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Taheri MM, Javan F, Poudineh M, Athari SS. CAR-NKT Cells in Asthma: Use of NKT as a Promising Cell for CAR Therapy. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2024:10.1007/s12016-024-08998-0. [PMID: 38995478 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-024-08998-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
NKT cells, unique lymphocytes bridging innate and adaptive immunity, offer significant potential for managing inflammatory disorders like asthma. Activating iNKT induces increasing IFN-γ, TGF-β, IL-2, and IL-10 potentially suppressing allergic asthma. However, their immunomodulatory effects, including granzyme-perforin-mediated cytotoxicity, and expression of TIM-3 and TRAIL warrant careful consideration and targeted approaches. Although CAR-T cell therapy has achieved remarkable success in treating certain cancers, its limitations necessitate exploring alternative approaches. In this context, CAR-NKT cells emerge as a promising approach for overcoming these challenges, potentially achieving safer and more effective immunotherapies. Strategies involve targeting distinct IgE-receptors and their interactions with CAR-NKT cells, potentially disrupting allergen-mast cell/basophil interactions and preventing inflammatory cytokine release. Additionally, targeting immune checkpoints like PDL-2, inducible ICOS, FASL, CTLA-4, and CD137 or dectin-1 for fungal asthma could further modulate immune responses. Furthermore, artificial intelligence and machine learning hold immense promise for revolutionizing NKT cell-based asthma therapy. AI can optimize CAR-NKT cell functionalities, design personalized treatment strategies, and unlock a future of precise and effective care. This review discusses various approaches to enhancing CAR-NKT cell efficacy and longevity, along with the challenges and opportunities they present in the treatment of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatemeh Javan
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Poudineh
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Seyyed Shamsadin Athari
- Cancer Gene therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
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2
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Moñino-Romero S, Kolkhir P, Ohanyan T, Szépfalusi Z, Weller K, Metz M, Scheffel J, Maurer M, Altrichter S. Elevated baseline soluble FcεRI may be linked to early response to omalizumab treatment in chronic spontaneous urticaria. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2024; 38:167-174. [PMID: 37641982 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Omalizumab, an anti-IgE monoclonal antibody, is an effective treatment in chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). Predictors of fast and good response for omalizumab treatment have not yet been identified and characterized. OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether soluble FcεRI (sFcεRI), a marker of IgE-mediated mast cell activation, predicts the time of response to omalizumab in CSU. METHODS Sera of 67 CSU patients were obtained before omalizumab treatment and analysed for sFcεRI levels by ELISA (2 ng/mL was used as cut-off for elevated sFcɛRI). Treatment response during the first 4 weeks was assessed with the urticaria activity score (UAS7), urticaria control test (UCT) and the rolling UAS7 (rUAS7). RESULTS Elevated pre-treatment sFcɛRI levels were detected in more than 70% of patients with completely controlled disease (UCT = 16) and well-controlled disease (UCT = 12-15) and were significantly associated with disease control (χ2 = 4.94, p < 0.05). More than half of the patients (14/25) with low levels had poor disease control (UCT < 12). Of the patients who achieved complete and marked UAS7 response, respectively, 75% and 63% had elevated baseline sFcɛRI levels. Post-treatment UAS7 scores were lower in patients with elevated sFcɛRI levels reaching statistical significance at Week 3 (p < 0.05). Patients with elevated baseline sFcɛRI levels achieved rUAS7 ≤ 6 and = 0 earlier than those with lower levels (Days 9 vs. 13 and Days 12 vs. 14, respectively). CONCLUSION Elevated sFcεRI serum levels predict early and good response to treatment with omalizumab, which may help to better design treatment options for CSU patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Moñino-Romero
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - P Kolkhir
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - T Ohanyan
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Z Szépfalusi
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - K Weller
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Metz
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Scheffel
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Maurer
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - S Altrichter
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
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3
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Osorio-Perez RM, Rodríguez-Manzo G, Espinosa-Riquer ZP, Cruz SL, González-Espinosa C. Endocannabinoid modulation of allergic responses: Focus on the control of FcεRI-mediated mast cell activation. Eur J Cell Biol 2023; 102:151324. [PMID: 37236045 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2023.151324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic reactions are highly prevalent pathologies initiated by the production of IgE antibodies against harmless antigens (allergens) and the activation of the high-affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI) expressed in the surface of basophils and mast cells (MCs). Research on the mechanisms of negative control of those exacerbated inflammatory reactions has been intense in recent years. Endocannabinoids (eCBs) show important regulatory effects on MC-mediated immune responses, mainly inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. However, the description of the molecular mechanisms involved in eCB control of MC activation is far from complete. In this review, we aim to summarize the available information regarding the role of eCBs in the modulation of FcεRI-dependent activation of that cell type, emphasizing the description of the eCB system and the existence of some of its elements in MCs. Unique characteristics of the eCB system and cannabinoid receptors (CBRs) localization and signaling in MCs are mentioned. The described and putative points of cross-talk between CBRs and FcεRI signaling cascades are also presented. Finally, we discuss some important considerations in the study of the effects of eCBs in MCs and the perspectives in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubi Monserrat Osorio-Perez
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Sede Sur, Calzada de los Tenorios No. 235, Col. Granjas Coapa, Tlalpan, CP 14330 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Rodríguez-Manzo
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Sede Sur, Calzada de los Tenorios No. 235, Col. Granjas Coapa, Tlalpan, CP 14330 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Zyanya P Espinosa-Riquer
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Sede Sur, Calzada de los Tenorios No. 235, Col. Granjas Coapa, Tlalpan, CP 14330 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Silvia L Cruz
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Sede Sur, Calzada de los Tenorios No. 235, Col. Granjas Coapa, Tlalpan, CP 14330 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Claudia González-Espinosa
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Sede Sur, Calzada de los Tenorios No. 235, Col. Granjas Coapa, Tlalpan, CP 14330 Mexico City, Mexico.
