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Zhang R, Mu X, Liu D, Chen C, Meng B, Qu Y, Liu J, Wang R, Li C, Mao X, Wang Q, Zhang Q. Apoptotic vesicles rescue impaired mesenchymal stem cells and their therapeutic capacity for osteoporosis by restoring miR-145a-5p deficiency. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:580. [PMID: 39304875 PMCID: PMC11414301 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02829-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Apoptotic vesicles (apoVs) play a vital role in various physiological and pathological conditions. However, we have yet to fully understand their precise biological effects in rescuing impaired mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Here, we proved that systemic infusion of MSCs derived from wild-type (WT) mice rather than from ovariectomized (OVX) mice effectively improved the osteopenia phenotype and rescued the impaired recipient MSCs in osteoporotic mice. Meanwhile, apoVs derived from WT MSCs (WT apoVs) instead of OVX apoVs efficiently restored the impaired biological function of OVX MSCs and their ability to improve osteoporosis. Mechanistically, the reduced miR-145a-5p expression hindered the osteogenic differentiation and immunomodulatory capacity of OVX MSCs by affecting the TGF-β/Smad 2/3-Wnt/β-catenin signaling axis, resulting in the development of osteoporosis. WT apoVs directly transferred miR-145a-5p to OVX MSCs, which were then reused to restore their impaired biological functions. The differential expression of miR-145a-5p is responsible for the distinct efficacy between the two types of apoVs. Overall, our findings unveil the remarkable potential of apoVs, as a novel nongenetic engineering approach, in rescuing the biological function and therapeutic capability of MSCs derived from patients. This discovery offers a new avenue for exploring apoVs-based stem cell engineering and expands the application scope of stem cell therapy, contributing to the maintenance of bone homeostasis through a previously unrecognized mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhang
- Department of Temporomandibular Joint, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180, China
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, China
| | - Xiaodan Mu
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Dawei Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School & Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chider Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Bowen Meng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, China
| | - Yan Qu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Lab of Aging Research and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Runci Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Chuanjie Li
- Department of Temporomandibular Joint, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180, China
| | - Xueli Mao
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, China
| | - Qintao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China.
| | - Qingbin Zhang
- Department of Temporomandibular Joint, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180, China.
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Zhang R, Mu X, Liu D, Chen C, Meng B, Qu Y, Liu J, Wang R, Li C, Mao X, Wang Q, Zhang Q. Apoptotic vesicles rescue impaired mesenchymal stem cells and their therapeutic capacity for osteoporosis by restoring miR-145a-5p deficiency. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4416138. [PMID: 38883762 PMCID: PMC11177995 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4416138/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Apoptotic vesicles (apoVs) play a vital role in various pathological conditions; however, we have yet to fully understand their precise biological effects in rescuing impaired mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and regulating tissue homeostasis. Here, we proved that systemic infusion of bone marrow MSCs derived from wild-type (WT) mice effectively improved the osteopenia phenotype and hyperimmune state in ovariectomized (OVX) mice. Importantly, the WT MSCs rescued the impairment of OVX MSCs both in vivo and in vitro, whereas OVX MSCs did not show the same efficacy. Interestingly, treatment with apoVs derived from WT MSCs (WT apoVs) restored the impaired biological function of OVX MSCs and their ability to improve osteoporosis. This effect was not observed with OVX MSCs-derived apoVs (OVX apoVs) treatment. Mechanistically, the reduced miR-145a-5p expression hindered the osteogenic differentiation and immunomodulatory capacity of OVX MSCs by affecting the TGF-β/Smad 2/3-Wnt/β-catenin signaling axis, resulting in the development of osteoporosis. WT apoVs directly transferred miR-145a-5p to OVX MSCs, which were then reused to restore their impaired biological functions. Conversely, treatment with OVX apoVs did not produce significant effects due to their limited expression of miR-145a-5p. Overall, our findings unveil the remarkable potential of apoVs in rescuing the biological function and therapeutic capability of MSCs derived from individuals with diseases. This discovery offers a new avenue for exploring apoVs-based MSC engineering and expands the application scope of stem cell therapy, contributing to the maintenance of bone homeostasis through a previously unrecognized mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dawei Liu
- Peking University School & Hospital of Stomatology
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Albright JA, Testa EJ, Ibrahim Z, Quinn MS, Chang K, Alsoof D, Diebo BG, Barrett TJ, Daniels AH. Postoperative Angiotensin Receptor Blocker Use is Associated With Decreased Rates of Manipulation Under Anesthesia, Arthroscopic Lysis of Adhesions, and Prosthesis-Related Complications in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty 2024; 39:954-959.e1. [PMID: 37852448 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2023.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cellular mechanisms underlying excess scar tissue formation in arthrofibrosis following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are well-described. Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), particularly losartan, is a commonly prescribed antihypertensive with demonstrated antifibrotic properties. This retrospective study aimed to assess the rates of 1- and 2-year postoperative complications in patients who filled prescriptions for ARBs during the 90 days after TKA. METHODS Patients undergoing primary TKA were selected from a large national insurance database, and the impact of ARB use after TKA on complications was assessed. Of the 1,299,106 patients who underwent TKA, 82,065 had filled at least a 90-day prescription of losartan, valsartan, or olmesartan immediately following their TKA. The rates of manipulation under anesthesia (MUA), arthroscopic lysis of adhesions (LOA), aseptic loosening, periprosthetic fracture, and revision at 1 and 2 years following TKA were analyzed using multivariable logistic regressions to control for various comorbidities. RESULTS ARB use was associated with decreased rates of MUA (odds ratio [OR] = 0.94, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.90 to 0.99), arthroscopy/LOA (OR = 0.86, 95% CI, 0.77 to 0.95), aseptic loosening (OR = 0.71, 95% CI, 0.61 to 0.83), periprosthetic fracture (OR = 0.58, 95% CI, 0.46 to 0.71), and revision (OR = 0.79, 95% CI, 0.74 to 0.85) 2 years after TKA. CONCLUSIONS ARB use throughout the 90 days after TKA is associated with a decreased risk of MUA, arthroscopy/LOA, aseptic loosening, periprosthetic fracture, and revision, demonstrating the potential protective abilities of ARBs. Prospective studies evaluating the use of ARBs in patients at risk for postoperative stiffness would be beneficial to further elucidate this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Alex Albright
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Edward J Testa
- Department of Orthopaedics, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Zainab Ibrahim
- Department of Orthopaedics, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Matthew S Quinn
- Department of Orthopaedics, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Kenny Chang
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Daniel Alsoof
- Department of Orthopaedics, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Bassel G Diebo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Thomas J Barrett
- Department of Orthopaedics, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Alan H Daniels
- Department of Orthopaedics, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island
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He J, Liu B, Du X, Wei Y, Kong D, Feng B, Guo R, Asiamah EA, Griffin MD, Hynes SO, Shen S, Liu Y, Cui H, Ma J, O'Brien T. Amelioration of diabetic nephropathy in mice by a single intravenous injection of human mesenchymal stromal cells at early and later disease stages is associated with restoration of autophagy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:66. [PMID: 38443965 PMCID: PMC10916232 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03647-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) a potentially effective disease-modulating therapy for diabetic nephropathy (DN) but their clinical translation has been hampered by incomplete understanding of the optimal timing of administration and in vivo mechanisms of action. This study aimed to elucidate the reno-protective potency and associated mechanisms of single intravenous injections of human umbilical cord-derived MSCs (hUC-MSCs) following shorter and longer durations of diabetes. METHODS A streptozotocin (STZ)-induced model of diabetes and DN was established in C57BL/6 mice. In groups of diabetic animals, human (h)UC-MSCs or vehicle were injected intravenously at 8 or 16 weeks after STZ along with vehicle-injected non-diabetic animals. Diabetes-related kidney abnormalities was analyzed 2 weeks later by urine and serum biochemical assays, histology, transmission electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Serum concentrations of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic cytokines were quantified by ELISA. The expression of autophagy-related proteins within the renal cortices was investigated by immunoblotting. Bio-distribution of hUC-MSCs in kidney and other organs was evaluated in diabetic mice by injection of fluorescent-labelled cells. RESULTS Compared to non-diabetic controls, diabetic mice had increases in urine albumin creatinine ratio (uACR), mesangial matrix deposition, podocyte foot process effacement, glomerular basement membrane thickening and interstitial fibrosis as well as reduced podocyte numbers at both 10 and 18 weeks after STZ. Early (8 weeks) hUC-MSC injection was associated with reduced uACR and improvements in multiple glomerular and renal interstitial abnormalities as well as reduced serum IL-6, TNF-α, and TGF-β1 compared to vehicle-injected animals. Later (16 weeks) hUC-MSC injection also resulted in reduction of diabetes-associated renal abnormalities and serum TGF-β1 but not of serum IL-6 and TNF-α. At both time-points, the kidneys of vehicle-injected diabetic mice had higher ratio of p-mTOR to mTOR, increased abundance of p62, lower abundance of ULK1 and Atg12, and reduced ratio of LC3B to LC3A compared to non-diabetic animals, consistent with diabetes-associated suppression of autophagy. These changes were largely reversed in the kidneys of hUC-MSC-injected mice. In contrast, neither early nor later hUC-MSC injection had effects on blood glucose and body weight of diabetic animals. Small numbers of CM-Dil-labeled hUC-MSCs remained detectable in kidneys, lungs and liver of diabetic mice at 14 days after intravenous injection. CONCLUSIONS Single intravenous injections of hUC-MSCs ameliorated glomerular abnormalities and interstitial fibrosis in a mouse model of STZ-induced diabetes without affecting hyperglycemia, whether administered at relatively short or longer duration of diabetes. At both time-points, the reno-protective effects of hUC-MSCs were associated with reduced circulating TGF-β1 and restoration of intra-renal autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing He
- Hebei Medical University-University of Galway Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei International Joint Research Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
| | - Boxin Liu
- Hebei Medical University-University of Galway Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei International Joint Research Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiaofeng Du
- Hebei Medical University-University of Galway Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei International Joint Research Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yan Wei
- Hebei Medical University-University of Galway Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei International Joint Research Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
| | - Desheng Kong
- Hebei Medical University-University of Galway Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei International Joint Research Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
| | - Baofeng Feng
- Hebei Medical University-University of Galway Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei International Joint Research Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Human Anatomy Department, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ruiyun Guo
- Hebei Medical University-University of Galway Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei International Joint Research Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ernest Amponsah Asiamah
- Hebei Medical University-University of Galway Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei International Joint Research Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Department of Forensic Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast, PMB UCC, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Matthew D Griffin
- Hebei Medical University-University of Galway Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Sean O Hynes
- Discipline of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Sanbing Shen
- Hebei Medical University-University of Galway Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei Medical University Third Affiliated Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, China
| | - Huixian Cui
- Hebei Medical University-University of Galway Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei International Joint Research Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Human Anatomy Department, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Hebei Medical University-University of Galway Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China.
- Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China.
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China.
- Hebei International Joint Research Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China.
- Human Anatomy Department, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China.
| | - Timothy O'Brien
- Hebei Medical University-University of Galway Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China.
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
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Zhu X, Zhou Y, Wen Z, Ye W, Gao L, Xu Y. Association between Dietary Inflammatory Index and Bone Mineral Density Changes among Pregnant Women: A Prospective Study in China. Nutrients 2024; 16:455. [PMID: 38337739 PMCID: PMC10857122 DOI: 10.3390/nu16030455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to examine the relationship between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and bone mineral density (BMD) changes among Chinese pregnant women, offering valuable insights for dietary guidance during pregnancy. METHODS 289 pregnant women were enrolled in this cohort. Serum inflammatory factors and ultrasonic BMD were measured at the first, second, and the third trimesters. DII scores were calculated based on a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and divided into tertiles. We compared the differences in inflammatory factors in serum across the tertiles of DII and changes in BMD at the second and third trimesters across the tertiles. RESULTS The participants with higher DII scores had higher total energy intakes than those with lower DII scores. The serum level of interleukin-6 (IL-6) was significantly different across the tertiles of the DII. Women who had lower DII scores had higher T-scores and Z-scores in the BMD assessment. In the test of trends, after adjusting potential covariates, including educational level, physical activity, body mass index, and calcium, vitamin D, or multivitamin supplements, DII values were determined to be positively related to the maternal BMD lost. CONCLUSIONS DII was positively associated with serum IL-6. Meanwhile, higher DII scores were associated with more bone mass loss in pregnant women. We recommend adhering to a lower-DII diet to preserve BMD during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan 7 Road, Beijing 100191, China; (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Z.W.); (W.Y.)
- Beifang Branch of Peking University Third Hospital, Chedaogou No. 10, Beijing 100089, China;
| | - Yalin Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan 7 Road, Beijing 100191, China; (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Z.W.); (W.Y.)
| | - Zhang Wen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan 7 Road, Beijing 100191, China; (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Z.W.); (W.Y.)
| | - Wanyun Ye
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan 7 Road, Beijing 100191, China; (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Z.W.); (W.Y.)
| | - Lan Gao
- Beifang Branch of Peking University Third Hospital, Chedaogou No. 10, Beijing 100089, China;
| | - Yajun Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan 7 Road, Beijing 100191, China; (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Z.W.); (W.Y.)
