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Kuang L, You Y, Qi J, Chen J, Zhou X, Ji S, Cheng J, Kwan HY, Jiang P, Sun X, Su M, Wang M, Chen W, Luo R, Zhao X, Zhou L. Qi-dan-dihuang decoction ameliorates renal fibrosis in diabetic rats via p38MAPK/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:3481-3499. [PMID: 38456329 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Qi-dan-dihuang decoction (QDD) has been used to treat diabetic kidney disease (DKD), but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE This study reveals the mechanism by which QDD ameliorates DKD. MATERIALS AND METHODS The compounds in QDD were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography and quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-Q-TOF-MS). Key targets and signaling pathways were screened through bioinformatics. Nondiabetic Lepr db/m mice were used as control group, while Lepr db/db mice were divided into model group, dapagliflozin group, 1% QDD-low (QDD-L), and 2% QDD-high (QDD-H) group. After 12 weeks of administration, 24 h urinary protein, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen levels were detected. Kidney tissues damage and fibrosis were evaluated by pathological staining. In addition, 30 mmol/L glucose-treated HK-2 and NRK-52E cells to induce DKD model. Cell activity and migration capacity as well as protein expression levels were evaluated. RESULTS A total of 46 key target genes were identified. Functional enrichment analyses showed that key target genes were significantly enriched in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. In addition, in vivo and in vitro experiments confirmed that QDD ameliorated renal fibrosis in diabetic mice by resolving inflammation and inhibiting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via the p38MAPK and AKT-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION QDD inhibits EMT and the inflammatory response through the p38MAPK and AKT/mTOR signaling pathways, thereby playing a protective role in renal fibrosis in DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuyan Kuang
- Endocrinology Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanting You
- Endocrinology Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Taishan People's Hospital, Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base of Southern Medical University, Taishan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jieying Qi
- School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jieyu Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinghong Zhou
- School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuai Ji
- School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingru Cheng
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hiu Yee Kwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pingping Jiang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Sun
- School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengting Su
- Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenxiao Chen
- Taishan People's Hospital, Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base of Southern Medical University, Taishan, Guangdong, China
| | - Ren Luo
- School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoshan Zhao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Endocrinology Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Li K, Zhang Y, Zhao W, Wang R, Li Y, Wei L, Wang L, Chen X, Chen Z, Liu P, Nie N, Tian X, Fu R. DPP8/9 inhibition attenuates the TGF-β1-induced excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) in human mesangial cells via Smad and Akt signaling pathways. Toxicol Lett 2024; 395:1-10. [PMID: 38458339 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of glomerular diseases is strongly influenced by abnormal extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in mesangial cells. Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) enzyme family contains DPP8 and DPP9, which are involved in multiple diseases. However, the pathogenic roles of DPP8 and DPP9 in mesangial cells ECM deposition remain unclear. In this study, we observed that DPP8 and DPP9 were significantly increased in glomerular mesangial cells and podocytes in CKD patients compared with healthy individuals, and DPP9 levels were higher in the urine of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) patients than in control urine. Therefore, we further explored the mechanism of DPP8 and DPP9 in mesangial cells and revealed a significant increase in the expression of DPP8 and DPP9 in human mesangial cells (HMCs) following TGF-β1 stimulation. Silencing DPP8 and DPP9 by siRNAs alleviated the expression of ECM-related proteins including collagen Ⅲ, collagen Ⅳ, fibronectin, MMP2, in TGF-β1-treated HMCs. Furthermore, DPP8 siRNA and DPP9 siRNA inhibited TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3, as well as the phosphorylation of Akt in HMCs. The findings suggested the inhibition of DPP8/9 may alleviate HMCs ECM deposition induced by TGF-β1 via suppressing TGF-β1/Smad and AKT signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China
| | - Yuzhan Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Weihao Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China
| | - Rongrong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China
| | - Linting Wei
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China
| | - Xianghui Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China
| | - Zhao Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China
| | - Na Nie
- Department of Nephrology, Hanzhong Central Hospital, Hanzhong, Shaanxi 723000, China
| | - Xuefei Tian
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medcine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
| | - Rongguo Fu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China.
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Parwani K, Patel F, Bhagwat P, Dilip H, Patel D, Thiruvenkatam V, Mandal P. Swertiamarin mitigates nephropathy in high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by inhibiting the formation of advanced glycation end products. Arch Physiol Biochem 2024; 130:136-154. [PMID: 34657540 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2021.1987478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The molecular mechanism by which Swertiamarin (SM) prevents advanced glycation end products (AGEs) induced diabetic nephropathy (DN) has never been explored. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of SM in preventing the progression of DN in high fat diet-streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS After 1 week of acclimatisation, the rats were divided randomly into five groups as follows: (1) Control group, which received normal chow diet; (2) High-fat diet (HFD) group which was fed diet comprising of 58.7% fat, 27.5% carbohydrate and 14.4% protein); (3) Aminoguanidine (AG) group which received HFD + 100 mg/k.b.w.AG (intraperitoneal); (4) Metformin (Met) group which received HFD + 70 mg/k.b.w. the oral dose of Met and (5) SM group which was supplemented orally with 50 mg/k.b.w.SM along with HFD. After 12 weeks all HFD fed animals were given a single 35 mg/k.b.w. dose of streptozotocin with continuous HFD feeding for additional 18 weeks. Later, various biochemical assays, urine analyses, histopathological analysis of kidneys, levels of AGEs, expression of various makers, and in-silico analysis were performed. RESULTS The diabetic group demonstrated oxidative stress, increased levels of AGEs, decreased renal function, fibrosis in the renal tissue, higher expression of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), which were ameliorated in the SM treated group. In-silico analysis suggests that SM can prevent the binding of AGEs with RAGE. CONCLUSIONS SM ameliorated DN by inhibiting the oxidative stress induced by AGEs.HighlightsSM reduces the levels of hyperglycaemia-induced advanced glycation end products in serum and renal tissue.SM prevents renal fibrosis by inhibiting the EMT in the kidney tissue.The in-silico analysis proves that SM can inhibit the binding of various AGEs with RAGE, thereby inhibiting the AGE-RAGE axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirti Parwani
- Department of Biological Sciences, P. D. Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science & Technology, Anand, India
| | - Farhin Patel
- Department of Biological Sciences, P. D. Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science & Technology, Anand, India
| | - Pranav Bhagwat
- Discipline of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Haritha Dilip
- Discipline of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Dhara Patel
- Department of Biological Sciences, P. D. Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science & Technology, Anand, India
| | - Vijay Thiruvenkatam
- Discipline of Biological Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Palash Mandal
- Department of Biological Sciences, P. D. Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science & Technology, Anand, India
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Song T, Ding YY, Zhang T, Cai Q, Hu Y, Gu Q, Gu Z. Soybean-derived antihypertensive hydrolysates attenuate Ang II-induced renal damage by modulating MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Food Funct 2024; 15:2485-2496. [PMID: 38334682 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo05247h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Hypertension-induced kidney injury is considered a vital consequence of long-term and uncontrolled hypertension, which is commonly associated with an excessive accumulation of angiotensin II (Ang II) from hyperactivated RAS. Antihypertensive peptides have a significant effect on blood pressure regulation, but few studies have focused on the ameliorative function of antihypertensive peptides on renal injury. This study explored the effects of soybean protein-derived hydrolysate (SPH) on SHR and Ang II-induced HK-2 cells. SPH significantly attenuated blood pressure and alleviated renal pathological injury in SHRs after oral gavage administration. According to the pathological results, the kidneys of SHRs showed inflammation and SPH attenuated inflammatory cell infiltration in the kidneys of SHRs. Immunohistochemical analysis further revealed that SPH inhibited MCP-1 expression and increased Nrf2 expression in the kidneys. An in vitro HK-2 cell model demonstrated that SPH exhibited optimal activity for reducing Ang II-induced inflammatory cytokines and ROS overproduction. Mechanistically, SPH was observed to regulate MAPK/JNK and NF-κB signaling pathways. These findings indicate that potent antihypertensive SPH significantly ameliorates hypertension-induced kidney damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyuan Song
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China
| | - Yin-Yi Ding
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiaolin Cai
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yonghong Hu
- Institute of Surgery of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Qing Gu
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China
| | - Zhenyu Gu
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China
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5
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Nguyen HT, Martin LJ. Classical cadherins in the testis: how are they regulated? Reprod Fertil Dev 2023; 35:641-660. [PMID: 37717581 DOI: 10.1071/rd23084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadherins (CDH) are crucial intercellular adhesion molecules, contributing to morphogenesis and creating tissue barriers by regulating cells' movement, clustering and differentiation. In the testis, classical cadherins such as CDH1, CDH2 and CDH3 are critical to gonadogenesis by promoting the migration and the subsequent clustering of primordial germ cells with somatic cells. While CDH2 is present in both Sertoli and germ cells in rodents, CDH1 is primarily detected in undifferentiated spermatogonia. As for CDH3, its expression is mainly found in germ and pre-Sertoli cells in developing gonads until the establishment of the blood-testis barrier (BTB). This barrier is made of Sertoli cells forming intercellular junctional complexes. The restructuring of the BTB allows the movement of early spermatocytes toward the apical compartment as they differentiate during a process called spermatogenesis. CDH2 is among many junctional proteins participating in this process and is regulated by several pathways. While cytokines promote the disassembly of the BTB by enhancing junctional protein endocytosis for degradation, testosterone facilitates the assembly of the BTB by increasing the recycling of endocytosed junctional proteins. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are also mediators of the BTB kinetics in many chemically induced damages in the testis. In addition to regulating Sertoli cell functions, follicle stimulating hormone can also regulate the expression of CDH2. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge on regulatory mechanisms of cadherin localisation and expression in the testis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Tuyen Nguyen
- Biology Department, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada
| | - Luc J Martin
- Biology Department, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada
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Wang Y, Jin M, Cheng CK, Li Q. Tubular injury in diabetic kidney disease: molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic perspectives. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1238927. [PMID: 37600689 PMCID: PMC10433744 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1238927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a chronic complication of diabetes and the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide. Currently, there are limited therapeutic drugs available for DKD. While previous research has primarily focused on glomerular injury, recent studies have increasingly emphasized the role of renal tubular injury in the pathogenesis of DKD. Various factors, including hyperglycemia, lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, hypoxia, RAAS, ER stress, inflammation, EMT and programmed cell death, have been shown to induce renal tubular injury and contribute to the progression of DKD. Additionally, traditional hypoglycemic drugs, anti-inflammation therapies, anti-senescence therapies, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, and stem cell therapies have demonstrated their potential to alleviate renal tubular injury in DKD. This review will provide insights into the latest research on the mechanisms and treatments of renal tubular injury in DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mingyue Jin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Chak Kwong Cheng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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7
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Zhang L, Hung GCC, Meng S, Evans R, Xu J. LncRNA MALAT1 Regulates Hyperglycemia Induced EMT in Keratinocyte via miR-205. Noncoding RNA 2023; 9:14. [PMID: 36827547 PMCID: PMC9963368 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna9010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is critical to cutaneous wound healing. When skin is injured, EMT activates and mobilizes keratinocytes toward the wound bed, therefore enabling re-epithelialization. This process becomes dysregulated in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate many biological processes. LncRNA-metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) influences numerous cellular processes, including EMT. The objective of the current study is to explore the role of MALAT1 in hyperglycemia (HG)-induced EMT. The expression of MALAT1 was found to be significantly upregulated, while the expression of miR-205 was downregulated in diabetic wounds and high-glucose-treated HaCaT cells. The initiation of EMT in HaCaT cells from hyperglycemia was confirmed by a morphological change, the increased expression of CDH2, KRT10, and ACTA2, and the downregulation of CDH1. The knockdown of MALAT1 was achieved by transfecting a small interfering RNA (SiRNA). MALAT1 and miR-205 were found to modulate HG-induced EMT. MALAT1 silencing or miR-205 overexpression appears to attenuate hyperglycemia-induced EMT. Mechanistically, MALAT1 affects HG-induced EMT through binding to miR-205 and therefore inducing ZEB1, a critical transcription factor for EMT. In summary, lncRNA MALAT1 is involved in the hyperglycemia-induced EMT of human HaCaT cells. This provides a new perspective on the pathogenesis of diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Zhang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - George Chu-Chih Hung
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Songmei Meng
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Robin Evans
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Junwang Xu
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
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8
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Yañez AJ, Jaramillo K, Blaña C, Burgos RA, Isla A, Silva P, Aguilar M. Sodium Tungstate (NaW) Decreases Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Production in Cells: New Cellular Antioxidant. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020417. [PMID: 36830953 PMCID: PMC9953222 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal failure worldwide. Hyperglycemia generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), contributing to diabetic complications, especially in DN. Sodium Tungstate (NaW) is an effective antidiabetic agent for short and long-term treatments of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes models. In this study, we evaluated the effect of NaW on ROS production in bovine neutrophils incubated with platelet-activating factor (PAF) and in HK-2 cells induced by high glucose or H2O2. In addition, we evaluated the effect on iNOS expression in the type 1 diabetic rat model induced with streptozotocin (STZ). NaW inhibited ROS production in PAF-induced bovine neutrophils, and human tubular cells (HK-2) were incubated in high glucose or H2O2. In addition, NaW inhibited iNOS expression in glomeruli and tubular cells in the type 1 diabetic rat. This study demonstrates a new role for NaW as an active antioxidant and its potential use in treating DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro J. Yañez
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile
- Correspondence: (A.J.Y.); (M.A.)
