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The regulatory role of AP-2β in monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems: insights on its signalling pathway, linked disorders and theragnostic potential. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:151. [PMID: 36076256 PMCID: PMC9461128 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00891-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractMonoaminergic neurotransmitter systems play a central role in neuronal function and behaviour. Dysregulation of these systems gives rise to neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders with high prevalence and societal burden, collectively termed monoamine neurotransmitter disorders (MNDs). Despite extensive research, the transcriptional regulation of monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems is not fully explored. Interestingly, certain drugs that act on these systems have been shown to modulate central levels of the transcription factor AP-2 beta (AP-2β, gene: TFAP2Β). AP-2β regulates multiple key genes within these systems and thereby its levels correlate with monoamine neurotransmitters measures; yet, its signalling pathways are not well understood. Moreover, although dysregulation of TFAP2Β has been associated with MNDs, the underlying mechanisms for these associations remain elusive. In this context, this review addresses AP-2β, considering its basic structural aspects, regulation and signalling pathways in the controlling of monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems, and possible mechanisms underpinning associated MNDS. It also underscores the significance of AP-2β as a potential diagnostic biomarker and its potential and limitations as a therapeutic target for specific MNDs as well as possible pharmaceutical interventions for targeting it. In essence, this review emphasizes the role of AP-2β as a key regulator of the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems and its importance for understanding the pathogenesis and improving the management of MNDs.
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Variability in the antioxidant MSRA gene affects the psychopathology of patients with anorexia nervosa. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2021; 33:307-316. [PMID: 34396949 DOI: 10.1017/neu.2021.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The objective is to determine whether variability in the MSRA gene, related to obesity and several psychiatric conditions, may be relevant for psychopathological symptoms common in Anorexia Nervosa (AN) and/or for the susceptibility to the disorder. A total of 629 women (233 AN patients and 396 controls) were genotyped for 14 tag-SNPs. Psychometric evaluation was performed with the EDI-2 and SCL-90R questionnaires. Genetic associations were carried out by logistic regression controlling for age and adjusting for multiple comparisons (FDR method). Two tag-SNPs, rs11249969 and rs81442 (with a pairwise r2 value of 0.41), were associated with the global EDI-2 score, which measures EDI-related psychopathology (adjusted FDR-q = 0.02 and 0.04, respectively). Moreover, rs81442 significantly modulated all the scales of the SCL-90R test that evaluates general psychopathology (FDR-q values ranged from 4.1E-04 to 0.011). A sliding-window analysis using adjacent 3-SNP haplotypes revealed a proximal region of the MSRA gene spanning 187.8 Kbp whose variability deeply affected psychopathological symptoms of the AN patients. Depression was the symptom that showed the strongest association with any of the constructed haplotypes (FDR-q = 3.60E-06). No variants were found to be linked to AN risk or anthropometric parameters in patients or controls. Variability in the MSRA gene locus modulates psychopathology often presented by AN patients.
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Jung JK, Yoon GE, Jang G, Park KM, Kim I, Kim JI. Inhibition of HDACs (Histone Deacetylases) Ameliorates High-Fat Diet-Induced Hypertension Through Restoration of the MsrA (Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase A)/Hydrogen Sulfide Axis. Hypertension 2021; 78:1103-1115. [PMID: 34397279 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.17149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Ki Jung
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Research Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea (J.K.J., G.-E.Y., J.I.K.)
| | - Ga-Eun Yoon
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Research Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea (J.K.J., G.-E.Y., J.I.K.)
| | - GiBong Jang
- Department of Anatomy and BK21 Plus (G.J., K.M.P.), School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon Moo Park
- Department of Anatomy and BK21 Plus (G.J., K.M.P.), School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - InKyeom Kim
- Department of Pharmacology (I.K.), School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee In Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Research Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea (J.K.J., G.-E.Y., J.I.K.)
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SAINI SIMMI, WALIA GAGANDEEPKAUR, SACHDEVA MOHINDERPAL, GUPTA VIPIN. Genomics of body fat distribution. J Genet 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12041-021-01281-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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5
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Causal associations of waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio with type II diabetes mellitus: new evidence from Mendelian randomization. Mol Genet Genomics 2021; 296:605-613. [PMID: 33629185 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-020-01752-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease with high incidence, which has seriously affected human life and health. The associations among waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and T2DM were discovered in observational studies. However, the causality of these associations still remains unknown. The present study aims to apply two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) using genetic variants as instrumental variables (IVs) to evaluate the causality among WC, WHR, and T2DM. The participants were from three independent studies in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) datasets, which included 127,997 Europeans for WC, 73,137 Europeans for WHR and 659,316 Europeans for T2DM. Furthermore, 16 were associated WC SNPs and eight were associated WHR SNPs as instrument variables were selected for TSMR using P < 5 × 10-8 standard. The pooled odd ratios (ORs) for the assessment of higher WC and WHR on the risk of T2DM for these SNPs were calculated using inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, and validated through extensively complementary analyses. The OR for T2DM per SD (cm) higher WC was 2.623 (95% CI 2.286-3.010, P = 5.000E-43), and the OR for T2DM per SD (cm) higher WHR was 1.751 (95% CI 1.122-2.733, P = 0.014). Consistent results for other methods were obtained. Furthermore, the range of OR fluctuation between WC and T2DM was from 2.623 to 2.986, while that between WHR and T2DM was from 0.990 to 2.931. Overall, these present results provide genetic support that suggests that the use of TSMR, and higher WC and WHR increased the T2DM risk among the European population.
