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Hunt M, Torres M, Bachar-Wikström E, Wikström JD. Multifaceted roles of mitochondria in wound healing and chronic wound pathogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1252318. [PMID: 37771375 PMCID: PMC10523588 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1252318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are intracellular organelles that play a critical role in numerous cellular processes including the regulation of metabolism, cellular stress response, and cell fate. Mitochondria themselves are subject to well-orchestrated regulation in order to maintain organelle and cellular homeostasis. Wound healing is a multifactorial process that involves the stringent regulation of several cell types and cellular processes. In the event of dysregulated wound healing, hard-to-heal chronic wounds form and can place a significant burden on healthcare systems. Importantly, treatment options remain limited owing to the multifactorial nature of chronic wound pathogenesis. One area that has received more attention in recent years is the role of mitochondria in wound healing. With regards to this, current literature has demonstrated an important role for mitochondria in several areas of wound healing and chronic wound pathogenesis including metabolism, apoptosis, and redox signalling. Additionally, the influence of mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy has also been investigated. However, few studies have utilised patient tissue when studying mitochondria in wound healing, instead using various animal models. In this review we dissect the current knowledge of the role of mitochondria in wound healing and discuss how future research can potentially aid in the progression of wound healing research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Hunt
- Dermatology and Venerology Division, Department of Medicine (Solna), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Monica Torres
- Dermatology and Venerology Division, Department of Medicine (Solna), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Dermato-Venereology Clinic, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Etty Bachar-Wikström
- Dermatology and Venerology Division, Department of Medicine (Solna), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jakob D. Wikström
- Dermatology and Venerology Division, Department of Medicine (Solna), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Dermato-Venereology Clinic, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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2
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Wang Q, Bode AM, Zhang T. Targeting CDK1 in cancer: mechanisms and implications. NPJ Precis Oncol 2023; 7:58. [PMID: 37311884 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-023-00407-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs) are serine/threonine kinases that are proposed as promising candidate targets for cancer treatment. These proteins complexed with cyclins play a critical role in cell cycle progression. Most CDKs demonstrate substantially higher expression in cancer tissues compared with normal tissues and, according to the TCGA database, correlate with survival rate in multiple cancer types. Deregulation of CDK1 has been shown to be closely associated with tumorigenesis. CDK1 activation plays a critical role in a wide range of cancer types; and CDK1 phosphorylation of its many substrates greatly influences their function in tumorigenesis. Enrichment of CDK1 interacting proteins with Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis was conducted to demonstrate that the associated proteins participate in multiple oncogenic pathways. This abundance of evidence clearly supports CDK1 as a promising target for cancer therapy. A number of small molecules targeting CDK1 or multiple CDKs have been developed and evaluated in preclinical studies. Notably, some of these small molecules have also been subjected to human clinical trials. This review evaluates the mechanisms and implications of targeting CDK1 in tumorigenesis and cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiushi Wang
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Ave NE, Austin, MN, 55912, USA
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Ave NE, Austin, MN, 55912, USA.
| | - Tianshun Zhang
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Ave NE, Austin, MN, 55912, USA.
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El-Esawy FM, Ahmed IA, El-Fallah AA, Salem RM. Methotrexate Mechanism of Action in Plaque Psoriasis: Something New in the Old View. THE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND AESTHETIC DERMATOLOGY 2022; 15:42-46. [PMID: 36061481 PMCID: PMC9436225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the era of biologic therapy in the management of psoriasis, methotrexate, the traditional backbone of psoriasis treatment, does not stop surprising us with what it can offer. OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to evaluate the peripheral expression and the serum levels of TWEAK in patients with psoriasis vulgaris before and after receiving methotrexate treatment. METHODS The study included 58 patients with moderate to severe psoriasis vulgaris, and 90 apparently healthy individuals as a control group. Before starting the treatment course, all patients were evaluated clinically using Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) score and were subjected to TWEAK serum levels and peripheral expression measurement using ELISA and qRT-PCR techniques, respectively. After 12 weeks of treatment with methotrexate (intramuscular methotrexate; up to 30mg per week) the patients were re-evaluated both clinically and in the laboratory. RESULTS The baseline serum TWEAK levels and its peripheral mRNA expression in the patients group were significantly lower than those in the control group. After 12 weeks of treatment with methotrexate, the PASI scores were reduced significantly while the serum TWEAK levels and its peripheral expression were significantly elevated. CONCLUSION Enhancing TWEAK expression and elevating its serum levels in psoriasis patients seems to be a newly observed mechanism of action of methotrexate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Mohamed El-Esawy
- Drs. Salem and El-Esawy are with the Dermatology Department and Faculty of Medicine at Benha University, in Banha, Egypt
| | - Inas A. Ahmed
- Dr. Ahmed is with Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine at Benha University in Banha, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Adel El-Fallah
- Dr. El-Fallah is Assistant Professor of Clinical and Chemical Pathology with the Faculty of Medicine at Benha University in Banha, Egypt
| | - Rehab Mohammed Salem
- Drs. Salem and El-Esawy are with the Dermatology Department and Faculty of Medicine at Benha University, in Banha, Egypt
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MicroRNA-378a-3p is overexpressed in psoriasis and modulates cell cycle arrest in keratinocytes via targeting BMP2 gene. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14186. [PMID: 34244572 PMCID: PMC8270917 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93616-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin disease driven by dysregulations at the cellular, genomic and genetic levels. MicroRNAs are key mediators of gene expression regulation. However, how microRNAs control the pathogenesis of psoriasis is still unclear. Here, we reported a significant up-regulation of miR-378a-3p (miR-378a) in skin biopsies from active psoriatic lesions while it was down-regulated after treatment with methotrexate or narrow-band ultraviolet B phototherapy. Using the keratinocyte in vitro model, we showed that miR-378a disturbed the cell cycle progression, causing cell cycle arrest at G1 phase. Transcriptomic analysis of keratinocytes with miR-378a overexpression and depletion revealed several important biological mechanisms related to inflammation and tight junction. Target mRNA transcript assessed by luciferase assay identified bone morphogenetic protein 2 as a novel target gene of miR-378a. These findings offer a mechanistic model where miR-378a contributes to the pathogenesis of psoriasis.