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Insua A, Galindo-Moreno P, Miron RJ, Wang HL, Monje A. Emerging factors affecting peri-implant bone metabolism. Periodontol 2000 2024; 94:27-78. [PMID: 37904311 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Implant dentistry has evolved to the point that standard implant osseointegration is predictable. This is attributed in part to the advancements in material sciences that have led toward improvements in implant surface technology and characteristics. Nonetheless, there remain several cases where implant therapy fails (specifically at early time points), most commonly attributed to factors affecting bone metabolism. Among these patients, smokers are known to have impaired bone metabolism and thus be subject to higher risks of early implant failure and/or late complications related to the stability of the peri-implant bone and mucosal tissues. Notably, however, emerging data have unveiled other critical factors affecting osseointegration, namely, those related to the metabolism of bone tissues. The aim of this review is to shed light on the effects of implant-related factors, like implant surface or titanium particle release; surgical-related factors, like osseodensification or implanted biomaterials; various drugs, like selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, proton pump inhibitors, anti-hypertensives, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication, and statins, and host-related factors, like smoking, diet, and metabolic syndrome on bone metabolism, and aseptic peri-implant bone loss. Despite the infectious nature of peri-implant biological complications, these factors must be surveyed for the effective prevention and management of peri-implantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Insua
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Pablo Galindo-Moreno
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Richard J Miron
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hom-Lay Wang
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Alberto Monje
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Periodontology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
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Ehnert S, Rinderknecht H, Liu C, Voss M, Konrad FM, Eisler W, Alexander D, Ngamsri KC, Histing T, Rollmann MF, Nussler AK. Increased Levels of BAMBI Inhibit Canonical TGF-β Signaling in Chronic Wound Tissues. Cells 2023; 12:2095. [PMID: 37626905 PMCID: PMC10453918 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic wounds affect more than 2% of the population worldwide, with a significant burden on affected individuals, healthcare systems, and societies. A key regulator of the entire wound healing cascade is transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), which regulates not only inflammation and extracellular matrix formation but also revascularization. This present work aimed at characterizing wound tissues obtained from acute and chronic wounds regarding angiogenesis, inflammation, as well as ECM formation and degradation, to identify common disturbances in the healing process. Serum and wound tissues from 38 patients (N = 20 acute and N = 18 chronic wounds) were analyzed. The patients' sera suggested a shift from VEGF/VEGFR to ANGPT/TIE2 signaling in the chronic wounds. However, this shift was not confirmed in the wound tissues. Instead, the chronic wound tissues showed increased levels of MMP9, a known activator of TGF-β. However, regulation of TGF-β target genes, such as CTGF, COL1A1, or IL-6, was absent in the chronic wounds. In wound tissues, all three TGF-β isoforms were expressed with increased levels of TGF-β1 and TGF-β3 and a reporter assay confirmed that the expressed TGF-β was activated. However, Western blots and immunostaining showed decreased canonical TGF-β signaling in the respective chronic wound tissues, suggesting the presence of a TGF-β inhibitor. As a potential regulatory mechanism, the TGF-β proteome profiler array suggested elevated levels of the TGF-β pseudo-receptor BAMBI. Also, tissue expression of BAMBI was significantly increased not only in chronic wounds (10.6-fold) but also in acute wounds that had become chronic (9.5-fold). In summary, our data indicate a possible regulatory role of BAMBI in the development of chronic wounds. The available few in vivo studies support our findings by postulating a therapeutic potential of BAMBI for controlling scar formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Ehnert
- Siegfried Weller Research Institute, BG Unfallklinik Tübingen, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076 Tübingen, Germany (W.E.); (M.F.R.); (A.K.N.)
| | - Helen Rinderknecht
- Siegfried Weller Research Institute, BG Unfallklinik Tübingen, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076 Tübingen, Germany (W.E.); (M.F.R.); (A.K.N.)
| | - Chao Liu
- Siegfried Weller Research Institute, BG Unfallklinik Tübingen, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076 Tübingen, Germany (W.E.); (M.F.R.); (A.K.N.)
| | - Melanie Voss
- Siegfried Weller Research Institute, BG Unfallklinik Tübingen, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076 Tübingen, Germany (W.E.); (M.F.R.); (A.K.N.)
| | - Franziska M. Konrad
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 3, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (F.M.K.); (K.-C.N.)
| | - Wiebke Eisler
- Siegfried Weller Research Institute, BG Unfallklinik Tübingen, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076 Tübingen, Germany (W.E.); (M.F.R.); (A.K.N.)
| | - Dorothea Alexander
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, Osianderstr 2-8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Kristian-Christos Ngamsri
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 3, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (F.M.K.); (K.-C.N.)
| | - Tina Histing
- Siegfried Weller Research Institute, BG Unfallklinik Tübingen, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076 Tübingen, Germany (W.E.); (M.F.R.); (A.K.N.)
| | - Mika F. Rollmann
- Siegfried Weller Research Institute, BG Unfallklinik Tübingen, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076 Tübingen, Germany (W.E.); (M.F.R.); (A.K.N.)
| | - Andreas K. Nussler
- Siegfried Weller Research Institute, BG Unfallklinik Tübingen, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076 Tübingen, Germany (W.E.); (M.F.R.); (A.K.N.)
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8
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Toejing P, Sakunrangsit N, Pho-On P, Phetkong C, Leelahavanichkul A, Sridurongrit S, Greenblatt MB, Lotinun S. Accelerated Bone Loss in Transgenic Mice Expressing Constitutively Active TGF-β Receptor Type I. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10797. [PMID: 37445982 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is a key factor mediating the intercellular crosstalk between the hematopoietic stem cells and their microenvironment. Here, we investigated the skeletal phenotype of transgenic mice expressing constitutively active TGF-β receptor type I under the control of Mx1-Cre (Mx1;TβRICA mice). μCT analysis showed decreased cortical thickness, and cancellous bone volume in both femurs and mandibles. Histomorphometric analysis confirmed a decrease in cancellous bone volume due to increased osteoclast number and decreased osteoblast number. Primary osteoblasts showed decreased ALP and mineralization. Constitutive TβRI activation increased osteoclast differentiation. qPCR analysis showed that Tnfsf11/Tnfrsf11b ratio, Ctsk, Sufu, and Csf1 were increased whereas Runx2, Ptch1, and Ptch2 were decreased in Mx1;TβRICA femurs. Interestingly, Gli1, Wnt3a, Sp7, Alpl, Ptch1, Ptch2, and Shh mRNA expression were reduced whereas Tnfsf11/Tnfrsf11b ratio was increased in Mx1;TβRICA mandibles. Similarly, osteoclast-related genes were increased in Mx1;TβRICA osteoclasts whereas osteoblast-related genes were reduced in Mx1;TβRICA osteoblasts. Western blot analysis indicated that SMAD2 and SMAD3 phosphorylation was increased in Mx1;TβRICA osteoblasts, and SMAD3 phosphorylation was increased in Mx1;TβRICA osteoclasts. CTSK was increased while RUNX2 and PTCH1 was decreased in Mx1;TβRICA mice. Microindentation analysis indicated decreased hardness in Mx1;TβRICA mice. Our study indicated that Mx1;TβRICA mice were osteopenic by increasing osteoclast number and decreasing osteoblast number, possibly by suppressing Hedgehog signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parichart Toejing
- Center of Excellence in Skeletal Disorders and Enzyme Reaction Mechanism, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nithidol Sakunrangsit
- Center of Excellence in Skeletal Disorders and Enzyme Reaction Mechanism, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pinyada Pho-On
- Center of Excellence in Skeletal Disorders and Enzyme Reaction Mechanism, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Chinnatam Phetkong
- Center of Excellence in Skeletal Disorders and Enzyme Reaction Mechanism, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Asada Leelahavanichkul
- Division of Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Somyoth Sridurongrit
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Matthew B Greenblatt
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine and Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sutada Lotinun
- Center of Excellence in Skeletal Disorders and Enzyme Reaction Mechanism, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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9
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Liu H, Müller PE, Aszódi A, Klar RM. Osteochondrogenesis by TGF-β3, BMP-2 and noggin growth factor combinations in an ex vivo muscle tissue model: Temporal function changes affecting tissue morphogenesis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1140118. [PMID: 37008034 PMCID: PMC10060664 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1140118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In the absence of clear molecular insight, the biological mechanism behind the use of growth factors applied in osteochondral regeneration is still unresolved. The present study aimed to resolve whether multiple growth factors applied to muscle tissue in vitro, such as TGF-β3, BMP-2 and Noggin, can lead to appropriate tissue morphogenesis with a specific osteochondrogenic nature, thereby revealing the underlying molecular interaction mechanisms during the differentiation process. Interestingly, although the results showed the typical modulatory effect of BMP-2 and TGF-β3 on the osteochondral process, and Noggin seemingly downregulated specific signals such as BMP-2 activity, we also discovered a synergistic effect between TGF-β3 and Noggin that positively influenced tissue morphogenesis. Noggin was observed to upregulate BMP-2 and OCN at specific time windows of culture in the presence of TGF-β3, suggesting a temporal time switch causing functional changes in the signaling protein. This implies that signals change their functions throughout the process of new tissue formation, which may depend on the presence or absence of specific singular or multiple signaling cues. If this is the case, the signaling cascade is far more intricate and complex than originally believed, warranting intensive future investigations so that regenerative therapies of a critical clinical nature can function properly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Musculoskeletal University Center Munich (MUM), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, The Fourth Medical College of Peking University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Heng Liu, ; Roland M. Klar,
| | - Peter E. Müller
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Musculoskeletal University Center Munich (MUM), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Attila Aszódi
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Musculoskeletal University Center Munich (MUM), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Roland M. Klar
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Musculoskeletal University Center Munich (MUM), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, United States
- *Correspondence: Heng Liu, ; Roland M. Klar,
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10
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Murayama M, Hirata H, Shiraki M, Iovanna JL, Yamaza T, Kukita T, Komori T, Moriishi T, Ueno M, Morimoto T, Mawatari M, Kukita A. Nupr1 deficiency downregulates HtrA1, enhances SMAD1 signaling, and suppresses age-related bone loss in male mice. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:566-581. [PMID: 36715607 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1) is a stress-induced protein activated by various stresses, such as inflammation and oxidative stress. We previously reported that Nupr1 deficiency increased bone volume by enhancing bone formation in 11-week-old mice. Analysis of differentially expressed genes between wild-type (WT) and Nupr1-knockout (Nupr1-KO) osteocytes revealed that high temperature requirement A 1 (HTRA1), a serine protease implicated in osteogenesis and transforming growth factor-β signaling was markedly downregulated in Nupr1-KO osteocytes. Nupr1 deficiency also markedly reduced HtrA1 expression, but enhanced SMAD1 signaling in in vitro-cultured primary osteoblasts. In contrast, Nupr1 overexpression enhanced HtrA1 expression in osteoblasts, suggesting that Nupr1 regulates HtrA1 expression, thereby suppressing osteoblastogenesis. Since HtrA1 is also involved in cellular senescence and age-related diseases, we analyzed aging-related bone loss in Nupr1-KO mice. Significant spine trabecular bone loss was noted in WT male and female mice during 6-19 months of age, whereas aging-related trabecular bone loss was attenuated, especially in Nupr1-KO male mice. Moreover, cellular senescence-related markers were upregulated in the osteocytes of 6-19-month-old WT male mice but markedly downregulated in the osteocytes of 19-month-old Nupr1-KO male mice. Oxidative stress-induced cellular senescence stimulated Nupr1 and HtrA1 expression in in vitro-cultured primary osteoblasts, and Nupr1 overexpression enhanced p16ink4a expression in osteoblasts. Finally, NUPR1 expression in osteocytes isolated from the bones of patients with osteoarthritis was correlated with age. Collectively, these results indicate that Nupr1 regulates HtrA1-mediated osteoblast differentiation and senescence. Our findings unveil a novel Nupr1/HtrA1 axis, which may play pivotal roles in bone formation and age-related bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Murayama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Hirohito Hirata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Makoto Shiraki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Juan L Iovanna
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM U 1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Takayoshi Yamaza
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Oral Anatomy, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshio Kukita
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Oral Anatomy, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Komori
- Department of Molecular Bone Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takeshi Moriishi
- Department of Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Masaya Ueno
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Tadatsugu Morimoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Masaaki Mawatari
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Akiko Kukita
- Research Center of Arthroplasty, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
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11
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Sonoda S, Murata S, Yamaza H, Yuniartha R, Fujiyoshi J, Yoshimaru K, Matsuura T, Oda Y, Ohga S, Tajiri T, Taguchi T, Yamaza T. Targeting hepatic oxidative stress rescues bone loss in liver fibrosis. Mol Metab 2022; 66:101599. [PMID: 36113772 PMCID: PMC9515604 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic liver diseases often involve metabolic damage to the skeletal system. The underlying mechanism of bone loss in chronic liver diseases remains unclear, and appropriate therapeutic options, except for orthotopic liver transplantation, have proved insufficient for these patients. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of transplantation of immature hepatocyte-like cells converted from stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED-Heps) in bone loss of chronic liver fibrosis. METHODS Mice that were chronically treated with CCl4 received SHED-Heps, and trabecular bone density, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and osteoclast activity were subsequently analyzed in vivo and in vitro. The effects of stanniocalcin 1 (STC1) knockdown in SHED-Heps were also evaluated in chronically CCl4 treated mice. RESULTS SHED-Hep transplantation (SHED-HepTx) improved trabecular bone loss and liver fibrosis in chronic CCl4-treated mice. SHED-HepTx reduced hepatic ROS production and interleukin 17 (Il-17) expression under chronic CCl4 damage. SHED-HepTx reduced the expression of both Il-17 and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily 11A (Tnfrsf11a) and ameliorated the imbalance of osteoclast and osteoblast activities in the bone marrow of CCl4-treated mice. Functional knockdown of STC1 in SHED-Heps attenuated the benefit of SHED-HepTx including anti-bone loss effect by suppressing osteoclast differentiation through TNFSF11-TNFRSF11A signaling and enhancing osteoblast differentiation in the bone marrow, as well as anti-fibrotic and anti-ROS effects in the CCl4-injured livers. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that targeting hepatic ROS provides a novel approach to treat bone loss resulting from chronic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichiro Sonoda
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sara Murata
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Haruyoshi Yamaza
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ratih Yuniartha
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Junko Fujiyoshi
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koichiro Yoshimaru
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Matsuura
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shouichi Ohga
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tasturo Tajiri
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Taguchi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan,Fukuoka College of Health Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Yamaza
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, Fukuoka, Japan,Corresponding author. Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan. Fax: +81 92 642 6304.
