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Hubiernatorova A, Novak J, Vaskovicova M, Sekac D, Kropyvko S, Hodny Z. Tristetraprolin affects invasion-associated genes expression and cell motility in triple-negative breast cancer model. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2024. [PMID: 39319680 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
Tristetraprolin (TTP) is an RNA-binding protein that negatively regulates its target mRNAs and has been shown to inhibit tumor progression and invasion. Tumor invasion requires precise regulation of cytoskeletal components, and dysregulation of cytoskeleton-associated genes can significantly alter cell motility and invasive capability. Several genes, including SH3PXD2A, SH3PXD2B, CTTN, WIPF1, and WASL, are crucial components of the cytoskeleton reorganization machinery and are essential for adequate cell motility. These genes are also involved in invasion processes, with SH3PXD2A, SH3PXD2B, WIPF1, and CTTN being key components of invadopodia-specialized structures that facilitate invasion. However, the regulation of these genes is not well understood. This study demonstrates that ectopic expression of TTP in MDA-MB-231 cells leads to decreased mRNA levels of CTTN and SH3PXD2A, as well as defects in cell motility and actin filament organization. Additionally, doxorubicin significantly increases TTP expression and reduces the mRNA levels of cytoskeleton-associated genes, enhancing our understanding of how doxorubicin may affect the transcriptional profile of cells. However, doxorubicin affects target mRNAs differently than TTP ectopic expression, suggesting it may not be the primary mechanism of doxorubicin in breast cancer (BC) treatment. High TTP expression is considered as a positive prognostic marker in multiple cancers, including BC. Given that doxorubicin is a commonly used drug for treating triple-negative BC, using TTP as a prognostic marker in this cohort of patients might be limited since it might be challenging to understand if high TTP expression occurred due to the favorable physiological state of the patient or as a consequence of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia Hubiernatorova
- Department of Functional Genomics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Laboratory of Cell Regeneration and Plasticity, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Libechov, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Novak
- Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Vaskovicova
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Laboratory of DNA Integrity, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Libechov, Czech Republic
| | - David Sekac
- Laboratory of Cell Regeneration and Plasticity, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Libechov, Czech Republic
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Serhii Kropyvko
- Department of Functional Genomics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Zdenek Hodny
- Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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Tilajka Á, Kurilla A, László L, Lovrics A, Novák J, Takács T, Buday L, Vas V. Predictive value analysis of the interaction network of Tks4 scaffold protein in colon cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1414805. [PMID: 39234565 PMCID: PMC11371697 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1414805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) has emerged as one of the most widespread cancers and was the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality in 2020. The role of the podosomal protein Tks4 in tumor formation and progression is well established, including its involvement in gastric carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma; however, exploration of Tks4 and its associated EMT-regulating interactome in the context of colon cancer remains largely unexplored. Methods We conducted a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis to investigate the mRNA and protein expression levels of Tks4 and its associated partner molecules (CD2AP, GRB2, WASL, SRC, CTTN, and CAPZA1) across different tumor types. We quantified the expression levels of Tks4 and its partner molecules using qPCR, utilizing a TissueScan colon cancer array. We then validated the usefulness of Tks4 and its associated molecules as biomarkers via careful statistical analyses, including Pearson's correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), multiple logistic regression, confusion matrix analysis, and ROC analysis. Results Our findings indicate that the co-expression patterns of the seven examined biomarker candidates better differentiate between tumor and normal samples compared with the expression levels of the individual genes. Moreover, variable importance analysis of these seven genes revealed four core genes that yield consistent results similar to the seven genes. Thus, these four core genes from the Tks4 interactome hold promise as potential combined biomarkers for colon adenocarcinoma diagnosis and prognosis. Conclusion Our proposed biomarker set from the Tks4 interactome shows promising sensitivity and specificity, aiding in colon cancer prevention and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álmos Tilajka
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anita Kurilla
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Loretta László
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Lovrics
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Julianna Novák
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Takács
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Buday
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Virag Vas
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
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3
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László L, Kurilla A, Tilajka Á, Pancsa R, Takács T, Novák J, Buday L, Vas V. Unveiling epithelial plasticity regulation in lung cancer: Exploring the cross-talk among Tks4 scaffold protein partners. Mol Biol Cell 2024; 35:ar111. [PMID: 38985526 PMCID: PMC11321040 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e24-03-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) represents a hallmark event in the evolution of lung cancer. This work aims to study a recently described EMT-regulating protein, Tks4, and to explore its potential as a prognostic biomarker in non-small cell lung cancer. In this study, we used CRISPR/Cas9 method to knockout (KO) Tks4 to study its functional roles in invadopodia formation, migration, and regulation of EMT marker expressions and we identified Tks4-interacting proteins. Tks4-KO A549 cells exhibited an EMT-like phenotype characterized by elongated morphology and increased expression of EMT markers. Furthermore, analyses of a large-scale lung cancer database and a patient-derived tissue array data revealed that the Tks4 mRNA level was decreased in more aggressive lung cancer stages. To understand the regulatory role of Tks4 in lung cancer, we performed a Tks4-interactome analysis via Tks4 immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry on five different cell lines and identified CAPZA1 as a novel Tks4 partner protein. Thus, we propose that the absence of Tks4 leads to disruption of a connectome of multiple proteins and that the resulting undocking and likely mislocalization of signaling molecules impairs actin cytoskeleton rearrangement and activates EMT-like cell fate switches, both of which likely influence disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loretta László
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anita Kurilla
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Álmos Tilajka
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rita Pancsa
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Takács
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Julianna Novák
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Buday
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Virag Vas
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
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Wenzel EM, Pedersen NM, Elfmark LA, Wang L, Kjos I, Stang E, Malerød L, Brech A, Stenmark H, Raiborg C. Intercellular transfer of cancer cell invasiveness via endosome-mediated protease shedding. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1277. [PMID: 38341434 PMCID: PMC10858897 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45558-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of the transmembrane matrix metalloproteinase MT1-MMP/MMP14 promotes cancer cell invasion. Here we show that MT1-MMP-positive cancer cells turn MT1-MMP-negative cells invasive by transferring a soluble catalytic ectodomain of MT1-MMP. Surprisingly, this effect depends on the presence of TKS4 and TKS5 in the donor cell, adaptor proteins previously implicated in invadopodia formation. In endosomes of the donor cell, TKS4/5 promote ADAM-mediated cleavage of MT1-MMP by bridging the two proteases, and cleavage is stimulated by the low intraluminal pH of endosomes. The bridging depends on the PX domains of TKS4/5, which coincidently interact with the cytosolic tail of MT1-MMP and endosomal phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate. MT1-MMP recruits TKS4/5 into multivesicular endosomes for their subsequent co-secretion in extracellular vesicles, together with the enzymatically active ectodomain. The shed ectodomain converts non-invasive recipient cells into an invasive phenotype. Thus, TKS4/5 promote intercellular transfer of cancer cell invasiveness by facilitating ADAM-mediated shedding of MT1-MMP in acidic endosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Maria Wenzel
- Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nina Marie Pedersen
- Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Liv Anker Elfmark
- Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ling Wang
- Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Kjos
- Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Espen Stang
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Cancer Research, Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lene Malerød
- Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Andreas Brech
- Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Section for Physiology and Cell Biology, Dept. of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Harald Stenmark
- Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Camilla Raiborg
- Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
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Hashimoto M, Miki T, Niwa T, Mihara H. Proximity labeling and identification of endogenous client proteins recruited to Y15-based artificial granules tethering a bait protein. J Pept Sci 2024; 30:e3536. [PMID: 37580979 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Protein clustering is a ubiquitous event in diverse cellular processes. Self-association of proteins triggers recruitment of downstream proteins to regulate cellular signaling. To investigate the interactions in detail, chemical biology tools to identify proteins recruited to defined assemblies are required. Here, we exploit an identification of proteins recruited in artificial granules (IPRAG) platform that combines intracellular Y15-based supramolecule construction with a proximity labeling method. We validated the IPRAG tool using Nck1 as a target bait protein. We constructed Nck1-tethering granules, labeled the recruited proteins with biotin, and analyzed them by LC-MS/MS. As a result, we successfully identified proteins that directly or indirectly interact with Nck1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Hashimoto