| | - Karen Jaramillo
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Camila Blaña
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Rafael A. Burgos
- Instituto de Farmacología y Morfofisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UACH Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Adolfo Isla
- Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomás, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Pamela Silva
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Marcelo Aguilar
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Correspondence: (A.J.Y.); (M.A.)
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9
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Ren N, Shi S, Zhao N, Zhang L. Dual specificity phosphatase 22 suppresses mesangial cell hyperproliferation, fibrosis, inflammation and the MAPK signaling pathway in diabetic nephropathy. Exp Ther Med 2022; 24:744. [PMID: 36561966 PMCID: PMC9748649 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Dual specificity phosphatase 22 (DUSP22) regulates fibrosis and inflammation, which may be implicated in the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Hence, the current study aimed to assess the effect of DUSP22 on cell proliferation, apoptosis, fibrosis and inflammation in mouse mesangial cell line (SV40-MES13) under both high glucose (HG) and low glucose (LG) conditions. SV40-MES13 cells were treated with HG and LG, then HG-group cells were transfected with DUSP22 overexpression and control plasmids, meanwhile LG-group cells were transfected with DUSP22 and control siRNAs. Then, cell proliferation using Cell Counting Kit-8, cell apoptosis by TUNEL assay, protein expression using western blotting, inflammatory cytokines using ELISA and RNA using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR were determined. DUSP22 mRNA and protein were decreased in SV40-MES13 cells under the HG condition compared with those under the LG condition. Under the HG condition, DUSP22 overexpression suppressed SV40-MES13 cell proliferation at 48 and 72 h as well as Bcl2, but it facilitated TUNEL-reflected apoptotic rate and cleaved-caspase-3; besides, DUSP22 overexpression restrained proteins of fibronectin 1, collagen I, transforming growth factor beta 1, and their corresponding mRNAs. As to the inflammation, DUSP22 overexpression downregulated TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-12 under the HG condition. By contrast, DUSP22 siRNA promoted SV40-MES13 cell proliferation, fibrosis and inflammation, but attenuated apoptosis in SV40-MES13 cells under the LG condition. Additionally, DUSP22 overexpression inactivated phosphorylated (p)-ERK, p-JNK, and p-P38 in HG-treated SV40-MES13 cells; differently, DUSP22 small interfering RNA facilitated them under the LG condition. In conclusion, DUSP22 suppresses HG-induced mesangial cell hyperproliferation, fibrosis, inflammation and the MAPK pathway, implying its potency in DN treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Ren
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150000, P.R. China
| | - Shanshan Shi
- General Medical Ward, Harbin Institute of Technology Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150000, P.R. China
| | - Na Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150000, P.R. China
| | - Lingyan Zhang
- General Medical Ward, Harbin Institute of Technology Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150000, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Professor Lingyan Zhang, General Medical Ward, Harbin Institute of Technology Hospital, 2 Xiaowai Street, Nangang, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150000, P.R. China
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10
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Network pharmacology and molecular docking technology-based predictive study of the active ingredients and potential targets of rhubarb for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:210. [PMID: 35932042 PMCID: PMC9356435 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03662-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractDiabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most serious complications of diabetes and the main cause of end-stage renal failure. Rhubarb is a widely used traditional Chinese herb, and it has exhibited efficacy in reducing proteinuria, lowering blood sugar levels and improving kidney function in patients with DN. However, the exact pharmacological mechanism by rhubarb improves DN remain unclear due to the complexity of its ingredients. Hence, we systematically explored the underlying mechanisms of rhubarb in the treatment of DN. We adopted a network pharmacology approach, focusing on the identification of active ingredients, drug target prediction, gene collection, Gene Ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment. Molecular docking technology was used to verify the binding ability between the main active compounds and central therapeutic targets, and screen out the core active ingredients in rhubarb for the treatment of DN. Finally, molecular dynamics simulation was performed for the optimal core protein-ligand obtained by molecular docking using GROMACS software. The network analysis identified 16 active compounds in rhubarb that were linked to 37 possible therapeutic targets related to DN. Through protein–protein interaction analysis, TP53, CASP8, CASP3, MYC, JUN and PTGS2 were identified as the key therapeutic targets. By validation of molecular docking, finding that the central therapeutic targets have good affinities with the main active compounds of rhubarb, and rhein, beta-sitosterol and aloe-emodin were identified as the core active ingredients in rhubarb for the treatment of DN. Results from molecular dynamics simulations showed that TP53 and aloe-emodin bound very stably with a binding free energy of − 26.98 kcal/mol between the two. The results of the gene enrichment analysis revealed that the PI3K-Akt signalling pathway, p53 signalling pathway, AGE-RAGE signalling pathway and MAPK signalling pathway might be the key pathways for the treatment of DN, and these pathways were involved in podocyte apoptosis, glomerular mesangial cell proliferation, inflammation and renal fibrosis. Based on the network pharmacology approach and molecular docking technology, we successfully predicted the active compounds and their respective targets. In addition, we illustrated the molecular mechanisms that mediate the therapeutic effects of rhubarb against DN. These findings provided an important scientific basis for further research of the mechanism of rhubarb in the treatment of DN.
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Lin Y, Yang Q, Wang J, Chen X, Liu Y, Zhou T. An overview of the efficacy and signaling pathways activated by stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in diabetic kidney disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:962635. [PMID: 35966088 PMCID: PMC9366010 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.962635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of complications of diabetes mellitus with severe microvascular lesion and the most common cause of end-stage chronic kidney disease (ESRD). Controlling serum glucose remains the primary approach to preventing and slowing the progression of DKD. Despite considerable efforts to control diabetes, people with diabetes develop not only DKD but also ESRD. The pathogenesis of DKD is very complex, and current studies indicate that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) regulate complex disease processes by promoting pro-regenerative mechanisms and inhibiting multiple pathogenic pathways. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are products of MSCs. Current data indicate that MSC-EVs-based interventions not only protect renal cells, including renal tubular epithelial cells, podocytes and mesangial cells, but also improve renal function and reduce damage in diabetic animals. As an increasing number of clinical studies have confirmed, MSC-EVs may be an effective way to treat DKD. This review explores the potential efficacy and signaling pathways of MSC-EVs in the treatment of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongda Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Tianbiao Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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Kobayashi H, Looker HC, Satake E, Saulnier PJ, Md Dom ZI, O'Neil K, Ihara K, Krolewski B, Galecki AT, Niewczas MA, Wilson JM, Doria A, Duffin KL, Nelson RG, Krolewski AS. Results of untargeted analysis using the SOMAscan proteomics platform indicates novel associations of circulating proteins with risk of progression to kidney failure in diabetes. Kidney Int 2022; 102:370-381. [PMID: 35618095 PMCID: PMC9333266 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2022.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study applies a large proteomics panel to search for new circulating biomarkers associated with progression to kidney failure in individuals with diabetic kidney disease. Four independent cohorts encompassing 754 individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes and early and late diabetic kidney disease were followed to ascertain progression to kidney failure. During ten years of follow-up, 227 of 754 individuals progressed to kidney failure. Using the SOMAscan proteomics platform, we measured baseline concentration of 1129 circulating proteins. In our previous publications, we analyzed 334 of these proteins that were members of specific candidate pathways involved in diabetic kidney disease and found 35 proteins strongly associated with risk of progression to kidney failure. Here, we examined the remaining 795 proteins using an untargeted approach. Of these remaining proteins, 11 were significantly associated with progression to kidney failure. Biological processes previously reported for these proteins were related to neuron development (DLL1, MATN2, NRX1B, KLK8, RTN4R and ROR1) and were implicated in the development of kidney fibrosis (LAYN, DLL1, MAPK11, MATN2, endostatin, and ROR1) in cellular and animal studies. Specific mechanisms that underlie involvement of these proteins in progression of diabetic kidney disease must be further investigated to assess their value as targets for kidney-protective therapies. Using multivariable LASSO regression analysis, five proteins (LAYN, ESAM, DLL1, MAPK11 and endostatin) were found independently associated with risk of progression to kidney failure. Thus, our study identified proteins that may be considered as new candidate prognostic biomarkers to predict risk of progression to kidney failure in diabetic kidney disease. Furthermore, three of these proteins (DLL1, ESAM, and MAPK11) were selected as candidate biomarkers when all SOMAscan results were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Kobayashi
- Section on Genetics and Epidemiology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Devision of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Endocrinology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Helen C Looker
- Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Eiichiro Satake
- Section on Genetics and Epidemiology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pierre Jean Saulnier
- Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA; CHU Poitiers, University of Poitiers, Inserm, Clinical Investigation Center CIC1402, Poitiers, France
| | - Zaipul I Md Dom
- Section on Genetics and Epidemiology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kristina O'Neil
- Section on Genetics and Epidemiology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katsuhito Ihara
- Section on Genetics and Epidemiology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bozena Krolewski
- Section on Genetics and Epidemiology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrzej T Galecki
- Cognitive Health Services Research Program, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Monika A Niewczas
- Section on Genetics and Epidemiology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan M Wilson
- Diabetes and Complication Department, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Alessandro Doria
- Section on Genetics and Epidemiology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kevin L Duffin
- Diabetes and Complication Department, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Robert G Nelson
- Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
| | - Andrzej S Krolewski
- Section on Genetics and Epidemiology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Fu H, Gu YH, Tan J, Yang YN, Wang GH. CircACTR2 in macrophages promotes renal fibrosis by activating macrophage inflammation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of renal tubular epithelial cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:253. [PMID: 35449370 PMCID: PMC11072867 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04247-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The crosstalk between macrophages and tubular epithelial cells (TECs) actively regulates the progression of renal fibrosis. In the present study, we revealed the significance of circular RNA ACTR2 (circACTR2) in regulating macrophage inflammation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of TECs, and the development of renal fibrosis. Our results showed UUO-induced renal fibrosis was associated with increased inflammation and EMT, hypertrophy of contralateral kidney, up-regulations of circACTR2 and NLRP3, and the down-regulation of miR-561. CircACTR2 sufficiently and essentially promoted the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, pyroptosis, and inflammation in macrophages, and through paracrine effect, stimulated EMT and fibrosis of TECs. Mechanistically, circACTR2 sponged miR-561 and up-regulated NLRP3 expression level to induce the secretion of IL-1β. In TECs, IL-1β induced renal fibrosis via up-regulating fascin-1. Knocking down circACTR2 or elevating miR-561 potently alleviated renal fibrosis in vivo. In summary, circACTR2, by sponging miR-561, activated NLRP3 inflammasome, promoted macrophage inflammation, and stimulated macrophage-induced EMT and fibrosis of TECs. Knocking down circACTR2 and overexpressing miR-561 may, thus, benefit the treatment of renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Fu
- Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Hong Gu
- Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Tan
- Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye-Ning Yang
- Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Hui Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No 138, Tongzipo Road, Yuelu, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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Insights into the cytoprotective potential of Bergenia ligulata against oxalate-induced oxidative stress and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via TGFβ1/p38MAPK pathway in human renal epithelial cells. Urolithiasis 2022; 50:259-278. [PMID: 35174397 DOI: 10.1007/s00240-022-01315-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Oxalate exposure to human renal epithelial cells triggers a vicious cycle of oxidative stress leading to cellular injury and deposition of calcium oxalate crystals on the injured cells. This results in further oxidative damage causing inflammation and loss of cell-cell adhesion factors, ultimately leading to irreparable kidney damage. However, these events can be attenuated or prevented by plants rich in antioxidants used in the traditional system of medicine for treatment of kidney stones. To delineate the mechanism by which Bergenia ligulata extract exerts its cytoprotective role in oxalate-induced injury we designed this study. Our results revealed that oxalate-injured HK2 cells cotreated with ethanolic extract of Bergenia ligulata displayed increased viability, reduced oxidative stress due to lowered production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreased apoptosis. We also observed lowered markers of inflammation, along with increased expression of epithelial marker E-cadherin and decreased expression of mesenchymal markers Vimentin, F-actin, Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) and EMT-related proteins in renal tubular epithelial cells through immunocytochemistry, real-time PCR and western blotting. Our findings collectively suggest that by reducing oxidative stress, modulating crystal structure and preventing crystal-cell adhesion, B. ligulata inhibits the EMT pathway by downregulating the various mediators and thereby exerts its cytoprotective effect.
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Jiang T, Bao Y, Su H, Zheng R, Cao L. Mechanisms of Chinese Herbal Medicines for Diabetic Nephropathy Fibrosis Treatment. INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE IN NEPHROLOGY AND ANDROLOGY 2022; 9. [PMCID: PMC9549772 DOI: 10.4103/2773-0387.353727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a severe microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus that is one of the main causes of end-stage renal disease, causing considerable health problems as well as significant financial burden worldwide. The pathological features of DN include loss of normal nephrons, massive fibroblast and myofibroblast hyperplasia, accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins, thickening of the basement membrane, and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Renal fibrosis is a final and critical pathological change in DN. Although progress has been made in understanding the pathogenesis of DN fibrosis, current conventional treatment strategies may not be completely effective in preventing the disease’s progression. Traditionally, Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) composed of natural ingredients have been used for symptomatic relief of DN. Increasing numbers of studies have confirmed that CHMs can exert a renoprotective effect in DN, and antifibrosis has been identified as a key mechanism. In this review, we summarize the antifibrotic efficacy of CHM preparations, single herbal medicines, and their bioactive compounds based on their effects on diminishing the inflammatory response and oxidative stress, regulating transforming growth factor, preventing epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and modulating microRNAs. We intend to provide patients of DN with therapeutic interventions that are complementary to existing options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuhang Bao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hong Su
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Rendong Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, China,Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, China,Address for correspondence: Prof. Rendong Zheng, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 100 Shizi Street, Hongshan Road, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, China. E-mail:
Prof. Lin Cao, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 100 Shizi Street, Hongshan Road, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, China E-mail:
| | - Lin Cao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, China,Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, China,Address for correspondence: Prof. Rendong Zheng, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 100 Shizi Street, Hongshan Road, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, China. E-mail:
Prof. Lin Cao, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 100 Shizi Street, Hongshan Road, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, China E-mail:
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Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of IL-33 Gene Correlated with Renal Allograft Fibrosis in Kidney Transplant Recipients. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:8029180. [PMID: 34950738 PMCID: PMC8689233 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8029180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nowadays, renal allograft survival is confined by the development of allograft fibrosis. Previous studies have reported interleukin-33 (IL-33) upregulated significantly in patients with chronic renal allograft dysfunction, and it could induce renal tubular epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), which eventually contributed to renal allograft fibrosis. Our study intended to detect the underlying association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of IL-33 gene and renal allograft fibrosis in kidney transplant recipients. Methods We collected blood samples from 200 renal transplant recipients for the identification of SNPs and transplanted kidney tissue samples for identifying differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Intersection of SNP-related genes and DEGs was conducted for further analysis. Relationships between these SNPs and renal allograft fibrosis were evaluated by the inheritance models. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and western blotting (WB) were used to detect the expression of IL-33 and the markers of EMT in human kidney tissues obtained from control and chronic renal allograft dysfunction (CAD) patients. In vitro, we detected the progressions of EMT-related markers and the levels of MAPK signaling pathway mediators after transfecting IL-33 mutant plasmids in HK2 cells. Results Three intersected genes including IL-33 genes were significantly expressed. IL-33 expression was validated in kidney tissues by IHC and WB. Thirty-nine IL-33-related SNPs were identified in targeted sequencing, in which 26 tagger SNPs were found by linkage disequilibrium analysis for further analysis. General linear models indicated sirolimus administration significantly influenced renal allograft fibrosis (P < 0.05), adjustment of which was conducted in the following analysis. By multiple inheritance model analyses, SNP rs10975519 of IL-33 gene was found closely related to renal allograft fibrosis (P < 0.005). Furthermore, HK2 cells transfected with mutated plasmid of rs10975519 showed stronger mobility and migration ability. Moreover, IL-33 mutant plasmids could promote the IL-33-induced EMT through the sustained activation of p38 MAPK signaling pathway in HK2 cells. Conclusion In our study, rs10975519 on the IL-33 gene was found to be statistically associated with the development of renal allograft fibrosis in kidney transplant recipients. This process may be related to the IL-33-induced EMT and sustained activation of p38 MAPK signaling pathway.
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Chae U, Kim B, Kim H, Park YH, Lee SH, Kim SU, Lee DS. Peroxiredoxin-6 regulates p38-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition in HCT116 colon cancer cells. JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH (THESSALONIKE, GREECE) 2021; 28:22. [PMID: 34814951 PMCID: PMC8609821 DOI: 10.1186/s40709-021-00153-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are antioxidant enzymes that protect cells from oxidative stress induced by several factors. They regulate several signaling pathways, such as metabolism, immune response, and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a transforming process that induces the loss of epithelial features of cancer cells and the gain of the mesenchymal phenotype. The EMT promotes metastasis and cancer cell progression mediated by several pathways, such as mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and epigenetic regulators. Methods We used Prx6 overexpressed and downregulated HCT116 cells to study the mechanism between Prx6 and colon cancer. The expression of Prx6, GAPDH, Snail, Twist1, E-cadherin, Vimentin, N-cadherin, ERK, p-ERK, p38, p-p38, JNK, and p-JNK were detected by Western blotting. Additionally, an animal study for xenograft assay was conducted to explore the function of Prx6 on tumorigenesis. Cell proliferation and migration were determined by IncuCyte Cell Proliferation and colony formation assays. Results We confirmed that the expression of Prx6 and EMT signaling highly occurs in HCT116 compared with that in other colon cancer cell lines. Prx6 regulates the EMT signaling pathway by modulating EMT-related transcriptional repressors and mesenchymal genes in HCT116 colon cancer cells. Under the Prx6-overexpressed condition, HCT116 cells proliferation increased significantly. Moreover, the HCT116 cells proliferation decreased in the siPrx6-treated cells. Eleven days after HCT116 cell injection, Prx6 was overexpressed in the HCT116-injected mice, and the tumor volume increased significantly compared with that of the control mice. Furthermore, Prx6 regulates EMT signaling through p38 phosphorylation in colon cancer cells. Conclusion We suggested that Prx6 regulates EMT signaling pathway through p38 phosphorylation modulation in HCT116 colon cancer cells. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40709-021-00153-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Unbin Chae
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Bokyung Kim
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - HanSeop Kim
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, 28116, Republic of Korea.,School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ho Park
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, 28116, Republic of Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hwan Lee
- National Primate Research Center (NPRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Uk Kim
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, 28116, Republic of Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Seok Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Burns TA. "Feeding the Foot": Nutritional Influences on Equine Hoof Health. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 2021; 37:669-684. [PMID: 34674915 DOI: 10.1016/j.cveq.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrition plays an important role in equine health, including that of the foot. Deficiencies and excesses of dietary components can affect the growth and function of the foot and have been associated with important podiatric diseases. The recognition, prevention, and treatment of specific notable nutritional diseases of the foot are discussed, as well as information regarding specific ingredients included in supplements meant to improve equine hoof quality. Ensuring provision of a balanced diet, maintaining horses in appropriate body condition, and seeking guidance from an equine nutritionist when creating dietary recommendations will prevent most equine foot disease related to nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa A Burns
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Zhao L, Chen H, Wu L, Li Z, Zhang R, Zeng Y, Yang T, Ruan H. LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 promotes the development of diabetic nephropathy by regulating miR-93-5p/ROCK2 axis. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2021; 13:108. [PMID: 34654473 PMCID: PMC8518197 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-021-00726-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to play vital roles in diabetic nephropathy (DN). The aim of this study was to explore the function of mechanism of lncRNA KCNQ1 opposite strand/antisense transcript 1 (KCNQ1OT1) in DN. METHODS DN cell models were established using high glucose (HG) treatment in human glomerular mesangial cells (HGMC) and human renal glomerular endothelial cells (HRGEC). The expression levels of KCNQ1OT1, microRNA-93-5p (miR-93-5p), and Rho associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2 (ROCK2) mRNA was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometry were used to detect cell proliferation and apoptosis, respectively. ROCK2 and apoptosis/fibrosis-related protein levels were examined by western blot. The predicted interaction between miR-93-5p and KCNQ1OT1 or ROCK2 was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. RESULTS KCNQ1OT1 was upregulated in DN patients and DN cell models. KCNQ1OT1 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation and fibrosis and induced apoptosis in DN cell models. MiR-93-5p was a direct target of KCNQ1OT1, and miR-93-5p inhibition restored the KCNQ1OT1 knockdown-mediated effects on cell proliferation, fibrosis and apoptosis in DN cell models. In addition, ROCK2 was identified as a target of miR-93-5p, and miR-93-5p overexpression suppressed cell proliferation and fibrosis and accelerated apoptosis by targeting ROCK2 in DN cell models. Moreover, KCNQ1OT1 regulated ROCK2 expression by binding to miR-93-5p. CONCLUSION KCNQ1OT1 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation and fibrosis and induced apoptosis in DN by regulating miR-93-5p/ROCK2 axis, providing potential value for the treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaqian Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Sinopharm Hanjiang Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengdong Li
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hualing Ruan
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhangwan District, Affiliated Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, No. 16 Daling Road, Shiyan, Hubei, China.
