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Vainer Y, Wang Y, Huff RM, Perets D, Sar-Shalom E, Yakir E, Ghaninia M, Coutinho-Abreu Gomes IV, Ruiz C, Rajamanickam D, Warburg A, Akbari OS, Papathanos PA, Ignell R, Riffell JA, Pitts RJ, Bohbot JD. A conserved odorant receptor underpins borneol-mediated repellency in culicine mosquitoes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.08.01.548337. [PMID: 37577635 PMCID: PMC10418152 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.01.548337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of essential oils derived from the camphor tree to repel mosquitoes is an ancient practice that originated in Southeast Asia and gradually spread to China and across Europe via the Maritime Silk Road. The olfactory mechanisms by which these oils elicit avoidance behavior are unclear. Here we show that plant bicyclic monoterpenoids and borneol specifically activate a neural pathway that originates in the orphan olfactory receptor neuron of the capitate peg sensillum in the maxillary palp, and projects to the mediodorsal glomerulus 3 in the antennal lobe. This neuron co-locates with two olfactory receptor neurons tuned to carbon dioxide and octenol that mediate human-host detection. We also confirm that borneol elicits repellency against human-seeking female mosquitoes. Understanding the functional role of the mosquito maxillary palp is essential to investigating olfactory signal integration and host-selection behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Vainer
- Department of Entomology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yinliang Wang
- Department of Entomology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
- Northeast Normal University, China
| | | | - Dor Perets
- Department of Entomology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Esther Yakir
- Department of Entomology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Majid Ghaninia
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden
| | | | - Carlos Ruiz
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, USA
| | | | - A. Warburg
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Omar S. Akbari
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, USA
| | | | - R. Ignell
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden
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2
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Takken W, Charlwood D, Lindsay SW. The behaviour of adult Anopheles gambiae, sub-Saharan Africa's principal malaria vector, and its relevance to malaria control: a review. Malar J 2024; 23:161. [PMID: 38783348 PMCID: PMC11112813 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-024-04982-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mosquitoes of the Anopheles gambiae complex are one of the major vectors of malaria in sub-Saharan Africa. Their ability to transmit this disease of major public health importance is dependent on their abundance, biting behaviour, susceptibility and their ability to survive long enough to transmit malaria parasites. A deeper understanding of this behaviour can be exploited for improving vector surveillance and malaria control. FINDINGS Adult mosquitoes emerge from aquatic habitats at dusk. After a 24 h teneral period, in which the cuticle hardens and the adult matures, they may disperse at random and search upwind for a mate or to feed. Mating generally takes place at dusk in swarms that form over species-specific 'markers'. Well-nourished females may mate before blood-feeding, but the reverse is true for poorly-nourished insects. Females are monogamous and only mate once whilst males, that only feed on nectar, swarm nightly and can potentially mate up to four times. Females are able to locate hosts by following their carbon dioxide and odour gradients. When in close proximity to the host, visual cues, temperature and relative humidity are also used. Most blood-feeding occurs at night, indoors, with mosquitoes entering houses mainly through gaps between the roof and the walls. With the exception of the first feed, females are gonotrophically concordant and a blood meal gives rise to a complete egg batch. Egg development takes two or three days depending on temperature. Gravid females leave their resting sites at dusk. They are attracted by water gradients and volatile chemicals that provide a suitable aquatic habitat in which to lay their eggs. CONCLUSION Whilst traditional interventions, using insecticides, target mosquitoes indoors, additional protection can be achieved using spatial repellents outdoors, attractant traps or house modifications to prevent mosquito entry. Future research on the variability of species-specific behaviour, movement of mosquitoes across the landscape, the importance of light and vision, reproductive barriers to gene flow, male mosquito behaviour and evolutionary changes in mosquito behaviour could lead to an improvement in malaria surveillance and better methods of control reducing the current over-reliance on the indoor application of insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willem Takken
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Derek Charlwood
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Hygiene e Medicina Tropical, Lisbon, Portugal
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Walsh W, Duffner M, Pasternak A, Brodie BS, Johnson KS. Influence of polarized light, disruptive visual patterns, and chemical cues on oviposition in the aquatic midge, Chironomus riparius (Diptera: Chironomidae). ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2024; 53:57-66. [PMID: 38156653 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvad116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Chironomid nonbiting midges are common in many waterbodies, occurring at high densities in sediment and also when flying adults emerge. Although important for food webs and ecosystem processes, the mass emergences of chironomid adults make some species nuisance pests. As part of an effort to develop "push-pull" strategies for managing midge populations, we investigated the importance of visual and chemical cues used by gravid females when selecting sites for oviposition. Field and laboratory oviposition choice tests with Chironomus riparius (Meigen) were used to assess the attractiveness of dark container colors and polarized light for females seeking water for egg laying. Females were not sensitive to increased intensity of polarized light, but they laid fewer eggs in containers with white color above the water's edge but black below the surface. A disruptive pattern of vertical black and white stripes at the water's edge reduced egg laying to a similar degree as white. To investigate the importance of olfactory or gustatory cues in oviposition decisions, we tested 3 potential chemical repellents (damaged larvae simulating predator presence, azadiractin, and picaridin) and 5 potential attractants (a tannin-molasses mixture, leaf detritus, live Hydrilla plants, periphyton, and fermented alfalfa infusions used to bait mosquito oviposition traps). Chemical cues appeared to play a weak role, if any, in oviposition choices. Onlyazadiractin (0.02 and 0.11 ppm) reduced the number of egg ropes deposited, but the mechanism may have been from mechanical trapping and drowning, not deterrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley Walsh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Mitch Duffner
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Anna Pasternak
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546-0091, USA
| | - Bekka S Brodie
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
- Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kelly S Johnson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
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Planelló R, Aquilino M, Beaugeard L, Llorente L, Herrero Ó, Siaussat D, Lécureuil C. Unveiling Molecular Effects of the Secondary Metabolite 2-Dodecanone in the Model Hymenopteran Nasonia vitripennis. TOXICS 2024; 12:159. [PMID: 38393254 PMCID: PMC10892068 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12020159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Over the past decade, multiple studies have suggested that the secondary metabolites produced by plants against herbivorous insects could be used as biopesticides. However, as the molecular mechanism of action of these compounds remains unknown, it is difficult to predict how they would affect non-target insects; thus, their innocuity needs to be clarified. Here, we investigate, from the molecular level to the organism, the responses of a useful parasitic insect Nasonia vitripennis (Walker, 1836) being exposed at the pupae stage for 48 h (up to 6 days) to sublethal doses (5 µg/L and 500 µg/L) of 2-Dodecanone. 2-Dodecanone altered the gene expression of genes related to ecdysone-related pathways, biotransformation, and cell homeostasis. A significant induction of ecdysone response-genes (EcR, usp, E78, Hr4, Hr38) was detected, despite no significant differences in ecdysteroid levels. Regarding the cell homeostasis processes, the gene l(2)efl was differentially altered in both experimental conditions, and a dose-dependent induction of hex81 was observed. 2-Dodecanone also triggered an induction of Cyp6aQ5 activity. Finally, 2-Dodecanone exposure had a significant effect on neither development time, energy reserves, nor egg-laying capacity; no potential genotoxicity was detected. For the first time, this study shows evidence that 2-Dodecanone can modulate gene expression and interfere with the ecdysone signalling pathway in N. vitripennis. This could lead to potential endocrine alterations and highlight the suitability of this organism to improve our general understanding of the molecular effects of plant defences in insects. Our findings provide new insights into the toxicity of 2-Dodecanone that could potentially be explored in other species and under field conditions for plant protection and pest management as a means to reduce reliance on synthetic pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Planelló
- Molecular Entomology, Biomarkers and Environmental Stress Group, Faculty of Science, National Distance education University (UNED), 28232 Las Rozas de Madrid, Spain; (M.A.); (L.L.); (Ó.H.)
| | - Mónica Aquilino
- Molecular Entomology, Biomarkers and Environmental Stress Group, Faculty of Science, National Distance education University (UNED), 28232 Las Rozas de Madrid, Spain; (M.A.); (L.L.); (Ó.H.)
| | - Laureen Beaugeard
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l’Insecte (IRBI), CNRS-Université de Tours, 37200 Tours, France;
| | - Lola Llorente
- Molecular Entomology, Biomarkers and Environmental Stress Group, Faculty of Science, National Distance education University (UNED), 28232 Las Rozas de Madrid, Spain; (M.A.); (L.L.); (Ó.H.)
| | - Óscar Herrero
- Molecular Entomology, Biomarkers and Environmental Stress Group, Faculty of Science, National Distance education University (UNED), 28232 Las Rozas de Madrid, Spain; (M.A.); (L.L.); (Ó.H.)