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12
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Lu C, Prahm C, Chen Y, Ehnert S, Rinderknecht H, McCaig CD, Nussler AK, Kolbenschlag J. Microcurrent Reverses Cigarette Smoke-Induced Angiogenesis Impairment in Human Keratinocytes In Vitro. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:445. [PMID: 36134990 PMCID: PMC9495747 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9090445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking (CS) leads to several adverse health effects, including diseases, disabilities, and even death. Post-operative and trauma patients who smoke have an increased risk for complications, such as delayed bone or wound healing. In clinical trials, microcurrent (MC) has been shown to be a safe, non-invasive, and effective way to accelerate wound healing. Our study aimed to investigate if MC with the strength of 100 μA may be beneficial in treating CS-related healing impairment, especially in regard to angiogenesis. In this study, we investigated the effect of human keratinocyte cells (HaCaT) on angiogenesis after 72 h of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) exposure in the presence or absence of 100 μA MC. Cell viability and proliferation were evaluated by resazurin conversion, Sulforhodamine B, and Calcein-AM/Hoechst 33342 staining; the pro-angiogenic potential of HaCaT cells was evaluated by tube formation assay and angiogenesis array assay; signaling pathway alterations were investigated using Western blot. Constant exposure for 72 h to a 100 μA MC enhanced the angiogenic ability of HaCaT cells, which was mediated through the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. In conclusion, the current data indicate that 100 μA MC may support wound healing in smoking patients by enhancing angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Lu
- Department of Hand-, Plastic, Reconstructive and Burn Surgery, BG Klinik Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstrasse 95, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Cosima Prahm
- Department of Hand-, Plastic, Reconstructive and Burn Surgery, BG Klinik Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstrasse 95, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Yangmengfan Chen
- Siegfried-Weller Institute for Trauma Research, BG Kinik Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstrasse 95, D-72070 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Sabrina Ehnert
- Siegfried-Weller Institute for Trauma Research, BG Kinik Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstrasse 95, D-72070 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Helen Rinderknecht
- Siegfried-Weller Institute for Trauma Research, BG Kinik Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstrasse 95, D-72070 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Colin D. McCaig
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Andreas K. Nussler
- Siegfried-Weller Institute for Trauma Research, BG Kinik Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstrasse 95, D-72070 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Jonas Kolbenschlag
- Department of Hand-, Plastic, Reconstructive and Burn Surgery, BG Klinik Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstrasse 95, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany
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13
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Becerikli M, Reinkemeier F, Dadras M, Wallner C, Wagner JM, Drysch M, Sogorski A, von Glinski M, Lehnhardt M, Hahn SA, Behr B. TGF-beta pathway inhibition as the therapeutic acceleration of diabetic bone regeneration. J Orthop Res 2022; 40:1810-1826. [PMID: 34775640 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Bone regeneration and fracture healing are impaired in diabetic patients due to defective functions of associated cells. Thus, the search for molecular causes and new treatment strategies are of particular clinical relevance. We investigated the gene expression profile of bones from type 2 diabetic (db- /db- ) mice and wild-type (wt) mice by comparative microarray analyses before and after placing tibial defects and examined the expression of several osteogenesis- and osteoclastogenesis-related markers by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. In regenerating wt bones, pathways related to, for example, inhibition of matrix metalloproteases were activated, whereas in db- /db- bones activation of pathways related to, for example, osteoarthritis, transforming growth factor-beta (Tgfb), or hypoxia-inducible factor 1a were detected during regeneration. We defined the Tgfb pathway as a potential therapeutic target and locally applied a single dose (0.5 µg) of the Tgfb 1, 2, and 3 neutralizing antibody 1D11 on tibial defects in db- /db- mice (n = 7). Seven days postoperation, histological and immunohistochemical stainings were performed. Decreased bone regeneration, osteogenic differentiation, osteoclast invasion, and angiogenesis in db- /db- mice were significantly restored by local 1D11 application in comparison to the phosphate-buffered saline controls. Thus, local treatment of db- /db- bony defects with Tgfb neutralizing antibody 1D11 might be considered a good candidate for the successful acceleration of bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Becerikli
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Felix Reinkemeier
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Mehran Dadras
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Christoph Wallner
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Johannes M Wagner
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Marius Drysch
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Alexander Sogorski
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Maxi von Glinski
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Marcus Lehnhardt
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Stephan A Hahn
- Department of Molecular GI-Oncology (MGO), Clinical Research Center (ZKF), Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Björn Behr
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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14
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Bordukalo-Nikšić T, Kufner V, Vukičević S. The Role Of BMPs in the Regulation of Osteoclasts Resorption and Bone Remodeling: From Experimental Models to Clinical Applications. Front Immunol 2022; 13:869422. [PMID: 35558080 PMCID: PMC9086899 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.869422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to mechanical forces and the aging process, bone in the adult skeleton is continuously remodeled by a process in which old and damaged bone is removed by bone-resorbing osteoclasts and subsequently is replaced by new bone by bone-forming cells, osteoblasts. During this essential process of bone remodeling, osteoclastic resorption is tightly coupled to osteoblastic bone formation. Bone-resorbing cells, multinuclear giant osteoclasts, derive from the monocyte/macrophage hematopoietic lineage and their differentiation is driven by distinct signaling molecules and transcription factors. Critical factors for this process are Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor (M-CSF) and Receptor Activator Nuclear Factor-κB Ligand (RANKL). Besides their resorption activity, osteoclasts secrete coupling factors which promote recruitment of osteoblast precursors to the bone surface, regulating thus the whole process of bone remodeling. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), a family of multi-functional growth factors involved in numerous molecular and signaling pathways, have significant role in osteoblast-osteoclast communication and significantly impact bone remodeling. It is well known that BMPs help to maintain healthy bone by stimulating osteoblast mineralization, differentiation and survival. Recently, increasing evidence indicates that BMPs not only help in the anabolic part of bone remodeling process but also significantly influence bone catabolism. The deletion of the BMP receptor type 1A (BMPRIA) in osteoclasts increased osteoblastic bone formation, suggesting that BMPR1A signaling in osteoclasts regulates coupling to osteoblasts by reducing bone-formation activity during bone remodeling. The dual effect of BMPs on bone mineralization and resorption highlights the essential role of BMP signaling in bone homeostasis and they also appear to be involved in pathological processes in inflammatory disorders affecting bones and joints. Certain BMPs (BMP2 and -7) were approved for clinical use; however, increased bone resorption rather than formation were observed in clinical applications, suggesting the role BMPs have in osteoclast activation and subsequent osteolysis. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of BMP signaling in osteoclasts, its role in osteoclast resorption, bone remodeling, and osteoblast–osteoclast coupling. Furthermore, discussion of clinical application of recombinant BMP therapy is based on recent preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Bordukalo-Nikšić
- Laboratory for Mineralized Tissues, Center for Translational and Clinical Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vera Kufner
- Laboratory for Mineralized Tissues, Center for Translational and Clinical Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Slobodan Vukičević
- Laboratory for Mineralized Tissues, Center for Translational and Clinical Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
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15
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Establishment of an In Vitro Scab Model for Investigating Different Phases of Wound Healing. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9050191. [PMID: 35621469 PMCID: PMC9137770 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9050191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic wounds are a serious problem in clinical work and a heavy burden for individuals and society. In order to develop novel therapies, adequate model systems for the investigation of wound healing are required. Although in past years different in vitro and in vitro wound healing models have been established, a true human-like model does still not exist. Animal models are limited in their use due to species-specific differences in the skin, a lengthy manufacturing process, experimental costs, and ethical concerns. Both 2D and 3D in vitro models are usually comprised of only one or two skin cell types and fail to capture the reaction between blood cells and skin cells. Thus, our aim was to develop an in vitro scab model to investigate early reactions in the wound healing process. The here established scab model is comprised of HaCaT cells and freshly collected blood from healthy volunteers. The generated scabs were stably cultured for more than 2 weeks. TGF-β signaling is well known to regulate the early phases of wound healing. All three TGF-β isoforms and target genes involved in extracellular matrix composition and degradation were expressed in the in vitro scabs. To validate the in vitro scab model, the effects of either additional stimulation or the inhibition of the TGF-β signaling pathway were investigated. Exogenous application of TGF-β1 stimulated matrix remodeling, which loosened the structure of the in vitro scabs with time, also induced expression of the inhibitory Smad7. Inhibition of the endogenous TGF-β signaling, on the contrary, resulted in a rapid condensation and degranulation of the in vitro scabs. In summary, the here established in vitro scab model can be used to analyze the first phases of wound healing where blood and skin cells interact, as it is viable and responsive for more than 2 weeks.
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3D Printed Scaffold Based on Type I Collagen/PLGA_TGF-β1 Nanoparticles Mimicking the Growth Factor Footprint of Human Bone Tissue. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14050857. [PMID: 35267680 PMCID: PMC8912467 DOI: 10.3390/polym14050857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In bone regenerative strategies, the controlled release of growth factors is one of the main aspects for successful tissue regeneration. Recent trends in the drug delivery field increased the interest in the development of biodegradable systems able to protect and transport active agents. In the present study, we designed degradable poly(lactic-co-glycolic)acid (PLGA) nanocarriers suitable for the release of Transforming Growth Factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), a key molecule in the management of bone cells behaviour. Spherical TGF-β1-containing PLGA (PLGA_TGF-β1) nanoparticles (ca.250 nm) exhibiting high encapsulation efficiency (ca.64%) were successfully synthesized. The TGF-β1 nanocarriers were subsequently combined with type I collagen for the fabrication of nanostructured 3D printed scaffolds able to mimic the TGF-β1 presence in the human bone extracellular matrix (ECM). The homogeneous hybrid formulation underwent a comprehensive rheological characterisation in view of 3D printing. The 3D printed collagen-based scaffolds (10 mm × 10 mm × 1 mm) successfully mimicked the TGF-β1 presence in human bone ECM as assessed by immunohistochemical TGF-β1 staining, covering ca.3.4% of the whole scaffold area. Moreover, the collagenous matrix was able to reduce the initial burst release observed in the first 24 h from about 38% for the PLGA_TGF-β1 alone to 14.5%, proving that the nanocarriers incorporation into collagen allows achieving sustained release kinetics.