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Yu D, Yang X, Zhu Y, Xu F, Zhang H, Qiu Z. Knockdown of plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) inhibits high glucose-induced proliferation and renal fibrosis in HRMCs by regulating miR-23b-3p/early growth response factor 1 (EGR1). Endocr J 2021; 68:519-529. [PMID: 33408314 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej20-0642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to play critical role in the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, the effects and mechanism of plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) remain poorly understood. The expression of PVT1, miR-23b-3p, early growth response factor 1 (EGR1), Fibronectin (FN), Collagen IV (Col IV), alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), E-cadherin, and vimentin, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 was examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell proliferation was assessed by Cell Counting-8 (CCK-8) assay. Western blot assay was conducted to measure the protein levels of FN, Col IV, E-cadherin, α-SMA, vimentin, TGF-β1, and EGR1. The interaction between miR-23b-3p and PVT1 or EGR1 was predicted by starBase or TargetScan and confirmed by the dual luciferase reporter assay. The oxidative stress factors were analyzed by corresponding kits. We found that the expression of PVT1 and EGR1 was increased and miR-23b-3p was decreased in serum samples of DN patients and HG-induced HRMCs. Knockdown of PVT1 significantly inhibited HG-induced proliferation, extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and oxidative stress in HRMCs, while these effects were abated by inhibiting miR-23b-3p. In addition, EGR1 was confirmed as downstream target of miR-23b-3p and miR-23b-3p could specially bind to PVT1. Besides, downregulation of PVT1 inhibited the progression of DN partially via upregulating miR-23b-3p and downregulating EGR1. In conclusion, our results suggested that PVT1 knockdown suppressed DN progression though functioning as ceRNA of miR-23b-3p to regulate EGR1 expression in vitro, providing potential value for the treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Lanzhou New District, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaohong Yang
- Department of Nursing, The First People's Hospital of Lanzhou New District, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yong Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Lanzhou New District, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Fenyan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Lanzhou New District, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Lanzhou New District, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhiqiang Qiu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Lanzhou New District, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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21
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Protective Effects of Swertiamarin against Methylglyoxal-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Improving Oxidative Stress in Rat Kidney Epithelial (NRK-52E) Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092748. [PMID: 34067107 PMCID: PMC8125635 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased blood glucose in diabetic individuals results in the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), causing various adverse effects on kidney cells, thereby leading to diabetic nephropathy (DN). In this study, the antiglycative potential of Swertiamarin (SM) isolated from the methanolic extract of E. littorale was explored. The effect of SM on protein glycation was studied by incubating bovine serum albumin with fructose at 60 °C in the presence and absence of different concentrations of swertiamarin for 24 h. For comparative analysis, metformin was also used at similar concentrations as SM. Further, to understand the role of SM in preventing DN, in vitro studies using NRK-52E cells were done by treating cells with methylglyoxal (MG) in the presence and absence of SM. SM showed better antiglycative potential as compared to metformin. In addition, SM could prevent the MG mediated pathogenesis in DN by reducing levels of argpyrimidine, oxidative stress and epithelial mesenchymal transition in kidney cells. SM also downregulated the expression of interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β. This study, for the first time, reports the antiglycative potential of SM and also provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms by which SM prevents toxicity of MG on rat kidney cells.
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22
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Astragaloside IV attenuates high glucose-induced EMT by inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad pathway in renal proximal tubular epithelial cells. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:225214. [PMID: 32515466 PMCID: PMC7313447 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we examined the molecular mechanism of astragaloside IV (AS-IV) in high glucose (HG)-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTCs). NRK-52E cell viability and apoptosis were determined by the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometric analysis, respectively. Expressions of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, vimentin, and occludin were measured by Western blot, and those of E-cadherin and N-cadherin were additionally measured by immunofluorescence analysis. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expressions were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. The expressions of Smad2, Smad3, phosphorylated-Smad2 (p-Smad2), and p-Smad3 were measured using Western blot. We found that AS-IV could recover NRK-52E cell viability and inhibit HG-induced cell apoptosis. TGF-β1, α-SMA, Smad2, Smad3, p-Smad2, and p-Smad3 expressions were decreased in the AS-IV-treated groups compared with the HG group. Moreover, the expressions of E-cadherin and occludin were remarkably up-regulated and those of N-cadherin and vimentin were down-regulated in the AS-IV-treated groups compared with the HG group. Interestingly, the TGF-β1 activator SRI-011381 hydrochloride had an antagonistic effect to AS-IV on HG-induced EMT behavior. In conclusion, AS-IV attenuates HG-induced EMT by inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad pathway in renal PTCs.
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23
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Liu D, Liu F, Li Z, Pan S, Xie J, Zhao Z, Liu Z, Zhang J, Liu Z. HNRNPA1-mediated exosomal sorting of miR-483-5p out of renal tubular epithelial cells promotes the progression of diabetic nephropathy-induced renal interstitial fibrosis. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:255. [PMID: 33692334 PMCID: PMC7946926 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03460-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious complication in type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and renal interstitial fibrosis plays a key role in DN progression. Here, we aimed to probe into the role and potential mechanism of miR-483-5p in DN-induced renal interstitial fibrosis. In this study, we corroborated that miR-483-5p expression was lessened in type 1 and type 2 diabetic mice kidney tissues and high glucose (HG)-stimulated tubular epithelial cells (TECs), and raised in the exosomes derived from renal tissues in type 1 and type 2 diabetic mice. miR-483-5p restrained the expressions of fibrosis-related genes in vitro and renal interstitial fibrosis in vivo. Mechanistically, miR-483-5p bound both TIMP2 and MAPK1, and TIMP2 and MAPK1 were bound up with the regulation of miR-483-5p on renal TECs under HG conditions. Importantly, HNRNPA1-mediated exosomal sorting transported cellular miR-483-5p out of TECs into the urine. Our results expounded that HNRNPA1-mediated exosomal sorting transported cellular miR-483-5p out of TECs into the urine, thus lessening the restraint of cellular miR-483-5p on MAPK1 and TIMP2 mRNAs, and ultimately boosting extracellular matrix deposition and the progression of DN-induced renal interstitial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- DongWei Liu
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
- Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Medical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
| | - FengXun Liu
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
- Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Medical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
| | - ZhengYong Li
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
- Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Medical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
| | - ShaoKang Pan
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
- Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Medical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
| | - JunWei Xie
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
- Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Medical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
| | - ZiHao Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
- Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Medical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
| | - ZhenJie Liu
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
- Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Medical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
| | - JiaHui Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
- Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Medical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
| | - ZhangSuo Liu
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China.
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China.
- Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China.
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China.
- Core Unit of National Clinical Medical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China.
