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Hernández-Alonso P, Boughanem H, Canudas S, Becerra-Tomás N, Fernández de la Puente M, Babio N, Macias-Gonzalez M, Salas-Salvadó J. Circulating vitamin D levels and colorectal cancer risk: A meta-analysis and systematic review of case-control and prospective cohort studies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:1-17. [PMID: 34224246 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1939649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The associations between circulating vitamin D concentrations and total and site-specific colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence have been examined in several epidemiological studies with overall inconclusive findings. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis of both case-control and prospective cohort studies was to evaluate the association between CRC and circulating levels of vitamin D. The main exposure and outcome were circulating total 25(OH)D and CRC, respectively, in the overall population (i.e., all subjects). Two reviewers, working independently, screened all the literature available to identify studies that met the inclusion criteria (e.g., case-control or prospective cohort studies, published in English, and excluding non-original papers). Data were pooled by the generic inverse variance method using a random or fixed effect model, as approriate. Heterogeneity was identified using the Cochran's Q-test and quantified by the I2 statistic. Results were stratified by study design, sex, and metabolite of vitamin D. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were also performed. A total of 28 original studies were included for the quantitative meta-analysis. Meta-analyses comparing the highest vs lowest categories, showed a 39% lower risk between levels of total 25(OH)D and CRC risk (OR (95% CI): 0.61 (0.52; 0.71); 11 studies) in case-control studies; whereas a 20% reduced CRC risk in prospective cohort studies (HR (95% CI): 0.80 (0.66; 0.97); 6 studies). Results in women mirrored main results, whereas results in men were non-significant in both analyses. Our findings support an inverse association between circulating vitamin D levels and CRC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Hernández-Alonso
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquimica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain.,Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición del Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain.,Open Evidence Research Group, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hatim Boughanem
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición del Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Silvia Canudas
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquimica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain.,Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences. Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Nerea Becerra-Tomás
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquimica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain.,Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, UK
| | - María Fernández de la Puente
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquimica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
| | - Nancy Babio
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquimica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain.,Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Macias-Gonzalez
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición del Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquimica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain.,Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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Association of animal and plant protein intakes with biomarkers of insulin and insulin-like growth factor axis. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:1272-1280. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Sloan A, Cheng C, Rosner B, Ziegler RG, Smith-Warner SA, Wang M. A repeated measures approach to pooled and calibrated biomarker data. Biometrics 2021:10.1111/biom.13618. [PMID: 34967001 PMCID: PMC9986973 DOI: 10.1111/biom.13618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Participant-level meta-analysis across multiple studies increases the sample size for pooled analyses, thereby improving precision in effect estimates and enabling subgroup analyses. For analyses involving biomarker measurements as an exposure of interest, investigators must first calibrate the data to address measurement variability arising from usage of different laboratories and/or assays. In practice, the calibration process involves reassaying a random subset of biospecimens from each study at a central laboratory and fitting models that relate the study-specific "local" and central laboratory measurements. Previous work in this area treats the calibration process from the perspective of measurement error techniques and imputes the estimated central laboratory value among individuals with only a local laboratory measurement. In this work, we propose a repeated measures method to calibrate biomarker measurements pooled from multiple studies with study-specific calibration subsets. We account for correlation between measurements made on the same person and between measurements made at the same laboratory. We demonstrate that the repeated measures approach provides valid inference, and compare it to existing calibration approaches grounded in measurement error techniques in an example describing the association between circulating vitamin D and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Sloan
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chao Cheng
- Center for Methods in Implementation and Prevention Science, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Bernard Rosner
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Regina G Ziegler
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Molin Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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4
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Sinicrope FA, Shi Q, Smyrk TC, Goldberg RM, Cohen SJ, Gill S, Kahlenberg MS, Nair S, Shield AF, Jahagirdar BN, Jacobson SB, Foster NR, Pollak MN, Alberts SR. Association of Adiponectin and Vitamin D With Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes and Survival in Stage III Colon Cancer. JNCI Cancer Spectr 2021; 5:pkab070. [PMID: 34485815 PMCID: PMC8410141 DOI: 10.1093/jncics/pkab070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adipocyte-derived adiponectin may play a role in the host inflammatory response to cancer. We examined the association of plasma adiponectin with the density of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in colon cancers and with vitamin D, clinicopathological features, and patient survival. Methods Plasma adiponectin and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] were analyzed by radioimmunoassay in 600 patients with stage III colon cancer who received FOLFOX-based adjuvant chemotherapy (NCCTG N0147 [Alliance]). TIL densities were determined in histopathological sections. Associations with disease-free survival (DFS), time to recurrence, and overall survival were evaluated by multivariable Cox regression adjusting for potential confounders (ie, body mass index, race, TILs, and N stage). All statistical tests were 2-sided. Results We found a statistically significant reduction in adiponectin, but not 25(OH)D, levels in tumors with high vs low TIL densities (median = 6845 vs 8984 ng/mL; P = .04). A statistically significant reduction in adiponectin was also observed in obese (body mass index >30 kg/m2) vs nonobese patients (median = 6608 vs 12 351 ng/mL; P < .001), in men vs women (median = 8185 vs 11 567 ng/mL; P < .001), in Blacks vs Whites or Asians (median = 6412 vs 8847 vs 7858 ng/mL; P < .03), and in those with fewer lymph node metastases (N1 vs N2: median = 7768 vs 9253 ng/mL; P = .01). Insufficiency of 25(OH)D (<30 ng/mL) was detected in 291 (48.5%) patients. In multivariable analyses, neither adiponectin nor 25(OH)D were associated with a statistically significant difference in DFS, overall survival , or time to recurrence in models adjusted for potential confounders. We found a statistically significant association of TILs with prognosis, yet no such interaction was observed for the association of adiponectin with TILs for DFS. Conclusions Lower circulating adiponectin levels were associated with a statistically significant increase in TIL densities in colon cancers, indicating an enhanced antitumor immune response. In contrast to TILs, neither adiponectin nor 25(OH)D was independently prognostic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank A Sinicrope
- Division of Oncology and Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Rochester, MN, USA,Correspondence to: Frank A. Sinicrope, MD, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St, SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA (e-mail: )
| | - Qian Shi
- Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Thomas C Smyrk
- Division of Oncology and Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Sharlene Gill
