maintenance and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zekun Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China , Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine , Guangzhou 510060 , China
| | - Qing-Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease , Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou 510140 , China
| | - Chen Bu
- Jingjie PTM BioLabs (Hangzhou), Co. Ltd. , Hangzhou 310018 , China
| | - Dawei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery , China Meitan General Hospital , Beijing 100028 , China
| | - Kai Yu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China , Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine , Guangzhou 510060 , China
| | - Zhixue Gan
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology , Tongji University , Shanghai 200092 , China
| | - Jianfeng Chang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology , Tongji University , Shanghai 200092 , China
| | - Zhongyi Cheng
- Jingjie PTM BioLabs (Hangzhou), Co. Ltd. , Hangzhou 310018 , China
| | - Zexian Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China , Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine , Guangzhou 510060 , China
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Age-Associated Differences in Infection of Human Skin in the SCID Mouse Model of Varicella-Zoster Virus Pathogenesis. J Virol 2018; 92:JVI.00002-18. [PMID: 29563288 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00002-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is the skin-tropic human alphaherpesvirus responsible for both varicella-zoster and herpes zoster. Varicella-zoster and herpes zoster skin lesions have similar morphologies, but herpes zoster occurs disproportionally in older individuals and is often associated with a more extensive local rash and severe zoster-related neuralgia. We hypothesized that skin aging could also influence the outcome of the anterograde axonal transport of VZV to skin. We utilized human skin xenografts maintained in immunodeficient (SCID) mice to study VZV-induced skin pathology in vivo in fetal and adult skin xenografts. Here we found that VZV replication is enhanced in skin from older compared to younger adults, correlating with clinical observations. In addition to measures of VZV infection, we examined the expression of type I interferon (IFN) pathway components in adult skin and investigated elements of the cutaneous proliferative and inflammatory response to VZV infection in vivo Our results demonstrated that VZV infection of adult skin triggers intrinsic IFN-mediated responses such as we have described in VZV-infected fetal skin xenografts, including MxA as well as promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML), in skin cells surrounding lesions. Further, we observed that VZV elicited altered cell signaling and proliferative and inflammatory responses that are involved in wound healing, driven by follicular stem cells. These cellular changes are consistent with VZV-induced activation of STAT3 and suggest that VZV exploits the wound healing process to ensure efficient delivery of the virus to keratinocytes. Adult skin xenografts offer an approach to further investigate VZV-induced skin pathologies in vivoIMPORTANCE Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is the agent responsible for both varicella-zoster and herpes zoster. Herpes zoster occurs disproportionally in older individuals and is often associated with a more extensive local rash and severe zoster-related neuralgia. To examine the effect of skin aging on VZV skin lesions, we utilized fetal and adult human skin xenografts maintained in immunodeficient (SCID) mice. We measured VZV-induced skin pathology, examined the expression of type I interferon (IFN) pathway components in adult skin, and investigated elements of the cutaneous proliferative and inflammatory response to VZV infection in vivo Our results demonstrate that characteristics of aging skin are preserved in xenografts; that VZV replication is enhanced in skin from older compared to younger adults, correlating with clinical observations; and that VZV infection elicits altered cell signaling and inflammatory responses. Adult skin xenografts offer an approach to further investigate VZV-induced skin pathologies in vivo.
