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Tammas I, Bitchava K, Gelasakis AI. Transforming Aquaculture through Vaccination: A Review on Recent Developments and Milestones. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:732. [PMID: 39066370 PMCID: PMC11281524 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12070732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aquaculture has rapidly emerged as one of the fastest growing industries, expanding both on global and on national fronts. With the ever-increasing demand for proteins with a high biological value, the aquaculture industry has established itself as one of the most efficient forms of animal production, proving to be a vital component of global food production by supplying nearly half of aquatic food products intended for human consumption. As in classic animal production, the prevention of diseases constitutes an enduring challenge associated with severe economic and environmental repercussions. Nevertheless, remarkable strides in the development of aquaculture vaccines have been recently witnessed, offering sustainable solutions to persistent health-related issues challenging resilient aquaculture production. These advancements are characterized by breakthroughs in increased species-specific precision, improved vaccine-delivery systems, and innovations in vaccine development, following the recent advent of nanotechnology, biotechnology, and artificial intelligence in the -omics era. The objective of this paper was to assess recent developments and milestones revolving around aquaculture vaccinology and provide an updated overview of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the sector, by incorporating and comparatively discussing various diffuse advances that span across a wide range of topics, including emerging vaccine technologies, innovative delivery methods, insights on novel adjuvants, and parasite vaccine development for the aquaculture sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iosif Tammas
- Laboratory of Applied Hydrobiology, Department of Animal Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece;
| | - Konstantina Bitchava
- Laboratory of Applied Hydrobiology, Department of Animal Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece;
| | - Athanasios I. Gelasakis
- Laboratory of Anatomy & Physiology of Farm Animals, Department of Animal Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
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Cox N, De Swaef E, Corteel M, Van Den Broeck W, Bossier P, Nauwynck HJ, Dantas-Lima JJ. Experimental Infection Models and Their Usefulness for White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) Research in Shrimp. Viruses 2024; 16:813. [PMID: 38793694 PMCID: PMC11125927 DOI: 10.3390/v16050813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is marked as one of the most economically devastating pathogens in shrimp aquaculture worldwide. Infection of cultured shrimp can lead to mass mortality (up to 100%). Although progress has been made, our understanding of WSSV's infection process and the virus-host-environment interaction is far from complete. This in turn hinders the development of effective mitigation strategies against WSSV. Infection models occupy a crucial first step in the research flow that tries to elucidate the infectious disease process to develop new antiviral treatments. Moreover, since the establishment of continuous shrimp cell lines is a work in progress, the development and use of standardized in vivo infection models that reflect the host-pathogen interaction in shrimp is a necessity. This review critically examines key aspects of in vivo WSSV infection model development that are often overlooked, such as standardization, (post)larval quality, inoculum type and choice of inoculation procedure, housing conditions, and shrimp welfare considerations. Furthermore, the usefulness of experimental infection models for different lines of WSSV research will be discussed with the aim to aid researchers when choosing a suitable model for their research needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasja Cox
- IMAQUA, 9080 Lochristi, Belgium; (E.D.S.); (M.C.); (J.J.D.-L.)
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium;
| | | | - Mathias Corteel
- IMAQUA, 9080 Lochristi, Belgium; (E.D.S.); (M.C.); (J.J.D.-L.)
| | - Wim Van Den Broeck
- Department of Morphology, Medical Imaging, Orthopedics, Physiotherapy and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium;
| | - Peter Bossier
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Hans J. Nauwynck
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium;
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Lanz-Mendoza H, Gálvez D, Contreras-Garduño J. The plasticity of immune memory in invertebrates. J Exp Biol 2024; 227:jeb246158. [PMID: 38449328 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.246158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Whether specific immune protection after initial pathogen exposure (immune memory) occurs in invertebrates has long been uncertain. The absence of antibodies, B-cells and T-cells, and the short lifespans of invertebrates led to the hypothesis that immune memory does not occur in these organisms. However, research in the past two decades has supported the existence of immune memory in several invertebrate groups, including Ctenophora, Cnidaria, Nematoda, Mollusca and Arthropoda. Interestingly, some studies have demonstrated immune memory that is specific to the parasite strain. Nonetheless, other work does not provide support for immune memory in invertebrates or offers only partial support. Moreover, the expected biphasic immune response, a characteristic of adaptive immune memory in vertebrates, varies within and between invertebrate species. This variation may be attributed to the influence of biotic or abiotic factors, particularly parasites, on the outcome of immune memory. Despite its critical importance for survival, the role of phenotypic plasticity in immune memory has not been systematically examined in the past two decades. Additionally, the features of immune responses occurring in diverse environments have yet to be fully characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humberto Lanz-Mendoza
- Centro de Investigaciones sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, INSP, 62100 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Dumas Gálvez
- Coiba Scientific Station, City of Knowledge, Calle Gustavo Lara, Boulevard 145B, Clayton 0843-01853, Panama
- Programa Centroamericano de Maestría en Entomología, Universidad de Panamá, Estafeta universitaria, Avenida Simón Bolívar, 0824, Panama
- Sistema Nacional de Investigación, Edificio 205, Ciudad del Saber, 0816-02852, Panama
| | - Jorge Contreras-Garduño
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Morelia, UNAM, 58190 Morelia, Mexico
- Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Duhan N, Kaundal R. HuCoPIA: An Atlas of Human vs. SARS-CoV-2 Interactome and the Comparative Analysis with Other Coronaviridae Family Viruses. Viruses 2023; 15:492. [PMID: 36851706 PMCID: PMC9962590 DOI: 10.3390/v15020492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2, a novel betacoronavirus strain, has caused a pandemic that has claimed the lives of nearly 6.7M people worldwide. Vaccines and medicines are being developed around the world to reduce the disease spread, fatality rates, and control the new variants. Understanding the protein-protein interaction mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 in humans, and their comparison with the previous SARS-CoV and MERS strains, is crucial for these efforts. These interactions might be used to assess vaccination effectiveness, diagnose exposure, and produce effective biotherapeutics. Here, we present the HuCoPIA database, which contains approximately 100,000 protein-protein interactions between humans and three strains (SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS) of betacoronavirus. The interactions in the database are divided into common interactions between all three strains and those unique to each strain. It also contains relevant functional annotation information of human proteins. The HuCoPIA database contains SARS-CoV-2 (41,173), SARS-CoV (31,997), and MERS (26,862) interactions, with functional annotation of human proteins like subcellular localization, tissue-expression, KEGG pathways, and Gene ontology information. We believe HuCoPIA will serve as an invaluable resource to diverse experimental biologists, and will help to advance the research in better understanding the mechanism of betacoronaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Duhan
- Department of Plants, Soils, and Climate/Center for Integrated BioSystems, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
- Bioinformatics Facility, Center for Integrated BioSystems, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Rakesh Kaundal
- Department of Plants, Soils, and Climate/Center for Integrated BioSystems, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
- Bioinformatics Facility, Center for Integrated BioSystems, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
- Department of Computer Science, College of Science, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
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Baculovirus Display of Peptides and Proteins for Medical Applications. Viruses 2023; 15:v15020411. [PMID: 36851625 PMCID: PMC9962271 DOI: 10.3390/v15020411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Baculoviridae is a large family of arthropod-infective viruses. Recombinant baculoviruses have many applications, the best known is as a system for large scale protein production in combination with insect cell cultures. More recently recombinant baculoviruses have been utilized for the display of proteins of interest with applications in medicine. In the present review we analyze the different strategies for the display of proteins and peptides on the surface of recombinant baculoviruses and provide some examples of the different proteins displayed. We analyze briefly the commercially available systems for recombinant baculovirus production and display and discuss the future of this emerging and powerful technology.
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Rab7 Investigation Insights into the Existence of White Spot Syndrome Virus in Crustaceans: An In Silico Approach. Adv Virol 2022; 2022:3887441. [PMID: 36313590 PMCID: PMC9613395 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3887441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, previously published Rab7 sequences from National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) have been investigated from chordates, mollusks, annelids, cnidarians, amphibians, priapulids, brachiopods, and arthropods including decapods and other groups. Among decapod crustacean isolates, amino acid variations were found in 13 locations. Penaeid shrimps had variations in positions 13 (I ⟶ J), 22 (T ⟶ A), 124 (G ⟶ X), and 149 (V ⟶ X) while interestingly the freshwater prawn and mitten crab both had amino acid substitutions in positions 87 (V ⟶ C) and 95 (T ⟶ S) along with the other disagreements in amino acid positions 178 (S ⟶ N), 201 (D ⟶ E), 181 (E ⟶ D), 182 (L ⟶ I), 183 (Y ⟶ G), 184 (N ⟶ H), and 198 (A ⟶ T). Among 100 isolates of Rab7 from organisms of various phyla, mutations were observed in several positions. These mutations caused variations in hydrophobicity and isoelectric point which impact the ligand-protein binding affinity. Some common mutations were found in the organisms of the same phylum and among different phyla. Homology modeling of Rab7 proteins from different organisms was done using SWISS-MODEL and validated further by developing Ramachandran plots. Protein-protein docking showed that active residues were there in the binding interfaces of Rab7 from organisms of seven different phyla and VP28 of WSSV. Similarities were observed in the Rab7-VP28 complexes in those selected organisms which differed from the Rab7-VP28 complex in the case of Penaeid shrimp. The findings of this study suggest that WSSV may exist in different marine organisms that have Rab7 protein and transmit to crustaceans like shrimps and crabs which are of commercial importance.
