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Weman HM, Ceder MM, Ahemaiti A, Magnusson KA, Henriksson K, Andréasson L, Lagerström MC. Spinal Glycine Receptor Alpha 3 Cells Communicate Sensations of Chemical Itch in Hairy Skin. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1585232024. [PMID: 38553047 PMCID: PMC11079978 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1585-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycinergic neurons regulate nociceptive and pruriceptive signaling in the spinal cord, but the identity and role of the glycine-regulated neurons are not fully known. Herein, we have characterized spinal glycine receptor alpha 3 (Glra3) subunit-expressing neurons in Glra3-Cre female and male mice. Glra3-Cre(+) neurons express Glra3, are located mainly in laminae III-VI, and respond to glycine. Chemogenetic activation of spinal Glra3-Cre(+) neurons induced biting/licking, stomping, and guarding behaviors, indicative of both a nociceptive and pruriceptive role for this population. Chemogenetic inhibition did not affect mechanical or thermal responses but reduced behaviors evoked by compound 48/80 and chloroquine, revealing a pruriceptive role for these neurons. Spinal cells activated by compound 48/80 or chloroquine express Glra3, further supporting the phenotype. Retrograde tracing revealed that spinal Glra3-Cre(+) neurons receive input from afferents associated with pain and itch, and dorsal root stimulation validated the monosynaptic input. In conclusion, these results show that spinal Glra3(+) neurons contribute to acute communication of compound 48/80- and chloroquine-induced itch in hairy skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M Weman
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75108, Sweden
| | - Mikaela M Ceder
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75108, Sweden
| | - Aikeremu Ahemaiti
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75108, Sweden
| | - Kajsa A Magnusson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75108, Sweden
| | - Katharina Henriksson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75108, Sweden
| | - Linn Andréasson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75108, Sweden
| | - Malin C Lagerström
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75108, Sweden
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Kaushik A, Singh DP, Sahu M, Kumar A, Pratibha, Pandey P, Patel MK, Chanda D, Sundaresan V, Mani DN, Shukla AK. Protective effect of Achyranthes aspera against compound 48/80, histamine and ovalbumin-induced allergic disorders in murine model. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:202. [PMID: 38270668 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09137-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Achyranthes aspera L. (family Amaranthaceae) is a plant species valued in Ayurveda for the treatment of respiratory ailments. Scientific validation of its antiallergic potential was aimed. METHODS AND RESULTS Three extracts of A. aspera [aqueous (AaAq), hydroalcoholic (AaHA), ethanolic (AaEt)] were evaluated for their potency against C48/80-induced anaphylaxis in mice at 200 mg/kg BW oral dose. The effective dose of the most potent extract was determined through its effect on C48/80-induced anaphylaxis, and was further analyzed through its effect on mast cell degranulation, histamine-induced bronchospasm and ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma in a murine model. Among the three extracts, AaAq was found to be most potent at 200 mg/kg BW. AaAq 400 (400 mg/kg BW) was found to be the most effective dose in terms of inhibition of mortality and histamine level. AaAq 400 prevented the peritoneal and mesenteric mast cells from undergoing morphological changes due to degranulation induced by C48/80. Further, AaAq 400 delayed pre-convulsive time in histamine-induced bronchospasm. In the OVA-induced asthma model, AaAq 400 inhibited the level of inflammatory cell count in blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and peritoneal fluid of mice. The Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13), TGF-β and OVA-specific IgE were also reduced as evaluated by ELISA. Also, significant reduction in IL-5 (an eosinophilia indicator) transcript abundance and lung inflammatory score was observed. AaAq was safe up to 4000 mg/kg BW. CONCLUSIONS Thus AaAq 400 possesses significant antiallergic potential and acts via attenuation of C48/80-induced anaphylaxis and inhibition of mast cell degranulation. It reduces pre-convulsive dyspnea in histamine-induced bronchospasm and Th2 cytokines in asthmatic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kaushik
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dewasya P Singh
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mridula Sahu
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashish Kumar
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pratibha
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pallavi Pandey
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manish K Patel
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Debabrata Chanda
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Velusamy Sundaresan
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Research Centre, Allalasandra, GKVK Post, Bengaluru, 560065, Karnataka, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Daya N Mani
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Ashutosh K Shukla
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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3
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Jones BM, Mingin GC, Tykocki NR. The mast cell stimulator compound 48/80 causes urothelium-dependent increases in murine urinary bladder contractility. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2023; 325:F50-F60. [PMID: 37199916 PMCID: PMC10292985 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00116.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells and degranulation of preformed inflammatory mediators contribute to lower urinary tract symptoms. This study investigated pathways by which the mast cell stimulator compound 48/80 alters urinary bladder smooth muscle contractility via mast cell activation. We hypothesized that 1) mast cell degranulation causes spontaneous urinary bladder smooth muscle contractions and 2) these contractions are caused by urothelium-derived PGE2. Urothelium-intact and -denuded urinary bladder strips were collected from mast cell-sufficient (C57Bl/6) and mast cell-deficient (B6.Cg-Kitw-sh) mice to determine if compound 48/80 altered urinary bladder smooth muscle (UBSM) contractility. Electrical field stimulation was used to assess the effects of compound 48/80 on nerve-evoked contractions. Antagonists/inhibitors were used to identify prostanoid signaling pathways activated or if direct activation of nerves was involved. Compound 48/80 caused slow-developing contractions, increased phasic activity, and augmented nerve-evoked responses in both mast cell-sufficient and -deficient mice. Nerve blockade had no effect on these responses; however, they were eliminated by removing the urothelium. Blockade of P2 purinoreceptors, cyclooxygenases, or G protein signaling abolished compound 48/80 responses. However, only combined blockade of PGE2 (EP1), PGF2α (FP), and thromboxane A2 (TP) receptors inhibited compound 48/80-induced responses. Thus, the effects of compound 48/80 are urothelium dependent but independent of mast cells. Furthermore, these effects are mediated by druggable inflammatory pathways that may be used to manage inflammatory nonneurogenic bladder hyperactivity. Finally, these data strongly suggest that great care must be taken when using compound 48/80 to determine mast cell-dependent responses in the urinary bladder.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Urothelial cells are first responders to noxious contents of the urine. Our study demonstrates that the urothelium is not only a barrier but also a modulator of urinary bladder smooth muscle phasic activity and contractility independent of immune cell recruitment in response to an inflammatory insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Malique Jones
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States
| | - Gerald C Mingin
- Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States
| | - Nathan R Tykocki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States
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Tian W, He D, Liu J, Chen F, Zhang W, Hu J, Wang S. Topical borneol relieves nonhistaminergic pruritus via targeting TRPA1 and TRPM8 channels in peripheral nerve terminals of mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2023:175833. [PMID: 37290679 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Borneol has been used successfully for the treatment of itchy skin in traditional Chinese medicine. However, the antipruritic effect of borneol has rarely been studied, and the mechanism is unclear. Here, we showed that topical application of borneol on skin substantially suppressed pruritogen chloroquine- and compound 48/80-induced itching in mice. The potential targets of borneol, including transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 3 (TRPV3), transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1 (TRPA1), transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 8 (TRPM8), and gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor were pharmacologically inhibited or genetically knocked out one by one in mouse. Itching behavior studies demonstrated that the antipruritic effect of borneol is largely independent of TRPV3 and GABAA receptor, and TRPA1 and TRPM8 channels are responsible for a major portion of the effect of borneol on chloroquine-induced nonhistaminergic itching. Borneol activates TRPM8 and inhibits TRPA1 in sensory neurons of mice. Topical co-application of TRPA1 antagonist and TRPM8 agonist mimicked the effect of borneol on chloroquine-induced itching. Intrathecal injection of a group II metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist partially attenuated the effect of borneol and completely abolished the effect of TRPM8 agonist on chloroquine-induced itching, suggesting that a spinal glutamatergic mechanism is involved. In contrast, the effect of borneol on compound 48/80-induced histaminergic itching occurs through TRPA1-and TRPM8-independent mechanisms. Our work demonstrates that borneol is an effective topical itch reliever, and TRPA1 inhibition and TRPM8 activation in peripheral nerve terminals account for its antipruritic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Tian
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, and Ion Channel Research and Drug Development Center, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Dongmei He
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feiyu Chen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinsheng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Jiang Y, Zong Y, Du Y, Zhang M, Ye F, Zhang J, Yang Y, Zhu C, Tang Z. Curcumin inhibits the pruritus in mice through mast cell MrgprB2 receptor. Inflamm Res 2023; 72:933-945. [PMID: 36997814 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01724-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Curcumin is a diketone compound extracted from the rhizomes of some plants in the Zingiberaceae and Araceae family. It possesses a variety of biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. However, the cellular and molecular antipruritic mechanisms of curcumin remain to be explored. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to study the role of curcumin in pruritus and determine whether its antipruritic effect is related to MrgprB2 receptor. METHODS The effect of curcumin on pruritus in mice was examined by scratching behavior test. The antipruritic mechanism of curcumin was explored by using transgenic mice (MrgprB2-/- mice, MrgprB2CreTd/tomato mice), histological analysis, western blot and immunofluorescence. In addition, the relationship between curcumin and MrgprB2/X2 receptor was studied in vitro by using calcium imaging, plasmid transfection and molecular docking RESULTS: In the current study, we found that curcumin had obvious antipruritic effect. Its antipruritic effect was related to the regulation of MrgprB2 receptor activation and mast cells tryptase release. In vitro, mouse peritoneal mast cells activated by compound 48/80 could be inhibited by curcumin. In addition, curcumin was also found to suppress the calcium flux in MrgprX2 or MrgprB2-overexpression HEK cells induced by compound 48/80, substance P, and PAMP 9-20, displaying the specific relation with the MrgprB2/X2 receptor. Moreover, molecular docking results showed that curcumin had affinity to MrgprX2 protein. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these results indicated that curcumin has the potential to treat pruritus induced by mast cell MrgprB2 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucui Jiang
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- School of Chinese Medicine and School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingxin Zong
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Du
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fan Ye
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Yang
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chan Zhu
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zongxiang Tang