| | - David Siaussat
- Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, Department of Sensory Ecology, Sorbonne Université, Campus Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France;
| | - Charlotte Lécureuil
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l’Insecte (IRBI), CNRS-Université de Tours, 37200 Tours, France;
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Guo J, Wen J, Xiang Q, Huang Y, Hu T, Rao C. Study on SH-SY5Y autophagy inhibition and apoptosis induced by methanol extract of Zanthoxylum armatum DC. based on mTOR signal pathway. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfae013. [PMID: 38332946 PMCID: PMC10848228 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfae013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Zanthoxylum armatum DC. (ZADC) is a novel food raw material resource, offering both edible and medicinal properties. Recent research has unveiled the toxic nature of ZADC, particularly its close association with the nervous system. In a prior study, we observed that administering methanol extract of Zanthoxylum armatum DC. (MZADC) to rats via gavage at a dose of 1.038 g/kg resulted in various neurotoxicity symptoms, including excessive salivation, reduced mobility, unsteady gait, muscle twitching, and altered respiratory rates. Materials and methods We conducted cell-based research to assess the safety of ZADC and elucidate its potential toxic mechanism. In addition, we used experimental methods such as Cell Counting Kit-8, Western blot, and Flow cytometry to detect cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells after intervention with MZADC. Results Following exposure of SY-SY5Y cells with MZADC, a substantial decline in cell viability was observed, accompanied by a concentration-dependent increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Additionally, MZADC induced cellular oxidative stress, leading to elevated malonic dialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) concentrations while decreasing glutathione (GSH) levels. Furthermore, MZADC induced apoptosis at varying doses (20, 40, and 60 μg/mL), and this effect was associated with increased Caspase-3, Bax expressions, and reduced Bcl2 and Bcl2/Bax expressions. In addition, the investigation revealed that MZADC induced autophagy inhibition in SH-SY5Y cells by activating the mTOR signaling pathway, resulting in a decrease in LC3II/LCI and Beclin-1, while increasing p-mTOR/mTOR, p62. Conclusion Consequently, this study suggests that MZADC triggers the mTOR pathway through oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y cells, ultimately leading to apoptosis. Understanding the toxicity mechanisms associated with ZADC can offer a valuable theoretical and experimental basis for its development and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafu Guo
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Jiayu Wen
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Qiwen Xiang
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Tingting Hu
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Chaolong Rao
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
- R&D Center for Efficiency, Safety and Application in Chinese Materia Medica with Medical and Edible Values, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
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Guo J, Yang N, Zhang J, Huang Y, Xiang Q, Wen J, Chen Y, Hu T, Qiuyan L, Rao C. Neurotoxicity study of ethyl acetate extract of Zanthoxylum armatum DC. on SH-SY5Y based on ROS mediated mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117321. [PMID: 37866465 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Zanthoxylum armatum DC. (ZADC) is a traditional medicinal plant with various pharmacological activities and is widely used in China, Japan, India, and other regions. Previous studies have revealed that the methanol extract of ZADC can cause neurotoxicity symptoms in rats, such as drooling, decreased appetite, decreased movement, and increased respiratory rate. However, the basis of these toxic substances and the mechanism of neurotoxicity remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the effects of ZADC on nerve cells and their damage mechanisms and discuss the possible toxic substance basis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ethyl acetate extract of ZADC is obtained by extracting the methanol extract of ZADC with ethyl acetate. The Q-Orbitrap LC-MS/MS method was employed to analyze the chemical composition of the EA extract of ZADC. SH-SY5Y cells were incubated with different concentrations of the ethyl acetate extract of ZADC. The cytotoxicity of the extract was evaluated using CCK-8, LDH, and ROS assays, and the oxidative stress status of cells was assessed using MDA, GSH, and SOD. Cell apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry. Damage to mitochondrial function was evaluated by labeling mitochondria, ATP, and MMP with fluorescence. Cyto-C, Caspase-3, Caspase-9, Apaf-1, Bax, and reduced Bcl2 expression were measured to evaluate the activation of the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Finally, NAC intervention was used to detect changes in the relevant indicators. The activation of mitochondrial apoptosis pathway was evaluated by measuring Cyto-C, Caspase-3, Caspase-9, Apaf-1, and Bax and Bcl2 expression. Finally, NAC intervention was utilized to detect changes in the relevant indicators. RESULTS After treating SY-SY5Y cells with EA extract from ZADC, cell viability decreased significantly, and the intracellular ROS level increased in a dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, ZADC can cause cellular oxidative stress and increase MDA and SOD concentrations while decreasing GSH concentrations. It can also shorten the mitochondrial cristae and decrease the number of mitochondria. In contrast, it can reduce ATP synthesis in the mitochondria and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Furthermore, it increased the apoptosis rate and the expression of Cyto-C, Caspase-3, Caspase-9, Apaf-1, and Bax and reduced Bcl2 expression. NAC intervention alleviated the reduction in SH-SY5Y cell survival and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species induced by the EA extract in ZADC. It also inhibits signaling pathways dominated by proteins, such as Cyto-C, reducing cell apoptosis and cytotoxicity. A total of 46 compounds were identified in the extracts. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that EA extract of ZADC can induce the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway by accumulating ROS in cells, leading to apoptosis. Antioxidants had a good inhibitory and protective effect against cell damage caused by the EA extract of ZADC. The neurotoxic components of ZADC may be organic acids and compounds containing amino groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafu Guo
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China.
| | - Nannan Yang
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China.
| | - Yan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China.
| | - Qiwen Xiang
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China.
| | - Jiayu Wen
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China.
| | - Yan Chen
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China; Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China.
| | - Tingting Hu
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China.
| | - Liu Qiuyan
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China.
| | - Chaolong Rao
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China; Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China; R&D Center for Efficiency, Safety and Application in Chinese Materia Medica with Medical and Edible Values, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China.
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7
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Luker HA. A critical review of current laboratory methods used to evaluate mosquito repellents. FRONTIERS IN INSECT SCIENCE 2024; 4:1320138. [PMID: 38469342 PMCID: PMC10926509 DOI: 10.3389/finsc.2024.1320138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Pathogens transmitted by mosquitoes threaten human health around the globe. The use of effective mosquito repellents can protect individuals from contracting mosquito-borne diseases. Collecting evidence to confirm and quantify the effectiveness of a mosquito repellent is crucial and requires thorough standardized testing. There are multitudes of methods to test repellents that each have their own strengths and weaknesses. Determining which type of test to conduct can be challenging and the collection of currently used and standardized methods has changed over time. Some of these methods can be powerful to rapidly screen numerous putative repellent treatments. Other methods can test mosquito responses to specific treatments and measure either spatial or contact repellency. A subset of these methods uses live animals or human volunteers to test the repellency of treatments. Assays can greatly vary in their affordability and accessibility for researchers and/or may require additional methods to confirm results. Here I present a critical review that covers some of the most frequently used laboratory assays from the last two decades. I discuss the experimental designs and highlight some of the strengths and weaknesses of each type of method covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailey A. Luker
- Molecular Vector Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, United States
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Nguyen QBD, Vu MAN, Hebert AA. Insect repellents: An updated review for the clinician. J Am Acad Dermatol 2023; 88:123-130. [PMID: 30395919 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Malaria, Zika virus, West Nile virus, Dengue fever, and Lyme disease are common causes of morbidity and mortality around the world. While arthropod bites may cause local inflammation and discomfort, a greater concern is the potential to develop deadly systemic infection. The use of insect repellents (IRs) to prevent systemic infections constitutes a fundamental public health effort. Cost effectiveness, availability, and high efficacy against arthropod vectors are key characteristics of an ideal IR. Currently, numerous IRs are available on the market, with N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET) being the most widely used. DEET has an excellent safety profile and remarkable protection against mosquitoes and various other arthropods. Other Environmental Protection Agency-registered IR ingredients (eg, permethrin, picaridin, IR3535, oil of lemon eucalyptus, oil of citronella, catnip oil, and 2-undecanone) are alternative IRs of great interest because some of these ingredients have efficacies comparable to that of DEET. These alternative IRs possess low toxicity and favorable customer experiences in use (eg, cosmetically pleasant, naturally occurring). This review summarizes the currently available Environmental Protection Agency-registered IRs, including their origins, mechanisms of action, side effect profiles, and available formulations. This review will enable the clinician to select the best IR option to meet a patient's needs and provide the greatest protection from arthropod bites and their sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quoc-Bao D Nguyen
- Department of Dermatology, UTHealth McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Mai-Anh N Vu
- University of Texas Medical Branch School of Medicine, Galveston, Texas
| | - Adelaide A Hebert
- Department of Dermatology, UTHealth McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas.
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Portilla Pulido JS, Urbina Duitama DL, Velasquez-Martinez MC, Mendez-Sanchez SC, Duque JE. Differentiation of action mechanisms between natural and synthetic repellents through neuronal electroantennogram and proteomic in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). Sci Rep 2022; 12:20397. [PMID: 36437275 PMCID: PMC9701785 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24923-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural-based compounds with repellent activity arise nowadays with the possibility to replace commercial synthetic repellents wholly or partially, such as N,N-Diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET). It is due to DEET's demonstrated toxicity and cutaneous irritation for human beings. Besides, research recommends avoiding using it with kids and pregnant women. The search for a repellent product implies early stages of detailed research that resolve the modes of action against the target insect. Therefore the objective of the current study was to analyze neuronal electrophysiological signals and olfactory system protein expression when the Aedes aegypti mosquito with exposition to natural-based repellents. Adult females of Ae. aegypti of Rockefeller strain were exposed to specific concentrations of repellent compounds like geranyl acetate, α-bisabolol, nerolidol, and DEET. The neuronal effect was measured by electroantennography technique, and the effect of exposure to either DEET or a mixture of natural molecules on protein expression was determined with 2D-PAGE followed by MALDI-TOF-mass spectrometry (MS). This approach revealed that DEET affected proteins related to synapses and ATP production, whereas natural-based repellents increased transport, signaling, and detoxification proteins. The proteomic and electrophysiology experiments demonstrated that repellent exposure disrupts ionic channel activity and modifies neuronal synapse and energy production processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Sebastián Portilla Pulido
- grid.411595.d0000 0001 2105 7207Grupo de Investigación en Bioquímica y Microbiología (GIBIM), Facultad de ciencias, Escuela de Química, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia ,grid.411595.d0000 0001 2105 7207Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Centro de Investigaciones en Enfermedades Tropicales-CINTROP, Facultad de Salud, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Santander Colombia
| | - Diana Lizeth Urbina Duitama
- grid.411595.d0000 0001 2105 7207Grupo de Investigación en Bioquímica y Microbiología (GIBIM), Facultad de ciencias, Escuela de Química, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia ,grid.411595.d0000 0001 2105 7207Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Centro de Investigaciones en Enfermedades Tropicales-CINTROP, Facultad de Salud, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Santander Colombia
| | - María Carolina Velasquez-Martinez
- grid.411595.d0000 0001 2105 7207Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Grupo de investigación en Neurociencias y Comportamiento UIS-UPB, Facultad de Salud, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Santander Colombia
| | - Stelia Carolina Mendez-Sanchez
- grid.411595.d0000 0001 2105 7207Grupo de Investigación en Bioquímica y Microbiología (GIBIM), Facultad de ciencias, Escuela de Química, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Jonny Edward Duque
- grid.411595.d0000 0001 2105 7207Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Centro de Investigaciones en Enfermedades Tropicales-CINTROP, Facultad de Salud, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Santander Colombia
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Cagáň Ľ, Apacsová Fusková M, Hlávková D, Skoková Habuštová O. Essential Oils: Useful Tools in Storage-Pest Management. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11223077. [PMID: 36432806 PMCID: PMC9692832 DOI: 10.3390/plants11223077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to verify the level of repellent and mortality effect of two chemical substances (DEET and 2-undecanone) and seven essential oils (EOs), Allium sativum, Artemisia annua, Ocimum basilicum, Lavandula angustifolia, Eucalyptus globulus, Pinus sylvestris, and Curcuma longa. The storage pests Tribolium confusum, Tenebrio molitor, and Acanthoscelides obtectus were exposed to various concentrations in an olfactometer-and-mortality test. The effects were recorded 24-48-72 h after the treatments were applied. A. sativum, E. globulus, and L. augustifolia were found to have significant repellence effects. A substantial lethal effect was observed for A. sativum, E. globulus, and O. basilicum. We also found that even if the most efficient EOs were diluted to low concentrations, they still produced repellent and mortality effects. The presented results indicate that A. sativum and O. basilicum were the most effective against T. confusum and T. molitor; simultaneously, L. angustifolia and C. longa showed high activity against A. obtectus. All of these efficient EOs could be applied as effective bio-control agents in various stored conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ľudovít Cagáň
- Department of Plant Protection, Slovak University of Agriculture, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Miroslava Apacsová Fusková
- National Agricultural and Food Centre, Research Institute of Plant Production, 921 01 Piešťany, Slovakia
| | - Daniela Hlávková
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31a, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Oxana Skoková Habuštová
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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11
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Dekel A, Sar-Shalom E, Vainer Y, Yakir E, Bohbot JD. The ovipositor cue indole inhibits animal host attraction in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquitoes. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:422. [PMID: 36369215 PMCID: PMC9652956 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05545-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mosquitoes are responsible for disease transmission worldwide. They possess the ability to discriminate between different ecological resources, including nectar sources, animal hosts and oviposition sites, a feature mediated by their olfactory system. Insect repellents, such as N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (also called DEET), have been shown to activate and inhibit mosquito odorant receptors, resulting in behavioral modulation. This and other repellents currently available for personal protection against mosquitoes are topically applied to the skin and operate at a short range. In our search for potential long-range inhibitors of attractants to human hosts, we have hypothesized that the shared chemical similarities between indole and DEET may confer the former with the ability to block odorant receptor function and inhibit human host attraction in a similar way as DEET. Methods We used the two-electrode voltage clamp system to assay Xenopus laevis oocytes as a platform to compare the pharmacological effect of commercially available insect repellents and indole on the Aedes aegypti (R)-1-octen-3-ol receptor, OR8, a receptor involved in the decision-making of female mosquitoes to identify human hosts. We also conducted arm-in-a-cage and wind-tunnel bioassays to explore the effect of indole on human host-seeking female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Results Our results demonstrate that indole inhibited the Aedes aegypti (R)-1-octen-3-ol receptor OR8. In our arm-in-a-cage assay, 1 M of DEET reduced mosquito visits on average by 69.3% while the same indole concentration achieved 97.8% inhibition. This effect of indole on flight visits was dose-dependent and disappeared at 1 μM. In the flight tunnel, indole elicited on average 27.5% lower speed, 42.3% lower upwind velocity and 30.4% higher tortuosity compared to the control. Conclusions Indole significantly inhibits OR8 activation by (R)-1-octen-3-ol, mosquito visits to a human hand and long-range human host-seeking. The volatility of indole may be leveraged to develop a novel insect repellent in the context of personal mosquito protection. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-022-05545-8.