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Li SC, He JG. A generalizable and tunable engineered ecosystem provides a clear route to prosperity and well-being to harness the world's aquatic "blue" food systems to help end hunger: A perspective. FRONTIERS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022; 2:886808. [PMID: 36312446 PMCID: PMC9617584 DOI: 10.3389/frfst.2022.886808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Seafood security is essential in modern society. In 2013, Bush and colleagues stated, 'Aquaculture, farming aquatic organisms, provides close to 50% of the world's supply of seafood, with a value of United States $125 billion. It makes up 13% of the world's animal-source protein (excluding eggs and dairy) and employs an estimated 24 million people'. With the increase in the human population and reducing fishing resources, humans increasingly rely on aquacultural products as the primary protein sources for many countries. Aquacultural productivity has been improving in recent years, and in certain countries, the aquaculture output is more than the fishing output. For example, Chinese aquaculture production is more than fishing output, which provides one-third of animal protein. Thus, intensive aquaculture has become the main supply with global aquatic products (FAO). In recent years, it is estimated that each person consumption of aquaculture products is 130 kg in some countries (Iceland). Here, we illustrate the road blocker in farmed shrimp production and provide our resolution. The global pandemic of white spot syndrome (WSS), caused by the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), bears a devastating economic loss in farmed shrimp production, thereby jeopardizing seafood security. Currently, there is no effective control for WSS. Conventional single-species intensive farming removes the spatiotemporal interaction between different species. We hypothesize that establishing the spatiotemporal interface of a predator-prey may control WSS outbreak. We search for the pathways for the mechanisms by which predator-prey species interact and compete across spatial scales to characterize WSSV dispersal at regional scales for the local spatiotemporal structure of viral transmission. Thus, we create a generalizable and tunable engineered ecosystem that provides a clear route to prosperity and well-being to harness the world's aquatic "blue" food systems to help end hunger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwen Calvin Li
- University of CA-Irvine School of Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA, United States
| | - Jian-Guo He
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Lanz-Mendoza H, Contreras-Garduño J. Innate immune memory in invertebrates: Concept and potential mechanisms. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 127:104285. [PMID: 34626688 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Invertebrates are the protagonists of a recent paradigm shift because they now show that vertebrates are not the only group with immune memory. This review discusses the concept of immune priming, its characteristics, and differences with trained immunity and immune enhancement. We include an update of the current status of immune priming within generations in different groups of invertebrates which now include work in 5 Phyla: Ctenophora, Cnidaria, Mollusca, Nematoda, and Arthropoda. Clearly, few Phyla have been studied. We also resume and discuss the effector mechanism related to immune memory, including integrating viral elements into the genome, endoreplication, and epigenetics. The roles of other elements are incorporated, such as hemocytes, immune pathways, and metabolisms. We conclude that taking care of the experimental procedure will discern if results provide or do not support the invertebrates' immune memory and that regarding mechanisms, indeed, there are no studies on the immune memory mechanisms, this is how specificity is reached, and how and where the immune memory is stored and how is recall upon subsequent encounters. Finally, we discuss the possibility of having more than one mechanism working in different groups of invertebrates depending on the environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humberto Lanz-Mendoza
- Centro de Investigaciones sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, INSP, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
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Soo TCC, Bhassu S. Differential STAT gene expressions of Penaeus monodon and Macrobrachium rosenbergii in response to white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and bacterial infections: Additional insight into genetic variations and transcriptomic highlights. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258655. [PMID: 34653229 PMCID: PMC8519450 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Diseases have remained the major issue for shrimp aquaculture industry for decades by which different shrimp species demonstrated alternative disease resistance or tolerance. However, there had been insufficient studies on the underlying host mechanisms of such phenomenon. Hence, in this study, the main objective involves gaining a deeper understanding into the functional importance of shrimp STAT gene from the aspects of expression, sequence, structure, and associated genes. STAT gene was selected primarily because of its vital signalling roles in stress, endocrine, and immune response. The differential gene expressions of Macrobrachium rosenbergii STAT (MrST) and Penaeus monodon STAT (PmST) under White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) and Vibrio parahaemolyticus/VpAHPND infections were identified through qPCR analysis. Notably, during both pathogenic infections, MrST demonstrated significant gene expression down-regulations (during either early or later post-infection time points) whereas PmST showed only significant gene expression up-regulations. Important sequence conservation or divergence was highlighted through STAT sequence comparison especially amino acid alterations at 614 aa [K (Lysine) to E (Glutamic Acid)] and 629 aa [F (Phenylalanine) to V (Valine)] from PmST (AY327491.1) to PmST (disease tolerant strain). There were significant differences observed between in silico characterized structures of MrST and PmST proteins. Important functional differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the aspects of stress, endocrine, immune, signalling, and structural were uncovered through comparative transcriptomic analysis. The DEGs associated with STAT functioning were identified including inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor, hsp90, caspase, ATP binding cassette transmembrane transporter, C-type Lectin, HMGB, ALF1, ALF3, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and TBK1. The main findings of this study are STAT differential gene expression patterns, sequence divergence, structural differences, and associated functional DEGs. These findings can be further utilized for shrimp health or host response diagnostic studies. STAT gene can also be proposed as a suitable candidate for future studies of shrimp innate immune enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tze Chiew Christie Soo
- Faculty of Science, Animal Genetics and Genome Evolutionary Laboratory (AGAGEL), Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Subha Bhassu
- Faculty of Science, Animal Genetics and Genome Evolutionary Laboratory (AGAGEL), Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Terra Aqua Laboratory, Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Research Management and Innovation Complex, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Le Linh H, Thu NPA, Dung TTX, Van Hau N, Nghia NH, Thao DTP. Yeast cell surface displaying VP28 antigen and its potential application for shrimp farming. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:6345-6354. [PMID: 34410438 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11493-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
VP28 is an envelope protein of White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV), which has been shown in previous studies to induce a high immune response in shrimp. VP28 has been produced in some host systems such as Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Pichia pastoris as free protein. Here we showed a new strategy of anchoring VP28 on the Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast surface and using the yeast cell extract combined with probiotic as an oral vaccine for shrimp farming. We have successfully constructed a recombinant yeast cell capable of expressing VP28 on the cell surface. The feeding diet combined with VP28 anchored yeast cell extract provided significant assurance to Litopenaeus vannamei, challenged by WSSV, resulting in a relative percent survival (RPS) of 87.10 ± 2.15%. Interestingly, the utilization of VP28 anchored yeast cell extract could enhance the efficiency of probiotic strains like Lactobacillus and Bacillus on shrimp farming. The results in both laboratory scales and field trials using extract of VP28 displaying Saccharomyces showed a growth-promoting effect in shrimp, assessed through average shrimp weight. Taken together, our results in this study demonstrated a new successful strategy of using yeast cell surface as a tool to produce VP28-based oral vaccine for shrimp aquaculture. KEY POINTS: • A new strategy of using VP28 antigen as anchored protein on S. cerevisiae yeast cell surface (S. cerevisiae::VP28) • The utilization of VP28 antigen and yeast as S. cerevisiae::VP28 extract enhanced potential protection of Litopenaeus vannamei against White Spot Syndrome Virus (RPS 87.10%) • The use of S. cerevisiae::VP28 extract increased efficiency of probiotic on shrimp growth-promoting effect either lab-scale or field trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Le Linh
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Pham Anh Thu
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tran Thi Xuan Dung
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Van Hau
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Hieu Nghia
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Dang Thi Phuong Thao
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
- Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnology, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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Lei H, Li S, Lu X, Ren Y. Oral administration of Saccharomyces cerevisiae displaying VP28-VP24 confers protection against white spot syndrome virus in shrimp. Virus Res 2021; 302:198467. [PMID: 34062193 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2021.198467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is the major pathogen that leads to severe mortalities in cultured shrimp worldwide. The envelope proteins VP28 and VP24 of WSSV are considered potential vaccine candidate antigens. In this study, we utilized a Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) surface display system to demonstrate the feasibility of this platform for developing a vaccine candidate against WSSV. EBY100/pYD1-VP28-VP24 was generated, and the fusion protein VP28-VP24 was present on the surface of S. cerevisiae. Penaeus vannamei (P. vannamei) was used as an animal model. Oral administration of EBY100/pYD1-VP28-VP24 could induce significant activities of immune-related enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and phenoloxidase (PO). Importantly, WSSV challenge indicated that oral administration of EBY100/pYD1-VP28-VP24 could confer 100% protection with a corresponding decrease in the viral load. The collective results strongly highlight the potential of a S. cerevisiae-based oral vaccine as an efficient control strategy for combating WSSV infection in shrimp aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Lei
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China.