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Reiterer M, Schmidt-Kastner R, Milton SL. Methionine sulfoxide reductase (Msr) dysfunction in human brain disease. Free Radic Res 2019; 53:1144-1154. [PMID: 31775527 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2019.1662899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Extensive research has shown that oxidative stress is strongly associated with aging, senescence and several diseases, including neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. Oxidative stress is caused by the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can be counteracted by both enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants. One of these antioxidant mechanisms is the widely studied methionine sulfoxide reductase system (Msr). Methionine is one of the most easily oxidized amino acids and Msr can reverse this oxidation and restore protein function, with MsrA and MsrB reducing different stereoisomers. This article focuses on experimental and genetic research performed on Msr and its link to brain diseases. Studies on several model systems as well as genome-wide association studies are compiled to highlight the role of MSRA in schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. Genetic variation of MSRA may also contribute to the risk of psychosis, personality traits, and metabolic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Reiterer
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | | | - Sarah L Milton
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
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Ma Z, Wang Y, Xu C, Ai F, Huang L, Wang J, Peng J, Zhou Y, Yin M, Zhang S, Yang X. Obesity-Related Genetic Variants and Hyperuricemia Risk in Chinese Men. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:230. [PMID: 31031707 PMCID: PMC6474097 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Obesity/metabolic syndrome and hyperuricemia are clinically associated; however, the association of obesity/metabolic syndrome-related genetic variants with hyperuricemia is not clear. Therefore, we assessed this association in Chinese men diagnosed with hyperuricemia in comparison to a non-hyperuricemia group. Methods: We genotyped 47 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously identified to be associated with obesity or metabolic syndrome in 474 adult males (aged ≥ 18 years) using multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Multivariate logistic regression was used to investigate the association between the genetic variations and hyperuricemia. Stratified analyses were applied to further assess the associations. Results: The obesity-related SNP in MSRA rs545854 significantly affected serum uric acid levels. In addition, the G-allele of rs545854 was positively associated with the risk of hyperuricemia [odds ratio (OR) = 2.80, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.19-6.64, P = 0.0188]. After adjusting the model for body mass index and central obesity, rs545854 was shown to be an independent factor increasing the risk of hyperuricemia (OR = 2.81, 95%CI = 1.18-6.70, P = 0.0196). Stratified analyses also showed a significant association between rs545854 and hyperuricemia among meat eaters (OR = 2.62, 95%CI = 1.09-6.26, P = 0.0308). Conclusion: The obesity-related SNP rs545854 was correlated with the serum uric acid level and risk of hyperuricemia in a male Chinese population. Therefore, men carrying this SNP could benefit from limiting their meat consumption to prevent hyperuricemia. These findings suggest an underlying genetic link between obesity and hyperuricemia worthy of further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Ma
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunfeng Wang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chaonan Xu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Feiling Ai
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Huang
- Fu Xing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jieping Wang
- Fu Xing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ji Peng
- Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanming Zhou
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Meihua Yin
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xinghua Yang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xinghua Yang
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Graham PS, Kaidonis G, Abhary S, Gillies MC, Daniell M, Essex RW, Chang JH, Lake SR, Pal B, Jenkins AJ, Hewitt AW, Lamoureux EL, Hykin PG, Petrovsky N, Brown MA, Craig JE, Burdon KP. Genome-wide association studies for diabetic macular edema and proliferative diabetic retinopathy. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2018; 19:71. [PMID: 29739359 PMCID: PMC5941644 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-018-0587-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Diabetic macular edema (DME) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) are sight-threatening complications of diabetes mellitus and leading causes of adult-onset blindness worldwide. Genetic risk factors for diabetic retinopathy (DR) have been described previously, but have been difficult to replicate between studies, which have often used composite phenotypes and been conducted in different populations. This study aims to identify genetic risk factors for DME and PDR as separate complications in Australians of European descent with type 2 diabetes. Methods Caucasian Australians with type 2 diabetes were evaluated in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to compare 270 DME cases and 176 PDR cases with 435 non-retinopathy controls. All participants were genotyped by SNP array and after data cleaning, cases were compared to controls using logistic regression adjusting for relevant covariates. Results The top ranked SNP for DME was rs1990145 (p = 4.10 × 10− 6, OR = 2.02 95%CI [1.50, 2.72]) on chromosome 2. The top-ranked SNP for PDR was rs918519 (p = 3.87 × 10− 6, OR = 0.35 95%CI [0.22, 0.54]) on chromosome 5. A trend towards association was also detected at two SNPs reported in the only other reported GWAS of DR in Caucasians; rs12267418 near MALRD1 (p = 0.008) in the DME cohort and rs16999051 in the diabetes gene PCSK2 (p = 0.007) in the PDR cohort. Conclusion This study has identified loci of interest for DME and PDR, two common ocular complications of diabetes. These findings require replication in other Caucasian cohorts with type 2 diabetes and larger cohorts will be required to identify genetic loci with statistical confidence. There is considerable overlap in the patient cohorts with each retinopathy subtype, complicating the search for genes that contribute to PDR and DME biology. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12881-018-0587-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia S Graham
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Georgia Kaidonis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sotoodeh Abhary
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Mark C Gillies
- Save Sight Institute, Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mark Daniell
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rohan W Essex
- Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - John H Chang
- School of Medical Sciences, University of NSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Medical Retina Service, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK
| | - Stewart R Lake
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Bishwanath Pal
- Medical Retina Service, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK
| | - Alicia J Jenkins
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,St Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alex W Hewitt
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.,Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ecosse L Lamoureux
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Philip G Hykin
- Medical Retina Service, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK
| | - Nikolai Petrovsky
- Department of Endocrinology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Matthew A Brown
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jamie E Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Kathryn P Burdon
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. .,Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
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Watson RA, Gates AS, Wynn EH, Calvert FE, Girousse A, Lelliott CJ, Barroso I. Lyplal1 is dispensable for normal fat deposition in mice. Dis Model Mech 2017; 10:1481-1488. [PMID: 29084768 PMCID: PMC5769613 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.031864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have detected association between variants in or near the Lysophospholipase-like 1 (LYPLAL1) locus and metabolic traits, including central obesity, fatty liver and waist-to-hip ratio. LYPLAL1 is also known to be upregulated in the adipose tissue of obese patients. However, the physiological role of LYPLAL1 is not understood. To investigate the function of Lyplal1 in vivo we investigated the phenotype of the Lyplal1tm1a(KOMP)Wtsi homozygous mouse. Body composition was unaltered in Lyplal1 knockout mice as assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scanning, both on normal chow and on a high-fat diet. Adipose tissue distribution between visceral and subcutaneous fat depots was unaltered, with no change in adipocyte cell size. The response to both insulin and glucose dosing was normal in Lyplal1tm1a(KOMP)Wtsi homozygous mice, with normal fasting blood glucose concentrations. RNAseq analysis of liver, muscle and adipose tissue confirmed that Lyplal1 expression was ablated with minimal additional changes in gene expression. These results suggest that Lyplal1 is dispensable for normal mouse metabolic physiology and that despite having been maintained through evolution Lyplal1 is not an essential gene, suggesting possible functional redundancy. Further studies will be required to clarify its physiological role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Watson