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Neto MFA, Campos JM, Cerqueira APM, de Lima LR, Da Costa GV, Ramos RDS, Junior JTM, Santos CBR, Leite FHA. Hierarchical Virtual Screening and Binding Free Energy Prediction of Potential Modulators of Aedes Aegypti Odorant-Binding Protein 1. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27206777. [PMID: 36296371 PMCID: PMC9612181 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Aedes aegypti mosquito is the main hematophagous vector responsible for arbovirus transmission in Brazil. The disruption of A. aegypti hematophagy remains one of the most efficient and least toxic methods against these diseases and, therefore, efforts in the research of new chemical entities with repellent activity have advanced due to the elucidation of the functionality of the olfactory receptors and the behavior of mosquitoes. With the growing interest of the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries in the development of chemical entities with repellent activity, computational studies (e.g., virtual screening and molecular modeling) are a way to prioritize potential modulators with stereoelectronic characteristics (e.g., pharmacophore models) and binding affinity to the AaegOBP1 binding site (e.g., molecular docking) at a lower computational cost. Thus, pharmacophore- and docking-based virtual screening was employed to prioritize compounds from Sigma-Aldrich® (n = 126,851) and biogenic databases (n = 8766). In addition, molecular dynamics (MD) was performed to prioritize the most potential potent compounds compared to DEET according to free binding energy calculations. Two compounds showed adequate stereoelectronic requirements (QFIT > 81.53), AaegOBP1 binding site score (Score > 42.0), volatility and non-toxic properties and better binding free energy value (∆G < −24.13 kcal/mol) compared to DEET ((N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide)) (∆G = −24.13 kcal/mol).
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Affiliation(s)
- Moysés F. A. Neto
- Laboratório de Quimioinformática e Avaliação Biológica, Departamento de Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana 44036-900, Brazil
| | - Joaquín M. Campos
- Departamento de Química Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), SAS-University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Amanda P. M. Cerqueira
- Laboratório de Quimioinformática e Avaliação Biológica, Departamento de Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana 44036-900, Brazil
| | - Lucio R. de Lima
- Laboratório de Modelagem e Química Computacional, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, Brazil
| | - Glauber V. Da Costa
- Laboratório de Modelagem e Química Computacional, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, Brazil
| | - Ryan Da S. Ramos
- Laboratório de Modelagem e Química Computacional, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, Brazil
| | - Jairo T. Magalhães Junior
- Centro Multidisciplinar, Departamento de Saúde, Universidade Federal do Oeste da Bahia, Barreiras 47100-000, Brazil
| | - Cleydson B. R. Santos
- Laboratório de Modelagem e Química Computacional, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, Brazil
- Correspondence: (C.B.R.S.); (F.H.A.L.)
| | - Franco H. A. Leite
- Laboratório de Quimioinformática e Avaliação Biológica, Departamento de Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana 44036-900, Brazil
- Correspondence: (C.B.R.S.); (F.H.A.L.)
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Shiau AL, Liao CS, Tu CW, Wu SN, Cho HY, Yu MC. Characterization in Effective Stimulation on the Magnitude, Gating, Frequency Dependence, and Hysteresis of INa Exerted by Picaridin (or Icaridin), a Known Insect Repellent. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179696. [PMID: 36077093 PMCID: PMC9456182 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Picaridin (icaridin), a member of the piperidine chemical family, is a broad-spectrum arthropod repellent. Its actions have been largely thought to be due to its interaction with odorant receptor proteins. However, to our knowledge, to what extent the presence of picaridin can modify the magnitude, gating, and/or the strength of voltage-dependent hysteresis (Hys(V)) of plasmalemmal ionic currents, such as, voltage-gated Na+ current [INa], has not been entirely explored. In GH3 pituitary tumor cells, we demonstrated that with exposure to picaridin the transient (INa(T)) and late (INa(L)) components of voltage-gated Na+ current (INa) were differentially stimulated with effective EC50’s of 32.7 and 2.8 μM, respectively. Upon cell exposure to it, the steady-state current versus voltage relationship INa(T) was shifted to more hyperpolarized potentials. Moreover, its presence caused a rightward shift in the midpoint for the steady-state inactivate curve of the current. The cumulative inhibition of INa(T) induced during repetitive stimuli became retarded during its exposure. The recovery time course from the INa block elicited, following the conditioning pulse stimulation, was satisfactorily fitted by two exponential processes. Moreover, the fast and slow time constants of recovery from the INa block by the same conditioning protocol were noticeably increased in the presence of picaridin. However, the fraction in fast or slow component of recovery time course was, respectively, increased or decreased with an increase in picaridin concentrations. The Hys(V)’s strength of persistent INa (INa(P)), responding to triangular ramp voltage, was also enhanced during cell exposure to picaridin. The magnitude of resurgent INa (INa(R)) was raised in its presence. Picaritin-induced increases of INa(P) or INa(R) intrinsically in GH3 cells could be attenuated by further addition of ranolazine. The predictions of molecular docking also disclosed that there are possible interactions of the picaridin molecule with the hNaV1.7 channel. Taken literally, the stimulation of INa exerted by the exposure to picaridin is expected to exert impacts on the functional activities residing in electrically excitable cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Li Shiau
- Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City 60002, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Szu Liao
- Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City 60002, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Wen Tu
- Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City 60002, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Nan Wu
- Department of Physiology, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-6-2353535-5334; Fax: +886-6-2362780
| | - Hsin-Yen Cho
- Department of Physiology, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Cheng Yu
- Department of Physiology, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
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14
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The Bacillary Postbiotics, Including 2-Undecanone, Suppress the Virulence of Pathogenic Microorganisms. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14050962. [PMID: 35631548 PMCID: PMC9143114 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14050962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Secreted molecules from probiotic Bacilli have often been considered potential pharmaceuticals to fight infections caused by bacterial or yeast pathogens. In the present study, we investigated the antagonistic potential of secreted probiotic filtrates (hereafter, postbiotics) derived from Lactobacillus plantarum cells against pathogenic microorganisms, such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. We found that the postbiotics mitigate the biofilms of the tested pathogens with no notable effect on their planktonic growth. In addition, the postbiotics suppressed some virulence traits, for instance, the dendrite swarming motility of E. coli and yeast-to-hyphal switch in C. albicans. Further assays with an active constituent produced by the L. plantarum cells–2-undecanone revealed two significant findings: (i) 2-undecanone inhibits C. albicans biofilms and hyphae in vitro and in a Caenorhabditis elegans model, and (ii) it interacts specifically with Gln 58 amino acid residue of hyphal wall protein-1 (Hwp-1) in molecular docking analysis. The results suggest the targeted mode of antagonistic action of 2-undecanone against C. albicans biofilm. In total, the findings of the study depict an appealing strategy to use postbiotics, including specific ketone molecules, produced by L. plantarum for developing novel antibiofilm and anti-hyphal pharmaceuticals.
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15
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Ruel DM, Vainer Y, Yakir E, Bohbot JD. Identification and functional characterization of olfactory indolergic receptors in Drosophila melanogaster. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 139:103651. [PMID: 34582989 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2021.103651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Indole-sensitive odorant receptors or indolORs belong to a mosquito-specific expansion as ancient as the Culicidae lineage. Brachyceran flies appeared to lack representative members of this group despite the importance of indolics in this important group of dipterans. To explore whether indolORs occur in other brachyceran species, we searched for candidate indolORs in Drosophila melanogaster. Using phylogenetic tools, we show that D. melanogaster OR30a, OR43a, and OR49b form a distinct monophyletic lineage with mosquito indolORs. To explore a potential functional orthology with indolORs, we expressed these three Drosophila ORs in Xenopus laevis oocytes and measured their responses to a panel of indolic compounds. We provide evidence that OR30a, OR43a, and OR49b exhibit high sensitivity to indoles. Along with the recent discovery of indolORs in the housefly Musca domestica, our findings suggest that indolORs are a widespread feature of the peripheral olfactory systems of Diptera.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Ruel
- Department of Entomology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Robert H Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Rehovot, 76100, Israel.
| | - Yuri Vainer
- Department of Entomology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Robert H Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Rehovot, 76100, Israel.
| | - Esther Yakir
- Department of Entomology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Robert H Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Rehovot, 76100, Israel.
| | - Jonathan D Bohbot
- Department of Entomology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Robert H Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Rehovot, 76100, Israel.