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Plattner K, Bachmann MF, Vogel M. On the complexity of IgE: The role of structural flexibility and glycosylation for binding its receptors. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2023; 4:1117611. [PMID: 37056355 PMCID: PMC10089267 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2023.1117611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well established that immunoglobulin E (IgE) plays a crucial role in atopy by binding to two types of Fcε receptors (FcεRI and FcεRII, also known as CD23). The cross-linking of FcεRI-bound IgE on effector cells, such as basophils and mast cells, initiates the allergic response. Conversely, the binding of IgE to CD23 modulates IgE serum levels and antigen presentation. In addition to binding to FcεRs, IgE can also interact with other receptors, such as certain galectins and, in mice, some FcγRs. The binding strength of IgE to its receptors is affected by its valency and glycosylation. While FcεRI shows reduced binding to IgE immune complexes (IgE-ICs), the binding to CD23 is enhanced. There is no evidence that galectins bind IgE-ICs. On the other hand, IgE glycosylation plays a crucial role in the binding to FcεRI and galectins, whereas the binding to CD23 seems to be independent of glycosylation. In this review, we will focus on receptors that bind to IgE and examine how the glycosylation and complexation of IgE impact their binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Plattner
- Department of Immunology, University Clinic for Rheumatology and Immunology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Research Bern (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin F. Bachmann
- Department of Immunology, University Clinic for Rheumatology and Immunology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Research Bern (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Monique Vogel
- Department of Immunology, University Clinic for Rheumatology and Immunology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Research Bern (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Correspondence: Monique Vogel
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5
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Steinert C, Moñino‐Romero S, Butze M, Scheffel J, Dölle‐Bierke S, Dobbertin‐Welsch J, Beyer K, Maurer M, Altrichter S. Soluble IgE-binding factors in the serum of food-allergic patients: Possible pathophysiological role of soluble FcεRI as protective factor. Clin Transl Allergy 2023; 13:e12222. [PMID: 36825516 PMCID: PMC9904993 DOI: 10.1002/clt2.12222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND IgE-mediated food allergy is the result of an aberrant immune response involving the interaction of a food allergen with its specific IgE bound to FcɛRI, the high affinity IgE receptor, on mast cells. Allergen-specific IgE also binds to soluble binding factors, but, their expression and role in food allergy is not well characterized. Here, we assess the prevalence and relevance of soluble IgE binding factors in food allergy and tolerance. METHODS We measured serum levels of four IgE binding factors, that is, galectin-3, galectin-9, soluble FcɛRI (sFcεRI) and soluble CD23 (sCD23) in 67 adults sensitized to peanut or hazelnut and sFcɛRI in 29 children sensitized to hen's egg. Adults without food allergen sensitization (n = 17) served as healthy controls. We compared serum levels of patients and controls and assessed them, in the former, for links to clinical features including allergy and tolerance. RESULTS Serum levels of sFcɛRI and sCD23, but not galectin-3 and galectin-9, significantly differ in food-sensitized patients as compared to healthy controls. A subgroup (28%) of peanut and hazelnut allergic patients had elevated sFcεRI levels, that were associated with higher total and specific IgE levels. Furthermore, sFcεRI levels were significantly higher in tolerant subjects compared to allergics. Among hazelnut allergic patients, those with high sFcεRI levels tolerated the highest protein amounts in the oral food challenge. CONCLUSION sFcɛRI but not sCD23, galectin-3 and galectin-9 might play a role in the pathophysiology of food allergy. Its functional role or use as biomarker should be assessed in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Steinert
- Institute of AllergologyCharité – Universitätsmedizin BerlinFreie Universität Berlin und Humboldt‐Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany,Allergology and ImmunologyFraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMPBerlinGermany,Department of Biology, Chemistry and PharmacyFreie Universität BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Sherezade Moñino‐Romero
- Institute of AllergologyCharité – Universitätsmedizin BerlinFreie Universität Berlin und Humboldt‐Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany,Allergology and ImmunologyFraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMPBerlinGermany
| | - Monique Butze
- Institute of AllergologyCharité – Universitätsmedizin BerlinFreie Universität Berlin und Humboldt‐Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany,Allergology and ImmunologyFraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMPBerlinGermany,University of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
| | - Jörg Scheffel
- Institute of AllergologyCharité – Universitätsmedizin BerlinFreie Universität Berlin und Humboldt‐Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany,Allergology and ImmunologyFraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMPBerlinGermany
| | - Sabine Dölle‐Bierke
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Venerology and AllergyDepartment of DermatologyCharité – Universitätsmedizin BerlinFreie Universität Berlin und Humboldt‐Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Josefine Dobbertin‐Welsch
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care MedicineCharité – Universitätsmedizin BerlinFreie Universität Berlin und Humboldt‐Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Kirsten Beyer
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care MedicineCharité – Universitätsmedizin BerlinFreie Universität Berlin und Humboldt‐Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Marcus Maurer
- Institute of AllergologyCharité – Universitätsmedizin BerlinFreie Universität Berlin und Humboldt‐Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany,Allergology and ImmunologyFraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMPBerlinGermany
| | - Sabine Altrichter
- Institute of AllergologyCharité – Universitätsmedizin BerlinFreie Universität Berlin und Humboldt‐Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany,Allergology and ImmunologyFraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMPBerlinGermany,Department for Dermatology and VenerologyKepler University HospitalLinzAustria
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6
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Olewicz-Gawlik A, Kowala-Piaskowska A. Self-reactive IgE and anti-IgE therapy in autoimmune diseases. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1112917. [PMID: 36755957 PMCID: PMC9899859 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1112917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence indicates the pathogenic role of autoreactive IgE in autoimmune diseases. Incidence of autoimmune and allergic diseases in the industrialized countries is consistently icreasing, thus leading to concerted efforts to comprehend the regulation of IgE-mediated mechanisms. The first reports of a presence of IgE autoantibodies in patients with autoimmune diseases have been published a long time ago, and it is now recognized that self-reactive IgE can mediate inflammatory response in bullous pemhigoid, systemic lupus erythematosus, chronic urticaria, and atopic dermatitis. The advances in understanding the pathomechanisms of these disorders brought to a successful use of anti-IgE strategies in their management. The present review discusses the current state of knowledge on the IgE-mediated autoimmunity and anti-IgE treatment, and pave the way for further exploration of the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Olewicz-Gawlik
- Department of Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland,Department of Infectious Diseases, Hepatology and Acquired Immunodeficiencies, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland,*Correspondence: Anna Olewicz-Gawlik,
| | - Arleta Kowala-Piaskowska
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hepatology and Acquired Immunodeficiencies, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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7
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Colas L, Magnan A, Brouard S. Immunoglobulin E response in health and disease beyond allergic disorders. Allergy 2022; 77:1700-1718. [PMID: 35073421 DOI: 10.1111/all.15230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin E is the latest discovered of immunoglobulin family and has been long associated with anaphylaxis and worm expulsion. Immunoglobulin E, along with mast cells, basophils, and eosinophils, is also a hallmark of type 2 immunity which is dysregulated in numerous diseases such as asthma, rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and eosinophilic esophagitis in addition to anaphylaxis as aforementioned. However, recent advances have shed light on IgE regulation and memory explaining the low level of free IgE, the scarcity of IgE plasma cells that are mainly short live and the absence of IgE memory B cells in homeostatic conditions. Furthermore, IgE was implicated in inflammatory conditions beyond allergic disorders where IgE-mediated facilitated antigen presentation can enhance cellular and humoral response against autoantigens in systemic lupus or chronic urticaria leading to more severe disease and even against neoantigen facilitating tumor cell lysis. At last, IgE was unexpectedly associated with allograft rejection or atheromatous cardiovascular diseases where precise mechanisms remain to be deciphered. The purpose of this review is to summarize these recent advances in IgE regulation, biology, and physiopathology beyond allergic diseases opening whole new fields of IgE biology to explore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Colas
- Plateforme Transversale d'Allergologie et d'immunologie Clinique PFTA Clinique dermatologique CHU de Nantes Nantes France
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology Nantes France
| | - Antoine Magnan
- Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Université de Versailles Saint‐Quentin Paris‐Saclay; INRAe Paris France
| | - Sophie Brouard
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology Nantes France
- Labex IGO Nantes France
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique en Biothérapie Centre de ressources biologiques (CRB) Nantes France
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8
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Ando T, Kitaura J. Tuning IgE: IgE-Associating Molecules and Their Effects on IgE-Dependent Mast Cell Reactions. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071697. [PMID: 34359869 PMCID: PMC8305778 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent emergence of anti-immunoglobulin E (IgE) drugs and their candidates for humans has endorsed the significance of IgE-dependent pathways in allergic disorders. IgE is distributed locally in the tissues or systemically to confer a sensory mechanism in a domain of adaptive immunity to the otherwise innate type of effector cells, namely, mast cells and basophils. Bound on the high-affinity IgE receptor FcεRI, IgE enables fast memory responses against revisiting threats of venoms, parasites, and bacteria. However, the dysregulation of IgE-dependent reactions leads to potentially life-threatening allergic diseases, such as asthma and anaphylaxis. Therefore, reactivity of the IgE sensor is fine-tuned by various IgE-associating molecules. In this review, we discuss the mechanistic basis for how IgE-dependent mast cell activation is regulated by the IgE-associating molecules, including the newly developed therapeutic candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Ando
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Correspondence: (T.A.); (J.K.); Tel.: +81-3-5802-1591 (T.A. & J.K.)
| | - Jiro Kitaura
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Department of Science of Allergy and Inflammation, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Correspondence: (T.A.); (J.K.); Tel.: +81-3-5802-1591 (T.A. & J.K.)