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Tonk CH, Shoushrah SH, Babczyk P, El Khaldi-Hansen B, Schulze M, Herten M, Tobiasch E. Therapeutic Treatments for Osteoporosis-Which Combination of Pills Is the Best among the Bad? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1393. [PMID: 35163315 PMCID: PMC8836178 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a chronical, systemic skeletal disorder characterized by an increase in bone resorption, which leads to reduced bone density. The reduction in bone mineral density and therefore low bone mass results in an increased risk of fractures. Osteoporosis is caused by an imbalance in the normally strictly regulated bone homeostasis. This imbalance is caused by overactive bone-resorbing osteoclasts, while bone-synthesizing osteoblasts do not compensate for this. In this review, the mechanism is presented, underlined by in vitro and animal models to investigate this imbalance as well as the current status of clinical trials. Furthermore, new therapeutic strategies for osteoporosis are presented, such as anabolic treatments and catabolic treatments and treatments using biomaterials and biomolecules. Another focus is on new combination therapies with multiple drugs which are currently considered more beneficial for the treatment of osteoporosis than monotherapies. Taken together, this review starts with an overview and ends with the newest approaches for osteoporosis therapies and a future perspective not presented so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Horst Tonk
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, von-Liebig-Str. 20, 53359 Rheinbach, Germany; (C.H.T.); (S.H.S.); (P.B.); (B.E.K.-H.); (M.S.); (E.T.)
| | - Sarah Hani Shoushrah
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, von-Liebig-Str. 20, 53359 Rheinbach, Germany; (C.H.T.); (S.H.S.); (P.B.); (B.E.K.-H.); (M.S.); (E.T.)
| | - Patrick Babczyk
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, von-Liebig-Str. 20, 53359 Rheinbach, Germany; (C.H.T.); (S.H.S.); (P.B.); (B.E.K.-H.); (M.S.); (E.T.)
| | - Basma El Khaldi-Hansen
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, von-Liebig-Str. 20, 53359 Rheinbach, Germany; (C.H.T.); (S.H.S.); (P.B.); (B.E.K.-H.); (M.S.); (E.T.)
| | - Margit Schulze
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, von-Liebig-Str. 20, 53359 Rheinbach, Germany; (C.H.T.); (S.H.S.); (P.B.); (B.E.K.-H.); (M.S.); (E.T.)
| | - Monika Herten
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Edda Tobiasch
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, von-Liebig-Str. 20, 53359 Rheinbach, Germany; (C.H.T.); (S.H.S.); (P.B.); (B.E.K.-H.); (M.S.); (E.T.)
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Bahrampour N, Mirzababaei A, Shiraseb F, Clark CCT, Mirzaei K. The mediatory role of inflammatory markers on the relationship between dietary energy density and body composition among obese and overweight adult women: A cross-sectional study. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14579. [PMID: 34185366 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Energy density (ED) is known to influence body composition (BC). Indeed, consumption of high ED foods can increase body fat mass (BFM) and inflammatory markers. We sought to assess the mediatory role of high-sensitive-C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-beta), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) on the relationship between ED and BC in women with overweight/obesity. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study consisting of 391 women. Body composition (Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis) and a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess the BC and food intake of individuals. Blood samples and serum level of hs-CRP, PAI-1, and TGF-β were collected. ED per one gram of foods was calculated and divided to quartiles. Linear logistic regression was used to investigate the association between BC across quartiles of ED intake. RESULTS Total body water (TBW), fat free mass (FFM), visceral fat area (VFA), and fat free mass index (FFMI) appeared to be mediated by hs-CRP across ED quartiles. TBW, FFM with PAI-1, bone mineral content (BMC) with PAI-1 and TGF-beta, and skeletal lean mass (SLM) were inversely associated with hs-CRP, respectively. Fat trunk, TBW, BFM, FFM, SLM, waist circumference (WC), FFMI, and FMI were positively mediated by TGF-beta with increasing ED food intakes. Fat trunk, BFM, SLM, WC, FFMI and FMI were positively mediated by PAI-1. CONCLUSIONS Most BC subcategories were positively associated with higher ED intake, mediated by increasing serum levels of PAI-1 and TGF-beta. Moreover, higher serum hs-CRP levels may be related to body fat and water alteration concomitant to a higher ED intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niki Bahrampour
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University (SRBIAU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Mirzababaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Shiraseb
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Cain C T Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
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Network pharmacology-based investigation of potential targets of astragalus membranaceous-angelica sinensis compound acting on diabetic nephropathy. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19496. [PMID: 34593896 PMCID: PMC8484574 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98925-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
To explore the mechanism of the Astragalus membranaceous (AM)-Angelica sinensis (AS) compound in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy (DN) we used network pharmacology and molecular docking. Screen the components and targets of the AM-AS compound in the TCMSP and the BATMAN-TCM, and establish a component-target interaction network by Cytoscape 3.7.2. After searching relevant targets of DN in related databases, the common targets of the AM-AS compound and DN were obtained by comparison. Gene ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed through David database. Molecular docking was performed by PyMoL2.3.0 and AutoDock Vina software. After screening, 142 main targets of the AM-AS compound in the treatment of DN have been identified. Target network was established and the topology of PPI network was analyzed. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis shows that these targets are related to apoptosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, insulin resistance, etc. Molecular docking shows that the target proteins have good combinations with the main active components of the AM-AS compound. AM-AS compound may treat DN by acting on VEGFA, TP53, IL-6, TNF, MARK1, etc., and regulate apoptosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, glucose, and lipid metabolism processes. The in vivo study results suggest that AM-AS compound can significantly reduce the FBG level of diabetic rats, increase the level of INS, improve renal functions, reduce urinary proteins, inhibit glycogen deposition, granulocyte infiltration and collagen fiber proliferation in renal tissue, and restrain the progress of DN. In vivo study combined with network pharmacology and molecular docking methods provides new ideas for the pathogenesis and treatments of DN.
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Zhu G, Zhang T, Chen M, Yao K, Huang X, Zhang B, Li Y, Liu J, Wang Y, Zhao Z. Bone physiological microenvironment and healing mechanism: Basis for future bone-tissue engineering scaffolds. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:4110-4140. [PMID: 33997497 PMCID: PMC8091181 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone-tissue defects affect millions of people worldwide. Despite being common treatment approaches, autologous and allogeneic bone grafting have not achieved the ideal therapeutic effect. This has prompted researchers to explore novel bone-regeneration methods. In recent decades, the development of bone tissue engineering (BTE) scaffolds has been leading the forefront of this field. As researchers have provided deep insights into bone physiology and the bone-healing mechanism, various biomimicking and bioinspired BTE scaffolds have been reported. Now it is necessary to review the progress of natural bone physiology and bone healing mechanism, which will provide more valuable enlightenments for researchers in this field. This work details the physiological microenvironment of the natural bone tissue, bone-healing process, and various biomolecules involved therein. Next, according to the bone physiological microenvironment and the delivery of bioactive factors based on the bone-healing mechanism, it elaborates the biomimetic design of a scaffold, highlighting the designing of BTE scaffolds according to bone biology and providing the rationale for designing next-generation BTE scaffolds that conform to natural bone healing and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanyin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Tianxu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Miao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Ke Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Xinqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Yazhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Yunbing Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Zhihe Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
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21
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Fang Y, Zhu J, Fan J, Sun L, Cai S, Fan C, Zhong Y, Li Y. Dietary Inflammatory Index in relation to bone mineral density, osteoporosis risk and fracture risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Osteoporos Int 2021; 32:633-643. [PMID: 32740669 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-020-05578-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Our systematic review and meta-analysis indicated that pro-inflammatory diets, as measured by higher Dietary Inflammatory Index scores, are significantly associated with lower BMD of lumbar spine and total hip as well as elevated risk of osteoporosis and fractures. These findings may contribute to the development of public health strategies. INTRODUCTION Inflammatory Index (DII) is a method to assess the inflammatory potential of diets; it has been reported to be associated with several diseases. However, the relation between DII and bone health remains controversial for the inconsistent findings from previous studies. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to ascertain the underlying relationships between DII and bone mineral density (BMD), osteoporosis risk, and fracture risk. METHODS We systematically searched PubMed and Web of Science for all relevant epidemiological studies published up to May 1, 2020. Fixed-effects model or random-effects model was employed to pool the study-specific effect sizes (ESs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Eleven studies with a total of 127,769 participants were included. We found that continuous DII was negatively associated with BMD of lumbar spine (odds ratios [OR]: 0.990; 95% CI: 0.984, 0.995) and total hip (OR: 0.995; 95% CI: 0.990, 0.999), but not femoral neck (OR: 0.998; 95% CI: 0.994, 1.002). Moreover, the highest category of DII displayed significantly associations to increased risk of osteoporosis (ES: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.16, 1.48) and fractures (ES: 1.28; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.59) compared with the lowest category of DII, respectively. CONCLUSION Our analysis indicated that diets with high pro-inflammatory components might increase the risk of osteoporosis and fractures and lower BMD of lumbar spine and total hip. More prospective studies involving populations of diverse ages and genders are expected to further verify the universality of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Fang
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, 481 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - J Zhu
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, 481 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - J Fan
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, 481 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - L Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - S Cai
- Department of Science and Education, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - C Fan
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, 481 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Y Zhong
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, 481 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Y Li
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, 481 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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22
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Stramandinoli-Zanicotti RT, Sassi LM, Rebelatto CLK, Boldrine-Leite LM, Brofman PR, Carvalho AL. The effect of bone marrow-derived stem cells associated with platelet-rich plasma on the osseointegration of immediately placed implants. J Clin Exp Dent 2021; 13:e8-e13. [PMID: 33425225 PMCID: PMC7781218 DOI: 10.4317/jced.56743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Stem cells associated with growth factors have been shown to improve bone healing and the osseointegration of dental implants. A Brazilian miniature pig model was used to evaluate the effect of autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) associated with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the osseointegration of immediately placed dental implants.
Material and Methods A total of four male adult miniature pigs were used in this study. BM-MSCs from each pig were isolated from the iliac crest and expanded in vitro. The undifferentiated BM-MSCs were mixed with autologous PRP and implanted in the post-extraction sockets at the experimental sites before implant placement (10 x 106 cells/ socket). The control sites did not receive either BM-MSC or PRP. Each animal received four implants in the control side and 04 on the experimental side, totalizing 32 implants. The specimens were analyzed radiographically and histomorphometrically to determine the implant loss rate (ILR), the bone-implant contact (BIC), and bone density within the threads (BDWT).
Results The ILR, the BIC, and the BDWT for the control and experimental sites were respectively 25.0% and 18.7% (p=0.686); 39.0% and 27.7% (p=0.110); 46.8% and 36.5% (p=0.247).
Conclusions The use of BM-MSCs + PRP in conjunction with immediately placed implants showed a lower ILR but there was no significant effect on the osseointegration of the dental implants. More preclinical studies, in large animal models, are needed to establish whether BM-MSCs associated with PRP could be used for the enhancement of the osseointegration of dental implants. Key words:Osseointegration, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, platelet-rich plasma, dental implants, minipigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta-Targa Stramandinoli-Zanicotti
- Postgraduate Program in Oncology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Erasto Gaertner Hospital, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Laurindo-Moacir Sassi
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Erasto Gaertner Hospital, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Lidiane M Boldrine-Leite
- Experimental Laboratory of Cell Culture, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná (PUC-PR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Paulo-Roberto Brofman
- Experimental Laboratory of Cell Culture, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná (PUC-PR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Andre-Lopes Carvalho
- Research Advisor of Postgraduate Program in Oncology, Medical School of University of São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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23
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Li ZZ, Wang HT, Lee GY, Yang Y, Zou YP, Wang B, Gong CJ, Cai Y, Ren JG, Zhao JH. Bleomycin: A novel osteogenesis inhibitor of dental follicle cells via a TGF-β1/SMAD7/RUNX2 pathway. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 178:312-327. [PMID: 33068010 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Tooth eruption is a complicated process regulated by the dental follicles (DF). Our recent study discovered that tooth eruption was inhibited upon injection of bleomycin into DF. However, the mechanisms were unknown. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Human dental follicle cells (hDFCs) were treated by bleomycin or exogenous TGF-β1 or transfected by plasmids loading SMAD7 or shRNA targeting SMAD7, followed by osteogenesis induction assay and signalling analysis. Human fresh DF tissues and Wistar rats were used to further confirm bleomycin function. KEY RESULTS Bleomycin decreased expression of RUNX2 and osteogenic genes in hDFCs, reducing osteogenic capacity. TGF-β1 expression was up-regulated in bleomycin-treated hDFCs. The effects of exogenous TGF-β1 were similar to those of bleomycin in hDFCs. Additionally, compared to SMAD2/3, SMAD7 expression increased more in bleomycin- or TGF-β1-treated hDFCs. Overexpression of SMAD7 likewise significantly decreased RUNX2 expression and osteogenic capacity of hDFCs. Knockdown of SMAD7 markedly attenuated the inhibitory effects of bleomycin and TGF-β1 on osteogenic capacity and RUNX2 expression of hDFCs. Most importantly, changes in TGF-β1, SMAD7, and RUNX2 expressions were similar in the DF of rats and humans treated with bleomycin. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS SMAD7 was a negative regulator of osteogenic differentiation in DFCs through suppressing RUNX2 expression. Bleomycin or TGF-β1 inhibited osteogenic differentiation of DFCs via a TGF-β1/SMAD7/RUNX2 pathway. Our findings might be beneficial for enhancing the osteogenic activity of DFCs or inhibiting the eruption of undesirable teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Zheng Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hai-Tao Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Grace Y Lee
- Division of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ying Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan-Ping Zou
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bing Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chu-Jie Gong
- Division of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yu Cai
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian-Gang Ren
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ji-Hong Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Use of in vitro bone models to screen for altered bone metabolism, osteopathies, and fracture healing: challenges of complex models. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:3937-3958. [PMID: 32910238 PMCID: PMC7655582 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02906-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Approx. every third hospitalized patient in Europe suffers from musculoskeletal injuries or diseases. Up to 20% of these patients need costly surgical revisions after delayed or impaired fracture healing. Reasons for this are the severity of the trauma, individual factors, e.g, the patients’ age, individual lifestyle, chronic diseases, medication, and, over 70 diseases that negatively affect the bone quality. To investigate the various disease constellations and/or develop new treatment strategies, many in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro models can be applied. Analyzing these various models more closely, it is obvious that many of them have limits and/or restrictions. Undoubtedly, in vivo models most completely represent the biological situation. Besides possible species-specific differences, ethical concerns may question the use of in vivo models especially for large screening approaches. Challenging whether ex vivo or in vitro bone models can be used as an adequate replacement for such screenings, we here summarize the advantages and challenges of frequently used ex vivo and in vitro bone models to study disturbed bone metabolism and fracture healing. Using own examples, we discuss the common challenge of cell-specific normalization of data obtained from more complex in vitro models as one example of the analytical limits which lower the full potential of these complex model systems.