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Estadt SN, Maz MP, Musai J, Kahlenberg JM. Mechanisms of Photosensitivity in Autoimmunity. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 142:849-856. [PMID: 34167786 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant responses to UV light frequently lead to the formation of skin lesions and the activation of systemic inflammation in some autoimmune diseases, especially systemic lupus erythematosus. Whereas the effects of UV light on the skin have been studied for decades, only recently have some of the mechanisms that contribute to abnormal responses to UV light in patients with autoimmune diseases been uncovered. This review will discuss the biology of UV in the epidermis and discuss the abnormal epidermal and inflammatory mechanisms that contribute to photosensitivity. Further research is required to fully understand how to normalize UV-mediated inflammation in patients with autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon N Estadt
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Graduate Program in Immunology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Mitra P Maz
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Graduate Program in Immunology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jon Musai
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - J Michelle Kahlenberg
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Dermatology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
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Feoktistova M, Makarov R, Leverkus M, Yazdi AS, Panayotova-Dimitrova D. TNF Is Partially Required for Cell-Death-Triggered Skin Inflammation upon Acute Loss of cFLIP. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228859. [PMID: 33238518 PMCID: PMC7700656 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
cFLIP is required for epidermal integrity and skin inflammation silencing via protection from TNF-induced keratinocyte apoptosis. Here, we generated and analyzed cFLIP epidermal KO mice with additional TNF deficiency. Intriguingly, the ablation of TNF rescued the pathological phenotype of epidermal cFLIP KO from characteristic weight loss and increased mortality. Moreover, the lack of TNF in these animals strongly reduced and delayed the epidermal hyperkeratosis and the increased apoptosis in keratinocytes. Our data demonstrate that TNF signaling in cFLIP-deficient keratinocytes is the critical factor for the regulation of skin inflammation via modulated cytokine and chemokine expression and, thus, the attraction of immune cells. Our data suggest that autocrine TNF loop activation upon cFLIP deletion is dispensable for T cells, but is critical for neutrophil attraction. Our findings provide evidence for a negative regulatory role of cFLIP for TNF-dependent apoptosis and partially for epidermal inflammation. However, alternative signaling pathways may contribute to the development of the dramatic skin disease upon cFLIP deletion. Our data warrant future studies of the regulatory mechanism controlling the development of skin disease upon cFLIP deficiency and the role of cFLIP/TNF in a number of inflammatory skin diseases, including toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN).
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Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Receptor Expression Determines Keratinocyte Fate upon Stimulation with TNF-Like Weak Inducer of Apoptosis. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:2945083. [PMID: 31885495 PMCID: PMC6915140 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2945083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction between tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) regulates the fate of keratinocytes, depending on the relative expression of TNF receptor (TNFR) 1 or TNFR2. However, the precise mechanism underlying this TWEAK-mediated regulation remains unclear. The aim of this study was to provide comprehensive insight into the roles of Fn14, TNFR1/2, and other relevant molecules in the fate of keratinocytes. Further, we sought to elucidate the structural basis for the interaction of TWEAK and Fn14 in regulating cellular outcomes. Normal keratinocytes (mainly expressing TNFR1) and TNFR2-overexpressing keratinocytes were stimulated with TWEAK. Through immunoprecipitation and Western blotting of keratinocyte lysates, we elucidated the associations between Fn14, TNFR-associated factor 2 (TRAF2), cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1 (cIAP1), and TNFR1/2 molecules. Additionally, we found that TRAF2 exhibited binding to Fn14, cIAP1, and TNFR1/2. Our data suggest that TWEAK induces apoptosis in normal keratinocytes and proliferation in TNFR2-overexpressing keratinocytes in a TNF-α-independent manner; however, inhibition of TRAF2 appears to reverse this effect. Interestingly, the interaction between TWEAK and Fn14 increased TNFR1-associated death domain protein and caspase-8 expression in normal keratinocytes and promoted cytoplasmic import of cIAP1 in TNFR2-overexpressing keratinocytes. In conclusion, we found that the Fn14-TRAF2-TNFR signaling axis mediates TWEAK's regulation of the fate of keratinocytes, possibly in a manner involving the TNF-α-independent TNFR signal transduction.
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Acharya S, Prabhu P, Patil VS, Acharya AB, Nikhil K. Immunohistochemical expression of tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis and fibroblast growth factor-inducible immediate early response protein 14 in oral squamous cell carcinoma and its implications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 10:e12469. [PMID: 31541512 DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
AIM To study the expression of tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and fibroblast growth factor-inducible immediate early response protein 14 (Fn14) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), to elucidate the possible role of TWEAK-Fn14 in OSCC development. METHODS Immunohistochemistry for TWEAK-Fn14 was performed on 61 oral mucosal samples: healthy oral mucosa (HOM; N = 15); oral dysplastic lesions (ODL; N = 15); and OSCC (N = 31). Extent of staining (ES) and immunoreactive score (IRS) were assessed. The data was statistically analyzed. RESULTS All OSCC expressed TWEAK, and the Fn14 expression was noted in 90% of OSCC. A significant difference in the TWEAK and Fn14 expression was noted among the groups. ES and IRS of TWEAK-Fn14 significantly increased in OSCC compared with ODL and HOM. ES of TWEAK was significantly higher than Fn14 in all 3 groups. ES of TWEAK-Fn14 was significantly higher at the invasive tumor front (ITF) than in the whole tumor. TWEAK-Fn14 showed a significant association with clinicopathological parameters of prognostic significance. CONCLUSION Findings suggest that TWEAK and Fn14 may participate in the growth and progression of OSCC. Increased expression of TWEAK-Fn14 at the ITF may facilitate increased proliferation, altered differentiation and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swetha Acharya
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, India
| | - Prashant Prabhu
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, India
| | - Vidya S Patil
- Department of Biochemistry, SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, India
| | - Anirudh B Acharya
- Department of Periodontics, SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, India
| | - Krithi Nikhil
- Biostatistician, Department of Public Health Dentistry, SDM College of Dental Sciences & Hospital, Dharwad, India
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Engin B, Tanakol A, Bulut H, Songür A, Vehid HE, Gökalp E, Kutlubay Z, Özkoca D, Tüzün Y, Serdaroğlu S. Changes in serum TNF‐like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) levels and Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) scores in plaque psoriasis patients treated with conventional versus anti‐TNF treatments. Int J Dermatol 2019; 59:207-215. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.14646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Burhan Engin
- Department of Dermatology Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty İstanbul University‐Cerrahpaşa Istanbul Turkey
| | - Ali Tanakol
- Department of Dermatology Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty İstanbul University‐Cerrahpaşa Istanbul Turkey
| | - Huri Bulut
- Department of Biochemistry Medical Faculty Bezm‐i Alem University Istanbul Turkey
| | | | - Hayriye E. Vehid
- Department of Biostatistics Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty İstanbul University‐Cerrahpaşa Istanbul Turkey
| | - Eral Gökalp
- Department of Biostatistics Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty İstanbul University‐Cerrahpaşa Istanbul Turkey