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Buhner S, Schäuffele S, Giesbertz P, Demir IE, Zeller F, Traidl-Hoffmann C, Schemann M, Gilles S. Allergen-free extracts from birch, ragweed, and hazel pollen activate human and guinea-pig submucous and spinal sensory neurons. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2023:e14559. [PMID: 36989179 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-allergenic, low molecular weight components of pollen grains are suspected to trigger changes in gut functions, sometimes leading to inflammatory conditions. Based on extensive neuroimmune communication in the gut wall, we investigated the effects of aqueous pollen extracts (APE) on enteric and spinal sensory neurons. METHODS Using Ca2+ and fast potentiometric imaging, we recorded the responses of guinea-pig and human submucous and guinea-pig dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons to microejection of low (<3 kDa) and high (≥3 kDa) molecular weight APEs of birch, ragweed, and hazel. Histamine was determined pharmacologically and by mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). KEY RESULTS Birch APE<3kDa evoked strong [Ca+2 ]i signals in the vast majority of guinea-pig DRG neurons, and in guinea-pig and human enteric neurons. The effect of birch APE≥3kDa was much weaker. Fast neuroimaging in human enteric neurons revealed an instantaneous spike discharge after microejection of birch, ragweed, and hazel APE<3kDa [median (interquartile range) at 7.0 Hz (6.2/9.8), 5.7 Hz (4.4/7.1), and 8.4 Hz (4.3/12.5), respectively]. The percentage of responding neurons per ganglion were similar [birch 40.0% (33.3/100.0), ragweed 50.8% (34.4/85.6), and hazel 83.3% (57.1/100.0)]. A mixture of histamine receptor (H1-H3) blockers significantly reduced nerve activation evoked by birch and ragweed APEs<3kDa , but was ineffective on hazel. Histamine concentrations in ragweed, birch and hazel APE's < 3 kDa were 0.764, 0.047, and 0.013 μM, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Allergen-free APEs from birch, ragweed, and hazel evoked strong nerve activation. Altered nerve-immune signaling as a result of severe pollen exposure could be a pathophysiological feature of allergic and non-allergic gut inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Buhner
- Chair of Human Biology, Technical University Munich, Freising, Germany
| | | | - Pieter Giesbertz
- Molecular Nutrition Unit, Technical University Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Ihsan Ekin Demir
- University Hospital Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Zeller
- Department of Surgery, Academic Hospital Freising, Freising, Germany
| | - Claudia Traidl-Hoffmann
- Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-Care), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Michael Schemann
- Chair of Human Biology, Technical University Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Stefanie Gilles
- Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
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Starkl P, Jonsson G, Artner T, Turnes BL, Serhan N, Oliveira T, Gail LM, Stejskal K, Channon KM, Köcher T, Stary G, Klang V, Gaudenzio N, Knapp S, Woolf CJ, Penninger JM, Cronin SJ. Mast cell-derived BH4 is a critical mediator of postoperative pain. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.24.525378. [PMID: 37293068 PMCID: PMC10245978 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.24.525378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Postoperative pain affects most patients after major surgery and can transition to chronic pain. Here, we discovered that postoperative pain hypersensitivity correlated with markedly increased local levels of the metabolite BH4. Gene transcription and reporter mouse analyses after skin injury identified neutrophils, macrophages and mast cells as primary postoperative sources of GTP cyclohydrolase-1 (Gch1) expression, the rate-limiting enzyme in BH4 production. While specific Gch1 deficiency in neutrophils or macrophages had no effect, mice deficient in mast cells or mast cell-specific Gch1 showed drastically decreased postoperative pain after surgery. Skin injury induced the nociceptive neuropeptide substance P, which directly triggers the release of BH4-dependent serotonin in mouse and human mast cells. Substance P receptor blockade substantially ameliorated postoperative pain. Our findings underline the unique position of mast cells at the neuro-immune interface and highlight substance P-driven mast cell BH4 production as promising therapeutic targets for the treatment of postoperative pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Starkl
- Research Division of Infection Biology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gustav Jonsson
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna BioCenter PhD Program, Doctoral School of the University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tyler Artner
- Research Division of Infection Biology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bruna Lenfers Turnes
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Research Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, United States, Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nadine Serhan
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), Inserm UMR1291 CNRS UMR5051, University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Tiago Oliveira
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Laura-Marie Gail
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- LBI-RUD – Ludwig-Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria
- CeMM, Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karel Stejskal
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Keith M. Channon
- Radcliffe Department of, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Thomas Köcher
- Vienna BioCenter Core Facilities (VBCF), 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Stary
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- LBI-RUD – Ludwig-Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria
- CeMM, Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Victoria Klang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicolas Gaudenzio
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), Inserm UMR1291 CNRS UMR5051, University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
- Genoskin SAS, Toulouse, France
| | - Sylvia Knapp
- Research Division of Infection Biology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Clifford J. Woolf
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Research Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, United States, Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Josef M. Penninger
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Medical Genetics, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Shane J.F. Cronin
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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8
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Saxena P, Broemer E, Herrera GM, Mingin GC, Roccabianca S, Tykocki NR. Compound 48/80 increases murine bladder wall compliance independent of mast cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:625. [PMID: 36635439 PMCID: PMC9837046 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27897-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A balance between stiffness and compliance is essential to normal bladder function, and changes in the mechanical properties of the bladder wall occur in many bladder pathologies. These changes are often associated with the release of basic secretagogues that in turn drive the release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells. Mast cell degranulation by basic secretagogues is thought to occur by activating an orphan receptor, Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor B2 (Mrgprb2). We explored the effects of the putative mast cell degranulator and Mrgprb2 agonist Compound 48/80 on urinary bladder wall mechanical compliance, smooth muscle contractility, and urodynamics, and if these effects were mast cell dependent. In wild-type mice, Mrgprb2 receptor mRNA was expressed in both the urothelium and smooth muscle layers. Intravesical instillation of Compound 48/80 decreased intermicturition interval and void volume, indicative of bladder overactivity. Compound 48/80 also increased bladder compliance while simultaneously increasing the amplitude and leading slope of transient pressure events during ex vivo filling and these effects were inhibited by the Mrgprb2 antagonist QWF. Surprisingly, all effects of Compound 48/80 persisted in mast cell-deficient mice, suggesting these effects were independent of mast cells. These findings suggest that Compound 48/80 degrades extracellular matrix and increases urinary bladder smooth muscle excitability through activation of Mrgprb2 receptors located outside of mast cells. Thus, the pharmacology and physiology of Mrgprb2 in the urinary bladder is of potential interest and importance in terms of treating lower urinary tract dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragya Saxena
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Eli Broemer
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Gerald M Herrera
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Gerald C Mingin
- Division of Urology, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Sara Roccabianca
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Nathan R Tykocki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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9
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Dalefield ML, Scouller B, Bibi R, Kivell BM. The Kappa Opioid Receptor: A Promising Therapeutic Target for Multiple Pathologies. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:837671. [PMID: 35795569 PMCID: PMC9251383 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.837671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Kappa-opioid receptors (KOR) are widely expressed throughout the central nervous system, where they modulate a range of physiological processes depending on their location, including stress, mood, reward, pain, inflammation, and remyelination. However, clinical use of KOR agonists is limited by adverse effects such as dysphoria, aversion, and sedation. Within the drug-development field KOR agonists have been extensively investigated for the treatment of many centrally mediated nociceptive disorders including pruritis and pain. KOR agonists are potential alternatives to mu-opioid receptor (MOR) agonists for the treatment of pain due to their anti-nociceptive effects, lack of abuse potential, and reduced respiratory depressive effects, however, dysphoric side-effects have limited their widespread clinical use. Other diseases for which KOR agonists hold promising therapeutic potential include pruritis, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease, inflammatory diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, cancer, and ischemia. This review highlights recent drug-development efforts targeting KOR, including the development of G-protein–biased ligands, mixed opioid agonists, and peripherally restricted ligands to reduce side-effects. We also highlight the current KOR agonists that are in preclinical development or undergoing clinical trials.
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Koroleva KS, Svitko SO, Nurmieva DA, Gafurov OS, Buglinina AD, Sitdikova GF. Effects of Nitric Oxide on the Electrical Activity of the Rat Trigeminal Nerve and Mast Cell Morphology. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093022030243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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11
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Antwi S, Oduro-Mensah D, Obiri DD, Osafo N, Antwi AO, Ansah HO, Ocloo A, Okine LKNA. Hydro-ethanol extract of Holarrhena floribunda stem bark exhibits anti-anaphylactic and anti-oedematogenic effects in murine models of acute inflammation. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:80. [PMID: 35305615 PMCID: PMC8934059 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03565-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Holarrhena floribunda (G.Don) T.Durand & Schinz stem bark has anecdotal use in Ghanaian folk medicine for the management of inflammatory conditions. This study was conducted to investigate the in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of the bark extract using models of acute inflammation in male Sprague Dawley rats, C57BL/6 mice and ICR mice. Methods A 70% hydro-ethanol extract of the stem bark (HFE) was evaluated at doses of 5–500 mg/kg bw. Local anaphylaxis was modelled by the pinnal cutaneous anaphylactic test. Systemic anaphylaxis or sepsis were modeled by compound 48/80 or lipopolysaccharide, respectively. Clonidine-induced catalepsy was used to investigate the effect on histamine signaling. Anti-oedematogenic effect was assessed by induction with carrageenan. Effects on mediators of biphasic acute inflammation were studied using histamine and serotonin (early phase) or prostaglandin E2 (late phase). Results HFE demonstrated anti-inflammatory and/or anti-oedematogenic activity comparable to standard doses of aspirin and diclofenac (inhibitors of cyclooxygenases-1 and -2), chlorpheniramine (histamine H1-receptor antagonist), dexamethasone (glucocorticoid receptor agonist), granisetron (serotonin receptor antagonist) and sodium cromoglycate (inhibitor of mast cell degranulation). All observed HFE bioactivities increased with dose. Conclusions The data provide evidence that the extract of H. floribunda stem bark has anti-anaphylactic and anti-oedematogenic effects; by interfering with signalling or metabolism of histamine, serotonin and prostaglandin E2 which mediate the progression of inflammation. The anti-inflammatory and antihistaminic activities of HFE may be relevant in the context of the management of COVID-19.