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Zieba J, Munivez E, Castellon A, Jiang MM, Dawson B, Ambrose CG, Lee B. Fracture Healing in Collagen-Related Preclinical Models of Osteogenesis Imperfecta. J Bone Miner Res 2020; 35:1132-1148. [PMID: 32053224 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetic bone dysplasia characterized by bone deformities and fractures caused by low bone mass and impaired bone quality. OI is a genetically heterogeneous disorder that most commonly arises from dominant mutations in genes encoding type I collagen (COL1A1 and COL1A2). In addition, OI is recessively inherited with the majority of cases resulting from mutations in prolyl-3-hydroxylation complex members, which includes cartilage-associated protein (CRTAP). OI patients are at an increased risk of fracture throughout their lifetimes. However, non-union or delayed healing has been reported in 24% of fractures and 52% of osteotomies. Additionally, refractures typically go unreported, making the frequency of refractures in OI patients unknown. Thus, there is an unmet need to better understand the mechanisms by which OI affects fracture healing. Using an open tibial fracture model, our study demonstrates delayed healing in both Col1a2 G610c/+ and Crtap -/- OI mouse models (dominant and recessive OI, respectively) that is associated with reduced callus size and predicted strength. Callus cartilage distribution and chondrocyte maturation were altered in OI, suggesting accelerated cartilage differentiation. Importantly, we determined that healed fractured tibia in female OI mice are biomechanically weaker when compared with the contralateral unfractured bone, suggesting that abnormal OI fracture healing OI may prime future refracture at the same location. We have previously shown upregulated TGF-β signaling in OI and we confirm this in the context of fracture healing. Interestingly, treatment of Crtap -/- mice with the anti-TGF-β antibody 1D11 resulted in further reduced callus size and predicted strength, highlighting the importance of investigating dose response in treatment strategies. These data provide valuable insight into the effect of the extracellular matrix (ECM) on fracture healing, a poorly understood mechanism, and support the need for prevention of primary fractures to decrease incidence of refracture and deformity in OI patients. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Zieba
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Elda Munivez
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alexis Castellon
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ming-Ming Jiang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Brian Dawson
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Catherine G Ambrose
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Brendan Lee
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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Zhang P, Zhang H, Lin J, Xiao T, Xu R, Fu Y, Zhang Y, Du Y, Cheng J, Jiang H. Insulin impedes osteogenesis of BMSCs by inhibiting autophagy and promoting premature senescence via the TGF-β1 pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:2084-2100. [PMID: 32017705 PMCID: PMC7041775 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The dysfunction of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) may be a core factor in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) associated osteoporosis. However, the underlying mechanism is not well understood. Here, we delineated the critical role of insulin impeding osteogenesis of BMSCs in T2DM. Compared with BMSCs from healthy people (H-BMSCs), BMSCs from T2DM patient (DM-BMSCs) showed decreased osteogenic differentiation and autophagy level, and increased senescent phenotype. H-BMSCs incubated in hyperglycemic and hyperinsulinemic conditions similarly showed these phenotypes of DM-BMSCs. Notably, enhanced TGF-β1 expression was detected not only in DM-BMSCs and high-glucose and insulin-treated H-BMSCs, but also in bone callus of streptozocin-induced diabetic rats. Moreover, inhibiting TGF-β1 signaling not only enhanced osteogenic differentiation and autophagy level of DM-BMSCs, but also delayed senescence of DM-BMSCs, as well as promoted mandible defect healing of diabetic rats. Finally, we further verified that it was TGF-β receptor II (TβRII), not TβRI, markedly increased in both DM-BMSCs and insulin-treated H-BMSCs. Our data revealed that insulin impeded osteogenesis of BMSCs by inhibiting autophagy and promoting premature senescence, which it should be responsible for T2DM-induced bone loss, at least in part. These findings suggest that inhibiting TGF-β1 pathway may be a potential therapeutic target for T2DM associated bone disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hengguo Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jialin Lin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tao Xiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Rongyao Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuchao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yifei Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hongbing Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
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Xu J, Liu J, Gan Y, Dai K, Zhao J, Huang M, Huang Y, Zhuang Y, Zhang X. High-Dose TGF-β1 Impairs Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Mediated Bone Regeneration via Bmp2 Inhibition. J Bone Miner Res 2020; 35:167-180. [PMID: 31487395 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is a key factor in bone reconstruction. However, its pathophysiological role in non-union and bone repair remains unclear. Here we demonstrated that TGF-β1 was highly expressed in both C57BL/6 mice where new bone formation was impaired after autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMMSC) implantation in non-union patients. High doses of TGF-β1 inhibited BMMSC osteogenesis and attenuated bone regeneration in vivo. Furthermore, different TGF-β1 levels exhibited opposite effects on osteogenic differentiation and bone healing. Mechanistically, low TGF-β1 doses activated smad3, promoted their binding to bone morphogenetic protein 2 (Bmp2) promoter, and upregulated Bmp2 expression in BMMSCs. By contrast, Bmp2 transcription was inhibited by changing smad3 binding sites on its promoter at high TGF-β1 levels. In addition, high TGF-β1 doses increased tomoregulin-1 (Tmeff1) levels, resulting in the repression of Bmp2 and bone formation in mice. Treatment with the TGF-β1 inhibitor SB431542 significantly rescued BMMSC osteogenesis and accelerated bone regeneration. Our study suggests that high-dose TGF-β1 dampens BMMSC-mediated bone regeneration by activating canonical TGF-β/smad3 signaling and inhibiting Bmp2 via direct and indirect mechanisms. These data collectively show a previously unrecognized mechanism of TGF-β1 in bone repair, and TGF-β1 is an effective therapeutic target for treating bone regeneration disability. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jinlong Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaokai Gan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kerong Dai
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyu Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingjian Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifu Zhuang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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28
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Licini C, Vitale-Brovarone C, Mattioli-Belmonte M. Collagen and non-collagenous proteins molecular crosstalk in the pathophysiology of osteoporosis. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2019; 49:59-69. [PMID: 31543432 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Collagenous and non-collagenous proteins (NCPs) in the extracellular matrix, as well as the coupling mechanisms between osteoclasts and osteoblasts, work together to ensure normal bone metabolism. Each protein plays one or more critical roles in bone metabolism, sometimes even contradictory, thus affecting the final mechanical, physical and chemical properties of bone tissue. Anomalies in the amount and structure of one or more of these proteins can cause abnormalities in bone formation and resorption, which consequently leads to malformations and defects, such as osteoporosis (OP). The connections between key proteins involved in matrix formation and resorption are far from being elucidated. In this review, we resume knowledge on the crosstalk between collagen type I and selected NCPs (Transforming Growth Factor-β, Insulin-like Growth Factor-1, Decorin, Osteonectin, Osteopontin, Bone Sialoprotein and Osteocalcin) of bone matrix, focusing on their possible involvement and role in OP. The different elements of this network can be pharmacologically targeted or used for the design/development of innovative regenerative strategies to modulate a feedback loop in bone remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Licini
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino, Italy; Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/a, 60126, Ancona, Italy
| | - Chiara Vitale-Brovarone
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino, Italy.
| | - Monica Mattioli-Belmonte
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/a, 60126, Ancona, Italy
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29
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Zhou Y, Zhu X, Zhang M, Li Y, Liu W, Huang H, Xu Y. Association between dietary inflammatory index and bone density in lactating women at 6 months postpartum: a longitudinal study. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1076. [PMID: 31399027 PMCID: PMC6688315 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7409-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic inflammation contributes to the risk of osteoporosis and fracture. Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), a novel method appraising the inflammatory potential of diet, has been utilized to examine the association between diet and bone health among postmenopausal women or the elderly. However, its relationship with bone density (BD) in lactating women has not been studied. METHODS The prospective study was conducted to assess the possible association between DII and maternal BD during lactation. We enrolled 150 lactating women in the cohort. Participants were measured ultrasonic BD as baseline values at 1 month postpartum. After five-month follow up, the participants' BD were measured again. DII scores were calculated from semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) and divided into tertiles. We compared the differences in the changes of BD at 6 months postpartum without or with adjustment for potential covariates across the tertiles. RESULTS The women in Q1 of DII scores had less bone mass loss than those in Q2 and Q3 without adjustment for any covariates (p < 0.01); after adjusting demographic characteristics such as BMI (kg/m2) at 6 months postpartum, educational level, metabolic equivalent (MET), daily energy intake (kcal/d), we found that participants in the highest tertile of DII scores had much more bone loss than those in the lowest tertile (p = 0.038). However, in the test for trend, no significant association between DII and the changes of maternal BD at 6 months postpartum was observed. CONCLUSIONS Chinese lactating women with higher DII scores have more bone mass loss; however significant differences and trends are attenuated and/or disappear depending on covariates and confounders that are taken into account in statistical analysis. The further study should be conducted in larger population to explore whether the significant association between DII and BD exists in Chinese lactating women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalin Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, NO.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhu
- Beijing Northern Hospital, NO.10 Chedaogou Road, Beijing, China
| | - Minjia Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, NO.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, NO.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, NO.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Hanming Huang
- Beijing Northern Hospital, NO.10 Chedaogou Road, Beijing, China
| | - Yajun Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, NO.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083 China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing, NO.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083 China
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30
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Cigarette Smoke Induces the Risk of Metabolic Bone Diseases: Transforming Growth Factor Beta Signaling Impairment via Dysfunctional Primary Cilia Affects Migration, Proliferation, and Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20122915. [PMID: 31207955 PMCID: PMC6628373 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well established that smoking has detrimental effects on bone integrity and is a preventable risk factor for metabolic bone disorders. Following orthopedic surgeries, smokers frequently show delayed fracture healing associated with many complications, which results in prolonged hospital stays. One crucial factor responsible for fracture repair is the recruitment and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) at early stages, a mechanism mediated by transforming growth factor β (TGF-β). Although it is known that smokers frequently have decreased TGF-β levels, little is known about the actual signaling occurring in these patients. We investigated the effect of cigarette smoke on TGF-β signaling in MSCs to evaluate which step in the pathway is affected by cigarette smoke extract (CSE). Single-cell-derived human mesenchymal stem cell line (SCP-1 cells) were treated with CSE concentrations associated with smoking up to 20 cigarettes a day. TGF-β signaling was analyzed using an adenovirus-based reporter assay system. Primary cilia structure and downstream TGF-β signaling modulators (Smad2, Smad3, and Smad4) were analyzed by Western blot and immunofluorescence staining. CSE exposure significantly reduced TGF-β signaling. Intriguingly, we observed that protein levels of phospho-Smad2/3 (active forms) as well as nuclear translocation of the phospho-Smad3/4 complex decreased after CSE exposure, phenomena that affected signal propagation. CSE exposure reduced the activation of TGF-β modulators under constitutive activation of TGF-β receptor type I (ALK5), evidencing that CSE affects signaling downstream of the ALK5 receptor but not the binding of the cytokine to the receptor itself. CSE-mediated TGF-β signaling impaired MSC migration, proliferation, and differentiation and ultimately affected endochondral ossification. Thus, we conclude that CSE-mediated disruption of TGF-β signaling in MSCs is partially responsible for delayed fracture healing in smokers.