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Xu C, Nikolova O, Basom RS, Mitchell RM, Shaw R, Moser RD, Park H, Gurley KE, Kao MC, Green CL, Schaub FX, Diaz RL, Swan HA, Jang IS, Guinney J, Gadi VK, Margolin AA, Grandori C, Kemp CJ, Méndez E. Functional Precision Medicine Identifies Novel Druggable Targets and Therapeutic Options in Head and Neck Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:2828-2843. [PMID: 29599409 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-1339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide, with high mortality and a lack of targeted therapies. To identify and prioritize druggable targets, we performed genome analysis together with genome-scale siRNA and oncology drug profiling using low-passage tumor cells derived from a patient with treatment-resistant HPV-negative HNSCC.Experimental Design: A tumor cell culture was established and subjected to whole-exome sequencing, RNA sequencing, comparative genome hybridization, and high-throughput phenotyping with a siRNA library covering the druggable genome and an oncology drug library. Secondary screens of candidate target genes were performed on the primary tumor cells and two nontumorigenic keratinocyte cell cultures for validation and to assess cancer specificity. siRNA screens of the kinome on two isogenic pairs of p53-mutated HNSCC cell lines were used to determine generalizability. Clinical utility was addressed by performing drug screens on two additional HNSCC cell cultures derived from patients enrolled in a clinical trial.Results: Many of the identified copy number aberrations and somatic mutations in the primary tumor were typical of HPV(-) HNSCC, but none pointed to obvious therapeutic choices. In contrast, siRNA profiling identified 391 candidate target genes, 35 of which were preferentially lethal to cancer cells, most of which were not genomically altered. Chemotherapies and targeted agents with strong tumor-specific activities corroborated the siRNA profiling results and included drugs that targeted the mitotic spindle, the proteasome, and G2-M kinases WEE1 and CHK1 We also show the feasibility of ex vivo drug profiling for patients enrolled in a clinical trial.Conclusions: High-throughput phenotyping with siRNA and drug libraries using patient-derived tumor cells prioritizes mutated driver genes and identifies novel drug targets not revealed by genomic profiling. Functional profiling is a promising adjunct to DNA sequencing for precision oncology. Clin Cancer Res; 24(12); 2828-43. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Olga Nikolova
- Computational Biology Program, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Ryan S Basom
- Shared Resources, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Ryan M Mitchell
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Russell D Moser
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Heuijoon Park
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Kay E Gurley
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Michael C Kao
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Carlos L Green
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | | | | | | | - In S Jang
- Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Vijayakrishna K Gadi
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.,Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, Washington
| | - Adam A Margolin
- Computational Biology Program, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | | | - Christopher J Kemp
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.
| | - Eduardo Méndez
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.,Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, Washington
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42
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Torres P, Castro M, Reyes M, Torres VA. Histatins, wound healing, and cell migration. Oral Dis 2018; 24:1150-1160. [PMID: 29230909 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Wounds in the oral mucosa heal faster and more efficiently than those in the skin, although the mechanisms underlying these differences are not completely clear. In the last 10 years, a group of salivary peptides, the histatins, has gained attention on behalf of their ability to improve several phases of the wound-healing process. In addition to their roles as anti-microbial agents and in enamel maintenance, histatins elicit other biological effects, namely by promoting the migration of different cell types contained in the oral mucosa and in non-oral tissues. Histatins, and specifically histatin-1, promote cell adhesion and migration in oral keratinocytes, gingival and dermal fibroblasts, non-oral epithelial cells, and endothelial cells. This is particularly relevant, as histatin-1 promotes the re-epithelialization phase and the angiogenic responses by increasing epithelial and endothelial cell migration. Although the molecular mechanisms associated with histatin-dependent cell migration remain poorly understood, recent studies have pointed to the control of signaling endosomes and the balance of small GTPases. This review aimed to update the literature on the effects of histatins in cell migration, with a focus on wound healing. We will also discuss the consequences that this increasing field will have in disease and therapy design.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Torres
