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Pavlou AM, Papachristou E, Bonovolias I, Anagnostou E, Anastasiadou P, Poulopoulos A, Bakopoulou A, Andreadis D. Pancreatic Differentiation of Oral Minor Salivary Gland Stem Cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:1944-1953. [PMID: 38967770 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10757-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Stem cells from various sources including major salivary glands have been used to establish pancreatic differentiation in an attempt to provide new treatment options for patients with diabetes mellitus. In contrast, the potential of using the more easily accessible intraoral minor salivary glands has not been evaluated so far. MATERIALS AND METHODS Salivary stem cells were isolated from normal labial minor salivary glands that were removed during the excision of a mucocele and were attempted to differentiate into pancreatic cell lines using a culture medium enriched with activin A, retinoic acid and GLP-1.Real time RT-PCR was used to evaluate the expression of the genes of pancreatic transcription factors MafA, Ptf1a, Hb9 and Arx. Complementary, 22 labial minor salivary gland paraffin-embedded specimens were examined using immunohistochemistry for the presence of the relevant gene products of the pancreatic transcription factors Arx, MafA, Ptf1a and Pdx1. RESULTS The differentiated salivary stem cells(cells of passage 3) expressed the genes of the pancreatic transcription factors MafA, Ptf1a, Hb9 and Arx even on the first day of the experiment while immunohistochemistry also confirmed the presence of the protein products of Arx, MafA, Ptf1a as well as Pdx1[> 50% of the specimens for Arx(5/8) and MafA(7/8), < 50% for Ptf1a(5/11) and Pdx1(5/11)] in ducts, mesenchymal connective tissue and acinar cells. CONCLUSIONS Labial minor salivary glands may share gene and protein characteristics with pancreas suggesting a possible usefulness for pancreatic regeneration or substitution in cases of deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achilleia-Maria Pavlou
- Department of Oral Medicine/Pathology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Eleni Papachristou
- Department of Fixed Prosthesis and Implant Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Bonovolias
- Department of Fixed Prosthesis and Implant Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleftherios Anagnostou
- Department of Oral Medicine/Pathology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Pinelopi Anastasiadou
- Department of Oral Medicine/Pathology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Athanasios Poulopoulos
- Department of Oral Medicine/Pathology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Athina Bakopoulou
- Department of Fixed Prosthesis and Implant Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Andreadis
- Department of Oral Medicine/Pathology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Ning M, Hua S, Ma Y, Liu Y, Wang D, Xu K, Yu H. Microvesicles facilitate the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into pancreatic beta-like cells via miR-181a-5p/150-5p. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127719. [PMID: 37918601 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Transplantation of pancreatic islet cells is a promising strategy for the long-term treatment of type 1 diabetes (T1D). The stem cell-derived beta cells showed great potential as substitute sources of transplanted pancreatic islet cells. However, the current efficiency of stem cell differentiation still cannot match the requirements for clinical transplantation. Here, we report that microvesicles (MVs) from insulin-producing INS-1 cells could induce mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation into pancreatic beta-like cells. The combination of MVs with small molecules, nicotinamide and insulin-transferrin-selenium (ITS), dramatically improved the efficiency of MSC differentiation. Notably, the function of MVs in MSC differentiation requires their entry into MSCs through giant pinocytosis. The MVs-treated or MVs combined with small molecules-treated MSCs show pancreatic beta-like cell morphology and response to glucose stimulation in insulin secretion. Using high throughput small RNA-sequencing, we found that MVs induced MSC differentiation into the beta-like cells through miR-181a-5p/150-5p. Together, our findings reveal the role of MVs or the MV-enriched miR-181a-5p/150-5p as a class of biocompatible reagents to differentiate MSCs into functional beta-like cells and demonstrate that the combined usage of MVs or miR-181a-5p/150-5p with small molecules can potentially be used in making pancreatic islet cells for future clinical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Ning
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shanshan Hua
- Department of Spine Surgery, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yunpeng Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Dianliang Wang
- Stem cell and tissue engineering research laboratory, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, China.
| | - Kai Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Haijia Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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3
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Takagi R, Takegaki J, Osana S, Kano Y, Konishi S, Fujita S. Cooling-promoted myogenic differentiation of murine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells through TRPM8 activation in vitro. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15855. [PMID: 38086691 PMCID: PMC10716030 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
TRPM8 agonist has been reported to promote osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), therefore we evaluated whether cooling-induced activation of TRPM8 promotes myogenic differentiation of MSCs. We used 5-azacytidine as a myogenic differentiation inducer in murine bone marrow-derived MSCs. Addition of menthol, a TRPM8 agonist, to the differentiation induction medium significantly, increased the percentage of MyoD-positive cells, a specific marker of myogenic differentiation. We performed intracellular Ca2+ imaging experiments using fura-2 to confirm TRPM8 activation by cooling stimulation. The results confirmed that intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+ ]i) increases due to TRPM8 activation, and TRPM8 antagonist inhibits increase in [Ca2+ ]i at medium temperatures below 19°C. We also examined the effect of cooling exposure time on myogenic differentiation of MSCs using an external cooling stimulus set at 17°C. The results showed that 60 min of cooling had an acceleratory effect on differentiation (2.18 ± 0.27 times). We observed that the TRPM8 antagonist counteracted the differentiation-promoting effect of the cooling. These results suggest that TRPM8 might modulate the multiple differentiation pathways of MSCs, and that cooling is an effective way of activating TRPM8, which regulates MSCs differentiation in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Takagi
- Ritsumeikan Global Innovation Research OrganizationRitsumeikan UniversityShigaJapan
| | - Junya Takegaki
- Research Organization of Science and TechnologyRitsumeikan UniversityShigaJapan
| | - Shion Osana
- Graduate School of Informatics and EngineeringUniversity of Electro‐CommunicationsTokyoJapan
- Faculty of Physical Education, Department of Sport and Medical ScienceKokushikan UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Yutaka Kano
- Graduate School of Informatics and EngineeringUniversity of Electro‐CommunicationsTokyoJapan
- Center for Neuroscience and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Electro‐CommunicationsTokyoJapan
| | - Satoshi Konishi
- Faculty of Science and EngineeringRitsumeikan UniversityShigaJapan
| | - Satoshi Fujita
- Faculty of Sport and Health ScienceRitsumeikan UniversityShigaJapan
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Asadpour A, Yahaya BH, Bicknell K, Cottrell GS, Widera D. Uncovering the gray zone: mapping the global landscape of direct-to-consumer businesses offering interventions based on secretomes, extracellular vesicles, and exosomes. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:111. [PMID: 37138298 PMCID: PMC10156419 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03335-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The last decade has seen a significant increase in media attention, industrial growth, and patient interest in stem cell-based interventions. This led to a rise in direct-to-consumer businesses offering stem cell "therapies" for multiple indications with little evidence of safety and efficacy. In parallel, the use of stem cell secretomes as a substitute for stem cell transplantation has become an increasing trend in regenerative medicine with multiple clinical trials currently assessing their efficacy and safety profile. As a result, multiple businesses and private clinics have now started to exploit this situation and are offering secretome-based interventions despite the lack of supporting data. This poses significant risks for the patients and could lead to a credibility crisis in the field. METHODS Internet searches were used to locate clinics marketing and selling interventions based on stem cell secretomes, exosomes, or extracellular vesicles. Data were extracted from websites with a particular focus on the global distribution of the businesses, the cellular source of the secretome, the indication spectrum, and the pricing of the provided services. Lastly, the types of evidence used on the websites of the businesses to market their services were extracted. RESULTS Overall, 114 companies market secretome-based therapies in 28 countries. The vast majority of the interventions are based on allogenic stem cells from undisclosed cellular sources and skin care is the most marketed indication. The price range is USD99-20,000 depending on the indication. CONCLUSIONS The direct-to-consumer industry for secretome-based therapies appears to be primed for growth in the absence of appropriate regulatory frameworks and guidelines. We conclude that such business activity requires tight regulations and monitoring by the respective national regulatory bodies to prevent patients from being conned and more importantly from being put at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atiyeh Asadpour
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, PO Box 226, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AP, UK
| | - Badrul Hisham Yahaya
- Lung Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (IPPT), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Sains@Bertam, 13200, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Katrina Bicknell
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, PO Box 226, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AP, UK
| | - Graeme S Cottrell
- Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, PO Box 226, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AP, UK
| | - Darius Widera
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, PO Box 226, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AP, UK.