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12
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Meira de-Faria F, Casado-Bedmar M, Mårten Lindqvist C, Jones MP, Walter SA, Keita ÅV. Altered interaction between enteric glial cells and mast cells in the colon of women with irritable bowel syndrome. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2021; 33:e14130. [PMID: 33797165 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enteric glial cells (EGC) and mast cells (MC) are intimately associated with gastrointestinal physiological functions. We aimed to investigate EGC-MC interaction in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a gut-brain disorder linked to increased intestinal permeability, and MC. METHODS Parallel approaches were used to quantify EGC markers in colonic biopsies from healthy controls (HC) and patients with IBS. Data were correlated with MC, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and VIP receptors (VPAC1/VPAC2) expressions, and bacterial translocation through biopsies mounted in Ussing chambers. In addition, we investigated the effects of EGC mediators on colonic permeability and the pharmacological-induced responses of EGC and MC cell lines. KEY RESULTS Immunofluorescence of IBS colonic mucosa, as well as Western blotting and ELISA of IBS biopsy lysates, revealed increased glial fibrillary intermediate filament (GFAP) expression, indicating EGC activation. Mucosal GFAP correlated with increased MC and VPAC1+ MC numbers and decreased VIP+ MC, which seemed to control bacterial translocation in HC. In the contrary, EGC activation in IBS correlated with less MC and VPAC1+ MC numbers, and more VIP+ MC. In vitro, MC and EGC cell lines showed intracellular calcium responses to each other's mediators. Furthermore, EGC mediators prevented VIP-induced MC degranulation, while MC mediators induced a reactive EGC phenotype. In Ussing chambers, EGC mediators decreased paracellular passage through healthy colonic biopsies. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES Findings suggest the involvement of EGC and MC in the control of barrier function in the human colon and indicate a potential EGC-MC interaction that seems altered in IBS, with detrimental consequences to colonic permeability. Altogether, results suggest that imbalanced EGC-MC communication contributes to the pathophysiology of IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Meira de-Faria
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Maite Casado-Bedmar
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Carl Mårten Lindqvist
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | | | - Susanna A Walter
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Gastroenterology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Åsa V Keita
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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13
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Willows S, Kulka M. Harnessing the Power of Mast Cells in unconventional Immunotherapy Strategies and Vaccine Adjuvants. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122713. [PMID: 33352850 PMCID: PMC7766453 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells are long-lived, granular, myeloid-derived leukocytes that have significant protective and repair functions in tissues. Mast cells sense disruptions in the local microenvironment and are first responders to physical, chemical and biological insults. When activated, mast cells release growth factors, proteases, chemotactic proteins and cytokines thereby mobilizing and amplifying the reactions of the innate and adaptive immune system. Mast cells are therefore significant regulators of homeostatic functions and may be essential in microenvironmental changes during pathogen invasion and disease. During infection by helminths, bacteria and viruses, mast cells release antimicrobial factors to facilitate pathogen expulsion and eradication. Mast cell-derived proteases and growth factors protect tissues from insect/snake bites and exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Finally, mast cells release mediators that promote wound healing in the inflammatory, proliferative and remodelling stages. Since mast cells have such a powerful repertoire of functions, targeting mast cells may be an effective new strategy for immunotherapy of disease and design of novel vaccine adjuvants. In this review, we will examine how certain strategies that specifically target and activate mast cells can be used to treat and resolve infections, augment vaccines and heal wounds. Although these strategies may be protective in certain circumstances, mast cells activation may be deleterious if not carefully controlled and any therapeutic strategy using mast cell activators must be carefully explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Willows
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 11421 Saskatchewan Dr, Edmonton, AB T6G 2M9, Canada;
| | - Marianna Kulka
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 11421 Saskatchewan Dr, Edmonton, AB T6G 2M9, Canada;
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-780-641-1687
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14
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Dondalska A, Rönnberg E, Ma H, Pålsson SA, Magnusdottir E, Gao T, Adam L, Lerner EA, Nilsson G, Lagerström M, Spetz AL. Amelioration of Compound 48/80-Mediated Itch and LL-37-Induced Inflammation by a Single-Stranded Oligonucleotide. Front Immunol 2020; 11:559589. [PMID: 33101278 PMCID: PMC7554336 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.559589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous inflammatory skin disorders display a high prevalence of itch. The Mas-related G protein coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2) has been shown to modulate itch by inducing non-IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation and the release of endogenous inducers of pruritus. Various substances collectively known as basic secretagogues, which include inflammatory peptides and certain drugs, can trigger MRGPRX2 and thereby induce pseudo-allergic reactions characterized by histamine and protease release as well as inflammation. Here, we investigated the capacity of an immunomodulatory single-stranded oligonucleotide (ssON) to modulate IgE-independent mast cell degranulation and, more specifically, its ability to inhibit the basic secretagogues compound 48/80 (C48/80)-and LL-37 in vitro and in vivo. We examined the effect of ssON on MRGPRX2 activation in vitro by measuring degranulation in a human mast cell line (LAD2) and calcium influx in MRGPRX2-transfected HEK293 cells. To determine the effect of ssON on itch, we performed behavioral studies in established mouse models and collected skin biopsies for histological analysis. Additionally, with the use of a rosacea mouse model and RT-qPCR, we investigated the effect on ssON on LL-37-induced inflammation. We reveal that both mast cell degranulation and calcium influx in MRGPRX2 transfected HEK293 cells, induced by the antimicrobial peptide LL-37 and the basic secretagogue C48/80, are effectively inhibited by ssON in a dose-dependent manner. Further, ssON demonstrates a capability to inhibit LL-37 and C48/80 activation in vivo in two mouse models. We show that intradermal injection of ssON in mice is able to block itch induced via C48/80 in a dose-dependent manner. Histological staining revealed that ssON inhibits acute mast cell degranulation in murine skin treated with C48/80. Lastly, we show that ssON treatment ameliorates LL-37-induced inflammation in a rosacea mouse model. Since there is a need for new therapeutics targeting non-IgE-mediated activation of mast cells, ssON could be used as a prospective drug candidate to resolve itch and inflammation in certain dermatoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Dondalska
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elin Rönnberg
- Immunology and Allergy Division, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Haisha Ma
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sandra Axberg Pålsson
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Tianle Gao
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lucille Adam
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ethan A. Lerner
- Department of Dermatology, Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Gunnar Nilsson
- Immunology and Allergy Division, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Anna-Lena Spetz
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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Solinski HJ, Kriegbaum MC, Tseng PY, Earnest TW, Gu X, Barik A, Chesler AT, Hoon MA. Nppb Neurons Are Sensors of Mast Cell-Induced Itch. Cell Rep 2020; 26:3561-3573.e4. [PMID: 30917312 PMCID: PMC6490177 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.02.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Itch is an unpleasant skin sensation that can be triggered by exposure to many chemicals, including those released by mast cells. The natriuretic polypeptide b (Nppb)-expressing class of sensory neurons, when activated, elicits scratching responses in mice, but it is unclear which itch-inducing agents stimulate these cells and the receptors involved. Here, we identify receptors expressed by Nppb neurons and demonstrate the functional importance of these receptors as sensors of endogenous pruritogens released by mast cells. Our search for receptors in Nppb neurons reveals that they express leukotriene, serotonin, and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors. Targeted cell ablation, calcium imaging of primary sensory neurons, and conditional receptor knockout studies demonstrate that these receptors induce itch by the direct stimulation of Nppb neurons and neurotransmission through the canonical gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP)-dependent spinal cord itch pathway. Together, our results define a molecular and cellular pathway for mast cell-induced itch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Jürgen Solinski
- Molecular Genetics Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, 35A Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mette C Kriegbaum
- Molecular Genetics Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, 35A Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Pang-Yen Tseng
- Molecular Genetics Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, 35A Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Thomas W Earnest
- Molecular Genetics Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, 35A Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Xinglong Gu
- Molecular Genetics Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, 35A Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Arnab Barik
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, NIH, 35A Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alexander T Chesler
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, NIH, 35A Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mark A Hoon
- Molecular Genetics Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, 35A Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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16
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Rabelo K, Gonçalves AJDS, de Souza LJ, Sales AP, de Lima SMB, Trindade GF, Ciambarella BT, Amorim Tasmo NR, Diaz BL, de Carvalho JJ, Duarte MPDO, Paes MV. Zika Virus Infects Human Placental Mast Cells and the HMC-1 Cell Line, and Triggers Degranulation, Cytokine Release and Ultrastructural Changes. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040975. [PMID: 32316163 PMCID: PMC7227014 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emergent arthropod-borne virus whose outbreak in Brazil has brought major public health problems. Infected individuals have different symptoms, including rash and pruritus, which can be relieved by the administration of antiallergics. In the case of pregnant women, ZIKV can cross the placenta and infect the fetus leading to congenital defects. We have identified that mast cells in the placentae of patients who had Zika during pregnancy can be infected. This led to our investigation on the possible role of mast cells during a ZIKV infection, using the HMC-1 cell line. We analyzed their permissiveness to infection, release of mediators and ultrastructural changes. Flow cytometry detection of ZIKV-NS1 expression 24 h post infection in 45.3% of cells showed that HMC-1 cells are permissive to ZIKV infection. Following infection, β-hexosaminidase was measured in the supernatant of the cells with a notable release at 30 min. In addition, an increase in TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10 and VEGF levels were measured at 6 h and 24 h post infection. Lastly, different intracellular changes were observed in an ultrastructural analysis of infected cells. Our findings suggest that mast cells may represent an important source of mediators that can activate other immune cell types during a ZIKV infection, which has the potential to be a major contributor in the spread of the virus in cases of vertical transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kíssila Rabelo
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura e Biologia Tecidual, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil; (B.T.C.); (J.J.d.C.)
- Correspondence: (K.R.); (M.P.d.O.D.); (M.V.P); Tel.: +55-21-25621038 (M.V.P.)
| | | | - Luiz José de Souza
- Faculdade de Medicina de Campos, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro 28035-581, Brazil; (L.J.d.S.); (A.P.S.)
| | - Anna Paula Sales
- Faculdade de Medicina de Campos, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro 28035-581, Brazil; (L.J.d.S.); (A.P.S.)
| | | | - Gisela Freitas Trindade
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Virológica, Biomanguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (S.M.B.d.L.); (G.F.T.)
| | - Bianca Torres Ciambarella
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura e Biologia Tecidual, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil; (B.T.C.); (J.J.d.C.)
| | - Natália Recardo Amorim Tasmo
- Laboratório de Inflamação, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-170, Brazil; (N.R.A.T.); (B.L.D.)
| | - Bruno Lourenço Diaz
- Laboratório de Inflamação, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-170, Brazil; (N.R.A.T.); (B.L.D.)
| | - Jorge José de Carvalho
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura e Biologia Tecidual, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil; (B.T.C.); (J.J.d.C.)
| | - Márcia Pereira de Oliveira Duarte
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil;
- Correspondence: (K.R.); (M.P.d.O.D.); (M.V.P); Tel.: +55-21-25621038 (M.V.P.)
| | - Marciano Viana Paes
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil;
- Correspondence: (K.R.); (M.P.d.O.D.); (M.V.P); Tel.: +55-21-25621038 (M.V.P.)
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17
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Nian JB, Zeng M, Zheng J, Zeng LY, Fu Z, Huang QJ, Wei X. Epithelial cells expressed IL-33 to promote degranulation of mast cells through inhibition on ST2/PI3K/mTOR-mediated autophagy in allergic rhinitis. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:1132-1142. [PMID: 32298206 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1749402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasal epithelial cells are the first barrier against allergen infiltration in allergic rhinitis (AR), and the relationship between nasal epithelial cells and mast cell-mediated hypersensitivity remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the possible association between allergen-challenged nasal epithelial cells (AR-HNEpC) and mast cell degranulation in AR. Our data revealed that calcium influx and degranulation were increased in AR-HNEpC-co-cultured mast cells. Expression of IL-33, a factor that binds to ST2 receptors on mast cells and regulates their degranulation, was elevated in AR-HNEpC. Blocking IL-33/ST2 pathway activated autophagy and inhibited degranulation and inflammatory factor release in mast cells. Furthermore, PI3K/mTOR was increased in IL-33-treated mast cells. Inhibition on PI3K/mTOR pathway enhanced autophagy and inhibited degranulation. Analysis using an in vivo AR model supported the above findings. In conclusion, IL-33 from epithelial cells promotes degranulation of mast cells in AR through inhibition on ST2/PI3K/mTOR-mediated autophagy, which provides a potential therapeutic target for the disease.Abbreviations: AR: allergic rhinitis; IL: interleukin; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-alpha; INF-γ: interferon-gamma; HNEpC: human nasal epithelial cell line; ATCC: American Type Culture Collection; C48/80: compound 48/80; 3-MA: 3-methyladenine; qPCR: quantitative PCR; AR-HNEpC: dust mite allergen-treated nasal epithelial cells; IgE: immunoglobulin E; Atg7: autophagy-related gene 7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Bin Nian
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan Province, P.R. China
| | - Min Zeng
- Medical Center, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan Province, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zheng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan Province, P.R. China
| | - Lian-Ya Zeng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan Province, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Fu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan Province, P.R. China
| | - Qiu-Ju Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan Province, P.R. China
| | - Xin Wei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan Province, P.R. China
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Kumar M, Singh K, Duraisamy K, Allam AA, Ajarem J, Kwok Chong CHOW B. Protective Effect of Genistein against Compound 48/80 Induced Anaphylactoid Shock via Inhibiting MAS Related G Protein-Coupled Receptor X2 (MRGPRX2). Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25051028. [PMID: 32106575 PMCID: PMC7179155 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaphylactoid shock is a fatal hypersensitivity response caused by non-IgE mediated mast cell activation. These reactions are mediated by a family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) known as Mas related GPCRX2 (MRGPRX2). Several US FDA approved drugs which are used in day to day life have been reported to cause anaphylactoid shock. Surprisingly, no therapeutic drugs are available which can directly target MRGPRX2 for treatment of anaphylactoid shock. Genistein is a non-steroidal polyphenol known for its diverse physiological and pharmacological activities. In recent studies, Genistein has been reported for its anti-inflammatory activity on mast cells. However, the effects and mechanistic pathways of Genistein on anaphylactoid reaction remain unknown. In the present study, we designed a battery of in-vitro, in-silico and in-vivo experiments to evaluate the anti-anaphylactoid activity of Genistein in order to understand the possible molecular mechanisms of its action. The in-vitro results demonstrated the inhibitory activity of Genistein on MRGPRX2 activation. Further, a mouse model of anaphylactoid shock was used to evaluate the inhibitory activity of Genistein on blood vessel leakage and hind paw edema. Taken together, our findings have demonstrated a therapeutic potential of Genistein as a lead compound in the treatment of anaphylactoid shock via MRGPRX2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Kumar
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China; (M.K.); (K.S.); (K.D.)
| | - Kailash Singh
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China; (M.K.); (K.S.); (K.D.)
| | - Karthi Duraisamy
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China; (M.K.); (K.S.); (K.D.)