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24
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Zonneveld MI, van Herwijnen MJC, Fernandez-Gutierrez MM, Giovanazzi A, de Groot AM, Kleinjan M, van Capel TMM, Sijts AJAM, Taams LS, Garssen J, de Jong EC, Kleerebezem M, Nolte-'t Hoen ENM, Redegeld FA, Wauben MHM. Human milk extracellular vesicles target nodes in interconnected signalling pathways that enhance oral epithelial barrier function and dampen immune responses. J Extracell Vesicles 2021; 10:e12071. [PMID: 33732416 PMCID: PMC7944547 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal milk is nature's first functional food. It plays a crucial role in the development of the infant's gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the immune system. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous population of lipid bilayer enclosed vesicles released by cells for intercellular communication and are a component of milk. Recently, we discovered that human milk EVs contain a unique proteome compared to other milk components. Here, we show that physiological concentrations of milk EVs support epithelial barrier function by increasing cell migration via the p38 MAPK pathway. Additionally, milk EVs inhibit agonist‐induced activation of endosomal Toll like receptors TLR3 and TLR9. Furthermore, milk EVs directly inhibit activation of CD4+ T cells by temporarily suppressing T cell activation without inducing tolerance. We show that milk EV proteins target key hotspots of signalling networks that can modulate cellular processes in various cell types of the GI tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijke I Zonneveld
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands.,Division of Pharmacology Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty of Science Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Martijn J C van Herwijnen
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
| | | | - Alberta Giovanazzi
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Anne Marit de Groot
- Division of Infectious Diseases & Immunology Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Marije Kleinjan
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Toni M M van Capel
- Department of Experimental Immunology Academic Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands Centre for inflammation University of Amsterdam Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute (AI&II) Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Alice J A M Sijts
- Division of Infectious Diseases & Immunology Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Leonie S Taams
- Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology Department of Inflammation Biology School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences King's College London London UK
| | - Johan Garssen
- Division of Pharmacology Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty of Science Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands.,Global Centre of Excellence Immunology Danone Nutricia Research Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Esther C de Jong
- Department of Experimental Immunology Academic Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands Centre for inflammation University of Amsterdam Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute (AI&II) Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Michiel Kleerebezem
- Host-Microbe Interactomics Group Department of Animal Sciences Wageningen University Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Esther N M Nolte-'t Hoen
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Frank A Redegeld
- Division of Pharmacology Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty of Science Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Marca H M Wauben
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
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25
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O'Connell CE, Vassilev A. Combined Inhibition of p38MAPK and PIKfyve Synergistically Disrupts Autophagy to Selectively Target Cancer Cells. Cancer Res 2021; 81:2903-2917. [PMID: 33685990 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-3371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
In nutrient-poor conditions, autophagy buffers metabolic stress and counteracts the effects of chemotherapy and radiation on cancer cells, which depend on autophagy for survival. However, clinical trials targeting autophagy have failed to produce successful anticancer treatments using currently available inhibitors. Recent studies have shown that PIKfyve kinase inhibitors disrupt lysosome function in autophagy and can selectively kill certain cancer cells. Analysis of biochemical changes caused by PIKfyve inhibition revealed that resistant cells contain significantly higher levels of cellular p38MAPK protein and phosphorylation. Expression of the lysosomal protein, lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2, carrying phosphomimetic mutations of the p38MAPK phosphorylation sites prevented all effects caused by PIKfyve inhibition-induced lysosome dysfunction. Thus, the activation of p38MAPK in response to PIKfyve inhibition revealed a novel compensatory role in maintaining lysosome function in autophagy. The functional cooperation between the cellular PIKfyve and p38MAPK pathways in regulating lysosome homeostasis was especially important in cancer cells. Combined inhibition of PIKfyve and p38MAPK activities synergistically blocked autophagy-mediated protein degradation, prevented cathepsin maturation, and markedly reduced the viability of multiple cancer cell types without affecting the viability of normal cells. Furthermore, combined PIKfyve and p38MAPK inhibitors synergistically reduced tumor growth in mice bearing xenografts of human colorectal adenocarcinoma, suggesting a novel way to target cancer cells by prolonged inhibition of autophagy using lower drug concentrations. SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrates that PIKfyve and p38MAPK cooperate to regulate lysosome homeostasis and their combined inhibition synergistically blocks autophagy to reduce cancer cell viability in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alex Vassilev
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
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26
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Zhang J, Deng Y, Khoo BL. Fasting to enhance Cancer treatment in models: the next steps. J Biomed Sci 2020; 27:58. [PMID: 32370764 PMCID: PMC7201989 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-020-00651-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Short-term fasting (STF) is a technique to reduce nutrient intake for a specific period. Since metabolism plays a pivotal role in tumor progression, it can be hypothesized that STF can improve the efficacy of chemotherapy. Recent studies have demonstrated the efficacy of STF in cell and animal tumor models. However, large-scale clinical trials must be conducted to verify the safety and effectiveness of these diets. In this review, we re-examine the concept of how metabolism affects pathophysiological pathways. Next, we provided a comprehensive discussion of the specific mechanisms of STF on tumor progression, derived through studies carried out with tumor models. There are currently at least four active clinical trials on fasting and cancer treatment. Based on these studies, we highlight the potential caveats of fasting in clinical applications, including the onset of metabolic syndrome and other metabolic complications during chemotherapy, with a particular focus on the regulation of the epithelial to mesenchymal pathway and cancer heterogeneity. We further discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the current state-of-art tumor models for assessing the impact of STF on cancer treatment. Finally, we explored upcoming fasting strategies that could complement existing chemotherapy and immunotherapy strategies to enable personalized medicine. Overall, these studies have the potential for breakthroughs in cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Yanlin Deng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Bee Luan Khoo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong.
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27
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Geng XQ, Ma A, He JZ, Wang L, Jia YL, Shao GY, Li M, Zhou H, Lin SQ, Ran JH, Yang BX. Ganoderic acid hinders renal fibrosis via suppressing the TGF-β/Smad and MAPK signaling pathways. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2020; 41:670-677. [PMID: 31804606 PMCID: PMC7468553 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-019-0324-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is considered as the pathway of almost all kinds of chronic kidney diseases (CKD) to the end stage of renal diseases (ESRD). Ganoderic acid (GA) is a group of lanostane triterpenes isolated from Ganoderma lucidum, which has shown a variety of pharmacological activities. In this study we investigated whether GA exerted antirenal fibrosis effect in a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mouse model. After UUO surgery, the mice were treated with GA (3.125, 12.5, and 50 mg· kg-1 ·d-1, ip) for 7 or 14 days. Then the mice were sacrificed for collecting blood and kidneys. We showed that GA treatment dose-dependently attenuated UUO-induced tubular injury and renal fibrosis; GA (50 mg· kg-1 ·d-1) significantly ameliorated renal disfunction during fibrosis progression. We further revealed that GA treatment inhibited the extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in the kidney by suppressing the expression of fibronectin, mainly through hindering the over activation of TGF-β/Smad signaling. On the other hand, GA treatment significantly decreased the expression of mesenchymal cell markers alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and vimentin, and upregulated E-cadherin expression in the kidney, suggesting the suppression of tubular epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) partially via inhibiting both TGF-β/Smad and MAPK (ERK, JNK, p38) signaling pathways. The inhibitory effects of GA on TGF-β/Smad and MAPK signaling pathways were confirmed in TGF-β1-stimulated HK-2 cell model. GA-A, a GA monomer, was identified as a potent inhibitor on renal fibrosis in vitro. These data demonstrate that GA or GA-A might be developed as a potential therapeutic agent in the treatment of renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qiang Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jin-Zhao He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Liang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ying-Li Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Guang-Ying Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Shu-Qian Lin
- Fuzhou Institute of Green Valley Bio-Pharm Technology, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- JUNCAO Technology Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jian-Hua Ran
- Department of Anatomy, and Laboratory of Neuroscience and Tissue Engineering, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Bao-Xue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China.
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28
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Aluksanasuwan S, Plumworasawat S, Malaitad T, Chaiyarit S, Thongboonkerd V. High glucose induces phosphorylation and oxidation of mitochondrial proteins in renal tubular cells: A proteomics approach. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5843. [PMID: 32246012 PMCID: PMC7125224 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62665-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been thought to play roles in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, precise mechanisms underlying mitochondrial dysfunction in DN remained unclear. Herein, mitochondria were isolated from renal tubular cells after exposure to normal glucose (5.5 mM glucose), high glucose (25 mM glucose), or osmotic control (5.5 mM glucose + 19.5 mM mannitol) for 96 h. Comparative proteomic analysis revealed six differentially expressed proteins among groups that were subsequently identified by tandem mass spectrometry (nanoLC-ESI-ETD MS/MS) and confirmed by Western blotting. Several various types of post-translational modifications (PTMs) were identified in all of these identified proteins. Interestingly, phosphorylation and oxidation were most abundant in mitochondrial proteins whose levels were exclusively increased in high glucose condition. The high glucose-induced increases in phosphorylation and oxidation of mitochondrial proteins were successfully confirmed by various assays including MS/MS analyses. Moreover, high glucose also increased levels of phosphorylated ezrin, intracellular ATP and ROS, all of which could be abolished by a p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB239063), implicating a role of p38 MAPK-mediated phosphorylation in high glucose-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. These data indicate that phosphorylation and oxidation of mitochondrial proteins are, at least in part, involved in mitochondrial dysfunction in renal tubular cells during DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siripat Aluksanasuwan
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Sirikanya Plumworasawat
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Thanyalak Malaitad
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Sakdithep Chaiyarit
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
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29
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Role of p300 in the pathogenesis of Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis and as a new target of glucocorticoid therapy in mice. Chin Med J (Engl) 2020; 132:1942-1950. [PMID: 31365430 PMCID: PMC6708694 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) is a very common secondary kidney disease of childhood. Its pathogenesis and the treatment mechanism of glucocorticoid have not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between p300 and the pathogenesis, glucocorticoid therapy in mice with HSPN, respectively. Methods: Forty-eight C57BL/6N male mice, weighing 18 to 20 g, were selected (3–4 weeks old, n = 8 per group). The mice in the normal control group (Group I) were given normal solvent and the HSPN model group (Group II) were given sensitizing drugs. The mice in Group III were injected intraperitoneally with dexamethasone after being given sensitizing drugs. Meanwhile, mice in Groups IV, V and VI with conditional knockout of p300 were also given normal solvent, sensitizing drugs and dexamethasone. The levels of serum IgA, creatinine, and circulating immune complex (CIC) concentrations, 24 h urinary protein and urinary erythrocyte in C57 wild mice, and p300 conditional knockout mice in each group were measured. The expression of p300 in renal tissues and the expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) α and β, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, and activator protein (AP)-1 after dexamethasone treatment were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. Results: Compared with the normal solvent control group (Group I), the expression of p300 mRNA in the model group (Group II) was significantly up-regulated. Western blotting further confirmed the result. Urinary erythrocyte count, 24 h urinary protein quantification, serum IgA, CIC, and renal pathologic score in Group V were distinctly decreased compared with non-knockout mice in Group II (9.7 ± 3.8 per high-power field [/HP] vs. 18.7 ± 6.2/HP, t = 1.828, P = 0.043; 0.18 ± 0.06 g/24 h vs. 0.36 ± 0.08 g/24 h, t = 1.837, P = 0.042; 18.78 ± 0.85 mg/mL vs. 38.46 ± 0.46 mg/mL, t = 1.925, P = 0.038; 0.80 ± 0.27 μg/mL vs. 1.64 ± 0.47 μg/mL, t = 1.892, P = 0.041; 7.0 ± 0.5 vs. 18.0 ± 0.5, t = 1.908, P = 0.039). Compared with non-knockout mice (Group III), the level of urinary erythrocyte count and serum IgA in knockout mice (Group VI) increased significantly after treatment with dexamethasone (3.7 ± 0.6/HP vs. 9.2 ± 3.5/HP, t = 2.186, P = 0.024; 12.38 ± 0.26 mg/mL vs. 27.85 ± 0.65 mg/mL, t = 1.852, P = 0.041). The expression level of GRα was considerably increased in the knockout group after dexamethasone treatment compared with non-knockout mice in mRNA and protein level (t = 2.085, P = 0.026; t = 1.928, P = 0.035), but there was no statistically significant difference in the expression level of GRβ between condition knockout and non-knockout mice (t = 0.059, P = 0.087; t = 0.038, P = 1.12). Furthermore, the expression levels of glucocorticoid resistance genes (AP-1 and TGF-β1) were notably increased after p300 knockout compared with non-knockout mice in mRNA and protein level (TGF-β1: t = 1.945, P = 0.034; t = 1.902, P = 0.039; AP-1: t = 1.914, P = 0.038; t = 1.802, P = 0.041). Conclusions: p300 plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of HSPN. p300 can down-regulate the expression of resistance genes (AP-1 and TGF-β1) by binding with GRα to prevent further renal injury and glucocorticoid resistance. Therefore, p300 is a promising new target in glucocorticoid therapy in HSPN.
