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Grubić Kezele T, Omrčen H, Batičić L, Šućurović S, Zoričić Cvek S. Joint Inflammation Correlates with Joint GPR30 Expression in Males and Hippocampal GPR30 Expression in Females in a Rat Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7864. [PMID: 39063107 PMCID: PMC11277240 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
It is not entirely clear how the interaction between joint inflammation and the central nervous system (CNS) response in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) works, and what pathophysiology underlies the sex differences in coexisting neuropsychiatric comorbidities. It is known that estrogen hormones reduce inflammation in RA and that this occurs mainly via the stimulation of G protein-coupled receptor-30 (GPR30), also known as G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) 1. However, changes in GPR30 expression and sex differences induced by local and systemic inflammation in RA are not yet known. Our aim was to reveal sex differences in the expression and association of joint GPR30 with local and systemic inflammation, clinical course and furthermore with hippocampal GPR30 expression during pristane-induced arthritis (PIA) in Dark Agouti (DA) rats, an animal model of RA. Furthermore, we demonstrated sex-specific differences in the association between joint and systemic inflammation and hippocampal microglia during PIA. Our results suggest sex-specific differences not only in the clinical course and serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines but also in the expression of GPR30. Female rats show greater synovial inflammation and greater damage to the articular cartilage compared to males during PIA attack. Male rats express higher levels of synovial and cartilaginous GPR30 than females during PIA, which correlates with a less severe clinical course. The correlation between synovial and cartilaginous GPR30 and joint inflammation scores (Krenn and Mankin) in male rats suggests that the more severe the joint inflammation, the higher the GPR30 expression. At the same time, there is no particular upregulation of hippocampal GPR30 in males. On the other hand, female rats express higher levels of neuroprotective GPR30 in the hippocampus than male rats at the basic level and during PIA attack. In addition, females have a higher number of Iba-1+ cells in the hippocampus during PIA attack that strongly correlates with the clinical score, serum levels of IL-17A, and Krenn and Mankin scores. These results suggest that male rats are better protected from inflammation in the joints and female rats are better protected from the inflammation in the hippocampus during a PIA attack, independently of microglia proliferation. However, in the remission phase, synovial GPR30 expression suddenly increases in female rats, as does hippocampal GPR30 expression in males. Further experiments with a longer remission period are needed to investigate the molecular background of these sex differences, as well as microglia phenotype profiling.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Female
- Male
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/metabolism
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/pathology
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/genetics
- Hippocampus/metabolism
- Rats
- Disease Models, Animal
- Inflammation/metabolism
- Arthritis, Experimental/metabolism
- Arthritis, Experimental/pathology
- Sex Characteristics
- Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
- Receptors, Estrogen/genetics
- Microglia/metabolism
- Sex Factors
- Terpenes
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Grubić Kezele
- Department of Physiology, Immunology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Clinical Department for Clinical Microbiology, Clinical Hospital Centre Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Hrvoje Omrčen
- Department of Microbiology, Teaching Institute of Public Health of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
| | - Lara Batičić
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
| | - Sandra Šućurović
- Specialized Hematology Laboratory, Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Sanja Zoričić Cvek
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
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2
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Awasthi BP, Chaudhary P, Lim D, Yadav K, Lee IH, Banskota S, Chaudhary CL, Karmacharya U, Lee J, Im SM, Nam Y, Eun JW, Lee S, Lee JM, Kim ES, Ryou C, Kim TH, Park HD, Kim JA, Nam TG, Jeong BS. G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor-Mediated Anti-Inflammatory and Mucosal Healing Activity of a Trimethylpyridinol Analogue in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Med Chem 2024; 67:10601-10621. [PMID: 38896548 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by abnormal immune responses, including elevated proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. This study presents the synthesis and anti-inflammatory evaluation of 2,4,5-trimethylpyridin-3-ol analogues, which exhibit dual inhibition of TNFα- and IL-6-induced inflammation. Analysis using in silico methods, including 3D shape-based target identification, modeling, and docking, identified G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER) as the molecular target for the most effective analogue, 6-26, which exhibits remarkable efficacy in ameliorating inflammation and restoring colonic mucosal integrity. This was further validated by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assay results, which showed direct binding to GPER, and by the results showing that GPER knockdown abolished the inhibitory effects of 6-26 on TNFα and IL-6 actions. Notably, 6-26 displayed no cytotoxicity, unlike G1 and G15, a well-known GPER agonist and an antagonist, respectively, which induced necroptosis independently of GPER. These findings suggest that the GPER-selective compound 6-26 holds promise as a therapeutic candidate for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhuwan Prasad Awasthi
- College of Pharmacy and Institute for Drug Research, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Prakash Chaudhary
- College of Pharmacy and Institute for Drug Research, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongchul Lim
- Innovo Therapeutics Inc., Daeduck Biz Center C-313, 17 Techno 4-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34013, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiran Yadav
- College of Pharmacy and Institute for Drug Research, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Iyn-Hyang Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Institute for Drug Research, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhrid Banskota
- College of Pharmacy and Institute for Drug Research, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Chhabi Lal Chaudhary
- College of Pharmacy and Institute for Drug Research, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Ujjwala Karmacharya