| | - Shuangqin Li
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Lu
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Ren
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China
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NaveenKumar S, Rai P, Karunasagar I, Karunasagar I. Recombinant viral proteins delivered orally through inactivated bacterial cells induce protection in Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) against White Tail Disease. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2021; 44:601-612. [PMID: 33210311 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
White tail disease (WTD) is a disease of Macrobrachium rosenbergii caused by Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV) and extra small virus (XSV) with the potential to devastate the aquaculture industry. The present study aimed to explore the possible protection of M. rosenbergii against the disease by oral administration of bacterially expressed recombinant capsid proteins of MrNV and XSV. Juvenile M. rosenbergii were fed with the feed coated with inactivated bacteria encapsulated expressed recombinant viral proteins either individually or in combination for 7 days. Challenge studies using WTD causing agents were carried out after 3 (group I), 10 (group II) and 20 (group III) days post-feeding of viral proteins. Recombinant capsid protein of MrNV showed better protection when compared to other treatments with relative per cent survival of 62.5% (group I), 57.9% (group II) and 39.5% (group III). Treatment controls of groups I, II and III showed 100%, 95% and 95% mortality, respectively. The study demonstrates that oral administration of recombinant capsid proteins of MrNV and XSV provides effective protection against WTD in freshwater prawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Singaiah NaveenKumar
- Fisheries Research Centre, Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture, Saihat, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Praveen Rai
- NITTE (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Mangaluru, India
| | - Indrani Karunasagar
- NITTE (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Mangaluru, India
| | - Iddya Karunasagar
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), University Enclave, Medical Sciences Complex, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, India
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Tao LN, Liu ZH, Xu HL, Lu Y, Liao M, He F. LvYY1 Activates WSSV ie1 Promoter for Enhanced Vaccine Production and Efficacy. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:E510. [PMID: 32911686 PMCID: PMC7563808 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8030510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS) has been used as a preferred platform for the production of recombinant protein complexes and efficacious vaccines. However, limited protein yield hinders the application of BEVS. It is well accepted that transcription enhancers are capable of increasing translational efficiency of mRNAs, thereby achieving better protein production. In this study, the ability of LvYY1 as a transcription enhancer was assessed. LvYY1 could interact with the WSSV ie1 promoter via binding to special DNA sites in BEVS. The effects of LvYY1 on protein expression mediated by WSSV ie1 promoter of BEVS was investigated using eGFP as a reporter gene. Enhanced eGFP expression was observed in Sf-9 cells with LvYY1. On this basis, a modified vector combining ie1 promoter and LvYY1 was developed to express either secreting CSFV E2 or baculovirus surface displayed H5 HA of AIVs. Compared to control groups without LvYY1, E2 protein yield increases to 1.6-fold, while H5 production improves as revealed by an upregulated hemagglutination titer of 8-fold at least. Moreover, with LvYY1, H5 displaying baculovirus driven by WSSV ie1 promoter (BV-LvYY1-ie1-HA) sustains the transduction activity in CEF cells. In chicken, BV-LvYY1-ie1-HA elicits a robust immune response against H5 AIVs in the absence of adjuvant, as indicated by specific antibody and cytokine responses. The findings suggest its potential function as both a vectored and subunit vaccine. These results demonstrate that the coexpression with LvYY1 serves as a promising strategy to extensively improve the efficiency of BEVS for efficacious vaccine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Na Tao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (L.-N.T.); (Z.-H.L.); (H.-L.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Ze-Hui Liu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (L.-N.T.); (Z.-H.L.); (H.-L.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Hui-Ling Xu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (L.-N.T.); (Z.-H.L.); (H.-L.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Ying Lu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (L.-N.T.); (Z.-H.L.); (H.-L.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Min Liao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Fang He
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (L.-N.T.); (Z.-H.L.); (H.-L.X.); (Y.L.)
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14
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Loaiza CD, Duhan N, Lister M, Kaundal R. In silico prediction of host-pathogen protein interactions in melioidosis pathogen Burkholderia pseudomallei and human reveals novel virulence factors and their targets. Brief Bioinform 2020; 22:5842243. [PMID: 32444871 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbz162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aerobic, Gram-negative motile bacillus, Burkholderia pseudomallei is a facultative intracellular bacterium causing melioidosis, a critical disease of public health importance, which is widely endemic in the tropics and subtropical regions of the world. Melioidosis is associated with high case fatality rates in animals and humans; even with treatment, its mortality is 20-50%. It also infects plants and is designated as a biothreat agent. B. pseudomallei is pathogenic due to its ability to invade, resist factors in serum and survive intracellularly. Despite its importance, to date only a few effector proteins have been functionally characterized, and there is not much information regarding the host-pathogen protein-protein interactions (PPI) of this system, which are important to studying infection mechanisms and thereby develop prevention measures. We explored two computational approaches, the homology-based interolog and the domain-based method, to predict genome-scale host-pathogen interactions (HPIs) between two different strains of B. pseudomallei (prototypical, and highly virulent) and human. In total, 76 335 common HPIs (between the two strains) were predicted involving 8264 human and 1753 B. pseudomallei proteins. Among the unique PPIs, 14 131 non-redundant HPIs were found to be unique between the prototypical strain and human, compared to 3043 non-redundant HPIs between the highly virulent strain and human. The protein hubs analysis showed that most B. pseudomallei proteins formed a hub with human dnaK complex proteins associated with tuberculosis, a disease similar in symptoms to melioidosis. In addition, drug-binding and carbohydrate-binding mechanisms were found overrepresented within the host-pathogen network, and metabolic pathways were frequently activated according to the pathway enrichment. Subcellular localization analysis showed that most of the pathogen proteins are targeting human proteins inside cytoplasm and nucleus. We also discovered the host targets of the drug-related pathogen proteins and proteins that form T3SS and T6SS in B. pseudomallei. Additionally, a comparison between the unique PPI patterns present in the prototypical and highly virulent strains was performed. The current study is the first report on developing a genome-scale host-pathogen protein interaction networks between the human and B. pseudomallei, a critical biothreat agent. We have identified novel virulence factors and their interacting partners in the human proteome. These PPIs can be further validated by high-throughput experiments and may give new insights on how B. pseudomallei interacts with its host, which will help medical researchers in developing better prevention measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian D Loaiza
- Center for Integrated BioSystems/Department of Plants, Soils, and Climate, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, USA
| | - Naveen Duhan
- Center for Integrated BioSystems/Department of Plants, Soils, and Climate, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, USA
| | - Matthew Lister
- Bioinformatics Facility, Center for Integrated BioSystems, Utah State University, USA
| | - Rakesh Kaundal
- Department of Plants, Soils, and Climate/Center for Integrated BioSystems, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322 USA
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15
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Sivakumar S, Vimal S, Abdul Majeed S, Santhosh Kumar S, Taju G, Madan N, Rajkumar T, Thamizhvanan S, Shamsudheen KV, Scaria V, Sivasubbu S, Sahul Hameed AS. A new strain of white spot syndrome virus affecting Litopenaeus vannamei in Indian shrimp farms. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2018; 41:1129-1146. [PMID: 29745450 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV)-infected shrimp samples collected from grow-out ponds located at Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India, showed WSSV negative and positive by PCR using primer sets specific to ORF119 and VP28 gene of WSSV, respectively. This indicated the deletion of genetic fragments in the genome of WSSV. The WSSV isolate along with lab strain of WSSV was subjected to next-generation sequencing. The sequence analysis revealed a deletion of 13,170 bp at five positions in the genome of WSSV-NS (new strain) relative to WSSV-TH and WSSV-LS (lab strain). The PCR analysis using the ORF's specific primer sets revealed the complete deletion of 10 ORFs in the genome of WSSV-NS strain. The primer set was designed based on sequence covering ORF161/162/163 to amplify a product of 2,748 bp for WSSV-LS and 402 bp for WSSV-NS. Our surveillance programme carried out since 2002 revealed the replacement of WSSV-LS by WSSV-NS in Indian shrimp culture system.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sivakumar
- OIE Reference Laboratory for WTD, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, India
| | - S Vimal
- OIE Reference Laboratory for WTD, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, India
| | - S Abdul Majeed
- OIE Reference Laboratory for WTD, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, India
| | - S Santhosh Kumar
- OIE Reference Laboratory for WTD, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, India
| | - G Taju
- OIE Reference Laboratory for WTD, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, India
| | - N Madan
- OIE Reference Laboratory for WTD, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, India
| | - T Rajkumar
- OIE Reference Laboratory for WTD, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, India
| | - S Thamizhvanan
- OIE Reference Laboratory for WTD, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, India
| | - K V Shamsudheen
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Delhi, India
| | - V Scaria
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Delhi, India
| | - S Sivasubbu
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Delhi, India
| | - A S Sahul Hameed
- OIE Reference Laboratory for WTD, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, India
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16
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Premanand B, Zhong Wee P, Prabakaran M. Baculovirus Surface Display of Immunogenic Proteins for Vaccine Development. Viruses 2018; 10:E298. [PMID: 29857561 PMCID: PMC6024371 DOI: 10.3390/v10060298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccination is an efficient way to prevent the occurrence of many infectious diseases in humans. To date, several viral vectors have been utilized for the generation of vaccines. Among them, baculovirus-categorized as a nonhuman viral vector-has been used in wider applications. Its versatile features, like large cloning capacity, nonreplicative nature in mammalian cells, and broad tissue tropism, hold it at an excellent position among vaccine vectors. In addition to ease and safety during swift production, recent key improvements to existing baculovirus vectors (such as inclusion of hybrid promoters, immunostimulatory elements, etc.) have led to significant improvements in immunogenicity and efficacy of surface-displayed antigens. Furthermore, some promising preclinical results have been reported that mirror the scope and practicality of baculovirus as a vaccine vector for human applications in the near future. Herein, this review provides an overview of the induced immune responses by baculovirus surface-displayed vaccines against influenza and other infectious diseases in animal models, and highlights the strategies applied to enhance the protective immune responses against the displayed antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balraj Premanand
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore.