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takayuki Miki
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Niwa
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Mihara
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
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Oates TCL, Moura PL, Cross S, Roberts K, Baum HE, Haydn‐Smith KL, Wilson MC, Heesom KJ, Severn CE, Toye AM. Defining the proteomic landscape of cultured macrophages and their polarization continuum. Immunol Cell Biol 2023; 101:947-963. [PMID: 37694300 PMCID: PMC10953363 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages have previously been characterized based on phenotypical and functional differences into suggested simplified subtypes of MØ, M1, M2a and M2c. These macrophage subtypes can be generated in a well-established primary monocyte culture model that produces cells expressing accepted subtype surface markers. To determine how these subtypes retain functional similarities and better understand their formation, we generated all four subtypes from the same donors. Comparative whole-cell proteomics confirmed that four distinct macrophage subtypes could be induced from the same donor material, with > 50% of 5435 identified proteins being significantly altered in abundance between subtypes. Functional assessment highlighted that these distinct protein expression profiles are primed to enable specific cell functions, indicating that this shifting proteome is predictive of meaningful changes in cell characteristics. Importantly, the 2552 proteins remained consistent in abundance across all macrophage subtypes examined, demonstrating maintenance of a stable core proteome that likely enables swift polarity changes. We next explored the cross-polarization capabilities of preactivated M1 macrophages treated with dexamethasone. Importantly, these treated cells undergo a partial repolarization toward the M2c surface markers but still retain the M1 functional phenotype. Our investigation of polarized macrophage subtypes therefore provides evidence of a sliding scale of macrophage functionality, with these data sets providing a valuable benchmark resource for further studies of macrophage polarity, with relevance for cell therapy development and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiah CL Oates
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences BuildingUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Red Blood Cell ProductsUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Pedro L Moura
- Center for Haematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine (MedH)Karolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
| | | | - Kiren Roberts
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences BuildingUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Holly E Baum
- Max Planck Bristol Centre for Minimal Biology, School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Katy L Haydn‐Smith
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences BuildingUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | | | - Kate J Heesom
- Proteomics Facility, Biomedical Sciences BuildingUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Charlotte E Severn
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences BuildingUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Red Blood Cell ProductsUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Ashley M Toye
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences BuildingUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Red Blood Cell ProductsUniversity of BristolBristolUK
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7
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Kurilla A, László L, Takács T, Tilajka Á, Lukács L, Novák J, Pancsa R, Buday L, Vas V. Studying the Association of TKS4 and CD2AP Scaffold Proteins and Their Implications in the Partial Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) Process. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15136. [PMID: 37894817 PMCID: PMC10606890 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Identification of new molecular factors governing the invasiveness of colon cancer holds promise in developing screening and targeted therapeutic methods. The Tyrosine Kinase Substrate with four SH3 domains (TKS4) and the CD2-associated protein (CD2AP) have previously been linked to dynamic actin assembly related processes and cancer cell migration, although their co-instructive role during tumor formation remained unknown. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the TKS4-CD2AP interaction and study the interdependent effect of TKS4/CD2AP on oncogenic events. We identified CD2AP as a novel TKS4 interacting partner via co-immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry methods. The interaction was validated via Western blot (WB), immunocytochemistry (ICC) and proximity ligation assay (PLA). The binding motif of CD2AP was explored via peptide microarray. To uncover the possible cooperative effects of TKS4 and CD2AP in cell movement and in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), we performed gene silencing and overexpressing experiments. Our results showed that TKS4 and CD2AP form a scaffolding protein complex and that they can regulate migration and EMT-related pathways in HCT116 colon cancer cells. This is the first study demonstrating the TKS4-CD2AP protein-protein interaction in vitro, their co-localization in intact cells, and their potential interdependent effects on partial-EMT in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Kurilla
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Loretta László
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Takács
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Álmos Tilajka
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Laura Lukács
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Julianna Novák
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rita Pancsa
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Buday
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Virág Vas
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
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Wang W, Zheng X, Azoitei A, John A, Zengerling F, Wezel F, Bolenz C, Günes C. The Role of TKS5 in Chromosome Stability and Bladder Cancer Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214283. [PMID: 36430759 PMCID: PMC9698602 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
TKS5 promotes invasion and migration through the formation of invadopodia in some tumour cells, and it also has an important physiological function in cell migration through podosome formation in various nontumour cells. To date, the role of TKS5 in urothelial cells, and its potential role in BC initiation and progression, has not yet been addressed. Moreover, the contribution of TKS5 to ploidy control and chromosome stability has not been reported in previous studies. Therefore, in the present study, we wished to address the following questions: (i) Is TKS5 involved in the ploidy control of urothelial cells? (ii) What is the mechanism that leads to aneuploidy in response to TKS5 knockdown? (iii) Is TKS5 an oncogene or tumour-suppressor gene in the context of BC? (iv) Does TKS5 affect the proliferation, migration and invasion of BC cells? We assessed the gene and protein expressions via qPCR and Western blot analyses in a set of nontumour cell strains (Y235T, HBLAK and UROtsa) and a set of BC cell lines (RT4, T24, UMUC3 and J82). Following the shRNA knockdown in the TKS5-proficient cells and the ectopic TKS5 expression in the cell lines with low/absent TKS5 expression, we performed functional experiments, such as metaphase, invadopodia and gelatine degradation assays. Moreover, we determined the invasion and migration abilities of these genetically modified cells by using the Boyden chamber and wound-healing assays. The TKS5 expression was lower in the bladder cancer cell lines with higher invasive capacities (T24, UMUC3 and J82) compared to the nontumour cell lines from human ureter (Y235T, HBLAK and UROtsa) and the noninvasive BC cell line RT4. The reduced TKS5 expression in the Y235T cells resulted in augmented aneuploidy and impaired cell division. According to the Boyden chamber and wound-healing assays, TKS5 promotes the invasion and migration of bladder cancer cells. According to the present study, TKS5 regulates the migration and invasion processes of bladder cancer (BC) cell lines and plays an important role in genome stability.
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A Novel Cell-Based Model for a Rare Disease: The Tks4-KO Human Embryonic Stem Cell Line as a Frank-Ter Haar Syndrome Model System. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158803. [PMID: 35955935 PMCID: PMC9369304 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase substrate with four SH3 domains (Tks4) scaffold protein plays roles in cell migration and podosome formation and regulates systemic mechanisms such as adult bone homeostasis and adipogenesis. Mutations in the Tks4 gene (SH3PXD2b) cause a rare developmental disorder called Frank-Ter Haar syndrome (FTHS), which leads to heart abnormalities, bone tissue defects, and reduced adiposity. We aimed to produce a human stem cell-based in vitro FTHS model system to study the effects of the loss of the Tks4 protein in different cell lineages and the accompanying effects on the cell signalome. To this end, we used CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR associated (Cas9)) to knock out the SH3PXD2b gene in the HUES9 human embryonic stem cell line (hESC), and we obtained stable homo- and heterozygous knock out clones for use in studying the potential regulatory roles of Tks4 protein in embryonic stem cell biology. Based on pluripotency marker measurements and spontaneous differentiation capacity assays, we concluded that the newly generated Tks4-KO HUES9 cells retained their embryonic stem cell characteristics. We propose that the Tks4-KO HUES9 cells could serve as a tool for further cell differentiation studies to investigate the involvement of Tks4 in the complex disorder FTHS. Moreover, we successfully differentiated all of the clones into mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The derived MSC cultures showed mesenchymal morphology and expressed MSC markers, although the expression levels of mesodermal and osteogenic marker genes were reduced, and several EMT (epithelial mesenchymal transition)-related features were altered in the Tks4-KO MSCs. Our results suggest that the loss of Tks4 leads to FTHS by altering cell lineage differentiation and cell maturation processes, rather than by regulating embryonic stem cell potential.