| | - Zekayi Kutlubay
- Department of Dermatology Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty İstanbul University‐Cerrahpaşa Istanbul Turkey
| | - Defne Özkoca
- Department of Dermatology Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty İstanbul University‐Cerrahpaşa Istanbul Turkey
| | - Yalçın Tüzün
- Department of Dermatology Medical Park Bahçelievler Hospital Altınbaş University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Server Serdaroğlu
- Department of Dermatology Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty İstanbul University‐Cerrahpaşa Istanbul Turkey
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10
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Jeon HJ, Choi BBR, Park KH, Hwang DS, Kim UK, Kim GC. Induction of Melanoma Cell-Selective Apoptosis Using Anti-HER2 Antibody-Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles. Yonsei Med J 2019; 60:509-516. [PMID: 31124333 PMCID: PMC6536400 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2019.60.6.509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was conducted to verify the induction and mechanism of selective apoptosis in G361 melanoma cells using anti-HER2 antibody-conjugated gold nanoparticles (GNP-HER2). MATERIALS AND METHODS Following GNP-HER2 treatment of G361 cells, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis were measured by WST-1 assay, Hemacolor staining, Hoechst staining, immunofluorescence staining, fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis, and Western blotting. RESULTS G361 cells treated with GNP-HER2 showed condensation of nuclei, which is an apoptotic phenomenon, and translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor and cytochrome c from mitochondria into the nucleus and cytoplasm, respectively. Increases in BAX in cells undergoing apoptosis, activation of caspase-3 and -9, and fragmentation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase and DNA fragmentation factor 45 (inhibitor of caspase-activated DNase) were observed upon GNP-HER2 treatment. Following GNP-HER2 treatment, an increase of cells in sub-G1 phase, which is a signal of cell apoptosis, was observed. This resulted in the down-regulation of cyclin A, cyclin D1, cyclin E, cdk2, cdk4, and cdc2 and the up-regulation of p21. Thus, GNP-HER2 treatment was confirmed to induce the cessation of cell cycle progression. Also, decreases in phospho-focal adhesion kinase and phospho-human epidermal growth factor receptor, which activate cellular focal adhesion, and decreases in phospho-paxillin, which stimulates the disassembly of filamentous actin, were observed. Reduced cell adhesion and disassembly of the intracellular structure indicated cell deactivation. CONCLUSION GNP-HER2 can selectively kill G361 melanoma cells without affecting normal cells. The mechanism of G361 cell death upon treatment with GNP-HER2 was apoptosis accompanied by activation of caspases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Jun Jeon
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Byul Bo Ra Choi
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
- Feagle Co., Ltd., Yangsan, Korea
| | - Kwang Ha Park
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Dae Seok Hwang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Uk Kyu Kim
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea.
| | - Gyoo Cheon Kim
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea.
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El‐Taweel AEI, Salem RM, Abdelrahman AMN, Mohamed BAE. Serum TWEAK in acne vulgaris: An unknown soldier. J Cosmet Dermatol 2019; 19:514-518. [DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rehab Mohammed Salem
- Department of Dermatology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine Benha University Benha Egypt
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12
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Hu G, Liang L, Liu Y, Liu J, Tan X, Xu M, Peng L, Zhai S, Li Q, Chu Z, Zeng W, Xia Y. TWEAK/Fn14 Interaction Confers Aggressive Properties to Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Invest Dermatol 2019; 139:796-806. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Acharya S, Prabhu P, Patil V, Acharya AB, Desai A, Nikhil K. Tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis expression in healthy oral mucosa, oral dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2019; 23:369-377. [PMID: 31942116 PMCID: PMC6948056 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_151_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of cancer, as it participates in the progression of internal malignancies. However, its role in the biology of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is uncertain. Studies regarding TWEAK in SCC have shown inconsistent results. We aimed to study the expression of TWEAK in healthy oral mucosa, oral dysplastic lesions and in oral SCC (OSCC). Methods: Immunohistochemistry for TWEAK was performed on one hundred oral mucosal tissues, healthy control (HC) (n = 20), oral dysplasia (OD) (n = 20) and OSCC (n = 60). Staining intensity, extent of staining (ES) and immunoreactive Score (IRS) were assessed for each sample. Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA, Mann–Whitney U, Chi-square and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient were applied. Results: TWEAK was expressed in 55% of HC, 90% of OD and in all cases of OSCC, with variable intensities. A significant difference in the ES and IRS of TWEAK was noted among the three groups. ES and IRS were highest in OSCC group. ES of TWEAK was significantly higher at invasive tumor front (ITF) than in the whole tumor, with a significant positive correlation. TWEAK expression showed a significant association with invasive front grading, pattern of invasion and surgical margins of OSCC. Conclusions: TWEAK may contribute to the progression of OSCC. It might also sustain altered differentiation, invasion and migration of tumor cells at ITF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swetha Acharya
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, A Constituent Unit of Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheswara University, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Prashant Prabhu
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, A Constituent Unit of Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheswara University, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Vidya Patil
- Department of Biochemistry, SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, A Constituent Unit of Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheswara University, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Anirudh B Acharya
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, Majmaah University, Zulfi, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Anil Desai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, A Constituent Unit of Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheswara University, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Krithi Nikhil
- Consultant, Biostatistician, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
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Liu J, Liu Y, Peng L, Li J, Wu K, Xia L, Wu J, Wang S, Wang X, Liu Q, Zeng W, Xia Y. TWEAK/Fn14 Signals Mediate Burn Wound Repair. J Invest Dermatol 2019; 139:224-234. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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15
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Xu RD, Feng F, Yu XS, Liu ZD, Lao LF. miR-149-5p inhibits cell growth by regulating TWEAK/Fn14/PI3K/AKT pathway and predicts favorable survival in human osteosarcoma. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2018; 32:2058738418786656. [PMID: 30014744 PMCID: PMC6050806 DOI: 10.1177/2058738418786656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) as small non-coding RNAs act as either tumor suppressors or
oncogenes in human cancers, of which miR-149-5p (miR-149) is involved in tumor
growth and metastasis, but its role and molecular mechanisms underlying
osteosarcoma growth are poorly understood. The correlation of miR-149 expression
with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis in patients with sarcoma
was analyzed by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) RNA-sequencing data. Osteosarcoma
cell growth affected by miR-149 was evaluated by
3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and colony
formation assays. As a result, we found that the expression level of miR-149 was
markedly downregulated in human sarcoma samples and were negatively associated
with tumor size, acting as an independent prognostic factor for overall survival
of the sarcoma patients. Restoration of miR-149 expression suppressed
osteosarcoma cell growth, while its knockdown reversed these effects.