| | - Poh Zhong Wee
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore.
| | - Mookkan Prabakaran
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore.
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17
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Chang YH, Kumar R, Ng TH, Wang HC. What vaccination studies tell us about immunological memory within the innate immune system of cultured shrimp and crayfish. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 80:53-66. [PMID: 28279805 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The possibility of immunological memory in invertebrates is a topic that has recently attracted a lot of attention. Today, even vertebrates are known to exhibit innate immune responses that show memory-like properties, and since these responses are triggered by cells that are involved in the innate immune system, it seems that immune specificity and immune memory do not necessarily require the presence of B cells and T cells after all. This kind of immune response has been called "immune priming" or "trained immunity". In this report, we review recent observations and our current understanding of immunological memory within the innate immune system in cultured shrimp and crayfish after vaccination with live vaccine, killed vaccine and subunit vaccines. We also discuss the possible mechanisms involved in this immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsuan Chang
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ramya Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tze Hann Ng
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Han-Ching Wang
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC.
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18
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Rajkumar T, Taju G, Abdul Majeed S, Sinwan Sajid M, Santhosh Kumar S, Sivakumar S, Thamizhvanan S, Vimal S, Sahul Hameed AS. Ontogenetic changes in the expression of immune related genes in response to immunostimulants and resistance against white spot syndrome virus in Litopenaeus vannamei. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 76:132-142. [PMID: 28579079 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, researchers have focused on viral and plant immunostimulants which could have beneficial effects in disease prevention and control in shrimp culture. At present, the application of the recombinant VP28 protein (r-VP28) and herbal immunostimulant has been considered as a more effective approach to prevent white spot syndrome (WSS) by enhancing the immune response in shrimp. In the present study, expression of selected immune related genes in response to r-VP28 and herbal immunostimulant mix (HIM) were separately studied qualitatively and quantitatively by RT-PCR and real time PCR, respectively during ontogenetic development from nauplius to juvenile stage in Litopenaeus vannamei. The mRNA expression level of immune related genes such as anti-lipopolysaccharides (ALF), Lysozyme, cMnSOD, Crustin, Prophenoloxidase, Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) and Haemocyanin were found to be up-regulated significantly in different ontogenetic development stages of shrimp fed with r-VP28 and HIM formulated diets. Relative percent survival (RPS) was determined in shrimp fed with immunostimulants formulated diets after oral challenge with WSSV. The survival of WSSV challenged shrimp was found to be higher in immunostimulants treated groups when compared to untreated group. The results of PCR, ELISA and real time PCR revealed the absence of WSSV in WSSV-challenged shrimp after 20 days of treatment with immunostimulants. Among these immunostimulants, HIM was found to be more effective when compared to r-VP28. After a survey of literature, we are of the opinion that this might be the first report on the expression of immune genes during ontogenetic development of L. vannamei in response to immunostimulants.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Rajkumar
- Aquatic Animal Health Laboratory (OIE Reference for WTD), Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - G Taju
- Aquatic Animal Health Laboratory (OIE Reference for WTD), Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Abdul Majeed
- Aquatic Animal Health Laboratory (OIE Reference for WTD), Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Sinwan Sajid
- Aquatic Animal Health Laboratory (OIE Reference for WTD), Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Santhosh Kumar
- Aquatic Animal Health Laboratory (OIE Reference for WTD), Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Sivakumar
- Aquatic Animal Health Laboratory (OIE Reference for WTD), Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Thamizhvanan
- Aquatic Animal Health Laboratory (OIE Reference for WTD), Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Vimal
- School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A S Sahul Hameed
- Aquatic Animal Health Laboratory (OIE Reference for WTD), Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, Tamil Nadu, India.
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19
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Delivery of viral recombinant VP28 protein using chitosan tripolyphosphate nanoparticles to protect the whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei from white spot syndrome virus infection. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 107:1131-1141. [PMID: 28951305 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.09.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The VP28 gene of white spot syndrome virus was amplified by PCR using gene specific primer set and cloned into pRSET B vector to produce recombinant VP28 (r-VP28) in E. coli GJ1158. The chitosan tripolyphosphate nanoparticles (CS/TPP) were prepared by ionic gelation process and characterized. The purified r-VP28 protein was encapsulated by CS/TPP nanoparticles. The encapsulation efficiency of CS/TPP nanoparticles was found to be 84.8% for r-VP28 protein binding with CS/TPP nanoparticles. The in vitro release profile of encapsulated r-VP28 was determined after treating with protease and chitosanase. The different types of feed were formulated and named as normal feed with PBS, Feed A coated with crude r-VP28, Feed B with purified r-VP28 and Feed C with CS/TPP encapsulated r-VP28 (Purified). Tissue distribution and clearance of r-VP28 at different time intervals were examined in shrimp fed with different types of feed by ELISA and the results showed the presence of r-VP28 protein in different organs. Various immunological parameters were assessed in experimental shrimp. The mRNA expression of five immune-related genes was analysed by qPCR in order to investigate their response to all types of feed in shrimp. A cumulative percentage mortality was also recorded in treated shrimp challenged with WSSV.
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20
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Recent progress in the development of white spot syndrome virus vaccines for protecting shrimp against viral infection. Arch Virol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-017-3450-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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21
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Fusion of flagellin 2 with bivalent white spot syndrome virus vaccine increases survival in freshwater shrimp. J Invertebr Pathol 2017; 144:97-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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22
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Puthumana J, Philip R, Bright Singh IS. Transgene expression in Penaeus monodon cells: evaluation of recombinant baculoviral vectors with shrimp specific hybrid promoters. Cytotechnology 2016; 68:1147-59. [PMID: 25982944 PMCID: PMC4960163 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-015-9872-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been realized that shrimp cell immortalization may not be accomplished without in vitro transformation by expressing immortalizing gene in cells. In this process, efficiency of transgene expression is confined to the ability of vectors to transmit gene of interests to the genome. Over the years, unavailability of such vectors has been hampering application of such a strategy in shrimp cells. We report the use of recombinant baculovirus mediated transduction using hybrid promoter system for transgene expression in lymphoid cells of Penaeus monodon. Two recombinant baculovirus vectors with shrimp viral promoters (WSSV-Ie1 and IHHNV-P2) were constructed (BacIe1-GFP and BacP2-GFP) and green fluorescent protein (GFP) used as the transgene. The GFP expression in cells under the control of hybrid promoters, PH-Ie1 or PH-P2, were analyzed and confirmed in shrimp cells. The results indicate that the recombinant baculovirus with shrimp specific viral promoters (hybrid) can be employed for delivery of foreign genes to shrimp cells for in vitro transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayesh Puthumana
- National Centre for Aquatic Animal Health, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi, 682016, Kerala, India
| | - Rosamma Philip
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi, 682016, Kerala, India
| | - I S Bright Singh
- National Centre for Aquatic Animal Health, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi, 682016, Kerala, India.