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver Cancer Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | | | - Anthony F Shield
- Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | - Sawyer B Jacobson
- Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Nathan R Foster
- Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Steven R Alberts
- Division of Oncology and Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Rochester, MN, USA
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Ciulei G, Orasan OH, Coste SC, Cozma A, Negrean V, Procopciuc LM. Vitamin D and the insulin-like growth factor system: Implications for colorectal neoplasia. Eur J Clin Invest 2020; 50:e13265. [PMID: 32379895 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have strongly associated lower levels of vitamin D and its metabolites with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). The action of calcitriol, the active metabolite of vitamin D, is mediated by the vitamin D receptor (VDR) that is present in most tissues. In advanced CRC, VDR expression is lowered. Calcitriol has several antineoplastic effects in CRC: it promotes the G1-phase cycle arrest, lowers vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) synthesis and acts on tumour stromal fibroblasts to limit cell migration and angiogenesis. Hyperinsulinemia and insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) have been implicated in the pathophysiology of CRC. IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 have been the most studied components of the IGF system. Only 1% of the total serum IGF-1 is free and bioactive, and 80% of it binds to IGFBP-3. IGF-1 and its receptor IGF-1R are known to induce cell proliferation. Both IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 can favour angiogenesis by increasing the transcription of the VEGF gene. A high serum IGF-1/IGFBP-3 ratio is associated with increased risk for CRC. VDR is a transcription factor for the IGFBP-3 gene, and IGF-1 can increase calcitriol synthesis. Studies examining the effect of vitamin D treatment on serum IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 have not been in agreement since different populations, dosages and intervention periods have been used. New vitamin D treatment studies that examine CRC should take in account confounding factors such as obesity or VDR genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Ciulei
- Department 5 Internal Medicine, 4th Medical Clinic, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Olga Hilda Orasan
- Department 5 Internal Medicine, 4th Medical Clinic, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sorina Cezara Coste
- Department 5 Internal Medicine, 4th Medical Clinic, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Angela Cozma
- Department 5 Internal Medicine, 4th Medical Clinic, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Vasile Negrean
- Department 5 Internal Medicine, 4th Medical Clinic, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lucia Maria Procopciuc
- Department 3 Molecular Sciences, Medical Biochemistry, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Negri M, Gentile A, de Angelis C, Montò T, Patalano R, Colao A, Pivonello R, Pivonello C. Vitamin D-Induced Molecular Mechanisms to Potentiate Cancer Therapy and to Reverse Drug-Resistance in Cancer Cells. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061798. [PMID: 32560347 PMCID: PMC7353389 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing interest in studying the role of vitamin D in cancer has been provided by the scientific literature during the last years, although mixed results have been reported. Vitamin D deficiency has been largely associated with various types of solid and non-solid human cancers, and the almost ubiquitous expression of vitamin D receptor (VDR) has always led to suppose a crucial role of vitamin D in cancer. However, the association between vitamin D levels and the risk of solid cancers, such as colorectal, prostate and breast cancer, shows several conflicting results that raise questions about the use of vitamin D supplements in cancer patients. Moreover, studies on vitamin D supplementation do not always show improvements in tumor progression and mortality risk, particularly for prostate and breast cancer. Conversely, several molecular studies are in agreement about the role of vitamin D in inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, growth and invasiveness, cell cycle arrest and inflammatory signaling, through which vitamin D may also regulate cancer microenvironment through the activation of different molecular pathways. More recently, a role in the regulation of cancer stem cells proliferation and short non-coding microRNA (miRNAs) expression has emerged, conferring to vitamin D a more crucial role in cancer development and progression. Interestingly, it has been shown that vitamin D is able not only to potentiate the effects of traditional cancer therapy but can even contribute to overcome the molecular mechanisms of drug resistance—often triggering tumor-spreading. At this regard, vitamin D can act at various levels through the regulation of growth of cancer stem cells and the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), as well as through the modulation of miRNA gene expression. The current review reconsiders epidemiological and molecular literature concerning the role of vitamin D in cancer risk and tumor development and progression, as well as the action of vitamin D supplementation in potentiating the effects of drug therapy and overcoming the mechanisms of resistance often triggered during cancer therapies, by critically addressing strengths and weaknesses of available data from 2010 to 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariarosaria Negri
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.N.); (A.G.); (C.d.A.); (T.M.); (R.P.); (A.C.); (R.P.)
| | - Annalisa Gentile
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.N.); (A.G.); (C.d.A.); (T.M.); (R.P.); (A.C.); (R.P.)
| | - Cristina de Angelis
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.N.); (A.G.); (C.d.A.); (T.M.); (R.P.); (A.C.); (R.P.)
| | - Tatiana Montò
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.N.); (A.G.); (C.d.A.); (T.M.); (R.P.); (A.C.); (R.P.)
| | - Roberta Patalano
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.N.); (A.G.); (C.d.A.); (T.M.); (R.P.); (A.C.); (R.P.)
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università Federico II di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.N.); (A.G.); (C.d.A.); (T.M.); (R.P.); (A.C.); (R.P.)
- Unesco Chair for Health Education and Sustainable Development, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Pivonello
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.N.); (A.G.); (C.d.A.); (T.M.); (R.P.); (A.C.); (R.P.)
| | - Claudia Pivonello
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.N.); (A.G.); (C.d.A.); (T.M.); (R.P.); (A.C.); (R.P.)
- Correspondence:
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Meshkini F, Abdollahi S, Clark CCT, Soltani S. The effect of vitamin D supplementation on insulin-like growth factor-1: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Complement Ther Med 2020; 50:102300. [PMID: 32444034 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2020.102300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE There is equivocality regarding the interaction between vitamin D and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Thus, the aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on serum levels of IGF-1 by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). METHODS PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science databases were searched up to May 2019 for RCTs that evaluated the effect of vitamin D supplementation on IGF-1 levels. Mean and standard deviation changes of IGF-1 in each treatment group were considered for analysis and pooled using random-effect model. Risk of bias for included studies was assessed by the Cochrane scale and the NutriGrade approach was applied to evaluate the quality of evidence. RESULTS Six trials (n = 773 participants) were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with control group, vitamin D supplementation yielded no significant effect on serum level of IGF-1 (weighted mean difference [WMD] =4.66 ng/ml, 95 % CIs: -6.72 to 16.03, P = 0.42, I2 = 74.8, P-heterogeneity = 0.001). Additionally, no meaningful changes were observed in subgroup analyses. CONCLUSION The evidence from the limited number of published trials does not convincingly show that vitamin D supplementation elicits any clinically relevant effects on IGF-1 levels. More high-quality studies are needed to reach a consensual conclusion in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Meshkini
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran; Student Research Committee, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Shima Abdollahi
- Department of Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Cain C T Clark
- Faculty Research Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Sepideh Soltani
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, 74877-94149, Iran.