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16
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Mitra S, Pinch M, Kandel Y, Li Y, Rodriguez SD, Hansen IA. Olfaction-Related Gene Expression in the Antennae of Female Mosquitoes From Common Aedes aegypti Laboratory Strains. Front Physiol 2021; 12:668236. [PMID: 34497531 PMCID: PMC8419471 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.668236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult female mosquitoes rely on olfactory cues like carbon dioxide and other small molecules to find vertebrate hosts to acquire blood. The molecular physiology of the mosquito olfactory system is critical for their host preferences. Many laboratory strains of the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti have been established since the late 19th century. These strains have been used for most molecular studies in this species. Some earlier comparative studies have identified significant physiological differences between different laboratory strains. In this study, we used a Y-tube olfactometer to determine the attraction of females of seven different strains of Ae. aegypti to a human host: UGAL, Rockefeller, Liverpool, Costa Rica, Puerto Rico, and two odorant receptor co-receptor (Orco) mutants Orco2 and Orco16. We performed RNA-seq using antennae of Rockefeller, Liverpool, Costa Rica, and Puerto Rico females. Our results showed that female Aedes aegypti from the Puerto Rico strain had significantly reduced attraction rates toward human hosts compared to all other strains. RNA-seq analyses of the antenna transcriptomes of Rockefeller, Liverpool, Costa Rica, and Puerto Rico strains revealed distinct differences in gene expression between the four strains, but conservation in gene expression patterns of known human-sensing genes. However, we identified several olfaction-related genes that significantly vary between strains, including receptors with significantly different expression in mosquitoes from the Puerto Rico strain and the other strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumi Mitra
- Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, United States
| | - Matthew Pinch
- Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, United States
| | - Yashoda Kandel
- Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, United States
| | - Yiyi Li
- Department of Computer Science, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, United States
| | - Stacy D Rodriguez
- Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, United States
| | - Immo A Hansen
- Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, United States
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17
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Montell C. Drosophila sensory receptors-a set of molecular Swiss Army Knives. Genetics 2021; 217:1-34. [PMID: 33683373 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyaa011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic approaches in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, have led to a major triumph in the field of sensory biology-the discovery of multiple large families of sensory receptors and channels. Some of these families, such as transient receptor potential channels, are conserved from animals ranging from worms to humans, while others, such as "gustatory receptors," "olfactory receptors," and "ionotropic receptors," are restricted to invertebrates. Prior to the identification of sensory receptors in flies, it was widely assumed that these proteins function in just one modality such as vision, smell, taste, hearing, and somatosensation, which includes thermosensation, light, and noxious mechanical touch. By employing a vast combination of genetic, behavioral, electrophysiological, and other approaches in flies, a major concept to emerge is that many sensory receptors are multitaskers. The earliest example of this idea was the discovery that individual transient receptor potential channels function in multiple senses. It is now clear that multitasking is exhibited by other large receptor families including gustatory receptors, ionotropic receptors, epithelial Na+ channels (also referred to as Pickpockets), and even opsins, which were formerly thought to function exclusively as light sensors. Genetic characterizations of these Drosophila receptors and the neurons that express them also reveal the mechanisms through which flies can accurately differentiate between different stimuli even when they activate the same receptor, as well as mechanisms of adaptation, amplification, and sensory integration. The insights gleaned from studies in flies have been highly influential in directing investigations in many other animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig Montell
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, The Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
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18
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Andreazza F, Valbon WR, Wang Q, Liu F, Xu P, Bandason E, Chen M, Wu S, Smith LB, Scott JG, Jiang Y, Jiang D, Zhang A, Oliveira EE, Dong K. Sodium channel activation underlies transfluthrin repellency in Aedes aegypti. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009546. [PMID: 34237076 PMCID: PMC8266078 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Volatile pyrethroid insecticides, such as transfluthrin, have received increasing attention for their potent repellent activities in recent years for controlling human disease vectors. It has been long understood that pyrethroids kill insects by promoting activation and inhibiting inactivation of voltage-gated sodium channels. However, the mechanism of pyrethroid repellency remains poorly understood and controversial. Methodology/Principal findings Here, we show that transfluthrin repels Aedes aegypti in a hand-in-cage assay at nonlethal concentrations as low as 1 ppm. Contrary to a previous report, transfluthrin does not elicit any electroantennogram (EAG) responses, indicating that it does not activate olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). The 1S-cis isomer of transfluthrin, which does not activate sodium channels, does not elicit repellency. Mutations in the sodium channel gene that reduce the potency of transfluthrin on sodium channels decrease transfluthrin repellency but do not affect repellency by DEET. Furthermore, transfluthrin enhances DEET repellency. Conclusions/Significance These results provide a surprising example that sodium channel activation alone is sufficient to potently repel mosquitoes. Our findings of sodium channel activation as the principal mechanism of transfluthrin repellency and potentiation of DEET repellency have broad implications in future development of a new generation of dual-target repellent formulations to more effectively repel a variety of human disease vectors. Vector-transmitted human diseases, such as dengue fever, represent serious global health burdens. Pyrethroids, including transfluthrin, are widely used as insecticides and repellents due to their low mammalian toxicity and relatively benign environmental impact. Pyrethroids target voltage-gated sodium channels for their insecticidal action. However, the mechanism of pyrethroid repellency remains unclear and controversial. Insect repellency is traditionally thought to be mediated by olfactory receptors. We made two important discoveries in this study, showing that transfluthrin repellency is via activation of sodium channels and transfluthrin enhances DEET repellency. Discovery of sodium channel activation as a major mechanism of pyrethroid repellency has broad significance in insect olfaction study, repellents development, and control of human disease vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Andreazza
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Wilson R. Valbon
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth Bandason
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Mengli Chen
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaoying Wu
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Leticia B. Smith
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey G. Scott
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Youfa Jiang
- Jiangsu Yangnong Chemical Co., Ltd., Jiangsu, China
| | - Dingxin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aijun Zhang
- Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center-West, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Eugenio E. Oliveira
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Ke Dong
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Kolesov DV, Ivanova VO, Sokolinskaya EL, Kost LA, Balaban PM, Lukyanov KA, Nikitin ES, Bogdanov AM. Impacts of OrX and cAMP-insensitive Orco to the insect olfactory heteromer activity. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:4549-4561. [PMID: 34129187 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06480-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Insect odorant receptors (ORs) have been suggested to function as ligand-gated cation channels, with OrX/Orco heteromers combining ionotropic and metabotropic activity. The latter is mediated by different G proteins and results in Orco self-activation by cyclic nucleotide binding. In this contribution, we co-express the odor-specific subunits DmOr49b and DmOr59b with either wild-type Orco or an Orco-PKC mutant lacking cAMP activation heterologously in mammalian cells. We show that the characteristics of heteromers strongly depend on both the OrX type and the coreceptor variant. Thus, methyl acetate-sensitive Or59b/Orco demonstrated 25-fold faster response kinetics over o-cresol-specific Or49b/Orco, while the latter required a 10-100 times lower ligand concentration to evoke a similar electrical response. Compared to wild-type Orco, Orco-PKC decreased odorant sensitivity in both heteromers, and blocked an outward current rectification intrinsic to the Or49b/Orco pair. Our observations thus provide an insight into insect OrX/Orco functioning, highlighting their natural and artificial tuning features and laying the groundwork for their application in chemogenetics, drug screening, and repellent design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danila V Kolesov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Violetta O Ivanova
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Liubov A Kost
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel M Balaban
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Evgeny S Nikitin
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey M Bogdanov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia.
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Rosas-Aguirre A, Moreno M, Moreno-Gutierrez D, Llanos-Cuentas A, Saavedra M, Contreras-Mancilla J, Barboza J, Alava F, Aguirre K, Carrasco G, Prussing C, Vinetz J, Conn JE, Speybroeck N, Gamboa D. Integrating Parasitological and Entomological Observations to Understand Malaria Transmission in Riverine Villages in the Peruvian Amazon. J Infect Dis 2021; 223:S99-S110. [PMID: 33906225 PMCID: PMC8079135 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Remote rural riverine villages account for most of the reported malaria cases in the Peruvian Amazon. As transmission decreases due to intensive standard control efforts, malaria strategies in these villages will need to be more focused and adapted to local epidemiology. METHODS By integrating parasitological, entomological, and environmental observations between January 2016 and June 2017, we provided an in-depth characterization of malaria transmission dynamics in 4 riverine villages of the Mazan district, Loreto department. RESULTS Despite variation across villages, malaria prevalence by polymerase chain reaction in March 2016 was high (>25% in 3 villages), caused by Plasmodium vivax mainly and composed of mostly submicroscopic infections. Housing without complete walls was the main malaria risk factor, while households close to forest edges were more commonly identified as spatial clusters of malaria prevalence. Villages in the basin of the Mazan River had a higher density of adult Anopheles darlingi mosquitoes, and retained higher prevalence and incidence rates compared to villages in the basin of the Napo River despite test-and-treat interventions. CONCLUSIONS High heterogeneity in malaria transmission was found across and within riverine villages, resulting from interactions between the microgeographic landscape driving diverse conditions for vector development, housing structure, and human behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Rosas-Aguirre
- Research Institute of Health and Society, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Marta Moreno
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Diamantina Moreno-Gutierrez
- Research Institute of Health and Society, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Facultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana, Loreto, Peru
| | - Alejandro Llanos-Cuentas
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.,Facultad de Salud Pública y Administración, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Marlon Saavedra
- International Centers of Excellence for Malaria Research-Amazonia, Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Juan Contreras-Mancilla
- International Centers of Excellence for Malaria Research-Amazonia, Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Jose Barboza
- International Centers of Excellence for Malaria Research-Amazonia, Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Freddy Alava
- International Centers of Excellence for Malaria Research-Amazonia, Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Kristhian Aguirre
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Gabriel Carrasco
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.,International Centers of Excellence for Malaria Research-Amazonia, Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Catharine Prussing
- School of Public Health, Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, Albany, New York, USA.,Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Joseph Vinetz
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.,International Centers of Excellence for Malaria Research-Amazonia, Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.,Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Departamento de Ciencias Celulares y Moleculares, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
| | - Jan E Conn
- School of Public Health, Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, Albany, New York, USA.,Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Niko Speybroeck
- Research Institute of Health and Society, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dionicia Gamboa
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.,International Centers of Excellence for Malaria Research-Amazonia, Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.,Departamento de Ciencias Celulares y Moleculares, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
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21
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Konopka JK, Task D, Afify A, Raji J, Deibel K, Maguire S, Lawrence R, Potter CJ. Olfaction in Anopheles mosquitoes. Chem Senses 2021; 46:6246230. [PMID: 33885760 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjab021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
As vectors of disease, mosquitoes are a global threat to human health. The Anopheles mosquito is the deadliest mosquito species as the insect vector of the malaria-causing parasite, which kills hundreds of thousands every year. These mosquitoes are reliant on their sense of smell (olfaction) to guide most of their behaviors, and a better understanding of Anopheles olfaction identifies opportunities for reducing the spread of malaria. This review takes a detailed look at Anopheles olfaction. We explore a range of topics from chemosensory receptors, olfactory neurons, and sensory appendages to behaviors guided by olfaction (including host-seeking, foraging, oviposition, and mating), to vector management strategies that target mosquito olfaction. We identify many research areas that remain to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna K Konopka
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 855 North Wolfe Street, 434 Rangos Building, Baltimore, 21205 MD, USA
| | - Darya Task
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 855 North Wolfe Street, 434 Rangos Building, Baltimore, 21205 MD, USA
| | - Ali Afify
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 855 North Wolfe Street, 434 Rangos Building, Baltimore, 21205 MD, USA
| | - Joshua Raji
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 855 North Wolfe Street, 434 Rangos Building, Baltimore, 21205 MD, USA
| | - Katelynn Deibel
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 855 North Wolfe Street, 434 Rangos Building, Baltimore, 21205 MD, USA
| | - Sarah Maguire
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 855 North Wolfe Street, 434 Rangos Building, Baltimore, 21205 MD, USA
| | - Randy Lawrence
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 855 North Wolfe Street, 434 Rangos Building, Baltimore, 21205 MD, USA
| | - Christopher J Potter
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 855 North Wolfe Street, 434 Rangos Building, Baltimore, 21205 MD, USA
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22
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Hellewell J, Sherrard-Smith E, Ogoma S, Churcher TS. Assessing the impact of low-technology emanators alongside long-lasting insecticidal nets to control malaria. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2021; 376:20190817. [PMID: 33357051 PMCID: PMC7776935 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Malaria control in sub-Saharan Africa relies on the widespread use of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) or the indoor residual spraying of insecticide. Disease transmission may be maintained even when these indoor interventions are universally used as some mosquitoes will bite in the early morning and evening when people are outside. As countries seek to eliminate malaria, they can target outdoor biting using new vector control tools such as spatial repellent emanators, which emit airborne insecticide to form a protective area around the user. Field data are used to incorporate a low-technology emanator into a mathematical model of malaria transmission to predict its public health impact across a range of scenarios. Targeting outdoor biting by repeatedly distributing emanators alongside LLINs increases the chance of elimination, but the additional benefit depends on the level of anthropophagy in the local mosquito population, emanator effectiveness and the pre-intervention proportion of mosquitoes biting outdoors. High proportions of pyrethroid-resistant mosquitoes diminish LLIN impact because of reduced mosquito mortality. When mosquitoes are highly anthropophagic, this reduced mortality leads to more outdoor biting and a reduced additional benefit of emanators, even if emanators are assumed to retain their effectiveness in the presence of pyrethroid resistance. Different target product profiles are examined, which show the extra epidemiological benefits of spatial repellents that induce mosquito mortality. This article is part of the theme issue 'Novel control strategies for mosquito-borne diseases'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Hellewell
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Ellie Sherrard-Smith
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Sheila Ogoma
- Ifakara Health Institute, Biomedical and Environmental Thematic Group, PO Box 53, Ifakara, Morogoro, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Thomas S. Churcher
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
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23
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Hill SR, Taparia T, Ignell R. Regulation of the antennal transcriptome of the dengue vector, Aedes aegypti, during the first gonotrophic cycle. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:71. [PMID: 33478394 PMCID: PMC7821643 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07336-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the light of dengue being the fastest growing transmissible disease, there is a dire need to identify the mechanisms regulating the behaviour of the main vector Aedes aegypti. Disease transmission requires the female mosquito to acquire the pathogen from a blood meal during one gonotrophic cycle, and to pass it on in the next, and the capacity of the vector to maintain the disease relies on a sustained mosquito population. Results Using a comprehensive transcriptomic approach, we provide insight into the regulation of the odour-mediated host- and oviposition-seeking behaviours throughout the first gonotrophic cycle. We provide clear evidence that the age and state of the female affects antennal transcription differentially. Notably, the temporal- and state-dependent patterns of differential transcript abundance of chemosensory and neuromodulatory genes extends across families, and appears to be linked to concerted differential modulation by subsets of transcription factors. Conclusions By identifying these regulatory pathways, we provide a substrate for future studies targeting subsets of genes across disparate families involved in generating key vector behaviours, with the goal to develop novel vector control tools. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-020-07336-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Rose Hill
- Disease Vector Group, Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 230 54, Alnarp, Sweden.