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9
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MacGlashan D. The relationship between released soluble FceRI-alpha and its cell surface density on human basophils. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245942. [PMID: 33481953 PMCID: PMC7822313 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The IgE-mediated activation of mast cells and basophils results in the secretion of many substances, including the release of FceRI-alpha subunit. This released alpha subunit can bind IgE and it may act as a down-regulator of subsequent IgE-dependent reactions. However, previous studies do not observe loss of the mass of FceRI-alpha associated with the cells, at least not for human basophils. This study was designed to understand the basis for the discordant observations. Methods Purified human basophils were stimulated with multiple activating secretagogues and supernatants were examined for histamine and released FceRI-alpha. In addition, cell surface IgE densities (occupied and unoccupied) were measured by flow cytometry and total cellular content of mature and immature FceRI-alpha determined with Western blots. Results Released FceRI-alpha, on average, represented 7% of the total surface FceRI before the reaction. The molecular weight of the soluble FceRI-alpha was approximately 54 kD, larger than immature subunit and somewhat smaller than surface subunit. In addition, 1) release ceased long before internalized FceRI-alpha was processed, 2) release was insensitive to Bafilomycin A, 3) release was independent of the starting density of FceRI and 4) release occurred more effectively with non-IgE-dependent stimuli, FMLP or C5a. Conclusions There appears to be relatively constant amount of nearly mature FceRI-alpha that is susceptible to secretion events induced by any form of stimulation. The amount, on average, represents about 7% of the mature form of FceRI-alpha.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald MacGlashan
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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10
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Qiu C, Zhong L, Huang C, Long J, Ye X, Wu J, Dai W, Lv W, Xie C, Zhang J. Cell-bound IgE and plasma IgE as a combined clinical diagnostic indicator for allergic patients. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4700. [PMID: 32170187 PMCID: PMC7069990 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61455-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic responses are mainly caused by IgE, which is often located on the cell surface. The current diagnostic method detects both allergen-specific IgE and total IgE levels, but a number of allergic patients have a normal serum IgE level, which is a poor clinical correlate for allergy. Here, we developed a simple method to detect the level of cell-bound IgE by dissociating it from blood cells with lactic acid. Dissociated cell-bound IgE and plasma IgE levels were detected using the same ELISA kit at the same time. We established two clinical cohorts: an allergic patient group and a healthy participant group. In general, cell-bound IgE correlated well with plasma IgE; however, some patients exhibited high cell-bound IgE levels but low plasma IgE levels. We recommended 350 ng/mL peripheral blood total IgE (cell-bound IgE + plasma IgE) as the cut-off value for allergy diagnosis. Using this indicator, 90.32% of our allergic patients were correctly diagnosed. The peripheral blood total IgE level is a promising clinical diagnostic indicator in allergic patients and will provide more guidance for allergy diagnosis and therapeutic evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanghua Qiu
- Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518035, China
| | - Lihong Zhong
- Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518035, China
| | - Chunxiu Huang
- Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518035, China
| | - Jia Long
- Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518035, China
| | - Xuejun Ye
- Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518035, China
- Shenzhen Immunotherapy Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518109, China
| | - Jingbo Wu
- Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518035, China
| | - Wenjie Dai
- Medical Research Center, Yuebei People's Hospital, Shaoguan, Guangdong, 512026, China
| | - Wei Lv
- Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518035, China
| | - Chongwei Xie
- Medical Research Center, Yuebei People's Hospital, Shaoguan, Guangdong, 512026, China.
| | - Junfang Zhang
- Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518035, China.
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11
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Chimeric antigen receptor -T cell therapy: Applications and challenges in treatment of allergy and asthma. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 123:109685. [PMID: 31862474 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the current advancements, cancer treatment approaches have limitations restricting their cure rate. Immunotherapy techniques are among novel and promising cancer therapeutic approaches. Therapeutic antibodies and adoptive cell therapy (ACT) are the main branches of immunotherapy. T lymphocytes and genetically engineered cells are among important cells which can be used in ACT. This review has focused on recent advances in engineered cell-based immunotherapy based on T lymphocytes with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs). CARs are recombinant receptors expressing T cell signaling domains with or without co-stimulatory molecules. CAR-T cells are expanded ex vivo and re-infused to patients in order to improve their therapeutic efficacy. Nowadays, the beneficial function of CAR-T cell therapy has been indicated in various diseases including hematological malignancies, solid tumors, autoimmune diseases, and allergic diseases such as asthma. Furthermore, antigen-specific T regulatory cells (Tregs) and gene-edited T cells seem to be beneficial in controlling inflammation in allergic asthma. In fact, dysregulated function of Tregs is responsible for dominance of T helper 2 immune response and progression of allergic asthma. CAR-Treg cells can also be designed and reproduced using iTreg population to manage asthma. In addition, universal CAR-T cells can be modified to selectively target multiple antigens. The fourth generation CAR-T cells (i.e. TRUCK cells) represent novel strategies to cure asthma and allergic diseases as well. Despite the advantages of CAR-T cells, their applications can be associated with some unwanted reactions such as cytokine storm, anaphylaxis, neurotoxicity, etc. For clinical application, there is a need to prevent and manage these complications by optimizing ACT protocols.