Furthermore, we identified TNFRSF12A (TNF receptor superfamily member 12A), also
called fibroblast growth factor–inducible 14 (Fn14) as a direct target of
miR-149, and TNFRSF12A and its ligand TNFSF12 (TNF superfamily member 12), also
called tumor necrosis factor–related weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK), were
both negatively correlated with miR-149 expression in sarcoma samples. Knockdown
of TNFRSF12A suppressed cell growth, but its overexpression weakened the
antiproliferative effects of miR-149 via the PI3K/AKT (AKT serine/threonine
kinase) signaling pathway. Altogether, our findings show that miR-149 functions
as a tumor suppressor in osteosarcoma via inhibition of the TWEAK–Fn14 axis and
represents a potential therapeutic target in patients with osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Da Xu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Feng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Sheng Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zu-De Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Feng Lao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Yadav K, Singh D, Singh MR. Protein biomarker for psoriasis: A systematic review on their role in the pathomechanism, diagnosis, potential targets and treatment of psoriasis. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 118:1796-1810. [PMID: 30017989 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is defined as a long-lasting multifactorial inflammatory autoimmune skin condition precisely characterized by delimited, erythematic papules with adherent shiny scales. The conditions are led by hyperproliferative responses of epidermis due to hyperactivation and immature keratinocytes production. The psoriatic skin consists of the thickened epidermal layer, in concurrence with inflammatory exudates in the dermis mainly of dendritic cells, neutrophils, T cells, and macrophages, contributing to the distinct manifestation of psoriatic lesions. It consents to multifaceted and discrete pathology due to the genetic and immunological alteration resulting from abnormal expression of various regulatory and structural proteins. These proteins are associated with various cellular and sub-cellular activities. Therefore, the presence of protein in a pathological cellular environment in the psoriatic lesions as well as in serum could be a great avenue for the insight of pathomechanism, anticipation and diagnosis of psoriasis. Research of protein biomarker in psoriasis is yet a developing realm to be explored by both fundamental and clinical researchers. This review is an attempt to assimilate the current discoveries and revelations of different proteins as a biomarker and their importance in pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and anticipation of both the inflammatory and other dermatological aspects of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Yadav
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India
| | - Deependra Singh
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India; National Centre for Natural Resources, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India
| | - Manju Rawat Singh
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India; National Centre for Natural Resources, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India.
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17
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Fn14 deficiency ameliorates psoriasis-like skin disease in a murine model. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:801. [PMID: 30038329 PMCID: PMC6056551 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0820-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) is a multifunctional cytokine that acts through its receptor fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14). Recent studies demonstrated that the TWEAK/Fn14 signals participate in the development of psoriasis. The purpose of this study was to further explore the effect of Fn14 inhibition on experimental psoriasis. Psoriasis-like skin disease was induced in the wild-type and Fn14-knockout BALB/c mice. We found that Fn14 deficiency ameliorates psoriasis-like lesion in this model, accompanied by less inflammatory cell infiltration and proinflammatory cytokine production in lesional skin. The cutaneous expression of TNF receptor type 2 also decreased in the Fn14-deficient mice. Moreover, the topical application of TWEAK exacerbated psoriatic lesion in the wild-type but not in the Fn14-deficient mice. Furthermore, TWEAK promoted the expression of interleukin 8, keratin 17, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) but inhibited the expression of involucrin in psoriatic keratinocytes in vitro. Interestingly, such effect of TWEAK was abrogated by an EGFR inhibitor (erlotinib). TWEAK also enhances the proliferation and interleukin-6 production of dermal microvascular endothelial cells under psoriatic condition. In conclusion, TWEAK/Fn14 signals contribute to the development of psoriasis, and involves the modulation of resident cells and the transduction of the EGFR pathway. Fn14 inhibition might be a novel therapeutic strategy for patients with psoriasis.
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18
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Doerner J, Chalmers SA, Friedman A, Putterman C. Fn14 deficiency protects lupus-prone mice from histological lupus erythematosus-like skin inflammation induced by ultraviolet light. Exp Dermatol 2018; 25:969-976. [PMID: 27305603 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The cytokine TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and its receptor Fn14 are involved in cell survival and cytokine production. The TWEAK/Fn14 pathway plays a role in the pathogenesis of spontaneous cutaneous lesions in the MRL/lpr lupus strain; however, the role of TWEAK/Fn14 in disease induced by ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation has not been explored. MRL/lpr Fn14 knockout (KO) was compared to MRL/lpr Fn14 wild-type (WT) mice following exposure to UVB. We found that irradiated MRL/lpr KO mice had significantly attenuated cutaneous disease when compared to their WT counterparts. There were also fewer infiltrating immune cells (CD3+ , IBA-1+ and NGAL+ ) in the UVB-exposed skin of MRL/lpr Fn14KO mice, as compared to Fn14WT. Furthermore, we identified several macrophage-derived proinflammatory chemokines with elevated expression in MRL/lpr mice after UV exposure. Depletion of macrophages, using a CSF-1R inhibitor, was found to be protective against the development of skin lesions after UVB exposure. In combination with the phenotype of the MRL/lpr Fn14KO mice, these findings indicate a critical role for Fn14 and recruited macrophages in UVB-triggered cutaneous lupus. Our data strongly suggest that TWEAK/Fn14 signalling is important in the pathogenesis of UVB-induced cutaneous disease manifestations in the MRL/lpr model of lupus and further support this pathway as a possible target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Doerner
- The Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Samantha A Chalmers
- The Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Adam Friedman
- Department of Dermatology, George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Chaim Putterman
- The Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.,Division of Rheumatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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19
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Jin LB, Zhu J, Liang CZ, Tao LJ, Liu B, Yu W, Zou HH, Wang JJ, Tao H. Paeoniflorin induces G2/M cell cycle arrest and caspase-dependent apoptosis through the upregulation of Bcl-2 X-associated protein and downregulation of B-cell lymphoma 2 in human osteosarcoma cells. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:5095-5101. [PMID: 29363721 PMCID: PMC5865973 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Paeoniflorin (PF), extracted from the peony root, has been proved to possess antineoplastic activity in different cancer cell lines. However, it remains unclear whether PF has an antineoplastic effect against osteosarcoma cells. The present study investigated the effects and the specific mechanism of PF on various human osteosarcoma cell lines. Using the multiple methods to detect the activity of PF on HOS and Saos-2 human osteosarcoma cell lines, including an MTS assay, flow cytometry, transmission electron microscopy and western blotting, it was demonstrated that PF induces inhibition of proliferation, G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in the osteosarcoma cell lines in vitro, and activation of cleaved-caspase-3 and cleaved-poly (ADPribose) polymerase in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the pro-apoptotic factors Bcl-2 X-associated protein and BH3 interacting domain death agonist were uregulated, while the anti-apoptotic factors B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2-extra large were downregulated. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that PF has a promising therapeutic potential in for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Bin Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Cheng-Zhen Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Li-Jiang Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Han Hui Zou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Jie Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Huimin Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