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Amy S Gates
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.,Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Medical Genetics, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Elizabeth H Wynn
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Fiona E Calvert
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Amandine Girousse
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.,Université de Toulouse, Inserm U1031, CHU Rangueil, Batiment L1, BP 84225, 31 432 Toulouse, France
| | - Christopher J Lelliott
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Inês Barroso
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK .,Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
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Lv D, Zhou D, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Zhu YM. Two obesity susceptibility loci in LYPLAL1 and ETV5 independently associated with childhood hypertension in Chinese population. Gene 2017. [PMID: 28645872 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Genome-wide association studies have identified novel obesity-associated susceptibility loci. Associations of these variants with childhood obesity have been studied in our previous research. The purpose of this study is to investigate if these loci are associated with hypertension being independent of obesity in Chinese children and adolescents. METHODS Nineteen candidate SNPs were genotyped using Sequenom MassARRAY platform among Chinese children (N=2954, 514 hypertension and 2440 controls, aged 7-17years). Dietary behaviors were assessed through face to face investigations. RESULTS Of the nineteen obese related SNPs, ten SNPs were found to be associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP) or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in Chinese children. After adjusting for age, sex and WHtR, rs2605100 in LYPLAL1was found to be associated with high blood pressure (HBP) under dominant model (P=0.024) with the OR of 1.274 (95% CI =1.033-1.572, effect genotype=GG). The distribution of genotype of rs7647305 in ETV5 showed significant difference between HBP and non-HBP subjects under dominant model (P=0.011) with the OR of 0.654 (95% CI=0.471-0.909, effect genotype=CC). Using rs2605100 and rs7647305, the genetic risk score (GRS) analysis showed that, after adjusted for age, sex and WHtR, subjects carrying one or two risk alleles had the risks of hypertension with the ORs 1.797 (95% CI, 1.168-2.765), 2.149 (95% CI, 1.375-3.357) comparing with the subjects with non-risk-allele. CONCLUSIONS Genetic variations of obesity-associated loci, LYPLAL1 rs2605100 and ETV5 rs7647305 independently associate with the risk of childhood hypertension in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Lv
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou 310058, China; Research Center of Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Dan Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou 310058, China; Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yi-Min Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Srivastava A, Mittal B, Prakash J, Srivastava P, Srivastava N, Srivastava N. A multianalytical approach to evaluate the association of 55 SNPs in 28 genes with obesity risk in North Indian adults. Am J Hum Biol 2016; 29. [PMID: 27650258 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.22923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to investigate the association of 55 SNPs in 28 genes with obesity risk in a North Indian population using a multianalytical approach. METHODS Overall, 480 subjects from the North Indian population were studied using strict inclusion/exclusion criteria. SNP Genotyping was carried out by Sequenom Mass ARRAY platform (Sequenom, San Diego, CA) and validated Taqman® allelic discrimination (Applied Biosystems® ). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software version 19.0, SNPStats, GMDR software (version 6) and GENEMANIA. RESULTS Logistic regression analysis of 55 SNPs revealed significant associations (P < .05) of 49 SNPs with BMI linked obesity risk whereas the remaining 6 SNPs revealed no association (P > .05). The pathway-wise G-score revealed the significant role (P = .0001) of food intake-energy expenditure pathway genes. In CART analysis, the combined genotypes of FTO rs9939609 and TCF7L2 rs7903146 revealed the highest risk for BMI linked obesity. The analysis of the FTO-IRX3 locus revealed high LD and high order gene-gene interactions for BMI linked obesity. The interaction network of all of the associated genes in the present study generated by GENEMANIA revealed direct and indirect connections. In addition, the analysis with centralized obesity revealed that none of the SNPs except for FTO rs17818902 were significantly associated (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS In this multi-analytical approach, FTO rs9939609 and IRX3 rs3751723, along with TCF7L2 rs7903146 and TMEM18 rs6548238, emerged as the major SNPs contributing to BMI linked obesity risk in the North Indian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apurva Srivastava
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rae Bareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226014, India
| | - Balraj Mittal
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rae Bareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226014, India
| | - Jai Prakash
- Department of Physiology, King George's Medical University, Chowk, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226003, India
| | - Pranjal Srivastava
- Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital Near Karpuri Chowk Benta Laheriasarai Darbhanga, Bihar, 846003, India
| | - Nimisha Srivastava
- Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences (SMIMS), National Highway 31A, Upper Tadong, Gangtok, 737102, Sikkim
| | - Neena Srivastava
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rae Bareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226014, India
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12
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Ahn K, Boehm M, Brown MF, Calloway J, Che Y, Chen J, Fennell KF, Geoghegan KF, Gilbert AM, Gutierrez JA, Kalgutkar AS, Lanba A, Limberakis C, Magee TV, O’Doherty I, Oliver R, Pabst B, Pandit J, Parris K, Pfefferkorn JA, Rolph TP, Patel R, Schuff B, Shanmugasundaram V, Starr JT, Varghese AH, Vera NB, Vernochet C, Yan J. Discovery of a Selective Covalent Inhibitor of Lysophospholipase-like 1 (LYPLAL1) as a Tool to Evaluate the Role of this Serine Hydrolase in Metabolism. ACS Chem Biol 2016; 11:2529-40. [PMID: 27391855 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.6b00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Lysophospholipase-like 1 (LYPLAL1) is an uncharacterized metabolic serine hydrolase. Human genome-wide association studies link variants of the gene encoding this enzyme to fat distribution, waist-to-hip ratio, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. We describe the discovery of potent and selective covalent small-molecule inhibitors of LYPLAL1 and their use to investigate its role in hepatic metabolism. In hepatocytes, selective inhibition of LYPLAL1 increased glucose production supporting the inference that LYPLAL1 is a significant actor in hepatic metabolism. The results provide an example of how a selective chemical tool can contribute to evaluating a hypothetical target for therapeutic intervention, even in the absence of complete biochemical characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kay Ahn
- Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Endocrine Diseases (CVMED) Research
Unit, Pfizer Inc., 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry and §Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Markus Boehm
- Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Endocrine Diseases (CVMED) Research
Unit, Pfizer Inc., 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry and §Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Matthew F. Brown
- Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Endocrine Diseases (CVMED) Research
Unit, Pfizer Inc., 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry and §Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Jessica Calloway
- Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Endocrine Diseases (CVMED) Research
Unit, Pfizer Inc., 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry and §Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Ye Che
- Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Endocrine Diseases (CVMED) Research
Unit, Pfizer Inc., 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry and §Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Jinshan Chen
- Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Endocrine Diseases (CVMED) Research
Unit, Pfizer Inc., 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry and §Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Kimberly F. Fennell
- Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Endocrine Diseases (CVMED) Research
Unit, Pfizer Inc., 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry and §Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Kieran F. Geoghegan
- Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Endocrine Diseases (CVMED) Research
Unit, Pfizer Inc., 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry and §Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Adam M. Gilbert
- Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Endocrine Diseases (CVMED) Research
Unit, Pfizer Inc., 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry and §Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Jemy A. Gutierrez
- Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Endocrine Diseases (CVMED) Research
Unit, Pfizer Inc., 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry and §Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Amit S. Kalgutkar
- Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Endocrine Diseases (CVMED) Research