- College of Pharmacy and Institute for Drug Research, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwoo Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Institute for Drug Research, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - So Myoung Im
- Department of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - YeonJu Nam
- Bio Industry Department, Gyeonggido Business & Science Accelerator, Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Eun
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungeun Lee
- Department of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Min Lee
- Cell & Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Soo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Chongsuk Ryou
- Department of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hun Kim
- Innovo Therapeutics Inc., Daeduck Biz Center C-313, 17 Techno 4-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34013, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Dong Park
- Innovo Therapeutics Inc., Daeduck Biz Center C-313, 17 Techno 4-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34013, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ae Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Institute for Drug Research, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Gyu Nam
- Department of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Seon Jeong
- College of Pharmacy and Institute for Drug Research, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
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3
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Jouffre B, Acramel A, Jacquot Y, Daulhac L, Mallet C. GPER involvement in inflammatory pain. Steroids 2023; 200:109311. [PMID: 37734514 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2023.109311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pain is a worldwide refractory health disease that causes major financial and emotional burdens and that is devastating for individuals and society. One primary source of pain is inflammation. Current treatments for inflammatory pain are weakly effective, although they usually replace analgesics, such as opioids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which display serious side effects. Emerging evidence indicates that the membrane G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) may play an important role in the regulation of inflammation and pain. Herein, we focus on the consequences of pharmacological and genetic GPER modulation in different animal models of inflammatory pain. We also provide a brief overview of the putative mechanisms including the direct action of GPER on pain transmission and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Jouffre
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm U1107 Neuro-Dol, Pharmacologie Fondamentale et Clinique de la Douleur, Clermont-Ferrand, France; ANALGESIA Institute, Faculty of Medicine, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Alexandre Acramel
- CiTCoM, CNRS - UMR 8038, INSERM U1268, Faculty of Pharmacy of Paris, University Paris Cité, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France; Department of Pharmacy, Institut Curie, 75248 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - Yves Jacquot
- CiTCoM, CNRS - UMR 8038, INSERM U1268, Faculty of Pharmacy of Paris, University Paris Cité, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - Laurence Daulhac
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm U1107 Neuro-Dol, Pharmacologie Fondamentale et Clinique de la Douleur, Clermont-Ferrand, France; ANALGESIA Institute, Faculty of Medicine, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Christophe Mallet
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm U1107 Neuro-Dol, Pharmacologie Fondamentale et Clinique de la Douleur, Clermont-Ferrand, France; ANALGESIA Institute, Faculty of Medicine, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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4
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Xu F, Ma J, Wang X, Wang X, Fang W, Sun J, Li Z, Liu J. The Role of G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor (GPER) in Vascular Pathology and Physiology. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1410. [PMID: 37759810 PMCID: PMC10526873 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Estrogen is indispensable in health and disease and mainly functions through its receptors. The protection of the cardiovascular system by estrogen and its receptors has been recognized for decades. Numerous studies with a focus on estrogen and its receptor system have been conducted to elucidate the underlying mechanism. Although nuclear estrogen receptors, including estrogen receptor-α and estrogen receptor-β, have been shown to be classical receptors that mediate genomic effects, studies now show that GPER mainly mediates rapid signaling events as well as transcriptional regulation via binding to estrogen as a membrane receptor. With the discovery of selective synthetic ligands for GPER and the utilization of GPER knockout mice, significant progress has been made in understanding the function of GPER. In this review, the tissue and cellular localizations, endogenous and exogenous ligands, and signaling pathways of GPER are systematically summarized in diverse physiological and diseased conditions. This article further emphasizes the role of GPER in vascular pathology and physiology, focusing on the latest research progress and evidence of GPER as a promising therapeutic target in hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, and atherosclerosis. Thus, selective regulation of GPER by its agonists and antagonists have the potential to be used in clinical practice for treating such diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujie Xu
- Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710068, China; (F.X.); (W.F.); (J.S.)
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (J.M.); (X.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Jipeng Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (J.M.); (X.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiaowu Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (J.M.); (X.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiaoya Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (J.M.); (X.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Weiyi Fang
- Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710068, China; (F.X.); (W.F.); (J.S.)
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (J.M.); (X.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Jingwei Sun
- Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710068, China; (F.X.); (W.F.); (J.S.)
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (J.M.); (X.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Zilin Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (J.M.); (X.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Jincheng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (J.M.); (X.W.); (X.W.)