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Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 1-Alpha-Hydroxylase ( CYP27B1) Gene: The Risk of Malignant Tumors and Other Chronic Diseases. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12030801. [PMID: 32197412 PMCID: PMC7146376 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
: Vitamin D is widely known for its roles in the promotion of apoptosis and differentiation, with simultaneous inhibition of proliferation, inflammation, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. Modern literature lacks complete information on polymorphisms in CYP27B1, the only enzyme capable of vitamin D activation. This review presents gathered data that relate to genetic variants in CYP27B1 gene in correlation to multiple diseases, mostly concerning colorectal, prostate, breast, lung, and pancreatic cancers, as well as on other pathologies, such as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, oral lichen planus, or multiple sclerosis.
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9
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Mazidi M, Katsiki N, Mikhailidis DP, Banach M. Effect of Dietary Insulinemia on All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality: Results From a Cohort Study. J Am Coll Nutr 2019; 39:407-413. [PMID: 31763961 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2019.1646167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Background: Insulin response to diet might predict the risk of mortality; however, the evidence is limited. We prospectively evaluated the link between the dietary hyperinsulinemia index (DHI) and dietary insulin resistance index (DIRI) with all-cause and cause-specific (cardiovascular disease [CVD] and cancer) mortality.Methods: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2010) database was used. Vital status through December 31, 2011, was ascertained. Stepwise linear regression models consisted of 39 macro/micronutrients applied, and fasting plasma C-peptide for the DHI and triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-C) for the DIRI were used. Adjusted Cox regression (followed by propensity score matching) was performed to determine the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence interval (95% CIs).Results: Overall, 22,246 participants were included (mean age = 47.8 years; 48.9% men). There was a significant increasing risk of mortality across the quartiles of DHI, i.e., participants with a highest score of DHI (Q4) had a greater risk of all-cause (HR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.17-1.26), CVD (HR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.07-1.29), and cancer (HR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.08-1.23) mortality compared with the first quartile (Q1; p < 0.001 for all comparisons). Similarly, participants in the highest DIRI quartile (Q4) had 23% and 31% higher risk of all-cause and CVD mortality, respectively, compared with Q1, while the association between cancer mortality and DIRI was non-significant (HR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.35-2.61).Conclusions: These findings highlight, for the first time, the detrimental role (association) of insulinemia and insulin resistance potential of diet on all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Our findings support the role of C-peptide and TG/HDL-C ratio as cost-effective and practical biomarkers in clinical settings. These results need to be confirmed to establish their implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Mazidi
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Niki Katsiki
- Second Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitri P Mikhailidis
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Royal Free Campus, University College London Medical School, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Hypertension, Chair of Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Poland.,Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz, Poland.,Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland
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10
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Sloan A, Smith-Warner SA, Ziegler RG, Wang M. Statistical methods for biomarker data pooled from multiple nested case-control studies. Biostatistics 2019; 22:541-557. [PMID: 31750898 DOI: 10.1093/biostatistics/kxz051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Pooling biomarker data across multiple studies allows for examination of a wider exposure range than generally possible in individual studies, evaluation of population subgroups and disease subtypes with more statistical power, and more precise estimation of biomarker-disease associations. However, circulating biomarker measurements often require calibration to a single reference assay prior to pooling due to assay and laboratory variability across studies. We propose several methods for calibrating and combining biomarker data from nested case-control studies when reference assay data are obtained from a subset of controls in each contributing study. Specifically, we describe a two-stage calibration method and two aggregated calibration methods, named the internalized and full calibration methods, to evaluate the main effect of the biomarker exposure on disease risk and whether that association is modified by a potential covariate. The internalized method uses the reference laboratory measurement in the analysis when available and otherwise uses the estimated value derived from calibration models. The full calibration method uses calibrated biomarker measurements for all subjects, including those with reference laboratory measurements. Under the two-stage method, investigators complete study-specific analyses in the first stage followed by meta-analysis in the second stage. Our results demonstrate that the full calibration method is the preferred aggregated approach to minimize bias in point estimates. We also observe that the two-stage and full calibration methods provide similar effect and variance estimates but that their variance estimates are slightly larger than those from the internalized approach. As an illustrative example, we apply the three methods in a pooling project of nested case-control studies to evaluate (i) the association between circulating vitamin D levels and risk of stroke and (ii) how body mass index modifies the association between circulating vitamin D levels and risk of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Sloan
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephanie A Smith-Warner
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Regina G Ziegler
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Molin Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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11
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Hang D, Kværner AS, Ma W, Hu Y, Tabung FK, Nan H, Hu Z, Shen H, Mucci LA, Chan AT, Giovannucci EL, Song M. Coffee consumption and plasma biomarkers of metabolic and inflammatory pathways in US health professionals. Am J Clin Nutr 2019; 109:635-647. [PMID: 30834441 PMCID: PMC6408210 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coffee consumption has been linked to lower risk of various health outcomes. However, the biological pathways mediating the associations remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the association between coffee consumption and concentrations of plasma biomarkers in key metabolic and inflammatory pathways underlying common chronic diseases. METHODS We investigated the associations of total, caffeinated, and decaffeinated coffee consumption with 14 plasma biomarkers, including C-peptide, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), IGF binding protein (IGFBP) 1, IGFBP-3, estrone, total and free estradiol, total and free testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), total adiponectin, high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin, leptin, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (sTNFR-2). Data were derived from 2 cohorts of 15,551 women (Nurses' Health Study) and 7397 men (Health Professionals Follow-Up Study), who provided detailed dietary data before blood draw and were free of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or cancer at the time of blood draw. Multivariable linear regression was used to calculate the percentage difference of biomarker concentrations comparing coffee drinkers with nondrinkers, after adjusting for a variety of demographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors. RESULTS Compared with nondrinkers, participants who drank ≥4 cups of total coffee/d had lower concentrations of C-peptide (-8.7%), IGFBP-3 (-2.2%), estrone (-6.4%), total estradiol (-5.7%), free estradiol (-8.1%), leptin (-6.4%), CRP (-16.6%), IL-6 (-8.1%), and sTNFR-2 (-5.8%) and higher concentrations of SHBG (5.0%), total testosterone (7.3% in women and 5.3% in men), total adiponectin (9.3%), and HMW adiponectin (17.2%). The results were largely similar for caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that coffee consumption is associated with favorable profiles of numerous biomarkers in key metabolic and inflammatory pathways. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03419455.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Ane Sørlie Kværner