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12
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Moñino‐Romero S, Lexmond WS, Singer J, Bannert C, Amoah AS, Yazdanbakhsh M, Boakye DA, Jensen‐Jarolim E, Fiebiger E, Szépfalusi Z. Soluble FcɛRI: A biomarker for IgE-mediated diseases. Allergy 2019; 74:1381-1384. [PMID: 30725474 PMCID: PMC6766993 DOI: 10.1111/all.13734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sherezade Moñino‐Romero
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Medical University Vienna Vienna Austria
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Boston Children's Hospital Boston Massachusetts
| | - Willem S. Lexmond
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Boston Children's Hospital Boston Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts
| | - Josef Singer
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Boston Children's Hospital Boston Massachusetts
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
- The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Medical University Vienna and University Vienna Vienna Austria
- Department of Internal Medicine II University Hospital Krems Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences Krems an der Donau Austria
| | - Christina Bannert
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Medical University Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Abena S. Amoah
- Department of Parasitology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Maria Yazdanbakhsh
- Department of Parasitology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Daniel A. Boakye
- Department of Parasitology Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research College of Health Sciences University of Ghana Legon‐Accra Ghana
| | - Erika Jensen‐Jarolim
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
- The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Medical University Vienna and University Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Edda Fiebiger
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Boston Children's Hospital Boston Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts
| | - Zsolt Szépfalusi
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Medical University Vienna Vienna Austria
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13
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Abstract
Immunoglobulin E (IgE), though constitutively present at low levels, is most commonly studied in atopic disease where it plays a vital role in mast cell degranulation and in initiating a T helper 2 (Th2) response. With the advent of better detection assays, however, researchers are discovering the importance of IgE in actively contributing to many disease states and pathologies. This review will discuss the latest findings in IgE beyond its role in allergies and recently discovered roles for IgE in its cell-bound form on FcεRI-expressing effector cells like monocytes and dendritic cells. In terms of parasites, we will discuss helminth-induced IgE that appears to protect the worms from immune recognition and a tick-borne illness that elicits an IgE response against red meat. Next, we describe recent findings of how auto-reactive IgE can contribute to the progression of lupus and induce organ damage. Finally, we summarize the emerging roles of IgE in tumor surveillance and antibody-dependent cytotoxicity. We additionally discuss recent or ongoing clinical trials that either target harmful IgE or use the unique characteristics of the isotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea J Luker
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Joseph C Lownik
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.,Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Daniel H Conrad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Rebecca K Martin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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14
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Moñino-Romero S, Erkert L, Schmidthaler K, Diesner SC, Sallis BF, Pennington L, Jardetzky T, Oettgen HC, Bohle B, Fiebiger E, Szépfalusi Z. The soluble isoform of human FcɛRI is an endogenous inhibitor of IgE-mediated mast cell responses. Allergy 2019; 74:236-245. [PMID: 30030936 DOI: 10.1111/all.13567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The soluble isoform of FcɛRI, the high-affinity IgE receptor (sFcεRI), is a protein of the IgE network with poorly defined functions. OBJECTIVE To define cellular sources and signals that result in the production of human sFcεRI and study its in vivo functions. METHODS FcεRI-transfected human cell lines (MelJuso), human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs), and murine bone marrow-derived mast cells (MC) were stimulated by FcεRI cross-linking and release of sFcεRI was analyzed (ELISA, Western Blot). Lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 degranulation assays and human basophil activation tests (BATs) were used to study IgE-dependent activation. Recombinant sFcεRI (rsFcεRI) was used to assess its role in murine models of anaphylaxis with WT (wild-type) and IgE-/- (IgE-deficient) mice. RESULTS Antigen-specific cross-linking of IgE-loaded FcɛRI on MelJuso cells that express the trimeric or tetrameric receptor isoform induced the production of sFcεRI. Using MCs and moDCs, we confirmed that IgE/FcɛRI activation induces sFcɛRI release. We demonstrated that generation of sFcɛRI requires Src phosphorylation and endo/lysosomal acidification. In experimental mouse models, sFcɛRI diminishes the severity of IgE-mediated anaphylaxis. BATs confirmed that, comparable to the anti-IgE monoclonal antibody omalizumab, sFcɛRI is an inhibitor of the human innate IgE effector axis, implying that sFcɛRI and omalizumab potentially inhibit each other in vivo. CONCLUSION sFcɛRI is produced after antigen-specific IgE/FcɛRI-mediated activation signals and functions as an endogenous inhibitor of IgE loading to FcɛRI and IgE-mediated activation. Our results imply, therefore, that sFcɛRI contributes to a negative regulatory feedback loop that aims at preventing overshooting responses after IgE-mediated immune activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Moñino-Romero
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine; Medical University Vienna; Vienna Austria
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition; Department of Medicine; Boston Children's Hospital; Boston Massachusetts
| | - L. Erkert
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition; Department of Medicine; Boston Children's Hospital; Boston Massachusetts
| | - K. Schmidthaler
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine; Medical University Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - S. C. Diesner
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine; Medical University Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - B. F. Sallis
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition; Department of Medicine; Boston Children's Hospital; Boston Massachusetts
- Department of Pediatrics; Harvard Medical School; Boston Massachusetts
| | - L. Pennington
- Department of Structural Biology; School of Medicine; Stanford University; Stanford California
| | - T. Jardetzky
- Department of Structural Biology; School of Medicine; Stanford University; Stanford California
| | - H. C. Oettgen
- Department of Pediatrics; Harvard Medical School; Boston Massachusetts
- Division of Immunology; Department of Medicine; Boston Children's Hospital; Boston Massachusetts
| | - B. Bohle
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - E. Fiebiger
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition; Department of Medicine; Boston Children's Hospital; Boston Massachusetts
- Department of Pediatrics; Harvard Medical School; Boston Massachusetts
| | - Z. Szépfalusi
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine; Medical University Vienna; Vienna Austria
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15
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Balbino B, Conde E, Marichal T, Starkl P, Reber LL. Approaches to target IgE antibodies in allergic diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 191:50-64. [PMID: 29909239 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
IgE is the antibody isotype found at the lowest concentration in the circulation. However IgE can undeniably play an important role in mediating allergic reactions; best exemplified by the clinical benefits of anti-IgE monoclonal antibody (omalizumab) therapy for some allergic diseases. This review will describe our current understanding of the interactions between IgE and its main receptors FcεRI and CD23 (FcεRII). We will review the known and potential functions of IgE in health and disease: in particular, its detrimental roles in allergic diseases and chronic spontaneous urticaria, and its protective functions in host defense against parasites and venoms. Finally, we will present an overview of the drugs that are in clinical development or have therapeutic potential for IgE-mediated allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Balbino
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Immunology, Unit of Antibodies in Therapy and Pathology, Paris, France; INSERM, U1222, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Eva Conde
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Immunology, Unit of Antibodies in Therapy and Pathology, Paris, France; INSERM, U1222, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France; Neovacs SA, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Marichal
- GIGA-Research and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, 4000, Liege, Belgium; Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Wallonia, Belgium
| | - Philipp Starkl
- CeMM, Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Austria; Department of Medicine I, Research Laboratory of Infection Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Laurent L Reber
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Immunology, Unit of Antibodies in Therapy and Pathology, Paris, France; INSERM, U1222, Paris, France.
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16
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Maurer M, Altrichter S, Schmetzer O, Scheffel J, Church MK, Metz M. Immunoglobulin E-Mediated Autoimmunity. Front Immunol 2018; 9:689. [PMID: 29686678 PMCID: PMC5900004 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of autoimmunity mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE) autoantibodies, which may be termed autoallergy, is in its infancy. It is now recognized that systemic lupus erythematosus, bullous pemphigoid (BP), and chronic urticaria, both spontaneous and inducible, are most likely to be mediated, at least in part, by IgE autoantibodies. The situation in other conditions, such as autoimmune uveitis, rheumatoid arthritis, hyperthyroid Graves’ disease, autoimmune pancreatitis, and even asthma, is far less clear but evidence for autoallergy is accumulating. To be certain of an autoallergic mechanism, it is necessary to identify both IgE autoantibodies and their targets as has been done with the transmembrane protein BP180 and the intracellular protein BP230 in BP and IL-24 in chronic spontaneous urticaria. Also, IgE-targeted therapies, such as anti-IgE, must have been shown to be of benefit to patients as has been done with both of these conditions. This comprehensive review of the literature on IgE-mediated autoallergy focuses on three related questions. What do we know about the prevalence of IgE autoantibodies and their targets in different diseases? What do we know about the relevance of IgE autoantibodies in different diseases? What do we know about the cellular and molecular effects of IgE autoantibodies? In addition to providing answers to these questions, based on a broad review of the literature, we outline the current gaps of knowledge in our understanding of IgE autoantibodies and describe approaches to address them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Maurer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabine Altrichter
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Schmetzer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Scheffel
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin K Church
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Metz
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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17
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Bais S, Kumari R, Prashar Y, Gill NS. Review of various molecular targets on mast cells and its relation to obesity: A future perspective. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2017; 11 Suppl 2:S1001-S1007. [PMID: 28778429 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2017.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Mast cells are stimulatory factors in prognosis of various immunogenic and allergic diseases in human body. These cells play an important role in various immunological and metabolic diseases. The aim of present article is to explore the molecular targets to suppress the over expression of mast cells in obesity. The last 20 years literature were searched by various bibliographic data bases like Pubmed, google Scholar, Scopus and web of Science. The data were collected by keywords like "Mast Cell" "obesity" and "role of mast cell or role in obesity". Articles and their abstract were reviewed with a counting of 827 publications, in which 87 publications were considered for study and remaining was excluded because of its specificity to the subject. This review explains the characteristics, molecular targets and role of mast cells in obesity and existing research with mast cells to the area of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souravh Bais
- Department of Pharmacology, Rayat Institute of Pharmacy, Railmajra, SBS Nagar District, Punjab 144506, India.