- Faculty of Dentistry, Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - M Castro
- Faculty of Dentistry, Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - M Reyes
- Faculty of Dentistry, Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - V A Torres
- Faculty of Dentistry, Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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43
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Irwandi RA, Khonsuphap P, Limlawan P, Vacharaksa A. miR‐302a‐3p regulates RANKL expression in human mandibular osteoblast‐like cells. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:4372-4381. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rizky A. Irwandi
- Research Unit on Oral Microbiology and ImmunologyFaculty of DentistryChulalongkorn UniversityBangkokThailand
- Department of MicrobiologyFaculty of DentistryChulalongkorn UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Pakchisa Khonsuphap
- Research Unit on Oral Microbiology and ImmunologyFaculty of DentistryChulalongkorn UniversityBangkokThailand
- Department of MicrobiologyFaculty of DentistryChulalongkorn UniversityBangkokThailand
- Research Unit of Mineralized TissueFaculty of DentistryChulalongkorn UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Pirawish Limlawan
- Research Unit on Oral Microbiology and ImmunologyFaculty of DentistryChulalongkorn UniversityBangkokThailand
- Department of MicrobiologyFaculty of DentistryChulalongkorn UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Anjalee Vacharaksa
- Research Unit on Oral Microbiology and ImmunologyFaculty of DentistryChulalongkorn UniversityBangkokThailand
- Department of MicrobiologyFaculty of DentistryChulalongkorn UniversityBangkokThailand
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44
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Almeida LO, Neto MPC, Sousa LO, Tannous MA, Curti C, Leopoldino AM. SET oncoprotein accumulation regulates transcription through DNA demethylation and histone hypoacetylation. Oncotarget 2018; 8:26802-26818. [PMID: 28460463 PMCID: PMC5432298 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications are essential in the control of normal cellular processes and cancer development. DNA methylation and histone acetylation are major epigenetic modifications involved in gene transcription and abnormal events driving the oncogenic process. SET protein accumulates in many cancer types, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC); SET is a member of the INHAT complex that inhibits gene transcription associating with histones and preventing their acetylation. We explored how SET protein accumulation impacts on the regulation of gene expression, focusing on DNA methylation and histone acetylation. DNA methylation profile of 24 tumour suppressors evidenced that SET accumulation decreased DNA methylation in association with loss of 5-methylcytidine, formation of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and increased TET1 levels, indicating an active DNA demethylation mechanism. However, the expression of some suppressor genes was lowered in cells with high SET levels, suggesting that loss of methylation is not the main mechanism modulating gene expression. SET accumulation also downregulated the expression of 32 genes of a panel of 84 transcription factors, and SET directly interacted with chromatin at the promoter of the downregulated genes, decreasing histone acetylation. Gene expression analysis after cell treatment with 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5-AZA) and Trichostatin A (TSA) revealed that histone acetylation reversed transcription repression promoted by SET. These results suggest a new function for SET in the regulation of chromatin dynamics. In addition, TSA diminished both SET protein levels and SET capability to bind to gene promoter, suggesting that administration of epigenetic modifier agents could be efficient to reverse SET phenotype in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana O Almeida
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.,Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Marinaldo P C Neto
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas O Sousa
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Maryna A Tannous
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Curti
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Andreia M Leopoldino
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.,CEPID-FAPESP, Center for Cell Based Therapy, Hemotherapy Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Abstract
Chromatin decondensation is a key mechanism that guarantees gene transcription and repair of the genome, regulated mainly by the acetylation of histones. Emerging evidence has pointed out to histones as a new controlling mechanism of stem cell maintenance and fate. In this chapter, we will focus on the methods used to enrich tumor cell lines for cancer stem cells, and in the methods to identify the status of the histone acetylation in cancer cells and stem cells using immunofluorescence, invasion, and adhesion assays and identification of nuclear size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Petersen Wagner
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Manoela Domingues Martins
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Rogerio Moraes Castilho
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078, USA.