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5
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Zhang Y, Yi Y, Xiao X, Hu L, Xu J, Zheng D, Koc HC, Chan UI, Meng Y, Lu L, Liu W, Xu X, Shao N, Cheung ECW, Xu RH, Chen G. Definitive Endodermal Cells Supply an in vitro Source of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells. Commun Biol 2023; 6:476. [PMID: 37127734 PMCID: PMC10151361 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04810-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/Stromal cells (MSCs) have great therapeutic potentials, and they have been isolated from various tissues and organs including definitive endoderm (DE) organs, such as the lung, liver and intestine. MSCs have been induced from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) through multiple embryonic lineages, including the mesoderm, neural crest, and extraembryonic cells. However, it remains unclear whether hPSCs could give rise to MSCs in vitro through the endodermal lineage. Here, we report that hPSC-derived, SOX17+ definitive endoderm progenitors can further differentiate to cells expressing classic MSC markers, which we name definitive endoderm-derived MSCs (DE-MSCs). Single cell RNA sequencing demonstrates the stepwise emergence of DE-MSCs, while endoderm-specific gene expression can be elevated by signaling modulation. DE-MSCs display multipotency and immunomodulatory activity in vitro and possess therapeutic effects in a mouse ulcerative colitis model. This study reveals that, in addition to the other germ layers, the definitive endoderm can also contribute to MSCs and DE-MSCs could be a cell source for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Zhang
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Ye Yi
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Xia Xiao
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Lingling Hu
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Jiaqi Xu
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Dejin Zheng
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Ho Cheng Koc
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Un In Chan
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Ya Meng
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Ligong Lu
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
- Biological Imaging and Stem Cell Core Facility, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
- MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Xiaoling Xu
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
- MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Ningyi Shao
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
- MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Edwin Chong Wing Cheung
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
- MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Ren-He Xu
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China.
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China.
- MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China.
| | - Guokai Chen
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China.
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China.
- MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China.
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6
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Abdi S, Javanmehr N, Ghasemi-Kasman M, Bali HY, Pirzadeh M. Stem Cell-based Therapeutic and Diagnostic Approaches in Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:1093-1115. [PMID: 34970956 PMCID: PMC9886816 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x20666211231090659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative impairment mainly recognized by memory loss and cognitive deficits. However, the current therapies against AD are mostly limited to palliative medications, prompting researchers to investigate more efficient therapeutic approaches for AD, such as stem cell therapy. Recent evidence has proposed that extensive neuronal and synaptic loss and altered adult neurogenesis, which is perceived pivotal in terms of plasticity and network maintenance, occurs early in the course of AD, which exacerbates neuronal vulnerability to AD. Thus, regeneration and replenishing the depleted neuronal networks by strengthening the endogenous repair mechanisms or exogenous stem cells and their cargoes is a rational therapeutic approach. Currently, several stem cell-based therapies as well as stem cell products like exosomes, have shown promising results in the early diagnosis of AD. OBJECTIVE This review begins with a comparison between AD and normal aging pathophysiology and a discussion on open questions in the field. Next, summarizing the current stem cell-based therapeutic and diagnostic approaches, we declare the advantages and disadvantages of each method. Also, we comprehensively evaluate the human clinical trials of stem cell therapies for AD. METHODOLOGY Peer-reviewed reports were extracted through Embase, PubMed, and Google Scholar until 2021. RESULTS With several ongoing clinical trials, stem cells and their derivatives (e.g., exosomes) are an emerging and encouraging field in diagnosing and treating neurodegenerative diseases. Although stem cell therapies have been successful in animal models, numerous clinical trials in AD patients have yielded unpromising results, which we will further discuss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Abdi
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Nima Javanmehr
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Maryam Ghasemi-Kasman
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran;,Neuroscience Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran,Address correspondence to this author at the Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 4136747176, Babol, Iran; Tel/Fax: +98-11-32190557; E-mail:
| | | | - Marzieh Pirzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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Kh S, Haider KH. Stem Cells: A Renewable Source of Pancreatic β-Cells and Future for Diabetes Treatment. Stem Cells 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-77052-5_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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8
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Lee YN, Yi HJ, Goh H, Park JY, Ferber S, Shim IK, Kim SC. Spheroid Fabrication Using Concave Microwells Enhances the Differentiation Efficacy and Function of Insulin-Producing Cells via Cytoskeletal Changes. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122551. [PMID: 33261076 PMCID: PMC7768489 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic islet transplantation is the fundamental treatment for insulin-dependent diabetes; however, donor shortage is a major hurdle in its use as a standard treatment. Accordingly, differentiated insulin-producing cells (DIPCs) are being developed as a new islet source. Differentiation efficiency could be enhanced if the spheroid structure of the natural islets could be recapitulated. Here, we fabricated DIPC spheroids using concave microwells, which enabled large-scale production of spheroids of the desired size. We prepared DIPCs from human liver cells by trans-differentiation using transcription factor gene transduction. Islet-related gene expression and insulin secretion levels were higher in spheroids compared to those in single-cell DIPCs, whereas actin–myosin interactions significantly decreased. We verified actin–myosin-dependent insulin expression in single-cell DIPCs by using actin–myosin interaction inhibitors. Upon transplanting cells into the kidney capsule of diabetic mouse, blood glucose levels decreased to 200 mg/dL in spheroid-transplanted mice but not in single cell-transplanted mice. Spheroid-transplanted mice showed high engraftment efficiency in in vivo fluorescence imaging. These results demonstrated that spheroids fabricated using concave microwells enhanced the engraftment and functions of DIPCs via actin–myosin-mediated cytoskeletal changes. Our strategy potentially extends the clinical application of DIPCs for improved differentiation, glycemic control, and transplantation efficiency of islets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Na Lee
- Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (Y.N.L.); (H.J.Y.); (H.G.); (J.Y.P.)
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology (AMIST), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Hye Jin Yi
- Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (Y.N.L.); (H.J.Y.); (H.G.); (J.Y.P.)
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology (AMIST), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Hanse Goh
- Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (Y.N.L.); (H.J.Y.); (H.G.); (J.Y.P.)
| | - Ji Yoon Park
- Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (Y.N.L.); (H.J.Y.); (H.G.); (J.Y.P.)
- Department of Chemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT 06457, USA
| | - Sarah Ferber
- Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer 52621, Israel;
- Dia-Cure, Acad. Nicolae Cajal Institute of Medical Scientific Research, Titu Maiorescu University, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Orgenesis Ltd., Ness-Ziona 7403631, Israel
- Department of Human Genetics, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - In Kyong Shim
- Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (Y.N.L.); (H.J.Y.); (H.G.); (J.Y.P.)
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology (AMIST), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Correspondence: or (I.K.S.); (S.C.K.); Tel.: +82-2-3010-4173 (I.K.S.); +82-2-3010-3936 (S.C.K.)
| | - Song Cheol Kim
- Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (Y.N.L.); (H.J.Y.); (H.G.); (J.Y.P.)
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology (AMIST), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Correspondence: or (I.K.S.); (S.C.K.); Tel.: +82-2-3010-4173 (I.K.S.); +82-2-3010-3936 (S.C.K.)