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5
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Ma J, Hu J, Wang X, Zhang S, Li Z, Liu J. Improvement of Cardiovascular Function in Aging Females by the Prolonged Activation of G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2022; 16:371-381. [PMID: 36121620 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-022-10315-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Ample evidence suggests that estrogen replacement therapy is associated with beneficial effects with regard to cardiovascular diseases when the therapy is initiated temporally close to menopause but not when it is initiated later. Little is known about the complex interactions between hormone receptors after menopause. Coronary artery function and cardiac function were measured in rats that had either received no treatment or had been pretreated with an androgen receptor (AR) antagonist and/or a GPER agonist G-1. ICI 182,780 was used to block the classical estrogen receptors (ERs) to investigate their complex interactions with GPER. The beneficial effects of GPER were only observed by blocking ARs and classical ERs in aged female rats. The results demonstrate that GPER activation is a potential therapeutic target for the inhibition of age-dependent coronary artery dysfunction and cardiac dysfunction under the condition of blocking ARs and classical ERs after menopause. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The risk of cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women significantly increased. The role of sex hormones and their receptors during this process is still complicated. Our present study demonstrated that the imbalance of androgen and estrogen may contribute to the impairment of vascular reactivity and subsequent cardiac function. Treatment with GPER agonist G1 combined with the inhibition of ERα and ERβ could improve vascular function and reduce the myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. These findings may provide the novel and effective strategy for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jipeng Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaowu Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuaishuai Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zilin Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Jincheng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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6
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Averyanova M, Vishnyakova P, Yureneva S, Yakushevskaya O, Fatkhudinov T, Elchaninov A, Sukhikh G. Sex hormones and immune system: Menopausal hormone therapy in the context of COVID-19 pandemic. Front Immunol 2022; 13:928171. [PMID: 35983046 PMCID: PMC9379861 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.928171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The fatal outcomes of COVID-19 are related to the high reactivity of the innate wing of immunity. Estrogens could exert anti-inflammatory effects during SARS-CoV-2 infection at different stages: from increasing the antiviral resistance of individual cells to counteracting the pro-inflammatory cytokine production. A complex relationship between sex hormones and immune system implies that menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) has pleiotropic effects on immunity in peri- and postmenopausal patients. The definite immunological benefits of perimenopausal MHT confirm the important role of estrogens in regulation of immune functionalities. In this review, we attempt to explore how sex hormones and MHT affect immunological parameters of the organism at different level (in vitro, in vivo) and what mechanisms are involved in their protective response to the new coronavirus infection. The correlation of sex steroid levels with severity and lethality of the disease indicates the potential of using hormone therapy to modulate the immune response and increase the resilience to adverse outcomes. The overall success of MHT is based on decades of experience in clinical trials. According to the current standards, MHT should not be discontinued in COVID-19 with the exception of critical cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Averyanova
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V. I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Polina Vishnyakova
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V. I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
- Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Medical Institute, Moscow, Russia
- *Correspondence: Polina Vishnyakova,
| | - Svetlana Yureneva
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V. I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Oksana Yakushevskaya
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V. I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Timur Fatkhudinov
- Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Medical Institute, Moscow, Russia
- A. P. Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Laboratory of Growth and Development, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Elchaninov
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V. I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Gennady Sukhikh
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V. I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
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Singh R, Nasci VL, Guthrie G, Ertuglu LA, Butt MK, Kirabo A, Gohar EY. Emerging Roles for G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor 1 in Cardio-Renal Health: Implications for Aging. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12030412. [PMID: 35327604 PMCID: PMC8946600 DOI: 10.3390/biom12030412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular (CV) and renal diseases are increasingly prevalent in the United States and globally. CV-related mortality is the leading cause of death in the United States, while renal-related mortality is the 8th. Despite advanced therapeutics, both diseases persist, warranting continued exploration of disease mechanisms to develop novel therapeutics and advance clinical outcomes for cardio-renal health. CV and renal diseases increase with age, and there are sex differences evident in both the prevalence and progression of CV and renal disease. These age and sex differences seen in cardio-renal health implicate sex hormones as potentially important regulators to be studied. One such regulator is G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1). GPER1 has been implicated in estrogen signaling and is expressed in a variety of tissues including the heart, vasculature, and kidney. GPER1 has been shown to be protective against CV and renal diseases in different experimental animal models. GPER1 actions involve multiple signaling pathways: interaction with aldosterone and endothelin-1 signaling, stimulation of the release of nitric oxide, and reduction in oxidative stress, inflammation, and immune infiltration. This review will discuss the current literature regarding GPER1 and cardio-renal health, particularly in the context of aging. Improving our understanding of GPER1-evoked mechanisms may reveal novel therapeutics aimed at improving cardio-renal health and clinical outcomes in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravneet Singh
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Medical Research Building IV, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (R.S.); (V.L.N.)
| | - Victoria L. Nasci
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Medical Research Building IV, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (R.S.); (V.L.N.)
| | - Ginger Guthrie
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; (G.G.); (M.K.B.)
| | - Lale A. Ertuglu
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (L.A.E.); (A.K.)
| | - Maryam K. Butt
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; (G.G.); (M.K.B.)
| | - Annet Kirabo
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (L.A.E.); (A.K.)
| | - Eman Y. Gohar
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Medical Research Building IV, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (R.S.); (V.L.N.)