| | - Tanvi Taparia
- Disease Vector Group, Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 230 54, Alnarp, Sweden.,Business Unit Biointeractions and Plant Health, Wageningen University and Research, AA, 6700, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rickard Ignell
- Disease Vector Group, Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 230 54, Alnarp, Sweden
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24
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Zhou G, Yu L, Wang X, Zhong D, Lee MC, Kibret S, Yan G. Behavioral response of insecticide-resistant mosquitoes against spatial repellent: A modified self-propelled particle model simulation. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0244447. [PMID: 33373422 PMCID: PMC7771694 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapidly increasing pyrethroid insecticide resistance and changes in vector biting and resting behavior pose serious challenges in malaria control. Mosquito repellents, especially spatial repellents, have received much attention from industry. We attempted to simulate interactions between mosquitoes and repellents using a machine learning method, the Self-Propelled Particle (SPP) model, which we modified to include attractiveness/repellency effects. We simulated a random walk scenario and scenarios with insecticide susceptible/resistant mosquitoes against repellent alone and against repellent plus attractant (to mimic a human host). Simulation results indicated that without attractant/repellent, mosquitoes would fly anywhere in the cage at random. With attractant, all mosquitoes were attracted to the source of the odor by the end. With repellent, all insecticide-susceptible mosquitoes eventually moved to the corner of the cage farthest from the repellent release point, whereas, a high proportion of highly resistant mosquitoes might reach the attractant release point (the human) earlier in the simulation. At fixed concentration, a high proportion of mosquitoes could be able to reach the host when the relative repellency efficacy (compare to attractant efficacy) was <1, whereas, no mosquitoes reached the host when the relative repellency efficacy was > 1. This result implies that repellent may not be sufficient against highly physiologically insecticide resistant mosquitoes, since very high concentrations of repellent are neither practically feasible nor cost-effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofa Zhou
- Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Leonard Yu
- Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Daibin Zhong
- Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Ming-chieh Lee
- Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Solomon Kibret
- Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Guiyun Yan
- Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
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25
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Huff RM, Pitts RJ. Carboxylic acid responses by a conserved odorant receptor in culicine vector mosquitoes. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 29:523-530. [PMID: 32715523 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Many mosquito behaviours that are critical for survival and reproduction depend upon timely responses to chemical cues. Of interest are the effects of volatile organic compounds like carboxylic acids (CAs) that are released by potential blood meal hosts. Short chain CAs are among the primary attractants for host-seeking females and influence host selection in vector species. Although the behavioural relevance of CA's has been established, less is known about the molecular receptive events that evoke responses to specific compounds, with the Ir family of chemoreceptors being broadly implicated in their detection. In this study, we demonstrate that Or orthologs from two vector species, Aedes aegypti (L.) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse), are selectively activated by straight chain carboxylic acids and that these responses are attenuated by the commercial insect repellant N,N-Diethyl-meta-toluamide. Our results suggest that multiple chemoreceptors, representing diverse families, are able to mediate molecular responses to CAs and may therefore underlie important behaviours that directly impact disease-transmission cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M Huff
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - R Jason Pitts
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
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26
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Fuchsmann P, Tena Stern M, Münger LH, Pimentel G, Burton KJ, Vionnet N, Vergères G. Nutrivolatilomics of Urinary and Plasma Samples to Identify Candidate Biomarkers after Cheese, Milk, and Soy-Based Drink Intake in Healthy Humans. J Proteome Res 2020; 19:4019-4033. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Nathalie Vionnet
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Guy Vergères
- Agroscope, Schwarzenburgstrasse 161, 3003 Bern, Switzerland
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27
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Grant GG, Estrera RR, Pathak N, Hall CD, Tsikolia M, Linthicum KJ, Bernier UR, Hall AC. Interactions of DEET and Novel Repellents With Mosquito Odorant Receptors. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 57:1032-1040. [PMID: 32048720 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjaa010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The carboxamide N,N-di-ethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET) is the most effective and widely used insect repellent today. However, drawbacks concerning the efficacy and the safety of the repellent have led to efforts to design new classes of insect repellents. Through quantitative structure-activity relationships, chemists have discovered two chemical groups of novel repellents: the acylpiperidines and the carboxamides, with the acylpiperidines generally more potent in biological assays. Although the exact mechanism of action of DEET and other repellents has not yet been thoroughly elucidated, previous research shows that the activity of insect odorant receptors are inhibited in the presence of repellents. The present electrophysiological study employs two-electrode voltage clamp with Xenopus laevis oocytes expressing AgOR2/AgOrco and AgOR8/AgOrco receptors to assess the effects of the novel repellents on Anopheles gambiae Giles (Insecta: Diptera: Culicidae) mosquito odorant receptors. The novel acylpiperidines and carboxamides reversibly inhibited (12-91%) odorant-evoked currents from both AgOR2/AgOrco and AgOR8/AgOrco receptors in a dose-dependent manner at all tested concentrations (30 μM to 1 mM). Furthermore, all the novel agents were more potent inhibitors of the receptors than DEET, with the acylpiperidines producing on average greater inhibition than the carboxamides. Interestingly, there was a correlation (r2 = 0.72) between the percentage inhibition of AgOR2/AgOrco receptor currents and protection times of the acylpiperidines. Our results add to existing evidence that the repellency of a compound is linked to its ability to disrupt the insect olfactory system and that the acylpiperidines could represent a class of more effective alternatives to the current gold standard, DEET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gariel G Grant
- Department of Biological Sciences, Smith College, Northampton, MA
| | | | - Narendra Pathak
- Department of Biological Sciences, Smith College, Northampton, MA
| | - C Dennis Hall
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Maia Tsikolia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Kenneth J Linthicum
- Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, Gainesville, FL
| | - Ulrich R Bernier
- Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, Gainesville, FL
| | - Adam C Hall
- Department of Biological Sciences, Smith College, Northampton, MA
- Neuroscience Program, Smith College, Northampton, MA
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28
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Afify A, Potter CJ. Insect repellents mediate species-specific olfactory behaviours in mosquitoes. Malar J 2020; 19:127. [PMID: 32228701 PMCID: PMC7106743 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-020-03206-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The species-specific mode of action for DEET and many other mosquito repellents is often unclear. Confusion may arise for many reasons. First, the response of a single mosquito species is often used to represent all mosquito species. Second, behavioural studies usually test the effect of repellents on mosquito attraction towards human odorants, rather than their direct repulsive effect on mosquitoes. Third, the mosquito sensory neuron responses towards repellents are often not directly examined. Methods A close proximity response assay was used to test the direct repulsive effect of six mosquito repellents on Anopheles coluzzii, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes. Additionally, the behavioural assay and calcium imaging recordings of antennae were used to test the response of An. coluzzii mosquitoes towards two human odorants (1-octen-3-ol and benzaldehyde) at different concentrations, and mixtures of the repellents lemongrass oil and p-menthane-3,8-diol (PMD) with DEET. Results Anopheles coluzzii mosquitoes were repelled by lemongrass oil and PMD, while Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes were repelled by lemongrass oil, PMD, eugenol, and DEET. In addition, high concentrations of 1-octen-3-ol and benzaldehyde were repellent, and activated more olfactory receptor neurons on the An. coluzzii antennae than lower concentrations. Finally, changes in olfactory responses to repellent mixtures reflected changes in repulsive behaviours. Conclusions The findings described here suggest that different species of mosquitoes have different behavioural responses to repellents. The data further suggest that high-odour concentrations may recruit repellent-sensing neurons, or generally excite many olfactory neurons, yielding repellent behavioural responses. Finally, DEET can decrease the neuronal and behavioural response of An. coluzzii mosquitoes towards PMD but not towards lemongrass oil. Overall, these studies can help inform mosquito repellent choice by species, guide decisions on effective repellent blends, and could ultimately identify the olfactory neurons and receptors in mosquitoes that mediate repellency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Afify
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Center for Sensory Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Christopher J Potter
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Center for Sensory Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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29
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The Emergence of Insect Odorant Receptor-Based Biosensors. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2020; 10:bios10030026. [PMID: 32192133 PMCID: PMC7146604 DOI: 10.3390/bios10030026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The olfactory receptor neurons of insects and vertebrates are gated by odorant receptor (OR) proteins of which several members have been shown to exhibit remarkable sensitivity and selectivity towards volatile organic compounds of significant importance in the fields of medicine, agriculture and public health. Insect ORs offer intrinsic amplification where a single binding event is transduced into a measurable ionic current. Consequently, insect ORs have great potential as biorecognition elements in many sensor configurations. However, integrating these sensing components onto electronic transducers for the development of biosensors has been marginal due to several drawbacks, including their lipophilic nature, signal transduction mechanism and the limited number of known cognate receptor-ligand pairs. We review the current state of research in this emerging field and highlight the use of a group of indole-sensitive ORs (indolORs) from unexpected sources for the development of biosensors.