Unit, Pfizer Inc., 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry and §Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Adhiraj Lanba
- Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Endocrine Diseases (CVMED) Research
Unit, Pfizer Inc., 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry and §Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Chris Limberakis
- Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Endocrine Diseases (CVMED) Research
Unit, Pfizer Inc., 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry and §Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Thomas V. Magee
- Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Endocrine Diseases (CVMED) Research
Unit, Pfizer Inc., 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry and §Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Inish O’Doherty
- Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Endocrine Diseases (CVMED) Research
Unit, Pfizer Inc., 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry and §Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Robert Oliver
- Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Endocrine Diseases (CVMED) Research
Unit, Pfizer Inc., 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry and §Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Brandon Pabst
- Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Endocrine Diseases (CVMED) Research
Unit, Pfizer Inc., 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry and §Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Jayvardhan Pandit
- Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Endocrine Diseases (CVMED) Research
Unit, Pfizer Inc., 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry and §Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Kevin Parris
- Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Endocrine Diseases (CVMED) Research
Unit, Pfizer Inc., 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry and §Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Jeffrey A. Pfefferkorn
- Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Endocrine Diseases (CVMED) Research
Unit, Pfizer Inc., 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry and §Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Timothy P. Rolph
- Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Endocrine Diseases (CVMED) Research
Unit, Pfizer Inc., 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry and §Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Rushi Patel
- Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Endocrine Diseases (CVMED) Research
Unit, Pfizer Inc., 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry and §Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Brandon Schuff
- Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Endocrine Diseases (CVMED) Research
Unit, Pfizer Inc., 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry and §Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Veerabahu Shanmugasundaram
- Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Endocrine Diseases (CVMED) Research
Unit, Pfizer Inc., 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry and §Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Jeremy T. Starr
- Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Endocrine Diseases (CVMED) Research
Unit, Pfizer Inc., 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry and §Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Alison H. Varghese
- Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Endocrine Diseases (CVMED) Research
Unit, Pfizer Inc., 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry and §Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Nicholas B. Vera
- Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Endocrine Diseases (CVMED) Research
Unit, Pfizer Inc., 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry and §Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Cecile Vernochet
- Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Endocrine Diseases (CVMED) Research
Unit, Pfizer Inc., 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry and §Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Jiangli Yan
- Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Endocrine Diseases (CVMED) Research
Unit, Pfizer Inc., 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry and §Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
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13
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Hunnicut J, Liu Y, Richardson A, Salmon AB. MsrA Overexpression Targeted to the Mitochondria, but Not Cytosol, Preserves Insulin Sensitivity in Diet-Induced Obese Mice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139844. [PMID: 26448611 PMCID: PMC4598006 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence that oxidative stress plays an integral role in the processes by which obesity causes type 2 diabetes. We previously identified that mice lacking the protein oxidation repair enzyme methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MsrA) are particularly prone to obesity-induced insulin resistance suggesting an unrecognized role for this protein in metabolic regulation. The goals of this study were to test whether increasing the expression of MsrA in mice can protect against obesity-induced metabolic dysfunction and to elucidate the potential underlying mechanisms. Mice with increased levels of MsrA in the mitochondria (TgMito MsrA) or in the cytosol (TgCyto MsrA) were fed a high fat/high sugar diet and parameters of glucose homeostasis were monitored. Mitochondrial content, markers of mitochondrial proteostasis and mitochondrial energy utilization were assessed. TgMito MsrA, but not TgCyto MsrA, mice remain insulin sensitive after high fat feeding, though these mice are not protected from obesity. This metabolically healthy obese phenotype of TgMito MsrA mice is not associated with changes in mitochondrial number or biogenesis or with a reduction of proteostatic stress in the mitochondria. However, our data suggest that increased mitochondrial MsrA can alter metabolic homeostasis under diet-induced obesity by activating AMPK signaling, thereby defining a potential mechanism by which this genetic alteration can prevent insulin resistance without affecting obesity. Our data suggest that identification of targets that maintain and regulate the integrity of the mitochondrial proteome, particular against oxidative damage, may play essential roles in the protection against metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- JennaLynn Hunnicut
- The Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Yuhong Liu
- The Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Arlan Richardson
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center and Oklahoma City VA Medical Center, Oklahoma, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Adam B. Salmon
- The Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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14
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Lei X, Callaway M, Zhou H, Yang Y, Chen W. Obesity associated Lyplal1 gene is regulated in diet induced obesity but not required for adipocyte differentiation. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 411:207-13. [PMID: 25958046 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and its associated morbidities represent one of the major and most rapidly expanding health epidemics in the world. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several variants in LYPLAL1 gene that are significantly associated with central obesity preferentially in females. However, the exact function of this gene in adipose tissue development and obesity remains completely uncharacterized. We found murine Lyplal1 gene demonstrated a depot and sex-specific expression profile in white adipose tissues (WAT), and was significantly reduced in the epididymal and retroperitoneal fats in a murine model of high fat diet induced obesity (DIO). Lyplal1 mRNA was mildly up-regulated during adipogenesis and enriched in mature adipocytes through a PPARγ-independent mechanism. However, overexpression and knockdown of Lyplal1 did not significantly perturb adipocyte differentiation, triacylglycerol accumulation and/or insulin signaling. These data highlight a depot-specific marked reduction of Lyplal1 transcripts in diet induced obesity but a dispensable role of Lyplal1 in adipose tissue development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinnuo Lei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410128, China; Department of Physiology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Mayson Callaway
- Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Hongyi Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Yi Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410128, China
| | - Weiqin Chen
- Department of Physiology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
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15
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Justesen JM, Allin KH, Sandholt CH, Borglykke A, Krarup NT, Grarup N, Linneberg A, Jørgensen T, Hansen T, Pedersen O. Interactions of Lipid Genetic Risk Scores With Estimates of Metabolic Health in a Danish Population. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 8:465-72. [DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.114.000637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background—
There are several well-established lifestyle factors influencing dyslipidemia and currently; 157 genetic susceptibility loci have been reported to be associated with serum lipid levels at genome-wide statistical significance. However, the interplay between lifestyle risk factors and these susceptibility loci has not been fully elucidated. We tested whether genetic risk scores (GRS) of lipid-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms associate with fasting serum lipid traits and whether the effects are modulated by lifestyle factors or estimates of metabolic health.