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31
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Vieira JS, Cunha EJ, de Souza JF, Sant'Ana RD, Zielak JC, Costa-Casagrande TA, Giovanini AF. Alendronate induces postnatal maxillary bone growth by stimulating intramembranous ossification and preventing premature cartilage mineralization in the midpalatal suture of newborn rats. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019; 48:1494-1503. [PMID: 31054875 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cleft palate is a common malformation of craniofacial development, and postnatal deficiencies in palate formation may occur. The aim of this study was to determine whether alendronate treatment could induce maxillary mineralization and thus reduce the need for surgical procedures. The effects of alendronate on maxillary bone development, the midpalatal suture, and the levels of transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), collagen I and II, and V-ATPase were evaluated in newborn rats. Thirty newborn rats were placed in a control group and 30 in a group that received intraperitoneal alendronate (2.5 mg/kg/day). The animals were euthanized on day 7 or 12, and the heads were subjected to histological and immunohistochemical analyses. Specimens from rats that received alendronate presented larger bone matrix deposition in areas of intramembranous ossification of the maxillary bone when compared to controls. Furthermore, higher levels of TGF-β1, BMP-2, and collagen I were observed, whereas osteoclasts showed no V-ATPase. The alendronate group also showed higher levels of TGF-β1 and collagen II in the midpalatal suture, whereas BMP-2 levels were lower than in controls. These results coincided with an expansion of the chondroid. In conclusion, alendronate increased the intramembranous ossification in the maxillary bone in association with increased expression of TGF-β1, BMP-2, and collagen I and decreased V-ATPase. The drug induced an expansion of chondrocytes and a decrease in mineral bone deposition despite the high levels of TGF-β1 in this area. Alendronate may therefore be useful in the treatment of diseases affecting bone growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Vieira
- Graduate Programme in Clinical Dentistry, Positivo University, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - E J Cunha
- Graduate Programme in Clinical Dentistry, Positivo University, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - J F de Souza
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Paraná, UFPR, Paraná, Brazil
| | - R D Sant'Ana
- Graduate Programme in Clinical Dentistry, Positivo University, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - J C Zielak
- Graduate Programme in Clinical Dentistry, Positivo University, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - T A Costa-Casagrande
- Graduate Programme in Clinical Dentistry, Positivo University, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - A F Giovanini
- Graduate Programme in Clinical Dentistry, Positivo University, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
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32
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Kleinertz H, Hepner-Schefczyk M, Ehnert S, Claus M, Halbgebauer R, Boller L, Huber-Lang M, Cinelli P, Kirschning C, Flohé S, Sander A, Waydhas C, Vonderhagen S, Jäger M, Dudda M, Watzl C, Flohé SB. Circulating growth/differentiation factor 15 is associated with human CD56 bright natural killer cell dysfunction and nosocomial infection in severe systemic inflammation. EBioMedicine 2019; 43:380-391. [PMID: 30992245 PMCID: PMC6557805 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Systemic inflammation induced by sterile or infectious insults is associated with an enhanced susceptibility to life-threatening opportunistic, mostly bacterial, infections due to unknown pathogenesis. Natural killer (NK) cells contribute to the defence against bacterial infections through the release of Interferon (IFN) γ in response to Interleukin (IL) 12. Considering the relevance of NK cells in the immune defence we investigated whether the function of NK cells is disturbed in patients suffering from serious systemic inflammation. Methods NK cells from severely injured patients were analysed from the first day after the initial inflammatory insult until the day of discharge in terms of IL-12 receptor signalling and IFN-γ synthesis. Findings During systemic inflammation, the expression of the IL-12 receptor β2 chain, phosphorylation of signal transducer and activation 4, and IFN-γ production on/in NK cells was impaired upon exposure to Staphylococcus aureus. The profound suppression of NK cells developed within 24 h after the initial insult and persisted for several weeks. NK cells displayed signs of exhaustion. Extrinsic changes were mediated by the early and long-lasting presence of growth/differentiation factor (GDF) 15 in the circulation that signalled through the transforming growth factor β receptor I and activated Smad1/5. Moreover, the concentration of GDF-15 in the serum inversely correlated with the IL-12 receptor β2 expression on NK cells and was enhanced in patients who later acquired septic complications. Interpretation GDF-15 is associated with the development of NK cell dysfunction during systemic inflammation and might represent a novel target to prevent nosocomial infections. Fund The study was supported by the Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Essen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Kleinertz
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Monika Hepner-Schefczyk
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sabrina Ehnert
- Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Maren Claus
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, IfADo, TU-Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Rebecca Halbgebauer
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma-Immunology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Lea Boller
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Markus Huber-Lang
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma-Immunology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Paolo Cinelli
- Division of Trauma Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Carsten Kirschning
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sascha Flohé
- Department of Hand- and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Dusseldorf, University Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - André Sander
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Christian Waydhas
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sonja Vonderhagen
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marcus Jäger
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marcel Dudda
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Carsten Watzl
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, IfADo, TU-Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Stefanie B Flohé
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
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33
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Tendulkar G, Ehnert S, Sreekumar V, Chen T, Kaps HP, Golombek S, Wendel HP, Nüssler AK, Avci-Adali M. Exogenous Delivery of Link N mRNA into Chondrocytes and MSCs-The Potential Role in Increasing Anabolic Response. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1716. [PMID: 30959917 PMCID: PMC6479841 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Musculoskeletal disorders, such as osteoarthritis and intervertebral disc degeneration are causes of morbidity, which concomitantly burdens the health and social care systems worldwide, with massive costs. Link N peptide has recently been described as a novel anabolic stimulator for intervertebral disc repair. In this study, we analyzed the influence on anabolic response, by delivering synthetic Link N encoding mRNA into primary human chondrocytes and mesenchymal stromal cells (SCP1 cells), Furthermore, both cell types were seeded on knitted titanium scaffolds, and the influence of Link N peptide mRNA for possible tissue engineering applications was investigated. Synthetic modified Link N mRNA was efficiently delivered into both cell types and cell transfection resulted in an enhanced expression of aggrecan, Sox 9, and type II collagen with a decreased expression of type X collagen. Interestingly, despite increased expression of BMP2 and BMP7, BMP signaling was repressed and TGFβ signaling was boosted by Link N transfection in mesenchymal stromal cells, suggesting possible regulatory mechanisms. Thus, the exogenous delivery of Link N peptide mRNA into cells augmented an anabolic response and thereby increased extracellular matrix synthesis. Considering these findings, we suppose that the cultivation of cells on knitted titanium scaffolds and the exogenous delivery of Link N peptide mRNA into cells could mechanically support the stability of tissue-engineered constructs and improve the synthesis of extracellular matrix by seeded cells. This method can provide a potent strategy for articular cartilage and intervertebral disc regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gauri Tendulkar
- Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research at the BG Trauma Center, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstraße 95, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Sabrina Ehnert
- Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research at the BG Trauma Center, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstraße 95, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Vrinda Sreekumar
- Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research at the BG Trauma Center, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstraße 95, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Tao Chen
- Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research at the BG Trauma Center, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstraße 95, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Hans-Peter Kaps
- Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research at the BG Trauma Center, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstraße 95, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Sonia Golombek
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, Calwerstraße 7/1, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Hans-Peter Wendel
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, Calwerstraße 7/1, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Andreas K Nüssler
- Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research at the BG Trauma Center, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstraße 95, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Meltem Avci-Adali
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, Calwerstraße 7/1, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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34
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Tomlinson DJ, Erskine RM, Morse CI, Onambélé GL. Body Fat Percentage, Body Mass Index, Fat Mass Index and the Ageing Bone: Their Singular and Combined Roles Linked to Physical Activity and Diet. Nutrients 2019; 11:E195. [PMID: 30669348 PMCID: PMC6356293 DOI: 10.3390/nu11010195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study took a multi-analytical approach including group differences, correlations and unit-weighed directional z-score comparisons to identify the key mediators of bone health. A total of 190 participants (18⁻80 years) were categorized by body fat%, body mass index (BMI) and fat mass index (FMI) to examine the effect of differing obesity criteria on bone characteristics. A subset of 50 healthy-eating middle-to-older aged adults (44⁻80 years) was randomly selected to examine any added impact of lifestyle and inflammatory profiles. Diet was assessed using a 3-day food diary, bone mineral density (BMD) and content (BMC) by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry in the lumbar, thoracic, (upper and lower) appendicular and pelvic areas. Physical activity was assessed using the Baecke questionnaire, and endocrine profiling was assessed using multiplex luminometry. Obesity, classed via BMI, positively affected 20 out of 22 BMC- and BMD-related outcome measures, whereas FMI was associated with 14 outcome measures and adiposity only modulated nine out of 22 BMC- and BMD-related outcome measures. Whilst bivariate correlations only linked vitamin A and relative protein intake with BMD, the Z-score composite summary presented a significantly different overall dietary quality between healthy and osteopenic individuals. In addition, bivariate correlations from the subset revealed daily energy intake, sport-based physical activity and BMI positive mediators of seven out of 10 BMD sites with age and body fat% shown to be negative mediators of bone characteristics. In conclusion, whilst BMI is a good indicator of bone characteristics, high body fat% should also be the focus of osteoporosis risk with ageing. Interestingly, high BMI in conjunction with moderate to vigorous activity supplemented with an optimal diet (quality and quantity) are identified as positive modulators of bone heath.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Tomlinson
- Musculoskeletal Sciences and Sport Medicine Research Centre, Manchester Metropolitan University, Crewe CW1 5DU, UK.
| | - Robert M Erskine
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK.
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, University College London, London W1T 7HA, UK.
| | - Christopher I Morse
- Musculoskeletal Sciences and Sport Medicine Research Centre, Manchester Metropolitan University, Crewe CW1 5DU, UK.
| | - Gladys L Onambélé
- Musculoskeletal Sciences and Sport Medicine Research Centre, Manchester Metropolitan University, Crewe CW1 5DU, UK.
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Nicotine and Cotinine Inhibit Catalase and Glutathione Reductase Activity Contributing to the Impaired Osteogenesis of SCP-1 Cells Exposed to Cigarette Smoke. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:3172480. [PMID: 30533170 PMCID: PMC6250005 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3172480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking has been identified as a major risk factor for osteoporosis decades ago. Several studies have shown a direct relationship between cigarette smoking, decreased bone mineral density, and impaired fracture healing. However, the mechanisms behind impaired fracture healing and cigarette smoking are yet to be elucidated. Migration and osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) into the fracture site play a vital role in the process of fracture healing. In human nicotine, the most pharmacologically active and major addictive component present in tobacco gets rapidly metabolized to the more stable cotinine. This study demonstrates that physiological concentrations of both nicotine and cotinine do not affect the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. However, cigarette smoke exposure induces oxidative stress by increasing superoxide radicals and reducing intracellular glutathione in MSCs, negatively affecting osteogenic differentiation. Although, not actively producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) nicotine and cotinine inhibit catalase and glutathione reductase activity, contributing to an accumulation of ROS by cigarette smoke exposure. Coincubation with N-acetylcysteine or L-ascorbate improves impaired osteogenesis caused by cigarette smoke exposure by both activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling and scavenging of ROS, which thus might represent therapeutic targets to support fracture healing in smokers.
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36
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Yoon SJ, Yoo Y, Nam SE, Hyun H, Lee DW, Um S, Kim SY, Hong SO, Yang DH, Chun HJ. The Cocktail Effect of BMP-2 and TGF-β1 Loaded in Visible Light-Cured Glycol Chitosan Hydrogels for the Enhancement of Bone Formation in a Rat Tibial Defect Model. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:E351. [PMID: 30257482 PMCID: PMC6213427 DOI: 10.3390/md16100351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering scaffolds offer the merits of minimal invasion as well as localized and controlled biomolecule release to targeted sites. In this study, we prepared injectable hydrogel systems based on visible light-cured glycol chitosan (GC) hydrogels containing bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and/or transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) as scaffolds for bone formation in vitro and in vivo. The hydrogels were characterized by storage modulus, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and swelling ratio analyses. The developed hydrogel systems showed controlled releases of growth factors in a sustained manner for 30 days. In vitro and in vivo studies revealed that growth factor-loaded GC hydrogels have no cytotoxicity against MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cell line, improved mRNA expressions of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), type I collagen (COL 1) and osteocalcin (OCN), and increased bone volume (BV) and bone mineral density (BMD) in tibia defect sites. Moreover, GC hydrogel containing BMP-2 (10 ng) and TGF-β1 (10 ng) (GC/BMP-2/TGF-β1-10 ng) showed greater bone formation abilities than that containing BMP-2 (5 ng) and TGF-β1 (5 ng) (GC/BMP-2/TGF-β1-5 ng) in vitro and in vivo. Consequently, the injectable GC/BMP-2/TGF-β1-10 ng hydrogel may have clinical potential for dental or orthopedic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Jung Yoon
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea.
| | - Youngbum Yoo
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, The Konkuk University, Seoul 05030, Korea.
| | - Sang Eun Nam
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, The Konkuk University, Seoul 05030, Korea.
| | - Hoon Hyun
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea.
| | - Deok-Won Lee
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 05278, Korea.
| | - Sewook Um
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - So Yeon Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Sciences, Cheongju University, Cheongju 28503, Korea.
| | - Sung Ok Hong
- Department of Dentistry, Catholic Kwandong University, School of Medicine, Medicine, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon 22711, Korea.
| | - Dae Hyeok Yang
- Institute of Cell and Tissue Engineering, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.
| | - Heung Jae Chun
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.