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Lee SH, Rigas NK, Lee CR, Bang A, Srikanth S, Gwack Y, Kang MK, Kim RH, Park NH, Shin KH. Orai1 promotes tumor progression by enhancing cancer stemness via NFAT signaling in oral/oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 7:43239-43255. [PMID: 27259269 PMCID: PMC5190020 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that Orai1, a key calcium channel for store-operated Ca2+ entry, is associated with human cancer. However, the underlying mechanism by which Orai1 regulates cancer progression remains unknown. Here we report that intracellular level of Orai1 is increased in a stepwise manner during oral/oropharyngeal carcinogenesis and highly expressed in cancer stem-like cell (CSC)-enriched populations of human oral/oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Ectopic Orai1 expression converted non-tumorigenic immortalized oral epithelial cells to malignant cells that showed CSC properties, e.g., self-renewal capacity, increased ALDH1HIGH cell population, increased key stemness transcription factors, and enhanced mobility. Conversely, inhibition of Orai1 suppressed tumorigenicity and CSC phenotype of OSCC, indicating that Orai1 could be an important element for tumorigenicity and stemness of OSCC. Mechanistically, Orai1 activates its major downstream effector molecule, NFATc3. Knockdown of NFATc3 in the Orai1-overexpressing oral epithelial cells abrogates the effect of Orai1 on CSC phenotype. Moreover, antagonist of NFAT signaling also decreases CSC phenotype, implying the functional importance of Orai1/NFAT axis in OSCC CSC regulation. Our study identifies Orai1 as a novel molecular determinant for OSCC progression by enhancing cancer stemness, suggesting that inhibition of Orai1 signaling may offer an effective therapeutic modality against OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hee Lee
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nicole Kristina Rigas
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chang-Ryul Lee
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - April Bang
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sonal Srikanth
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yousang Gwack
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mo K Kang
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Reuben H Kim
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - No-Hee Park
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ki-Hyuk Shin
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Trigo Gutierrez JK, Zanatta GC, Ortega ALM, Balastegui MIC, Sanitá PV, Pavarina AC, Barbugli PA, Mima EGDO. Encapsulation of curcumin in polymeric nanoparticles for antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187418. [PMID: 29107978 PMCID: PMC5673165 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin (CUR) has been used as photosensitizer in antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT). However its poor water solubility, instability, and scarce bioavalibility hinder its in vivo application. The aim of this study was to synthesize curcumin in polymeric nanoparticles (NP) and to evaluate their antimicrobial photodynamic effect and cytoxicity. CUR in anionic and cationic NP was synthesized using polylactic acid and dextran sulfate by the nanoprecipitation method. For cationic NP, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide was added. CUR-NP were characterized by physicochemical properties, photodegradation, encapsulation efficiency and release of curcumin from nanoparticles. CUR-NP was compared with free CUR in 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a photosensitizer for aPDT against planktonic and biofilms (mono-, dual- and triple-species) cultures of Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The cytotoxicity effect of formulations was evaluated on keratinocytes. Data were analysed by parametric (ANOVA) and non-parametric (Kruskal-Wallis) tests (α = 0.05). CUR-NP showed alteration in the physicochemical properties along time, photodegradation similar to free curcumin, encapsulation efficiency up to 67%, and 96% of release after 48h. After aPDT planktonic cultures showed reductions from 0.78 log10 to complete eradication, while biofilms showed no antimicrobial effect or reductions up to 4.44 log10. Anionic CUR-NP showed reduced photoinactivation of biofilms. Cationic CUR-NP showed microbicidal effect even in absence of light. Anionic formulations showed no cytotoxic effect compared with free CUR and cationic CUR-NP and NP. The synthesized formulations improved the water solubility of CUR, showed higher antimicrobial photodynamic effect for planktonic cultures than for biofilms, and the encapsulation of CUR in anionic NP reduced the cytotoxicity of 10% DMSO used for free CUR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffersson Krishan Trigo Gutierrez
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Cristina Zanatta
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Laura Mira Ortega
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Isabella Cuba Balastegui
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paula Volpato Sanitá
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Pavarina
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paula Aboud Barbugli
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ewerton Garcia de Oliveira Mima
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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48
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Dong JY, Song F, Qing C, Lu SL. Histomorphological observation of surgical debridement combined with negative pressure therapy in treatment of diabetic foot. Chin J Traumatol 2017; 20:202-206. [PMID: 28526612 PMCID: PMC5555242 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To further study the mechanism of epithelization on the fascia side of the flap after surgical incision and the treatment of the negative pressure therapy. METHODS With the patients' informed consent, parts of tissue samples were obtained from a 51-year-old diabetic patient who was suffering lower extremity ulcers. The samples were processed with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and Masson trichrome staining. The keratin 19, keratin 15 and carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) were immunohistochemically detected. RESULTS The results of HE staining showed that the specimen was divided into two regions, newborn area and original epithelial area. There were more inflammatory cells infiltrating in the dermis in the newborn epithelial area, compared with the original epithelial area. Cells in newborn epithelial area were more active and many dinuclear and polynuclear cells were observed in newborn epithelial area. But there were more cuticular layers and obvious rete pegs in original epithelial area. In addition, the cells with keratin 19 and CEA positive were found around hair follicle, while keratin 15 was negative. Masson trichrome staining showed that there was a lot of de novo collagen in newborn epithelial area. CONCLUSION Epidermal cells on the fascia side of the flap could be derived from the stem cells. Negative pressure wound therapy would attract not only cells but also other elements such as growth factors, cytokines, some nutrients and extracellular matrix. With the formation of the appropriate microenvironment after debridement, the migrated cells can grow, differentiate and spread, eventually leading to the epithelization on the fascia side of the flap in diabetic foot.