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Merő B, Koprivanacz K, Cserkaszky A, Radnai L, Vas V, Kudlik G, Gógl G, Sok P, Póti ÁL, Szeder B, Nyitray L, Reményi A, Geiszt M, Buday L. Characterization of the Intramolecular Interactions and Regulatory Mechanisms of the Scaffold Protein Tks4. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158103. [PMID: 34360869 PMCID: PMC8348221 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The scaffold protein Tks4 is a member of the p47phox-related organizer superfamily. It plays a key role in cell motility by being essential for the formation of podosomes and invadopodia. In addition, Tks4 is involved in the epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling pathway, in which EGF induces the translocation of Tks4 from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane. The evolutionarily-related protein p47phox and Tks4 share many similarities in their N-terminal region: a phosphoinositide-binding PX domain is followed by two SH3 domains (so called “tandem SH3”) and a proline-rich region (PRR). In p47phox, the PRR is followed by a relatively short, disordered C-terminal tail region containing multiple phosphorylation sites. These play a key role in the regulation of the protein. In Tks4, the PRR is followed by a third and a fourth SH3 domain connected by a long (~420 residues) unstructured region. In p47phox, the tandem SH3 domain binds the PRR while the first SH3 domain interacts with the PX domain, thereby preventing its binding to the membrane. Based on the conserved structural features of p47phox and Tks4 and the fact that an intramolecular interaction between the third SH3 and the PX domains of Tks4 has already been reported, we hypothesized that Tks4 is similarly regulated by autoinhibition. In this study, we showed, via fluorescence-based titrations, MST, ITC, and SAXS measurements, that the tandem SH3 domain of Tks4 binds the PRR and that the PX domain interacts with the third SH3 domain. We also investigated a phosphomimicking Thr-to-Glu point mutation in the PRR as a possible regulator of intramolecular interactions. Phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PtdIns(3)P) was identified as the main binding partner of the PX domain via lipid-binding assays. In truncated Tks4 fragments, the presence of the tandem SH3, together with the PRR, reduced PtdIns(3)P binding, while the presence of the third SH3 domain led to complete inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Merő
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Enzymology, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (B.M.); (K.K.); (A.C.); (L.R.); (V.V.); (G.K.); (B.S.)
| | - Kitti Koprivanacz
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Enzymology, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (B.M.); (K.K.); (A.C.); (L.R.); (V.V.); (G.K.); (B.S.)
| | - Anna Cserkaszky
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Enzymology, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (B.M.); (K.K.); (A.C.); (L.R.); (V.V.); (G.K.); (B.S.)
| | - László Radnai
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Enzymology, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (B.M.); (K.K.); (A.C.); (L.R.); (V.V.); (G.K.); (B.S.)
| | - Virag Vas
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Enzymology, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (B.M.); (K.K.); (A.C.); (L.R.); (V.V.); (G.K.); (B.S.)
| | - Gyöngyi Kudlik
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Enzymology, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (B.M.); (K.K.); (A.C.); (L.R.); (V.V.); (G.K.); (B.S.)
| | - Gergő Gógl
- Department of Biochemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (G.G.); (L.N.)
| | - Péter Sok
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (P.S.); (Á.L.P.); (A.R.)
| | - Ádám L. Póti
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (P.S.); (Á.L.P.); (A.R.)
| | - Bálint Szeder
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Enzymology, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (B.M.); (K.K.); (A.C.); (L.R.); (V.V.); (G.K.); (B.S.)
| | - László Nyitray
- Department of Biochemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (G.G.); (L.N.)
| | - Attila Reményi
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (P.S.); (Á.L.P.); (A.R.)
| | - Miklós Geiszt
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - László Buday
- Department of Biochemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (G.G.); (L.N.)
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University Medical School, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
- Correspondence:
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11
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Mitre GP, Balbinot KM, Ribeiro ALR, da Silva Kataoka MS, de Melo Alves Júnior S, de Jesus Viana Pinheiro J. Key proteins of invadopodia are overexpressed in oral squamous cell carcinoma suggesting an important role of MT1-MMP in the tumoral progression. Diagn Pathol 2021; 16:33. [PMID: 33879222 PMCID: PMC8059181 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-021-01090-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most relevant malignant neoplasm among all head and neck tumours due to its high prevalence and unfavourable prognosis. Tumour invasion and metastasis that affect prognosis are result of a set of complex events that cells with invasive potential use to spread to other regions. These cells use several mechanisms to invade tissues, including a type of finger-like membrane protrusion called invadopodia. This study aims to investigate the immunoexpression of invaopodia related-proteins TKs5, cortactin, TKs4 and MT1-MMP in OSCC and correlate it to clinicopathological data. METHODS An immunohistochemical evaluation of fifty cases of OSCCs and 20 cases of oral mucosa (OM) were assessed. The expression of invadopodia proteins were analysed in comparison to normal tissue (OM) and correlated to different clinical-stage and histological grade of OSCC. RESULTS TKs5, cortactin, TKs4 and MT1-MMP were significantly overexpressed in OSCC when compared to OM (p < 0.0001). Among tumour stages, TKs5 showed a statistical difference in immunolabelling between stage I and III (p = 0.026). Cortactin immunolabelling was statistically higher in grade I than in grade II and III. No differences were seen on TKs4 expression based on tumour staging or grading. MT1-MMP was higher expressed and showed statistical difference between stages I and III and grades I compared to II and III. CONCLUSIONS The invadopodia related-proteins were found to be overexpressed in OSCC when compared to OM, suggesting invadopodia formation and activity. Besides overexpressed in OSCC, cortactin, TKs4 and TKs5 showed no or ambiguous differences in protein expression when compared among clinical-stages or histological grades groups. Conversely, the expression of MT1-MMP increased in advanced stages and less differentiated tumours, suggesting MT1-MMP expression as a promising prognostic marker in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geovanni Pereira Mitre
- Laboratory of Histopathology and Immunohistochemistry, School of Dentistry, Cell Culture Laboratory, Federal University of Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa, 01, Guamá, PA, 66075110, Belém, Brazil
| | - Karolyny Martins Balbinot
- Laboratory of Histopathology and Immunohistochemistry, School of Dentistry, Cell Culture Laboratory, Federal University of Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa, 01, Guamá, PA, 66075110, Belém, Brazil
| | - André Luis Ribeiro Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Histopathology and Immunohistochemistry, School of Dentistry, Cell Culture Laboratory, Federal University of Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa, 01, Guamá, PA, 66075110, Belém, Brazil
| | - Maria Sueli da Silva Kataoka
- Laboratory of Histopathology and Immunohistochemistry, School of Dentistry, Cell Culture Laboratory, Federal University of Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa, 01, Guamá, PA, 66075110, Belém, Brazil
| | - Sérgio de Melo Alves Júnior
- Laboratory of Histopathology and Immunohistochemistry, School of Dentistry, Cell Culture Laboratory, Federal University of Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa, 01, Guamá, PA, 66075110, Belém, Brazil
| | - João de Jesus Viana Pinheiro
- Laboratory of Histopathology and Immunohistochemistry, School of Dentistry, Cell Culture Laboratory, Federal University of Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa, 01, Guamá, PA, 66075110, Belém, Brazil.
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12
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Advances in Understanding TKS4 and TKS5: Molecular Scaffolds Regulating Cellular Processes from Podosome and Invadopodium Formation to Differentiation and Tissue Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218117. [PMID: 33143131 PMCID: PMC7663256 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Scaffold proteins are typically thought of as multi-domain "bridging molecules." They serve as crucial regulators of key signaling events by simultaneously binding multiple participants involved in specific signaling pathways. In the case of epidermal growth factor (EGF)-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) binding, the activated EGFR contacts cytosolic SRC tyrosine-kinase, which then becomes activated. This process leads to the phosphorylation of SRC-substrates, including the tyrosine kinase substrates (TKS) scaffold proteins. The TKS proteins serve as a platform for the recruitment of key players in EGFR signal transduction, promoting cell spreading and migration. The TKS4 and the TKS5 scaffold proteins are tyrosine kinase substrates with four or five SH3 domains, respectively. Their structural features allow them to recruit and bind a variety of signaling proteins and to anchor them to the cytoplasmic surface of the cell membrane. Until recently, TKS4 and TKS5 had been recognized for their involvement in cellular motility, reactive oxygen species-dependent processes, and embryonic development, among others. However, a number of novel functions have been discovered for these molecules in recent years. In this review, we attempt to cover the diverse nature of the TKS molecules by discussing their structure, regulation by SRC kinase, relevant signaling pathways, and interaction partners, as well as their involvement in cellular processes, including migration, invasion, differentiation, and adipose tissue and bone homeostasis. We also describe related pathologies and the established mouse models.