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Wenjie Ma
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit and Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Yang Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Fred K Tabung
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Hongmei Nan
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, and Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Zhibin Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lorelei A Mucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA,Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit and Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Mingyang Song
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA,Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit and Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,Address correspondence to MS (e-mail: )
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12
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Sloan A, Song Y, Gail MH, Betensky R, Rosner B, Ziegler RG, Smith-Warner SA, Wang M. Design and analysis considerations for combining data from multiple biomarker studies. Stat Med 2018; 38:1303-1320. [PMID: 30569596 DOI: 10.1002/sim.8052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pooling data from multiple studies improves estimation of exposure-disease associations through increased sample size. However, biomarker exposure measurements can vary substantially across laboratories and often require calibration to a reference assay prior to pooling. We develop two statistical methods for aggregating biomarker data from multiple studies: the full calibration method and the internalized method. The full calibration method calibrates all biomarker measurements regardless of the availability of reference laboratory measurements while the internalized method calibrates only non-reference laboratory measurements. We compare the performance of these two aggregation methods to two-stage methods. Furthermore, we compare the aggregated and two-stage methods when estimating the calibration curve from controls only or from a random sample of individuals from the study cohort. Our findings include the following: (1) Under random sampling for calibration, exposure effect estimates from the internalized method have a smaller mean squared error than those from the full calibration method. (2) Under the controls-only calibration design, the full calibration method yields effect estimates with the least bias. (3) The two-stage approaches produce average effect estimates that are similar to the full calibration method under a controls only calibration design and the internalized method under a random sample calibration design. We illustrate the methods in an application evaluating the relationship between circulating vitamin D levels and stroke risk in a pooling project of cohort studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Sloan
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yue Song
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mitchell H Gail
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Rebecca Betensky
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bernard Rosner
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Regina G Ziegler
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Stephanie A Smith-Warner
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Molin Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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13
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Tan VY, Biernacka KM, Dudding T, Bonilla C, Gilbert R, Kaplan RC, Qibin Q, Teumer A, Martin RM, Perks CM, Timpson NJ, Holly JMP. Reassessing the Association between Circulating Vitamin D and IGFBP-3: Observational and Mendelian Randomization Estimates from Independent Sources. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2018; 27:1462-1471. [PMID: 30072546 PMCID: PMC6837868 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-18-0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) has been associated with prostate cancer. Preclinical studies found that vitamin D regulates IGFBP-3 expression, although evidence from epidemiologic studies is conflicting. METHODS Mendelian randomization analyses (MR) were conducted to reassess associations between IGFBP-3 and prostate cancer risk and advanced prostate cancer using summary statistics from the PRACTICAL consortium (44,825 cases; 27,904 controls). Observational and MR analyses were conducted to assess the relationship between inactive vitamin D [25(OH)D] and IGFBP-3 using data from the ProtecT study (1,366 cases;1,071 controls) and summary statistics from the CHARGE consortium (n = 18,995). RESULTS The OR for prostate cancer per SD unit increase in circulating IGFBP-3 was 1.14 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02-1.28]. The OR for advanced prostate cancer per SD unit increase in IGFBP-3 was 1.22 (95% CI, 1.07-1.40). Observationally, a SD increase in 25(OH)D was associated with a 0.1SD (95% CI, 0.05-0.14) increase in IGFBP-3. MR analyses found little evidence for a causal relationship between circulating 25(OH)D and IGFBP-3 in the circulation. CONCLUSIONS This study provided confirmatory evidence that IGFBP-3 is a risk factor for prostate cancer risk and progression. Observationally, there was evidence that 25(OH)D is associated with IGFBP-3, but MR analyses suggested that these findings were unlikely to be causal. Findings may be limited by the nature of instrumentation of 25(OH)D and IGFBP-3 and the utility of circulating measures. 25(OH)D appears unlikely to be causally related to IGFBP-3 in the circulation, however, our findings do not preclude causal associations at the tissue level. IMPACT IGFBP-3 is a prostate cancer risk factor but 25(OH)D are unlikely to be causally related to IGFBP-3 in the circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Y Tan
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Kalina M Biernacka
- IGFs & Metabolic Endocrinology Group, School of Translational Health Sciences, Learning & Research Building, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Dudding
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Carolina Bonilla
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Gilbert
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Robert C Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Qi Qibin
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Richard M Martin
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | | | - Nicholas J Timpson
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jeff M P Holly
- IGFs & Metabolic Endocrinology Group, School of Translational Health Sciences, Learning & Research Building, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom
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14
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Tabung FK, Wang W, Fung TT, Smith-Warner SA, Keum N, Wu K, Fuchs CS, Hu FB, Giovannucci EL. Association of dietary insulinemic potential and colorectal cancer risk in men and women. Am J Clin Nutr 2018; 108:363-370. [PMID: 29901698 PMCID: PMC6454497 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Insulin response may be important in colorectal cancer development. Diet modulates insulin response and may be a modifiable factor in colorectal cancer prevention. Objective We examined associations between hyperinsulinemic diets and colorectal cancer risk with the use of an empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia (EDIH), a food-based index that characterizes dietary insulinemic potential on the basis of circulating C-peptide concentrations. Design Diet was assessed every 4 y with food-frequency questionnaires in 46,210 men (Health Professionals Follow-Up Study, 1986-2012) and 74,191 women (Nurses' Health Study, 1984-2012) to calculate EDIH scores. Multivariable-adjusted Cox regression was used to calculate HRs and 95% CIs for colorectal, proximal/distal colon, and rectal cancer risk. Results During 26 y of follow-up, we documented 2683 incident colorectal cancer cases. Comparing participants in the highest with those in the lowest quintiles, higher EDIH scores were associated with 33% (men: HR: 1.33; 95% CI: 1.11, 1.61; P-trend = 0.0005), 22% (women: HR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.45; P-trend = 0.01), and 26% (men and women: pooled HR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.12, 1.42; P-trend <0.0001) higher risk of developing colorectal cancer. The positive associations were limited to the distal colon and rectum in men and to the distal and proximal colon in women; however, combined risk estimates were significant for all anatomic locations except for the rectum. For example, comparing participants in extreme EDIH quintiles, there was no significant association for proximal colon cancer in men (HR: 1.15; 95% CI: 0.84, 1.57; P-trend = 0.32), but the risk was elevated for distal colon (HR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.14, 2.32; P-trend = 0.002) and rectal (HR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.09, 2.44; P-trend = 0.01) cancer. Among women, the risk was elevated for proximal (HR: 1.28; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.63; P-trend = 0.03) and distal (HR: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.05, 2.03; P-trend = 0.03) colon cancer but not for rectal cancer (HR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.60, 1.29; P-trend = 0.61). Conclusion The findings suggest that the insulinemic potential of diet may partly underlie the influence of dietary intake on colorectal cancer development. This observational study was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03364582.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fred K Tabung