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20
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Liu Q, Xiao S, Xia Y. TWEAK/Fn14 Activation Participates in Skin Inflammation. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:6746870. [PMID: 29038621 PMCID: PMC5606047 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6746870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) participates in multiple biological activities via binding to its sole receptor-fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14). The TWEAK/Fn14 signaling pathway is activated in skin inflammation and modulates the inflammatory responses of keratinocytes by activating nuclear factor-κB signals and enhancing the production of several cytokines, including interleukins, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted), and interferon gamma-induced protein 10. Mild or transient TWEAK/Fn14 activation contributes to tissular repair and regeneration while excessive or persistent TWEAK/Fn14 signals may lead to severe inflammatory infiltration and tissue damage. TWEAK also regulates cell fate of keratinocytes, involving the function of Fn14-TNF receptor-associated factor-TNF receptor axis. By recruiting inflammatory cells, promoting cytokine production, and regulating cell fate, TWEAK/Fn14 activation plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of various skin disorders, such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, cutaneous vasculitis, human papillomavirus infection and related skin tumors, and cutaneous autoimmune diseases. Therefore, the TWEAK/Fn14 pathway may be a potential target for the development of novel therapeutics for skin inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilu Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shengxiang Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yumin Xia
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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21
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Suwanpradid J, Holcomb ZE, MacLeod AS. Emerging Skin T-Cell Functions in Response to Environmental Insults. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 137:288-294. [PMID: 27784595 PMCID: PMC5552043 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Skin is the primary barrier between the body and the outside world, functioning not only as a physical barrier, but also as an immunologic first line of defense. A large number of T cells populate the skin. This review highlights the ability of these cutaneous T cells to regulate skin-specific environmental threats, including microbes, injuries, solar UV radiation, and allergens. Since much of this knowledge has been advanced from murine studies, we focus our review on how the mouse state has informed the human state, emphasizing the key parallels and differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jutamas Suwanpradid
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Zachary E Holcomb
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Amanda S MacLeod
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Pinnell Center for Investigative Dermatology and Skin Disease Research Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
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22
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Chen J, Wei L, Xia Y. Roles of tumour necrosis factor-related weak inducer of apoptosis/fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 pathway in lupus nephritis. Nephrology (Carlton) 2017; 22:101-106. [PMID: 27786399 DOI: 10.1111/nep.12957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
| | - Linlin Wei
- Core Research Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
| | - Yumin Xia
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
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23
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Kim BK, Kim I, Lee AR, Yoo HI, Yoon SK. Mouse-specific up-regulation of Ccnb1 expression by miR-199a-5p in keratinocyte. FEBS Open Bio 2016; 6:1131-1140. [PMID: 27833853 PMCID: PMC5095150 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) are a class of single-stranded, small non-coding RNA that regulate various biological processes, including skin and hair cycle regulation, by modulating the expression of specific genes at the post-transcriptional level. Recently, several studies reported that miRNA directly or indirectly up-regulate target genes. Previously, we performed microarray analysis to identify the target genes of miR-199a-5p in a mouse skin keratinocyte cell line and detected more than 200 genes whose expression was significantly increased by miR-199a-5p overexpression (> 1.5-fold). In this study, we further investigated these genes and found that cyclin B1 (Ccnb1) expression was positively regulated by miR-199a-5p in keratinocyte. Moreover, Ccnb1 expression was inversely correlated with miR-199a-5p expression during the mouse hair cycle. Cell cycle analysis showed that the proportion of cells in S phase was slightly increased, while the proportion of cells in G2/M phase decreased by miR-199-5p. Using luciferase assay, we found that the 3' untranslated region of Ccnb1 was a direct target of miR-199a-5p. We also found that the regulation of Ccnb1 expression by miR-199a-5p is mouse specific. CCNB1 expression was not affected in the human and monkey cell lines. These results provide a new relationship between Ccnb1 and miR-199a-5p in both mouse keratinocyte and miRNA biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bong-Kyu Kim
- Department of Medical Lifesciences The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Korea
| | - Injung Kim
- Department of Medical Lifesciences The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Korea
| | - Ah-Reum Lee
- Department of Medical Lifesciences The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Korea
| | - Hye-In Yoo
- Department of Medical Lifesciences The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Korea
| | - Sungjoo Kim Yoon
- Department of Medical Lifesciences The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Korea
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24
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Myśliwiec H, Myśliwiec P, Baran A, Flisiak I. Dithranol treatment of plaque-type psoriasis increases serum TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK). Adv Med Sci 2016; 61:207-211. [PMID: 26895458 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Revised: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) mediates not only apoptosis, but also inflammation, cell growth and angiogenesis. The role of TWEAK in psoriasis remains unknown. The aim of the study was to assess serum levels of TWEAK in psoriatic patients before and after topical treatment with dithranol in relation to the clinical activity of the disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS Serum samples were collected from 40 patients with plaque type psoriasis before and after topical treatment with dithranol. The concentrations of serum TWEAK were measured by ELISA and next compared with 16 healthy controls. The data were analyzed with respect to Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI). RESULTS Baseline serum TWEAK concentrations of psoriatic patients (685±166pg/ml) were significantly greater compared to healthy controls (565±110pg/ml). Topical treatment resulted in further increase in serum TWEAK (749±179pg/ml; p<0.01). In case of patients with initial serum TWEAK concentrations above the median, PASI after topical treatment was lower compared to the individuals with initial TWEAK below the median. CONCLUSION According to the study, serum Tweak was increased in psoriasis patients compared with controls. Moreover, dithranol topical treatment caused further increase in serum TWEAK. Also, a higher effectiveness of topical treatment was observed in case of patients with higher initial TWEAK concentrations. The results suggest a potential role of TWEAK in psoriasis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Myśliwiec