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13
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Zagryazhskaya-Masson A, Monteiro P, Macé AS, Castagnino A, Ferrari R, Infante E, Duperray-Susini A, Dingli F, Lanyi A, Loew D, Génot E, Chavrier P. Intersection of TKS5 and FGD1/CDC42 signaling cascades directs the formation of invadopodia. J Cell Biol 2020; 219:e201910132. [PMID: 32673397 PMCID: PMC7480108 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201910132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells exposed to a physiological matrix of type I collagen fibers form elongated collagenolytic invadopodia, which differ from dotty-like invadopodia forming on the gelatin substratum model. The related scaffold proteins, TKS5 and TKS4, are key components of the mechanism of invadopodia assembly. The molecular events through which TKS proteins direct collagenolytic invadopodia formation are poorly defined. Using coimmunoprecipitation experiments, identification of bound proteins by mass spectrometry, and in vitro pull-down experiments, we found an interaction between TKS5 and FGD1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Rho-GTPase CDC42, which is known for its role in the assembly of invadopodial actin core structure. A novel cell polarity network is uncovered comprising TKS5, FGD1, and CDC42, directing invadopodia formation and the polarization of MT1-MMP recycling compartments, required for invadopodia activity and invasion in a 3D collagen matrix. Additionally, our data unveil distinct signaling pathways involved in collagenolytic invadopodia formation downstream of TKS4 or TKS5 in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zagryazhskaya-Masson
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 144, Paris, France
| | - Pedro Monteiro
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 144, Paris, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Macé
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 144, Paris, France
- Cell and Tissue Imaging Facility (PICT-IBiSA), Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France
| | - Alessia Castagnino
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 144, Paris, France
| | - Robin Ferrari
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 144, Paris, France
| | - Elvira Infante
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 144, Paris, France
| | - Aléria Duperray-Susini
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 144, Paris, France
| | - Florent Dingli
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomic Laboratory, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Arpad Lanyi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Damarys Loew
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomic Laboratory, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Elisabeth Génot
- European Institute of Chemistry and Biology, Bordeaux, France
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1045, and Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Philippe Chavrier
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 144, Paris, France
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14
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Szeder B, Tárnoki-Zách J, Lakatos D, Vas V, Kudlik G, Merő B, Koprivanacz K, Bányai L, Hámori L, Róna G, Czirók A, Füredi A, Buday AL. Absence of the Tks4 Scaffold Protein Induces Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition-Like Changes in Human Colon Cancer Cells. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111343. [PMID: 31671862 PMCID: PMC6912613 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a multipurpose process involved in wound healing, development, and certain pathological processes, such as metastasis formation. The Tks4 scaffold protein has been implicated in cancer progression; however, its role in oncogenesis is not well defined. In this study, the function of Tks4 was investigated in HCT116 colon cancer cells by knocking the protein out using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Surprisingly, the absence of Tks4 induced significant changes in cell morphology, motility, adhesion and expression, and localization of E-cadherin, which are all considered as hallmarks of EMT. In agreement with these findings, the marked appearance of fibronectin, a marker of the mesenchymal phenotype, was also observed in Tks4-KO cells. Analysis of the expression of well-known EMT transcription factors revealed that Snail2 was strongly overexpressed in cells lacking Tks4. Tks4-KO cells showed increased motility and decreased cell–cell attachment. Collagen matrix invasion assays demonstrated the abundance of invasive solitary cells. Finally, the reintroduction of Tks4 protein in the Tks4-KO cells restored the expression levels of relevant key transcription factors, suggesting that the Tks4 scaffold protein has a specific and novel role in EMT regulation and cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bálint Szeder
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Júlia Tárnoki-Zách
- Department of Biological Physics, Eötvös University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Dóra Lakatos
- Department of Biological Physics, Eötvös University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Virág Vas
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Gyöngyi Kudlik
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Balázs Merő
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Kitti Koprivanacz
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - László Bányai
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Lilla Hámori
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Gergely Róna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| | - András Czirók
- Department of Biological Physics, Eötvös University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
- University of Kansas Cancer Centre, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
| | - András Füredi
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary.
- Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - And László Buday
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Semmelweis University Medical School, 1094 Budapest, Hungary.
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15
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Mehes E, Barath M, Gulyas M, Bugyik E, Geiszt M, Szoor A, Lanyi A, Czirok A. Enhanced endothelial motility and multicellular sprouting is mediated by the scaffold protein TKS4. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14363. [PMID: 31591456 PMCID: PMC6779758 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50915-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell motility has fundamental role in vasculogenesis and angiogenesis during developmental or pathological processes. Tks4 is a scaffold protein known to organize the cytoskeleton of lamellipodia and podosomes, and thus modulating cell motility and invasion. In particular, Tks4 is required for the localization and activity of membrane type 1-matrix metalloproteinase, a key factor for extracellular matrix (ECM) cleavage during cell migration. While its role in transformed cells is well established, little is known about the function of Tks4 under physiological conditions. In this study we examined the impact of Tks4 gene silencing on the functional activity of primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and used time-lapse videomicrosopy and quantitative image analysis to characterize cell motility phenotypes in culture. We demonstrate that the absence of Tks4 in endothelial cells leads to impaired ECM cleavage and decreased motility within a 3-dimensional ECM environment. Furthermore, absence of Tks4 also decreases the ability of HUVEC cells to form multicellular sprouts, a key requirement for angiogenesis. To establish the involvement of Tks4 in vascular development in vivo, we show that loss of Tks4 leads sparser vasculature in the fetal chorion in the Tks4-deficient ‘nee’ mouse strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elod Mehes
- Department of Biological Physics, Eotvos University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Monika Barath
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Marton Gulyas
- Department of Biological Physics, Eotvos University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edina Bugyik
- First Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Miklos Geiszt
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Arpad Szoor
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Arpad Lanyi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Andras Czirok
- Department of Biological Physics, Eotvos University, Budapest, Hungary. .,Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
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16
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Analysis of Tks4 Knockout Mice Suggests a Role for Tks4 in Adipose Tissue Homeostasis in the Context of Beigeing. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080831. [PMID: 31387265 PMCID: PMC6721678 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and adipocyte malfunction are related to and arise as consequences of disturbances in signaling pathways. Tyrosine kinase substrate with four Src homology 3 domains (Tks4) is a scaffold protein that establishes a platform for signaling cascade molecules during podosome formation and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling. Several lines of evidence have also suggested that Tks4 has a role in adipocyte biology; however, its roles in the various types of adipocytes at the cellular level and in transcriptional regulation have not been studied. Therefore, we hypothesized that Tks4 functions as an organizing molecule in signaling networks that regulate adipocyte homeostasis. Our aims were to study the white and brown adipose depots of Tks4 knockout (KO) mice using immunohistology and western blotting and to analyze gene expression changes regulated by the white, brown, and beige adipocyte-related transcription factors via a PCR array. Based on morphological differences in the Tks4-KO adipocytes and increased uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression in the white adipose tissue (WAT) of Tks4-KO mice, we concluded that the beigeing process was more robust in the WAT of Tks4-KO mice compared to the wild-type animals. Furthermore, in the Tks4-KO WAT, the expression profile of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ)-regulated adipogenesis-related genes was shifted in favor of the appearance of beige-like cells. These results suggest that Tks4 and its downstream signaling partners are novel regulators of adipocyte functions and PPARγ-directed white to beige adipose tissue conversion.