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LNCRNA CDKN2B-AS1 regulates mesangial cell proliferation and extracellular matrix accumulation via miR-424-5p/HMGA2 axis. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 121:109622. [PMID: 31707340 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous study has demonstrated that long noncoding RNA cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2B antisense RNA 1 (CDKN2B-AS1) was abnormally expressed in diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, the underlying mechanism that allows CDKN2B-AS1 in the progression of DN remains to be further elucidated. METHODS Peripheral blood cells of 24 diabetes patients with DN and 20 without DN were collected. Human glomerular mesangial cells (HGMC) were cultured in high glucose or low glucose medium. The expression levels of CDKN2B-AS1, microRNA (miR)-424-5p and high mobility group AT hook 2 (HMGA2) were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction or western blot. The target association between miR-424-5p and CDKN2B-AS1 or HMGA2 was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation assays. Cell proliferation, extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling were investigated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and western blot, respectively. RESULTS CDKN2B-AS1 expression was up-regulated and miR-424-5p level was down-regulated in peripheral blood of DN patients and high glucose-treated HGMC cells. CDKN2B-AS1 was validated as a sponge of miR-424-5p. Silence of CDKN2B-AS1 repressed proliferation and ECM accumulation by increasing miR-424-5p. HMGA2 was a target of miR-424-5p and miR-424-5p overexpression inhibited proliferation, ECM accumulation and PI3K/AKT pathway by targeting HMGA2. Moreover, knockdown of CDKN2B-AS1 inhibited HMGA2 expression and PI3K/AKT pathway by increasing miR-424-5p. CONCLUSION Knockdown of CDKN2B-AS1 suppressed proliferation, ECM accumulation and PI3K/AKT signaling by increasing miR-424-5p and decreasing HMGA2 in high glucose-treated HMGC cells.
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Liu Y, Chen S, Liu J, Jin Y, Yu S, An R. Telmisartan inhibits oxalate and calcium oxalate crystal-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transformation via PPAR-γ-AKT/STAT3/p38 MAPK-Snail pathway. Life Sci 2019; 241:117108. [PMID: 31786192 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Telmisartan (TLM), a highly selective angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker (ARB) and partial PPAR-γ agonist, has versatile beneficial effects against oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammatory responses and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, its underlying mechanism of inhibiting oxalate and calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystal-induced EMT by activating the PPAR-γ pathway remains unclear. MAIN METHODS CCK-8 assays were used to evaluate the effects of TLM on cell viability. In addition, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were measured by the cell-permeable fluorogenic probe 2,7-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA). Wound-healing and Transwell assays were used to evaluate the migration ability of HK2 cells exposed to oxalate. Moreover, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry and western blotting were used to examine the expression of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, vimentin and α-SMA and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms in HK2 cells and a stone-forming rat model. KEY FINDINGS Our results showed that TLM treatment could protect HK2 cells from oxalate-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress injury. Additionally, TLM prevented EMT induction by oxalate and CaOx crystals via the PPAR-γ-AKT/STAT3/p38 MAPK-Snail pathway in vitro and in vivo. However, knockdown of PPAR-γ with small interfering RNA or the PPAR-γ-specific antagonist GW9662 abrogated these protective effects of TLM. SIGNIFICANCE As a PPAR-γ agonist, TLM can ameliorate oxalate and CaOx crystal-induced EMT by exerting an antioxidant effect through the PPAR-γ-AKT/STAT3/p38 MAPK-Snail signaling pathway. Therefore, TLM can block EMT progression and could be a potential therapeutic agent for preventing and treating calcium oxalate urolithiasis formation and recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No.23 You Zheng Street, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Song Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No.23 You Zheng Street, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jiannan Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No.23 You Zheng Street, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yinshan Jin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No.23 You Zheng Street, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shiliang Yu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No.23 You Zheng Street, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Ruihua An
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No.23 You Zheng Street, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
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Dong Z, Sun Y, Wei G, Li S, Zhao Z. A Nucleoside/Nucleobase-Rich Extract from Cordyceps Sinensis Inhibits the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Protects against Renal Fibrosis in Diabetic Nephropathy. Molecules 2019; 24:E4119. [PMID: 31739543 PMCID: PMC6891521 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24224119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cordyceps Sinensis, a traditional Chinese medicine and a healthy food, has been used for the treatment of kidney disease for a long time. The aim of present study was to isolate a nucleoside/nucleobase-rich extract from Cordyceps Sinensis (CS-N), determine the contents of nucleosides and nucleobases, and explore its anti-diabetic nephropathy activity. CS-N was isolated and purified by using microporous resin and glucan columns and the unknown compounds were identified by using HPLC-DAD and LC-MS. The effects of CS-N on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), extracellular matrix (ECM) depositions, and the MAPK signaling pathway were evaluated in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice and high glucose (HG)-exposed HK-2 cells. CS-N significantly attenuated the abnormity of renal functional parameters, ameliorated histopathological changes, and inhibited EMT and ECM accumulation by regulating p38/ERK signaling pathways. Our findings indicate that CS-N exerts a therapeutic effect on experimental diabetic renal fibrosis by mitigating the EMT and the subsequent ECM deposition with inhibition of p38 and ERK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Dong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, China; (Z.D.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yueyue Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, China; (Z.D.); (Y.S.)
| | - Guangwei Wei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, China;
| | - Siying Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, China;
| | - Zhongxi Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, China; (Z.D.); (Y.S.)
- Shandong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Jujube Food and Drug, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, China
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Zhuang L, Jin G, Hu X, Yang Q, Shi Z. The inhibition of SGK1 suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition and promotes renal tubular epithelial cell autophagy in diabetic nephropathy. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:4946-4956. [PMID: 31497211 PMCID: PMC6731399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common complication of diabetes that is the dominant cause of end-stage renal disease. However, the pathological mechanism of DN is yet to be elucidated. Serum and glucocorticoid induced kinase (SGK) 1, a ubiquitously expressed kinase, was employed in the current study to assess its effect on DN in vivo and in vitro. Male BALB/C mice and a human tubular epithelial cell line (HK-2) were utilized for experimentation. Male BALB/C mice and a human tubular epithelial cell line (HK-2) were utilized for experimentation. Pathological changes were measured via HE and staining and immunohistochemistry was performed to measure the expression of SGK 1. An SGK1 inhibitor, GSK650394, was applied to analyze the role of SGK1 in HK-2 cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Associated protein expressions were assessed via western blotting. In addition, migration was measured using a scratch wound healing assay. 3-methyladenine (3-MA), an autophagy inhibitor, was used to determine the variation of autophagy following SGK1 inhibition. The expression of autophagy proteins were analyzed. Furthermore, the expression of PI3K, AKT, mTOR and their levels of phosphorylation were measured. The results revealed that the ultrastructure of renal tissue suffered damage and that the expression of SGK1 was markedly increased. After SGK1 inhibition, HK-2 cell EMT was suppressed and cell migration was attenuated. Furthermore, the autophagy of HK-2 cells was promoted, an increased expression of Beclin-1 and LC3 II was detected, and a decreased expression of p62 was observed. Additionally, the phosphorylation of PI3K, AKT and mTOR were markedly upregulated. The results indicated that blocking autophagy signaling via 3-MA muted SGK1-protected against HG-evoked cell injury. Our study demonstrated that SGK1 inhibition promoted autophagy and suppressed renal tubular epithelial cell EMT in DN, indicating that SGK1 may serve as a potential therapeutic target of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Langen Zhuang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College Bengbu 233004, Anhui, China
| | - Guoxi Jin
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College Bengbu 233004, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaolei Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College Bengbu 233004, Anhui, China
| | - Qingqing Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College Bengbu 233004, Anhui, China
| | - Zhaoming Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College Bengbu 233004, Anhui, China
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Du M, Zhuang Y, Tan P, Yu Z, Zhang X, Wang A. microRNA-95 knockdown inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cell phenotype in gastric cancer cells through MAPK pathway by upregulating DUSP5. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:944-956. [PMID: 31309567 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the role of microRNA-95 (miR-95) in gastric cancer (GC) and to elucidate the underlying mechanism. Initially, bioinformatic prediction was used to predict the differentially expressed genes and related miRNAs in GC. miR-95 and DUSP5 expression was altered in GC cell line (MGC803) to evaluate their respective effects on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, cellular processes (cell proliferation, migration, invasion, cell cycle, and apoptosis), cancer stem cell (CSC) phenotype, as well as tumor growth ability. It was further predicted in bioinformatic prediction and verified in GC tissue and cell line experiments that miR-95 was highly expressed in GC. miR-95 negatively regulated DUSP5, which resulted in the MAPK pathway activation. Inhibited miR-95 or overexpressed DUSP5 was observed to inhibit the levels of CSC markers (CD133, CD44, ALDH1, and Lgr5), highlighting the inhibitory role in the CSC phenotype. More important, evidence was obtained demonstrating that miR-95 knockdown or DUSP5 upregulation exerted an inhibitory effect on the EMT process, cellular processes, and tumor growth. Together these results, miR-95 knockdown inhibited GC development via DUSP5-dependent MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Du
- Department of Oncology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Yuan Zhuang
- Histology and Embryology Teaching and Research Section, Shandong Medical College, Linyi, China
| | - Peng Tan
- Internal Medicine Teaching and Research Section, Shandong Medical College, Linyi, China
| | - Zongbu Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Xiutian Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Aihua Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
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Zhang X, Yang Z, Heng Y, Miao C. MicroRNA‑181 exerts an inhibitory role during renal fibrosis by targeting early growth response factor‑1 and attenuating the expression of profibrotic markers. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:3305-3313. [PMID: 30816527 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressive renal fibrosis is a common complication of chronic kidney disease that results in end‑stage renal disorder. It is well established that several microRNAs (miRs) function as critical regulators implicated in fibrotic diseases. However, the role of miR‑181 in the development and progression of renal fibrosis remains unclear, and the precise mechanism has not yet been fully defined. The present study identified the functional implications of miR‑181 expression during renal fibrosis. miR‑181 exhibited significantly reduced expression in the serum of renal fibrosis patients and in the kidneys of mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). In addition, miR‑181 downregulated the expression of human α‑smooth muscle actin (α‑SMA) in response to angiotensin II stimulation. Transfection with miR‑181 mimics significantly suppressed the expression levels of α‑SMA, connective tissue growth factor, collagen type I α1 (COL1A1) and collagen type III α1 (COL3A1) in NRK49F cells. Notably, early growth response factor‑1 (Egr1) was identified as a direct target gene of miR‑181. Furthermore, in vivo experiments revealed that treatment with miR‑181 agonist strongly rescued kidney impairment induced by UUO, as supported by Masson's trichrome staining of kidney tissues and reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of COL1A1 and COL3A1 mRNA levels. Therefore, miR‑181 may be regarded as an important mediator in the control of profibrotic markers during renal fibrosis via binding to Egr1, and may be a promising new target in the diagnosis and therapy of renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
| | - Zhenning Yang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Norman Bethune Health Science Center of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P.R. China
| | - Yanyan Heng
- Department of Nephrology, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
| | - Congxiu Miao
- Department of Scientific Research, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
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Lu Q, Wang WW, Zhang MZ, Ma ZX, Qiu XR, Shen M, Yin XX. ROS induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the TGF-β1/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in diabetic nephropathy. Exp Ther Med 2018; 17:835-846. [PMID: 30651870 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.7014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been reported to serve an important role in the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of renal tubular epithelial cells promotes renal fibrosis in DN, while the mechanism of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated EMT is not fully understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of high glucose-induced ROS on the activation of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in a normal rat kidney tubular epithelial cell line (NRK-52E) and rats with type 1 diabetes. In vitro, high glucose-stimulated ROS production resulted in increased TGF-β1 expression as well as an increase in the Akt and mTOR phosphorylation ratio, resulting in EMT. When cells were pre-treated with ROS inhibitors, changes in TGF-β1, Akt and mTOR were significantly ameliorated. In vivo, diabetic rats experienced a significant decline in renal function and severe renal fibrosis compared with control rats at 8 weeks following streptozocin injection. Levels of malondialdehyde and TGF-β1/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway activation were increased in the renal cortex of rats with diabetes compared with the control rats. Furthermore, renal fibrosis was further aggravated in DN compared with the control rats. The results of the present study suggest that ROS serves an important role in mediating high glucose-induced EMT and inhibits activation of the TGF-β1/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. ROS may therefore have potential as a treatment approach to prevent renal fibrosis in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Wen Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuxi Higher Health Vocational Technology School, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214000, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Zhu Zhang
- Deparment of Clinical Pharmacy, Changzhou Fourth People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Xuan Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Ran Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Mengli Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Xing Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
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Qi R, Yang C. Renal tubular epithelial cells: the neglected mediator of tubulointerstitial fibrosis after injury. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:1126. [PMID: 30425237 PMCID: PMC6233178 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1157-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis, especially tubulointerstitial fibrosis, is the inevitable outcome of all progressive chronic kidney diseases (CKDs) and exerts a great health burden worldwide. For a long time, interests in renal fibrosis have been concentrated on fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. However, in recent years, growing numbers of studies have focused on the role of tubular epithelial cells (TECs). TECs, rather than a victim or bystander, are probably a neglected mediator in renal fibrosis, responding to a variety of injuries. The maladaptive repair mechanisms of TECs may be the key point in this process. In this review, we will focus on the role of TECs in tubulointerstitial fibrosis. We will follow the fate of a tubular cell and depict the intracellular changes after injury. We will then discuss how the repair mechanism of tubular cells becomes maladaptive, and we will finally discuss the intercellular crosstalk in the interstitium that ultimately proceeds tubulointerstitial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruochen Qi
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, P. R. China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, 200032, Shanghai, P. R. China.