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30
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Portilla-Pulido JS, Castillo-Morales RM, Barón-Rodríguez MA, Duque JE, Mendez-Sanchez SC. Design of a Repellent Against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) Using in silico Simulations With AaegOBP1 Protein. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 57:463-476. [PMID: 31670811 PMCID: PMC7530563 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjz171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Skin irritation has been reported to be the main adverse effect of excessive use of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) and ethyl 3-acetyl(butyl)amino (IR3535) commercial repellents. Therefore, there is an interest in alternatives of natural origin such as essential oils (EOs) and major compounds, which have repellent effects but have no contraindications. The main purpose of the present study was to identify the repellent effect of selected terpenes on Aedes aegypti Linnaeus, 1762 (Diptera: Culicidae) by in silico analysis based on their affinity with the odorant protein AaegOBP1. The protein-metabolite interactions in 20 terpenes were analyzed using the SwissDock tool. Terpenes presenting the highest affinity compared with commercial repellents were selected to evaluate repellent activity at concentrations 0.1, 10, and 25% against Ae. aegypti. Different periods (0-2, 2-15, 15-60 min) were evaluated with DEET as a positive control. The toxicity of terpenes was verified through Osiris and Molinspiration Cheminformatics Software, and cytotoxicity assays in Vero and HepaRG cells were performed using the MTT method. Two formulations were prepared with polyethylene glycol to evaluate skin long-lasting in vivo assay. The results showed four terpenes: geranyl acetate, nerolidol, α-bisabolol, and nerol, with affinity to AaegOBP1 comparable with DEET and IR3535. Geranyl acetate, nerolidol, and their mixtures showed no cytotoxicity and protection percentages close to 100% during the test at concentrations 10 and 25%. Long-lasting assays with geranyl acetate and nerolidol formulate showed 3 h as maximum protection time with 100% protection percentage. These metabolites and their mixtures are candidates to repellent formulations with times and protection percentages similar to DEET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Sebastián Portilla-Pulido
- Grupo de Investigación en Bioquímica y Microbiología (GIBIM). Escuela de Química, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga A.A., Colombia
- Centro de Investigaciones en Enfermedades Tropicales - CINTROP. Facultad de Salud. Escuela de Medicina, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Guatiguará Technology and Research Park, Piedecuesta, Santander, Colombia
| | - Ruth Mariela Castillo-Morales
- Centro de Investigaciones en Enfermedades Tropicales - CINTROP. Facultad de Salud. Escuela de Medicina, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Guatiguará Technology and Research Park, Piedecuesta, Santander, Colombia
| | | | - Jonny Edward Duque
- Centro de Investigaciones en Enfermedades Tropicales - CINTROP. Facultad de Salud. Escuela de Medicina, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Guatiguará Technology and Research Park, Piedecuesta, Santander, Colombia
| | - Stelia Carolina Mendez-Sanchez
- Grupo de Investigación en Bioquímica y Microbiología (GIBIM). Escuela de Química, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga A.A., Colombia
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Martin NJ, Nam VS, Lover AA, Phong TV, Tu TC, Mendenhall IH. The impact of transfluthrin on the spatial repellency of the primary malaria mosquito vectors in Vietnam: Anopheles dirus and Anopheles minimus. Malar J 2020; 19:9. [PMID: 31906969 PMCID: PMC6945573 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-019-3092-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The complexity of mosquito-borne diseases poses a major challenge to global health efforts to mitigate their impact on people residing in sub-tropical and tropical regions, to travellers and deployed military personnel. To supplement drug- and vaccine-based disease control programmes, other strategies are urgently needed, including the direct control of disease vectors. Modern vector control research generally focuses on identifying novel active ingredients and/or innovative methods to reduce human-mosquito interactions. These efforts include the evaluation of spatial repellents, which are compounds capable of altering mosquito feeding behaviour without direct contact with the chemical source. Methods This project examined the impact of airborne transfluthrin from impregnated textile materials on two important malaria vectors, Anopheles dirus and Anopheles minimus. Repellency was measured by movement within taxis cages within a semi-field environment at the National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology in Hanoi, Vietnam. Knockdown and mortality were measured in adult mosquito bioassay cages. Metered-volume air samples were collected at a sub-set of points in the mosquito exposure trial. Results Significant differences in knockdown/mortality were observed along a gradient from the exposure source with higher rates of knockdown/mortality at 2 m and 4 m when compared with the furthest distance (16 m). Knockdown/mortality was also greater at floor level and 1.5 m when compared to 3 m above the floor. Repellency was not significantly different except when comparing 2 m and 16 m taxis cages. Importantly, the two species reacted differently to transfluthrin, with An. minimus being more susceptible to knockdown and mortality. The measured concentrations of airborne transfluthrin ranged from below the limit of detection to 1.32 ng/L, however there were a limited number of evaluable samples complicating interpretation of these results. Conclusions This study, measuring repellency, knockdown and mortality in two malaria vectors in Vietnam demonstrates that both species are sensitive to airborne transfluthrin. The differences in magnitude of response between the two species requires further study before use in large-scale vector control programmes to delineate how spatial repellency would impact the development of insecticide resistance and the disruption of biting behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vu S Nam
- National Institute of Hygiene and Entomology, Ministry of Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Andrew A Lover
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Tran V Phong
- National Institute of Hygiene and Entomology, Ministry of Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tran C Tu
- National Institute of Hygiene and Entomology, Ministry of Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ian H Mendenhall
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.
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Afify A, Betz JF, Riabinina O, Lahondère C, Potter CJ. Commonly Used Insect Repellents Hide Human Odors from Anopheles Mosquitoes. Curr Biol 2019; 29:3669-3680.e5. [PMID: 31630950 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The mode of action for most mosquito repellents is unknown. This is primarily due to the difficulty in monitoring how the mosquito olfactory system responds to repellent odors. Here, we used the Q-system of binary expression to enable activity-dependent Ca2+ imaging in olfactory neurons of the African malaria mosquito Anopheles coluzzii. This system allows neuronal responses to common insect repellents to be directly visualized in living mosquitoes from all olfactory organs, including the antenna. The synthetic repellents N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET) and IR3535 did not activate Anopheles odorant receptor co-receptor (Orco)-expressing olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) at any concentration, and picaridin weakly activated ORNs only at high concentrations. In contrast, natural repellents (i.e. lemongrass oil and eugenol) strongly activated small numbers of ORNs in the Anopheles mosquito antennae at low concentrations. We determined that DEET, IR3535, and picaridin decrease the response of Orco-expressing ORNs when these repellents are physically mixed with activating human-derived odorants. We present evidence that synthetic repellents may primarily exert their olfactory mode of action by decreasing the amount of volatile odorants reaching ORNs. These results suggest that synthetic repellents disruptively change the chemical profile of host scent signatures on the skin surface, rendering humans invisible to Anopheles mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Afify
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Center for Sensory Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Joshua F Betz
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Olena Riabinina
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Center for Sensory Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Chloé Lahondère
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Christopher J Potter
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Center for Sensory Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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Xu P, Zeng F, Bedoukian RH, Leal WS. DEET and other repellents are inhibitors of mosquito odorant receptors for oviposition attractants. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 113:103224. [PMID: 31446031 PMCID: PMC6752049 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2019.103224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In addition to its primary function as an insect repellent, DEET has many "off-label" properties, including a deterrent effect on the attraction of gravid female mosquitoes. DEET negatively affects oviposition sites. While deorphanizing odorant receptors (ORs) using the Xenopus oocyte recording system, we have previously observed that DEET generated outward (inhibitory) currents on ORs sensitive to oviposition attractants. Here, we systematically investigated these inhibitory currents. We recorded dose-dependent outward currents elicited by DEET and other repellents on ORs from Culex quinquefasciatus, Aedes aegypti, and Anopheles gambiae. Similar responses were observed with other plant-derived and plant-inspired compounds, including methyl jasmonate and methyl dihydrojasmolate. Inward (regular) currents elicited by skatole upon activation of CquiOR21 were modulated when this oviposition attractant was coapplied with a repellent. Compounds that generate outward currents in ORs sensitive to oviposition attractants elicited inward currents in a DEET-sensitive receptor, CquiOR136. The best ligand for this receptor, methyl dihydrojasmolate, showed repellency activity but was not as strong as DEET in our test protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingxi Xu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Fangfang Zeng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | | | - Walter S Leal
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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Michalet S, Minard G, Chevalier W, Meiffren G, Saucereau Y, Tran Van V, Comte G, Tran FH, Valiente Moro C. Identification of human skin bacteria attractive to the Asian Tiger mosquito. Environ Microbiol 2019; 21:4662-4674. [PMID: 31464044 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Aedes albopictus is a vector of arboviruses and filarial nematodes. Originating from Asia, this mosquito has rapidly expanded its geographical distribution and colonized areas across both temperate and tropical regions. Due to the increase in insecticide resistance, the use of environmentally friendly vector control methods is encouraged worldwide. Using methods based on semiochemicals in baited traps are promising for management of mosquito populations. Interestingly, human skin microbiota was shown to generate volatile compounds that attract the mosquito species Anopheles gambiae and Aedes aegypti. Here, we investigated the composition of skin bacteria from different volunteers and the attractive potential of individual isolates to nulliparous Ae. albopictus females. We showed that three out of 16 tested isolates were more attractive and two were more repulsive. We identified dodecenol as being preferentially produced by attractive isolates and 2-methyl-1-butanol (and to a lesser extent 3-methyl-1-butanol) as being overproduced by these isolates compared with the other ones. Those bacterial volatile organic compounds represent promising candidates but further studies are needed to evaluate their potential application for baited traps improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Michalet
- Université de Lyon, Ecologie Microbienne, UMR CNRS 5557, UMR INRA 1418, VetAgro Sup, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Guillaume Minard
- Université de Lyon, Ecologie Microbienne, UMR CNRS 5557, UMR INRA 1418, VetAgro Sup, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Wilfried Chevalier
- Université de Lyon, Ecologie Microbienne, UMR CNRS 5557, UMR INRA 1418, VetAgro Sup, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Guillaume Meiffren
- Université de Lyon, Ecologie Microbienne, UMR CNRS 5557, UMR INRA 1418, VetAgro Sup, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Yoann Saucereau
- Université de Lyon, Ecologie Microbienne, UMR CNRS 5557, UMR INRA 1418, VetAgro Sup, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Van Tran Van
- Université de Lyon, Ecologie Microbienne, UMR CNRS 5557, UMR INRA 1418, VetAgro Sup, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Gilles Comte
- Université de Lyon, Ecologie Microbienne, UMR CNRS 5557, UMR INRA 1418, VetAgro Sup, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Florence-Hélène Tran
- Université de Lyon, Ecologie Microbienne, UMR CNRS 5557, UMR INRA 1418, VetAgro Sup, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Claire Valiente Moro
- Université de Lyon, Ecologie Microbienne, UMR CNRS 5557, UMR INRA 1418, VetAgro Sup, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
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Dekel A, Yakir E, Bohbot JD. The sulcatone receptor of the strict nectar-feeding mosquito Toxorhynchites amboinensis. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 111:103174. [PMID: 31129164 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Controlling Ae. aegypti populations and the prevention of mosquito bites includes the development of monitoring, repelling and attract-and-kill strategies that are based on understanding the chemical ecology of these pests. Olfactory-mediated attraction to mammals has recently been linked to the mosquito Aedes aegypti odorant receptor Or4, which is activated by animal-released 6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one (sulcatone). This odorant is also a major component of flower scents and may play a role outside animal-host seeking. To explore the role of this chemical cue, we looked at the interaction between sulcatone and an Or4 homolog expressed in the antennae of the strict nectar-feeding mosquito Toxorhynchites amboinensis. Using the two-electrode voltage clamp of Xenopus oocytes as a heterologous expression system, we show that this receptor is a high intensity sulcatone receptor comparable to its Aedes counterparts. We also show that OR4 is activated by other aliphatic ketones and is inhibited by DEET. This pharmacological characterization suggests that sulcatone may be operating in more than one context in the Culicidae family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Dekel
- Department of Entomology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Esther Yakir
- Department of Entomology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Jonathan D Bohbot
- Department of Entomology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100, Israel.