Methods and Results—
The single nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped in 2 Danish cohorts: inter99 (n=5961) for discovery analyses and Health2006 (n=2565) for replication. On the basis of published effect sizes of single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with circulating fasting levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, or triglyceride, 4 weighted GRS were constructed. In a cross-sectional design, we investigated whether the effect of these weighted GRSs on lipid levels were modulated by diet, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and smoking or the individual metabolic health status as estimated from body mass index, waist circumference, and insulin resistance assessed using homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance. All 4 lipid weighted GRSs associated strongly with their respective trait (from
P
=3.3×10
–69
to
P
=1.1×10
–123
). We found interactions between the triglyceride weighted GRS and body mass index and waist circumference on fasting triglyceride levels in Inter99 and replicated these findings in Health2006 (
P
interaction
=9.8×10
–5
and 2.0×10
–5
, respectively, in combined analysis).
Conclusions—
Our findings suggest that individuals who are obese may be more susceptible to the cumulative genetic burden of triglyceride single nucleotide polymorphisms. Therefore, it is suggested that especially these genetically at-risk individuals may benefit more from targeted interventions aiming at obesity prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanne M. Justesen
- From The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics (J.M.J., K.H.A., C.H.S., N.T.K., N.G., T.H., O.P.), Department of Clinical Medicine (A.L.) and Department of Public Health (T.J.), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Research Centre for Prevention and Health (A.B., A.L., T.J.) and Department of Clinical Experimental Research (A.L.), Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of
| | - Kristine H. Allin
- From The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics (J.M.J., K.H.A., C.H.S., N.T.K., N.G., T.H., O.P.), Department of Clinical Medicine (A.L.) and Department of Public Health (T.J.), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Research Centre for Prevention and Health (A.B., A.L., T.J.) and Department of Clinical Experimental Research (A.L.), Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of
| | - Camilla H. Sandholt
- From The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics (J.M.J., K.H.A., C.H.S., N.T.K., N.G., T.H., O.P.), Department of Clinical Medicine (A.L.) and Department of Public Health (T.J.), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Research Centre for Prevention and Health (A.B., A.L., T.J.) and Department of Clinical Experimental Research (A.L.), Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of
| | - Anders Borglykke
- From The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics (J.M.J., K.H.A., C.H.S., N.T.K., N.G., T.H., O.P.), Department of Clinical Medicine (A.L.) and Department of Public Health (T.J.), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Research Centre for Prevention and Health (A.B., A.L., T.J.) and Department of Clinical Experimental Research (A.L.), Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of
| | - Nikolaj T. Krarup
- From The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics (J.M.J., K.H.A., C.H.S., N.T.K., N.G., T.H., O.P.), Department of Clinical Medicine (A.L.) and Department of Public Health (T.J.), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Research Centre for Prevention and Health (A.B., A.L., T.J.) and Department of Clinical Experimental Research (A.L.), Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of
| | - Niels Grarup
- From The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics (J.M.J., K.H.A., C.H.S., N.T.K., N.G., T.H., O.P.), Department of Clinical Medicine (A.L.) and Department of Public Health (T.J.), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Research Centre for Prevention and Health (A.B., A.L., T.J.) and Department of Clinical Experimental Research (A.L.), Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of
| | - Allan Linneberg
- From The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics (J.M.J., K.H.A., C.H.S., N.T.K., N.G., T.H., O.P.), Department of Clinical Medicine (A.L.) and Department of Public Health (T.J.), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Research Centre for Prevention and Health (A.B., A.L., T.J.) and Department of Clinical Experimental Research (A.L.), Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of
| | - Torben Jørgensen
- From The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics (J.M.J., K.H.A., C.H.S., N.T.K., N.G., T.H., O.P.), Department of Clinical Medicine (A.L.) and Department of Public Health (T.J.), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Research Centre for Prevention and Health (A.B., A.L., T.J.) and Department of Clinical Experimental Research (A.L.), Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of
| | - Torben Hansen
- From The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics (J.M.J., K.H.A., C.H.S., N.T.K., N.G., T.H., O.P.), Department of Clinical Medicine (A.L.) and Department of Public Health (T.J.), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Research Centre for Prevention and Health (A.B., A.L., T.J.) and Department of Clinical Experimental Research (A.L.), Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- From The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics (J.M.J., K.H.A., C.H.S., N.T.K., N.G., T.H., O.P.), Department of Clinical Medicine (A.L.) and Department of Public Health (T.J.), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Research Centre for Prevention and Health (A.B., A.L., T.J.) and Department of Clinical Experimental Research (A.L.), Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of
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16
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Goni L, Milagro FI, Cuervo M, Martínez JA. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms and DNA methylation markers associated with central obesity and regulation of body weight. Nutr Rev 2014; 72:673-90. [DOI: 10.1111/nure.12143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Goni
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology; Centre for Nutrition Research; University of Navarra; Pamplona Spain
| | - Fermín I Milagro
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology; Centre for Nutrition Research; University of Navarra; Pamplona Spain
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III; CIBER Fisiología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn); Madrid Spain
| | - Marta Cuervo
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology; Centre for Nutrition Research; University of Navarra; Pamplona Spain
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III; CIBER Fisiología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn); Madrid Spain
| | - J Alfredo Martínez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology; Centre for Nutrition Research; University of Navarra; Pamplona Spain
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III; CIBER Fisiología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn); Madrid Spain
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17
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Joint identification of genetic variants for physical activity in Korean population. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:12407-21. [PMID: 25026172 PMCID: PMC4139850 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150712407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been limited research on genome-wide association with physical activity (PA). This study ascertained genetic associations between PA and 344,893 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers in 8842 Korean samples. PA data were obtained from a validated questionnaire that included information on PA intensity and duration. Metabolic equivalent of tasks were calculated to estimate the total daily PA level for each individual. In addition to single- and multiple-SNP association tests, a pathway enrichment analysis was performed to identify the biological significance of SNP markers. Although no significant SNP was found at genome-wide significance level via single-SNP association tests, 59 genetic variants mapped to 76 genes were identified via a multiple SNP approach using a bootstrap selection stability measure. Pathway analysis for these 59 variants showed that maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) was enriched. Joint identification of SNPs could enable the identification of multiple SNPs with good predictive power for PA and a pathway enriched for PA.