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17
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de Vos IJHM, Wong ASW, Welting TJM, Coull BJ, van Steensel MAM. Multicentric osteolytic syndromes represent a phenotypic spectrum defined by defective collagen remodeling. Am J Med Genet A 2019; 179:1652-1664. [PMID: 31218820 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Frank-Ter Haar syndrome (FTHS), Winchester syndrome (WS), and multicentric osteolysis, nodulosis, and arthropathy (MONA) are ultra-rare multisystem disorders characterized by craniofacial malformations, reduced bone density, skeletal and cardiac anomalies, and dermal fibrosis. These autosomal recessive syndromes are caused by homozygous mutation or deletion of respectively SH3PXD2B (SH3 and PX Domains 2B), MMP14 (matrix metalloproteinase 14), or MMP2. Here, we give an overview of the clinical features of 63 previously reported patients with an SH3PXD2B, MMP14, or MMP2 mutation, demonstrating considerable clinical overlap between FTHS, WS, and MONA. Interestingly, the protein products of SH3PXD2B, MMP14, and MMP2 directly cooperate in collagen remodeling. We review animal models for these three disorders that accurately reflect the major clinical features and likewise show significant phenotypical similarity with each other. Furthermore, they demonstrate that defective collagen remodeling is central in the underlying pathology. As such, we propose a nosological revision, placing these SH3PXD2B, MMP14, and MMP2 related syndromes in a novel "defective collagen-remodelling spectrum (DECORS)". In our opinion, this revised nosology better reflects the central role for impaired collagen remodeling, a potential target for pharmaceutical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo J H M de Vos
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Arnette Shi Wei Wong
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tim J M Welting
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Barry J Coull
- Lancaster Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Maurice A M van Steensel
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore, Singapore
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18
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Significance of the Tks4 scaffold protein in bone tissue homeostasis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5781. [PMID: 30962481 PMCID: PMC6453952 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42250-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The main driver of osteoporosis is an imbalance between bone resorption and formation. The pathogenesis of osteoporosis has also been connected to genetic alterations in key osteogenic factors and dysfunction of bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BM-MSCs). Tks4 (encoded by the Sh3pxd2b gene) is a scaffold protein involved in podosome organization. Homozygous mutational inactivation of Sh3pxd2b causes Frank-ter Haar syndrome (FTHS), a genetic disease that affects bone tissue as well as eye, ear, and heart functions. To date, the role of Tks4 in adult bone homeostasis has not been investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the facial and femoral bone phenotypes of Sh3pxd2b knock-out (KO) mice using micro-CT methods. In addition to the analysis of the Sh3pxd2b-KO mice, the bone microstructure of an FTHS patient was also examined. Macro-examination of skulls from Tks4-deficient mice revealed craniofacial malformations that were very similar to symptoms of the FTHS patient. The femurs of the Sh3pxd2b-KO mice had alterations in the trabecular system and showed signs of osteoporosis, and, similarly, the FTHS patient also showed increased trabecular separation/porosity. The expression levels of the Runx2 and osteocalcin bone formation markers were reduced in the bone and bone marrow of the Sh3pxd2b-KO femurs, respectively. Our recent study demonstrated that Sh3pxd2b-KO BM-MSCs have a reduced ability to differentiate into osteoblast lineage cells; therefore, we concluded that the Tks4 scaffold protein is important for osteoblast formation, and that it likely plays a role in bone cell homeostasis.
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19
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Common J, Barker J, Steensel M. What does acne genetics teach us about disease pathogenesis? Br J Dermatol 2019; 181:665-676. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J.E.A. Common
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore
| | - J.N. Barker
- St John's Institute of Dermatology Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine King's College London London U.K
| | - M.A.M. Steensel
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological University Clinical Sciences Building Novena Singapore
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20
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Dülk M, Szeder B, Glatz G, Merő BL, Koprivanacz K, Kudlik G, Vas V, Sipeki S, Cserkaszky A, Radnai L, Buday L. EGF Regulates the Interaction of Tks4 with Src through Its SH2 and SH3 Domains. Biochemistry 2018; 57:4186-4196. [PMID: 29928795 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The nonreceptor tyrosine kinase Src is a central component of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling pathway. Our group recently showed that the Frank-ter Haar syndrome protein Tks4 (tyrosine kinase substrate with four Src homology 3 domains) is also involved in EGF signaling. Here we demonstrate that Tks4 and Src bind directly to each other and elucidate the details of the molecular mechanism of this complex formation. Results of GST pull-down and fluorescence polarization assays show that both a proline-rich SH3 binding motif (PSRPLPDAP, residues 466-474) and an adjacent phosphotyrosine-containing SH2 binding motif (pYEEI, residues 508-511) in Tks4 are responsible for Src binding. These motifs interact with the SH3 and SH2 domains of Src, respectively, leading to a synergistic enhancement of binding strength and a highly stable, "bidentate"-type of interaction. In agreement with these results, we found that the association of Src with Tks4 is permanent and the complex lasts at least 3 h in living cells. We conclude that the interaction of Tks4 with Src may result in the long term stabilization of the kinase in its active conformation, leading to prolonged Src activity following EGF stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Metta Dülk
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , 1117 Budapest , Hungary
| | - Bálint Szeder
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , 1117 Budapest , Hungary
| | - Gábor Glatz
- Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology , Eötvös Loránd University , 1117 Budapest , Hungary
| | - Balázs L Merő
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , 1117 Budapest , Hungary
| | - Kitti Koprivanacz
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , 1117 Budapest , Hungary
| | - Gyöngyi Kudlik
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , 1117 Budapest , Hungary
| | - Virág Vas
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , 1117 Budapest , Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Sipeki
- Department of Medical Chemistry , Semmelweis University Medical School , 1094 Budapest , Hungary
| | - Anna Cserkaszky
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , 1117 Budapest , Hungary
| | - László Radnai
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , 1117 Budapest , Hungary
| | - László Buday
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , 1117 Budapest , Hungary.,Department of Medical Chemistry , Semmelweis University Medical School , 1094 Budapest , Hungary
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21
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Abstract
Tyrosine kinase substrate (Tks) adaptor proteins are considered important regulators of various physiological and/or pathological processes, particularly cell migration and invasion, and cancer progression. These proteins contain PX and SH3 domains, and act as scaffolds, bringing membrane and cellular components in close proximity in structures known as invadopodia or podosomes. Tks proteins, analogous to the related proteins p47phox, p40phox and NoxO1, also facilitate local generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which aid in signaling at invadopodia and/or podosomes to promote their activity. As their name suggests, Tks adaptor proteins are substrates for tyrosine kinases, especially Src. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and accompanying poster, we discuss the known structural and functional aspects of Tks adaptor proteins. As the science of Tks proteins is evolving, this article will point out where we stand and what still needs to be explored. We also underscore pathological conditions involving these proteins, providing a basis for future research to develop therapies for treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Saini
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Sara A Courtneidge
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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22
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Lurier EB, Dalton D, Dampier W, Raman P, Nassiri S, Ferraro NM, Rajagopalan R, Sarmady M, Spiller KL. Transcriptome analysis of IL-10-stimulated (M2c) macrophages by next-generation sequencing. Immunobiology 2017; 222:847-856. [PMID: 28318799 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Alternatively activated "M2" macrophages are believed to function during late stages of wound healing, behaving in an anti-inflammatory manner to mediate the resolution of the pro-inflammatory response caused by "M1" macrophages. However, the differences between two main subtypes of M2 macrophages, namely interleukin-4 (IL-4)-stimulated "M2a" macrophages and IL-10-stimulated "M2c" macrophages, are not well understood. M2a macrophages are characterized by their ability to inhibit inflammation and contribute to the stabilization of angiogenesis. However, the role and temporal profile of M2c macrophages in wound healing are not known. Therefore, we performed next generation sequencing (RNA-seq) to identify biological functions and gene expression signatures of macrophages polarized in vitro with IL-10 to the M2c phenotype in comparison to M1 and M2a macrophages and an unactivated control (M0). We then explored the expression of these gene signatures in a publicly available data set of human wound healing. RNA-seq analysis showed that hundreds of genes were upregulated in M2c macrophages compared to the M0 control, with thousands of alternative splicing events. Following validation by Nanostring, 39 genes were found to be upregulated by M2c macrophages compared to the M0 control, and 17 genes were significantly upregulated relative to the M0, M1, and M2a phenotypes (using an adjusted p-value cutoff of 0.05 and fold change cutoff of 1.5). Many of the identified M2c-specific genes are associated with angiogenesis, matrix remodeling, and phagocytosis, including CD163, MMP8, TIMP1, VCAN, SERPINA1, MARCO, PLOD2, PCOCLE2 and F5. Analysis of the macrophage-conditioned media for secretion of matrix-remodeling proteins showed that M2c macrophages secreted higher levels of MMP7, MMP8, and TIMP1 compared to the other phenotypes. Interestingly, temporal gene expression analysis of a publicly available microarray data set of human wound healing showed that M2c-related genes were upregulated at early times after injury, similar to M1-related genes, while M2a-related genes appeared at later stages or were downregulated after injury. While further studies are required to confirm the timing and role of M2c macrophages in vivo, these results suggest that M2c macrophages may function at early stages of wound healing. Identification of markers of the M2c phenotype will allow more detailed investigations into the role of M2c macrophages in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily B Lurier