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Sobral LM, Coletta RD, Alberici LC, Curti C, Leopoldino AM. SET/I2PP2A overexpression induces phenotypic, molecular, and metabolic alterations in an oral keratinocyte cell line. FEBS J 2017. [PMID: 28636114 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The multifunctional SET/I2PP2A protein is known to be overexpressed in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. However, SET has been reported to have apparently conflicting roles in promoting cancer cell survival under oxidative stress conditions and preventing invasion and metastasis, complicating efforts to understand the contribution of SET to carcinogenesis. In the present study, we overexpressed SETin a spontaneously immortalized oral keratinocyte cell line (NOK-SI SET) and demonstrated that SET upregulation alone was sufficient to transform cells. In comparison with NOK-SI cells, NOK-SI SET cells demonstrated increased levels of phosphorylated Akt, c-Myc and inactive/phosphorylated Rb, together with decreased total Rb protein levels. In addition, NOK-SI SET cells presented the following: (a) a spindle-cell shape morphology compared with the polygonal morphology of NOK-SI cells; (b) loss of mesenchymal stem cell markers CD44 and CD73, and epithelial cell markers CD71 and integrin α6/β4; (c) the ability to form xenograft tumors in nude mice; and (d) increased mitochondrial respiration accompanied by decreased ROSlevels. Overall, our results show that SEToverexpression promotes morphological and oncogenic cell transformation of an oral keratinocyte cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lays M Sobral
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,CEPID-FAPESP, Center for Cell Based Therapy, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo D Coletta
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciane C Alberici
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Curti
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Andréia M Leopoldino
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,CEPID-FAPESP, Center for Cell Based Therapy, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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50
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Perin Leite AR, de Oliveira Júnior NM, Mendoza Marin DO, Compagnoni MA, Pero AC. Proinflammatory cytokine production from NOK-SI keratinocytes after exposure to denture adhesives. J Prosthet Dent 2017; 119:404-408. [PMID: 28689905 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Although the cytotoxicity of denture adhesives has been widely assessed, data on the release of proinflammatory cytokines from oral epithelial cells are still scarce. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL) 1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) released from human oral keratinocytes after exposure to denture adhesives. MATERIAL AND METHODS Eluates of the Ultra Corega cream, Corega powder Fixador Ultra, and Corega strip denture adhesives were created at 1% wt/vol after 24 hours of exposure in a Dulbecco modified Eagle medium culture. The release of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α was measured using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay after the oral epithelial cells (NOK-SI) had been exposed to the eluates for 3, 6, and 24 hours (n=6). RESULTS IL-1β release from the strip was higher at 3 hours compared with the control (Bonferroni post hoc test, P=.016). IL-6 releases from the cream and powder denture adhesives at 6 and 24 hours were higher than for the controls (Bonferroni post hoc test, P<.05). TNF-α release was not detectable in some groups and periods. CONCLUSIONS In long periods, denture adhesive strips do not induce any change on cytokine release from human oral keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Rosa Perin Leite
- Doctoral student, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Norberto Martins de Oliveira Júnior
- Doctoral student, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Danny Omar Mendoza Marin
- Doctoral student, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Marco Antonio Compagnoni
- Professor, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Pero
- Assistant Professor, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil.
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