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9
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Mohammad SA, Metkari S, Bhartiya D. Mouse Pancreas Stem/Progenitor Cells Get Augmented by Streptozotocin and Regenerate Diabetic Pancreas After Partial Pancreatectomy. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 16:144-158. [PMID: 31705263 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-019-09919-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Existence of stem cells in adult pancreas remains contentious. Single cells suspensions obtained by collagenase and trypsin digestion separately from adult mouse pancreas and pancreatic islets were spun at 1000 rpm (250 g) to collect the cells. At this speed the stem/ progenitor cells remained buoyant and were further enriched by spinning the supernatant at 3000 rpm (1000 g). Two distinct populations of stem cells were detected including pluripotent, very small (2-6 μm) embryonic-like stem cells (VSELs) that expressed nuclear OCT-4A and pluripotent transcripts (Oct-4A, Sox2, Nanog, Stella) and slightly bigger progenitors, pancreatic stem cells (PSCs) that expressed cytoplasmic OCT-4B and PDX-1. Streptozotocin treated diabetic pancreas showed an increase in numbers of VSELs (2-6 μm, 7AAD-, LIN-CD45-SCA1+ cells) and up-regulation of transcripts specific for stem/ progenitor cells. Diabetic mice were further subjected to partial pancreatectomy to study involvement of VSELs/ PSCs during regeneration. VSELs/ PSCs were mobilized in large numbers, were observed in the lumen of blood vessels and PCNA expression suggested their proliferation. Initially, new acini assembled to regenerate the exocrine pancreas and later by Day 30, neogenesis of islets was observed in the vicinity of the blood vessels and pancreatic ducts by the differentiation of endogenous VSELs/ PSCs which may be targeted to regenerate diabetic pancreas in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhan Ali Mohammad
- Stem Cell Biology Department, ICMR- National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Jehangir Merwanji Street Parel, Mumbai, 400 012, India
| | - Siddhanath Metkari
- Experimental Animal Facility, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Jehangir Merwanji Street, Parel, Mumbai, 400 012, India
| | - Deepa Bhartiya
- Stem Cell Biology Department, ICMR- National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Jehangir Merwanji Street Parel, Mumbai, 400 012, India.
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10
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Filho DM, de Carvalho Ribeiro P, Oliveira LF, Dos Santos ALRT, Parreira RC, Pinto MCX, Resende RR. Enhancing the Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells with the CRISPR-Cas System. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 15:463-473. [PMID: 31147819 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-019-09897-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), also known as multipotent mesenchymal stromal stem cells, are found in the perivascular space of several tissues. These cells have been subject of intense research in the last decade due to their low teratogenicity, as well as their ability to differentiate into mature cells and to secrete immunomodulatory and trophic factors. However, they usually promote only a modest benefit when transplanted in experimental disease models, one of the limitations for their clinical application. The CRISPR-Cas system, in turn, is highlighted as a simple and effective tool for genetic engineering. This system was tested in clinical trials over a relatively short period of time after establishing its applicability to the edition of the mammalian cell genome. Similar to the research evolution in MSCs, the CRISPR-Cas system demonstrated inconsistencies that limited its clinical application. In this review, we outline the evolution of MSC research and its applicability, and the progress of the CRISPR-Cas system from its discovery to the most recent clinical trials. We also propose perspectives on how the CRISPR-Cas system may improve the therapeutic potential of MSCs, making it more beneficial and long lasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Mendes Filho
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrícia de Carvalho Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Immunology and Experimental Transplantation, São José do Rio Preto Medical School, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lucas Felipe Oliveira
- Department of Physiology, Biological and Natural Sciences Institute, Triangulo Mineiro Federal University, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine (INCT-REGENERA-CNPq), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Minas Gerais Network for Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy (REMETTECFAPEMIG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo Cambraia Parreira
- Department of Pharmacology, Biological Sciences Institute, Goias Federal University, Goiania, Goias, Brazil.
| | - Mauro Cunha Xavier Pinto
- Department of Pharmacology, Biological Sciences Institute, Goias Federal University, Goiania, Goias, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Ribeiro Resende
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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11
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Zhao R, Zhang Q, Liu K, Yang P, Sun Y, Zhang Y, Liu Z. Isolation, culture, and induced multiple differentiation of Mongolian sheep adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. J Histotechnol 2020; 43:125-134. [PMID: 32314671 DOI: 10.1080/01478885.2020.1744316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSC) are adult pluripotent cells and important resources for cell-based therapies of animals. There are presently different kinds of somatic cells used as donor cells for clone successfully. However, studies on somatic cell nuclear transplantation (SCNT) using ADSC as donor cells from Mongolian sheep have not been reported up to now. This study tested optimal methods of isolating, purifying, and proliferating Mongolian sheep ADSC, and determine their multiple differentiation potentiality. Adipose tissue was removed from approximately 2-year-old sheep and ADSC were harvested by pancreatic enzyme decomposition and adherent culture method. The growth curves of the Passages 1, 5, and 10 cultures were plotted and the exponential growth was determined as a population doubling time of 34.1 h. The expression of OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG genes were increased at Passage 3 (P3) as seen by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. ADSC from Passage 3 were induced to undergo neurogenesis and form cardiomyocytes and pancreatic islet-like cells under inductive environments in vitro. The differentiation properties of cardiomyocytes and islet-like cells were confirmed by histological staining with toluidine blue, periodic acid-Schiff, and dithizone. The expression of specific genes in these cells were also detected by RT-PCR. Our study results confirm that isolated cells were indeed ADSC and may provide valuable materials for somatic cell clone and transgenic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyuan Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University , Hohhot, China.,Department of Biotechnology, Ordos Vocational College of Ecological Environment , Ordos, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Breeding Research Lab, Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Research Institute of Qingdao , Qingdao, China
| | - Kaidong Liu
- Breeding Research Lab, Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Research Institute of Qingdao , Qingdao, China
| | - Peipei Yang
- Breeding Research Lab, Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Research Institute of Qingdao , Qingdao, China
| | - Youde Sun
- Breeding Research Lab, Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Research Institute of Qingdao , Qingdao, China
| | - Yanru Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University , Hohhot, China
| | - Zongzheng Liu
- Breeding Research Lab, Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Research Institute of Qingdao , Qingdao, China
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12
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Sen S. Adult Stem Cells: Beyond Regenerative Tool, More as a Bio-Marker in Obesity and Diabetes. Diabetes Metab J 2019; 43:744-751. [PMID: 31902144 PMCID: PMC6943270 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2019.0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases are increasing rapidly worldwide and it is therefore important to know the effect of exercise and medications for diabetes and obesity on adult stem cells. Adult stem cells play a major role in remodeling and tissue regeneration. In this review we will focus mainly on two adult stem/progenitor cells such as endothelial progenitor cells and mesenchymal stromal cells in relation to aerobic exercise and diabetes medications, both of which can alter the course of regeneration and tissue remodelling. These two adult precursor and stem cells are easily obtained from peripheral blood or adipose tissue depots, as the case may be and are precursors to endothelium and mesenchymal tissue (fat, bone, muscle, and cartilage). They both are key players in maintenance of cardiovascular and metabolic homeostasis and can act also as useful biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabyasachi Sen
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
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13
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Shen C, Yang C, Xu S, Zhao H. Comparison of osteogenic differentiation capacity in mesenchymal stem cells derived from human amniotic membrane (AM), umbilical cord (UC), chorionic membrane (CM), and decidua (DC). Cell Biosci 2019; 9:17. [PMID: 30792848 PMCID: PMC6371545 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-019-0281-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been extensively explored as a promising therapeutic agent in the field of bone tissue engineering due to their osteogenic differentiation ability. In this study, the osteogenic differential ability and the effect of fibronectin and laminin on the osteogenic differentiation in four types of MSCs derived from placental tissue are compared to determine the ideal source for bone reconstruction tissue engineering. RESULTS The present study examines the osteogenic differentiation levels of four types of MSCs using alizarin red staining and quantifies the calcium levels and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. In addition, this study examines the osteoblast differentiation protein markers osterix, collagen I, osteopontin, and osteocalcin using a Western blot assay. qPCR and EdU labeling assays were employed to identify the kinetics of osteogenic differentiation. Calcium deposit levels, ALP activity, and osteopontin and osteocalcin concentrations were determined to confirm the role of Extracellular matrix (ECM) components role on the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. The data demonstrated that MSCs isolated from different layers of placenta had different potentials to differentiate into osteogenic cells. Importantly, AM-MSCs and UC-MSCs differentiated into the osteoblast stage more efficiently and quickly than CM-MSCs and DC-MSCs, which was associated with a decrease in their proliferation ability. Among the different types of MSCs, AM-MSCs and UC-MSCs had a higher osteogenic differentiation potential induced by fibronectin due to enhanced phosphorylation during the Akt and ERK pathways. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these results indicate that AM-MSCs and UC-MSCs possess a higher osteogenic potential, and fibronectin can robustly enhance the osteogenic potential of the Akt and ERK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyang Shen
- Basic Medicine School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of the Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shijun Xu
- College Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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14
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Aydin S, Sağraç D, Şahin F. Differentiation Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Pancreatic β-Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1247:135-156. [PMID: 32002800 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2019_476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells having the capability to differentiate into other type of cells and renewing themselves, gained so much importance in recent years. Investigations in stem cells revealed that mesenchymal stem cells can successfully differentiate into other type of cells like adipocytes, hepatocytes, osteocytes, neurocytes and chondrocytes. In addition, these cells can also differentiate into insulin-producing beta cells. Insulin is a crucial hormone for glucose balance of the body. Insufficiency or unavailability of insulin is called diabetes. External insulin intake, as well as pancreas or islet transplantation, is the most basic treatment of diabetes. In vivo and in vitro studies demonstrate that stem cell therapy is also used in the cure of diabetes. Differentiation process of stem cells into beta cells releasing insulin is quite complicated. There are many different reports for the differentiation of stem cells in the literature. The success of differentiation of stem cells into beta cells depends on several factors like the source of stem cells, chemicals added into the differentiation medium and the duration of differentiation protocol. Distinct studies for the differentiation of stem cells into insulin-secreting cells are available in the literature. Moreover, thanks to the superior differentiation capacity of stem cells, they are being preferred in clinical studies. Stem cells were clinically used to heal diabetic ulcer, to increase c-peptide level and insulin secretion in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Mesenchymal stem cells having high differentiation potential to insulin-secreting cells are encouraging vehicles for both in vivo and in vitro studies together with clinical trials for diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safa Aydin
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, İstanbul, Turkey.