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23
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Shi Y, Xiang J, Zhou G, Ron TB, Tong HI, Kang W, Sun S, Lu Y. The Pacific White Shrimp β-actin Promoter: Functional Properties and the Potential Application for Transduction System Using Recombinant Baculovirus. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2016; 18:349-358. [PMID: 27177910 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-016-9700-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A newly isolated Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) beta-actin promoter SbaP and its derivative compact construct SbaP (ENX) have recently been demonstrated to promote ectopic gene expression in vitro and in vivo. To further explore the potential transduction application, this newly isolated shrimp promoter SbaP was comparatively tested with cytomegalovirus (CMV), simian virus 40 (SV40), polyhedrin (Polh), and white spot syndrome virus immediate early gene 1 (WSSV ie1) four constitutive promoters and a beta-actin promoter (TbaP) from tilapia fish to characterize its promoting function in eight different cell lines. Luciferase quantitation assays revealed that SbaP can drive luciferase gene expression in all eight cell lines including sf21 (insect), PAC2 (zebrafish), EPC (carp), CHSE-214 (chinook salmon), GSTEF (green sea turtle), MS-1 (monk seal), 293T (human), and HeLa (human), but at different levels. Comparative analysis revealed that the promoting activity of SbaP was lower (≤10-fold) than CMV but higher (2-20 folds) than Polh in most of these cell lines tested. Whereas, SbaP mediated luciferase expression in sf21 cells was over 20-fold higher than CMV, SV40, Polh, and TbaP promoter. Compared to the SbaP, SbaP (ENX), which was constructed on the basis of SbaP by deletion of two "negative" regulatory elements, exhibited no significant change of promoting activity in EPC and PAC2 cells, but a 5 and 16 % lower promoting effect in 293T and HeLa cells, respectively. Additionally, a recombinant baculovirus was constructed under the control of SbaP (ENX), and efficient promoter activity of newly generated baculoviral vector was detected both in vitro of infected sf21 cells and in vivo of injected indicator shrimp. These results warrant the potential application of SbaP, particularly SbaP (ENX) in ectopic gene expression in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingli Shi
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Jianhai Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Guangzhou Zhou
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Tetsuzan Benny Ron
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Hsin-I Tong
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Wen Kang
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Si Sun
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Yuanan Lu
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA.
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24
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Chen LH, Lin SW, Liu KF, Chang CI, Hseu JR, Tsai JM. Comparative proteomic analysis of Litopenaeus vannamei gills after vaccination with two WSSV structural proteins. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 49:306-314. [PMID: 26766180 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is one of the most devastating viral pathogens of cultured shrimp worldwide. Recently published papers show the ability of WSSV structural protein VP28 to vaccinate shrimp and raise protection against the virus. This study attempted to identify the joining proteins of the aforementioned shrimp quasi-immune response by proteomic analysis. The other envelope protein, VP36B, was used as the non-protective subunit vaccine control. Shrimp were intramuscularly injected with rVPs or PBS on day 1 and day 4 and then on day 7 their gill tissues were sampled. The two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) patterns of gill proteins between vaccinated and PBS groups were compared and 20 differentially expressed proteins identified by mass spectrometry, some of which were validated in gill and hemocyte tissues using real-time quantitative RT-PCR. Many of identified proteins and their expression levels also linked with the shrimp response during WSSV infection. The list of up-regulated protein spots found exclusively in rVP28-vaccinated shrimp include calreticulin and heat shock protein 70 with chaperone properties, ubiquitin, and others. The two serine proteases, chymotrypsin and trypsin, were significantly increased in shrimp of both vaccinated groups compared to PBS controls. The information presented here should be useful for gaining insight into invertebrate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hao Chen
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung, 81157, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shi-Wei Lin
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung, 81157, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kuan-Fu Liu
- Tungkang Biotechnology Research Center, Fisheries Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Pingtung, 92845, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chin-I Chang
- Aquaculture Division, Fisheries Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Keelung, 20246, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jinn-Rong Hseu
- Mariculture Research Center, Fisheries Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Tainan, 72453, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jyh-Ming Tsai
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung, 81157, Taiwan, ROC.
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25
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Chaudhari A, Pathakota GB, Annam PK. Design and Construction of Shrimp Antiviral DNA Vaccines Expressing Long and Short Hairpins for Protection by RNA Interference. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1404:225-240. [PMID: 27076302 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3389-1_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
DNA vaccines present the aquaculture industry with an effective and economically viable method of controlling viral pathogens that drastically affect productivity. Since specific immune response is rudimentary in invertebrates, the presence of RNA interference (RNAi) pathway in shrimps provides a promising new approach to vaccination. Plasmid DNA vaccines that express short or long double stranded RNA in vivo have shown protection against viral diseases. The design, construction and considerations for preparing such vaccines are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Chaudhari
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Andheri West, Mumbai, 400061, India.
| | - Gireesh-Babu Pathakota
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Andheri West, Mumbai, 400061, India
| | - Pavan-Kumar Annam
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Andheri West, Mumbai, 400061, India
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Gallo-Ramírez LE, Nikolay A, Genzel Y, Reichl U. Bioreactor concepts for cell culture-based viral vaccine production. Expert Rev Vaccines 2015; 14:1181-95. [PMID: 26178380 DOI: 10.1586/14760584.2015.1067144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Vaccine manufacturing processes are designed to meet present and upcoming challenges associated with a growing vaccine market and to include multi-use facilities offering a broad portfolio and faster reaction times in case of pandemics and emerging diseases. The final products, from whole viruses to recombinant viral proteins, are very diverse, making standard process strategies hardly universally applicable. Numerous factors such as cell substrate, virus strain or expression system, medium, cultivation system, cultivation method, and scale need consideration. Reviewing options for efficient and economical production of human vaccines, this paper discusses basic factors relevant for viral antigen production in mammalian cells, avian cells and insect cells. In addition, bioreactor concepts, including static systems, single-use systems, stirred tanks and packed-beds are addressed. On this basis, methods towards process intensification, in particular operational strategies, the use of perfusion systems for high product yields, and steps to establish continuous processes are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilí Esmeralda Gallo-Ramírez
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Bioprocess Engineering, Magdeburg; Sandtorstr. 1, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
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Effect of AcHERV-GmCSF as an Influenza Virus Vaccine Adjuvant. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129761. [PMID: 26090848 PMCID: PMC4475044 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The first identification of swine-originated influenza A/CA/04/2009 (pH1N1) as the cause of an outbreak of human influenza accelerated efforts to develop vaccines to prevent and control influenza viruses. The current norm in many countries is to prepare influenza vaccines using cell-based or egg-based killed vaccines, but it is difficult to elicit a sufficient immune response using this approach. To improve immune responses, researchers have examined the use of cytokines as vaccine adjuvants, and extensively investigated their functions as chemoattractants of immune cells and boosters of vaccine-mediated protection. Here, we evaluated the effect of Granulocyte-macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (GmCSF) as an influenza vaccine adjuvant in BALB/c mice. Method and Results Female BALB/c mice were immunized with killed vaccine together with a murine GmCSF gene delivered by human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) envelope coated baculovirus (1×107 FFU AcHERV-GmCSF, i.m.) and were compared with mice immunized with the killed vaccine alone. On day 14, immunized mice were challenged with 10 median lethal dose of mouse adapted pH1N1 virus. The vaccination together with GmCSF treatment exerted a strong adjuvant effect on humoral and cellular immune responses. In addition, the vaccinated mice together with GmCSF were fully protected against infection by the lethal influenza pH1N1 virus. Conclusion Thus, these results indicate that AcHERV-GmCSF is an effective molecular adjuvant that augments immune responses against influenza virus.