- Correspondence:
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8
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Wang J, Zhang YW, Zhang NJ, Yin S, Ruan DJ, He N, Chen X, Yang XF. Coiled-Coil Domain Containing 80 Suppresses Nonylphenol-Induced Colorectal Cancer Cell Proliferation by Inhibiting the Activation of ERK1/2. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:759820. [PMID: 34746152 PMCID: PMC8570822 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.759820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, the effect of endocrine-disrupting chemicals on the cancer procession has been a concern. Nonylphenol (NP) is a common environmental estrogen that has been shown to enhance the proliferation of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells in our previous studies; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we confirmed the increased concentration of NP in the serum of patients with CRC. RNA sequencing was used to explore the differentially expressed genes after NP exposure. We found 16 upregulated genes and 12 downregulated genes in COLO205 cells after NP treatment. Among these differentially expressed genes, we found that coiled-coil domain containing 80 (CCDC80) was downregulated by NP treatment and was associated with CRC progression. Further experiments revealed that the overexpression of CCDC80 significantly suppressed NP-induced cell proliferation and recovered the reduced cell apoptosis. Meanwhile, the overexpression of CCDC80 significantly inhibited the activation of ERK1/2 induced by NP treatment. ERK1/2 inhibitor (PD98059) treatment also suppressed NP-induced CRC cell growth, but the overexpression of CCDC80 did not enhance the effect of ERK1/2 inhibitor. Taken together, NP treatment significantly inhibited the expression of CCDC80, and the overexpression of CCDC80 suppressed NP-induced CRC cell growth by inhibiting the activation of ERK1/2. These results suggest that NP could induce CRC cell growth by influencing the expression of multiple genes. CCDC80 and ERK1/2 inhibitors may be suitable therapeutic targets in NP-related CRC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan-Wei Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Nian-Jie Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Shuo Yin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Du-Ji Ruan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Nian He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Xue-Feng Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
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9
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Adekunle AO, Adzika GK, Mprah R, Ndzie Noah ML, Adu-Amankwaah J, Rizvi R, Akhter N, Sun H. Predominance of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction in Postmenopausal Women: Intra- and Extra-Cardiomyocyte Maladaptive Alterations Scaffolded by Estrogen Deficiency. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:685996. [PMID: 34660569 PMCID: PMC8511782 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.685996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) remains a public health concern as it is associated with high morbidity and death rates. In particular, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) represents the dominant (>50%) form of HF and mostly occurring among postmenopausal women. Hence, the initiation and progression of the left ventricular diastolic dysfunctions (LVDD) (a typically clinical manifestation of HFpEF) in postmenopausal women have been attributed to estrogen deficiency and the loss of its residue cardioprotective effects. In this review, from a pathophysiological and immunological standpoint, we discuss the probable multiple pathomechanisms resulting in HFpEF, which are facilitated by estrogen deficiency. The initial discussions recap estrogen and estrogen receptors (ERs) and β-adrenergic receptors (βARs) signaling under physiological/pathological states to facilitate cardiac function/dysfunction, respectively. By reconciling these prior discussions, attempts were made to explain how the loss of estrogen facilitates the disruptions both ERs and βARs-mediated signaling responsible for; the modulation of intra-cardiomyocyte calcium homeostasis, maintenance of cardiomyocyte cytoskeletal and extracellular matrix, the adaptive regulation of coronary microvascular endothelial functions and myocardial inflammatory responses. By scaffolding the disruption of these crucial intra- and extra-cardiomyocyte physiological functions, estrogen deficiency has been demonstrated to cause LVDD and increase the incidence of HFpEF in postmenopausal women. Finally, updates on the advancements in treatment interventions for the prevention of HFpEF were highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Richard Mprah
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | | | | | | | - Nazma Akhter
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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10
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Nasser SA, Afify EA, Kobeissy F, Hamam B, Eid AH, El-Mas MM. Inflammatory Basis of Atherosclerosis: Modulation by Sex Hormones. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:2099-2111. [PMID: 33480335 DOI: 10.2174/1381612827666210122142811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis-related cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally. Several lines of evidence are supportive of the contributory role of vascular inflammation in atherosclerosis. Diverse immune cell types, including monocytes/macrophages, T-cells and neutrophils, as well as specialized proresolving lipid mediators, have been successfully characterized as key players in vascular inflammation. The increased prevalence of atherosclerotic CVD in men in comparison to age-matched premenopausal women and the abolition of sex differences in prevalence during menopause strongly suggest a pivotal role of sex hormones in the development of CVD. Indeed, many animal and human studies conclusively implicate sex hormones as a crucial component in driving the immune response. This is further corroborated by the effective identification of sex hormone receptors in vascular endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells and immune cells. Collectively, these findings suggest a cellular communication between sex hormones and vascular or immune cells underlying the vascular inflammation in atherosclerosis. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of vascular inflammation as a causal cue underlying atherosclerotic CVDs within the context of the modulatory effects of sex hormones. Moreover, the cellular and molecular signaling pathways underlying the sex hormones- immune system interactions as potential culprits for vascular inflammation are highlighted with detailed and critical discussion. Finally, the review concludes by speculations on the potential sex-related efficacy of currently available immunotherapies in mitigating vascular inflammation. Conceivably, a deeper understanding of the immunoregulatory influence of sex hormones on vascular inflammation-mediated atherosclerosis permits sex-based management of atherosclerosis-related CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne A Nasser