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37
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Chen X, Wang H, Jiang M, Zhao J, Fan C, Wang Y, Peng W. Huangqi (astragalus) decoction ameliorates diabetic nephropathy via IRS1-PI3K-GLUT signaling pathway. Am J Transl Res 2018; 10:2491-2501. [PMID: 30210687 PMCID: PMC6129530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Huangqi decoction (HD) is a prescription for the treatment of diabetes in traditional Chinese medicine. The study was aimed to investigate the effect of HD on diabetic nephropathy. Male diabetic db/db mice which develop diabetic nephropathy spontanously and non-diabetic db/m control mice were used in the current study, and received the treatment of HD for 14 consecutive weeks. HD treatment dose-dependently decreased the body weight, urine volume, water intake and food intake, improved glucose tolerance and insulin resistance, and lowered blood glucose, serum glycosylated hemoglobin, insulin and insulin resistance index in db/db mice. The db/db mice also showed low levels of serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and urine albumin, and improved renal functions such as glomerular filtration rate after HD treatment. Histological examination showed that HD treatment prevented the deterioration of basement membrane of glomerular capillary, mesangial matrix and renal tubular lumen in the db/db mice. Through examining the cell signaling pathways which might be involved in the pathology of diabetic nephropathy, we found that HD treatment activated phospho-IRY1361, phospho-IRS1Y896, phospho-PI3K, and inhibited phospho-IRS1S636/639, phospho-AKTT308 and phospho-AKTS473. HD treatment abolished the change in the expression of glucose transporters in the diabetic kidney with an increase in GLUT4 but decrease in GLUT1 expression in the kidney in a dose-dependent manner. Our study suggests that HD prevents the development of diabetes and improves renal function in the db/db mice and HD regulation of the IRS1-PI3K-GLUT signaling pathway significantly improves diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Minqian Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Chunling Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yunman Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Wen Peng
- Department of Nephrology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai, China
- Laboratory of Renal Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai, China
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38
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Immune Cell Induced Migration of Osteoprogenitor Cells Is Mediated by TGF-β Dependent Upregulation of NOX4 and Activation of Focal Adhesion Kinase. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082239. [PMID: 30065198 PMCID: PMC6121453 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The cytokines secreted by immune cells have a large impact on the tissue, surrounding a fracture, e.g., by attraction of osteoprogenitor cells. However, the underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Thus, this study aims at investigating molecular mechanisms of the immune cell-mediated migration of immature primary human osteoblasts (phOBs), with transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 4 (NOX4) and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) as possible regulators. Monocyte- and macrophage (THP-1 cells ± phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) treatment)-conditioned media, other than the granulocyte-conditioned medium (HL-60 cells + dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) treatment), induce migration of phOBs. Monocyte- and macrophage (THP-1 cells)-conditioned media activate Smad3-dependent TGF-β signaling in the phOBs. Stimulation with TGF-β promotes migration of phOBs. Furthermore, TGF-β treatment strongly induces NOX4 expression on both mRNA and protein levels. The associated reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation results in phosphorylation (Y397) of FAK. Blocking TGF-β signaling, NOX4 activity and FAK signaling effectively inhibits the migration of phOBs towards TGF-β. In summary, our data suggest that monocytic- and macrophage-like cells induce migration of phOBs in a TGF-β-dependent manner, with TGF-β-dependent induction of NOX4, associated production of ROS and resulting activation of FAK as key mediators.
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39
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Sreekumar V, Aspera-Werz R, Ehnert S, Strobel J, Tendulkar G, Heid D, Schreiner A, Arnscheidt C, Nussler AK. Resveratrol protects primary cilia integrity of human mesenchymal stem cells from cigarette smoke to improve osteogenic differentiation in vitro. Arch Toxicol 2018; 92:1525-1538. [PMID: 29264620 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-2149-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have explored the negative effects of cigarette smoke on bone healing; however, the complex pathogenesis still remains unclear. One crucial and primary factor determining effective fracture repair is the recruitment and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into bone-forming cells. Recently, primary cilia, microtubule-based sensory organelles, have been shown to be critical in lineage commitment and differentiation of MSCs. Our present study indicates that exposure to cigarette smoke extract (CSE 0.1-10%) impaired osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cell line (SCP-1) and interestingly, also affected primary cilia distribution and integrity in these cells during the differentiation. Furthermore, significant amounts of free radicals generated by CSE could be causative of primary cilia loss since treatment with 0.01% of hydrogen peroxide, a prime free radical in CSE, destroyed primary cilia in these cells. The debilitated differentiation of CSE-exposed SCP-1 cells also correlated with the significantly reduced expression of transcription factor and target genes of primary cilia-specific hedgehog signalling, a key player in osteogenic differentiation. As a treatment strategy, co-incubation of the CSE-exposed SCP-1 cells with the antioxidant resveratrol (1 µM) had a protective effect as it significantly reduced free radical production, protected the primary cilia and enhanced osteogenic differentiation. The current study shows for the first time that cigarette smoke affects primary cilia in human MSCs during osteogenic differentiation and treatment with resveratrol could reverse the effects and enhance differentiation, thus opening up potential therapeutic alternatives to treat fracture healing in smokers, in particularly, when delayed fracture healing is assumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vrinda Sreekumar
- Department of Traumatology, BG Trauma Clinic, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Romina Aspera-Werz
- Department of Traumatology, BG Trauma Clinic, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sabrina Ehnert
- Department of Traumatology, BG Trauma Clinic, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Julius Strobel
- Department of Traumatology, BG Trauma Clinic, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gauri Tendulkar
- Department of Traumatology, BG Trauma Clinic, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Daniel Heid
- Department of Traumatology, BG Trauma Clinic, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anna Schreiner
- Department of Traumatology, BG Trauma Clinic, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christian Arnscheidt
- Department of Traumatology, BG Trauma Clinic, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas K Nussler
- Department of Traumatology, BG Trauma Clinic, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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40
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Xiong G, Lingampalli N, Koltsov JC, Leung LL, Bhutani N, Robinson WH, Chu CR. Men and Women Differ in the Biochemical Composition of Platelet-Rich Plasma. Am J Sports Med 2018; 46:409-419. [PMID: 29211968 PMCID: PMC8487642 DOI: 10.1177/0363546517740845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is widely used for a variety of clinical applications. However, clinical outcome studies have not consistently shown positive effects. The composition of PRP differs based on many factors. An improved understanding of factors influencing the composition of PRP is important for the optimization of PRP use. HYPOTHESIS Age and sex influence the PRP composition in healthy patients. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS Blood from 39 healthy patients was collected at a standardized time and processed into leukocyte-poor PRP within 1 hour of collection using the same laboratory centrifuge protocol and frozen for later analysis. Eleven female and 10 male patients were "young" (aged 18-30 years), while 8 male and 10 female patients were "older" (aged 45-60 years). Thawed PRP samples were assessed for cytokine and growth factor levels using a multiplex assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The platelet count and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels were measured. Two-way analysis of variance determined age- and sex-based differences. RESULTS Platelet and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein concentrations were similar in PRP between the groups ( P = .234). Male patients had higher cytokine and growth factor levels in PRP compared with female patients for inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) (9.83 vs 7.71 pg/mL, respectively; P = .008) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) (131.6 vs 110.5 pg/mL, respectively; P = .048); the anti-inflammatory IL-1 receptor antagonist protein (IRAP) (298.0 vs 218.0 pg/mL, respectively; P < .001); and growth factors such as fibroblast growth factor-basic (FGF-basic) (237.9 vs 194.0 pg/mL, respectively; P = .01), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB) (3296.2 vs 2579.3 pg/mL, respectively; P = .087), and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) (118.8 vs 92.8 ng/mL, respectively; P = .002). Age- but not sex-related differences were observed for insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) ( P < .001). Age and sex interaction terms were not significant. While mean differences were significant, there was also substantial intragroup variability. CONCLUSION This study in healthy patients shows differences in the composition of PRP between men and women, with sex being a greater factor than age. There was also proteomic variability within the groups. These data support a personalized approach to PRP treatment and highlight the need for a greater understanding of the relationships between proteomic factors in PRP and clinical outcomes. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Variability in the proteomic profile of PRP may affect tissue and clinical responses to treatment. These data suggest that clinical studies should account for the composition of PRP used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Xiong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University
School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo
Alto, California, USA
| | - Nithya Lingampalli
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo
Alto, California, USA
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department
of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jayme C.B. Koltsov
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University
School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Lawrence L. Leung
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo
Alto, California, USA
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine,
Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Nidhi Bhutani
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University
School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - William H. Robinson
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo
Alto, California, USA
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department
of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Constance R. Chu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University
School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo
Alto, California, USA
- Address correspondence to Constance R. Chu, MD,
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 450
Broadway Street, MC 6342, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA
()
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41
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Shiu HT, Leung PC, Ko CH. The roles of cellular and molecular components of a hematoma at early stage of bone healing. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018; 12:e1911-e1925. [PMID: 29207216 DOI: 10.1002/term.2622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bone healing is a complex repair process that commences with the formation of a blood clot at the injured bone, termed hematoma. It has evidenced that a lack of a stable hematoma causes delayed bone healing or non-union. The hematoma at the injured bone constitutes the early healing microenvironment. It appears to dictate healing pathways that ends in a regenerative bone. However, the hematoma is often clinically removed from the damaged site. Conversely, blood-derived products have been used in bone tissue engineering for treating critical sized defects, including fibrin gels and platelet-rich plasma. A second generation of platelet concentrate that is based on leukocyte and fibrin content has also been developed and introduced in market. Conflicting effect of these products in bone repair are reported. We propose that the bone healing response becomes dysregulated if the blood response and subsequent formation and properties of a hematoma are altered. This review focuses on the central structural, cellular, and molecular components of a fracture hematoma, with a major emphasis on their roles in regulating bone healing mechanism, and their interactions with mesenchymal stem cells. New angles towards a better understanding of these factors and relevant mechanisms involved at the beginning of bone healing may help to clarify limited or adverse effects of blood-derived products on bone repair. We emphasize that the recreation of an early hematoma niche with critical compositions might emerge as a viable therapeutic strategy for enhanced skeletal tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoi Ting Shiu
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry & Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Ping Chung Leung
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry & Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Chun Hay Ko
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry & Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
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Wei J, Li M, Gao F, Zeng R, Liu G, Li K. Multiple analyses of large-scale genome-wide association study highlight new risk pathways in lumbar spine bone mineral density. Oncotarget 2017; 7:31429-39. [PMID: 27119226 PMCID: PMC5058768 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common human complex disease. It is mainly characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) and low-trauma osteoporotic fractures (OF). Until now, a large proportion of heritability has yet to be explained. The existing large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) provide strong support for the investigation of osteoporosis mechanisms using pathway analysis. Recent findings showed that different risk pathways may be involved in BMD in different tissues. Here, we conducted multiple pathway analyses of a large-scale lumbar spine BMD GWAS dataset (2,468,080 SNPs and 31,800 samples) using two published gene-based analysis software including ProxyGeneLD and the PLINK. Using BMD genes from ProxyGeneLD, we identified 51 significant KEGG pathways with adjusted P<0.01. Using BMD genes from PLINK, we identified 38 significant KEGG pathways with adjusted P<0.01. Interestingly, 33 pathways are shared in both methods. In summary, we not only identified the known risk pathway such as Wnt signaling, in which the top GWAS variants are significantly enriched, but also highlight some new risk pathways. Interestingly, evidence from further supports the involvement of these pathways in MBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Wei
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ming Li
- Departmentof Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Trauma and Emergency Surgeon, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rong Zeng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Guiyou Liu
- Genome Analysis Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Keshen Li
- Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Stroke Center, Neurology & Neurosurgery Division, The Clinical Medicine Research Institute & The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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43
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Characterisation of porous knitted titanium for replacement of intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16611. [PMID: 29192178 PMCID: PMC5709513 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16863-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective restoration of human intervertebral disc degeneration is challenged by numerous limitations of the currently available spinal fusion and arthroplasty treatment strategies. Consequently, use of artificial biomaterial implant is gaining attention as a potential therapeutic strategy. Our study is aimed at investigating and characterizing a novel knitted titanium (Ti6Al4V) implant for the replacement of nucleus pulposus to treat early stages of chronic intervertebral disc degeneration. Specific knitted geometry of the scaffold with a porosity of 67.67 ± 0.824% was used to overcome tissue integration failures. Furthermore, to improve the wear resistance without impairing original mechanical strength, electro-polishing step was employed. Electro-polishing treatment changed a surface roughness from 15.22 ± 3.28 to 4.35 ± 0.87 µm without affecting its wettability which remained at 81.03 ± 8.5°. Subsequently, cellular responses of human mesenchymal stem cells (SCP1 cell line) and human primary chondrocytes were investigated which showed positive responses in terms of adherence and viability. Surface wettability was further enhanced to super hydrophilic nature by oxygen plasma treatment, which eventually caused substantial increase in the proliferation of SCP1 cells and primary chondrocytes. Our study implies that owing to scaffolds physicochemical and biocompatible properties, it could improve the clinical performance of nucleus pulposus replacement.