| | - Derya Sağraç
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Fikrettin Şahin
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, İstanbul, Turkey
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15
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Srivastava A, Dadheech N, Vakani M, Gupta S. Pancreatic resident endocrine progenitors demonstrate high islet neogenic fidelity and committed homing towards diabetic mice pancreas. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:8975-8987. [PMID: 30341903 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic progenitors have been explored for their profound characteristics and unique commitment to generate new functional islets in regenerative medicine. Pancreatic resident endocrine progenitors (PREPs) with mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) phenotype were purified from BALB/c mice pancreas and characterized. PREPs were differentiated into mature islet clusters in vitro by activin-A and swertisin and functionally characterized. A temporal gene and protein profiling was performed during differentiation. Furthermore, PREPs were labeled with green fluorescent protein (GFP) and transplanted intravenously into streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic mice while monitoring their homing and differentiation leading to amelioration in the diabetic condition. PREPs were positive for unique progenitor markers and transcription factors essential for endocrine pancreatic homeostasis along with having the multipotent MSC phenotype. These cells demonstrated high fidelity for islet neogenesis in minimum time (4 days) to generate mature functional islet clusters (shortest reported period for any isolated stem/progenitor). Furthermore, GFP-labeled PREPs transplanted in STZ diabetic mice migrated and localized within the injured pancreas without trapping in any other major organ and differentiated rapidly into insulin-producing cells without an external stimulus. A rapid decrease in fasting blood glucose levels toward normoglycemia along with significant increase in fasting serum insulin levels was observed, which ameliorated the diabetic condition. This study highlights the unique potential of PREPs to generate mature islets within the shortest period and their robust homing toward the damaged pancreas, which ameliorated the diabetic condition suggesting PREPs affinity toward their niche, which can be exploited and extended to other stem cell sources in diabetic therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhay Srivastava
- Molecular Endocrinology and Stem Cell Research Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Nidheesh Dadheech
- Dr. AM James Shapiro Laboratory, Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Mitul Vakani
- Molecular Endocrinology and Stem Cell Research Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Sarita Gupta
- Molecular Endocrinology and Stem Cell Research Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
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16
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Current Status of Stem Cell Treatment for Type I Diabetes Mellitus. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018; 15:699-709. [PMID: 30603589 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-018-0143-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is a major health concern in current scenario which has been found to affect people of almost all ages. The disease has huge impact on global health; therefore, alternate methods apart from insulin injection are being explored to cure diabetes. Therefore, this review mainly focuses on the current status and therapeutic potential of stem cells mainly mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for Type 1 diabetes mellitus in preclinical animal models as well as humans. METHODS Current treatment for Type 1 diabetes mellitus mainly includes use of insulin which has its own limitations and also the underlying mechanism of diseases is still not explored. Therefore, alternate methods to cure diabetes are being explored. Stem cells are being investigated as an alternative therapy for treatment of various diseases including diabetes. Few preclinical studies have also been conducted using undifferentiated MSCs as well as in vitro MSCs differentiated into β islet cells. RESULTS These stem cell transplant studies have highlighted the benefits of MSCs, which have shown promising results. Few human trials using stem cells have also affirmed the potential of these cells in alleviating the symptoms. CONCLUSION Stem cell transplantation may prove to be a safe and effective treatment for patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus.
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17
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Sun J, Zhao F, Zhang W, Lv J, Lv J, Yin A. BMSCs and miR-124a ameliorated diabetic nephropathy via inhibiting notch signalling pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:4840-4855. [PMID: 30024097 PMCID: PMC6156290 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BMSCs are important in replacement therapy of diabetic nephropathy (DN). MiR‐124a exerts effect on the differentiation capability of pancreatic progenitor cells. The objective of this study was to explore the molecular mechanisms, the functions of miR‐124a and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in the treatment of DN. Characterizations of BMSCs were identified using the inverted microscope and flow cytometer. The differentiations of BMSCs were analysed by immunofluorescence assay and DTZ staining. The expression levels of islet cell‐specific transcription factors, apoptosis‐related genes, podocytes‐related genes and Notch signalling components were detected using quantitative real‐time reverse transcription PCR (qRT‐PCR) and Western blot assays. The production of insulin secretion was detected by adopting radioimmunoassay. Cell proliferation and apoptosis abilities were detected by CCK‐8, flow cytometry and TUNEL assays. We found that BMSCs was induced into islet‐like cells and that miR‐124a could promote the BMSCs to differentiate into islet‐like cells. BMSCs in combination with miR‐124a regulated islet cell‐specific transcription factors, apoptosis‐related genes, podocytes‐related genes as well as the activity of Notch signalling pathway. However, BMSCs in combination with miR‐124a relieved renal lesion caused by DN and decreased podocyte apoptosis caused by HG. The protective effect of BMSCs in combination with miR‐124a was closely related to the inactivation of Notch signalling pathway. MSCs in combination with miR‐124a protected kidney tissue from impairment and inhibited nephrocyte apoptosis in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiping Sun
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fei Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jia Lv
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Lv
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Aiping Yin
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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18
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Rizk H, Tohamy AF, Sayed WM, Prince A. Ameliorative effects of bone marrow derived pancreatic progenitor cells on hyperglycemia and oxidative stress in diabetic rats. Acta Histochem 2018; 120:412-419. [PMID: 29751963 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Bone marrow derived pancreatic progenitor cells (BM- PPCs) in diabetic rats. It was conducted on 30 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200-220 g. They were divided into three groups: (a) Group 1 was the control group; (b) Group 2 was the diabetic (induced diabetic by a single intraperitoneal (IP) injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (60 mg/kg) and (c) Group 3 was the treated (received injection of 2.5 X 106 BM- PPCs via the tail vein twice with a 21-day time interval). The blood glucose level was estimated weekly, the oxidative stress and insulin gene expression were evaluated at the end of the experiment. Pancreatic tissue histopathology was performed. The insulin immuno-histochemical reaction was applied to the islets. The blood glucose level was reduced in the treated group over time till reaching its acceptable level whereas it was increased in the diabetic group. The oxidative stress was decreased in the treated group compared to the diabetic one. The treated group showed increased expression of the insulin gene compared to the diabetic group. The immune-histochemical analysis of insulin showed an increased number and size of pancreatic islets in the treated group compared to the diabetic one. Thus, the twofold injection of BM- PPCs could restore the normal beta-cell morphology and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamdy Rizk
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - A F Tohamy
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt; University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, Hannover, Germany
| | - Walaa Mohamed Sayed
- Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Kasr Al-Ainy, Cairo University, Egypt.