| | - Reena Kumari
- Department of Pharmacology, Rayat Institute of Pharmacy, Railmajra, SBS Nagar District, Punjab 144506, India
| | - Yash Prashar
- Department of Pharmacology, Rayat Institute of Pharmacy, Railmajra, SBS Nagar District, Punjab 144506, India
| | - N S Gill
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Rayat Institute of Pharmacy, Railmajra, SBS Nagar District, Punjab 144506, India
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18
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Oettgen HC. Fifty years later: Emerging functions of IgE antibodies in host defense, immune regulation, and allergic diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 137:1631-1645. [PMID: 27263999 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Fifty years ago, after a long search, IgE emerged as the circulating factor responsible for triggering allergic reactions. Its extremely low concentration in plasma created significant hurdles for scientists working to reveal its identity. We now know that IgE levels are invariably increased in patients affected by atopic conditions and that IgE provides the critical link between the antigen recognition role of the adaptive immune system and the effector functions of mast cells and basophils at mucosal and cutaneous sites of environmental exposure. This review discusses the established mechanisms of action of IgE in pathologic immediate hypersensitivity, as well as its multifaceted roles in protective immunity, control of mast cell homeostasis, and its more recently revealed immunomodulatory functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans C Oettgen
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
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19
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Jensen‐Jarolim E, Bax HJ, Bianchini R, Capron M, Corrigan C, Castells M, Dombrowicz D, Daniels‐Wells TR, Fazekas J, Fiebiger E, Gatault S, Gould HJ, Janda J, Josephs DH, Karagiannis P, Levi‐Schaffer F, Meshcheryakova A, Mechtcheriakova D, Mekori Y, Mungenast F, Nigro EA, Penichet ML, Redegeld F, Saul L, Singer J, Spicer JF, Siccardi AG, Spillner E, Turner MC, Untersmayr E, Vangelista L, Karagiannis SN. AllergoOncology - the impact of allergy in oncology: EAACI position paper. Allergy 2017; 72:866-887. [PMID: 28032353 PMCID: PMC5498751 DOI: 10.1111/all.13119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Th2 immunity and allergic immune surveillance play critical roles in host responses to pathogens, parasites and allergens. Numerous studies have reported significant links between Th2 responses and cancer, including insights into the functions of IgE antibodies and associated effector cells in both antitumour immune surveillance and therapy. The interdisciplinary field of AllergoOncology was given Task Force status by the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology in 2014. Affiliated expert groups focus on the interface between allergic responses and cancer, applied to immune surveillance, immunomodulation and the functions of IgE-mediated immune responses against cancer, to derive novel insights into more effective treatments. Coincident with rapid expansion in clinical application of cancer immunotherapies, here we review the current state-of-the-art and future translational opportunities, as well as challenges in this relatively new field. Recent developments include improved understanding of Th2 antibodies, intratumoral innate allergy effector cells and mediators, IgE-mediated tumour antigen cross-presentation by dendritic cells, as well as immunotherapeutic strategies such as vaccines and recombinant antibodies, and finally, the management of allergy in daily clinical oncology. Shedding light on the crosstalk between allergic response and cancer is paving the way for new avenues of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Jensen‐Jarolim
- The Interuniversity Messerli Research InstituteUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Institute of Pathophysiology & Allergy ResearchCenter of Pathophysiology, Infectiology & ImmunologyMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | - H. J. Bax
- Division of Genetics & Molecular MedicineFaculty of Life Sciences and MedicineSt. John's Institute of DermatologyKing's College LondonLondonUK
- Division of Cancer StudiesFaculty of Life Sciences & MedicineKing's College LondonGuy's HospitalLondonUK
| | - R. Bianchini
- The Interuniversity Messerli Research InstituteUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - M. Capron
- LIRIC‐Unité Mixte de Recherche 995 INSERMUniversité de Lille 2CHRU de LilleLilleFrance
| | - C. Corrigan
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung BiologyMedical Research Council and Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms in AsthmaKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - M. Castells
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and AllergyDepartment of MedicineBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - D. Dombrowicz
- INSERMCHU LilleEuropean Genomic Institute of DiabetesInstitut Pasteur de LilleU1011 – récepteurs nucléaires, maladies cardiovasculaires et diabèteUniversité de LilleLilleFrance
| | - T. R. Daniels‐Wells
- Division of Surgical OncologyDepartment of SurgeryDavid Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCAUSA
| | - J. Fazekas
- The Interuniversity Messerli Research InstituteUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Institute of Pathophysiology & Allergy ResearchCenter of Pathophysiology, Infectiology & ImmunologyMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | - E. Fiebiger
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition ResearchDepartment of Medicine ResearchChildren's University Hospital BostonBostonMAUSA
| | - S. Gatault
- LIRIC‐Unité Mixte de Recherche 995 INSERMUniversité de Lille 2CHRU de LilleLilleFrance
| | - H. J. Gould
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung BiologyMedical Research Council and Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms in AsthmaKing's College LondonLondonUK
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular BiophysicsKing's College LondonLondonUK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas’ Hospitals and King's College LondonKing's College LondonGuy's HospitalLondonUK
| | - J. Janda
- Center PigmodInstitute of Animal Physiology and GeneticsAcademy of Sciences of Czech RepublicLibechovCzech Republic
| | - D. H. Josephs
- Division of Genetics & Molecular MedicineFaculty of Life Sciences and MedicineSt. John's Institute of DermatologyKing's College LondonLondonUK
- Division of Cancer StudiesFaculty of Life Sciences & MedicineKing's College LondonGuy's HospitalLondonUK
| | - P. Karagiannis
- Division of Genetics & Molecular MedicineFaculty of Life Sciences and MedicineSt. John's Institute of DermatologyKing's College LondonLondonUK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas’ Hospitals and King's College LondonKing's College LondonGuy's HospitalLondonUK
| | - F. Levi‐Schaffer
- Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics UnitFaculty of MedicineSchool of PharmacyThe Institute for Drug ResearchThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
| | - A. Meshcheryakova
- Institute of Pathophysiology & Allergy ResearchCenter of Pathophysiology, Infectiology & ImmunologyMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | - D. Mechtcheriakova
- Institute of Pathophysiology & Allergy ResearchCenter of Pathophysiology, Infectiology & ImmunologyMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Y. Mekori
- Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel‐Aviv UniversityTel‐AvivIsrael
| | - F. Mungenast
- Institute of Pathophysiology & Allergy ResearchCenter of Pathophysiology, Infectiology & ImmunologyMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | - E. A. Nigro
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - M. L. Penichet
- Division of Surgical OncologyDepartment of SurgeryDavid Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCAUSA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular GeneticsDavid Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCAUSA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - F. Redegeld
- Division of PharmacologyFaculty of ScienceUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical SciencesUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - L. Saul
- Division of Genetics & Molecular MedicineFaculty of Life Sciences and MedicineSt. John's Institute of DermatologyKing's College LondonLondonUK
- Division of Cancer StudiesFaculty of Life Sciences & MedicineKing's College LondonGuy's HospitalLondonUK
| | - J. Singer
- Institute of Pathophysiology & Allergy ResearchCenter of Pathophysiology, Infectiology & ImmunologyMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | - J. F. Spicer
- Division of Cancer StudiesFaculty of Life Sciences & MedicineKing's College LondonGuy's HospitalLondonUK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas’ Hospitals and King's College LondonKing's College LondonGuy's HospitalLondonUK
| | | | - E. Spillner
- Immunological EngineeringDepartment of EngineeringAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - M. C. Turner
- ISGlobalCentre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL)BarcelonaSpain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF)BarcelonaSpain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk AssessmentUniversity of OttawaOttawaONCanada
| | - E. Untersmayr
- Institute of Pathophysiology & Allergy ResearchCenter of Pathophysiology, Infectiology & ImmunologyMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | - L. Vangelista
- Department of Biomedical SciencesNazarbayev University School of MedicineAstanaKazakhstan
| | - S. N. Karagiannis
- Division of Genetics & Molecular MedicineFaculty of Life Sciences and MedicineSt. John's Institute of DermatologyKing's College LondonLondonUK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas’ Hospitals and King's College LondonKing's College LondonGuy's HospitalLondonUK