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, P.O. Box 11-5020, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Elham A Afify
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Firas Kobeissy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Bassam Hamam
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese International University, P.O. Box 146404, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mahmoud M El-Mas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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11
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Felix FB, Vago JP, Fernandes DDO, Martins DG, Moreira IZ, Gonçalves WA, Costa WC, Araújo JMD, Queiroz-Junior CM, Campolina-Silva GH, Soriani FM, Sousa LP, Grespan R, Teixeira MM, Pinho V. Biochanin A Regulates Key Steps of Inflammation Resolution in a Model of Antigen-Induced Arthritis via GPR30/PKA-Dependent Mechanism. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:662308. [PMID: 33995086 PMCID: PMC8114065 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.662308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Biochanin A (BCA) is a natural organic compound of the class of phytochemicals known as flavonoids and isoflavone subclass predominantly found in red clover (Trifolium pratense). It has anti-inflammatory activity and some pro-resolving actions, such as neutrophil apoptosis. However, the effect of BCA in the resolution of inflammation is still poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of BCA on the neutrophilic inflammatory response and its resolution in a model of antigen-induced arthritis. Male wild-type BALB/c mice were treated with BCA at the peak of the inflammatory process (12 h). BCA decreased the accumulation of migrated neutrophils, and this effect was associated with reduction of myeloperoxidase activity, IL-1β and CXCL1 levels, and the histological score in periarticular tissues. Joint dysfunction, as seen by mechanical hypernociception, was improved by treatment with BCA. The resolution interval (Ri) was also quantified, defining profiles of acute inflammatory parameters that include the amplitude and duration of the inflammatory response monitored by the neutrophil infiltration. BCA treatment shortened Ri from ∼23 h observed in vehicle-treated mice to ∼5.5 h, associated with an increase in apoptotic events and efferocytosis, both key steps for the resolution of inflammation. These effects of BCA were prevented by H89, an inhibitor of protein kinase A (PKA) and G15, a selective G protein–coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) antagonist. In line with the in vivo data, BCA also increased the efferocytic ability of murine bone marrow–derived macrophages. Collectively, these data indicate for the first time that BCA resolves neutrophilic inflammation acting in key steps of the resolution of inflammation, requiring activation of GPR30 and via stimulation of cAMP-dependent signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franciel Batista Felix
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Juliana Priscila Vago
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Débora de Oliveira Fernandes
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Débora Gonzaga Martins
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Isabella Zaidan Moreira
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - William Antonio Gonçalves
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Walyson Coelho Costa
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Celso Martins Queiroz-Junior
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Frederico Marianetti Soriani
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lirlândia Pires Sousa
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Renata Grespan
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristovão, Brazil
| | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Pinho
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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12
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Chen C, Chen J, Tao X, Fu M, Cheng B, Chen X. Activation of GPR30 with G1 inhibits oscillatory shear stress-induced adhesion of THP-1 monocytes to HAECs by increasing KLF2. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:11942-11953. [PMID: 33875621 PMCID: PMC8109116 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease known to be mediated by numerous factors, among which endothelial dysfunction plays a critical role. Oscillatory shear stress induces endothelial cells to lose their anti-atherosclerotic properties and downregulates the expression of the innate protective transcription factor, Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2), which is typically upregulated in vascular endothelial cells in response to harmful stimuli. Oxidative stress and inflammation impair endothelial function and damage their survival. Oscillatory shear stress also promotes generation of reactive oxygen species and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), thereby further promoting endothelial dysfunction and formation of atherosclerotic plaque. A major event in the development of atherosclerotic plaque is rolling and adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells, which is mediated by adhesion molecules including vascular cellular adhesion molecule 1 and endothelial-selectin. Expression of these molecules is also upregulated by oscillatory shear stress. Estrogen has long been recognized as a protective agent against atherosclerosis, but the mechanisms through which estrogen receptors prevent atherogenesis remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated the role of the G-coupled protein estrogen receptor (GPR30) in oscillatory shear stress- induced endothelial dysfunction. We show that agonism of GPR30 by its specific agonist G1 prevented oscillatory shear stress -induced oxidative stress markers and production of inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules. As a result, GPR30 activation suppresses monocytes adhesion to endothelial cells. Furthermore, we demonstrate that GPR30 prevents oscillatory shear stress- induced downregulation of KLF2 via ERK5 pathway. These findings suggest that endothelial GPR30 is potential target to suppress oscillatory shear stress mediated atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, Sichuang, China
| | - Jingyan Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, Sichuang, China
| | - Xuefei Tao
- Department of Geriatrics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, Sichuang, China