- Departments of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA,Departments of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA,Address correspondence to FKT (e-mail: )
| | - Weike Wang
- Departments of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA,Departments of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Teresa T Fung
- Departments of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA,Department of Nutrition, Simmons College, Boston, MA
| | - Stephanie A Smith-Warner
- Departments of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA,Departments of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - NaNa Keum
- Departments of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA,Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Kana Wu
- Departments of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Charles S Fuchs
- Smilow Cancer Hospital at Yale University Cancer Center, New Haven, CT,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Frank B Hu
- Departments of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA,Departments of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Departments of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA,Departments of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
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15
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Ma W, Song M, Kværner AS, Prescott J, Chan AT, Giovannucci EL, Zhang X. Sex-Specific Association between Family History of Diabetes and Risk of Colorectal Cancer: Two Prospective Cohort Studies. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2018; 11:535-544. [PMID: 29991578 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-18-0159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer. It remains unclear whether family history of diabetes influences colorectal cancer risk and relevant biomarkers. We followed 101,323 women from the Nurses' Health Study (1982-2012) and 48,542 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1988-2012), free of cancer and inflammatory bowel disease at baseline. Participants reported whether any of their first-degree family members ever had diabetes in multiple questionnaires administered biennially. Plasma levels of colorectal cancer-related biomarkers were measured in subsets of participants from previous nested case-control studies. We documented 1,950 colorectal cancer cases in women and 1,173 colorectal cancer cases in men. After adjustment for potential confounders including obesity and diabetes, the hazard ratio (HR) for colorectal cancer among men who had family history of diabetes was 1.19 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.04-1.36) as compared with those who did not. The corresponding HR was 1.06 among women (95% CI, 0.96-1.17). Interestingly, for individuals younger than 60 years, these associations appeared stronger among men (HR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.15-2.38) and possibly among women (HR, 1.23; 95% CI, 0.99-1.54). Moreover, family history of diabetes was related to reduced levels of estradiol, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), and adiponectin in men, with a greater reduction of SHBG for those younger than 60 years (P for interaction = 0.03). In conclusion, family history of diabetes was associated with increased colorectal cancer risk in men, which may be partly mediated by altered sex hormones and adiponectin. The possible positive association in younger women needs further confirmation. Cancer Prev Res; 11(9); 535-44. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Ma
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mingyang Song
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ane Sørlie Kværner
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Andrew T Chan
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. .,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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16
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Huang YF, Wu YH, Cheng WF, Peng SL, Shen WL, Chou CY. Vitamin D-Binding Protein Enhances Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Progression by Regulating the Insulin-like Growth Factor-1/Akt Pathway and Vitamin D Receptor Transcription. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:3217-3228. [PMID: 29476020 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-2943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Malignant ascites of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) helps identify prognostic biomarkers or mechanisms of tumor progression. Vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) was revealed to be upregulated in EOC ascites in our previous proteomic study. Here, we examined the role of DBP in EOC.Experimental Design: We analyzed ascites, serum, and tissue samples of patients with newly diagnosed EOC to determine the prognostic effects of DBP. We verified DBP function using orthotopic animal models and DBP regulation in ovarian cancer cell lines.Results: Elevated ascitic DBP was significantly associated with poor response to chemotherapy, short progression-free interval, increased cancer progression, and death. Ascitic DBP overexpression was an independent unfavorable biomarker for progression-free survival; DBP overexpression in cancerous tissue was significantly related to chemoresistance. In vivo and in vitro investigations demonstrated an important role for DBP in ovarian cancer progression. Orthotopic model mice inoculated with DBP knockdown ovarian cancer cells displayed a significant reduction in tumor formation, malignant cell number, ascitic DBP levels, invasiveness, and metastasis, and increased survival compared with controls. In presence of vitamin D receptor (VDR), DBP promoted cell aggression (invasion and doubling time) via activation of the insulin-like growth factor-1/insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-2/Akt axis, and induced suppression of vitamin D-responsive genes. A NF-κB p65-binding site in the VDR promoter was identified as a major determinant of DBP-dependent VDR promoter activation.Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of DBP in ovarian tumor progression and the potential application of DBP as a therapeutic target for EOC. Clin Cancer Res; 24(13); 3217-28. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fang Huang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hui Wu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Fang Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ling Peng
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Lin Shen
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yang Chou
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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17
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A framework to understand diet, physical activity, body weight, and cancer risk. Cancer Causes Control 2017; 29:1-6. [PMID: 29124545 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-017-0975-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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18
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25-Hydroxyvitamin D Status and Risk for Colorectal Cancer and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Epidemiological Studies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14020127. [PMID: 28134804 PMCID: PMC5334681 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14020127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence suggests an association between low vitamin D status and risk for various outcomes including cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Analyzing serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] is the most established means to evaluate an individual's vitamin D status. However, cutoff values for 25(OH)D insufficiency as well as for optimal 25(OH)D levels are controversial. This systematic review critically summarizes the epidemiological evidence regarding 25(OH)D levels and the risk for colorectal cancer and T2DM. The meta-analytical calculation revealed a pooled relative risk (RR) of 0.62 (CI 0.56-0.70; I² = 14.7%) for colorectal cancer and an RR of 0.66 (CI 0.61-0.73; I² = 38.6%) for T2DM when comparing individuals with the highest category of 25(OH)D with those in the lowest. A dose-response analysis showed an inverse association between 25(OH)D levels and RR for both outcomes up to concentrations of about 55 ng/mL for colorectal cancer and about 65 ng/mL for T2DM. At still higher 25(OH)D levels the RR increases slightly, consistent with a U-shaped association. In conclusion, a higher 25(OH)D status is associated with a lower risk for colorectal cancer and T2DM; however, this advantage is gradually lost as levels increase beyond 50-60 ng/mL.