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36
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Dekel A, Yakir E, Bohbot JD. The evolutionarily conserved indolergic receptors of the non-hematophagous elephant mosquito Toxorhynchites amboinensis. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 110:45-51. [PMID: 31004793 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The conservation of the mosquito indolergic receptors across the Culicinae and Anophelinae mosquito lineages, which spans 200 million years of evolution, is a testament to the central role of indolic compounds in the biology of these insects. Indole and skatole have been associated with the detection of oviposition sites and animal hosts. To evaluate the potential ecological role of these two compounds, we have used a pharmacological approach to characterize homologs of the indolergic receptors Or2 and Or10 in the non-hematophagous elephant mosquito Toxorhynchites amboinensis. We provide evidence that both receptors are narrowly tuned to indole and skatole like their counterparts from hematophagous mosquitoes. These findings indicate that Toxorhynchites detects indole and skatole in an ecological context to be determined and underscore the importance of understanding the role of these compounds in mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Dekel
- Department of Entomology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Esther Yakir
- Department of Entomology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Jonathan D Bohbot
- Department of Entomology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100, Israel.
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Mulatier M, Pennetier C, Porciani A, Chandre F, Dormont L, Cohuet A. Prior contact with permethrin decreases its irritancy at the following exposure among a pyrethroid-resistant malaria vector Anopheles gambiae. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8177. [PMID: 31160750 PMCID: PMC6546682 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44633-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) remain major components for vector control despite the spread of resistance mechanisms among mosquito populations. Multiple exposures to pyrethroids may induce physiological and behavioral changes in mosquitoes, possibly reducing efficacy of control tools. Despite epidemiological relevance, the effects of multiple exposures to pyrethroids on their efficacy against pyrethroid-resistant mosquitoes has received little interest. In the present study, we assessed the effects of a blood-meal successfully obtained upon a permethrin-treated net on the success at taking a second blood-meal in presence of permethrin in Anopheles gambiae, carrying pyrethroid resistance alleles. We also measured the impact of exposure to permethrin on life-history traits to address the delayed efficacy of ITNs. Our results showed that females that successfully blood-fed upon a permethrin-treated net were no longer inhibited by permethrin at the following exposure. Blood-meal inhibition due to permethrin was not affected by female size nor by exposure of mothers when testing the offspring, allowing to discard the effect of genetic or physiological selection. Besides, in our assays, exposure to permethrin did not affect mosquito fecundity, fertility nor survival. These results give insights to understand the long-term efficacy of ITNs, and allow to reevaluate the criteria used when choosing compounds for fighting malaria mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaux Mulatier
- MIVEGEC, IRD, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, France. .,CEFE, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, CNRS, Univ Montpellier, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France.
| | - Cédric Pennetier
- MIVEGEC, IRD, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Institut Pierre Richet, Bouaké, Côte d'Ivoire
| | | | | | - Laurent Dormont
- CEFE, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, CNRS, Univ Montpellier, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Anna Cohuet
- Institut Pierre Richet, Bouaké, Côte d'Ivoire
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Cantrell CL, Ali A, Jones AMP. Isolation and identification of mosquito biting deterrents from the North American mosquito repelling folk remedy plant, Matricaria discoidea DC. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206594. [PMID: 30379955 PMCID: PMC6209309 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Matricaria discoidea DC. (Asteraceae) has documented use as an insect repellent by Blackfoot Indians and other indigenous groups of North America. This investigation was conducted to evaluate this practice and systematically identify chemical constituents responsible for any insect repelling effect by utilizing a mosquito (Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus)) biting deterrent bioactivity-directed purification approach. Hydrodistilled oil from dried aerial parts of M. discoidea was the most bioactive crude extract generated and was as. Fractionation of this extract, followed by re-evaluation for mosquito biting deterrence using the K & D (Klun and Debboun) bioassay, produced many active fractions that were subsequently evaluated by spectroscopic techniques and the most active compounds were determined to be α-terpineol, spathulenol, and neryl isovalerate. A & K (Ali and Khan) large cage in vitro evaluation of pure compounds isolated from M. discoidea indicated α-terpineol to be the most active compound providing complete protection at 25 μg/cm2. This is the first report on the mosquito repellency of neryl isovalerate and scientific evidence reported here validates the traditional use of M. discoidea as a biting-insect deterrent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles L. Cantrell
- Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, University, Mississippi, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Abbas Ali
- National Center for Natural Products Research, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - A. Maxwell P. Jones
- Gosling Research Institute for Plant Preservation, Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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Tamayo‐Ordóñez MC, Ayil‐Gutiérrez BA, Tamayo‐Ordóñez YJ, Rodríguez‐Zapata LC, Monforte‐González M, De la Cruz‐Arguijo EA, García‐Castillo MJ, Sánchez‐Teyer LF. Review and in silico analysis of fermentation, bioenergy, fiber, and biopolymer genes of biotechnological interest in
Agave
L. for genetic improvement and biocatalysis. Biotechnol Prog 2018; 34:1314-1334. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. C. Tamayo‐Ordóñez
- Unidad de Biotecnología. Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 130, Colonia Chuburná de Hidalgo, CP. 97200, Mérida Yucatán Mexico
| | - B. A. Ayil‐Gutiérrez
- CONACYT‐ Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Blvd. del Maestro, s/n, Esq. Elías Piña Reynosa 88710 Mexico
| | - Y. J. Tamayo‐Ordóñez
- Unidad de Biotecnología. Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 130, Colonia Chuburná de Hidalgo, CP. 97200, Mérida Yucatán Mexico
| | - L. C. Rodríguez‐Zapata
- Unidad de Biotecnología. Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 130, Colonia Chuburná de Hidalgo, CP. 97200, Mérida Yucatán Mexico
| | - M. Monforte‐González
- Unidad de Bioquímica Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 130, Colonia Chuburná de Hidalgo, CP. 97200, Mérida Yucatán Mexico
| | - E. A. De la Cruz‐Arguijo
- Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Blvd. del Maestro, s/n, Esq. Elías Piña Reynosa 88710 Mexico
| | - M. J. García‐Castillo
- Unidad de Biotecnología. Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 130, Colonia Chuburná de Hidalgo, CP. 97200, Mérida Yucatán Mexico
| | - L. F. Sánchez‐Teyer
- Unidad de Biotecnología. Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 130, Colonia Chuburná de Hidalgo, CP. 97200, Mérida Yucatán Mexico
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40
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Lee MY. Essential Oils as Repellents against Arthropods. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:6860271. [PMID: 30386794 PMCID: PMC6189689 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6860271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The development of effective and safe repellents against arthropods is very important, because there are no effective vaccines against arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) and parasites. Arboviruses and parasites are transmitted to humans from arthropods, and mosquitoes are the most common arthropods associated with dengue, malaria, and yellow fever. Enormous efforts have been made to develop effective repellents against arthropods, and thus far synthetic repellents have been widely used. However, the use of synthetic repellents has raised several concerns in terms of environmental and human health risks and safety. Thus, plant essential oils (EOs) have been widely used as an alternative to synthetic repellents. In this review, we briefly introduce and summarize recent studies that have investigated EOs as insect repellents. Current technology and research trends to develop effective and safe repellents from plant EOs are also described in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Young Lee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyang–ro, Asan, Chungnam 31537, Republic of Korea
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41
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Ouedraogo L, den Otter CJ. Comparison of single cell sensitivities to acetone, 1-octen-3-ol and 3-methylphenol in the riverine tsetse species Glossina fuscipes fuscipes and G. palpalis palpalis. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 107:144-151. [PMID: 29559304 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Action potentials from individual cells were recorded from antennae (funiculi) of living tsetse flies, Glossina p. palpalis and Glossina f. fuscipes using a "surface-contact" recording technique. Stimuli were vapours of 1-octen-3-ol, acetone and 3-methylphenol. Of the 101 and 128 olfactory cells tested for their sensitivity to odour stimuli in G. p. palpalis and G. f. fuscipes, respectively, the majority (83 and 77%) were activated by more than one chemical. The numbers of these "generalist" cells were 20 and 15% higher in females than in males. Response intensity increased with increasing odour dose. Temporal patterns of excitation were phasic-tonic and showed cells with relatively rapid cessation of spike activity after the end of stimulation and cells which continued firing for several seconds or even minutes after stimulation. Inhibition by odours only occurred in a minority of cells and was dose-dependent. For each of the three substances the excitatory response was significantly higher in G. f. fuscipes than in G. p. palpalis, whereas no significant differences between inhibitory responses were found. In G. f. fuscipes each stimulus evoked equal excitatory responses. In G. p. palpalis, however, acetone induced significantly higher responses than 1-octen-3-ol and 3-methylphenol. Response intensities to each of the three chemicals did not differ between male and female G. p. palpalis, whereas in G. f. fuscipes 1-octen-3-ol evoked significantly higher responses in males. Possible mechanisms of receptor cell odour coding and behavioural effects of the various cell type activities are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamini Ouedraogo
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Animale, Unité de Formation et de la Recherche en Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre (UFR/SVT), Universite Ouaga I Pr Joseph KI-ZERBO, Burkina Faso.
| | - C J den Otter
- FRES, Rijksstraatweg 377, 9752 CH Haren, The Netherlands.
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Legeay S, Clere N, Apaire-Marchais V, Faure S, Lapied B. Unusual modes of action of the repellent DEET in insects highlight some human side effects. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 825:92-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kaleeswaran G, Firake DM, Sanjukta R, Behere GT, Ngachan SV. Bamboo-Leaf Prickly Ash extract: A potential bio-pesticide against oriental leaf worm, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 208:46-55. [PMID: 29248787 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Bamboo-Leaf Prickly Ash, Zanthoxylum armatum (Rutaceae) is a versatile and widely distributed plant species in nature. It is an edible plant species, commonly used in daily life for condiments and therapeutic remedies. Besides its bioactive and medicinal properties, different plant parts of the Z. armatum also have insecticidal potential. However, this potential has not been yet determined against many agricultural pests, including leaf worm, Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). In this study, we demonstrated for the first time the contact and oral toxicity and sub-lethal effects (including antifeedent and ovicidal action) of various fractions of pericarp, leaf and seeds of Z. armatum against S. litura. Overall findings revealed that the n-hexane pericarp extract of Z. armatum has strong antifeedent, ovicidal and larvicidal properties against S. litura. Sub-lethal doses of pericarp extract can negatively alter the biology of S. litura. Since n-hexane extract of leaves also has better larvicidal properties, it could also be utilized for the S. litura management during period of unavailability of fruits (or pericarp). Accordingly, the Z. armatum pericarp and leaf extract has tremendous commercial utilization potential for the management of polyphagus pests like S. litura and other related species, which are quite difficult to manage even by chemical pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kaleeswaran
- School of Crop Protection, College of Post Graduate-Studies (Central Agricultural University), Umiam 793103, Meghalaya, India
| | - D M Firake
- Division of Crop Protection, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam 793103, Meghalaya, India.