| | - Abdelbary Prince
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
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19
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Zazzeroni L, Lanzoni G, Pasquinelli G, Ricordi C. Considerations on the harvesting site and donor derivation for mesenchymal stem cells-based strategies for diabetes. CELLR4-- REPAIR, REPLACEMENT, REGENERATION, & REPROGRAMMING 2017; 5:e2435. [PMID: 30505879 PMCID: PMC6267851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) possess important characteristics that could be exploited in therapeutic strategies for Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) and for certain complications of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). MSCs can inhibit autoimmune, alloimmune and inflammatory processes. Moreover, they can promote the function of endogenous and transplanted pancreatic islets. Furthermore, they can stimulate angiogenesis. MSC functions are largely mediated by their secretome, which includes growth factors, exosomes, and other extracellular vesicles. MSCs have shown a good safety profile in clinical trials. MSC-derived exosomes are emerging as an alternative to the transplantation of live MSCs. MSCs harvested from different anatomical locations (e.g. bone marrow, umbilical cord, placenta, adipose tissue, and pancreas) have shown differences in gene expression profiles and function. Data from clinical trials suggest that umbilical cord-derived MSCs could be superior to bone marrow-derived MSCs for the treatment of T1D. Autologous MSCs from diabetic patients may present abnormal functions. BM-MSCs from T1D patients exhibit gene expression differences that may impact in vivo function. BM-MSCs from T2D patients seem to be significantly impaired due to the T2D diabetic milieu. In this review, we highlight how the harvesting site and donor derivation can affect the efficacy of MSC-based treatments for T1D and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zazzeroni
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - G Lanzoni
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - G Pasquinelli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Ricordi
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
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20
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Jacobson EF, Tzanakakis ES. Human pluripotent stem cell differentiation to functional pancreatic cells for diabetes therapies: Innovations, challenges and future directions. J Biol Eng 2017; 11:21. [PMID: 28680477 PMCID: PMC5494890 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-017-0066-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in the expansion and directed pancreatogenic differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have intensified efforts to generate functional pancreatic islet cells, especially insulin-secreting β-cells, for cell therapies against diabetes. However, the consistent generation of glucose-responsive insulin-releasing cells remains challenging. In this article, we first present basic concepts of pancreatic organogenesis, which frequently serves as a basis for engineering differentiation regimens. Next, past and current efforts are critically discussed for the conversion of hPSCs along pancreatic cell lineages, including endocrine β-cells and α-cells, as well as exocrine cells with emphasis placed on the later stages of commitment. Finally, major challenges and future directions are examined, such as the identification of factors for in vivo maturation, large-scale culture and post processing systems, cell loss during differentiation, culture economics, efficiency, and efficacy and exosomes and miRNAs in pancreatic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena F Jacobson
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St., Room 276A, Medford, MA 02155 USA
| | - Emmanuel S Tzanakakis
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St., Room 276A, Medford, MA 02155 USA.,Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111 USA
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21
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Zhang T, Li XH, Zhang DB, Liu XY, Zhao F, Lin XW, Wang R, Lang HX, Pang XN. Repression of COUP-TFI Improves Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation into Insulin-Producing Cells. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2017; 8:220-231. [PMID: 28918023 PMCID: PMC5504083 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2017.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Identifying molecular mechanisms that regulate insulin expression in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (bmMSCs) can provide clues on how to stimulate the differentiation of bmMSCs into insulin-producing cells (IPCs), which can be used as a therapeutic approach against type 1 diabetes (T1D). As repression factors may inhibit differentiation, the efficiency of this process is insufficient for cell transplantation. In this study, we used the mouse insulin 2 (Ins2) promoter sequence and performed a DNA affinity precipitation assay combined with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to identify the transcription factor, chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcriptional factor I (COUP-TFI). Functionally, bmMSCs were reprogrammed into IPCs via COUP-TFI suppression and MafA overexpression. The differentiated cells expressed higher levels of genes specific for islet endocrine cells, and they released C-peptide and insulin in response to glucose stimulation. Transplantation of IPCs into streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice caused a reduction in hyperglycemia. Mechanistically, COUP-TFI bound to the DR1 (direct repeats with 1 spacer) element in the Ins2 promoter, thereby negatively regulating promoter activity. Taken together, the data provide a novel mechanism by which COUP-TFI acts as a negative regulator in the Ins2 promoter. The differentiation of bmMSCs into IPCs could be improved by knockdown of COUP-TFI, which may provide a novel stem cell-based therapy for T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Shenyang Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Hang Li
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Dian-Bao Zhang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Shenyang Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yu Liu
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Shenyang Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Shenyang Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Wen Lin
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Shenyang Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Shenyang Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Xin Lang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Shenyang Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi-Ning Pang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Shenyang Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China; Science Experiment Center, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Ding S, Kingshott P, Thissen H, Pera M, Wang PY. Modulation of human mesenchymal and pluripotent stem cell behavior using biophysical and biochemical cues: A review. Biotechnol Bioeng 2016; 114:260-280. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.26075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 298] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheryl Ding
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology; Swinburne University of Technology; Hawthorn 3122 Victoria Australia
| | - Peter Kingshott
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology; Swinburne University of Technology; Hawthorn 3122 Victoria Australia
| | | | - Martin Pera
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Florey Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute; The University of Melbourne; Victoria Australia
| | - Peng-Yuan Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology; Swinburne University of Technology; Hawthorn 3122 Victoria Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing; Clayton Victoria Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Florey Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute; The University of Melbourne; Victoria Australia
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering; College of Biomedical Engineering; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
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23
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Chen J, Pu Y, Sun Y, Zhang P, Li Q, Wang K, Wang W, Ma Y, Guan W. Biological characterization of metanephric mesenchymal stem cells from the Beijing duck. Exp Ther Med 2016; 11:439-447. [PMID: 26893628 PMCID: PMC4734039 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess self-proliferation and multi-directional differentiation abilities. Previous studies on MSCs have mostly focused on the bone marrow, lungs, pancreas and umbilical cord blood, with few studies on metanephric tissues in ducks. For the present study, the Beijing duck was selected as an experimental animal. Duck embryo metanephric mesenchymal stem cells (MMSCs) were studied. MMSC isolation culture, analysis of biological characteristics, induced differentiation and identification were performed in preliminary experiments. In the current study, surface antigens and gene expression patterns were detected using immunofluorescence, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and flow cytometry. The induced cells, adipocytes, hepatocytes, epithelial cells and islet cells were identified by oil red O staining, periodic acid-Schiff staining, immunofluorescence and dithizone staining, respectively. RT-PCR was performed for detection of specific marker genes. The results suggested that the biological characteristics of MMSCs were similar to those of the MSCs previously analyzed. Primary MMSCs were sub-cultured to passage 21. The induced cells exhibit typical staining and immunofluorescence indicating the expression of specific genes. This demonstrates that MMSCs may be a novel alternative source of MSCs for experimental and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Chen
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China; College of Pharmacy, University of Jiamusi, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, P.R. China
| | - Yabin Pu
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Yujiao Sun
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Ping Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, University of Jiamusi, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, P.R. China
| | - Qian Li
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Kunfu Wang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Wenjie Wang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Yuehui Ma
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Weijun Guan
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
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Differentiation of human skin-derived precursor cells into functional islet-like insulin-producing cell clusters. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2015; 51:595-603. [DOI: 10.1007/s11626-015-9866-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Muir KR, Lima MJ, Docherty HM, McGowan NWA, Forbes S, Heremans Y, Forbes SJ, Heimberg H, Casey J, Docherty K. Krüppel-Like Factor 4 Overexpression Initiates a Mesenchymal-to-Epithelial Transition and Redifferentiation of Human Pancreatic Cells following Expansion in Long Term Adherent Culture. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140352. [PMID: 26457418 PMCID: PMC4601732 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A replenishable source of insulin-producing cells has the potential to cure type 1 diabetes. Attempts to culture and expand pancreatic β-cells in vitro have resulted in their transition from insulin-producing epithelial cells to mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) with high proliferative capacity but devoid of any hormone production. The aim of this study was to determine whether the transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), could induce a mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) of the cultured cells. Islet-enriched pancreatic cells, allowed to dedifferentiate and expand in adherent cell culture, were transduced with an adenovirus containing KLF4 (Ad-Klf4). Cells were subsequently analysed for changes in cell morphology by light microscopy, and for the presence of epithelial and pancreatic markers by immunocytochemistry and quantitative RT/PCR. Infection with Ad-Klf4 resulted in morphological changes, down-regulation of mesenchymal markers, and re-expression of both epithelial and pancreatic cell markers including insulin and transcription factors specific to β-cells. This effect was further enhanced by culturing cells in suspension. However, the effects of Ad-KLf4 were transient and this was shown to be due to increased apoptosis in Klf4-expressing cells. Klf4 has been recently identified as a pioneer factor with the ability to modulate the structure of chromatin and enhance reprogramming/transdifferentiation. Our results show that Klf4 may have a role in the redifferentiation of expanded pancreatic cells in culture, but before this can be achieved the off-target effects that result in increased apoptosis would need to be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth R. Muir