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Lin K, Xu W, Li W, Leng Y, Wu W, Peng X, Liang Y, Li L. Establishment of a novel quantum dots-encoded microbead-based flow cytometric method for quantification of soluble FcεRIα in serum. Cytometry A 2017; 91:686-693. [PMID: 28505391 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The soluble form of the transmembrane glycoprotein, FcεRIα which corresponds to the high-affinity receptor for IgE, is found in serum. Growing evidence suggests the pathogenic role of IgE and FcεRI in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The goal of this study is to develop a sensitive and standardized cytometric assay for quantification of sFcεRIα. A membrane emulsification technique was utilized to incorporate CuInS2 /ZnS quantum dots and Fe3 O4 nanoparticles into poly (styrene-co-maleic anhydride) microbeads. The beads were then carboxylated and coated with capture antibody monoclonal anti-human FcεRIα. This antibody binds to FcεRIα but does not block the binding of FcεRIα to IgE. After incubation with standards or serum samples, the microbeads were incubated with excessive native human IgE, followed by incubation with Phycoerythrin (PE) conjugated anti-human IgE. The resulting quantum dot microbeads were gated, and sFcεRIα quantification was analyzed based on PE fluorescence intensity. The method exhibited good linearity (R2 > 0.99), and the limit of detection was established at 0.29 ng/mL with the dynamic range of up to 200 ng/mL. The precision of the assay validated by intra- and inter-assay variability met the acceptance criteria with the mean recovery falling within 80-110% of the theoretical concentration and a corresponding CV < 20%. We tested 149 serum samples which 89 were from SLE patients and 60 were from healthy volunteers. For the first time, we detected an increased sFcεRIα level in the serum of SLE patients, which was confirmed by a commercial ELISA kit. Compared to ELISA, this novel method is more sensitive and efficient. It allows for the simple comparative analysis of sFcεRIα levels in health and disease. © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanwan Li
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuankui Leng
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijie Wu
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Peng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuting Liang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, People's Republic of China
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Gangwar RS, Landolina N, Arpinati L, Levi-Schaffer F. Mast cell and eosinophil surface receptors as targets for anti-allergic therapy. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 170:37-63. [PMID: 27773785 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roopesh Singh Gangwar
- Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics Unit, Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nadine Landolina
- Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics Unit, Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ludovica Arpinati
- Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics Unit, Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Francesca Levi-Schaffer
- Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics Unit, Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.
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Lexmond WS, Hu L, Pardo M, Heinz N, Rooney K, LaRosa J, Dehlink E, Fiebiger E, Nurko S. Accuracy of digital mRNA profiling of oesophageal biopsies as a novel diagnostic approach to eosinophilic oesophagitis. Clin Exp Allergy 2016; 45:1317-1327. [PMID: 25728460 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantification of tissue eosinophils remains the golden standard in diagnosing eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE), but this approach suffers from poor specificity. It has been recognized that histopathological changes that occur in patients with EoE are associated with a disease-specific tissue transcriptome. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that digital mRNA profiling targeted at a set of EoE-specific and Th2 inflammatory genes in oesophageal biopsies could help differentiate patients with EoE from those with reflux oesophagitis (RE) or normal tissue histology (NH). METHODS The mRNA expression levels of 79 target genes were defined in both proximal and distal biopsies of 196 patients with nCounter® (Nanostring) technology. According to clinicopathological diagnosis, these patients were grouped in a training set (35 EoE, 30 RE, 30 NH) for building of a three-class prediction model using the random forest method, and a blinded predictive set (n = 47) for model validation. RESULTS A diagnostic model built on ten differentially expressed genes was able to differentiate with 100% sensitivity and specificity between conditions in the training set. In a blinded predictive set, this model was able to correctly predict EoE in 14 of 18 patients in distal (sensitivity 78%, 95% CI 52-93%) and 16 of 18 patients in proximal biopsies (sensitivity 89%, 95% CI 64-98%), without false-positive diagnosis of EoE in RE or NH patients (specificity 100%, 95% CI 85-100%). Sensitivity was increased to 94% (95% CI 71-100%) when either the best predictive distal or proximal biopsy was used. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE We conclude that mRNA profiling of oesophageal tissue is an accurate diagnostic strategy in detecting EoE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willem S Lexmond
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Center for Motility and Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, and Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disease Center Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School; Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lan Hu
- Center for Cancer Computational Biology, Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael Pardo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Center for Motility and Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, and Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disease Center Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School; Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nicole Heinz
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Center for Motility and Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, and Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disease Center Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School; Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Katharine Rooney
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Center for Motility and Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, and Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disease Center Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School; Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jessica LaRosa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Center for Motility and Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, and Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disease Center Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School; Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eleonora Dehlink
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Center for Motility and Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, and Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disease Center Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School; Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Edda Fiebiger
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Center for Motility and Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, and Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disease Center Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School; Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Samuel Nurko
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Center for Motility and Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, and Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disease Center Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School; Boston, Massachusetts
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Amo G, García-Menaya J, Campo P, Cordobés C, Plaza Serón MC, Ayuso P, Esguevillas G, Blanca M, Agúndez JAG, García-Martín E. A Nonsynonymous FCER1B SNP is Associated with Risk of Developing Allergic Rhinitis and with IgE Levels. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19724. [PMID: 26792385 PMCID: PMC4726269 DOI: 10.1038/srep19724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis is associated with elevated serum IgE levels. IgE response is mediated by the high-affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI), which is polymorphic. Studies analyzing the association between allergic rhinitis and FcεRI variants have been conducted with controversial results. The objective of this study is to analyze, in 1,041 individuals, the putative clinical association of allergic rhinitis with common polymorphisms in FcεRI subunits genes. These SNPs included FECR1A rs2494262, rs2427837 and rs2251746; FECR1B rs1441586, rs569108 and rs512555; FCER1G rs11587213, rs2070901 and rs11421. Statistically significant differences were observed for the FCER1B rs569108 and rs512555 polymorphisms frequencies when comparing patients with allergic rhinitis without asthma and controls. The OR (95% CI) value for the 237Gly allele (rs569108) is equal to 0.26 (0.08–0.86, P = 0.017) and for the G allele (rs512555) it is equal to 0.27 (0.08–0.88, P = 0.020). These two SNPs are linked (D’ = 1.0, LOD = 56.05). Also observed was a statistically significant trend towards lower IgE values among allergic rhinitis patients with variant alleles for both SNPs. In conclusion, in patients with allergic rhinitis without asthma, the FCER1B rs569108 and rs512555 polymorphisms are associated with increased risk of developing allergic rhinitis and with lower IgE levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Amo
- Department of Pharmacology, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | | | - Paloma Campo
- Allergy Service, Hospital Carlos Haya, Málaga, Spain
| | | | - M Carmen Plaza Serón
- Department of Pharmacology, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain.,Allergy Service, Hospital Carlos Haya, Málaga, Spain
| | - Pedro Ayuso
- Research Laboratory, IBIMA-Málaga University General Hospital, Málaga, Spain
| | - Gara Esguevillas
- Department of Pharmacology, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Miguel Blanca
- Allergy Service, Hospital Carlos Haya, Málaga, Spain
| | - Jose A G Agúndez
- Department of Pharmacology, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
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24