| | - R Sanjukta
- Division of Animal Health, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam 793103, Meghalaya, India
| | - G T Behere
- Division of Crop Protection, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam 793103, Meghalaya, India
| | - S V Ngachan
- Division of Crop Protection, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam 793103, Meghalaya, India
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Boonyuan W, Sathantriphop S, Tainchum K, Muenworn V, Prabaripai A, Bangs MJ, Chareonviriyaphap T. Insecticidal and Behavioral Avoidance Responses of Anopheles minimus and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) to Three Synthetic Repellents. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2017; 54:1312-1322. [PMID: 28419272 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjx081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Escape responses, knockdown (KD), and toxicity of laboratory strains of Anopheles minimus Theobald and Culex quinquefasciatus Say to three synthetic mosquito repellents, DEET (N, N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide), IR3535, or picaridin, at 5% v/v concentrations, were evaluated using repellent-treated papers in standard WHO tube assays and an excito-repellency (ER) test chamber system. The tube assays recorded knockdown effects of each repellent immediately after 30-min exposure and the final morality following a 24-h holding period. DEET showed 100% KD at 30 min and complete toxicity at 24 h against both species. Both actions were either minimal or absent for IR3535 and picaridin, respectively. Culex quinquefasciatus showed significantly greater escape with DEET compared with the other compounds in both contact irritancy (excitation) and noncontact spatial repellency trials. Anopheles minimus showed much more pronounced irritancy and repellency flight escape to IR3535 than picaridin. DEET was the most active irritant and repellent compound against Cx. quinquefasciatus. When adjusting contact test responses based on paired noncontact repellency assays, DEET and IR3535 showed much stronger spatial repellent properties than irritancy with An. minimus. Picaridin performed poorly as an irritant or repellent against both species. We conclude that DEET, followed by IR3535, act as strong spatial repellents at 5% concentration. DEET also performs as a strong toxicant. Our findings show that different mosquitoes can respond contrastingly to repellents, thus the importance to test a wider range of species and populations to assess the full range of chemical action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasana Boonyuan
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Center for Advanced Studies for Agriculture and Food, Kasetsart University Institute for Advanced Studies, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | | | - Krajana Tainchum
- Center for Advanced Studies for Agriculture and Food, Kasetsart University Institute for Advanced Studies, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Department of Pest Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, Bangkok 90110, Thailand
| | - Vithee Muenworn
- Department of Plant Science and Agricultural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Atchariya Prabaripai
- Division of Computer and Statistics, Faculty of Liberal Art and Science, Kasetsart University, Kamphaensean, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand
| | - Michael J Bangs
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Public Health & Malaria Control Department, PT Freeport Indonesia, International SOS, Jl. Kertajasa Kuala Kencana, Papua 99920, Indonesia
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45
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Muema JM, Bargul JL, Njeru SN, Onyango JO, Imbahale SS. Prospects for malaria control through manipulation of mosquito larval habitats and olfactory-mediated behavioural responses using plant-derived compounds. Parasit Vectors 2017; 10:184. [PMID: 28412962 PMCID: PMC5392979 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-017-2122-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria presents an overwhelming public health challenge, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa where vector favourable conditions and poverty prevail, potentiating the disease burden. Behavioural variability of malaria vectors poses a great challenge to existing vector control programmes with insecticide resistance already acquired to nearly all available chemical compounds. Thus, approaches incorporating plant-derived compounds to manipulate semiochemical-mediated behaviours through disruption of mosquito olfactory sensory system have considerably gained interests to interrupt malaria transmission cycle. The combination of push-pull methods and larval control have the potential to reduce malaria vector populations, thus minimising the risk of contracting malaria especially in resource-constrained communities where access to synthetic insecticides is a challenge. In this review, we have compiled information regarding the current status of knowledge on manipulation of larval ecology and chemical-mediated behaviour of adult mosquitoes with plant-derived compounds for controlling mosquito populations. Further, an update on the current advancements in technologies to improve longevity and efficiency of these compounds for field applications has been provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackson M Muema
- Department of Biochemistry, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Joel L Bargul
- Department of Biochemistry, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.,Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics Unit, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Sospeter N Njeru
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kisii University, P.O. Box 408-40200, Kisii, Kenya.,Present Address: Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI) - Leibniz Institute of Aging Research, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Joab O Onyango
- Department of Chemical Science and Technology, Technical University of Kenya, P.O. Box 52428-00200, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Susan S Imbahale
- Department of Applied and Technical Biology, Technical University of Kenya, P.O. Box 52428-00200, Nairobi, Kenya
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Wang P, Xu X, Liao S, Song J, Fan G, Chen S, Wang Z. Quantitative structure-activity relationship study of amide mosquito repellents. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 28:341-353. [PMID: 28521600 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2017.1320585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) study on 43 amide repellents was carried out by the heuristic method in order to reveal the correlations between molecular parameters of these amides and their repellency against Aedes aegypti. Sketches and optimizations of molecular structures were achieved by the Gaussian software package. Generation and screening of molecular parameters were accomplished using CODESSA 2.7.10 software. The leave-one-out method was applied for the model validation. The results showed that a four-descriptor QSAR model with r2 of 0.897 was obtained. The average r2 values of the training set and test set of the QSAR model were 0.901 and 0.863, respectively, which suggested that the stability and predictability of the model were confirmed. Analysis of the implications of the descriptors that constitute the QSAR model indicated that all the descriptors were related to the charge distribution over the molecule and affect the dipole moment of the repellents.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Wang
- a College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Camphor Tree Engineering and Technology Research Center of State Forestry Administration and Jiangxi Province , Nanchang , China
| | - X Xu
- a College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Camphor Tree Engineering and Technology Research Center of State Forestry Administration and Jiangxi Province , Nanchang , China
| | - S Liao
- a College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Camphor Tree Engineering and Technology Research Center of State Forestry Administration and Jiangxi Province , Nanchang , China
| | - J Song
- b Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Michigan-Flint , Flint , MI , USA
| | - G Fan
- a College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Camphor Tree Engineering and Technology Research Center of State Forestry Administration and Jiangxi Province , Nanchang , China
| | - S Chen
- a College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Camphor Tree Engineering and Technology Research Center of State Forestry Administration and Jiangxi Province , Nanchang , China
| | - Z Wang
- a College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Camphor Tree Engineering and Technology Research Center of State Forestry Administration and Jiangxi Province , Nanchang , China
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Alzogaray RA, Zerba EN. Rhodnius prolixus intoxicated. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 97:93-113. [PMID: 27113321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Rhodnius prolixus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) is a hematophagous insect native from South America. By the end of the 20th century, it was one of the main vectors of Chagas disease in Venezuela, Colombia, several Central American countries and southern Mexico. The aim of the present article is to review the literature regarding R. prolixus toxicology. British entomologist Vincent B. Wigglesworth carried out the first studies on this subject over seventy years ago. A wide bibliographical search allowed to locate one hundred and thirty scientific articles describing the effects of different insecticides on R. prolixus. About one-third of these articles report the acute toxicity and/or sublethal effects produced by the main synthetic neurotoxic families of insecticides (organochlorines, organophosphates, carbamates and pyrethroids). Only a couple of these studies have regarded the toxicokinetics or toxicodynamics of these insecticides. Insect growth or development disruptors, such as juvenoids, chitin synthesis inhibitors, precocenes, azadirachtin and lignoids, have been thoroughly studied in R. prolixus. Important aspects on the mode of action of ureases were also described in this species. By the end of the 1960's, resistance to insecticides was detected in R. prolixus from Venezuela. Some years later, the existence of pyrethroid-resistant individuals was also reported. Control programmes for R. prolixus in countries where Chagas is endemic have only used synthetic neurotoxic insecticides. In 2011, Central America and southern Mexico were declared free of this insect. The recent sequencing of the R. prolixus genome will provide valuable information to understand the molecular basis of insecticide resistance in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl A Alzogaray
- UNIDEF, CITEDEF, CONICET, CIPEIN, Villa Martelli, Argentina; Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental (3IA), Universidad Nacional de San Martín, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Eduardo N Zerba
- UNIDEF, CITEDEF, CONICET, CIPEIN, Villa Martelli, Argentina; Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental (3IA), Universidad Nacional de San Martín, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Dekel A, Pitts RJ, Yakir E, Bohbot JD. Evolutionarily conserved odorant receptor function questions ecological context of octenol role in mosquitoes. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37330. [PMID: 27849027 PMCID: PMC5110965 DOI: 10.1038/srep37330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Olfaction is a key insect adaptation to a wide range of habitats. In the last thirty years, the detection of octenol by blood-feeding insects has been primarily understood in the context of animal host-seeking. The recent discovery of a conserved octenol receptor gene in the strictly nectar-feeding elephant mosquito Toxorhynchites amboinensis (TaOr8) suggests a different biological role. Here, we show that TaOR8 is a functional ortholog of its counterparts in blood-feeding mosquitoes displaying selectivity towards the (R)-enantiomer of octenol and susceptibility to the insect repellent DEET. These findings suggest that while the function of OR8 has been maintained throughout mosquito evolution, the context in which this receptor is operating has diverged in blood and nectar-feeding mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Dekel
- Department of Entomology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Ronald J. Pitts
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Esther Yakir
- Department of Entomology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Jonathan D. Bohbot
- Department of Entomology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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Clark JT, Ray A. Olfactory Mechanisms for Discovery of Odorants to Reduce Insect-Host Contact. J Chem Ecol 2016; 42:919-930. [PMID: 27628342 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-016-0770-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Insects have developed highly sophisticated and sensitive olfactory systems to find animal or plant hosts for feeding. Some insects vector pathogens that cause diseases in hundreds of millions of people and destroy billions of dollars of food products every year. There is great interest, therefore, in understanding how the insect olfactory system can be manipulated to reduce their contact with hosts. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of insect olfactory detection mechanisms, which may serve as a foundation for designing insect control programs based on manipulation of their behaviors by using odorants. Because every insect species has a unique set of olfactory receptors and olfactory-mediated behaviors, we focus primarily on general principles of odor detection that potentially apply to most insects. While these mechanisms have emerged from studies on model systems for study of insect olfaction, such as Drosophila melanogaster, they provide a foundation for discovery of odorants to repel vector insects or reduce their host-seeking behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan T Clark
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Anandasankar Ray
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA. .,Entomology Department, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA. .,Center for Disease Vector Research, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
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Tisgratog R, Kongmee M, Sanguanpong U, Prabaripai A, Bangs MJ, Chareonviriyaphap T. Evaluation of a Noncontact, Alternative Mosquito Repellent Assay System. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION 2016; 32:177-184. [PMID: 27802399 DOI: 10.2987/16-6567.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel noncontact repellency assay system (NCRAS) was designed and evaluated as a possible alternative method for testing compounds that repel or inhibit mosquitoes from blood feeding. Deet and Aedes aegypti were used in a controlled laboratory setting. Using 2 study designs, a highly significant difference were seen between deet-treated and untreated skin placed behind the protective screens, indicating that deet was detected and was acting as a deterrence to mosquito landing and probing behavior. However, a 2nd study showed significant differences between protected (behind a metal screen barrier) and unprotected (exposed) deet-treated forearms, indicating the screen mesh might restrict the detection of deet and thus influences landing/biting response. These findings indicate the prototype NCRAS shows good promise but requires further evaluation and possible modification in design and testing protocol to achieve more desirable operational attributes in comparison with direct skin-contact repellency mosquito assays.
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