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18
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Albuquerque D, Nóbrega C, Rodríguez-López R, Manco L. Association study of common polymorphisms in MSRA, TFAP2B, MC4R, NRXN3, PPARGC1A, TMEM18, SEC16B, HOXB5 and OLFM4 genes with obesity-related traits among Portuguese children. J Hum Genet 2014; 59:307-13. [PMID: 24670271 DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2014.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
At least 52 genetic loci were associated with obesity-related traits. However, little is known about the genetic basis of obesity among children. This study aims to test whether 10 polymorphisms in obesity-related genes methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MSRA), transcription factor AP-2 beta (TFAP2B), melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R), neurexin 3 (NRXN3), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PPARGC1A), transmembrane protein 18 (TMEM18), homolog of S. cerevisiae Sec16 (SEC16B), homeobox B5 (HOXB5) and olfactomedin 4 (OLFM4) are associated with the risk of obesity in Portuguese children. A total of 730 children aging from 6 to 12 years old, recruited randomly from public schools in Portugal, were analysed. Anthropometric measurements were obtained and children were classified into three phenotypic groups, normal weight (n=256), overweight (n=320) and obese (n=154), according to the International Obesity Task Force cutoffs. Polymorphisms were genotyped by allelic discrimination TaqMan assays. The MC4R rs12970134 polymorphism was nominally associated with body mass index (BMI) (P=0.035), BMI Z-score (P=0.043) and waist circumference (P=0.020), and borderline associated with weight (P=0.053). Near nominal associations were also found for the PPARGC1A rs8192678 polymorphism with weight (P=0.061), and for the MSRA rs545854 polymorphism with BMI (P=0.055) and BMI Z-score (P=0.056). Furthermore, logistic regression showed that MC4R rs12970134 and TFAP2B rs987237 were nominally, respectively, associated (P=0.029) and borderline associated (P=0.056) with the obese phenotype. This study highlighted the possible association of MC4R, PPARGC1A, MSRA and TFAP2B polymorphisms with several obesity-related traits in a sample of Portuguese children. The two significant associated TFAP2B rs987237 and MC4R rs12970134 polymorphisms showed an opposite direction of effect to that in the original reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Albuquerque
- Department of Life Sciences, Research Centre for Anthropology and Health (CIAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Clévio Nóbrega
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Licínio Manco
- Department of Life Sciences, Research Centre for Anthropology and Health (CIAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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19
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Sandholt CH, Allin KH, Toft U, Borglykke A, Ribel-Madsen R, Sparso T, Justesen JM, Harder MN, Jørgensen T, Hansen T, Pedersen O. The effect of GWAS identified BMI loci on changes in body weight among middle-aged Danes during a five-year period. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2014; 22:901-8. [PMID: 23804573 DOI: 10.1002/oby.20540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2012] [Revised: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Genome-wide association studies have identified genetic variants associating with BMI, however, it is un-clarified whether the same variants also influence body weight fluctuations. METHODS Among 3,982 adult individuals that attended both a baseline and a five-year follow-up examination in the Danish Inter99 intervention study, a genetic risk score (GRS) was constructed based on 30 BMI variants to address whether it is associated with body weight changes. Moreover, it was examined whether the effect of lifestyle changes was modulated by the GRS. RESULTS The GRS associated strongly with baseline body weight, with a per risk allele increase of 0.45 (0.33-0.58) kg (P = 2.7 × 10(-12) ), corresponding to a body weight difference of 3.41 (2.21-4.60) kg comparing the highest (≥ 30 risk alleles) and lowest (≤ 26 risk alleles) risk allele tertile. No association was observed with changes in body weight during the five years. Changes in lifestyle, including physical activity, diet and smoking habits associated strongly with body weight changes, however, no interactions with the GRS was observed. CONCLUSION The GRS associated with body weight cross-sectionally, but not with changes over a five-year period. Body weight changes were influenced by lifestyle changes, however, independently of the GRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Sandholt
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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20
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Rupérez AI, Gil A, Aguilera CM. Genetics of oxidative stress in obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:3118-44. [PMID: 24562334 PMCID: PMC3958901 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15023118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Revised: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a multifactorial disease characterized by the excessive accumulation of fat in adipose tissue and peripheral organs. Its derived metabolic complications are mediated by the associated oxidative stress, inflammation and hypoxia. Oxidative stress is due to the excessive production of reactive oxygen species or diminished antioxidant defenses. Genetic variants, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms in antioxidant defense system genes, could alter the efficacy of these enzymes and, ultimately, the risk of obesity; thus, studies investigating the role of genetic variations in genes related to oxidative stress could be useful for better understanding the etiology of obesity and its metabolic complications. The lack of existing literature reviews in this field encouraged us to gather the findings from studies focusing on the impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms in antioxidant enzymes, oxidative stress-producing systems and transcription factor genes concerning their association with obesity risk and its phenotypes. In the future, the characterization of these single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in obese patients could contribute to the development of controlled antioxidant therapies potentially beneficial for the treatment of obesity-derived metabolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azahara I Rupérez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Angel Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Concepción M Aguilera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
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Mamtani M, Kulkarni H, Dyer TD, Almasy L, Mahaney MC, Duggirala R, Comuzzie AG, Blangero J, Curran JE. Waist circumference is genetically correlated with incident Type 2 diabetes in Mexican-American families. Diabet Med 2014; 31:31-5. [PMID: 23796311 PMCID: PMC3849209 DOI: 10.1111/dme.12266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We aimed to determine the genetic and environmental correlation between various anthropometric indexes and incident Type 2 diabetes with a focus on waist circumference. METHODS We used the data on extended Mexican-American families (808 subjects, 7617.92 person-years follow-up) from the San Antonio Family Heart Study and estimated the genetic and environmental correlations of 16 anthropometric indexes with the genetic liability of incident Type 2 diabetes. We performed bivariate trait analyses using the solar software package. RESULTS All 16 anthropometric indexes were significantly heritable (range of heritabilities 0.24-0.99). Thirteen indexes were found to have significant environmental correlation with the liability of incident Type 2 diabetes. In contrast, only anthropometric indexes consisting of waist circumference (waist circumference, waist-hip ratio and waist-height ratio) were significantly genetically correlated (genetic correlation coefficients: 0.45, 0.55 and 0.44, respectively) with the liability of incident Type 2 diabetes. We did not observe such a correlation for BMI. CONCLUSIONS Waist circumference as a predictor of future Type 2 diabetes is supported by the finding that they share common genetic influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mamtani