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Maria João Lima
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Hilary M. Docherty
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Neil W. A. McGowan
- Department of Surgery, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Shareen Forbes
- Endocrinology Unit, University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Yves Heremans
- Diabetes Research Center, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stuart J. Forbes
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, SCRM Building, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Harry Heimberg
- Diabetes Research Center, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - John Casey
- Department of Surgery, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Docherty
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Kim JH, Kim KS, Lee SW, Kim HW, Joo DJ, Kim YS, Suh H. Retinoic Acid-induced Differentiation of Rat Mesenchymal Stem Cells into β-Cell Lineage. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4285/jkstn.2015.29.3.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyung Kim
- Graduate Program of Nano Science and Technology, Graduate School of Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Sik Kim
- Graduate Program of Nano Science and Technology, Graduate School of Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Woo Lee
- Graduate Program of Nano Science and Technology, Graduate School of Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Woo Kim
- Graduate Program of Nano Science and Technology, Graduate School of Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Jin Joo
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Transplantation Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yu Seun Kim
- Graduate Program of Nano Science and Technology, Graduate School of Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Transplantation Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hwal Suh
- Graduate Program of Nano Science and Technology, Graduate School of Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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PDX-1 mRNA-induced reprogramming of mouse pancreas-derived mesenchymal stem cells into insulin-producing cells in vitro. Clin Exp Med 2014; 15:501-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10238-014-0319-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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miR-375 induces human decidua basalis-derived stromal cells to become insulin-producing cells. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2014; 19:483-99. [PMID: 25169436 PMCID: PMC6275735 DOI: 10.2478/s11658-014-0207-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper focuses on the development of renewable sources of isletreplacement tissue for the treatment of type I diabetes mellitus. Placental tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising source for regenerative medicine due to their plasticity and easy availability. They have the potential to differentiate into insulin-producing cells. miR-375 is a micro RNA that is expressed in the pancreas and involved in islet development. Human placental decidua basalis MSCs (PDB-MSCs) were cultured from full-term human placenta. The immunophenotype of the isolated cells was checked for CD90, CD105, CD44, CD133 and CD34 markers. The MSCs (P3) were chemically transfected with hsa-miR-375. Total RNA was extracted 4 and 6 days after transfection. The expressions of insulin, NGN3, GLUT2, PAX4, PAX6, KIR6.2, NKX6.1, PDX1, and glucagon genes were evaluated using real-time qPCR. On day 6, we tested the potency of the clusters in response to the high glucose challenge and assessed the presence of insulin and NGN3 proteins via immunocytochemistry. Flow cytometry analysis confirmed that more than 90% of the cells were positive for CD90, CD105 and CD44 and negative for CD133 and CD34. Morphological changes were followed from day 2. Cell clusters formed during day 6. Insulin-producing clusters showed a deep red color with DTZ. The expression of pancreatic-specific transcription factors increased remarkably during the four days after transfection and significantly increased on day 7. The clusters were positive for insulin and NGN3 proteins, and C-peptide and insulin secretion increased in response to changes in the glucose concentration (2.8 mM and 16.7 mM). In conclusion, the MSCs could be programmed into functional insulin-producing cells by transfection of miR-375.
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Skurikhin EG, Ermakova NN, Khmelevskaya ES, Pershina OV, Krupin VA, Ermolaeva LA, Dygai AM. Differentiation of pancreatic stem and progenitor β-cells into insulin secreting cells in mice with diabetes mellitus. Bull Exp Biol Med 2014; 156:726-30. [PMID: 24824681 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-014-2434-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We studied in vitro differentiation of pancreatic stem and progenitor cells into insulin secreting cells in the model of streptozotocin-induced diabetes in C57Bl/6 mice. Streptozotocin was shown to increase the population of pancreatic oligopotent β-cell precursors (CD45(-), TER119(-), CD133(+), and CD49f(low)) and did not affect multipotent (stem) progenitor cells (CD45(-), TER119(-), CD17(-), CD309(-)). During long-term culturing, diabetic multipotent progenitor cells showed high capacity for self-renewal. A population of dithizone-positive (insulin secreting cells) mononuclear cells was obtained releasing insulin after prolonged culturing in suspension enriched with diabetic CD45(-), TER119(-), CD17(-), and CD309(-) cells. The rate of generation of "new" insulin-producing cells and insulin release in the samples of experimental group considerably exceeded activity of the corresponding processes in the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- E G Skurikhin
- Research Institute of Pharmacology, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW β Cells represent one of many cell types in heterogeneous pancreatic islets and play the central role in maintaining glucose homeostasis, such that disrupting β-cell function leads to diabetes. This review summarizes the methods for isolating and characterizing β cells, and describes integrated 'omics' approaches used to define the β cell by its transcriptome and proteome. RECENT FINDINGS RNA sequencing and mass spectrometry-based protein identification have now identified RNA and protein profiles for mouse and human pancreatic islets and β cells, and for β-cell lines. Recent publications have outlined these profiles and, more importantly, have begun to assign the presence or absence of specific genes and regulatory molecules to β-cell function and dysfunction. Overall, researchers have focused on understanding the pathophysiology of diabetes by connecting genome, transcriptome, proteome, and regulatory RNA profiles with findings from genome-wide association studies. SUMMARY Studies employing these relatively new techniques promise to identify specific genes or regulatory RNAs with altered expression as β-cell function begins to deteriorate in the spiral toward the development of diabetes. The ultimate goal is to identify the potential therapeutic targets to prevent β-cell dysfunction and thereby better treat the individual with diabetes. VIDEO ABSTRACT http://links.lww.com/COE/A5.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Blodgett
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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Abstract
The lack of transplantable pancreatic islets is a serious problem that affects the treatment of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Beta cells can be induced from various sources of stem or progenitor cells, including induced pluripotent stem cells in the near future; however, the reconstitution of islets from β cells in culture dishes is challenging. The generation of highly functional islets may require three-dimensional spherical cultures that resemble intact islets. This review discusses recent advances in the reconstitution of islets. Several factors affect the reconstitution of pseudoislets with higher functions, such as architectural similarity, cell-to-cell contact, and the production method. The actual transplantation of naked or encapsulated pseudoislets and islet-like cell clusters from various stem cell sources is also discussed. Advancing our understanding of the methods used to reconstitute pseudoislets should expand the range of potential strategies available for developing de novo islets for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiko Kojima
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience; Yokohama City University; Yokohama, Japan
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Kuroda Y, Dezawa M. Mesenchymal stem cells and their subpopulation, pluripotent muse cells, in basic research and regenerative medicine. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2013; 297:98-110. [PMID: 24293378 DOI: 10.1002/ar.22798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have gained a great deal of attention for regenerative medicine because they can be obtained from easy accessible mesenchymal tissues, such as bone marrow, adipose tissue, and the umbilical cord, and have trophic and immunosuppressive effects to protect tissues. The most outstanding property of MSCs is their potential for differentiation into cells of all three germ layers. MSCs belong to the mesodermal lineage, but they are known to cross boundaries from mesodermal to ectodermal and endodermal lineages, and differentiate into a variety of cell types both in vitro and in vivo. Such behavior is exceptional for tissue stem cells. As observed with hematopoietic and neural stem cells, tissue stem cells usually generate cells that belong to the tissue in which they reside, and do not show triploblastic differentiation. However, the scientific basis for the broad multipotent differentiation of MSCs still remains an enigma. This review summarizes the properties of MSCs from representative mesenchymal tissues, including bone marrow, adipose tissue, and the umbilical cord, to demonstrate their similarities and differences. Finally, we introduce a novel type of pluripotent stem cell, multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells, a small subpopulation of MSCs, which can explain the broad spectrum of differentiation ability in MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasumasa Kuroda