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Expression profile of bio-defense genes in Penaeus monodon gills in response to formalin inactivated white spot syndrome virus vaccine. Antiviral Res 2015; 117:60-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2015.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Syed Musthaq SK, Kwang J. Reprint of "evolution of specific immunity in shrimp - a vaccination perspective against white spot syndrome virus". DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 48:342-353. [PMID: 25083808 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2014.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Invertebrates lack true adaptive immunity and it solely depends on the primitive immunity called innate immunity. However, various innate immune molecules and mechanisms are identified in shrimp that plays potential role against invading bacterial, fungal and viral pathogens. Perceiving the shrimp innate immune mechanisms will contribute in developing effective vaccine strategies against major shrimp pathogens. Hence this review intends to explore the innate immune molecules of shrimp with suitable experimental evidences together with the evolution of "specific immune priming" of invertebrates. In addition, we have emphasized on the development of an effective vaccine strategy against major shrimp pathogen, white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). The baculovirus displayed rVP28 (Bac-VP28), a major envelope protein of WSSV was utilized to study its vaccine efficacy by oral route. A significant advantage of this baculovirus expression cassette is the use of WSSV-immediate early 1 (ie1) promoter that derived the abundant expression of rVP28 protein at the early stage of the infection in insect cell. The orally vaccinated shrimp with Bac-VP28 transduced successfully in the shrimp cells as well as provided highest survival rate. In support to our vaccine efficacy we analysed Pattern Recognition Proteins (PRPs) β-1,3 glucan lipopolysaccharides (LGBP) and STAT gene profiles in the experimental shrimp. Indeed, the vaccination of shrimp with Bac-VP28 demonstrated some degree of specificity with enhanced survival rate when compared to control vaccination with Bac-wt. Hence it is presumed that the concept of "specific immune priming" in relevant to shrimp immunity is possible but may not be common to all shrimp pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Khader Syed Musthaq
- Animal Health Biotechnology, Temasek Lifesciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore
| | - Jimmy Kwang
- Animal Health Biotechnology, Temasek Lifesciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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Thomas A, Sudheer NS, Viswanathan K, Kiron V, Bright Singh IS, Narayanan RB. Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a major White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) envelope protein VP24 expressed in Escherichia coli against WSSV. J Invertebr Pathol 2014; 123:17-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Revised: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Sahu SS, Weirick T, Kaundal R. Predicting genome-scale Arabidopsis-Pseudomonas syringae interactome using domain and interolog-based approaches. BMC Bioinformatics 2014; 15 Suppl 11:S13. [PMID: 25350354 PMCID: PMC4251041 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2105-15-s11-s13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Every year pathogenic organisms cause billions of dollars' worth damage to crops and livestock. In agriculture, study of plant-microbe interactions is demanding a special attention to develop management strategies for the destructive pathogen induced diseases that cause huge crop losses every year worldwide. Pseudomonas syringae is a major bacterial leaf pathogen that causes diseases in a wide range of plant species. Among its various strains, pathovar tomato strain DC3000 (PstDC3000) is asserted to infect the plant host Arabidopsis thaliana and thus, has been accepted as a model system for experimental characterization of the molecular dynamics of plant-pathogen interactions. Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) play a critical role in initiating pathogenesis and maintaining infection. Understanding the PPI network between a host and pathogen is a critical step for studying the molecular basis of pathogenesis. The experimental study of PPIs at a large scale is very scarce and also the high throughput experimental results show high false positive rate. Hence, there is a need for developing efficient computational models to predict the interaction between host and pathogen in a genome scale, and find novel candidate effectors and/or their targets. RESULTS In this study, we used two computational approaches, the interolog and the domain-based to predict the interactions between Arabidopsis and PstDC3000 in genome scale. The interolog method relies on protein sequence similarity to conduct the PPI prediction. A Pseudomonas protein and an Arabidopsis protein are predicted to interact with each other if an experimentally verified interaction exists between their respective homologous proteins in another organism. The domain-based method uses domain interaction information, which is derived from known protein 3D structures, to infer the potential PPIs. If a Pseudomonas and an Arabidopsis protein contain an interacting domain pair, one can expect the two proteins to interact with each other. The interolog-based method predicts ~0.79M PPIs involving around 7700 Arabidopsis and 1068 Pseudomonas proteins in the full genome. The domain-based method predicts 85650 PPIs comprising 11432 Arabidopsis and 887 Pseudomonas proteins. Further, around 11000 PPIs have been identified as interacting from both the methods as a consensus. CONCLUSION The present work predicts the protein-protein interaction network between Arabidopsis thaliana and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 in a genome wide scale with a high confidence. Although the predicted PPIs may contain some false positives, the computational methods provide reasonable amount of interactions which can be further validated by high throughput experiments. This can be a useful resource to the plant community to characterize the host-pathogen interaction in Arabidopsis and Pseudomonas system. Further, these prediction models can be applied to the agriculturally relevant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sitanshu S Sahu
- National Institute for Microbial Forensics & Food and Agricultural Biosecurity (NIMFFAB), Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, 74078, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, 74078, USA
| | - Tyler Weirick
- National Institute for Microbial Forensics & Food and Agricultural Biosecurity (NIMFFAB), Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, 74078, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, 74078, USA
| | - Rakesh Kaundal
- Bioinformatics Facility, Department of Botany & Plant Sciences, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology (IIGB), University of California, Riverside, California, 92521, USA
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Syed Musthaq SK, Kwang J. Evolution of specific immunity in shrimp - a vaccination perspective against white spot syndrome virus. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 46:279-290. [PMID: 24780624 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2014.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Invertebrates lack true adaptive immunity and it solely depends on the primitive immunity called innate immunity. However, various innate immune molecules and mechanisms are identified in shrimp that plays potential role against invading bacterial, fungal and viral pathogens. Perceiving the shrimp innate immune mechanisms will contribute in developing effective vaccine strategies against major shrimp pathogens. Hence this review intends to explore the innate immune molecules of shrimp with suitable experimental evidences together with the evolution of "specific immune priming" of invertebrates. In addition, we have emphasized on the development of an effective vaccine strategy against major shrimp pathogen, white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). The baculovirus displayed rVP28 (Bac-VP28), a major envelope protein of WSSV was utilized to study its vaccine efficacy by oral route. A significant advantage of this baculovirus expression cassette is the use of WSSV-immediate early 1 (ie1) promoter that derived the abundant expression of rVP28 protein at the early stage of the infection in insect cell. The orally vaccinated shrimp with Bac-VP28 transduced successfully in the shrimp cells as well as provided highest survival rate. In support to our vaccine efficacy we analysed Pattern Recognition Proteins (PRPs) β-1,3 glucan lipopolysaccharides (LGBP) and STAT gene profiles in the experimental shrimp. Indeed, the vaccination of shrimp with Bac-VP28 demonstrated some degree of specificity with enhanced survival rate when compared to control vaccination with Bac-wt. Hence it is presumed that the concept of "specific immune priming" in relevant to shrimp immunity is possible but may not be common to all shrimp pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Khader Syed Musthaq
- Animal Health Biotechnology, Temasek Lifesciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore
| | - Jimmy Kwang
- Animal Health Biotechnology, Temasek Lifesciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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Wang XW, Xu YH, Xu JD, Zhao XF, Wang JX. Collaboration between a Soluble C-Type Lectin and Calreticulin Facilitates White Spot Syndrome Virus Infection in Shrimp. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 193:2106-2117. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1400552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) mainly infects crustaceans through the digestive tract. Whether C-type lectins (CLs), which are important receptors for many viruses, participate in WSSV infection in the shrimp stomach remains unknown. In this study, we orally infected kuruma shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus to model the natural transmission of WSSV and identified a CL (designated as M. japonicus stomach virus–associated CL [MjsvCL]) that was significantly induced by virus infection in the stomach. Knockdown of MjsvCL expression by RNA interference suppressed the virus replication, whereas exogenous MjsvCL enhanced it. Further analysis by GST pull-down and coimmunoprecipitation showed that MjsvCL could bind to viral protein 28, the most abundant and functionally relevant envelope protein of WSSV. Furthermore, cell-surface calreticulin was identified as a receptor of MjsvCL, and the interaction between these proteins was a determinant for the viral infection–promoting activity of MjsvCL. The MjsvCL–calreticulin pathway facilitated virus entry likely in a cholesterol-dependent manner. This study provides insights into a mechanism by which soluble CLs capture and present virions to the cell-surface receptor to facilitate viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Wei Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Yi-Hui Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Ji-Dong Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Xiao-Fan Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Jin-Xing Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
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Ng TH, Hung HY, Chiang YA, Lin JH, Chen YN, Chuang YC, Wang HC. WSSV-induced crayfish Dscam shows durable immune behavior. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 40:78-90. [PMID: 24973514 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
One of the major gaps in our understanding of arthropod specific immune priming concerns the mechanism[s] by which the observed long-term (>2 weeks) protective effects might be mediated. Hypervariable Dscam (Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule) might support arthropod innate immunity with specificity for more extended periods. We show here that, in the relatively long-lived arthropod Cherax quadricarinatus, CqDscam does not behave like a typical, immediately-acting, short-lived innate immune factor: CqDscam was not induced within hours after challenge with a lethal virus, but instead was only up-regulated after 2-5 days. This initial response faded within ∼ 2 weeks, but another maximum was reached ∼ 1 month later. At around 2 months after the initial challenge, the virus-induced CqDscam bound to the virus virion and acted to neutralize the virus However, although CqDscam helped crayfish to survive during persistent infection, it nevertheless failed to provide any enhanced protection against a subsequent WSSV challenge. Thus, CqDscam is capable of supporting extended anti-virus immune memory in arthropods. Also, during a persistent virus infection, the balance of "immune firepower" in crayfish appears to be altered such that the general immune factors become depleted while CqDscam becomes relatively predominant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tze Hann Ng
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Hung
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Yi-An Chiang
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Hung Lin
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ning Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chu Chuang
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Han-Ching Wang
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
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Lin SY, Chung YC, Hu YC. Update on baculovirus as an expression and/or delivery vehicle for vaccine antigens. Expert Rev Vaccines 2014; 13:1501-21. [DOI: 10.1586/14760584.2014.951637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Immunization with baculovirus displayed H6 hemagglutinin vaccine protects mice against lethal H6 influenza virus challenge. Antiviral Res 2014; 109:42-53. [PMID: 24973759 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2014.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Low pathogenic influenza viruses of H6 hemagglutinin (HA) subtype have a high prevalence among aquatic and domestic birds and have caused outbreaks in poultry worldwide. The first human infection with wild avian influenza H6N1 virus was reported in Taiwan and these subtype viruses may continue to evolve and accumulate changes which increasing the potential risk of human-to-human transmission. To develop a vaccine against influenza viruses of the H6 subtype, we displayed the HA gene on the baculovirus surface (Bac-HA), and studied its vaccine efficacy against a lethal challenge with mouse-adapted RG-H6(Shorebird) virus carrying the H6 HA gene from A/shorebird/DE/12/2004 (H6N8) virus and 7 genes from A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 (H1N1) virus. Immunization with 256 HA units of Bac-HA via the intranasal route triggered HA-specific serum and mucosal antibodies in mice besides increased HA inhibition titers compared to mice immunized subcutaneously. Moreover, we observed an increase in cellular immune response (IL-4) and improved in vitro neutralization activity in the mice immunized intranasally with live Bac-HA compared to mice immunized with inactivated influenza virus (IV). Interestingly, Bac-HA intranasal immunized mice showed one fold higher neutralization titer against heterologous H6 influenza virus compared to inactivated IV immunized mice. In addition, the live Bac-HA, administered through either immunization route, as well as the adjuvanted inactivated Bac-HA, administered subcutaneously, conferred 100% protection to mice challenged with homologous mouse-adapted RG-H6(Shorebird) virus. The reduction in viral titers and extend of histopathological changes of Bac-HA immunized mice lungs further demonstrated the protective efficacy of Bac-HA. Hence, the recombinant baculovirus subunit vaccine is an alternative candidate against H6 subtypes that could be propagated and administered with minimal biosafety concerns.