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19
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Xu J, Ye Y, Wu H, Duerksen-Hughes P, Zhang H, Li P, Huang J, Yang J, Wu Y, Xia D. Association between markers of glucose metabolism and risk of colorectal cancer. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e011430. [PMID: 27354075 PMCID: PMC4932260 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Independent epidemiological studies have evaluated the association between markers of glucose metabolism (including fasting glucose, fasting insulin, homeostasis model of risk assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and C peptide) and the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, such associations have not been systematically analysed and no clear conclusions have been drawn. Therefore, we addressed this issue using a meta-analysis approach. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES PubMed and EMBASE were searched up to May 2015. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Either a fixed-effects or random-effects model was adopted to estimate overall ORs for the association between markers of glucose metabolism and the risk of CRC. In addition, dose-response, meta-regression, subgroup and publication bias analyses were conducted. RESULTS 35 studies involving 25 566 patients and 5 706 361 participants were included. Higher levels of fasting glucose, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, HbA1c and C peptide were all significantly associated with increased risk of CRC (fasting glucose, pooled OR=1.12, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.18; fasting insulin, pooled OR=1.42, 95% CI 1.19 to 1.69; HOMA-IR, pooled OR=1.47, 95% CI 1.24 to 1.74; HbA1c, pooled OR=1.22, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.47 (with borderline significance); C peptide, pooled OR=1.27, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.49). Subgroup analysis suggested that a higher HOMA-IR value was significantly associated with CRC risk in all subgroups, including gender, study design and geographic region. For the relative long-term markers, the association was significant for HbA1c in case-control studies, while C peptide was significantly associated with CRC risk in both the male group and colon cancer. CONCLUSIONS The real-time composite index HOMA-IR is a better indicator for CRC risk than are fasting glucose and fasting insulin. The relative long-term markers, HbA1c and C peptide, are also valid predictors for CRC risk. Considering the included case-control studies in the current analysis, more cohort studies are warranted to enhance future analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Xu
- Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Toxicology, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yao Ye
- Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Toxicology, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Han Wu
- Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Penelope Duerksen-Hughes
- Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Honghe Zhang
- Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peiwei Li
- Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yihua Wu
- Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Toxicology, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dajing Xia
- Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Toxicology, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
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20
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Yoon YS, Keum N, Zhang X, Cho E, Giovannucci EL. Circulating levels of IGF-1, IGFBP-3, and IGF-1/IGFBP-3 molar ratio and colorectal adenomas: A meta-analysis. Cancer Epidemiol 2015; 39:1026-35. [PMID: 26388613 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1) promotes cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis, and is thereby implicated in carcinogenesis. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) may antagonize IGF-1 action, leading to inhibition of the potential tumorigenicity of IGF-1. We conducted this meta-analysis to estimate the association between IGF-1, IGFBP-3 and IGF-1/IGFBP-3 ratio and the risk of colorectal adenomas (CRAs). Further, we investigated whether this association was different between occurrent and recurrent CRA, by adjustment for obesity, and by advanced CRA. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pubmed and Embase were searched up to April, 2015 to identify relevant observational studies and summary odds ratio (OR) and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was estimated using a random-effects model. RESULTS A total of 12 studies (11 studies including 3038 cases for IGF-1, 12 studies including 3208 cases for IGFBP-3, and 7 studies including 1867 cases for IGF-1/IGFBP-3 ratio) were included in this meta-analysis. The summary ORs of occurrent CRA for the highest versus lowest category of IGF-1, IGFBP-3 and IGF-1/IGFBP-3 ratio were 1.13 (95% CI: 0.95-1.34), 0.99 (0.84-1.16), and 1.05 (0.86-1.29), respectively. Higher IGF-1 and IGF-1/IGFBP-3 ratio were significantly associated with decreased risk of recurrent CRA (OR for IGF-1=0.60 [95% CI: 0.42-0.85]; IGF-1/IGFBP-3 ratio=0.65 [0.44-0.96]). A stratified analysis by advancement of occurrent CRA produced a significant summary OR of IGF-1 for advanced CRA (OR=2.21 [1.08-4.52]) but not for non-advanced CRA (OR=0.89 [0.55-1.45]). We did not find significant publication bias or heterogeneity. CONCLUSION Circulating levels of IGF-1, IGFBP-3 and their molar ratio were not associated with the risk of occurrence of CRA, but IGF-1 was associated with the increased risk for occurrence of advanced CRA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong Sook Yoon
- Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 411-706, South Korea.
| | - NaNa Keum
- Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Eunyoung Cho
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Brown School of Public Health, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Chong DQ, Mehta RS, Song M, Kedrin D, Meyerhardt JA, Ng K, Wu K, Fuchs CS, Giovannucci EL, Ogino S, Chan AT. Prediagnostic Plasma Adiponectin and Survival among Patients with Colorectal Cancer. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2015; 8:1138-45. [PMID: 26382604 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-15-0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Circulating adiponectin is inversely related to the risk of colorectal cancer. However, its influence on colorectal cancer survival is unclear. We conducted a prospective study to evaluate the association between prediagnostic plasma levels of adiponectin and mortality in patients with colorectal cancer. We identified 621 incident colorectal cancer cases who provided blood specimens prior to diagnosis within the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS). Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI). After a median follow-up of 9 years, there were 269 (43%) total deaths, of which 181 (67%) were due to colorectal cancer. Compared with participants in the lowest quartile of adiponectin, those in the highest quartile had multivariate HRs of 1.89 (95% CI, 1.21-2.97; P(trend) = 0.01) for colorectal cancer-specific mortality and 1.66 (95% CI, 1.15-2.39; P(trend) = 0.009) for overall mortality. The apparent increased risk in colorectal cancer-specific mortality was more pronounced in patients with metastatic disease (HR, 3.02: 95% CI, 1.50-6.08). Among patients with colorectal cancer, prediagnostic plasma adiponectin is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer-specific and overall mortality and is more apparent in patients with metastatic disease. Adiponectin may be a marker for cancers which develop through specific pathways that may be associated with worsened prognosis. Further studies are needed to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn Q Chong
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Raaj S Mehta
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mingyang Song
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dmitriy Kedrin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jeffrey A Meyerhardt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kimmie Ng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kana Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Charles S Fuchs