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Piotr Myśliwiec
- I Department of General and Endocrinological Surgery, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anna Baran
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Iwona Flisiak
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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25
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Serum levels of TWEAK in patients with psoriasis vulgaris. Cytokine 2016; 77:10-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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26
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Cheng H, Zhan N, Ding D, Liu X, Zou X, Li K, Xia Y. HPV Type 16 Infection Switches Keratinocytes from Apoptotic to Proliferative Fate under TWEAK/Fn14 Interaction. J Invest Dermatol 2015; 135:2427-2436. [DOI: 10.1038/jid.2015.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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27
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Cheng H, Xu M, Liu X, Zou X, Zhan N, Xia Y. TWEAK/Fn14 activation induces keratinocyte proliferation under psoriatic inflammation. Exp Dermatol 2015; 25:32-7. [PMID: 26264384 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Cheng
- Department of Medicine; The Second Affiliated Hospital; School of Medicine; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
- Department of Dermatology; The Second Affiliated Hospital; School of Medicine; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
| | - Meifeng Xu
- Department of Dermatology; The Second Affiliated Hospital; School of Medicine; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Department of Dermatology; The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; Changzhou China
| | - Xiaoyan Zou
- Department of Dermatology; Hubei Maternity and Child Health Hospital; Wuhan China
| | - Na Zhan
- Department of Pathology; Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University; Wuhan China
| | - Yumin Xia
- Department of Dermatology; The Second Affiliated Hospital; School of Medicine; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
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28
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Doerner JL, Wen J, Xia Y, Paz KB, Schairer D, Wu L, Chalmers SA, Izmirly P, Michaelson JS, Burkly LC, Friedman AJ, Putterman C. TWEAK/Fn14 Signaling Involvement in the Pathogenesis of Cutaneous Disease in the MRL/lpr Model of Spontaneous Lupus. J Invest Dermatol 2015; 135:1986-1995. [PMID: 25826425 PMCID: PMC4504782 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2015.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK, TNFSF12) and its sole receptor Fn14, belonging to the TNF ligand and receptor superfamilies respectively, are involved in cell survival and cytokine production. The role of TWEAK/Fn14 interactions in the pathogenesis of cutaneous lupus has not been explored. TWEAK treatment of murine PAM212 keratinocytes stimulated the secretion of RANTES via Fn14 and promoted apoptosis. Parthenolide, but not wortmanin or the MAPK inhibitor PD98059, significantly decreased production of RANTES, indicating that this effect of TWEAK is mediated via NF-κB signaling. UVB irradiation significantly upregulated the expression of Fn14 on keratinocytes in vitro and in vivo and increased RANTES production. MRL/lpr Fn14 knockout (KO) lupus mice were compared with MRL/lpr Fn14 wild-type (WT) mice to evaluate for any possible differences in the severity of cutaneous lesions and the presence of infiltrating immune cells. MRL/lpr Fn14 KO mice had markedly attenuated cutaneous disease as compared with their Fn14 WT littermates, as evidenced by the well-maintained architecture of the skin and significantly decreased skin infiltration of T cells and macrophages. Our data strongly implicate TWEAK/Fn14 signaling in the pathogenesis of the cutaneous manifestations in the MRL/lpr model of spontaneous lupus and suggest a possible target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Doerner
- The Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Jing Wen
- The Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Yumin Xia
- The Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Karin Blecher Paz
- The Division of Dermatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - David Schairer
- The Division of Dermatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Lan Wu
- Biogen Idec, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Samantha A Chalmers
- The Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Peter Izmirly
- Division of Rheumatology, NYU-Langone Medical Center, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Adam J Friedman
- The Division of Dermatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Chaim Putterman
- The Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA; The Division of Rheumatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
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29
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Xia Y, Herlitz LC, Gindea S, Wen J, Pawar RD, Misharin A, Perlman H, Wu L, Wu P, Michaelson JS, Burkly LC, Putterman C. Deficiency of fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) preserves the filtration barrier and ameliorates lupus nephritis. J Am Soc Nephrol 2014; 26:1053-70. [PMID: 25270074 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2014030233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
TNF ligand superfamily member 12, also known as TNF-related weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK), acts through its receptor, fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14), to mediate several key pathologic processes involved in tissue injury relating to lupus nephritis. To explore the potential for renal protection in lupus nephritis by targeting this pathway, we introduced the Fn14 null allele into the MRL-lpr/lpr lupus mouse strain. At 26-38 weeks of age, female Fn14-knockout MRL-lpr/lpr mice had significantly lower levels of proteinuria compared with female wild-type MRL-lpr/lpr mice. Furthermore, Fn14-knockout mice had significantly improved renal histopathology accompanied by attenuated glomerular and tubulointerstitial inflammation. There was a significant reduction in glomerular Ig deposition in Fn14-knockout mice, despite no detectable differences in either serum levels of antibodies or splenic immune cell subsets. Notably, we found that the Fn14-knockout mice displayed substantial preservation of podocytes in glomeruli and that TWEAK signaling directly damaged barrier function and increased filtration through podocyte and glomerular endothelial cell monolayers. Our results show that deficiency of the Fn14 receptor significantly improves renal disease in a spontaneous lupus nephritis model through prevention of the direct injurious effects of TWEAK on the filtration barrier and/or modulation of cytokine production by resident kidney cells. Thus, blocking the TWEAK/Fn14 axis may be a novel therapeutic intervention in immune-mediated proliferative GN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Xia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Division of Rheumatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Leal C Herlitz
- Department of Pathology, Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Simona Gindea
- Division of Rheumatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Jing Wen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and
| | - Rahul D Pawar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Division of Rheumatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Alexander Misharin
- Division of Rheumatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Harris Perlman
- Division of Rheumatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Lan Wu
- Department of Immunology, Biogen Idec, Cambridge, Massachusetts; and
| | - Ping Wu
- Department of Immunology, Biogen Idec, Cambridge, Massachusetts; and
| | | | - Linda C Burkly
- Department of Immunology, Biogen Idec, Cambridge, Massachusetts; and