| | - Minghuan Fu
- Department of Geriatrics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, Sichuang, China
| | - Biao Cheng
- Department of Geriatrics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, Sichuang, China
| | - Xiaohan Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, Sichuang, China
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13
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Lakbar I, Leone M. An insight depicting estradiol pathway in sepsis. Minerva Anestesiol 2021; 87:505-507. [PMID: 33591153 DOI: 10.23736/s0375-9393.21.15550-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ines Lakbar
- Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Hôpital Nord, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France - .,Departement of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Toulouse, France -
| | - Marc Leone
- Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Hôpital Nord, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
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14
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Findikli HA, Erdoğan M. Serum G protein-coupled estrogen receptor-1 levels and its relation with death in patients with sepsis: a prospective study. Minerva Anestesiol 2021; 87:549-555. [PMID: 33591138 DOI: 10.23736/s0375-9393.20.14855-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sex hormone estrogen has an immune-supporting role in both trauma and sepsis-related to its immune-modulator role. The aim of the current study was to examine the prognostic role of (serum G Protein-coupled estrogen receptor-1) GPER-1 in sepsis and sepsis-related mortality. METHODS Prospective evaluation was made of the data on a total 160 patients followed-up in the Intensive Care Unit because of sepsis. Patients were separated into two groups as survivor and non-survivor group. The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) Score, APACHE II Score and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) were calculated for each patient. Serum GPER-1 levels were evaluated for each patient. RESULTS Compared with non-survivors, the surviving patients were determined with significantly higher levels of PLT, CRP, GPER-1, SOFA, and APACHE II scores. The GPER-1 levels showed a significant positive correlation with CRP levels, SOFA, and APACHE II scores. ROC curve analysis demonstrated 85.7% sensitivity and 72.1% specificity of GPER-1 to predict 28-day mortality. GPER-1 and APACHE II scores were determined to be an independent prognostic factor for predicting mortality. CONCLUSIONS Serum GPER-1 can be used as a new prognostic factor for survival in patients diagnosed with sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hüseyin A Findikli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kahramanmaraş Necip Fazil City Hospital, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey -
| | - Murat Erdoğan
- Department of Intensive Care Unit and Internal Diseases, Adana City Training And Research Hospital, Adana, Turkey
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15
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Ramírez-de-Arellano A, Pereira-Suárez AL, Rico-Fuentes C, López-Pulido EI, Villegas-Pineda JC, Sierra-Diaz E. Distribution and Effects of Estrogen Receptors in Prostate Cancer: Associated Molecular Mechanisms. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:811578. [PMID: 35087479 PMCID: PMC8786725 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.811578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogens are hormones that have been extensively presented in many types of cancer such as breast, uterus, colorectal, prostate, and others, due to dynamically integrated signaling cascades that coordinate cellular growth, differentiation, and death which can be potentially new therapeutic targets. Despite the historical use of estrogens in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer (PCa), their biological effect is not well known, nor their role in carcinogenesis or the mechanisms used to carry their therapeutic effects of neoplastic in prostate transformation. The expression and regulation of the estrogen receptors (ERs) ERα, ERβ, and GPER stimulated by agonists and antagonists, and related to prostate cancer cells are herein reviewed. Subsequently, the structures of the ERs and their splice variants, the binding of ligands to ERs, and the effect on PCa are provided. Finally, we also assessed the contribution of molecular simulation which can help us to search and predict potential estrogenic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Ramírez-de-Arellano
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Ana Laura Pereira-Suárez
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Cecilia Rico-Fuentes
- Centro Universitario de los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tepatitlán de Morelos, Mexico
| | - Edgar Iván López-Pulido
- Centro Universitario de los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tepatitlán de Morelos, Mexico
| | - Julio César Villegas-Pineda
- Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Erick Sierra-Diaz
- Departamentos de Clínicas Quirúrgicas y Salud Pública, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- Departamento de Urología, Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Guadalajara, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Erick Sierra-Diaz,
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16
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Mallet C, Boudieu L, Lamoine S, Coudert C, Jacquot Y, Eschalier A. The Antitumor Peptide ERα17p Exerts Anti-Hyperalgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Actions Through GPER in Mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:578250. [PMID: 33815268 PMCID: PMC8011567 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.578250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent inflammation and persistent pain are major medical, social and economic burdens. As such, related pharmacotherapy needs to be continuously improved. The peptide ERα17p, which originates from a part of the hinge region/AF2 domain of the human estrogen receptor α (ERα), exerts anti-proliferative effects in breast cancer cells through a mechanism involving the hepta-transmembrane G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER). It is able to decrease the size of xenografted human breast tumors, in mice. As GPER has been reported to participate in pain and inflammation, we were interested in exploring the potential of ERα17p in this respect. We observed that the peptide promoted anti-hyperalgesic effects from 2.5 mg/kg in a chronic mice model of paw inflammation induced by the pro-inflammatory complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). This action was abrogated by the specific GPER antagonist G-15, leading to the conclusion that a GPER-dependent mechanism was involved. A systemic administration of a Cy5-labeled version of the peptide allowed its detection in both, the spinal cord and brain. However, ERα17p-induced anti-hyperalgesia was detected at the supraspinal level, exclusively. In the second part of the study, we have assessed the anti-inflammatory action of ERα17p in mice using a carrageenan-evoked hind-paw inflammation model. A systemic administration of ERα17p at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg was responsible for reduced paw swelling. Overall, our work strongly suggests that GPER inverse agonists, including ERα17p, could be used to control hyperalgesia and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Mallet