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Song Z, Zhang M, Xue R, Cao G, Gong C. Reducing blood glucose levels in TIDM mice with an orally administered extract of sericin from hIGF-I-transgenic silkworm cocoons. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 67:249-54. [PMID: 24632065 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In previous studies, we reported that the blood glucose levels of mice with type I diabetes mellitus (TIDM) was reduced with orally administered silk gland powder from silkworms transgenic for human insulin-like growth factor-I (hIGF-I). However, potential safety hazards could not be eliminated because the transgenic silk gland powder contained heterologous DNA, including the green fluorescent protein (gfp) and neomycin resistance (neo) genes. These shortcomings might be overcome if the recombinant hIGF-I were secreted into the sericin layer of the cocoon. In this study, silkworm eggs were transfected with a novel piggyBac transposon vector, pigA3GFP-serHS-hIGF-I-neo, containing the neo, gfp, and hIGF-I genes controlled by the sericin-1 (ser-1) promoter with the signal peptide DNA sequence of the fibrin heavy chain (Fib-H) and a helper plasmid containing the piggyBac transposase sequence under the control of the Bombyx mori actin 3 (A3) promoter, using sperm-mediated gene transfer to generate the transformed silkworms. The hIGF-I content estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was approximately 162.7 ng/g. To estimate the biological activity of the expressed hIGF-I, streptozotocin-induced TIDM mice were orally administered sericin from the transgenic silkworm. The blood glucose levels of the mice were significantly reduced, suggesting that the extract from the transgenic hIGF-I silkworm cocoons can be used as an orally administered drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuowei Song
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Mengyao Zhang
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Renyu Xue
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Guangli Cao
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Chengliang Gong
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China.
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Ahanger S, Sandaka S, Ananad D, Mani MK, Kondadhasula R, Reddy CS, Marappan M, Valappil RK, Majumdar KC, Mishra RK. Protection of shrimp Penaeus monodon from WSSV infection using antisense constructs. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2014; 16:63-73. [PMID: 23907649 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-013-9529-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
White spot syndrome caused by white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is one of the most threatening diseases of shrimp culture industry. Previous studies have successfully demonstrated the use of DNA- and RNA-based vaccines to protect WSSV infection in shrimp. In the present study, we have explored the protective efficacy of antisense constructs directed against WSSV proteins, VP24, and VP28, thymidylate synthase (TS), and ribonucleotide reductase-2 (RR2) under the control of endogenous shrimp histone-3 (H3) or penaedin (Pn) promoter. Several antisense constructs were generated by inserting VP24 (pH3-VP24, pPn-VP24), VP28 (pH3-VP28, pPn-VP28), TS (pH3-TS, pPn-TS), and RR2 (pH3-RR2) in antisense orientation. These constructs were tested for their protective potential in WSSV infected cell cultures, and their effect on reduction of the viral load was assessed. A robust reduction in WSSV copy number was observed upon transfection of antisense constructs in hemocyte cultures derived from Penaeus monodon and Scylla serrata. When tested in vivo, antisense constructs offered a strong protection in WSSV challenged P. monodon. Constructs expressing antisense VP24 and VP28 provided the best protection (up to 90 % survivability) with a corresponding decrease in the viral load. Our work demonstrates that shrimp treated with antisense constructs present an efficient control strategy for combating WSSV infection in shrimp aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Ahanger
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), E405-East Wing 3rd Floor, CCMB, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, India
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Abstract
Over the past decade, aquaculture has grown at an average annual growth rate of approximately 6 % worldwide despite many challenges. Viral diseases are one of the major challenges that are threatening a sustainable growth of finfish farming globally. Vaccination of farmed fish plays an important role in commercial fish farming to mitigate viral diseases. In this review, we summarized the major viral diseases that have caused serious economic losses, and emerging diseases that pose a potential threat to aquaculture. The current status of viral vaccines in farmed fish are discussed, particularly the different types of vaccines that were licensed in recent years and are now commercially available, and the routes of delivery of those vaccines including the merits and demerits of each of these delivery method. Furthermore, the article provides an overview of different experimental vaccines that have been reported in the literatures in recent years besides highlighting the future need for developing cost-effective, oral vaccines that can be easily applicable at farm level.
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Protective efficacy of a human endogenous retrovirus envelope-coated, nonreplicable, baculovirus-based hemagglutin vaccine against pandemic influenza H1N1 2009. PLoS One 2013; 8:e80762. [PMID: 24260476 PMCID: PMC3832454 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the advantages of DNA vaccines, overcoming their lower efficacy relative to that of conventional vaccines remains a challenge. Here, we constructed a human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) envelope-coated, nonreplicable, baculovirus-based HA vaccine against swine influenza A/California/04/2009(H1N1) hemagglutin (HA) (AcHERV-sH1N1-HA) as an alternative to conventional vaccines and evaluated its efficacy in two strains of mice, BALB/c and C57BL/6. A commercially available, killed virus vaccine was used as a positive control. Mice were intramuscularly administered AcHERV-sH1N1-HA or the commercial vaccine and subsequently given two booster injections. Compared with the commercial vaccine, AcHERV-sH1N1-HA induced significantly higher levels of cellular immune responses in both BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. Unlike cellular immune responses, humoral immune responses depended on the strain of mice. Following immunization with AcHERV-sH1N1-HA, C57BL/6 mice showed HA-specific IgG titers 10- to 100-fold lower than those of BALB/c mice. In line with the different levels of humoral immune responses, the survival of immunized mice after intranasal challenge with sH1N1 virus (A/California/04/2009) depended on the strain. After challenge with 10-times the median lethal dose (MLD50) of sH1N1 virus, 100% of BALB/c mice immunized with the commercial vaccine or AcHERV-sH1N1-HA survived. In contrast, C57BL/6 mice immunized with AcHERV-sH1N1-HA or the commercial vaccine showed 60% and 70% survival respectively, after challenge with sH1N1 virus. In all mice, virus titers and results of histological analyses of lung tissues were consistent with the survival data. Our results indicate the importance of humoral immune response as a major defense system against influenza viral infection. Moreover, the complete survival of BALB/c mice immunized with AcHERV-sH1N1-HA after challenge with sH1N1 virus suggests the potential of baculoviral vector-based vaccines to achieve an efficacy comparable to that of killed virus vaccines.
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Gene silencing in crustaceans: from basic research to biotechnologies. Genes (Basel) 2013; 4:620-45. [PMID: 24705266 PMCID: PMC3927571 DOI: 10.3390/genes4040620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene silencing through RNA interference (RNAi) is gaining momentum for crustaceans, both in basic research and for commercial development. RNAi has proven instrumental in a growing number of crustacean species, revealing the functionality of novel crustacean genes essential among others to development, growth, metabolism and reproduction. Extensive studies have also been done on silencing of viral transcripts in crustaceans, contributing to the understanding of the defense mechanisms of crustaceans and strategies employed by viruses to overcome these. The first practical use of gene silencing in aquaculture industry has been recently achieved, through manipulation of a crustacean insulin-like androgenic gland hormone. This review summarizes the advancements in the use of RNAi in crustaceans, and assesses the advantages of this method, as well as the current hurdles that hinder its large-scale practice.