| | - Chaim Putterman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Division of Rheumatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York;
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30
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Feichtinger RG, Sperl W, Bauer JW, Kofler B. Mitochondrial dysfunction: a neglected component of skin diseases. Exp Dermatol 2014; 23:607-14. [PMID: 24980550 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant mitochondrial structure and function influence tissue homeostasis and thereby contribute to multiple human disorders and ageing. Ten per cent of patients with primary mitochondrial disorders present skin manifestations that can be categorized into hair abnormalities, rashes, pigmentation abnormalities and acrocyanosis. Less attention has been paid to the fact that several disorders of the skin are linked to alterations of mitochondrial energy metabolism. This review article summarizes the contribution of mitochondrial pathology to both common and rare skin diseases. We explore the intriguing observation that a wide array of skin disorders presents with primary or secondary mitochondrial pathology and that a variety of molecular defects can cause dysfunctional mitochondria. Among them are mutations in mitochondrial- and nuclear DNA-encoded subunits and assembly factors of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes; mutations in intermediate filament proteins involved in linking, moving and shaping of mitochondria; and disorders of mitochondrial DNA metabolism, fatty acid metabolism and heme synthesis. Thus, we assume that mitochondrial involvement is the rule rather than the exception in skin diseases. We conclude the article by discussing how improving mitochondrial function can be beneficial for aged skin and can be used as an adjunct therapy for certain skin disorders. Consideration of mitochondrial energy metabolism in the skin creates a new perspective for both dermatologists and experts in metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- René G Feichtinger
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
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Wajant H. The TWEAK-Fn14 system as a potential drug target. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 170:748-64. [PMID: 23957828 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) is a member of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family that is induced in a variety of cell types in situations of tissue injury. Fn14 becomes activated by TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK), a typical member of the TNF ligand family. TWEAK is constitutively expressed by monocytes and some tumour cell lines and also shows cytokine inducible expression in various other cell types. Fn14 activation results in stimulation of signalling pathways culminating in the activation of NFκB transcription factors and various MAPKs but might also trigger the PI3K/Akt pathway and GTPases of the Rho family. In accordance with its tissue damage-associated expression pattern and its pleiotropic proinflammatory signalling capabilities, the TWEAK-Fn14 system has been implicated in a huge number of pathologies. The use of TWEAK- and Fn14-knockout mice identified the TWEAK-Fn14 system as a crucial player in muscle atrophy, cerebral ischaemia, kidney injury, atherosclerosis and infarction as well as in various autoimmune scenarios including experimental autoimmune encephalitis, rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease. Moreover, there is increasing preclinical evidence that Fn14 targeting is a useful option in tumour therapy. Based on a discussion of the signalling capabilities of TWEAK and Fn14, this review is focused on two major issues. On the one hand, on the molecular and cellular basis of the TWEAK/Fn14-related pathological outcomes in the aforementioned diseases and on the other hand, on the preclinical experience that have been made so far with TWEAK and Fn14 targeting drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Wajant
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Wang Y, Yang J, Chen L, Wang J, Wang Y, Luo J, Pan L, Zhang X. Artesunate induces apoptosis through caspase-dependent and -independent mitochondrial pathways in human myelodysplastic syndrome SKM-1 cells. Chem Biol Interact 2014; 219:28-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Yager JA. Erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: a comparative review. Vet Dermatol 2014; 25:406-e64. [PMID: 24990284 DOI: 10.1111/vde.12142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human erythema multiforme (EM) and Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) are separate conditions. There is no consensus on classification criteria for the eponymous diseases in animals. RESULTS Animal EM is very different from 90% of human EM, which is herpes virus associated (HAEM). Animals lack acrally distributed, typical raised targets. Unlike canine parvovirus 'EM', HAEM is not an active infection. Animal EM is often attributed to drugs, but this is rarely proved. Conversely, human and animal SJS/TEN are almost identical, life-threatening disorders of epidermal necrosis and detachment, typically triggered by drugs (occasionally by infectious agents). Both EM and SJS/TEN are mediated by cytotoxic lymphocyte responses against altered keratinocytes (infectious agents or drugs). Apoptosis results from direct cytotoxicity or through soluble mediators, namely Fas ligand, granzymes, perforin and granulysin. Diagnosis in humans is clinicopathological, with emphasis on clinical lesions; histopathology confirms the pathological process as interface (cytotoxic) dermatitis. Human EM is self-limiting; only recurrent and rare persistent cases require antiviral/immunosuppressive therapies. Drug-induced EM responds to drug withdrawal. Idiopathic canine EM (>40%) is usually chronic, refractory to treatment and may represent heterogeneous conditions. Early identification and removal of the causative drug and high-quality supportive care are critical in SJS/TEN. Mortality rate is nevertheless high. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE (1) Histopathological lesions do not reliably differentiate EM, SJS and TEN. (2) A multicentre study to develop a consensus set of clinical criteria for EM and SJS/TEN in animals is overdue. (3) No adjunctive therapies, including intravenous immunoglobulin and ciclosporin, have met evidence-based standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie A Yager
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, N1G2W1
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Low blood levels of sTWEAK are related to locoregional failure in head and neck cancer. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2014; 272:1733-41. [PMID: 24858806 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-014-3095-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Identifying serum pre-treatment molecular markers that can predict response to therapy is of great interest in head and neck oncology and is required to develop personalized treatments that maximize survival while minimizing morbidity. The main aim was to investigate the potential prognostic significance of tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK), and its receptors, fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) and CD163, in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The study comprised 37 consecutive patients with pathologically confirmed, untreated HNSCC. Serum and tissue samples from these patients were available for study. We determined sTWEAK and sCD163 levels in serum from 37 HNSCC patients by ELISA. TWEAK, CD163, Fn14 and TNF-α gene expression were detected by real-time RT-PCR in 111 matched tissue samples (tumoral, adjacent and distal/normal mucosa). Our results showed a significant relationship between low sTWEAK levels and poor locoregional control of the disease. Kaplan-Meier curves indicated that the locoregional recurrence-free survival rate in patients with low sTWEAK circulating levels was significantly lower than in patients with high levels, and that high CD136/TWEAK expression ratio in tumors was also related to poor prognosis. sTWEAK pre-treatment serum levels might be used as prognostic non-invasive biomarkers for locoregional control in patients with HNSCC. Future investigations are warranted to determine the potential prognostic significance of this non-invasive biomarker in the rapid discrimination according to the locoregional control achieved in patients who received a non-surgical organ preservation treatment.