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Li W, Zhang Y, Gu R, Zhang P, Liang F, Gu J, Zhang X, Zhang H, Zhang H. DNA pooling base genome-wide association study identifies variants at NRXN3 associated with delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79159. [PMID: 24265751 PMCID: PMC3827149 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning (DEACMP) is more characteristic of anoxic encephalopathy than of other types of anoxia. Those who have the same poisoning degree and are of similar age and gender have a greater risk of getting DEACMP. This has made it clear that there are obvious personal differences. Genetic factors may play a very important role. The authors performed a genome-wide association study involving pooling of DNA obtained from 175 patients and 244 matched acute carbon monoxide poisoning without delayed encephalopathy controls. The Illumina HumanHap 660 Chip array was used for DNA pools. Allele frequencies of all SNPs were compared between delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning and control groups and ranked. A total of 123 SNPs gave an OR >1.4. Of these, 46 mapped in or close to known genes. Forty-eight SNPs located in 19 genes were associated with DEACMP after correction for 5% FDR in the genome-wide association of pooled DNA. Two SNPs (rs11845632 and rs2196447) locate in the Neurexin 3 gene were selected for individual genotyping in all samples and another cohort consisted of 234 and 271 controls. There were significant differences in the genotype and allele frequencies of rs11845632 and rs2196447 between the DEACMP group and controls group (all P-values <0.05). This study describes a positive association between Neurexin 3 and controls in the Han Chinese population, and provides genetic evidence to support the susceptibility of DEACMP, which may be the resulting interaction of environmental and genetic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Li
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Key Lab of Biological Psychiatry, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- * E-mail: (WL); (RG)
| | - Yanxia Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Tongzhou Hospital for Matenal and Child Health Care, Beijing, China
| | - Renjun Gu
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Key Lab of Biological Psychiatry, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- * E-mail: (WL); (RG)
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Fei Liang
- Health Team of the 93123 Unit, The Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Dalian, China
| | - Jiapeng Gu
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xuemin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Hongya Zhang
- Yang Pu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongxing Zhang
- Henan Key Lab of Biological Psychiatry, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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Edwards TL, Giri A, Motley S, Duong W, Fowke JH. Pleiotropy between genetic markers of obesity and risk of prostate cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2013; 22:1538-46. [PMID: 23810916 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-13-0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To address inconsistent findings of obesity and prostate cancer risk, we analyzed the association between prostate cancer and genetic markers of obesity and metabolism. METHODS Analyses included 176,520 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) associated with 23 metabolic traits. We examined the association between SNPs and prostate cancer in 871 cases and 906 controls, including 427 high-grade cases with Gleason ≥ 7. Genetic risk scores (GRS) for body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were also created by summing alleles associated with increasing BMI or WHR. RESULTS Prostate cancer was associated with five loci, including cyclin M2, with P values less than 1 × 10(-4). In addition, the WHR GRS was associated with high-grade prostate cancer versus controls [OR, 1.05; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.00-1.11; P = 0.048] and high-grade prostate cancer versus low-grade prostate cancer (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.01-1.13; P = 0.03). None of these findings exceeds the threshold for significance after correction for multiple testing. CONCLUSIONS Variants in genes known to be associated with metabolism and obesity may be associated with prostate cancer. We show evidence for pleiotropy between WHR GRS and prostate cancer grade. This finding is consistent with the function of several WHR genes and previously described relationships with cancer traits. IMPACT Limitations in standard obesity measures suggest alternative characterizations of obesity may be needed to understand the role of metabolic dysregulation in prostate cancer. The underlying genetics of WHR or other Metabochip SNPs, while not statistically significant beyond multiple testing thresholds within our sample size, support the metabolic hypothesis of prostate carcinogenesis and warrant further investigation in independent samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd L Edwards
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
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Goodarzi MO, Guo X, Cui J, Jones MR, Haritunians T, Xiang AH, Chen YDI, Taylor KD, Buchanan TA, Hsueh WA, Raffel LJ, Rotter JI. Systematic evaluation of validated type 2 diabetes and glycaemic trait loci for association with insulin clearance. Diabetologia 2013; 56:1282-90. [PMID: 23494448 PMCID: PMC3651757 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-013-2880-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Insulin clearance is a highly heritable trait, for which few quantitative trait loci have been discovered. We sought to determine whether validated type 2 diabetes and/or glycaemic trait loci are associated with insulin clearance. METHODS Hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamps were performed in two Hispanic-American family cohorts totalling 1329 participants in 329 families. The Metabochip was used to fine-map about 50 previously identified loci for type 2 diabetes, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, 2 h glucose or HbA1c. This resulted in 17,930 variants, which were tested for association with clamp-derived insulin clearance via meta-analysis of the two cohorts. RESULTS In the meta-analysis, 38 variants located within seven loci demonstrated association with insulin clearance (p < 0.001). The top signals for each locus were rs10241087 (DGKB/TMEM195 [TMEM195 also known as AGMO]) (p = 4.4 × 10(-5)); chr1:217605433 (LYPLAL1) (p = 3.25 × 10(-4)); rs2380949 (GLIS3) (p = 3.4 × 10(-4)); rs55903902 (FADS1) (p = 5.6 × 10(-4)); rs849334 (JAZF1) (p = 6.4 × 10(-4)); rs35749 (IGF1) (p = 6.7 × 10(-4)); and rs9460557 (CDKAL1) (p = 6.8 × 10(-4)). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION While the majority of validated loci for type 2 diabetes and related traits do not appear to influence insulin clearance in Hispanics, several of these loci do show evidence of association with this trait. It is therefore possible that these loci could have pleiotropic effects on insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity and insulin clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M O Goodarzi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Room B-131, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
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Styskal J, Nwagwu FA, Watkins YN, Liang H, Richardson A, Musi N, Salmon AB. Methionine sulfoxide reductase A affects insulin resistance by protecting insulin receptor function. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 56:123-32. [PMID: 23089224 PMCID: PMC3578155 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.10.544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Revised: 10/07/2012] [Accepted: 10/15/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a significant role in the development of insulin resistance; however, the cellular targets of oxidation that cause insulin resistance have yet to be fully elucidated. Methionine sulfoxide reductases reduce oxidized methionine residues, thereby repairing and protecting proteins from oxidation. Recently, several genome-wide analyses have found human obesity to be strongly correlated with polymorphisms near the methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MsrA) locus. In this study, we tested whether modulation of MsrA expression significantly alters the development of obesity and/or insulin resistance in mice. We show that mice lacking MsrA (MsrA(-/-)) are prone to the development of high-fat-diet-induced insulin resistance and a reduced physiological insulin response compared to high-fat-fed wild-type mice. We also show that oxidative stress in C2C12 cell cultures reduces both insulin-stimulated phosphorylation and autophosphorylation of the insulin receptor. Tissues from high-fat-fed mice show similar reduction in insulin receptor function and increase in insulin receptor oxidation, which are further exacerbated by the lack of MsrA. Together, these data demonstrate for the first time that MsrA and protein oxidation play a role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis. In addition, these data support a novel hypothesis that obesity-induced insulin resistance is caused in part by reduced function of insulin signaling proteins arising from protein oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- JennaLynn Styskal
- The Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229
- Department of Cellular & Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229
| | - Florence A. Nwagwu
- The Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229
- Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229
| | - Yvonne N. Watkins
- The Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229
- Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229
| | - Hanyu Liang
- Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229
- Division of Diabetes, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229
| | - Arlan Richardson
- The Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229
- Department of Cellular & Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229
- The Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas, 78229