| | - Ahmed A. Allam
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt;
| | - Jamaan Ajarem
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Billy Kwok Chong CHOW
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China; (M.K.); (K.S.); (K.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +852-2299-0850; Fax: +852-2559-9114
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19
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Jones BM, Tykocki NR. New direct evidence that histamine augments bladder sensory outflow during filling is nothing to sneeze at. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020; 318:F455-F456. [DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00581.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- B. Malique Jones
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Nathan R. Tykocki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
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Aye A, Song YJ, Jeon YD, Jin JS. Xanthone suppresses allergic contact dermatitis in vitro and in vivo. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 78:106061. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.106061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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21
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Ganchingco JRC, Fukuyama T, Yoder JA, Bäumer W. Calcium imaging of primary canine sensory neurons: Small-diameter neurons responsive to pruritogens and algogens. Brain Behav 2019; 9:e01428. [PMID: 31571393 PMCID: PMC6908857 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rodent primary sensory neurons are commonly used for studying itch and pain neurophysiology, but translation from rodents to larger mammals and humans is not direct and requires further validation to make correlations. METHODS This study developed a primary canine sensory neuron culture from dorsal root ganglia (DRG) excised from cadaver dogs. Additionally, the canine DRG cell cultures developed were used for single-cell ratiometric calcium imaging, with the activation of neurons to the following pruritogenic and algogenic substances: histamine, chloroquine, canine protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) activating peptide (SLIGKT), compound 48/80, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor agonist (5-HT), bovine adrenal medulla peptide (BAM8-22), substance P, allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), and capsaicin. RESULTS This study demonstrates a simple dissection and rapid processing of DRG collected from canine cadavers used to create viable primary sensory neuron cultures to measure responses to pruritogens and algogens. CONCLUSION Ratiometric calcium imaging demonstrated that small-diameter canine sensory neurons can be activated by multiple stimuli, and a single neuron can react to both a pruritogenic stimulation and an algogenic stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy Rachel C Ganchingco
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Tomoki Fukuyama
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Azabu University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Jeffrey A Yoder
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Wolfgang Bäumer
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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22
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Tachibana T, Hirai M, Tomita A, Ishimaru Y, Khan MSI, Makino R, Cline MA. Physiological responses to central and peripheral injections of compound 48/80 and histamine in chicks. Physiol Behav 2019; 211:112681. [PMID: 31525390 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells are a type of immune cell widely distributed in the body of vertebrates. Mast cells have many granules that contain several bioactive molecules such as histamine, and these molecules are released through degranulation when the mast cell receives certain stimuli. Because the number of mast cells increases during infection in chickens (Gallus gallus), the activity of mast cells might be related to non-specific symptoms such as anorexia under an infectious condition. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate whether intraperitoneal (IP) and intracerebroventricular (ICV) injections of compound 48/80, which induces degranulation of mast cells, affects feeding, voluntary activity, cloacal temperature, and the concentrations of plasma corticosterone (CORT) and glucose in chicks. The effect of histamine, which is found in mast cell granules, on these parameters was also investigated. IP injection of compound 48/80 significantly decreased food intake, voluntary activity, and cloacal temperature, and increased plasma CORT concentration in the chicks. While ICV injection of compound 48/80 also decreased food intake, it increased cloacal temperature and plasma glucose concentration. Both IP and ICV injections of histamine significantly decreased food intake, cloacal temperature, and plasma CORT concentration. However, only IP injection of histamine significantly decreased voluntary activity and increased plasma glucose concentration. The results suggest that degranulation of mast cells is related to non-specific symptoms in chicks, although the mechanism seems to be different between peripheral and central tissues. In addition, the effect of peripherally-injected compound 48/80 may be partly mediated by histamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Tachibana
- Department of Agrobiological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan.
| | - Misaki Hirai
- Department of Agrobiological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan
| | - Asumi Tomita
- Department of Agrobiological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan
| | - Yoko Ishimaru
- Department of Agrobiological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan
| | - Md Sakirul Islam Khan
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, 791-0295 Ehime, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Makino
- Department of Agrobiological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan
| | - Mark A Cline
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 24061, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States
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23
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Mota FVB, de Araújo Neta MS, de Souza Franco E, Bastos IVGA, da Araújo LCC, da Silva SC, de Oliveira TB, Souza EK, de Almeida VM, Ximenes RM, de Sousa Maia MB, Junior FJBM, Marchand P, de Faria AR, da Silva TG. Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity and molecular docking study of new aza-bicyclic isoxazoline acylhydrazone derivatives. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:1916-1925. [PMID: 32133104 DOI: 10.1039/c9md00276f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of two new isoxazoline-acylhydrazone derivatives: N'-(4-methoxybenzylidene)-6-(4-nitro-benzoyl)-3a,5,6,6a-tetrahydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,2-d]isoxazole-3-carbohydrazide (R-123) and N'-(4-chlorobenzylidene)-6-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-3a,5,6,6a-tetrahydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,2-d]isoxazole-3-carbohydrazide (R-99). An air pouch induced by carrageenan was used for screening the best dose of R-99 and R-123. Using this mouse model, leukocyte migration and cytokine levels (TNF-α and IL-1β) were determined. Paw edema induced by several phlogistic agents and vascular permeability induced by acetic acid were employed to investigate the mechanism of action of the isoxazoline-acylhydrazone derivatives. A docking study was performed with the human histamine H1 receptor to investigate potential antihistaminic activity. Treatment with the compounds reduced leukocyte migration in the air pouch at all doses tested. TNF-α and IL-1β levels were similarly reduced by the two compounds. Vasoactive amines were inhibited in models of paw edema induced by several agents and vascular permeability induced by acetic acid. The docking study suggests that R-99 and R-123 may be inhibitors of the histamine H1 receptor. In conclusion, the results indicate that R-99 and R-123 exhibit promising anti-inflammatory activity related to their ability to inhibit TNF-α, IL-1β, and vasoactive amine production, as well as reduce leukocyte migration and inhibit mast cell degranulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Virginia Barreto Mota
- Departamento de Antibióticos , Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE) , Rua Prof. Arthur Sá, s/n , CEP 50560-901 , Recife-PE , Brazil . ;
| | - Marlene Saraiva de Araújo Neta
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas , Universidade Federal de Pernambuco-UFPE , Rua Prof. Arthur de Sá, s/n , CEP 50470-521 , Recife-PE , Brazil
| | - Eryvelton de Souza Franco
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia , Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE) , Rua Prof. Arthur Sá, 1235, Cidade Universitária , Recife , Pernambuco , Brazil
| | - Isla Vanessa Gomes Alves Bastos
- Departamento de Antibióticos , Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE) , Rua Prof. Arthur Sá, s/n , CEP 50560-901 , Recife-PE , Brazil . ;
| | - Larissa Cardoso Correia da Araújo
- Departamento de Antibióticos , Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE) , Rua Prof. Arthur Sá, s/n , CEP 50560-901 , Recife-PE , Brazil . ;
| | - Sandra Cabral da Silva
- Departamento de Antibióticos , Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE) , Rua Prof. Arthur Sá, s/n , CEP 50560-901 , Recife-PE , Brazil . ;
| | - Tatiane Bezerra de Oliveira
- Departamento de Antibióticos , Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE) , Rua Prof. Arthur Sá, s/n , CEP 50560-901 , Recife-PE , Brazil . ;
| | - Eduarda Karynne Souza
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas , Universidade Federal de Pernambuco-UFPE , Rua Prof. Arthur de Sá, s/n , CEP 50470-521 , Recife-PE , Brazil
| | - Valderes Moraes de Almeida
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas , Universidade Federal de Pernambuco-UFPE , Rua Prof. Arthur de Sá, s/n , CEP 50470-521 , Recife-PE , Brazil
| | - Rafael Matos Ximenes
- Departamento de Antibióticos , Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE) , Rua Prof. Arthur Sá, s/n , CEP 50560-901 , Recife-PE , Brazil . ;
| | - Maria Bernadete de Sousa Maia
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia , Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE) , Rua Prof. Arthur Sá, 1235, Cidade Universitária , Recife , Pernambuco , Brazil
| | | | - Pascal Marchand
- Université de Nantes , Cibles et Médicaments des Infections et du Cancer, IICiMed, EA 1155 , F-44000 Nantes , France
| | - Antônio Rodolfo de Faria
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas , Universidade Federal de Pernambuco-UFPE , Rua Prof. Arthur de Sá, s/n , CEP 50470-521 , Recife-PE , Brazil
| | - Teresinha Gonçalves da Silva
- Departamento de Antibióticos , Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE) , Rua Prof. Arthur Sá, s/n , CEP 50560-901 , Recife-PE , Brazil . ;
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24
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Flores JA, Ramírez-Ponce MP, Montes MÁ, Balseiro-Gómez S, Acosta J, Álvarez de Toledo G, Alés E. Proteoglycans involved in bidirectional communication between mast cells and hippocampal neurons. J Neuroinflammation 2019; 16:107. [PMID: 31109355 PMCID: PMC6528191 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-019-1504-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mast cells (MCs) in the brain can respond to environmental cues and relay signals to neurons that may directly influence neuronal electrical activity, calcium signaling, and neurotransmission. MCs also express receptors for neurotransmitters and consequently can be activated by them. Here, we developed a coculture model of peritoneal MCs, incubated together with dissociated hippocampal neurons for the study of cellular mechanisms involved in the mast cell-neuron interactions. METHODS Calcium imaging was used to simultaneously record changes in intracellular calcium [Ca2+]i in neurons and MCs. To provide insight into the contribution of MCs on neurotransmitter release in rat hippocampal neurons, we used analysis of FM dye release, evoked by a cocktail of mediators from MCs stimulated by heat. RESULTS Bidirectional communication is set up between MCs and hippocampal neurons. Neuronal depolarization caused intracellular calcium [Ca2+]i oscillations in MCs that produced a quick response in neurons. Furthermore, activation of MCs with antigen or the secretagogue compound 48/80 also resulted in a neuronal [Ca2+]i response. Moreover, local application onto neurons of the MC mediator cocktail elicited Ca2+ transients and a synaptic release associated with FM dye destaining. Neuronal response was partially blocked by D-APV, a N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist, and was inhibited when the cocktail was pre-digested with chondroitinase ABC, which induces enzymatic removal of proteoglycans of chondroitin sulfate (CS). CONCLUSIONS MC-hippocampal neuron interaction affects neuronal [Ca2+]i and exocytosis signaling through a NMDAR-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Antonio Flores
- Dpto. de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Sánchez Pizjuán 4, 41009 Sevilla, Spain
| | - María Pilar Ramírez-Ponce
- Dpto. de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Sánchez Pizjuán 4, 41009 Sevilla, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Montes
- Dpto. de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Sánchez Pizjuán 4, 41009 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Santiago Balseiro-Gómez
- Dpto. de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Sánchez Pizjuán 4, 41009 Sevilla, Spain
- Present Address: Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, 295 Congress Avenue, New Haven, CT 06510 USA
| | - Jorge Acosta
- Dpto. de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Sánchez Pizjuán 4, 41009 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Guillermo Álvarez de Toledo
- Dpto. de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Sánchez Pizjuán 4, 41009 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Eva Alés
- Dpto. de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Sánchez Pizjuán 4, 41009 Sevilla, Spain
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25
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Arac A, Grimbaldeston MA, Galli SJ, Bliss TM, Steinberg GK. Meningeal Mast Cells as Key Effectors of Stroke Pathology. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:126. [PMID: 31001088 PMCID: PMC6457367 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is the leading cause of adult disability in the United States. Because post-stroke inflammation is a critical determinant of damage and recovery after stroke, understanding the interplay between the immune system and the brain after stroke holds much promise for therapeutic intervention. An understudied, but important aspect of this interplay is the role of meninges that surround the brain. All blood vessels travel through the meningeal space before entering the brain parenchyma, making the meninges ideally located to act as an immune gatekeeper for the underlying parenchyma. Emerging evidence suggests that the actions of immune cells resident in the meninges are essential for executing this gatekeeper function. Mast cells (MCs), best known as proinflammatory effector cells, are one of the long-term resident immune cells in the meninges. Here, we discuss recent findings in the literature regarding the role of MCs located in the meningeal space and stroke pathology. We review the latest advances in mouse models to investigate the roles of MCs and MC-derived products in vivo, and the importance of using these mouse models. We examine the concept of the meninges playing a critical role in brain and immune interactions, reevaluate the perspectives on the key effectors of stroke pathology, and discuss the opportunities and challenges for therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Arac
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | | | - Stephen J. Galli
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Tonya M. Bliss
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- Stanford Stroke Center, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Gary K. Steinberg
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- Stanford Stroke Center, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
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26
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Tikoo S, Barki N, Jain R, Zulkhernain NS, Buhner S, Schemann M, Weninger W. Imaging of mast cells. Immunol Rev 2019; 282:58-72. [PMID: 29431206 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mast cells are a part of the innate immune system implicated in allergic reactions and the regulation of host-pathogen interactions. The distribution, morphology and biochemical composition of mast cells has been studied in detail in vitro and on tissue sections both at the light microscopic and ultrastructural level. More recently, the development of fluorescent reporter strains and intravital imaging modalities has enabled first glimpses of the real-time behavior of mast cells in situ. In this review, we describe commonly used imaging approaches to study mast cells in cell culture as well as within normal and diseased tissues. We further describe the interrogation of mast cell function via imaging by providing a detailed description of mast cell-nerve plexus interactions in the intestinal tract. Together, visualizing mast cells has expanded our view of these cells in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Tikoo
- The Centenary Institute, Newtown, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Dermatology, Sydney Medical School, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Natasja Barki
- LS Human Biology, Technical University München, München, Germany
| | - Rohit Jain
- The Centenary Institute, Newtown, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Dermatology, Sydney Medical School, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Sabine Buhner