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Donald Dalton
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Will Dampier
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 N Broad St. Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Pichai Raman
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Deparment of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Center for Data-Driven Discovery in Biomedicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sina Nassiri
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Nicole M Ferraro
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ramakrishan Rajagopalan
- Deparment of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Mahdi Sarmady
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Kara L Spiller
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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23
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Riba A, Emmenlauer M, Chen A, Sigoillot F, Cong F, Dehio C, Jenkins J, Zavolan M. Explicit Modeling of siRNA-Dependent On- and Off-Target Repression Improves the Interpretation of Screening Results. Cell Syst 2017; 4:182-193.e4. [PMID: 28215525 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
RNAi is broadly used to map gene regulatory networks, but the identification of genes that are responsible for the observed phenotypes is challenging, as small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) simultaneously downregulate the intended on targets and many partially complementary off targets. Additionally, the scarcity of publicly available control datasets hinders the development and comparative evaluation of computational methods for analyzing the data. Here, we introduce PheLiM (https://github.com/andreariba/PheLiM), a method that uses predictions of siRNA on- and off-target downregulation to infer gene-specific contributions to phenotypes. To assess the performance of PheLiM, we carried out siRNA- and CRISPR/Cas9-based genome-wide screening of two well-characterized pathways, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), and we reanalyzed publicly available siRNA screens. We demonstrate that PheLiM has the overall highest accuracy and most reproducible results compared to other available methods. PheLiM can accommodate various methods for predicting siRNA off targets and is broadly applicable to the identification of genes underlying complex phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Riba
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mario Emmenlauer
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Amy Chen
- Developmental & Molecular Pathways, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 250 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Frederic Sigoillot
- Developmental & Molecular Pathways, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 250 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Feng Cong
- Developmental & Molecular Pathways, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 250 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Christoph Dehio
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jeremy Jenkins
- Developmental & Molecular Pathways, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 250 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Mihaela Zavolan
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
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24
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Dülk M, Kudlik G, Fekete A, Ernszt D, Kvell K, Pongrácz JE, Merő BL, Szeder B, Radnai L, Geiszt M, Csécsy DE, Kovács T, Uher F, Lányi Á, Vas V, Buday L. The scaffold protein Tks4 is required for the differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) into adipogenic and osteogenic lineages. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34280. [PMID: 27711054 PMCID: PMC5053279 DOI: 10.1038/srep34280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The commitment steps of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) to adipogenic and other lineages have been widely studied but not fully understood. Therefore, it is critical to understand which molecules contribute to the conversion of stem cells into differentiated cells. The scaffold protein Tks4 plays a role in podosome formation, EGFR signaling and ROS production. Dysfunction of Tks4 causes a hereditary disease called Frank-ter Haar syndrome with a variety of defects concerning certain mesenchymal tissues (bone, fat and cartilage) throughout embryogenic and postnatal development. In this study, we aimed to analyze how the mutation of Tks4 affects the differentiation potential of multipotent bone marrow MSCs (BM-MSCs). We generated a Tks4 knock-out mouse strain on C57Bl/6 background, and characterized BM-MSCs isolated from wild type and Tks4-/- mice to evaluate their differentiation. Tks4-/- BM-MSCs had reduced ability to differentiate into osteogenic and adipogenic lineages compared to wild type. Studying the expression profile of a panel of lipid-regulated genes during adipogenic induction revealed that the expression of adipogenic transcription factors, genes responsible for lipid droplet formation, sterol and fatty acid metabolism was delayed or reduced in Tks4-/- BM-MSCs. Taken together, these results establish a novel function for Tks4 in the regulation of MSC differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Metta Dülk
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gyöngyi Kudlik
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Fekete
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dávid Ernszt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pecs, Hungary.,Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pecs, Hungary
| | - Krisztián Kvell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pecs, Hungary.,Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pecs, Hungary
| | - Judit E Pongrácz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pecs, Hungary.,Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pecs, Hungary
| | - Balázs L Merő
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bálint Szeder
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Radnai
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Miklós Geiszt
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest, Hungary.,"Momentum" Peroxidase Enzyme Research Group of the Semmelweis University and the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dalma E Csécsy
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Kovács
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Uher
- Stem Cell Biology, National Blood Service, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Árpád Lányi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Virag Vas
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Buday
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Medical Chemistry, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest, Hungary
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25
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Wu Q, Nadesalingam J, Moodley S, Bai X, Liu M. XB130 translocation to microfilamentous structures mediates NNK-induced migration of human bronchial epithelial cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:18050-65. [PMID: 25980441 PMCID: PMC4627235 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking contributes to the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer. Nicotine-derived nitrosamine ketone (NNK) is the most potent carcinogen among cigarette smoking components, and is known to enhance migration of cancer cells. However, the effect of NNK on normal human bronchial epithelial cells is not well studied. XB130 is a member of actin filament associated protein family and is involved in cell morphology changes, cytoskeletal rearrangement and outgrowth formation, as well as cell migration. We hypothesized that XB130 mediates NNK-induced migration of normal human bronchial epithelial cells. Our results showed that, after NNK stimulation, XB130 was translocated to the cell periphery and enriched in cell motility-associated structures, such as lamellipodia, in normal human bronchial epithelial BEAS2B cells. Moreover, overexpression of XB130 significantly enhanced NNK-induced migration, which requires both the N- and C-termini of XB130. Overexpression of XB130 enhanced NNK-induced protein tyrosine phosphorylation and promoted matrix metalloproteinase-14 translocation to cell motility-associated cellular structures after NNK stimulation. XB130-mediated NNK-induced cell migration may contribute to airway epithelial repair; however, it may also be involved in cigarette smoking-related chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifei Wu
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, University Health Network, Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jeya Nadesalingam
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, University Health Network, Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Serisha Moodley
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, University Health Network, Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xiaohui Bai
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, University Health Network, Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, University Health Network, Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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26
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Barthold JS, Wang Y, Kolon TF, Kollin C, Nordenskjöld A, Olivant Fisher A, Figueroa TE, BaniHani AH, Hagerty JA, Gonzaléz R, Noh PH, Chiavacci RM, Harden KR, Abrams DJ, Kim CE, Li J, Hakonarson H, Devoto M. Pathway analysis supports association of nonsyndromic cryptorchidism with genetic loci linked to cytoskeleton-dependent functions. Hum Reprod 2015; 30:2439-51. [PMID: 26209787 PMCID: PMC4573451 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dev180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION What are the genetic loci that increase susceptibility to nonsyndromic cryptorchidism, or undescended testis? SUMMARY ANSWER A genome-wide association study (GWAS) suggests that susceptibility to cryptorchidism is heterogeneous, with a subset of suggestive signals linked to cytoskeleton-dependent functions and syndromic forms of the disease. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Population studies suggest moderate genetic risk of cryptorchidism and possible maternal and environmental contributions to risk. Previous candidate gene analyses have failed to identify a major associated locus, although variants in insulin-like 3 (INSL3), relaxin/insulin-like family peptide receptor 2 (RXFP2) and other hormonal pathway genes may increase risk in a small percentage of patients. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This is a case-control GWAS of 844 boys with nonsyndromic cryptorchidism and 2718 control subjects without syndromes or genital anomalies, all of European ancestry. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS All boys with cryptorchidism were diagnosed and treated by a pediatric specialist. In the discovery phase, DNA was extracted from tissue or blood samples and genotyping performed using the Illumina HumanHap550 and Human610-Quad (Group 1) or OmniExpress (Group 2) platform. We imputed genotypes genome-wide, and combined single marker association results in meta-analyses for all cases and for secondary subphenotype analyses based on testis position, laterality and age, and defined genome-wide significance as P = 7 × 10(-9) to correct for multiple testing. Selected markers were genotyped in an independent replication group of European cases (n = 298) and controls (n = 324). We used several bioinformatics tools to analyze top (P < 10(-5)) and suggestive (P < 10(-3)) signals for significant enrichment of signaling pathways, cellular functions and custom gene lists after multiple testing correction. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE In the full analysis, we identified 20 top loci, none reaching genome-wide significance, but one passing this threshold in a subphenotype analysis of proximal testis position (rs55867206, near SH3PXD2B, odds ratio = 2.2 (95% confidence interval 1.7, 2.9), P = 2 × 10(-9)). An additional 127 top loci emerged in at least one secondary analysis, particularly of more severe phenotypes. Cytoskeleton-dependent molecular and cellular functions were prevalent in pathway analysis of suggestive signals, and may implicate loci encoding cytoskeletal proteins that participate in androgen receptor signaling. Genes linked to human syndromic cryptorchidism, including hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, and to hormone-responsive and/or differentially expressed genes in normal and cryptorchid rat gubernaculum, were also significantly overrepresented. No tested marker showed significant replication in an independent population. The results suggest heterogeneous, multilocus and potentially multifactorial susceptibility to nonsyndromic cryptorchidism. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The present study failed to identify genome-wide significant markers associated with cryptorchidism that could be replicated in an independent population, so further studies are required to define true positive signals among suggestive loci. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS As the only GWAS to date of nonsyndromic cryptorchidism, these data will provide a basis for future efforts to understand genetic susceptibility to this common reproductive anomaly and the potential for additive risk from environmental exposures. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS This work was supported by R01HD060769 (the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute for Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)), P20RR20173 (the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), currently P20GM103464 from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)), an Institute Development Fund to the Center for Applied Genomics at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and Nemours Biomedical Research. The authors have no competing interests to declare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Spencer Barthold
- Nemours Biomedical Research, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA Division of Urology, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
| | - Yanping Wang
- Nemours Biomedical Research, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
| | - Thomas F Kolon
- Division of Urology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Claude Kollin
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Agneta Nordenskjöld
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alicia Olivant Fisher
- Nemours Biomedical Research, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
| | - T Ernesto Figueroa
- Division of Urology, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
| | - Ahmad H BaniHani
- Division of Urology, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
| | - Jennifer A Hagerty
- Division of Urology, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
| | - Ricardo Gonzaléz
- Division of Urology, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA Present address: Auf der Bult Kinder- und Jugendkrankenhaus, Hannover, Germany
| | - Paul H Noh
- Division of Urology, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA Present address: Division of Pediatric Urology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Rosetta M Chiavacci
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kisha R Harden
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Debra J Abrams
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Cecilia E Kim
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jin Li
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA Division of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Marcella Devoto
- Division of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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27
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Ádám C, Fekete A, Bőgel G, Németh Z, Tőkési N, Ovádi J, Liliom K, Pesti S, Geiszt M, Buday L. Accumulation of the PX domain mutant Frank-ter Haar syndrome protein Tks4 in aggresomes. Cell Commun Signal 2015; 13:33. [PMID: 26183326 PMCID: PMC4504077 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-015-0108-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cells deploy quality control mechanisms to remove damaged or misfolded proteins. Recently, we have reported that a mutation (R43W) in the Frank-ter Haar syndrome protein Tks4 resulted in aberrant intracellular localization. Results Here we demonstrate that the accumulation of Tks4R43W depends on the intact microtubule network. Detergent-insoluble Tks4 mutant colocalizes with the centrosome and its aggregate is encaged by the intermediate filament protein vimentin. Both the microtubule inhibitor nocodazole and the histone deacetylase inhibitor Trichostatin A inhibit markedly the aggresome formation in cells expressing Tks4R43W. Finally, pretreatment of cells with the proteasome inhibitor MG132 markedly increases the level of aggresomes formed by Tks4R43W. Furthermore, two additional mutant Tks4 proteins (Tks41–48 or Tks41–341) have been investigated. Whereas the shorter Tks4 mutant, Tks41–48, shows no expression at all, the longer Tks4 truncation mutant accumulates in the nuclei of the cells. Conclusions Our results suggest that misfolded Frank-ter Haar syndrome protein Tks4R43W is transported via the microtubule system to the aggresomes. Lack of expression of Tks41–48 or aberrant intracellular expressions of Tks4R43W and Tks41–341 strongly suggest that these mutations result in dysfunctional proteins which are not capable of operating properly, leading to the development of FTHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Ádám
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, Budapest, 1117, Hungary.
| | - Anna Fekete
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, Budapest, 1117, Hungary.
| | - Gábor Bőgel
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Zsuzsanna Németh
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, Budapest, 1117, Hungary.
| | - Natália Tőkési
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, Budapest, 1117, Hungary.
| | - Judit Ovádi
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, Budapest, 1117, Hungary.
| | - Károly Liliom
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, Budapest, 1117, Hungary.
| | - Szabolcs Pesti
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Miklós Geiszt
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest, Hungary. .,"Lendület" Peroxidase Enzyme Research Group of the Semmelweis University and the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - László Buday
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, Budapest, 1117, Hungary. .,Department of Medical Chemistry, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest, Hungary.
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28
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Regulation of human genome expression and RNA splicing by human papillomavirus 16 E2 protein. Virology 2014; 468-470:10-18. [PMID: 25129434 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2014.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16) is causative in human cancer. The E2 protein regulates transcription from and replication of the viral genome; the role of E2 in regulating the host genome has been less well studied. We have expressed HPV16 E2 (E2) stably in U2OS cells; these cells tolerate E2 expression well and gene expression analysis identified 74 genes showing differential expression specific to E2. Analysis of published gene expression data sets during cervical cancer progression identified 20 of the genes as being altered in a similar direction as the E2 specific genes. In addition, E2 altered the splicing of many genes implicated in cancer and cell motility. The E2 expressing cells showed no alteration in cell growth but were altered in cell motility, consistent with the E2 induced altered splicing predicted to affect this cellular function. The results present a model system for investigating E2 regulation of the host genome.
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29
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Saatchi M, Schnabel RD, Taylor JF, Garrick DJ. Large-effect pleiotropic or closely linked QTL segregate within and across ten US cattle breeds. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:442. [PMID: 24906442 PMCID: PMC4102727 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The availability of high-density SNP assays including the BovineSNP50 (50 K) enables the identification of novel quantitative trait loci (QTL) and improvement of the resolution of the locations of previously mapped QTL. We performed a series of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using 50 K genotypes scored in 18,274 animals from 10 US beef cattle breeds with observations for twelve body weights, calving ease and carcass traits. Results A total of 159 large-effects QTL (defined as 1-Mb genome windows explaining more than 1% of additive genetic variance) were identified. In general, more QTL were identified in analyses with bigger sample sizes. Four large-effect pleiotropic or closely linked QTLs located on BTA6 at 37–42 Mb (primarily at 38 Mb), on BTA7 at 93 Mb, on BTA14 at 23–26 Mb (primarily at 25 Mb) and on BTA20 at 4 Mb were identified in more than one breed. Several breed-specific large-effect pleiotropic or closely linked QTL were also identified. Some identified QTL regions harbor genes known to have large effects on a variety of traits in cattle such as PLAG1 and MSTN and others harbor promising candidate genes including NCAPG, ARRDC3, ERGIC1, SH3PXD2B, HMGA2, MSRB3, LEMD3, TIGAR, SEPT7, and KIRREL3. Gene ontology analysis revealed that genes involved in ossification and in adipose tissue development were over-represented in the identified pleiotropic QTL. Also, the MAPK signaling pathway was identified as a common pathway affected by the genes located near the pleiotropic QTL. Conclusions This largest GWAS ever performed in beef cattle, led us to discover several novel across-breed and breed-specific large-effect pleiotropic QTL that cumulatively account for a significant percentage of additive genetic variance (e.g. more than a third of additive genetic variance of birth and mature weights; and calving ease direct in Hereford). These results will improve our understanding of the biology of growth and body composition in cattle. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-442) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dorian J Garrick
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames 50011, USA.