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Wang G, Zhao F, Yang D, Wang J, Qiu L, Pang X. Human amniotic epithelial cells regulate osteoblast differentiation through the secretion of TGFβ1 and microRNA-34a-5p. Int J Mol Med 2017; 41:791-799. [PMID: 29207015 PMCID: PMC5752186 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the beginning of the use of stem cells in tissue regenerative medicine, there has been a search for optimal sources of stem cells. Human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) are derived from human amnions, which are typically discarded as medical waste, but were recently found to include cells with trilineage differentiation potential in vitro. Previous study has focused on the osteogenic differentiation ability of hAECs as seed cells in bone regeneration; however, their paracrine effects on osteoblasts (OBs) are yet to be elucidated. In the present study, conditioned medium (CM) derived from hAECs was used to determine their paracrine effects on the human fetal OB cell line (hFOB1.19), and the potential bioactive factors involved in this process were investigated. The results suggested that hAEC-CM markedly promoted the proliferation, migration and osteogenic differentiation of hFOB1.19 cells. Expression of transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) and microRNA 34a-5p (miR-34a-5p) were detected in hAECs. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that TGFβ1 and miR-34a-5p stimulated the differentiation of hFOB1.19 cells, and that TGFβ1 promoted cell migration. Moreover, the effects of hAEC-CM were downregulated following the depletion of either TGFβ1 or miR-34a-5p. These results demonstrated that hAECs promote OB differentiation through the secretion of TGFβ1 and miR-34a-5p, and that hAECs may be an optimal cell source in bone regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiling Wang
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, P.R. China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110013, P.R. China
| | - Di Yang
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Anal and Intestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Lihong Qiu
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, P.R. China
| | - Xining Pang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110013, P.R. China
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45
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Ehnert S, Sreekumar V, Aspera-Werz RH, Sajadian SO, Wintermeyer E, Sandmann GH, Bahrs C, Hengstler JG, Godoy P, Nussler AK. TGF-β 1 impairs mechanosensation of human osteoblasts via HDAC6-mediated shortening and distortion of primary cilia. J Mol Med (Berl) 2017; 95:653-663. [PMID: 28271209 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-017-1526-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 01/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is a critical regulator of bone density owing to its multiple effects on cell growth and differentiation. Recently, we have shown that TGF-β1 effectively blocks bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) induced maturation of osteoblasts by upregulating histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity. The current study aimed at investigating the effect of rhTGF-β1 treatment on the expression of specific HDACs and their cellular effects, e.g., microtubule structures (primary cilia) and mechanosensation. Exposure to TGF-β1 most significantly induced expression of HDAC6 both on gene and protein level. Being most abundant in the cytoplasm HDAC6 effectively deacetylates microtubule structures. Thus, TGF-β1-induced expression of HDAC6 led to deformation and shortening of primary cilia as well as to reduced numbers of ciliated cells. Primary cilia are described to sense mechanical stimuli. Thus, fluid flow was applied to the cells, which stimulated osteoblast function (AP activity and matrix mineralization). Compromised primary cilia in TGF-β1-treated cells were associated with reduced osteogenic function, despite exposure to fluid flow conditions. Chemical inhibition of HDAC6 with Tubacin restored primary cilium structure and length. These cells showed improved osteogenic function especially under fluid flow conditions. Summarizing our results, TGF-β1 impairs human osteoblast maturation partially via HDAC6-mediated distortion and/or shortening of primary cilia. This knowledge opens up new treatment options for trauma patients with chronically elevated TGF-β1-levels (e.g., diabetics), which frequently suffer from delayed fracture healing despite adequate mechanical stimulation. KEY MESSAGES Exposure to TGF-β1 induces expression of HDAC6 in human osteoblasts. TGF-β1 exposed human osteoblasts show less and distorted primary cilia. TGF-β1 exposed human osteoblasts are less sensitive towards mechanical stimulation. Mechanosensation can be recovered by HDAC6 inhibitor Tubacin in human osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Ehnert
- Siegfried Weller Institute for trauma research at the BG Trauma Center, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Vrinda Sreekumar
- Siegfried Weller Institute for trauma research at the BG Trauma Center, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Romina H Aspera-Werz
- Siegfried Weller Institute for trauma research at the BG Trauma Center, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sahar O Sajadian
- Siegfried Weller Institute for trauma research at the BG Trauma Center, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Elke Wintermeyer
- Siegfried Weller Institute for trauma research at the BG Trauma Center, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gunther H Sandmann
- Siegfried Weller Institute for trauma research at the BG Trauma Center, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christian Bahrs
- Siegfried Weller Institute for trauma research at the BG Trauma Center, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jan G Hengstler
- IfADo-Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the Technical University Dortmund, Ardeystraße 67, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Patricio Godoy
- IfADo-Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the Technical University Dortmund, Ardeystraße 67, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Andreas K Nussler
- Siegfried Weller Institute for trauma research at the BG Trauma Center, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
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Yang C, Wang Y, Xu H. Fluoride Regulate Osteoblastic Transforming Growth Factor-β1 Signaling by Mediating Recycling of the Type I Receptor ALK5. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170674. [PMID: 28125630 PMCID: PMC5268439 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to preliminary investigate the role of activin receptor-like kinase (ALK) 5 as one of TGF-βR1 subtypes in bone turnover and osteoblastic differentiation induced by fluoride. We analyzed bone mineral density and the expression of genes related with transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) signaling and bone turnover in rats treated by different concentrations of fluoride with or without SB431542 in vivo. Moreover, MTT assay, alkaline phosphatase staining, RT-PCR, immunocytochemical analysis and western blot analysis were used to detect the influence on bone marrow stem cells (BMSC) after stimulating by varying concentration of fluoride with or without SB431542 in vitro. The in vivo study showed SB431542 treatment affected bone density and gene expression of rats, which indicated TGF-β1 and ALK5 might take part in fluoride-induced bone turnover and bone formation. The in vitro study showed low concentration of fluoride improved BMSC cells viability, alkaline phosphatase activity, and osteocalcin protein expression which were inhibited by high concentration of fluoride. The gene expression of Runx2 and ALK5 in cells increased after low concentration fluoride treatment which was also inhibited by high concentration of fluoride. Fluoride treatment inhibited gene and protein expression of Samd3 (except 1 mgF-/L). Compared with fluoride treatment alone, cells differentiation was inhibited with SB431542 treatment. Moreover, the expression of Runx2, ALK5 and Smad3 were influenced by SB431542 treatment. In conclusion, this preliminary study indicated that fluoride regulated osteoblastic TGFβ1 signaling in bone turnover and cells differentiation via ALK5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Hui Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
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Martins R, Armada L, Dos Santos TC, Pires FR. Comparative immunoexpression of ICAM-1, TGF-β1 and ki-67 in periapical and residual cysts. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2017; 22:e24-e30. [PMID: 27918735 PMCID: PMC5217493 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.21346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study compared the immunohistochemical expression of ki-67, transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in inflammatory periapical cysts and residual cysts. Material and Methods The study sample was composed by 25 periapical cysts and 25 residual cysts and immunohistochemical reactions were carried out using antibodies directed against ICAM-1, TGF-β1 and ki-67. Clinical, radiological, gross, histological and immunohistochemical data were tabulated for descriptive and comparative analysis using the SPSS software and differences were considered statistically significant when p<0.05%. Results There were no differences between the expression of ICAM-1 (p=0.239) and TGF-β1 (p=0.258) when comparing both groups. Ki-67 labeling index was higher in residual cysts compared to periapical cysts (p=0.017). Conclusions Results from the present study suggest that some specific inflammatory stimuli on residual cysts would modulate their mechanisms of etiopathogenesis, growing and repair. Key words:Periapical cyst, radicular cyst, residual cyst, transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), ki-67.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Martins
- Post Graduation Program in Dentistry, Estácio de Sá University, Av. Alfredo Baltazar da Silveira, 580 cobertura, CEP 22790-701, Recreio dos Bandeirantes, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil,
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Hu XK, Yin XH, Zhang HQ, Guo CF, Tang MX. Liraglutide attenuates the osteoblastic differentiation of MC3T3‑E1 cells by modulating AMPK/mTOR signaling. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:3662-8. [PMID: 27600753 PMCID: PMC5042760 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Liraglutide, a synthetic analogue of glucagon-like peptide-1, is utilized in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity. Liraglutide has been previously demonstrated to prevent osteoblastic differentiation of human vascular smooth muscle cells, resulting in the slowing of arterial calcification, however, its effect on bone formation remains unclear. The present study investigated the effect of liraglutide on osteoblastic differentiation using Alizarin Red S staining, and examined the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulatory effect by western blot analysis. The present study demonstrated that protein expression levels of phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK) were downregulated in MC3T3-E1 cells during osteoblastic differentiation in commercial osteogenic differentiation medium, whereas protein expression levels of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR) increased. Liraglutide was subsequently demonstrated to dose-dependently attenuate the osteoblastic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells, to upregulate p-AMPK, and downregulate p-mTOR and TGF-β protein expression levels. Treatment with an AMPK-specific inhibitor, Compound C, eradicated the effect of liraglutide on osteoblastic differentiation, and p-mTOR and TGF-β downregulation. An mTOR activator, MHY1485, also abolished the inhibitory effect of liraglutide on osteoblastic differentiation, and resulted in p-mTOR and TGF-β downregulation, but did not attenuate the liraglutide-induced increase in p-AMPK protein expression levels. The results of the present study demonstrate that liraglutide attenuates osteoblastic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells via modulation of AMPK/mTOR signaling. The present study revealed a novel function of liraglutide, which contributes to the understanding of its pharmacological and physiological effects in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong-Ke Hu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Hua Yin
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Qi Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Chao-Feng Guo
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Xing Tang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
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Donato TAG, Martinez EF, Arana-Chavez VE. Effects of TGF-β1 on mineralization mediated by rat calvaria-derived osteogenic cells. Microsc Res Tech 2016; 79:1139-1146. [PMID: 27557631 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we have analyzed the viability and cell growth, as well as, the mineralization of extracellular matrix (ECM) by alizarin red and von Kossa staining of calvaria-derived osteogenic cultures, treated with TGF-β1 alone or associated with Dex comparing with acid ascorbic (AA) + β-glicerophosphate (βGP) (positive mineralization control). The expression of the noncollagenous proteins bone sialoprotein (BSP), osteopontin (OPN) and fibronectin (FN) were evaluated by indirect immunofluorescence. In addition, the main ultrastructural morphological findings were assessed by transmission electron microscopy. Osteogenic cells were isolated of calvaria bone from newborn (2-day-old) Wistar rats were treated with TGF-β1 alone or with dexamethasone for 7, 10, and 14 days. As positive mineralization control, the cells were supplemented only with AA+ βGP. As negative control, the cells were cultured with basal medium (α-MEM + 10%FBS + 1%gentamicin). The treatment with TGF-β1, even when combined with Dex, decreased the viability and cell growth when compared with the positive control. Osteoblastic cell cultures were positive to alizarin red and von Kossa stainings after AA + βGP and Dex alone treatments. Positive immunoreaction was found for BSP, OPN and FN in all studied treatments. Otherwise, when the cell cultures were supplemented with TGF-β1 and TGF-β1 + Dex, no mineralization was observed in any of the studied periods. These present findings suggest that TGF-β1, in the studied in vitro doses, inhibits the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblastic cells by impairment of nodule formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiani A G Donato
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, Laboratory of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth F Martinez
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, Laboratory of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Department of Oral Pathology, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Victor E Arana-Chavez
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, Laboratory of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Ehnert S, Aspera-Werz RH, Freude T, Reumann MK, Ochs BG, Bahrs C, Schröter S, Wintermeyer E, Nussler AK, Pscherer S. Distinct Gene Expression Patterns Defining Human Osteoblasts' Response to BMP2 Treatment: Is the Therapeutic Success All a Matter of Timing? Eur Surg Res 2016; 57:197-210. [DOI: 10.1159/000447089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) play a key role in bone formation. Local application of BMP2 (Dibotermin alfa) supports bone formation when applied to complex fractures. However, up to 33% of patients do not respond to this therapy. Purpose: Aiming to investigate whether inter-individual responses to BMP2 treatment can be predicted by gene expression patterns, we investigated the effect of BMP2 on primary human osteoblasts and THP-1 cell-derived osteoclasts from 110 donors. Methods: Osteoblasts were obtained by collagenase digestion of spongy bone tissues. Osteoclasts were differentiated from THP-1 cells using the conditioned media of the osteoblasts. Viability was determined by resazurin conversion. As functional characteristics AP and Trap5B activity were measured. Gene expression levels were determined by RT-PCR in 21 of the 110 evaluated donors and visualized by electrophoresis. Results: Based on our data, we could classify three response groups: (i) In 51.8% of all donors, BMP2 treatment induced osteoblast function. These donors strongly expressed the BMP2 inhibitor Noggin (NOG), the alternative BMP2 receptors repulsive guidance molecule B (RGMb) and activin receptor-like kinase 6 (Alk6), as well as the Wnt inhibitor sclerostin (SOST). (ii) In 17.3% of all donors, BMP2 treatment induced viability. In these donors, the initial high SOST expression significantly dropped with BMP2 treatment. (iii) 30.9% of all donors were not directly affected by BMP2 treatment. These donors expressed high levels of the pseudoreceptor BMP and activin membrane-bound inhibitor (BAMBI) and lacked SOST expression. In all donors, SOST expression correlated directly with receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) expression, defining the cells' potential to stimulate osteoclastogenesis. Conclusions: Our data identified three donor groups profiting from BMP2 treatment either directly via stimulation of osteoblast function or viability and/or indirectly via inhibition of osteoclastogenesis, depending on their expression of BAMBI, SOST, NOG, and RANKL. On the basis of patients' respective expression profiles, the clinical application of BMP2 as well as its timing might be modified in order to better fit the patients' needs to promote bone formation or to inhibit bone resorption.
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