- LS Human Biology, Technical University München, München, Germany
| | - Michael Schemann
- LS Human Biology, Technical University München, München, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Weninger
- The Centenary Institute, Newtown, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Dermatology, Sydney Medical School, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Dermatology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
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27
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Tachibana T, Ueoka W, Khan MSI, Makino R, Cline MA. Compound 48/80 reduces the crop-emptying rate, likely through a histamine-associated pathway in chicks. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2019; 66:57-63. [PMID: 30472035 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Infectious conditions are associated with reduced food passage through the digestive tract in both mammals and chicks; however, the precise mechanism mediating this response in chicks remains unclear. The purpose of the present study was to determine if mast cells, a blood cell type which plays an important role in the immune system, might affect food passage through the digestive tract in chicks. Specifically, we performed intraperitoneal (IP) injections of compound 48/80, an inducer of mast cell degranulation, and measured crop emptying. The IP injection of compound 48/80 significantly reduced the crop-emptying rate, but it did not affect the proventriculus to small intestine transit rate or the number of defecations. We also found that IP-injected histamine, which is secreted by mast cells, also reduced the crop-emptying rate. In addition, IP injection of 2-pyridylethylamine (histamine H1 receptor agonist), but not dimaprit, (R)-(-)-α-methylhistamine, and VUF8430 (histamine H2, H3, and H4 receptor agonists, respectively), reduced the crop-emptying rate, implying that histamine reduces the crop emptying rate via the histamine H1 receptor. Finally, we found that IP injection of compound 48/80 reduced mRNA expression of histidine decarboxylase, a rate-limiting enzyme for histamine synthesis, in the esophagus and proventriculus at 1 h and the proventriculus and duodenum at 3 h after the injection. In sum, the present study suggests that the degranulation of mast cells causes a reduction in the crop-emptying rate, possibly via the histamine pathway in chicks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Tachibana
- Department of Agrobiological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan.
| | - Wataru Ueoka
- Department of Agrobiological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan
| | - Md Sakirul Islam Khan
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Makino
- Department of Agrobiological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan
| | - Mark A Cline
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
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28
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Ramachandran R, Wang Z, Saavedra C, DiNardo A, Corr M, Powell SB, Yaksh TL. Role of Toll-like receptor 4 signaling in mast cell-mediated migraine pain pathway. Mol Pain 2019; 15:1744806919867842. [PMID: 31342858 PMCID: PMC6688145 DOI: 10.1177/1744806919867842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Degranulation of meningeal mast cells leading to the sensitization of trigeminal vascular afferent processing is believed to be one of the mechanisms underlying the migraine pain pathway. Recent work suggests that Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) may be involved in signaling states of central sensitization. Using a murine model of light aversion produced by compound 48/80 (2 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) mast cell degranulation, employed as a surrogate marker for photophobia observed in migraineurs, we examined the role of TLR4 in migraine-like behavior and neuronal activation. Using a two-chambered light/dark box, we found that compound 48/80 administration in male and female C57Bl/6 mice produced light aversion lasting up to 2 h, and that pre-treatment with sumatriptan (1 mg/kg, i.p.) reliably prevented this effect. Genetic deletion and pharmacological blockade of TLR4 with TAK-242 (3 mg/kg, i.p.) reversed the light aversive effects of compound 48/80 in males but not in females. Assessing the downstream signaling pathway in mutant mice, we found that the TLR4-mediated, light aversion was dependent upon myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 but not Toll-interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β signaling. In separate groups, male mice sacrificed at 10 min following compound 48/80 revealed a significant increase in the incidence of evoked p-extracellular signal–regulated kinases (+) neurons in the nucleus caudalis of wild type but not Tlr4−/− mice or in mice pre-treated with sumatriptan. This study thus provides the first evidence for involvement of TLR4 signaling through MyD88 in initiating and maintaining migraine-like behavior and nucleus caudalis neuronal activation in the mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshni Ramachandran
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California
San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Zhenping Wang
- Department of Dermatology, University of California
San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Christian Saavedra
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California
San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Anna DiNardo
- Department of Dermatology, University of California
San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Maripat Corr
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology,
University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Susan B Powell
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San
Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tony L Yaksh
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California
San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
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29
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Kimizuka Y, Katagiri W, Locascio JJ, Shigeta A, Sasaki Y, Shibata M, Morse K, Sîrbulescu RF, Miyatake M, Reeves P, Suematsu M, Gelfand J, Brauns T, Poznansky MC, Tsukada K, Kashiwagi S. Brief Exposure of Skin to Near-Infrared Laser Modulates Mast Cell Function and Augments the Immune Response. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2018; 201:3587-3603. [PMID: 30420435 PMCID: PMC6289684 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The treatment of skin with a low-power continuous-wave (CW) near-infrared (NIR) laser prior to vaccination is an emerging strategy to augment the immune response to intradermal vaccine, potentially substituting for chemical adjuvant, which has been linked to adverse effects of vaccines. This approach proved to be low cost, simple, small, and readily translatable compared with the previously explored pulsed-wave medical lasers. However, little is known on the mode of laser-tissue interaction eliciting the adjuvant effect. In this study, we sought to identify the pathways leading to the immunological events by examining the alteration of responses resulting from genetic ablation of innate subsets including mast cells and specific dendritic cell populations in an established model of intradermal vaccination and analyzing functional changes of skin microcirculation upon the CW NIR laser treatment in mice. We found that a CW NIR laser transiently stimulates mast cells via generation of reactive oxygen species, establishes an immunostimulatory milieu in the exposed tissue, and provides migration cues for dermal CD103+ dendritic cells without inducing prolonged inflammation, ultimately augmenting the adaptive immune response. These results indicate that use of an NIR laser with distinct wavelength and power is a safe and effective tool to reproducibly modulate innate programs in skin. These mechanistic findings would accelerate the clinical translation of this technology and warrant further explorations into the broader application of NIR lasers to the treatment of immune-related skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Kimizuka
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129
| | - Wataru Katagiri
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129
- Graduate School of Fundamental Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology, 14152 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Joseph J Locascio
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Ayako Shigeta
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129
| | - Yuri Sasaki
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129
| | - Mai Shibata
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129
| | - Kaitlyn Morse
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129
| | - Ruxandra F Sîrbulescu
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129
| | - Mizuki Miyatake
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan; and
| | - Patrick Reeves
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129
| | - Makoto Suematsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0016, Japan
| | - Jeffrey Gelfand
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129
| | - Timothy Brauns
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129
| | - Mark C Poznansky
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129
| | - Kosuke Tsukada
- Graduate School of Fundamental Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan; and
| | - Satoshi Kashiwagi
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129;
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129
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Jain S, Panyutin A, Liu N, Xiao C, Piñol RA, Pundir P, Girardet C, Butler AA, Dong X, Gavrilova O, Reitman ML. Melanotan II causes hypothermia in mice by activation of mast cells and stimulation of histamine 1 receptors. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2018; 315:E357-E366. [PMID: 29812984 PMCID: PMC6171009 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00024.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Intraperitoneal administration of the melanocortin agonist melanotan II (MTII) to mice causes a profound, transient hypometabolism/hypothermia. It is preserved in mice lacking any one of melanocortin receptors 1, 3, 4, or 5, suggesting a mechanism independent of the canonical melanocortin receptors. Here we show that MTII-induced hypothermia was abolished in KitW-sh/W-sh mice, which lack mast cells, demonstrating that mast cells are required. MRGPRB2 is a receptor that detects many cationic molecules and activates mast cells in an antigen-independent manner. In vitro, MTII stimulated mast cells by both MRGPRB2-dependent and -independent mechanisms, and MTII-induced hypothermia was intact in MRGPRB2-null mice. Confirming that MTII activated mast cells, MTII treatment increased plasma histamine levels in both wild-type and MRGPRB2-null, but not in KitW-sh/W-sh, mice. The released histamine produced hypothermia via histamine H1 receptors because either a selective antagonist, pyrilamine, or ablation of H1 receptors greatly diminished the hypothermia. Other drugs, including compound 48/80, a commonly used mast cell activator, also produced hypothermia by both mast cell-dependent and -independent mechanisms. These results suggest that mast cell activation should be considered when investigating the mechanism of drug-induced hypothermia in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Jain
- Mouse Metabolism Core, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH) , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Anna Panyutin
- Mouse Metabolism Core, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH) , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Naili Liu
- Mouse Metabolism Core, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH) , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Cuiying Xiao
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ramón A Piñol
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Priyanka Pundir
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Clémence Girardet
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis School of Medicine , St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Andrew A Butler
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis School of Medicine , St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Xinzhong Dong
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Oksana Gavrilova
- Mouse Metabolism Core, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH) , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Marc L Reitman
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
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Schubert N, Lisenko K, Auerbach C, Weitzmann A, Ghouse SM, Muhandes L, Haase C, Häring T, Schulze L, Voehringer D, Gunzer F, Müller W, Feyerabend TB, Rodewald HR, Dudeck A, Roers A. Unimpaired Responses to Vaccination With Protein Antigen Plus Adjuvant in Mice With Kit-Independent Mast Cell Deficiency. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1870. [PMID: 30210490 PMCID: PMC6123530 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate inflammatory responses are crucial for induction and regulation of T cell and antibody responses. Mast cell (MC)-deficient Kit mutant mice showed impaired adaptive immunity, suggesting that MCs provide essential adjuvant activities, and pharmacological MC activation was proposed as a new adjuvant principle. However, the Kit mutations result in complex alterations of the immune system in addition to MC deficiency. We revisited the role of MCs in vaccination responses using Mcpt5-Cre R26DTA/DTA and Cpa3Cre/+ mice that lack connective tissue MCs or all MCs, respectively, but feature an otherwise normal immune system. These animals showed no impairment of T and B cell responses to intradermal vaccination with protein antigen plus complete Freund’s adjuvant. Moreover, we demonstrate that the adjuvant effects of the MC secretagogue c48/80 in intradermal or mucosal immunization are independent of the presence of MCs. We hence find no evidence for a regulation by MCs of adaptive immune responses to protein antigens. The finding that immunological MC functions differ from those suggested by experiments in Kit mutants, emphasizes the importance of rigorous tests in Kit-independent MC-deficiency models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadja Schubert
- Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Institute for Immunology, University of Technology Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katharina Lisenko
- Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Institute for Immunology, University of Technology Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Auerbach
- Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Technology Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anke Weitzmann
- Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Institute for Immunology, University of Technology Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Shanawaz Mohammed Ghouse
- Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Institute for Immunology, University of Technology Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Lina Muhandes
- Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Institute for Immunology, University of Technology Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christa Haase
- Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Institute for Immunology, University of Technology Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tobias Häring
- Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Institute for Immunology, University of Technology Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Livia Schulze
- Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Institute for Immunology, University of Technology Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - David Voehringer
- Department of Infection Biology, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Florian Gunzer
- Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Technology Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Werner Müller
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Hans-Reimer Rodewald
- Division of Cellular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anne Dudeck
- Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Institute for Immunology, University of Technology Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Institute for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Axel Roers
- Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Institute for Immunology, University of Technology Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Doherty TA, White AA. Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome and the potential role of mast cell activation. Auton Neurosci 2018; 215:83-88. [PMID: 30033040 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Though a sizeable amount of data connects mast cell activity to the neurologic system, less is known about the true clinical implications of this relationship. Even less is understood about treatment strategies in those with both allergic and neurologic complaints. This is particularly true in postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS), a common type of dysautonomia, where patients are burdened by symptoms of orthostatic cerebral hypoperfusion and several other comorbidities that are likely influenced by autonomic tone. Some patients describe characteristic allergic symptoms, in the absence of typical IgE mediated triggers, and also improvement with traditional mast cell directed medications. Further work is necessary to determine whether these anecdotal observations are valid. The answer to this question will likely be addressed as the mechanisms of POTS are better characterized, which may include a phenotype with distinct mast cell involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor A Doherty
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of California, San Diego, United States
| | - Andrew A White
- Division of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, Scripps Clinic, 3811 Valley Centre Drive, S99, San Diego, CA 92130, United States.