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Bai XH, Cho HR, Moodley S, Liu M. XB130-A Novel Adaptor Protein: Gene, Function, and Roles in Tumorigenesis. SCIENTIFICA 2014; 2014:903014. [PMID: 24995146 PMCID: PMC4068053 DOI: 10.1155/2014/903014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Several adaptor proteins have previously been shown to play an important role in the promotion of tumourigenesis. XB130 (AFAP1L2) is an adaptor protein involved in many cellular functions, such as cell survival, cell proliferation, migration, and gene and miRNA expression. XB130's functional domains and motifs enable its interaction with a multitude of proteins involved in several different signaling pathways. As a tyrosine kinase substrate, tyrosine phosphorylated XB130 associates with the p85 α regulatory subunit of phosphoinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and subsequently affects Akt activity and its downstream signalling. Tumourigenesis studies show that downregulation of XB130 expression by RNAi inhibits tumor growth in mouse xenograft models. Furthermore, XB130 affects tumor oncogenicity by regulating the expression of specific tumour suppressing miRNAs. The expression level and pattern of XB130 has been studied in various human tumors, such as thyroid, esophageal, and gastric cancers, as well as, soft tissue tumors. Studies show the significant effects of XB130 in tumourigenesis and suggest its potential as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hui Bai
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1L7
| | - Hae-Ra Cho
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1L7 ; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 1A8
| | - Serisha Moodley
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1L7 ; Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 1A8
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1L7 ; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 1A8 ; Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 1A8 ; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 149 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 1P5
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Fekete A, Bőgel G, Pesti S, Péterfi Z, Geiszt M, Buday L. EGF regulates tyrosine phosphorylation and membrane-translocation of the scaffold protein Tks5. J Mol Signal 2013; 8:8. [PMID: 23924390 PMCID: PMC3765130 DOI: 10.1186/1750-2187-8-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tks5/FISH is a scaffold protein comprising of five SH3 domains and one PX domain. Tks5 is a substrate of the tyrosine kinase Src and is required for the organization of podosomes/invadopodia implicated in invasion of tumor cells. Recent data have suggested that a close homologue of Tks5, Tks4, is implicated in the EGF signaling. Results Here, we report that Tks5 is a component of the EGF signaling pathway. In EGF-treated cells, Tks5 is tyrosine phosphorylated within minutes and the level of phosphorylation is sustained for at least 2 hours. Using specific kinase inhibitors, we demonstrate that tyrosine phosphorylation of Tks5 is catalyzed by Src tyrosine kinase. We show that treatment of cells with EGF results in plasma membrane translocation of Tks5. In addition, treatment of cells with LY294002, an inhibitor of PI 3-kinase, or mutation of the PX domain reduces tyrosine phosphorylation and membrane translocation of Tks5. Conclusions Our results identify Tks5 as a novel component of the EGF signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Fekete
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Center for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest 1113, Hungary
| | - Gábor Bőgel
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest 1094, Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Pesti
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest 1094, Hungary
| | - Zalán Péterfi
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Miklós Geiszt
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest, Hungary ; "Lendület" Peroxidase Enzyme Research Group of the Semmelweis University and the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest 1094, Hungary
| | - László Buday
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Center for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest 1113, Hungary ; Department of Medical Chemistry, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest 1094, Hungary
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Felkl M, Tomas K, Smid M, Mattes J, Windoffer R, Leube RE. Monitoring the cytoskeletal EGF response in live gastric carcinoma cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e45280. [PMID: 23028903 PMCID: PMC3459943 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Accepted: 08/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered cell motility is considered to be a key factor in determining tumor invasion and metastasis. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling has been implicated in this process by affecting cytoskeletal organization and dynamics in multiple ways. To sort the temporal and spatial regulation of EGF-dependent cytoskeletal re-organization in relation to a cell's motile behavior time-lapse microscopy was performed on EGF-responsive gastric carcinoma-derived MKN1 cells co-expressing different fluorescently labeled cytoskeletal filaments and focal adhesion components in various combinations. The experiments showed that EGF almost instantaneously induces a considerable increase in membrane ruffling and lamellipodial activity that can be inhibited by Cetuximab EGF receptor antibodies and is not elicited in non-responsive gastric carcinoma Hs746T cells. The transient cell extensions are rich in actin but lack microtubules and keratin intermediate filaments. We show that this EGF-induced increase in membrane motility can be measured by a simple image processing routine. Microtubule plus-ends subsequently invade growing cell extensions, which start to accumulate focal complexes at the lamellipodium-lamellum junction. Such paxillin-positive complexes mature into focal adhesions by tyrosine phosphorylation and recruitment of zyxin. These adhesions then serve as nucleation sites for keratin filaments which are used to enlarge the neighboring peripheral keratin network. Focal adhesions are either disassembled or give rise to stable zyxin-rich fibrillar adhesions which disassemble in the presence of EGF to support formation of new focal adhesion sites in the cell periphery. Taken together the results serve as a basis for modeling the early cytoskeletal EGF response as a tightly coordinated and step-wise process which is relevant for the prediction of the effectiveness of anti-EGF receptor-based tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Felkl
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Kazmar Tomas
- Software Competence Center Hagenberg GmbH, Hagenberg, Austria
| | - Matej Smid
- Software Competence Center Hagenberg GmbH, Hagenberg, Austria
| | - Julian Mattes
- Software Competence Center Hagenberg GmbH, Hagenberg, Austria
| | - Reinhard Windoffer
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rudolf E. Leube
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Bögel G, Gujdár A, Geiszt M, Lányi Á, Fekete A, Sipeki S, Downward J, Buday L. Frank-ter Haar syndrome protein Tks4 regulates epidermal growth factor-dependent cell migration. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:31321-9. [PMID: 22829589 PMCID: PMC3438961 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.324897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the SH3PXD2B gene coding for the Tks4 protein are responsible for the autosomal recessive Frank-ter Haar syndrome. Tks4, a substrate of Src tyrosine kinase, is implicated in the regulation of podosome formation. Here, we report a novel role for Tks4 in the EGF signaling pathway. In EGF-treated cells, Tks4 is tyrosine-phosphorylated and associated with the activated EGF receptor. This association is not direct but requires the presence of Src tyrosine kinase. In addition, treatment of cells with LY294002, an inhibitor of PI 3-kinase, or mutations of the PX domain reduces tyrosine phosphorylation and membrane translocation of Tks4. Furthermore, a PX domain mutant (R43W) Tks4 carrying a reported point mutation in a Frank-ter Haar syndrome patient showed aberrant intracellular expression and reduced phosphoinositide binding. Finally, silencing of Tks4 was shown to markedly inhibit HeLa cell migration in a Boyden chamber assay in response to EGF or serum. Our results therefore reveal a new function for Tks4 in the regulation of growth factor-dependent cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Bögel
- From the Departments of Medical Chemistry and
| | | | - Miklós Geiszt
- Physiology, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest 1094, Hungary
| | - Árpád Lányi
- the Institute of Immunology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen 4032, Hungary
| | - Anna Fekete
- the Institute of Enzymology, Research Center for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest 1113, Hungary, and
| | | | - Julian Downward
- the Cancer Research United Kingdom, London Research Institute, London WC2A 3PX, United Kingdom
| | - László Buday
- From the Departments of Medical Chemistry and
- the Institute of Enzymology, Research Center for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest 1113, Hungary, and
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