| | - Nicolas Musi
- The Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229
- Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229
- Division of Diabetes, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229
- The Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas, 78229
| | - Adam B. Salmon
- The Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229
- The Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas, 78229
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Sex-specific effects of weight-affecting gene variants in a life course perspective--The HUNT Study, Norway. Int J Obes (Lond) 2013; 37:1221-9. [PMID: 23318717 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2012.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Revised: 11/29/2012] [Accepted: 12/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The impact of previously identified genetic variants directly or indirectly associated with obesity, were investigated at birth, adolescence and adulthood to provide knowledge concerning timing and mechanisms of obesity susceptibility with focus on sex differences. DESIGN Twenty four previously identified obesity- and eating disorder susceptibility loci were tested for association with adiposity traits at birth (ponderal index (PI)), adolescence and young adulthood (body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-hip ratio (WHR)) in 1782 individuals from the HUNT study. Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) were evaluated individually and by haplotype sliding-window approach for windows50 kb (near-MC4R, FTO and near-BDNF). The analyses were performed on the total and sex stratified samples. RESULTS The most substantial effect on BMI was observed for the near-MC4R variants at adolescence and adulthood (adjusted P-values in adolescence: 0.002 and 0.003 for rs17782313 and rs571312, respectively). The same variants showed inverse association with PI in males (adjusted P-values: 0.019-0.036). Furthermore, significant effects were observed at adolescence with BMI for the near-KCTD15 variant (rs11084753) (adjusted P=0.038) in the combined sample. The near-INSIG2 (rs7566605) was significantly associated to WHR in males and near-BDNF (rs925946) in the combined sample (adjusted P=0.027 and P=0.033, respectively). The OPRD1 locus was associated to BMI and WC in males both at adolescence and adulthood with highest effect in adults (adjusted P=0.058). Interaction with sex was identified for near-MC4R, OPRD1, COMT, near-BDNF and DRD2. CONCLUSIONS Most obesity susceptibility variants show stronger effect at adolescence than at birth and adulthood with a clear sex-specific effect at some loci. The near-MC4R locus exhibit inverse effect on weight at birth in boys compared with findings at adolescence and adulthood. Some variants less known for obesity-susceptibility such as OPRD1 were found to be associated to weight with strongest effects in males.
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Abstract
Obesity and related complications are major health burdens. Almost 700 million adults are currently obese globally and the prevalence is predicted to rise towards 2030. The sudden change of lifestyle with physical inactivity and excessive calorie intake undoubtedly have a major part of the epidemic development; however, some individuals seem to be more prone to be affected by an unhealthy lifestyle than others. Hence, genetic predisposition also has an essential role in determining disease susceptibility and response to lifestyle factors. Since the introduction of genome-wide association studies (GWAS), the success of identifying obesity susceptibility variants have increased, and a total of 32 variants have been identified associating genome-wide significantly with body mass index (BMI) and 18 with measures of fat distribution during four overall obesity GWAS waves. However, the immediate success of the GWAS approach has eased off, but the proportion of explained variance for BMI by the identified obesity variants remains low. This review suggests and discusses new initiatives to take GWAS of obesity to the next level, including gene–environment interactions as modulating/masking factors, low-frequent or rare variants and ways to address such analyses, and finally reflections about the applicability of epigenetic modifications when elucidating the genetic background of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Sandholt
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Fox CS, Liu Y, White CC, Feitosa M, Smith AV, Heard-Costa N, Lohman K, Johnson AD, Foster MC, Greenawalt DM, Griffin P, Ding J, Newman AB, Tylavsky F, Miljkovic I, Kritchevsky SB, Launer L, Garcia M, Eiriksdottir G, Carr JJ, Gudnason V, Harris TB, Cupples LA, Borecki IB. Genome-wide association for abdominal subcutaneous and visceral adipose reveals a novel locus for visceral fat in women. PLoS Genet 2012; 8:e1002695. [PMID: 22589738 PMCID: PMC3349734 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2011] [Accepted: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Body fat distribution, particularly centralized obesity, is associated with metabolic risk above and beyond total adiposity. We performed genome-wide association of abdominal adipose depots quantified using computed tomography (CT) to uncover novel loci for body fat distribution among participants of European ancestry. Subcutaneous and visceral fat were quantified in 5,560 women and 4,997 men from 4 population-based studies. Genome-wide genotyping was performed using standard arrays and imputed to ~2.5 million Hapmap SNPs. Each study performed a genome-wide association analysis of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), VAT adjusted for body mass index, and VAT/SAT ratio (a metric of the propensity to store fat viscerally as compared to subcutaneously) in the overall sample and in women and men separately. A weighted z-score meta-analysis was conducted. For the VAT/SAT ratio, our most significant p-value was rs11118316 at LYPLAL1 gene (p = 3.1 × 10E-09), previously identified in association with waist-hip ratio. For SAT, the most significant SNP was in the FTO gene (p = 5.9 × 10E-08). Given the known gender differences in body fat distribution, we performed sex-specific analyses. Our most significant finding was for VAT in women, rs1659258 near THNSL2 (p = 1.6 × 10-08), but not men (p = 0.75). Validation of this SNP in the GIANT consortium data demonstrated a similar sex-specific pattern, with observed significance in women (p = 0.006) but not men (p = 0.24) for BMI and waist circumference (p = 0.04 [women], p = 0.49 [men]). Finally, we interrogated our data for the 14 recently published loci for body fat distribution (measured by waist-hip ratio adjusted for BMI); associations were observed at 7 of these loci. In contrast, we observed associations at only 7/32 loci previously identified in association with BMI; the majority of overlap was observed with SAT. Genome-wide association for visceral and subcutaneous fat revealed a SNP for VAT in women. More refined phenotypes for body composition and fat distribution can detect new loci not previously uncovered in large-scale GWAS of anthropometric traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline S. Fox
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Center for Population Studies, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Endocrinology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Charles C. White
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Mary Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Albert V. Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Research Institute, Kopavogur, Iceland
- University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Nancy Heard-Costa
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kurt Lohman
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | | | | | | | - Andrew D. Johnson
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Center for Population Studies, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Meredith C. Foster
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Center for Population Studies, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | | | - Paula Griffin
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jinghong Ding
- Department of Internal Medicine/Geriatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Anne B. Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Fran Tylavsky
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Iva Miljkovic
- Center for Aging and Population Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Stephen B. Kritchevsky
- Department of Internal Medicine/Geriatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Lenore Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Melissa Garcia
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | | | - J. Jeffrey Carr
- Departments of Radiologic Sciences, Internal Medicine-Cardiology, and Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Vilmunder Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Research Institute, Kopavogur, Iceland
- University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Tamara B. Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - L. Adrienne Cupples
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ingrid B. Borecki
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
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