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Lin CY, Yang JR, Teng SL, Tsai S, Chen MH. Microarray analysis of gene expression of bone marrow stem cells cocultured with salivary acinar cells. J Formos Med Assoc 2013; 112:713-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2012.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Revised: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Rasi Ghaemi S, Harding FJ, Delalat B, Gronthos S, Voelcker NH. Exploring the mesenchymal stem cell niche using high throughput screening. Biomaterials 2013; 34:7601-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Hansson J, Krijgsveld J. Proteomic analysis of cell fate decision. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2013; 23:540-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/23/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Jiang H, Qu L, Dou R, Lu L, Bian S, Zhu W. Potential role of mesenchymal stem cells in alleviating intestinal ischemia/reperfusion impairment. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74468. [PMID: 24058571 PMCID: PMC3772852 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) provides a promising therapeutic efficiency for a variety of disorders caused by ischemia or reperfusion impairment. We have previously demonstrated the efficacy of MSCs in mitigating intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injuries in rats, but the mechanism by which MSCs engraft ameliorates I/R injuries has largely been unknown. The present study aimed at investigating probable mechanisms by which MSCs exert their function. Methods Male donor derived rat MSCs were implanted into intestine of female recipient rat by direct submucosal injection after superior mesenteric artery clamping and unclamping. The homed MSCs were detected by Y chromosome insitu hybridization probe, and the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) content in intestinal mucosa was determined by ELISA. Expression of proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in bowel mucosa was assayed by real-time PCR and intestinal mucosa expression of phosphorylation extracellular signal-regulated kinase (pERK1/2) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) were evaluated by western blot. Results Four and seven days after MSCs transplantation, the TNF-α content of bowel mucosa in MSCs group was significantly lower than that in saline group. The PCNA in bowel mucosa showed higher expression in MSCs treated group than the saline group, both at 4 and 7 days after cell transplantation. The expression of intestinal mucosal pERK1/2 in MSCs treated group was markedly higher than that in saline group, and the expression of NF-κB in MSCs treated group was noticeably decreased than that in saline group at 4 and 7 days post MSCs transplantation. Conclusion The present investigation provides novel evidence that MSCs have the potential to reduce intestinal I/R injuries probably due to their ability to accelerate cell proliferation and decrease the inflammatory response within intestinal mucosa after ischemia and reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Jiang
- Department of General Surgery Ⅱ, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Linlin Qu
- Department of General Surgery Ⅱ, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, China
| | - Rongrong Dou
- Department of General Surgery Ⅱ, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, China
| | - Lianfang Lu
- Department of General Surgery Ⅱ, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, China
| | - Sishan Bian
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Weiming Zhu
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Xiong N, Yang H, Liu L, Xiong J, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Jia M, Huang J, Zhang Z, Mohamed AA, Lin Z, Wang T. bFGF promotes the differentiation and effectiveness of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in a rotenone model for Parkinson's disease. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2013; 36:411-422. [PMID: 23770451 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2013.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2012] [Revised: 05/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) engraftment could alleviate motor dysfunction in parkinsonian animal models, but with limited efficacy and few engrafted cells surviving. On the other side, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) reportedly displays many effects including neuroprotection and promoting multipotent cells to expand and differentiate. In this study, we assessed whether a combination of bFGF and human BMSCs (HBMSCs) therapy could enhance the treatment effectiveness in Parkinson's disease (PD) rat models. Specifically, bFGF promoted HBMSCs to transdifferentiate toward neural-like lineages in vitro. In addition, HBMSCs transplantation alleviated the motor functional asymmetry, as well as prevented dopaminergic neuron loss in a PD model, while bFGF administration enhances its neurodifferentiation capacity and therapeutic effect. In conclusion, optimizing culture condition like supplementation of bFGF could significantly improve the output of HBMSCs in vitro, and HBMSCs transplantation with bFGF might represent an improved transplantation approach for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian Xiong
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Hecheng Yang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Jing Xiong
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Zhaowen Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Min Jia
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Jinsha Huang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Zhentao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei 430022, China; Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Asrah A Mohamed
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Zhicheng Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, USA; Division of Alcohol and Drug Abuse, and Mailman Neuroscience Research Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA; Harvard NeuroDiscovery Center, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei 430022, China.
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Isolation and characterization of a novel strain of mesenchymal stem cells from mouse umbilical cord: potential application in cell-based therapy. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74478. [PMID: 23991222 PMCID: PMC3753309 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) have recently been recognized as a potential source for cell-based therapy in various preclinical animal models, such as Parkinson's disease, cerebral ischemia, spinal cord injury, and liver failure; however, the precise cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial outcomes remain under investigation. There is a growing concern regarding rejection and alteration of genetic code using this xenotransplantation approach. In this study, a novel strain of murine MSCs derived from the umbilical cord of wild-type and green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic mice have been successfully isolated, expanded, and characterized. After 10 passages, the mUC-MSCs developed a rather homogeneous, triangular, spindle-shaped morphology, and were sub-cultured up to 7 months (over 50 passages) without overt changes in morphology and doubling time. Cell surface markers are quite similar to MSCs isolated from other tissue origins as well as hUC-MSCs. These mUC-MSCs can differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes, neurons, and astrocytes in vitro, as well as hematopoietic lineage cells in vivo. mUC-MSCs also possess therapeutic potential against two disease models, focal ischemic stroke induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) and acute hepatic failure. Subtle differences in the expression of cytokine-related genes exist between mUC-MSCs and hUC-MSCs, which may retard and jeopardize the advance of cell therapy. Allografts of these newly established mUC-MSCs into various mouse disease models may deepen our insights into the development of more effective cell therapy regimens.
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Tariq M, Masoud MS, Mehmood A, Khan SN, Riazuddin S. Stromal cell derived factor-1alpha protects stem cell derived insulin-producing cells from glucotoxicity under high glucose conditions in-vitro and ameliorates drug induced diabetes in rats. J Transl Med 2013; 11:115. [PMID: 23648189 PMCID: PMC3660237 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-11-115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is affecting more than 300 million people worldwide. Current treatment strategies cannot prevent secondary complications. Stem cells due to their regenerative power have long been the attractive target for the cell-based therapies. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess the ability to differentiate into several cell types and to escape immune recognition in vitro. MSCs can be differentiated into insulin-producing cells (IPCs) and could be an exciting therapy for diabetes but problems like poor engraftment and survivability need to be confronted. It was hypothesized that stromal cell derived factor- 1alpha (SDF-1alpha) will enhance therapeutic potential of stem cell derived IPCs by increasing their survival and proliferation rate. METHODS Novel culture conditions were developed to differentiate bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) into IPCs by using endocrine differentiation inducers and growth factors via a three stage protocol. In order to enhance their therapeutic potential, we preconditioned IPCs with SDF-1alpha. RESULTS Our results showed that SDF-1alpha increases survival and proliferation of IPCs and protects them from glucotoxicity under high glucose conditions in vitro. SDF-1alpha also enhances the glucose responsive insulin secretion in IPCs in vitro. SDF-1alpha preconditioning reverses hyperglycemia and increase serum insulin in drug induced diabetic rats. CONCLUSIONS The differentiation of BMSCs into IPCs and enhancement of their therapeutic potential by SDF-1alpha preconditioning may contribute to cell based therapies for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tariq
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- Current Affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur, AK, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sharif Masoud
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- Current Affiliation: Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Azra Mehmood
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shaheen N Khan
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sheikh Riazuddin
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Sayed SS, Abd El Aziz DH. The effect of mesenchymal stem cell therapy on ischemia–reperfusion-induced injury of the rat pancreas. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF HISTOLOGY 2013; 36:253-264. [DOI: 10.1097/01.ehx.0000426051.01947.cb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Li J, Zhu L, Qu X, Li J, Lin R, Liao L, Wang J, Wang S, Xu Q, Zhao RC. Stepwise differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells toward definitive endoderm and pancreatic progenitor cells by mimicking pancreatic development in vivo. Stem Cells Dev 2013; 22:1576-87. [PMID: 23259909 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2012.0148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic progenitor (PP) cells are tissue-committed cells, which can differentiate into all kinds of pancreatic cells. They are potential candidates for regeneration of pancreatic tissue. However, it is unfeasible to acquire PP cells from pancreatic tissues and expand them in vitro. Generation of PP cells from adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) would provide an unlimited source of PP cells. Here we developed a 2-step stepwise protocol, which induced AD-MSCs to generate FOXA2- or SOX17-positive definitive endoderm (DE) (5 days) and pancreatic and duodenal homeobox gene 1 (PDX1)-positive PP cells (4-6 days). By mimicking the developmental progress in embryonic development, we optimized the timing and combination of cytokines to activate the key signaling pathways during pancreatic development. We found that activating the Nodal/Activin signal with Activin A could induce differentiation of AD-MSCs toward DE, which could be further promoted by the Wnt signaling pathway activator Wnt3a. Besides, transient T (BRACHYURY)(+) mesendodermal cells were observed during formation of DE from AD-MSCs. Subsequently, the Wnt signaling pathway inhibitor Dkk1 along with retinoic acid/FGF2 (60 ng/mL) further induced AD-MSC-derived DE cells to differentiate into PDX1-positive PP cells. The derived PP cells were capable to form pancreatic endocrine or exocrine cells. In conclusion, we established a stepwise protocol that could derive DE and PP cells from AD-MSCs. It might provide an unlimited source of autologous PP cells for pancreatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Differentiation of stem cells into insulin-producing cells: current status and challenges. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2013; 61:149-58. [PMID: 23283518 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-012-0213-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most serious public health challenges of the twenty-first century. Allogenic islet transplantation is an efficient therapy for type 1 diabetes. However, immune rejection, side effects of immunosuppressive treatment as well as lack of sufficient donor organs limits its potential. In recent years, several promising approaches for generation of new pancreatic β cells have been developed. This review provides an overview of current status of pancreatic and extra-pancreatic stem cells differentiation into insulin-producing cells and the possible application of these cells for diabetes treatment. The PubMed database was searched for English language articles published between 2001 and 2012, using the keyword combinations: diabetes mellitus, differentiation, insulin-producing cells, stem cells.