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INSERM, NEURO-DOL Basics & Clinical Pharmacology of Pain, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- ANALGESIA Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- *Correspondence: Christophe Mallet,
| | - Ludivine Boudieu
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INSERM, NEURO-DOL Basics & Clinical Pharmacology of Pain, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- ANALGESIA Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Sylvain Lamoine
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INSERM, NEURO-DOL Basics & Clinical Pharmacology of Pain, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- ANALGESIA Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Catherine Coudert
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INSERM, NEURO-DOL Basics & Clinical Pharmacology of Pain, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- ANALGESIA Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Yves Jacquot
- Université de Paris, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, CiTCoM, CNRS UMR 8038, INSERM U1268, Paris, France
| | - Alain Eschalier
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INSERM, NEURO-DOL Basics & Clinical Pharmacology of Pain, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- ANALGESIA Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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17
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Boscaro C, Trenti A, Baggio C, Scapin C, Trevisi L, Cignarella A, Bolego C. Sex Differences in the Pro-Angiogenic Response of Human Endothelial Cells: Focus on PFKFB3 and FAK Activation. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:587221. [PMID: 33390959 PMCID: PMC7773665 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.587221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Female hormones and sex-specific factors are established determinants of endothelial function, yet their relative contribution to human endothelium phenotypes has not been defined. Using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) genotyped by donor's sex, we investigated the influence of sex and estrogenic agents on the main steps of the angiogenic process and on key proteins governing HUVEC metabolism and migratory properties. HUVECs from female donors (fHUVECs) showed increased viability (p < 0.01) and growth rate (p < 0.01) compared with those from males (mHUVECs). Despite higher levels of G-protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) in fHUVECs (p < 0.001), treatment with 17β-estradiol (E2) and the selective GPER agonist G1 (both 1-100 nM) did not affect HUVEC viability. Migration and tubularization in vitro under physiological conditions were higher in fHUVECs than in mHUVECs (p < 0.05). E2 treatment (1-100 nM) upregulated the glycolytic activator PFKFB3 with higher potency in fHUVECs than in mHUVECs, despite comparable baseline levels. Moreover, Y576/577 phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) was markedly enhanced in fHUVECs (p < 0.001), despite comparable Src activation levels. While the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 (25 µM) inhibited HUVEC migration (p < 0.05), Akt phosphorylation levels in fHUVECs and mHUVECs were comparable. Finally, digitoxin treatment, which inhibits Y576/577 FAK phosphorylation, abolished sexual dimorphism in HUVEC migration. These findings unravel complementary modulation of HUVEC functional phenotypes and signaling molecules involved in angiogenesis by hormone microenvironment and sex-specific factors, and highlight the need for sex-oriented pharmacological targeting of endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Boscaro
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Baggio
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Scapin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Lucia Trevisi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Bolego
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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18
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Zhou C, Li P, Han M, Gao X. Daidzein stimulates fatty acid-induced fat deposition in C2C12 myoblast cells via the G protein-coupled receptor 30 pathway. Anim Biotechnol 2020; 33:851-863. [PMID: 33164657 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2020.1842749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Fat deposition in skeletal muscle is an important aspect of improving meat quality. Isoflavones can promote animal anabolism, but whether and how they regulate muscle fat deposition remain largely unclear. In this study, we explored the role and corresponding molecular mechanism of one of the major isoflavones, daidzein, in fat deposition in C2C12 myoblast cells. In the absence of fatty acids (FAs), daidzein did not promote triglyceride synthesis and lipid droplet formation in cells but increased sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c) expression and maturation. In the presence of FAs, daidzein enhanced FAs-induced fat deposition and the SREBP-1c signaling. Daidzein promoted FAs-induced nuclear factor κB1 (NFκB1) phosphorylation and activated the SREBP-1c signaling in a PI3K-dependent manner. G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) knockdown but not estrogen receptor α (ERα) knockdown blocked the stimulation of daidzein on the PI3K-NFκB1-SREBP-1c signaling pathway, while both knockdown did not affect the stimulation of FAs on this signaling. qRT-PCR and ChIP-qPCR further detected that daidzein stimulated NFκB1-targeted SREBP-1c transcription. Daidzein did not affect ERα expression in cells, but it stimulated GPR30 expression and cytoplasmic localization. These results reveal that daidzein promotes FAs-induced fat deposition through the GPR30 signaling in C2C12 myoblast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjian Zhou
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Ping Li
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Meihong Han
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Xuejun Gao
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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19