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Kim H, Suzuki T, Kim M, Kojima N, Ota N, Shimotoyodome A, Hase T, Hosoi E, Yoshida H. Effects of exercise and milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) supplementation on body composition, physical function, and hematological parameters in community-dwelling frail Japanese women: a randomized double blind, placebo-controlled, follow-up trial. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0116256. [PMID: 25659147 PMCID: PMC4319727 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the combined and separate effects of exercise and milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) supplementation on frailty, physical function, physical activity level, and hematological parameters in community-dwelling elderly Japanese women. Methods A total of 131 frail, elderly women over 75 years were randomly assigned to one of four groups: exercise and MFGM supplementation (Ex+MFGM), exercise and placebo (Ex+Plac), MFGM supplementation, or the placebo group. The exercise group attended a 60-minute training program twice a week for three months, and the MFGM group ingested 1g of the MFGM supplement in pill form, daily for 3 months. The primary outcome measure was change in frailty status based on Fried’s frailty phenotype. Secondary outcome measures included body composition, physical function and hematological parameters, and interview survey components assessing lifestyle factors. Participants were followed for 4 months post-intervention. Results Significant group×time interactions were observed for usual walking speed (P = 0.005), timed up & go (P<0.001), and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 / insulin-like growth factor 1 ratio (P = 0.013). The frailty components revealed that weight loss, exhaustion, low physical activity, and slow walking speed were reversed, but low muscle strength did not significantly changed. Frailty reversal rate was significantly higher in the Ex+MFGM (57.6%) than in the MFGM (28.1%) or placebo (30.3%) groups at post-intervention (χ2 = 8.827, P = 0.032), and at the follow-up was also significantly greater in the Ex+MFGM (45.5%) and Ex+Plac (39.4%) groups compared with the placebo (15.2%) group (χ2 = 8.607, P = 0.035). The exercise+MFGM group had the highest odds ratio (OR) for frailty reversal at post-intervention and follow-up (OR = 3.12, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.13–8.60; and OR = 4.67, 95% CI = 1.45–15.08, respectively). Conclusion This study suggests that interventions including exercise and nutrition can improve frailty status. Statistically significant additive effects of MFGM with exercise could not be confirmed in this population, and further investigation in larger samples is necessary. Trial Registration The Japan Medical Association Clinical Trial Registry (JMACCT)JMA-IIA00069
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Affiliation(s)
- Hunkyung Kim
- Research Team for Promoting Independence of the Elderly, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Takao Suzuki
- National Institute for Longevity Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | - Miji Kim
- Research Team for Promoting Independence of the Elderly, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Narumi Kojima
- Research Team for Promoting Independence of the Elderly, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriyasu Ota
- Biological Science Laboratories, Health Science, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Akira Shimotoyodome
- Biological Science Laboratories, Health Science, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Tadashi Hase
- Biological Science Laboratories, Health Science, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Erika Hosoi
- Research Team for Promoting Independence of the Elderly, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyo Yoshida
- Research Team for Promoting Independence of the Elderly, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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Martin P, Noonan S, Mullen MP, Scaife C, Tosetto M, Nolan B, Wynne K, Hyland J, Sheahan K, Elia G, O'Donoghue D, Fennelly D, O'Sullivan J. Predicting response to vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor and chemotherapy in metastatic colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:887. [PMID: 25428203 PMCID: PMC4289341 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bevacizumab improves progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in metastatic colorectal cancer patients however currently there are no biomarkers that predict response to this treatment. The aim of this study was to assess if differential protein expression can differentiate patients who respond to chemotherapy and bevacizumab, and to assess if select proteins correlate with patient survival. METHODS Pre-treatment serum from patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) treated with chemotherapy and bevacizumab were divided into responders and nonresponders based on their progression free survival (PFS). Serum samples underwent immunoaffinity depletion and protein expression was analysed using two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE), followed by LC-MS/MS for protein identification. Validation on selected proteins was performed on serum and tissue samples from a larger cohort of patients using ELISA and immunohistochemistry, respectively (n = 68 and n = 95, respectively). RESULTS 68 proteins were identified following LC-MS/MS analysis to be differentially expressed between the groups. Three proteins (apolipoprotein E (APOE), angiotensinogen (AGT) and vitamin D binding protein (DBP)) were selected for validation studies. Increasing APOE expression in the stroma was associated with shorter progression free survival (PFS) (p = 0.0001) and overall survival (OS) (p = 0.01), DBP expression (stroma) was associated with shorter OS (p = 0.037). Increasing APOE expression in the epithelium was associated with a longer PFS and OS, and AGT epithelial expression was associated with a longer PFS (all p < .05). Increasing serum AGT concentration was associated with shorter OS (p = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS APOE, DBP and AGT identified were associated with survival outcomes in mCRC patients treated with chemotherapy and bevacizumab.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jacintha O'Sullivan
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, St, James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland.
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24
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Muc-Wierzgoń M, Nowakowska-Zajdel E, Dzięgielewska-Gęsiak S, Kokot T, Klakla K, Fatyga E, Grochowska-Niedworok E, Waniczek D, Wierzgoń J. Specific metabolic biomarkers as risk and prognostic factors in colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:9759-9774. [PMID: 25110413 PMCID: PMC4123364 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i29.9759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2013] [Revised: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in genomics, molecular pathology and metabolism have generated many candidate biomarkers of colorectal cancer with potential clinical value. Epidemiological and biological studies suggest a role for adiposity, dyslipidaemia, hyperinsulinemia, altered glucose homeostasis, and elevated expression of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis members in the risk and prognosis of cancer. This review discusses some recent past and current approaches being taken by researches in obesity and metabolic disorders. The authors describe three main systems as the most studied metabolic candidates of carcinogenesis: dyslipidemias, adipokines and insulin/IGF axis. However, each of these components is unsuccessful in defining the diseases risk and progression, while their co-occurrence increases cancer incidence and mortality in both men and women.
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25
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Jung S, Qian ZR, Yamauchi M, Bertrand KA, Fitzgerald KC, Inamura K, Kim SA, Mima K, Sukawa Y, Zhang X, Wang M, Smith-Warner SA, Wu K, Fuchs CS, Chan AT, Giovannucci EL, Ng K, Cho E, Ogino S, Nishihara R. Predicted 25(OH)D score and colorectal cancer risk according to vitamin D receptor expression. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014; 23:1628-37. [PMID: 24920642 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-14-0229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite accumulating evidence for the preventive effect of vitamin D on colorectal carcinogenesis, its precise mechanisms remain unclear. We hypothesized that vitamin D was associated with a lower risk of colorectal cancer with high-level vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression, but not with risk of tumor with low-level VDR expression. METHODS Among 140,418 participants followed from 1986 through 2008 in the Nurses' Health Study and the Health Professionals' Follow-up Study, we identified 1,059 incident colorectal cancer cases with tumor molecular data. The predicted 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] score was developed using the known determinants of plasma 25(OH)D. We estimated the HR for cancer subtypes using the duplication method Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS A higher predicted 25(OH)D score was associated with a lower risk of colorectal cancer irrespective of VDR expression level (P(heterogeneity) for subtypes = 0.75). Multivariate HRs (95% confidence intervals) comparing the highest with the lowest quintile of predicted 25(OH)D scores were 0.48 (0.30-0.78) for VDR-negative tumor and 0.56 (0.42-0.75) for VDR-positive tumor. Similarly, the significant inverse associations of the predicted 25(OH)D score with colorectal cancer risk did not significantly differ by KRAS, BRAF, or PIK3CA status (P(heterogeneity) for subtypes ≥ 0.22). CONCLUSIONS A higher predicted vitamin D score was significantly associated with a lower colorectal cancer risk, regardless of VDR status and other molecular features examined. IMPACT The preventive effect of vitamin D on colorectal carcinogenesis may not totally depend on tumor factors. Host factors (such as local and systemic immunity) may need to be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungyoun Jung
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine and
| | - Zhi Rong Qian
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Departments of
| | - Mai Yamauchi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Departments of
| | | | | | - Kentaro Inamura
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Departments of Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland; and
| | - Sun A Kim
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Departments of
| | - Kosuke Mima
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Departments of