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Zanone MM, Favaro E, Camussi G. Endoglin (CD105) is not a specific selection marker for endothelial cells in human islets of Langerhans. Reply to Wheeler-Jones CPD, Clarkin CE, Farrar CE et al [letter]. Diabetologia 2013; 56:225-6. [PMID: 23108558 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-012-2765-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Huang Y, Chang C, Zhang J, Gao X. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells increase dopamine synthesis in the injured striatum. Neural Regen Res 2012; 7:2653-62. [PMID: 25337111 PMCID: PMC4200733 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.34.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Accepted: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies showed that tyrosine hydroxylase or neurturin gene-modified cells transplanted into rats with Parkinson’s disease significantly improved behavior and increased striatal dopamine content. In the present study, we transplanted tyrosine hydroxylase and neurturin gene-modified bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells into the damaged striatum of Parkinson’s disease model rats. Several weeks after cell transplantation, in addition to an improvement of motor function, tyrosine hydroxylase and neurturin proteins were up-regulated in the injured striatum, and importantly, levels of dopamine and its metabolite 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid increased significantly. Furthermore, the density of the D2 dopamine receptor in the postsynaptic membranes of dopaminergic neurons was decreased. These results indicate that transplantation of tyrosine hydroxylase and neurturin gene-modified bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells increases dopamine synthesis and significantly improves the behavior of rats with Parkinson’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Huang
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Cheng Chang
- Department of Anatomy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450004, Henan Province, China
| | - Jiewen Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiaoqun Gao
- Department of Anatomy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450004, Henan Province, China
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Komine A, Abe M, Saeki T, Terakawa T, Uchida C, Uchida T. Establishment of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell lines from a p53-knockout mouse. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 426:468-74. [PMID: 22982311 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.08.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into a variety of cell types. MSCs exist in several tissues such as the bone marrow, adipose, muscle, cartilage, and tendon. This differentiation potential makes MSCs candidates for cell-based therapeutic strategies for mesenchymal tissue injuries. MSCs can be prepared from bone marrow (BM-MSCs) and adipose (AD-MSCs); however, these MSCs exhibit senescence-associated growth arrest and display inevitable heterogeneity. We established several AD-MSC cell lines from a p53-knockout (KO) mouse. These cell lines were immortalized, but no cell lines grew anchorage-independently, suggesting that they are not cancerous. They differentiated into adipocytes, osteoblasts, and chondrocytes by treatment with certain stimuli. Moreover, following injection into the tail vein, the cells migrated into the wounded region of the liver and differentiated into hepatocytes. We succeeded in establishing several AD-MSC clonal cell lines that maintain the tissue-specific markers and characteristics of the developmental phase. These clonal cell lines will serve as important tools to study the mechanism of differentiation of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Komine
- Molecular Enzymology, Department of Molecular Cell Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 1-1 Amamiya, Tsutsumidori, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8555, Japan
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Cheng CC, Lian WS, Hsiao FSH, Liu IH, Lin SP, Lee YH, Chang CC, Xiao GY, Huang HY, Cheng CF, Cheng WTK, Wu SC. Isolation and characterization of novel murine epiphysis derived mesenchymal stem cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e36085. [PMID: 22558340 PMCID: PMC3338631 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 03/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background While bone marrow (BM) is a rich source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), previous studies have shown that MSCs derived from mouse BM (BMMSCs) were difficult to manipulate as compared to MSCs derived from other species. The objective of this study was to find an alternative murine MSCs source that could provide sufficient MSCs. Methodology/Principal Findings In this study, we described a novel type of MSCs that migrates directly from the mouse epiphysis in culture. Epiphysis-derived MSCs (EMSCs) could be extensively expanded in plastic adherent culture, and they had a greater ability for clonogenic formation and cell proliferation than BMMSCs. Under specific induction conditions, EMSCs demonstrated multipotency through their ability to differentiate into adipocytes, osteocytes and chondrocytes. Immunophenotypic analysis demonstrated that EMSCs were positive for CD29, CD44, CD73, CD105, CD166, Sca-1 and SSEA-4, while negative for CD11b, CD31, CD34 and CD45. Notably, EMSCs did not express major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I) or MHC II under our culture system. EMSCs also successfully suppressed the proliferation of splenocytes triggered by concanavalin A (Con A) or allogeneic splenocytes, and decreased the expression of IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α in Con A-stimulated splenocytes suggesting their anti-inflammatory properties. Moreover, EMSCs enhanced fracture repair, ameliorated necrosis in ischemic skin flap, and improved blood perfusion in hindlimb ischemia in the in vivo experiments. Conclusions/Significances These results indicate that EMSCs, a new type of MSCs established by our simple isolation method, are a preferable alternative for mice MSCs due to their better growth and differentiation potentialities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Chun Cheng
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Shiung Lian
- Department of Medical Research, Tzu Chi General Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - I-Hsuan Liu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shau-Ping Lin
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hua Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chun Chang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Yu Xiao
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Huang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Feng Cheng
- Department of Medical Research, Tzu Chi General Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Winston Teng-Kuei Cheng
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Chih Wu
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Xiao Y, Chen J. Proteomics approaches in the identification of molecular signatures of mesenchymal stem cells. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2012; 129:153-76. [PMID: 22790357 DOI: 10.1007/10_2012_143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are undifferentiated, multi-potent stem cells with the ability to renew. They can differentiate into many types of terminal cells, such as osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes, myocytes, and neurons. These cells have been applied in tissue engineering as the main cell type to regenerate new tissues. However, a number of issues remain concerning the use of MSCs, such as cell surface markers, the determining factors responsible for their differentiation to terminal cells, and the mechanisms whereby growth factors stimulate MSCs. In this chapter, we will discuss how proteomic techniques have contributed to our current knowledge and how they can be used to address issues currently facing MSC research. The application of proteomics has led to the identification of a special pattern of cell surface protein expression of MSCs. The technique has also contributed to the study of a regulatory network of MSC differentiation to terminal differentiated cells, including osteocytes, chondrocytes, adipocytes, neurons, cardiomyocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic islet cells. It has also helped elucidate mechanisms for growth factor-stimulated differentiation of MSCs. Proteomics can, however, not reveal the accurate role of a special pathway and must therefore be combined with other approaches for this purpose. A new generation of proteomic techniques have recently been developed, which will enable a more comprehensive study of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Xiao
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia,
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