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Song S, Qiu D, Luo F, Wei J, Wu M, Wu H, Du C, Du Y, Ren Y, Chen N, Duan H, Shi Y. Knockdown of NLRP3 alleviates high glucose or TGFB1-induced EMT in human renal tubular cells. J Mol Endocrinol 2018; 61:101-113. [PMID: 30307163 DOI: 10.1530/jme-18-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Tubular injury is one of the crucial determinants of progressive renal failure in diabetic nephropathy (DN), while epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of tubular cells contributes to the accumulation of matrix protein in the diabetic kidney. Activation of the nucleotide binding and oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome leads to the maturation of interleukin (IL)-1B and is involved in the pathogenic mechanisms of diabetes. In this study, we explored the role of NLRP3 inflammasome on high glucose (HG) or transforming growth factor-B1 (TGFB1)-induced EMT in HK-2 cells. We evaluated EMT through the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and E-cadherin as well as the induction of a myofibroblastic phenotype. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) was observed using the confocal microscopy. HG was shown to induce EMT at 48 h, which was blocked by NLRP3 silencing or antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC). We found that NLRP3 interference could inhibit HG-induced ROS. Knockdown of NLRP3 could prevent HG-induced EMT by inhibiting the phosphorylation of SMAD3, P38 MAPK and ERK1/2. In addition, P38 MAPK and ERK1/2 might be involved in HG-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Besides, TGFB1 induced the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and the generation of ROS, which were blocked by NLRP3 interference or NAC. Tubular cells exposed to TGFB1 also underwent EMT, and this could be inhibited by NLRP3 shRNA or NAC. These results indicated that knockdown of NLRP3 antagonized HG-induced EMT by inhibiting ROS production, phosphorylation of SMAD3, P38MAPK and ERK1/2, highlighting NLRP3 as a potential therapy target for diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Song
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Duojun Qiu
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Fengwei Luo
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jinying Wei
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ming Wu
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Haijiang Wu
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chunyang Du
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yunxia Du
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yunzhuo Ren
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Nan Chen
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Huijun Duan
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yonghong Shi
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Shijiazhuang, China
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Hong L, Lai H, Fang Y, Tao Y, Qiu Y. Silencing CTGF/CCN2 inactivates the MAPK signaling pathway to alleviate myocardial fibrosis and left ventricular hypertrophy in rats with dilated cardiomyopathy. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:9519-9531. [PMID: 30129221 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lang Hong
- 2nd Department of Cardiology Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital Nanchang China
| | - Heng‐Li Lai
- 2nd Department of Cardiology Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital Nanchang China
| | - Yan Fang
- 2nd Department of Cardiology Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital Nanchang China
| | - Yu Tao
- 2nd Department of Cardiology Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital Nanchang China
| | - Yun Qiu
- 2nd Department of Cardiology Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital Nanchang China
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Zhang M, Yan Z, Bu L, An C, Wang D, Liu X, Zhang J, Yang W, Deng B, Xie J, Zhang B. Rapeseed protein-derived antioxidant peptide RAP alleviates renal fibrosis through MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathways in diabetic nephropathy. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2018; 12:1255-1268. [PMID: 29795979 PMCID: PMC5958891 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s162288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Kidney fibrosis is the main pathologic change in diabetic nephropathy (DN), which is the major cause of end-stage renal disease. Current therapeutic strategies slow down but cannot reverse the progression of renal dysfunction in DN. Plant-derived bioactive peptides in foodstuffs are widely used in many fields because of their potential pharmaceutical and nutraceutical benefits. However, this type of peptide has not yet been studied in renal fibrosis of DN. Previous studies have indicated that the peptide YWDHNNPQIR (named RAP), a natural peptide derived from rapeseed protein, has an antioxidative stress effect. The oxidative stress is believed to be associated with DN. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pharmacologic effects of RAP against renal fibrosis of DN and high glucose (HG)-induced mesangial dysfunction. Materials and methods Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin and high-fat diet in C57BL/6 mice and these mice were treated by subcutaneous injection of different doses of RAP (0.1 mg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg, every other day) or PBS for 12 weeks. Later, functional and histopathologic analyses were performed. Parallel experiments verifying the molecular mechanism by which RAP alleviates DN were carried out in HG-induced mesangial cells (MCs). Results RAP improved the renal function indices, including 24-h albuminuria, triglyceride, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen levels, but did not lower blood glucose levels in DN mice. RAP also simultaneously attenuated extracellular matrix accumulation in DN mice and HG-induced MCs. Furthermore, RAP reduced HG-induced cell proliferation, but it showed no toxicity in MCs. Additionally, RAP inhibited the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways. Conclusion RAP can attenuate fibrosis in vivo and in vitro by antagonizing the MAPK and NF-κB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyan Zhang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhibin Yan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lili Bu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chunmei An
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenle Yang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bochuan Deng
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Junqiu Xie
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bangzhi Zhang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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41
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Simon-Tillaux N, Hertig A. Snail and kidney fibrosis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2018; 32:224-233. [PMID: 28186539 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfw333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Snail family zinc finger 1 (SNAI1) is a transcription factor expressed during renal embryogenesis, and re-expressed in various settings of acute kidney injury (AKI). Subjected to tight regulation, SNAI1 controls major biological processes responsible for renal fibrogenesis, including mesenchymal reprogramming of tubular epithelial cells, shutdown of fatty acid metabolism, cell cycle arrest and inflammation of the microenvironment surrounding tubular epithelial cells. The present review describes in detail the interactions of SNAI1 with AKI-associated signalling pathways. We also discuss how this central factor has been iteratively (and promisingly) targeted in a number of animal models in order to prevent or slow down renal fibrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Simon-Tillaux
- French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), UMR_S1155, Remodeling and Repair of Renal Tissue, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Hertig
- French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), UMR_S1155, Remodeling and Repair of Renal Tissue, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Paris 06, UMR S_1155, Paris, France
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42
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TGF-β Family Signaling in Ductal Differentiation and Branching Morphogenesis. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2018; 10:cshperspect.a031997. [PMID: 28289061 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a031997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial cells contribute to the development of various vital organs by generating tubular and/or glandular architectures. The fully developed forms of ductal organs depend on processes of branching morphogenesis, whereby frequency, total number, and complexity of the branching tissue define the final architecture in the organ. Some ductal tissues, like the mammary gland during pregnancy and lactation, disintegrate and regenerate through periodic cycles. Differentiation of branched epithelia is driven by antagonistic actions of parallel growth factor systems that mediate epithelial-mesenchymal communication. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family members and their extracellular antagonists are prominently involved in both normal and disease-associated (e.g., malignant or fibrotic) ductal tissue patterning. Here, we discuss collective knowledge that permeates the roles of TGF-β family members in the control of the ductal tissues in the vertebrate body.