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Is the analysis of histamine and/or interleukin-4 release after isocyanate challenge useful in the identification of patients with IgE-mediated isocyanate asthma? J Immunol Methods 2015; 422:35-50. [PMID: 25865264 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2015.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 02/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Isocyanates are a well-known and frequent cause of occupational asthma. The implementation of specific inhalation challenges (SICs) is the gold standard in asthma diagnosis supporting occupational case history, lung function testing, specific skin prick tests and the detection of specific IgE. However, the diagnosis is not always definitive. An interesting new approach, analyses of individual genetic susceptibilities, requires discrimination between a positive SIC reaction arising from IgE-mediated immune responses and one from other pathophysiological mechanisms. Hence, additional refinement tools would be helpful in defining sub-classes of occupational asthma and diagnosis. We used total IgE levels, specific IgE and SIC results for sub-classification of 27 symptomatic isocyanate workers studied. Some mutations in glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are suspected either to enhance or to decrease the individual risk in the development of isocyanate asthma. Our patient groups were assessed for the point mutations GSTP1*I105V and GSTP1*A114V as well as deletions (null mutations) of GSTM1 and GSTT1. There seems to be a higher risk in developing IgE-mediated reactions when GSTM1 is deleted, while GSTT1 deletions were found more frequently in the SIC positive group. Blood samples taken before SIC, 30-60 min and 24h after SIC, were analyzed for histamine and IL-4, classical markers for the IgE-mediated antigen-specific activation of basophils or mast cells. We suggest that the utility of histamine measurements might provide an additional useful marker reflecting isocyanate-induced cellular reactions (although the sampling times require optimization). The promising measurement of IL-4 is not feasible at present due to the lack of a reliable, validated assay.
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25
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Lexmond WS, Neves JF, Nurko S, Olszak T, Exley MA, Blumberg RS, Fiebiger E. Involvement of the iNKT cell pathway is associated with early-onset eosinophilic esophagitis and response to allergen avoidance therapy. Am J Gastroenterol 2014; 109:646-57. [PMID: 24513807 PMCID: PMC4132949 DOI: 10.1038/ajg.2014.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recent experimental evidence suggests that environmental microbial factors early in life determine susceptibility to allergic diseases through inappropriate chemotaxis and local activation of CD1d-restricted, invariant chain natural killer T (iNKT) cells. In this study, we analyzed the involvement of these pathways in pediatric patients with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) before and after dietary allergen elimination. METHODS mRNA expression levels of components of the C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 16 (CXCL16)-iNKT-CD1d axis were compared in esophageal biopsies from EoE patients vs. normal or inflammatory controls and before and after treatment. RESULTS CXCL16, iNKT cell-associated cell marker Vα24, and CD1d were significantly upregulated in esophageal biopsies from EoE patients and correlated with the expression of inflammatory mediators associated with allergy. Upregulation of each of these factors was significantly more pronounced in patients aged <6 years at diagnosis, and this early-onset EoE subpopulation was characterized by a more prominent food allergic disease phenotype in a cohort-wide analysis. Successful, but not unsuccessful, treatment of early-onset EoE patients with dietary elimination of instigating allergens led to reduction in infiltrating iNKT cells and complete normalization of mRNA expression levels of CXCL16 and CD1d. CONCLUSIONS Our observations place iNKT cells at the center of allergic inflammation associated with EoE, which could have profound implications for our understanding, treatment and prevention of this and other human allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willem S. Lexmond
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joana F. Neves
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Samuel Nurko
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Torsten Olszak
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mark A. Exley
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Richard S. Blumberg
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Edda Fiebiger
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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26
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Lexmond WS, Pardo M, Rooney K, Goettel JA, Snapper SB, Yen EH, Dehlink E, Nurko S, Fiebiger E. Elevated levels of leukotriene C4 synthase mRNA distinguish a subpopulation of eosinophilic oesophagitis patients. Clin Exp Allergy 2014; 43:902-13. [PMID: 23889244 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Revised: 03/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cysteinyl leukotrienes contribute to Th2-type inflammatory immune responses. Their levels in oesophageal tissue, however, do not distinguish patients with eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE) from controls. OBJECTIVE We asked whether mRNA levels of leukotriene C4 synthase (LTC4 S), a key regulator of leukotriene production, could serve as a marker for EoE. METHODS Digital mRNA expression profiling (nCounter(®) Technology) was performed on proximal and distal oesophageal biopsies of 30 paediatric EoE patients and 40 non-EoE controls. Expression data were confirmed with RT-qPCR. LTC4 S mRNA levels were quantified in whole blood samples. Leukotriene E4 was measured in urine. RESULTS LTC4 S mRNA levels were elevated in proximal (2.6-fold, P < 0.001) and distal (2.9-fold, P < 0.001) oesophageal biopsies from EoE patients. Importantly, increased LTC4 S mRNA transcripts identified a subpopulation of EoE patients (28%). This patient subgroup had higher serum IgE levels (669 U/mL vs. 106 U/mL, P = 0.01), higher mRNA transcript numbers of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) (1.6-fold, P = 0.009) and CD4 (1.4-fold, P = 0.04) but lower IL-23 mRNA levels (0.5-fold, P = 0.04). In contrast, elevated levels of IL-23 mRNA were found in oesophageal biopsies of patients with reflux oesophagitis. LTC4 S mRNA transcripts in whole blood and urinary excretion of leukotriene E4 were similar in EoE patient subgroups and non-EoE patients. CONCLUSION & CLINICAL RELEVANCE Elevated oesophageal expression of LTC4 S mRNA is found in a subgroup of EoE patients, concomitant with higher serum IgE levels and an oesophageal transcriptome indicative of a more-pronounced allergic phenotype. Together with TSLP and IL-23 mRNA levels, oesophageal LTC4 S mRNA may facilitate diagnosis of an EoE subpopulation for personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- W S Lexmond
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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27
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Potaczek DP, Kabesch M. Current concepts of IgE regulation and impact of genetic determinants. Clin Exp Allergy 2013; 42:852-71. [PMID: 22909159 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2011.03953.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated immune responses seem to be directed against parasites and neoplasms, but are best known for their involvement in allergies. The IgE network is tightly controlled at different levels as outlined in this review. Genetic determinants were suspected to influence IgE regulation and IgE levels considerably for many years. Linkage and candidate gene studies suggested a number of loci and genes to correlate with total serum IgE levels, and recently genome-wide association studies (GWAS) provided the power to identify genetic determinants for total serum IgE levels: 1q23 (FCER1A), 5q31 (RAD50, IL13, IL4), 12q13 (STAT6), 6p21.3 (HLA-DRB1) and 16p12 (IL4R, IL21R). In this review, we analyse the potential role of these GWAS hits in the IgE network and suggest mechanisms of how genes and genetic variants in these loci may influence IgE regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Potaczek
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergy and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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28
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Karagiannis SN, Josephs DH, Karagiannis P, Gilbert AE, Saul L, Rudman SM, Dodev T, Koers A, Blower PJ, Corrigan C, Beavil AJ, Spicer JF, Nestle FO, Gould HJ. Recombinant IgE antibodies for passive immunotherapy of solid tumours: from concept towards clinical application. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2012; 61:1547-64. [PMID: 22139135 PMCID: PMC11028906 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-011-1162-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Accepted: 11/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic antibodies have revolutionised treatment of some cancers and improved prognosis for many patients. Over half of those available are approved for haematological malignancies, but efficacious antibodies for solid tumours are still urgently needed. Clinically available antibodies belong to the IgG class, the most prevalent antibody class in human blood, while other classes have not been extensively considered. We hypothesised that the unique properties of IgE, a class of tissue-resident antibodies commonly associated with allergies, which can trigger powerful immune responses through strong affinity for their particular receptors on effector cells, could be employed for passive immunotherapy of solid tumours such as ovarian and breast carcinomas. Our laboratory has examined this concept by evaluating two chimaeric antibodies of the same specificity (MOv18) but different isotype, an IgG1 and an IgE against the tumour antigen folate receptor α (FRα). The latter demonstrates the potency of IgE to mount superior immune responses against tumours in disease-relevant models. We identified Fcε receptor-expressing cells, monocytes/macrophages and eosinophils, activated by MOv18 IgE to kill tumour cells by mechanisms such as ADCC and ADCP. We also applied this notion to a marketed therapeutic, the humanised IgG1 antibody trastuzumab and engineered an IgE counterpart, which retained the functions of trastuzumab in restricting proliferation of HER2/neu-expressing tumour cells but also activated effector cells to kill tumour cells by different mechanisms. On-going efficacy, safety evaluations and future first-in-man clinical studies of IgE therapeutics constitute key metrics for this concept, providing new scope for antibody immunotherapies for solid tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia N Karagiannis
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas's Hospitals and King's College London, London, UK.