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A Study and Review of Effects of Botulinum Toxins on Mast Cell Dependent and Independent Pruritus. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:toxins10040134. [PMID: 29570628 PMCID: PMC5923300 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10040134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Pruriceptive itch originates following activation of peripheral sensory nerve terminals when pruritogens come in contact with the skin. The ability of botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) to attenuate transmitter release from afferent terminals provides a rationale for studying its effect on pruritus. This study investigated the effects of BoNT/A1 and BoNT/B1 on mast cell dependent (Compound 48/80:48/80) and independent (Chloroquine:CQ) scratching. C57Bl/6 male mice received intradermal injection of 1.5 U of BoNT/A1, BoNT/B1 or saline 2, 7, 14 and 21 days prior to ipsilateral 48/80 or CQ at the nape of the neck. Ipsilateral hind paw scratching was determined using an automated recording device. The effect of BoNTs on 48/80 mediated mast cell degranulation was analyzed in human and murine mast cells and the presence of SNAREs was determined using qPCR, immunostaining and Western blot. Pre-treatment with BoNT/A1 and BoNT/B1 reduced 48/80 and CQ induced scratching behavior starting on day 2 with reversal by day 21. Both serotypes inhibited 48/80 induced mast cell degranulation. qPCR and immunostaining detected SNAP-25 mRNA and protein, respectively, in mast cells, however, Western blots did not. This study demonstrates the long-lasting anti-pruritic effects of two BoNT serotypes, in a murine pruritus model using two different mechanistically driven pruritogens. These data also indicate that BoNTs may have a direct effect upon mast cell degranulation.
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Song EH, Chung KS, Kang YM, Lee JH, Lee M, An HJ. Eupatilin suppresses the allergic inflammatory response in vitro and in vivo. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 42:1-8. [PMID: 29655675 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Eupatilin, a pharmacologically active ingredient found in Artemisia asiatica, has been reported to have anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities. However, molecular mechanisms underlying its anti-allergic properties are not yet clear. In this study, we investigated the effects of eupatilin on allergic inflammation in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate plus calcium ionophore A23187 (PMACI)-stimulated human mast cells and a compound 48/80-induced anaphylactic shock model. METHODS Cytokine assays, histamine assays, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis, western blot analysis and compound 48/80-induced anaphylactic shock model were used in this study. RESULTS Eupatilin significantly suppresses the expression and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-6 in vitro and in vivo. In addition, eupatilin inhibits nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation by regulating the phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα via the Akt/IKK(α/β) pathway. Eupatilin treatment also attenuates the phosphorylation of p38, ERK, and JNK MAPKs. Furthermore, eupatilin blocked anaphylactic shock and decreased the release of histamine. CONCLUSIONS Anti-allergic inflammation may involve the expression and production of regulating pro-inflammatory cytokines via Akt/IKK(α/β) and MAPK activation of NF-κB. On the basis of these data, eupatilin is a potential candidate for the treatment of allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Hye Song
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, 83 Sangjidae-gil, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 220-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sook Chung
- Catholic Precision Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Mi Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, 83 Sangjidae-gil, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 220-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hyun Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul 136-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Lee
- Catholic Precision Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyo-Jin An
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, 83 Sangjidae-gil, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 220-702, Republic of Korea.
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35
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Buhner S, Barki N, Greiter W, Giesbertz P, Demir IE, Ceyhan GO, Zeller F, Daniel H, Schemann M. Calcium Imaging of Nerve-Mast Cell Signaling in the Human Intestine. Front Physiol 2017; 8:971. [PMID: 29238306 PMCID: PMC5712982 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: It is suggested that an altered microenvironment in the gut wall alters communication along a mast cell nerve axis. We aimed to record for the first time signaling between mast cells and neurons in intact human submucous preparations. Methods: We used the Ca2+ sensitive dye Fluo-4 AM to simultaneously image changes in intracellular calcium [Ca+2]i (%ΔF/F) in neurons and mast cells. Data are presented as median with interquartile ranges (25/75%). Results: We recorded nerve responses in 29 samples upon selective activation of 223 mast cells by IgE receptor cross linking with the antibody mAb22E7. Mast cells responded to mAb22E7 with a median [Ca+2]i increase of 20% (11/39) peaking 90 s (64/144) after the application. Only very few neurons responded and the median percentage of responding neuronal area was 0% (0/5.9). Mast cell activation remained in the presence of the fast sodium channel blocker tetrodotoxin. Specific neuronal activation by transmural electrical field stimulation (EFS) in 34 samples evoked instantaneously [Ca+2]i signals in submucous neurons. This was followed by a [Ca+2]i peak response of 8%ΔF/F (4/15) in 33% of 168 mast cells in the field of view. The mast cell response was abolished by the nerve blocker tetrododoxin, reduced by the Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide receptor 1 antagonist BIBN-4096 and the Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide receptor antagonist PG97-269, but not by blockade of the neurokinin receptors 1-3. Conclusion: The findings revealed bidirectional signaling between mast cells and submucous neurons in human gut. In our macroscopically normal preparations a nerve to mast cell signaling was very prominent whereas a mast cell to nerve signaling was rather rare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Buhner
- Human Biology, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Natasja Barki
- Human Biology, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Greiter
- Human Biology, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Pieter Giesbertz
- Molecular Nutrition Unit, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Ihsan E. Demir
- Department of General Surgery, University Hospital Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Güralp O. Ceyhan
- Department of General Surgery, University Hospital Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Hannelore Daniel
- Molecular Nutrition Unit, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Michael Schemann
- Human Biology, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
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36
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Kissel CL, Kovács KJ, Larson AA. Evidence for the modulation of nociception in mice by central mast cells. Eur J Pain 2017; 21:1743-1755. [PMID: 28722336 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperalgesia that develops following nerve ligation corresponds temporally and in magnitude with the number of thalamic mast cells located contralateral to the ligature. We tested the possibility that mast cells modulate nociception centrally, similar to their role in the periphery. METHODS We examined the central effect of two hyperalgesic compounds that induce mast cell degranulation and of stabilized mast cells using cromolyn. RESULTS Thermal hyperalgesia (tail flick) induced by nerve growth factor (NGF, a neurotrophic compound) and mechanical hyperalgesia (von Frey) induced by dynorphin A (1-17) (opioid compound) each correlated with the per cent of thalamic mast cells that were degranulated. Degranulation of these mast cells by the central injection of compound 48/80, devoid of neurotrophic or opioid activity, was sufficient to recapitulate thermal hyperalgesia. Stabilization of mast cells by central injections of cromolyn produced no analgesic effect on baseline tail flick or von Frey fibre sensitivity, but inhibited thermal hyperalgesia produced by compound 48/80 and tactile hyperalgesia induced by dynorphin and by Freund's complete adjuvant. Finally, chemical nociception produced by the direct activation of nociceptors by formalin (phase I) was not inhibited by centrally injected cromolyn whereas chemical nociception dependent on central sensitization (formalin-phase II and acetic acid-induced abdominal stretches) was. CONCLUSIONS These convergent lines of evidence suggest that degranulation of centrally located mast cells sensitizes central nociceptive pathways leading to hyperalgesia and tonic chemical sensitivity. SIGNIFICANCE Hyperalgesia induced by spinal nerve ligation corresponds temporally and in magnitude with degranulation of thalamic mast cells. Here, we provide evidence that hyperalgesia induced by NGF, formalin and dynorphin also may depend on mast cell degranulation in the CNS whereas cromolyn, a mast cell stabilizer, blocks these effects in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Kissel
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - K J Kovács
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - A A Larson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Lopes DM, Denk F, Chisholm KI, Suddason T, Durrieux C, Thakur M, Gentry C, McMahon SB. Peripheral inflammatory pain sensitisation is independent of mast cell activation in male mice. Pain 2017; 158:1314-1322. [PMID: 28394852 PMCID: PMC5472008 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The immune and sensory systems are known for their close proximity and interaction. Indeed, in a variety of pain states, a myriad of different immune cells are activated and recruited, playing a key role in neuronal sensitisation. During inflammatory pain it is thought that mast cells (MC) are one of the immune cell types involved in this process, but so far the evidence outlining their direct effect on neuronal cells remains unclear. To clarify whether MC are involved in inflammatory pain states, we used a transgenic mouse line (Mctp5Cre-iDTR) in which MC could be depleted in an inducible manner by administration of diphtheria toxin. Our results show that ablation of MC in male mice did not result in any change in mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity in the CFA model of inflammatory pain. Similarly, edema and temperature triggered by CFA inflammation at the injection site remained identical in MC depleted mice compared with their littermate controls. In addition, we show that Mctp5Cre-iDTR mice display normal levels of mechanical hypersensitivity after local injection of nerve growth factor (NGF), a factor well characterised to produce peripheral sensitisation and for being upregulated upon injury and inflammation. We also demonstrate that NGF treatment in vitro does not lead to an increased level of tumor necrosis factor-α in bone marrow-derived MC. Furthermore, our qRT-PCR data reveal that MC express negligible levels of NGF receptors, thereby explaining the lack of response to NGF. Together, our data suggest that MC do not play a direct role in peripheral sensitisation during inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas M. Lopes
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Franziska Denk
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Kim I. Chisholm
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Tesha Suddason
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Camille Durrieux
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Thakur
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Clive Gentry
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen B. McMahon
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, United Kingdom
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38
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Kilinc E, Dagistan Y, Kotan B, Cetinkaya A. Effects of Nigella sativa seeds and certain species of fungi extracts on number and activation of dural mast cells in rats. Physiol Int 2017; 104:15-24. [PMID: 28361577 DOI: 10.1556/2060.104.2017.1.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of Nigella sativa seeds and certain species of fungi extracts on the number and degranulation states of dural mast cells in rats. Rats were fed ad libitum with normal tap water or tap water with extract of N. sativa seed, Ramaria condensata, Lactarius salmonicolor, Lactarius piperatus, and Tricholoma terreum for 3 days. Mast cells in dura mater were counted and evaluated in terms of granulation and degranulation states. Compound 48/80, a mast cell degranulating agent, and T. terreum significantly increased the percent of degranulated mast cells in dura mater, respectively (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05). Moreover, T. terreum causes a significant increase in the total number of mast cells (p < 0.05). N. sativa significantly inhibited mast cell degranulation induced by both the compound 48/80 and T. terreum (p < 0.05), and significantly decreased the mast cell numbers increased by T. terreum (p < 0.05). Our results suggested that T. terreum following ingestion can contribute to headaches like migraine via dural mast cell degranulation and N. sativa may be able to exert analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects by stabilizing dural mast cells. However, investigation is needed to determine the ingredients of N. sativa that may be responsible for these beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kilinc
- 1 Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Abant Izzet Baysal University , Bolu, Turkey
| | - Y Dagistan
- 2 Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Abant Izzet Baysal University , Bolu, Turkey
| | - B Kotan
- 3 Department of Geographical Sciences, Bolu Science High School , Bolu, Turkey
| | - A Cetinkaya
- 4 Department of Experimental Animal Application and Research Center, Abant Izzet Baysal University , Bolu, Turkey
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39