| | - Yasutaka Sukawa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Departments of
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine and
| | | | | | - Kana Wu
- Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Charles S Fuchs
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine and Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Departments of
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine and Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kimmie Ng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Departments of
| | - Eunyoung Cho
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine and Department of Dermatology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Departments of Epidemiology,
| | - Reiko Nishihara
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Departments of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts;
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Pibiri F, Kittles RA, Sandler RS, Keku TO, Kupfer SS, Xicola RM, Llor X, Ellis NA. Genetic variation in vitamin D-related genes and risk of colorectal cancer in African Americans. Cancer Causes Control 2014; 25:561-70. [PMID: 24562971 PMCID: PMC3978221 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-014-0361-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Disparities in both colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and survival impact African Americans (AAs) more than other US ethnic groups. Because vitamin D is thought to protect against CRC and AAs have lower serum vitamin D levels, genetic variants that modulate the levels of active hormone in the tissues could explain some of the cancer health disparity. Consequently, we hypothesized that genetic variants in vitamin D-related genes are associated with CRC risk. Methods To test this hypothesis, we studied 39 potentially functional single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in eight genes (CYP2R1, CYP3A4, CYP24A1, CYP27A1, CYP27B1, GC, DHCR7, and VDR) in 961 AA CRC cases and 838 healthy AA controls from Chicago and North Carolina. We tested whether SNPs are associated with CRC incidence using logistic regression models to calculate p values, odds ratios, and 95 % confidence intervals. In the logistic regression, we used a log-additive genetic model and used age, gender, and percent West African ancestry, which we estimated with the program STRUCTURE, as covariates in the models. Results A nominally significant association was detected between CRC and the SNP rs12794714 in the vitamin D 25-hydroxylase gene CYP2R1 (p = 0.019), a SNP that has previously been associated with serum vitamin D levels. Two SNPs, rs16847024 in the GC gene and rs6022990 in the CYP24A1 gene, were nominally associated with left-sided CRC (p = 0.015 and p = 0.018, respectively). Conclusions Our results strongly suggest that genetic variation in vitamin D-related genes could affect CRC susceptibility in AAs.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10552-014-0361-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Pibiri
- Department of Pediatrics and the Institute of Human Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, 900 S. Ashland Ave. MC 767, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
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Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) is a 7.5 kDa mitogenic peptide hormone expressed by liver and many other tissues. It is three times more abundant in serum than IGF1, but our understanding of its physiological and pathological roles has lagged behind that of IGF1. Expression of the IGF2 gene is strictly regulated. Over-expression occurs in many cancers and is associated with a poor prognosis. Elevated serum IGF2 is also associated with increased risk of developing various cancers including colorectal, breast, prostate and lung. There is established clinical utility for IGF2 measurement in the diagnosis of non-islet cell tumour hypoglycaemia, a condition characterised by a molar IGF2:IGF1 ratio >10. Recent advances in understanding of the pathophysiology of IGF2 in cancer have suggested much novel clinical utility for its measurement. Measurement of IGF2 in blood and genetic and epigenetic tests of the IGF2 gene may help assess cancer risk and prognosis. Further studies will determine whether these tests enter clinical practice. New therapeutic approaches are being developed to target IGF2 action. This review provides a clinical perspective on IGF2 and an update on recent research findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callum Livingstone
- Peptide Hormones Supraregional Assay Service (SAS), Clinical Biochemistry Department, Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Trust, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XX, UK Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 5XH, UK
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Song M, Zhang X, Wu K, Ogino S, Fuchs CS, Giovannucci EL, Chan AT. Plasma adiponectin and soluble leptin receptor and risk of colorectal cancer: a prospective study. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2013; 6:875-85. [PMID: 23872505 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Adipokines are adipocyte-secreted hormones that may mediate the etiologic link between obesity and colorectal cancer; however, the evidence from large prospective studies is limited. We prospectively evaluated the association of plasma adiponectin and soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R) with colorectal cancer risk within the Nurses' Health Study (1990-2008) and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1994-2008) among 616 incident colorectal cancer cases and 1,205 controls selected using risk-set sampling and matched on age and date of blood draw. In unconditional logistic regression with adjustment for matching factors and multiple risk factors, plasma adiponectin was significantly associated with reduced risk of colorectal cancer among men, but not among women. Compared with men in the lowest quartile of adiponectin, men in the highest quartile had a relative risk (RR) for colorectal cancer of 0.55 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.35-0.86; Ptrend = 0.02]. The corresponding RR in women was 0.96 (95% CI, 0.67-1.39; Ptrend = 0.74). Plasma sOB-R was not associated with overall colorectal cancer risk in either men or women. A significant heterogeneity was noted in the association between sOB-R and colorectal cancer by subsite in women (Pheterogeneity = 0.004); sOB-R was significantly associated with increased risk of rectal cancer but not colon cancer. These findings support a role for adiponectin in colorectal carcinogenesis in men. Further studies are warranted to confirm these associations and elucidate potential underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Song
- Division of Nutrition, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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29
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The Role of Diabetes and Diabetes Treatments in Colorectal Cancer Mortality, Incidence, and Survival. Curr Nutr Rep 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13668-012-0034-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Djiogue S, Nwabo Kamdje AH, Vecchio L, Kipanyula MJ, Farahna M, Aldebasi Y, Seke Etet PF. Insulin resistance and cancer: the role of insulin and IGFs. Endocr Relat Cancer 2013. [PMID: 23207292 DOI: 10.1530/erc-12-0324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Insulin, IGF1, and IGF2 are the most studied insulin-like peptides (ILPs). These are evolutionary conserved factors well known as key regulators of energy metabolism and growth, with crucial roles in insulin resistance-related metabolic disorders such as obesity, diseases like type 2 diabetes mellitus, as well as associated immune deregulations. A growing body of evidence suggests that insulin and IGF1 receptors mediate their effects on regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, glucose transport, and energy metabolism by signaling downstream through insulin receptor substrate molecules and thus play a pivotal role in cell fate determination. Despite the emerging evidence from epidemiological studies on the possible relationship between insulin resistance and cancer, our understanding on the cellular and molecular mechanisms that might account for this relationship remains incompletely understood. The involvement of IGFs in carcinogenesis is attributed to their role in linking high energy intake, increased cell proliferation, and suppression of apoptosis to cancer risks, which has been proposed as the key mechanism bridging insulin resistance and cancer. The present review summarizes and discusses evidence highlighting recent advances in our understanding on the role of ILPs as the link between insulin resistance and cancer and between immune deregulation and cancer in obesity, as well as those areas where there remains a paucity of data. It is anticipated that issues discussed in this paper will also recover new therapeutic targets that can assist in diagnostic screening and novel approaches to controlling tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sefirin Djiogue
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, University of Yaoundé 1, PO Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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Chen GC, Pang Z, Liu QF. Magnesium intake and risk of colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Eur J Clin Nutr 2012; 66:1182-6. [DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2012.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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