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42
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Preparation of transgenic Dunaliella salina for immunization against white spot syndrome virus in crayfish. Arch Virol 2013; 159:519-25. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-013-1856-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/18/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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43
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Kiener TK, Premanand B, Kwang J. Immune responses to baculovirus-displayed enterovirus 71 VP1 antigen. Expert Rev Vaccines 2013; 12:357-64. [PMID: 23560917 DOI: 10.1586/erv.13.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The increased distribution and neurovirulence of enterovirus 71 is an important health threat for young children in Asia Pacific. Vaccine design has concentrated on inactivated virus with the most advanced undergoing Phase III clinical trials. By using a subunit vaccine approach, production costs could be reduced by lowering the need for biocontainment. In addition, novel mutations could be rapidly incorporated to reflect the emergence of new enterovirus 71 subgenogroups. To circumvent the problems associated with conventional subunit vaccines, the antigen can be displayed on a viral vector that conveys stability and facilitates purification. Additional advantages of viral-vectored subunit vaccines are their ability to stimulate the innate immune system by transducing cells and the possibility of oral or nasal delivery, which dispenses with the need for syringes and medical personnel. Baculovirus-displayed VP1 combines all these benefits with protection that is as efficient as inactivated virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja K Kiener
- Animal Health Biotechnology, Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Singapore
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44
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Naveen Kumar S, Karunasagar I, Karunasagar I. Protection of Macrobrachium rosenbergii against white tail disease by oral administration of bacterial expressed and encapsulated double-stranded RNA. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 35:833-839. [PMID: 23811407 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2012] [Revised: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
White tail disease (WTD) of cultured Macrobrachium rosenbergii is caused by M. rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV) and an extra small virus (XSV), both present together, and the mortality rate can be as high as 100% within 2 or 3 days of infection. Possible protection of M. rosenbergii against WTD by oral administration of bacterial expressed and encapsulated double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) was studied. Juvenile M. rosenbergii were fed with the feed coated with inactivated bacteria encapsulated dsRNA of MrNV and XSV genes individually and in combination for 7 days followed by challenge with WTD causing agents at 24 h and 72 h post-feeding. Test animals fed with a combination of dsRNA of MrNV and XSV capsid genes showed the highest relative percent survival (RPS) when compared to other treatments with RPS of 80% and 75% at 24 and 72 h respectively. One hundred percent mortality was observed in test animals fed with control dsRNA coated feed. Although in the literature, injection is the most common method used to deliver dsRNA, this study shows that oral administration is effective, feasible and economical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Singaiah Naveen Kumar
- UNESCO-MIRCEN for Marine Biotechnology, Department of Fisheries Microbiology, Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, College of Fisheries, Mangalore 575 002, India
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45
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Bailey M, Christoforidou Z, Lewis M. Evolution of immune systems: Specificity and autoreactivity. Autoimmun Rev 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2012.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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46
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Premanand B, Prabakaran M, Kiener TK, Kwang J. Recombinant baculovirus associated with bilosomes as an oral vaccine candidate against HEV71 infection in mice. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55536. [PMID: 23390538 PMCID: PMC3563597 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 12/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human enterovirus 71 (HEV71) is one of the major pathogen responsible for hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). Currently no effective vaccine or antiviral drugs are available. Like poliovirus, EV71 is transmitted mainly by the feco-oral route. To date the majority of the studied EV71 vaccine candidates are administered parenterally. Injectable vaccines induce good systemic immunity but mucosal responses are often unsatisfactory, whereas mucosal vaccines provide both systemic and mucosal immunity. Therefore, oral immunization appears to be an attractive alternative to parenteral immunization. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In this report, we studied the efficacy of an orally administered vaccine candidate developed using recombinant baculovirus displaying VP1 (Bac-VP1) in a murine model. Gastrointestinal delivery of Bac-VP1 significantly induced VP1-specific humoral (IgG) and mucosal (IgA) immune responses. Further, we studied the efficacy of the Bac-VP1 associated with bilosomes and observed that the Bac-VP1 associated with bilosomes elicited significantly higher immune responses compared to bilosomes non-associated with Bac-VP1. However, mice immunized subcutaneously with live Bac-VP1 had significantly enhanced VP1 specific serum IgG levels and higher neutralizing antibody titers compared with mice orally immunized with live Bac-VP1 alone or associated with bilosomes. CONCLUSION Bilosomes have been shown to possess inherent adjuvant properties when associated with antigen. Therefore Bac-VP1 with bilosomes could be a promising oral vaccine candidate against EV71 infections. Thus, Bac-VP1 loaded bilosomes may provide a needle free, painless approach for immunization against EV71, thereby increasing patient compliance and consequently increasing vaccination coverage.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Baculoviridae/genetics
- Baculoviridae/immunology
- Enterovirus A, Human/drug effects
- Enterovirus A, Human/immunology
- Female
- Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease/blood
- Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease/immunology
- Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease/prevention & control
- Humans
- Immunity, Humoral/drug effects
- Immunity, Mucosal/drug effects
- Immunization
- Liposomes/administration & dosage
- Liposomes/chemistry
- Liposomes/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Vaccines, Synthetic
- Viral Structural Proteins/genetics
- Viral Structural Proteins/immunology
- Viral Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Viral Vaccines/genetics
- Viral Vaccines/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Balraj Premanand
- Animal Health Biotechnology, Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mookkan Prabakaran
- Animal Health Biotechnology, Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tanja K. Kiener
- Animal Health Biotechnology, Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jimmy Kwang
- Animal Health Biotechnology, Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Cross-protective efficacy of bivalent recombinant baculoviral vaccine against heterologous influenza H5N1 challenge. Vaccine 2013; 31:1385-92. [PMID: 23328313 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Revised: 12/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study demonstrates the cross-protective efficacy of baculovirus displayed HAs of A/Indonesia/669/06 and A/Anhui/01/05 against heterologous H5N1 challenges in a mouse model. Mice orally or subcutaneously immunized with live bivalent-BacHA vaccine significantly induced higher HA-specific humoral and cellular immune responses when compared with inactivated bivalent-BacHA. In addition, oral administration of live bivalent-BacHA vaccine was able to induce significant level of antigen-specific mucosal IgA levels. Microneutralization assay indicated that live bivalent-BacHA vaccine was able to induce strong cross-clade neutralization titer against distinct H5N1 clades (1, 2.1.3, 2.2.1.1, 2.3.2, 2.3.4, 4, 7 and 9). The production of both interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) by splenocytes from vaccinated mice indicated that mice vaccinated orally or subcutaneously with live bivalent-BacHA stimulated both IFN-γ secreting Th1 cells and IL-4 secreting Th2 cells, whereas mice immunized subcutaneously with inactive adjuvanted bivalent-BacHA stimulated only IL-4 secreting Th2 cells. Cross-protective immunity study also showed that mice immunized either orally or subcutaneously with live bivalent-BacHA were completely protected against 5MLD50 of clade 1 and clade 2.2.1.1 H5N1 viral infections. The protective immune response elicited by bivalent-BacHA vaccine against H5N1 variants demonstrates the possibility of protection against a broad range of H5N1 strains.
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Attasart P, Namramoon O, Kongphom U, Chimwai C, Panyim S. Ingestion of bacteria expressing dsRNA triggers specific RNA silencing in shrimp. Virus Res 2012. [PMID: 23201581 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2012.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
RNAi activation in shrimp through dsRNA injection has been well demonstrated but oral delivery of dsRNA remains controversial. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine whether RNAi was induced in shrimp by ingestion of bacteria expressing dsRNA. We fed shrimp, Penaeus monodon and Litopenaeus vannamei, with inactivated bacteria expressing dsRNA specific to the shrimp genes (Rab7 and STAT). Forty-eight hours after 6 day-continuous feeding, the level of the targeted gene transcript was measured by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Significant reduction of Rab7 as well as STAT transcript was observed when compared to that of control shrimp fed with bacteria containing the empty vector or bacteria expressing non-related dsRNA (GFP). Moreover, the suppression was detected not only in the hepatopancreas but also in the gills indicating the successful systemic induction of RNAi via oral delivery of dsRNA. Our results suggested that RNAi in shrimp could be triggered by ingestion of dsRNA expressing bacteria. Therefore, oral feeding is a practical approach which can be used to deliver dsRNA for further viral inhibition in farmed shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pongsopee Attasart
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand.
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