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Rodrigues L, Ekundi-Valentim E, Florenzano J, Cerqueira ARA, Soares AG, Schmidt TP, Santos KT, Teixeira SA, Ribela MTCP, Rodrigues SF, de Carvalho MH, De Nucci G, Wood M, Whiteman M, Muscará MN, Costa SKP. Protective effects of exogenous and endogenous hydrogen sulfide in mast cell-mediated pruritus and cutaneous acute inflammation in mice. Pharmacol Res 2016; 115:255-266. [PMID: 27840098 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The recently described 'gasomediator' hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been involved in pain mechanisms, but its effect on pruritus, a sensory modality that similarly to pain acts as a protective mechanism, is poorly known and controversial. The effects of the slow-releasing (GYY4137) and spontaneous H2S donors (Na2S and Lawesson's reagent, LR) were evaluated in histamine and compound 48/80 (C48/80)-dependent dorsal skin pruritus and inflammation in male BALB/c mice. Animals were intradermally (i.d.) injected with C48/80 (3μg/site) or histamine (1μmol/site) alone or co-injected with Na2S, LR or GYY4137 (within the 0.3-100nmol range). The involvement of endogenous H2S and KATP channel-dependent mechanism were also evaluated. Pruritus was assessed by the number of scratching bouts, whilst skin inflammation was evaluated by the extravascular accumulation of intravenously injected 125I-albumin (plasma extravasation) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity (neutrophil recruitment). Histamine or C48/80 significantly evoked itching behavior paralleled by plasma extravasation and increased MPO activity. Na2S and LR significantly ameliorated histamine or C48/80-induced pruritus and inflammation, although these effects were less pronounced or absent with GYY4137. Inhibition of endogenous H2S synthesis increased both Tyrode and C48/80-induced responses in the skin, whereas the blockade of KATP channels by glibenclamide did not. H2S-releasing donors significantly attenuate C48/80-induced mast cell degranulation either in vivo or in vitro. We provide first evidences that H2S donors confer protective effect against histamine-mediated acute pruritus and cutaneous inflammation. These effects can be mediated, at least in part, by stabilizing mast cells, known to contain multiple mediators and to be primary initiators of allergic processes, thus making of H2S donors a potential alternative/complementary therapy for treating inflammatory allergic skin diseases and related pruritus.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Rodrigues
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - E Ekundi-Valentim
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - J Florenzano
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A R A Cerqueira
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A G Soares
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - T P Schmidt
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - K T Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - S A Teixeira
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M T C P Ribela
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Nuclear and Energetic Research (IPEN), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - S F Rodrigues
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M H de Carvalho
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - G De Nucci
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M Wood
- University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - M Whiteman
- University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - M N Muscará
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - S K P Costa
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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40
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Azimi E, Reddy VB, Shade KTC, Anthony RM, Talbot S, Pereira PJS, Lerner EA. Dual action of neurokinin-1 antagonists on Mas-related GPCRs. JCI Insight 2016; 1:e89362. [PMID: 27734033 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.89362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The challenge of translating findings from animal models to the clinic is well known. An example of this challenge is the striking effectiveness of neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) antagonists in mouse models of inflammation coupled with their equally striking failure in clinical investigations in humans. Here, we provide an explanation for this dichotomy: Mas-related GPCRs (Mrgprs) mediate some aspects of inflammation that had been considered mediated by NK-1R. In support of this explanation, we show that conventional NK-1R antagonists have off-target activity on the mouse receptor MrgprB2 but not on the homologous human receptor MRGPRX2. An unrelated tripeptide NK-1R antagonist has dual activity on MRGPRX2. This tripeptide both suppresses itch in mice and inhibits degranulation from the LAD-2 human mast cell line elicited by basic secretagogue activation of MRGPRX2. Antagonists of Mrgprs may fill the void left by the failure of NK-1R antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Azimi
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, and
| | - Vemuri B Reddy
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, and
| | - Kai-Ting C Shade
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert M Anthony
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sebastien Talbot
- FM Kirby Neurobiology Center, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paula Juliana Seadi Pereira
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, and.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ethan A Lerner
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, and
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Zhang X, Dong H, Li N, Zhang S, Sun J, Zhang S, Qian Y. Activated brain mast cells contribute to postoperative cognitive dysfunction by evoking microglia activation and neuronal apoptosis. J Neuroinflammation 2016; 13:127. [PMID: 27245661 PMCID: PMC4888609 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-016-0592-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroinflammation plays a key role in the occurrence and development of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). Microglia, the resident immune cells in the brain, has been increasingly recognized to contribute to neuroinflammation. Although brain mast cells (MCs) are the “first responder” in the brain injury rather than microglia, little is known about the functional aspects of MCs-microglia interactions. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were injected intracerebroventricular with MC stabilizer Cromolyn (100 μg/μl), MC stimulator C48/80 (1 μg/μl), or sterile saline 30 min before open tibial fracture surgery, and the levels of neuroinflammation and memory dysfunction were tested 1 and 3 days after surgery. In addition, the effect of activated MCs on microglia and neurons was determined in vitro. Results Tibial fracture surgery induced MCs degranulation, microglia activation, and inflammatory factors production, which initiated the acute brain inflammatory response and neuronal death and exhibited cognitive deficit. Site-directed preinjection of the “MCs stabilizer” disodium cromoglycate (Cromolyn) inhibited this effect, including decrease of inflammatory cytokines, reduced MCs degranulation, microglia activation, neuronal death, and improved cognitive function 24 h after the surgery. In vitro study, we found that the conditioned medium from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mast cells line (P815) could induce primary microglia activation through mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway signaling and subsequent production of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). In addition, the activated P815 could directly induce neuronal apoptosis and synapse injury with microglia independently. Cromolyn could inhibit P815 activation following improved microglia activation and neuronal loss. Conclusions These results implicate that activated MCs could trigger microglia activation and neuronal damage, resulting in central nervous system (CNS) inflammation, and communications of MCs with microglia and neuron could constitute a new and unique therapeutic target for CNS immune inflammation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongquan Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Nana Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Susu Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Clinical Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanning Qian
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China.
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Ma J, Zhang XL, Wang CY, Lin Z, Tao JR, Liu HC. Dexmedetomidine alleviates the spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury through blocking mast cell degranulation. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:14741-14749. [PMID: 26628956 PMCID: PMC4658845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the neuro-protective effects of dexmedetomidine (dex) on I/R-induced spinal injury and potential mechanisms. METHODS sprague-Dawley rats in the treatment group received intraperitoneal injections of 25 mg/kg dexmedetomidine, MC stabilizer cromolyn (100 mg/kg), MCs stimuliser compound 48/80 (80 mg/kg), PBS at 24 h befor IR. Underwent 5 minutes of aortic occlusion via median sternotomy, functional scores were recorded at 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours after reperfusion. Additionally, 3 mice underwent sham surgery with sternotomy and dissection of the aorta and subclavian artery with no occlusion. Spinal cords were examined for protein kinase B (AKT), CREB, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) following treatment alone or ischemia-reperfusion surgery. Collected the serum to observe the expression of pro-inflammation cytokines (TNF-α, INF-γ and IL-1β) and anti-inflammation cytokines (TGF-β, IL-10 and IL-6). Then the MCs were harvested to test the expression surface molecular of FcεR and MCs' degranulation. RESULTS Pretreated the rats with dexmedetomidine has higher neurologic function at all time points after I/R injury. We collected the serum of rats then detected the pro-inflammation cytokines TNF-α, INF-γ and IL-1β levels and anti-inflammation cytokinses TGF-β, IL-10 and IL-6 levels, found that the pro-inflammation cytokines of dexmedetomidine group was decreased whereas the anti-inflammation cytokinses was increased. At the same time the protect protein of AKT, CREB and mRNA BDNF were increased. They had the same results with cromolyn group, and opposite with the compound 48/80 group. We pretreated MCs with dexmedetomidine in vitro, and found that the activity surface molecular of MCs was down-regulation, and MCs degranulation was decreased. CONCLUSION We thus demonstrate a possible mechanism by which dexmedetomidine alleviates spinal cord I/R injury through blocking the MCs degranulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shaoxing Central HospitalShaoxing, 312003, China
| | - Xiao-Long Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Cheng-Yu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Zhi Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Jie-Ru Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Hua-Cheng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou, 325027, China
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Kugler EM, Michel K, Zeller F, Demir IE, Ceyhan GO, Schemann M, Mazzuoli-Weber G. Mechanical stress activates neurites and somata of myenteric neurons. Front Cell Neurosci 2015; 9:342. [PMID: 26441520 PMCID: PMC4569744 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The particular location of myenteric neurons, sandwiched between the 2 muscle layers of the gut, implies that their somata and neurites undergo mechanical stress during gastrointestinal motility. Existence of mechanosensitive enteric neurons (MEN) is undoubted but many of their basic features remain to be studied. In this study, we used ultra-fast neuroimaging to record activity of primary cultured myenteric neurons of guinea pig and human intestine after von Frey hair evoked deformation of neurites and somata. Independent component analysis was applied to reconstruct neuronal morphology and follow neuronal signals. Of the cultured neurons 45% (114 out of 256, 30 guinea pigs) responded to neurite probing with a burst spike frequency of 13.4 Hz. Action potentials generated at the stimulation site invaded the soma and other neurites. Mechanosensitive sites were expressed across large areas of neurites. Many mechanosensitive neurites appeared to have afferent and efferent functions as those that responded to deformation also conducted spikes coming from the soma. Mechanosensitive neurites were also activated by nicotine application. This supported the concept of multifunctional MEN. 14% of the neurons (13 out of 96, 18 guinea pigs) responded to soma deformation with burst spike discharge of 17.9 Hz. Firing of MEN adapted rapidly (RAMEN), slowly (SAMEN), or ultra-slowly (USAMEN). The majority of MEN showed SAMEN behavior although significantly more RAMEN occurred after neurite probing. Cultured myenteric neurons from human intestine had similar properties. Compared to MEN, dorsal root ganglion neurons were activated by neurite but not by soma deformation with slow adaptation of firing. We demonstrated that MEN exhibit specific features very likely reflecting adaptation to their specialized functions in the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva M Kugler
- Human Biology, Technische Universitaet Muenchen Freising, Germany
| | - Klaus Michel
- Human Biology, Technische Universitaet Muenchen Freising, Germany
| | - Florian Zeller
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum Freising Freising, Germany
| | - Ihsan E Demir
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universitaet Muenchen Munich, Germany
| | - Güralp O Ceyhan
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universitaet Muenchen Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Schemann
- Human Biology, Technische Universitaet Muenchen Freising, Germany
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Bousquet E, Zhao M, Thillaye-Goldenberg B, Lorena V, Castaneda B, Naud MC, Bergin C, Besson-Lescure B, Behar-Cohen F, de Kozak Y. Choroidal Mast Cells in Retinal Pathology. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2015; 185:2083-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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45