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Rujeni N, Taylor DW, Mutapi F. Human schistosome infection and allergic sensitisation. J Parasitol Res 2012; 2012:154743. [PMID: 22970345 PMCID: PMC3434398 DOI: 10.1155/2012/154743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Accepted: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Several field studies have reported an inverse relationship between the prevalence of helminth infections and that of allergic sensitisation/atopy. Recent studies show that immune responses induced by helminth parasites are, to an extent, comparable to allergic sensitisation. However, helminth products induce regulatory responses capable of inhibiting not only antiparasite immune responses, but also allergic sensitisation. The relative effects of this immunomodulation on the development of protective schistosome-specific responses in humans has yet to be demonstrated at population level, and the clinical significance of immunomodulation of allergic disease is still controversial. Nonetheless, similarities in immune responses against helminths and allergens pose interesting mechanistic and evolutionary questions. This paper examines the epidemiology, biology and immunology of allergic sensitisation/atopy, and schistosome infection in human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Rujeni
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, Centre for Immunity, Infection, and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, King's Buildings, West Mains Rd, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK
| | - David W. Taylor
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, Centre for Immunity, Infection, and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, King's Buildings, West Mains Rd, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK
| | - Francisca Mutapi
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, Centre for Immunity, Infection, and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, King's Buildings, West Mains Rd, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK
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30
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Borthakur S, Hibbert RG, Pang MOY, Yahya N, Bax HJ, Kao MW, Cooper AM, Beavil AJ, Sutton BJ, Gould HJ, McDonnell JM. Mapping of the CD23 binding site on immunoglobulin E (IgE) and allosteric control of the IgE-Fc epsilonRI interaction. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:31457-61. [PMID: 22815482 PMCID: PMC3438978 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.c112.397059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
IgE, the antibody that mediates allergic responses, acts as part of a self-regulating protein network. Its unique effector functions are controlled through interactions of its Fc region with two cellular receptors, FcεRI on mast cells and basophils and CD23 on B cells. IgE cross-linked by allergen triggers mast cell activation via FcεRI, whereas IgE-CD23 interactions control IgE expression levels. We have determined the CD23 binding site on IgE, using a combination of NMR chemical shift mapping and site-directed mutagenesis. We show that the CD23 and FcεRI interaction sites are at opposite ends of the Cε3 domain of IgE, but that receptor binding is mutually inhibitory, mediated by an allosteric mechanism. This prevents CD23-mediated cross-linking of IgE bound to FcεRI on mast cells and resulting antigen-independent anaphylaxis. The mutually inhibitory nature of receptor binding provides a degree of autonomy for the individual activities mediated by IgE-FcεRI and IgE-CD23 interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susmita Borthakur
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
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Platzer B, Ruiter F, van der Mee J, Fiebiger E. Soluble IgE receptors--elements of the IgE network. Immunol Lett 2011; 141:36-44. [PMID: 21920387 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2011.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2011] [Revised: 08/15/2011] [Accepted: 08/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Soluble isoforms of three human IgE Fc receptors, namely FcεRI, FcεRII, and galectin-3, can be found in serum. These soluble IgE receptors are a diverse family of proteins unified by the characteristic of interacting with IgE in the extracellular matrix. A truncated form of the alpha-chain of FcεRI, the high affinity IgE receptor, has recently been described as a soluble isoform (sFcεRI). Multiple soluble isoforms of CD23 (sCD23), the low affinity IgE receptor also known as FcεRII, are generated via different mechanisms of extracellular and intracellular proteolysis. The second low affinity IgE receptor, galectin-3, only exists as a secretory protein. We here discuss the physiological roles of these three soluble IgE receptors as elements of the human IgE network. Additionally, we review the potential and current use of sFcεRI, sCD23, and galectin-3 as biomarkers in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Platzer
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States
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32
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Lexmond W, der Mee JV, Ruiter F, Platzer B, Stary G, Yen EH, Dehlink E, Nurko S, Fiebiger E. Development and validation of a standardized ELISA for the detection of soluble Fc-epsilon-RI in human serum. J Immunol Methods 2011; 373:192-9. [PMID: 21903095 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2011.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2011] [Revised: 08/22/2011] [Accepted: 08/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a standardized enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of human soluble Fc-epsilon-RI (sFcεRI), a serum isoform of the high affinity IgE receptor. A recombinant version of sFcεRI was produced in baculovirus and used as standard. ELISA plates were coated with anti-mouse IgG followed by incubation with the monoclonal capture antibody CRA1. This FcεRI-alpha-specific antibody binds to the stalk region of the protein and does not inhibit IgE-binding. After incubation with standards or serum samples, plates were incubated with chimeric IgE followed by detection with horseradish peroxidase conjugated anti-human IgE. Enzymatic activity was visualized with (3,3',5,5')-tetramethylbenzidine. Specificity was demonstrated by omission of capture or detection reagents. Units (U) of detection were established and the dynamic range of the assay was defined as 10-640 U/ml for a 1/5 serum dilution. Parameters of linearity (R(2)>0.999), matrix interference test (recovery of 70-110%), intra-assay variability (coefficient of variation (CV) <20%) and inter-assay variability (CV <20%) met acceptance criteria for immunoassay validation. Correlation analysis of serum units of sFcεRI measured with the new ELISA and serum IgE levels confirmed earlier published data describing a weak correlation of the two parameters in patients with elevated serum IgE while no correlation in patients with normal serum IgE or the total patient group was found. In summary, we established and validated a standardized ELISA for the detection of sFcεRI. This novel method now allows for comparative analysis of sFcεRI levels in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willem Lexmond
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, USA
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