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Wang L, Bai YY, Yang Y, Hu F, Wang Y, Yu Z, Cheng Z, Zhou J. Diabetes mellitus stimulates pancreatic cancer growth and epithelial-mesenchymal transition-mediated metastasis via a p38 MAPK pathway. Oncotarget 2018; 7:38539-38550. [PMID: 27413117 PMCID: PMC5122409 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and its accompanying chronic inflammation promote tumor progression. p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is an essential kinase for inflammation. The effects of p38 MAPK on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-mediated diabetic pancreatic cancer metastasis remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that p38 MAPK phosphorylation was significantly increased in pancreatic cancer cells treated with high glucose and in pancreatic tumors from diabetic animals. A p38 MAPK inhibitor significantly suppressed the proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells under high-glucose conditions. Moreover, p38 MAPK inhibition not only significantly decreased both the tumor volume monitored by magnetic resonance imaging and EMT-related metastasis but also increased the survival of diabetic mice bearing pancreatic tumors. Furthermore, the inflammation in diabetic animals bearing pancreatic tumors was also significantly lower after therapy. Collectively, our findings reveal that p38 MAPK inhibitors may provide a novel intervention strategy for diabetic pancreatic cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying-Ying Bai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangfang Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yonghui Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zeqian Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhangjun Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiahua Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Chang PJ, Yang YH, Chen PC, Chen LW, Wang SS, Shih YJ, Chen LY, Chen CJ, Hung CH, Lin CL. Diabetes and risk of Kaposi's sarcoma: effects of high glucose on reactivation and infection of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. Oncotarget 2017; 8:80595-80611. [PMID: 29113328 PMCID: PMC5655223 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with diabetes are generally prone to pathogen infection and tumor progression. Here, we investigated the potential association between diabetes and Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), a tumor linked to infection with Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). By using Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database, we found that diabetes is statistically associated with increased risk of KS in a case-control study. Since a high level of blood sugar is the hallmark of diabetes, we determined whether high glucose promotes both KSHV reactivation and infection, which are crucial for KS pathogenesis. Our results showed that high glucose significantly increases lytic reactivation of KSHV but not Epstein-Barr virus, another related human oncogenic gammaherpesvirus, in latently infected cells. Activation of the transcription factor AP1 by high glucose is critically required for the onset of KSHV lytic reactivation. We also demonstrated that high glucose enhances susceptibility of various target cells to KSHV infection. Particularly, in endothelial and epithelial cells, levels of specific cellular receptors for KSHV entry, including integrin α3β1 and xCT/CD98, are elevated under high glucose conditions, which correlate with the enhanced cell susceptibility to infection. Taken together, our studies implicate that the high-glucose microenvironment may be an important predisposing factor for KS development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pey-Jium Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Nephrology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Kidney and Diabetic Complications Research Team (KDCRT), Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Hsu Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Center of Excellence for Chang Gung Research Datalink, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pau-Chung Chen
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Wen Chen
- Department of Respiratory Care, Chang-Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Shie-Shan Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ju Shih
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yu Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Jen Chen
- Center of Excellence for Chang Gung Research Datalink, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hui Hung
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Liang Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Kidney and Diabetic Complications Research Team (KDCRT), Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
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Aluksanasuwan S, Khamchun S, Thongboonkerd V. Targeted functional investigations guided by integrative proteome network analysis revealed significant perturbations of renal tubular cell functions induced by high glucose. Proteomics 2017; 17. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201700151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siripat Aluksanasuwan
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development; and Graduate Program in Immunology, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital; and Center for Research in Complex Systems Science; Mahidol University; Bangkok Thailand
| | - Supaporn Khamchun
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development; and Graduate Program in Immunology, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital; and Center for Research in Complex Systems Science; Mahidol University; Bangkok Thailand
| | - Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development; and Graduate Program in Immunology, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital; and Center for Research in Complex Systems Science; Mahidol University; Bangkok Thailand
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Xu H, Sun F, Li X, Sun L. Down-regulation of miR-23a inhibits high glucose-induced EMT and renal fibrogenesis by up-regulation of SnoN. Hum Cell 2017; 31:22-32. [PMID: 28707079 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-017-0180-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) signaling plays an important role in the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). The nuclear transcription co-repressor Ski-related novel protein N (SnoN) is a critical negative regulator of TGF-β1/Smad signal pathway, involving in tubule epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation, and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. In this study, we focused on miR-23a as a regulator of SnoN. Our purpose is to study the effects of miR-23a on high glucose (HG)-induced EMT process and ECM deposition in HK2 cells. We found that miR-23a was up-regulated in renal tissues of diabetic patients and HG-induced HK2 cells. Besides, the high level of miR-23a was closely associated with decreased SnoN expression. Knockdown of miR-23a increased SnoN expression and in turn suppressed HG-induced EMT and renal fibrogenesis. Introduction of miR-23a decreased SnoN expression and enhanced the profibrogenic effects of HG on HK2 cells. Next, bioinformatics analysis predicted that the SnoN was a potential target gene of miR-23a. Luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that miR-23a could directly target SnoN. We demonstrated that overexpression of SnoN was sufficient to inhibit HG-induced EMT and renal fibrogenesis in HK2 cells. Furthermore, down-regulation of SnoN partially reversed the protective effect of miR-23a knockdown on HG-induced EMT and renal fibrogenesis in HK2 cells. Collectively, miR-23a and SnoN significantly impact on the progression of HG-induced EMT and renal fibrogenesis in vitro, and they may represent novel targets for the prevention strategies of renal fibrosis in the context of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiping Xu
- Urology Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16 Xinhua Road, Hebei, 061000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fuyun Sun
- Urology Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16 Xinhua Road, Hebei, 061000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuli Li
- Urology Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16 Xinhua Road, Hebei, 061000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Sun
- Urology Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16 Xinhua Road, Hebei, 061000, People's Republic of China
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Mózes MM, Szoleczky P, Rosivall L, Kökény G. Sustained hyperosmolarity increses TGF-ß1 and Egr-1 expression in the rat renal medulla. BMC Nephrol 2017; 18:209. [PMID: 28673338 PMCID: PMC5496335 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-017-0626-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although TGF-ß and the transcription factor Egr-1 play an important role in both kidney fibrosis and in response to acute changes of renal medullary osmolarity, their role under sustained hypo- or hyperosmolar conditions has not been elucidated. We investigated the effects of chronic hypertonicity and hypotonicity on the renal medullary TGF-ß and Egr-1 expression. METHODS Male adult Sprague Dawley rats (n = 6/group) were treated with 15 mg/day furosemide, or the rats were water restricted to 15 ml/200 g body weight per day. Control rats had free access to water and rodent chow. Kidneys were harvested after 5 days of treament. In cultured inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) cells, osmolarity was increased from 330 mOsm to 900 mOsm over 6 days. Analyses were performed at 330, 600 and 900 mOsm. RESULTS Urine osmolarity has not changed due to furosemide treatment but increased 2-fold after water restriction (p < 0.05). Gene expression of TGF-ß and Egr-1 increased by 1.9-fold and 7-fold in the hypertonic medulla, respectively (p < 0.05), accompanied by 6-fold and 2-fold increased c-Fos and TIMP-1 expression, respectively (p < 0.05) and positive immunostaining for TGF-ß and Egr-1 (p < 0.05). Similarly, hyperosmolarity led to overexpression of TGF-ß and Egr-1 mRNA in IMCD cells (2.5-fold and 3.5-fold increase from 330 to 900 mOsm, respectively (p < 0.05)) accompanied by significant c-Fos and c-Jun overexpressions (p < 0.01), and increased Col3a1 and Col4a1 mRNA expression. CONCLUSION We conclude that both TGF-ß and Egr-1 are upregulated by sustained hyperosmolarity in the rat renal medulla, and it favors the expression of extracellular matrix components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miklós M Mózes
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, Budapest, H-1089, Hungary
| | - Petra Szoleczky
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, Budapest, H-1089, Hungary
| | - László Rosivall
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, Budapest, H-1089, Hungary.,Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University Research Group for Pediatrics and Nephrology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Kökény
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, Budapest, H-1089, Hungary.
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Jiang Y, Yin X, Wu L, Qin Q, Xu J. MAPK/P53-mediated FASN expression in bone tumors. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:4035-4038. [PMID: 28588696 PMCID: PMC5452927 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The correlation between mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/P53 signaling-dependent fatty acid synthase (FASN) expression and bone tumors was examined in the present study. We established the SH081 bone tumor cell line, which was used to determine the expression of FASN and MAPK/P53 at the mRNA and protein levels in bone tumor cells and normal cells. Compared with the normal cells, the expression of MAPK/P53 and FASN mRNA was significantly elevated, whereas inhibition of MAPK/P53 decreased FASN expression. Similarly, the expression of FASN and MAPK/P53 proteins were significantly elevated in the bone tumor cells and treatment with the MAPK/P53 inhibitor decreased the expression of FASN. To determine the role of MAPK/P53 in cell proliferation, bone cancer cells were treated with MAPK/P53 inhibitor and the results showed a reduced proliferation rate. Thus, FASN promotes the development of bone tumors and MAPK/P53 signaling contributes to bone tumors by upregulating the expression of FASN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofan Yin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R. China
| | - Liang Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Qin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R. China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R. China
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Aluksanasuwan S, Sueksakit K, Fong-Ngern K, Thongboonkerd V. Role of HSP60 (HSPD1) in diabetes-induced renal tubular dysfunction: regulation of intracellular protein aggregation, ATP production, and oxidative stress. FASEB J 2017; 31:2157-2167. [PMID: 28196897 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600910rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Because underlying mechanisms of diabetic nephropathy/tubulopathy remained poorly understood, we aimed to define a key protein involving in hyperglycemia-induced renal tubular dysfunction. All altered renal proteins identified from previous large-scale proteome studies were subjected to global protein network analysis, which revealed heat shock protein 60 (HSP60, also known as HSPD1) as the central node of protein-protein interactions. Functional validation was performed using small interfering RNA (siRNA) to knock down HSP60 (siHSP60). At 48 h after exposure to high glucose (HG) (25 mM), Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) renal tubular cells transfected with controlled siRNA (siControl) had significantly increased level of HSP60 compared to normal glucose (NG) (5.5 mM), whereas siHSP60-transfected cells showed a dramatically decreased HSP60 level. siHSP60 modestly increased intracellular protein aggregates in both NG and HG conditions. Luciferin-luciferase assay showed that HG modestly increased intracellular ATP, and siHSP60 further enhanced such an increase. OxyBlot assay showed significantly increased level of oxidized proteins in HG-treated siControl-transfected cells, whereas siHSP60 caused marked increase of oxidized proteins under the NG condition. However, the siHSP60-induced accumulation of oxidized proteins was abolished by HG. In summary, our data demonstrated that HSP60 plays roles in regulation of intracellular protein aggregation, ATP production, and oxidative stress in renal tubular cells. Its involvement in HG-induced tubular cell dysfunction was most likely via regulation of intracellular ATP production.-Aluksanasuwan, S., Sueksakit, K., Fong-ngern, K., Thongboonkerd, V. Role of HSP60 (HSPD1) in diabetes-induced renal tubular dysfunction: regulation of intracellular protein aggregation, ATP production, and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siripat Aluksanasuwan
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Center for Research in Complex Systems Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kanyarat Sueksakit
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Center for Research in Complex Systems Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kedsarin Fong-Ngern
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Center for Research in Complex Systems Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; .,Center for Research in Complex Systems Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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50
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Xu ZJ, Shu S, Li ZJ, Liu YM, Zhang RY, Zhang Y. Liuwei Dihuang pill treats diabetic nephropathy in rats by inhibiting of TGF-β/SMADS, MAPK, and NF-kB and upregulating expression of cytoglobin in renal tissues. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e5879. [PMID: 28099346 PMCID: PMC5279091 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000005879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Liuwei Dihuang pill (LDP) was assessed for its effects on renal deficiency.90 STZ induced DN rats were divided into groups (n = 22) without treatment (STZ) and LDP treated (STZ-L) (n = 23), Zhenwu decoction treated (STZ-Z) (n = 22), and valsartan treated (STZ-V) (n = 23) groups, with 16 normal control rats. Total urine protein (TP), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and serum creatinine (Cr) were measured. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations as well as expression/phosphorylation of SMAD3, SMAD2, and α-SMA, TGF-β, RI /II, P38, ERK, and NF-kB in renal tissues were determined. In vitro experiments analyzed the effect of enhanced TGF-β containing rat serums of the STZ groups on mesangial cells with and without transient transfection with a cytoglobin-containing plasmid.LDP treatment reduced the kidney coefficient, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and urine protein and prevented pathological changes. Expression of SOD and NOS in kidney tissue was increased but MDA expression reduced. LDP modulated multiple pathways, and its administration inhibited the phosphorylation of SMADS, ERK, p38, and the expression of NF-kB, α-SMA, and TGF-β RI/II, and upregulated the expression of cytoglobin. In vitro studies revealed that overexpression of cytoglobin suppressed phosphorylation of Smad2, ERK, and p38 induced by TGF-β and expression of NF-kB, α-SMA, and TGF-β RI.LDP prevented renal fibrosis and protected glomerular mesangial cells by upregulation of cytoglobin and suppression of multiple pathways involving TGF-β/SMADS, MAPK, NF-kB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Ju Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Punan Hospital of Pudong New District
| | - Shi Shu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Punan Hospital of Pudong New District
| | - Zhi Jie Li
- Science and Technology Center, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Min Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Rui Yi Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
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