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Rychter J, Ortega O, Berdun S, Arenas C, Lopez I, Espin F, Vergara P, Clavé P. Mast cell degranulation inhibits motor patterns of human ileum and sigmoid colon in vitro: relevance for postoperative ileus. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2015; 27:1098-109. [PMID: 25974622 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.12589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Local release of mast cell proteases during gastrointestinal surgery is associated with the inhibition of motility and postoperative ileus (POI). We determined whether activation of intramuscular mast cell affects the motor patterns of the human ileum and colon and whether proteases are involved. METHODS Motor response of ileal and colonic circular muscle strips was measured in organ bath. Mast cell degranulation was induced by compound 48/80 (c48/80; 25-675 μg/mL). Motor response was quantified as tone, rhythmic phasic contractions (RPCs) and contractions to electric field stimulation (EFS; 40 Hz), and bethanechol-evoked contractions. Ketotifen (10(-6) mol/L) and a protease inhibitor cocktail (P8340) were used to evaluate the role of mast cell mediators. KEY RESULTS (a) c48/80 impaired the spontaneous and the electrically evoked motor response in small bowel and colonic strips (sigmoid colon EC50 : 460.0 μg/mL for RPCs and 8.9 μg/mL for electrically evoked contraction amplitudes) and bethanechol-evoked contractions. (b) Preincubation with ketotifen (10(-6) mol/L, 1 h) prevented the impairment of RPCs and EFS-evoked contractions in the sigmoid colon and ileum but not in the right colon. (c) Preincubation with P8340 also prevented the impairment of contractions in the sigmoid colon but not in the ileum or the right colon. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES Mast cell degranulation by c48/80 inhibits the spontaneous and the nerve-mediated motor response in the human ileum and colon. The effect is partially mediated by mast cell proteases and could be relevant in the pathophysiology of POI.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rychter
- CIBERehd, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de enfermedades hepáticas y digestivas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Veterinary School, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - O Ortega
- Department of Surgery, Hospital de Mataró, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Mataró, Catalonia, Spain
| | - S Berdun
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Veterinary School, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - C Arenas
- CIBERehd, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de enfermedades hepáticas y digestivas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - I Lopez
- Department of Surgery, Hospital de Mataró, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Mataró, Catalonia, Spain
| | - F Espin
- Department of Surgery, Hospital de Mataró, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Mataró, Catalonia, Spain
| | - P Vergara
- CIBERehd, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de enfermedades hepáticas y digestivas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Veterinary School, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - P Clavé
- CIBERehd, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de enfermedades hepáticas y digestivas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Department of Surgery, Hospital de Mataró, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Mataró, Catalonia, Spain
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46
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Yang M, Ma Y, Ding J, Rao L, Li J. Preconditioning donor livers with cromolyn or compound 48/80 prolongs recipient survival in a rat orthotopic liver transplantation model. Transplant Proc 2015; 46:1554-9. [PMID: 24935329 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2014.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Revised: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute rejection (AR) remains a challenge in organ transplantation. Preconditioning donor organs can reduce AR and prolong survival. Whether preconditioning with cromolyn (CRM), a mast cell (MC) stabilizer, or compound 48/80 (CMP 48/80), a MC degranulator, can alleviate AR and prolong survival has not been studied. METHODS We used the male-DA-to-female-Lewis-rat orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) model. Donors were preconditioned with CRM in a MC stabilizing way (CRM group) or CMP 48/80 in a MC depleting way (CMP 48/80 group). Rats preconditioned with phosphate-buffered saline were used as controls (PBS group). After preconditioning, OLT surgeries were carried out. OLT male-Lewis-to-female-Lewis-rats were used as the syngeneic group (syngeneic group). RESULTS Rats in the PBS group developed AR rapidly and died at 7.40 ± 1.14 days. Rats in the CRM and CMP 48/80 groups had significantly slower rejections and died at day 17.40 ± 1.67 or 14.20 ± 2.28, respectively (P < .05). Rats in the syngeneic group survived more than 60 days. Rejection activity indexes (RAIs) and liver functions were all alleviated through CRM or CMP 48/80 preconditioning. Interferon-γ messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions were reduced and interleukin-10 mRNA levels were higher in allografts in the CRM and CMP 48/80 groups, compared with the PBS group. These were confirmed by testing serum interferon-γ and interlerkin-10. CONCLUSION Preconditioning donor livers with CRM or CMP 48/80 can reduce AR and prolong survival of recipients after OLT.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - J Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - L Rao
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - J Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Galli SJ, Tsai M, Marichal T, Tchougounova E, Reber LL, Pejler G. Approaches for analyzing the roles of mast cells and their proteases in vivo. Adv Immunol 2015; 126:45-127. [PMID: 25727288 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The roles of mast cells in health and disease remain incompletely understood. While the evidence that mast cells are critical effector cells in IgE-dependent anaphylaxis and other acute IgE-mediated allergic reactions seems unassailable, studies employing various mice deficient in mast cells or mast cell-associated proteases have yielded divergent conclusions about the roles of mast cells or their proteases in certain other immunological responses. Such "controversial" results call into question the relative utility of various older versus newer approaches to ascertain the roles of mast cells and mast cell proteases in vivo. This review discusses how both older and more recent mouse models have been used to investigate the functions of mast cells and their proteases in health and disease. We particularly focus on settings in which divergent conclusions about the importance of mast cells and their proteases have been supported by studies that employed different models of mast cell or mast cell protease deficiency. We think that two major conclusions can be drawn from such findings: (1) no matter which models of mast cell or mast cell protease deficiency one employs, the conclusions drawn from the experiments always should take into account the potential limitations of the models (particularly abnormalities affecting cell types other than mast cells) and (2) even when analyzing a biological response using a single model of mast cell or mast cell protease deficiency, details of experimental design are critical in efforts to define those conditions under which important contributions of mast cells or their proteases can be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Galli
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA; Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
| | - Mindy Tsai
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Thomas Marichal
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA; GIGA-Research and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Elena Tchougounova
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Laurent L Reber
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Gunnar Pejler
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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Buhner S, Braak B, Li Q, Kugler EM, Klooker T, Wouters M, Donovan J, Vignali S, Mazzuoli-Weber G, Grundy D, Boeckxstaens G, Schemann M. Neuronal activation by mucosal biopsy supernatants from irritable bowel syndrome patients is linked to visceral sensitivity. Exp Physiol 2014; 99:1299-311. [DOI: 10.1113/expphysiol.2014.080036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Buhner
- Human Biology; Technische Universität München; Freising Germany
| | - Breg Braak
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Academic Medical Center; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Qin Li
- Human Biology; Technische Universität München; Freising Germany
- Department of Physiology; Shangdong University; Shangdong China
| | | | - Tamira Klooker
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Academic Medical Center; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Mira Wouters
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders; University Hospital Gasthuisberg; Catholic University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - Jemma Donovan
- Department of Biomedical Science; University of Sheffield; Sheffield UK
| | - Sheila Vignali
- Human Biology; Technische Universität München; Freising Germany
| | | | - David Grundy
- Department of Biomedical Science; University of Sheffield; Sheffield UK
| | - Guy Boeckxstaens
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Academic Medical Center; Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders; University Hospital Gasthuisberg; Catholic University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
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Erdener SE, Dalkara T. Modelling headache and migraine and its pharmacological manipulation. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171:4575-94. [PMID: 24611635 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Revised: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Similarities between laboratory animals and humans in anatomy and physiology of the cephalic nociceptive pathways have allowed scientists to create successful models that have significantly contributed to our understanding of headache. They have also been instrumental in the development of novel anti-migraine drugs different from classical pain killers. Nevertheless, modelling the mechanisms underlying primary headache disorders like migraine has been challenging due to limitations in testing the postulated hypotheses in humans. Recent developments in imaging techniques have begun to fill this translational gap. The unambiguous demonstration of cortical spreading depolarization (CSD) during migraine aura in patients has reawakened interest in studying CSD in animals as a noxious brain event that can activate the trigeminovascular system. CSD-based models, including transgenics and optogenetics, may more realistically simulate pain generation in migraine, which is thought to originate within the brain. The realization that behavioural correlates of headache and migrainous symptoms like photophobia can be assessed quantitatively in laboratory animals, has created an opportunity to directly study the headache in intact animals without the confounding effects of anaesthetics. Headache and migraine-like episodes induced by administration of glyceryltrinitrate and CGRP to humans and parallel behavioural and biological changes observed in rodents create interesting possibilities for translational research. Not unexpectedly, species differences and model-specific observations have also led to controversies as well as disappointments in clinical trials, which, in return, has helped us improve the models and advance our understanding of headache. Here, we review commonly used headache and migraine models with an emphasis on recent developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Erdener
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Neurological Sciences and Psychiatry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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50
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Bhatt DK, Gupta S, Olesen J, Jansen-Olesen I. PACAP-38 infusion causes sustained vasodilation of the middle meningeal artery in the rat: possible involvement of mast cells. Cephalalgia 2014; 34:877-86. [PMID: 24563332 DOI: 10.1177/0333102414523846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In healthy human volunteers and in migraineurs, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide-38 (PACAP-38) infusion caused sustained vasodilation of the middle meningeal artery (MMA) and an immediate as well as a delayed headache. All the study subjects experienced facial flushing. Mast cells (MCs) might have a role in the long-lasting effect of PACAP-38 infusion. We hypothesized that in mast cell-depleted (MCD) rats the vascular responses to PACAP-38 would be lesser than in control rats because of a lack of vasodilatory products released during MC degranulation. METHODS MCs were depleted by chronic treatment with compound 48/80. The effect of 20 minutes' intravenous (i.v.) infusion of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), PACAP-38, PACAP(6-38) (PAC-1 receptor antagonist) and PACAP-27 on the diameter of the MMA and on mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) in control and MCD rats was recorded by using the genuine closed-cranial window (CCW) model. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) infusion was given only in control rats. A combination of the histamine H1 receptor antagonist mepyramine (4 mg kg(-1) i.v.) and the H2 receptor antagonist famotidine (1 mg kg(-1) i.v.) was given 10 minutes prior to PACAP-38 infusion. Increasing doses of PACAP-38, PACAP-27 and VIP were infused through the intracarotid artery (i.c.) in control and MCD rats to see the direct effects of these peptides on MMA diameter change. RESULTS There was no significant change in CGRP-induced MMA diameter increase in control and MCD rats, and the dilated MMA immediately returned back to baseline after stopping the infusion. The delayed MMA dilation induced by PACAP-38 was abolished in MCD and antihistamine (AH)-pretreated rats. Compared to PACAP-38, the PACAP-27 i.v. infusion gave smaller peak dilation of MMA in control rats. In MCD rats, PACAP-27 did not induce any significant dilation. VIP i.v. infusion reduced MABP but did not dilate MMA significantly. PACAP(6-38), which is a potent MC degranulator, also gave a significant delayed dilation of MMA. PACAP-38 i.c. responses (direct receptor mediated response) were not affected by MC depletion. Only the maximum response (% E max) value of PACAP-27 (i.c.) was significantly lower in MCD rats compared to control rats. CONCLUSIONS The delayed MMA dilatory responses to PACAP-38 infusion were attenuated in MCD and AH-pretreated rats, indicating a role of the MC mediator-histamine in PACAP-38-induced delayed dilation of MA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak K Bhatt
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Glostrup Hospital, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Saurabh Gupta
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Glostrup Hospital, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jes Olesen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Glostrup Hospital, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Inger Jansen-Olesen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Glostrup Hospital, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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