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MacLeod AS, Rudolph R, Corriden R, Ye I, Garijo O, Havran WL. Skin-resident T cells sense ultraviolet radiation-induced injury and contribute to DNA repair. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 192:5695-702. [PMID: 24808367 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1303297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Skin-resident T cells have been shown to play important roles in tissue homeostasis and wound repair, but their role in UV radiation (UVR)-mediated skin injury and subsequent tissue regeneration is less clear. In this study, we demonstrate that acute UVR rapidly activates skin-resident T cells in humans and dendritic epidermal γδ T cells (DETCs) in mice through mechanisms involving the release of ATP from keratinocytes. Following UVR, extracellular ATP leads to an increase in CD69 expression, proliferation, and IL-17 production, and to changes in DETC morphology. Furthermore, we find that the purinergic receptor P2X7 and caspase-1 are necessary for UVR-induced IL-1 production in keratinocytes, which increases IL-17 secretion by DETCs. IL-17, in turn, induces epidermal TNF-related weak inducer of apoptosis and growth arrest and DNA damage-associated gene 45, two molecules linked to the DNA repair response. Finally, we demonstrate that DETCs and human skin-resident T cells limit DNA damage in keratinocytes. Taken together, our findings establish a novel role for skin-resident T cells in the UVR-associated DNA repair response and underscore the importance of skin-resident T cells to overall skin regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda S MacLeod
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Ross Rudolph
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Scripps Clinic Torrey Pines, La Jolla, CA 92037; Division of Plastic Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037; and
| | - Ross Corriden
- Division of Pharmacology and Drug Discovery, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Ivan Ye
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Olivia Garijo
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Wendy L Havran
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037;
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Extensive differences in gene expression between symbiotic and aposymbiotic cnidarians. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2014; 4:277-95. [PMID: 24368779 PMCID: PMC3931562 DOI: 10.1534/g3.113.009084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Coral reefs provide habitats for a disproportionate number of marine species relative to the small area of the oceans that they occupy. The mutualism between the cnidarian animal hosts and their intracellular dinoflagellate symbionts provides the nutritional foundation for coral growth and formation of reef structures, because algal photosynthesis can provide >90% of the total energy of the host. Disruption of this symbiosis (“coral bleaching”) is occurring on a large scale due primarily to anthropogenic factors and poses a major threat to the future of coral reefs. Despite the importance of this symbiosis, the cellular mechanisms involved in its establishment, maintenance, and breakdown remain largely unknown. We report our continued development of genomic tools to study these mechanisms in Aiptasia, a small sea anemone with great promise as a model system for studies of cnidarian–dinoflagellate symbiosis. Specifically, we have generated de novo assemblies of the transcriptomes of both a clonal line of symbiotic anemones and their endogenous dinoflagellate symbionts. We then compared transcript abundances in animals with and without dinoflagellates. This analysis identified >900 differentially expressed genes and allowed us to generate testable hypotheses about the cellular functions affected by symbiosis establishment. The differentially regulated transcripts include >60 encoding proteins that may play roles in transporting various nutrients between the symbiotic partners; many more encoding proteins functioning in several metabolic pathways, providing clues regarding how the transported nutrients may be used by the partners; and several encoding proteins that may be involved in host recognition and tolerance of the dinoflagellate.
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Pelekanou V, Notas G, Kampa M, Tsentelierou E, Stathopoulos EN, Tsapis A, Castanas E. BAFF, APRIL, TWEAK, BCMA, TACI and Fn14 proteins are related to human glioma tumor grade: immunohistochemistry and public microarray data meta-analysis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e83250. [PMID: 24376672 PMCID: PMC3869762 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are common and lethal tumors of the central nervous system (CNS). Genetic alterations, inflammatory and angiogenic processes have been identified throughout tumor progression; however, treatment still remains palliative for most cases. Biological research on parameters influencing cell survival, invasion and tumor heterogeneity identified several cytokines interfering in CNS inflammation, oxidative stress and malignant transformation, including TNF-superfamily (TNFSF) members. In this report we performed a meta-analysis of public gene-array data on the expression of a group of TNFSF ligands (BAFF, APRIL, TWEAK) and their receptors (BAFF-R, TACI, BCMA, Fn14) in gliomas. In addition, we investigated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) the tumor cells' expression of these ligands and receptors in a series of 56 gliomas of different grade. We show that in IHC, BAFF and APRIL as well as their cognate receptors (BCMA, TACI) and Fn14 expression correlate with tumor grade. This result was not evidenced in micro-arrays meta-analysis. Finally, we detected for the first time Fn14, BAFF, BCMA and TACI in glioma-related vascular endothelium. Our data, combined with our previous report in glioma cell lines, suggest a role for these receptors and ligands in glioma biology and advance these molecules as potential markers for the classification of these tumors to the proliferative, angiogenic or stem-like molecular subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassiliki Pelekanou
- Laboratories of Experimental Endocrinology, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
- Laboratories of Pathology, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
| | - George Notas
- Laboratories of Experimental Endocrinology, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Marilena Kampa
- Laboratories of Experimental Endocrinology, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
| | | | | | - Andreas Tsapis
- Laboratories of Experimental Endocrinology, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
- INSERM U976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France; (4) Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Elias Castanas
- Laboratories of Experimental Endocrinology, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
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Park M, Lee B, Lee J. Expression of tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis in human middle ear cholesteatoma. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 2013; 75:221-7. [PMID: 23900149 DOI: 10.1159/000351552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) was recently identified as a member of the TNF superfamily of structurally related cytokines. It regulates TNF-α and numerous cellular responses. We investigated whether TWEAK is upregulated in human middle ear cholesteatoma compared to the skin of the normal external auditory canal (EAC). The expression of TWEAK was analyzed using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining. TWEAK expression was correlated with that of TNF-α as determined by Western blotting. The expression of TWEAK and TNF-α protein was stronger in cholesteatoma tissue than in EAC skin. TWEAK was expressed to a greater degree in the suprabasal layer in the cholesteatoma than in EAC skin. The expression of TWEAK was correlated more closely with single-stranded DNA than Ki-67 immunohistochemically. These findings imply that TWEAK plays an important role in modulating TNF-α expression and apoptosis in cholesteatoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Park
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
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Notas G, Alexaki VI, Kampa M, Pelekanou V, Charalampopoulos I, Sabour-Alaoui S, Pediaditakis I, Dessirier V, Gravanis A, Stathopoulos EN, Tsapis A, Castanas E. APRIL binding to BCMA activates a JNK2-FOXO3-GADD45 pathway and induces a G2/M cell growth arrest in liver cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 189:4748-58. [PMID: 23071284 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1102891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The TNF superfamily ligands APRIL and BAFF bind with different affinity to two receptors, BCMA and TACI, and induce cell survival and/or proliferation, whereas BAFF also binds specifically to BAFFR. These molecules were considered specific for the immune system. Recently, however, they were also found in epithelial and mesenchymal noncancerous and cancerous tissues and cell lines. In this article, we report that hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines HepG2 and Hep3B and HCC specimens express APRIL and BAFF and their receptors BCMA and BAFFR, but not TACI; APRIL/BCMA is enhanced in HCC, compared with normal liver tissue. In contrast to previous reports, APRIL binding to BCMA decreases cell proliferation by inducing G(2)/M cell cycle arrest, whereas BAFF has no effect on cell growth. HCC cells therefore represent a rare system in which these two ligands (APRIL and BAFF) exert a differential effect and may serve as a model for specific APRIL/BCMA actions. We show that the effect of APRIL is mediated via BCMA, which does not activate the classical NF-κB pathway, whereas it induces a novel signaling pathway, which involves JNK2 phosphorylation, FOXO3A activation, and GADD45 transcription. In addition, JNK2 mediates the phosphorylation of Akt, which is activated but does not participate in the antiproliferative effect of APRIL. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis revealed that APRIL modifies genes specifically related to cell cycle modulation, including MCM2/4/5/6, CDC6, PCNA, and POLE2. Our data, therefore, identify a novel APRIL/BCMA signaling pathway in HCC and suggest that APRIL could have a pleiotropic role in tumor biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Notas
- Laboratory of Experimental Endocrinology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, GR-71003, Greece
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