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Wang C, Jin E, Deng J, Pei Y, Ren M, Hu Q, Gu Y, Li S. GPR30 mediated effects of boron on rat spleen lymphocyte proliferation, apoptosis, and immune function. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 146:111838. [PMID: 33137424 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Supplementing different quantities of boron can significantly affect immune function in rat spleen, but the mechanism of action behind this effect remains unclear. Our purpose was to study the involvement of the estrogen membrane receptor GPR30 in the effect of boron on the proliferation, apoptosis, and immune function of rat spleen lymphocytes. Results showed that the addition of 0.4 mmol/L boron had a beneficial effect on the immune function and proliferation of spleen lymphocytes, but the addition of 40 mmol/L boron had opposite effect. After using G-15 to selectively inhibit GPR30, the proportions of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, the content of IL-2 and IFN-γ, and the expression of PCNA protein were significantly decreased, while lymphocyte apoptosis rate increased significantly (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). After G-15 treatment, the addition of 0.4 mmol/L boron had no effects on T cell subsets, lymphocyte proliferation, PCNA protein expression, and IgG and cytokine content (P > 0.05), while the addition of 40 mmol/L boron did not change the effects on lymphocyte subsets, proliferation and apoptosis. The results suggested that GPR30 mediates the effects of 0.4 mmol/L boron boron on the proliferation, apoptosis and immune function of spleen lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenfang Wang
- College of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, No. 9, Donghua Road, Fengyang, Chuzhou, Anhui, 233100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Erhui Jin
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, No. 9, Donghua Road, Fengyang, Chuzhou, Anhui, 233100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Juan Deng
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, No. 9, Donghua Road, Fengyang, Chuzhou, Anhui, 233100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yaqiong Pei
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, No. 9, Donghua Road, Fengyang, Chuzhou, Anhui, 233100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Man Ren
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, No. 9, Donghua Road, Fengyang, Chuzhou, Anhui, 233100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qianqian Hu
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, No. 9, Donghua Road, Fengyang, Chuzhou, Anhui, 233100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Youfang Gu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health, No. 9, Donghua Road, Fengyang, Chuzhou, Anhui, 233100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shenghe Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health, No. 9, Donghua Road, Fengyang, Chuzhou, Anhui, 233100, People's Republic of China.
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Gohar EY. G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 as a novel regulator of blood pressure. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020; 319:F612-F617. [PMID: 32893662 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00045.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying hypertension are multifaceted and incompletely understood. New evidence suggests that G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1) mediates protective actions within the cardiovascular and renal systems. This mini-review focuses on recent advancements in our understanding of the vascular, renal, and cardiac GPER1-mediated mechanisms that influence blood pressure regulation. We emphasize clinical and basic evidence that suggests GPER1 as a novel target to aid therapeutic strategies for hypertension. Furthermore, we discuss current controversies and challenges facing GPER1-related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Y Gohar
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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21
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Estrogen Receptors and Estrogen-Induced Uterine Vasodilation in Pregnancy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124349. [PMID: 32570961 PMCID: PMC7352873 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal pregnancy is associated with dramatic increases in uterine blood flow to facilitate the bidirectional maternal–fetal exchanges of respiratory gases and to provide sole nutrient support for fetal growth and survival. The mechanism(s) underlying pregnancy-associated uterine vasodilation remain incompletely understood, but this is associated with elevated estrogens, which stimulate specific estrogen receptor (ER)-dependent vasodilator production in the uterine artery (UA). The classical ERs (ERα and ERβ) and the plasma-bound G protein-coupled ER (GPR30/GPER) are expressed in UA endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells, mediating the vasodilatory effects of estrogens through genomic and/or nongenomic pathways that are likely epigenetically modified. The activation of these three ERs by estrogens enhances the endothelial production of nitric oxide (NO), which has been shown to play a key role in uterine vasodilation during pregnancy. However, the local blockade of NO biosynthesis only partially attenuates estrogen-induced and pregnancy-associated uterine vasodilation, suggesting that mechanisms other than NO exist to mediate uterine vasodilation. In this review, we summarize the literature on the role of NO in ER-mediated mechanisms controlling estrogen-induced and pregnancy-associated uterine vasodilation and our recent work on a “new” UA vasodilator hydrogen sulfide (H2S) that has dramatically changed our view of how estrogens regulate uterine vasodilation in pregnancy.
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22
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Zuo D, Wang F, Rong W, Wen Y, Sun K, Zhao X, Ren X, He Z, Ding N, Ma L, Xu F. The novel estrogen receptor GPER1 decreases epilepsy severity and susceptivity in the hippocampus after status epilepticus. Neurosci Lett 2020; 728:134978. [PMID: 32302699 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.134978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The steroid hormone 17β-estradiol (estrogen) exerts neuroprotective effects in several types of neurological disorders including epilepsy. The novel G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1), also called GPR30, mediates the non-genomic effects of 17β-estradiol. However, the specific role of GPER1 in status epilepticus (SE) remains unclear. In this report, we evaluated the effects of GPER1 on the hippocampus during SE and the underlying mechanism was studied. Our results revealed that pilocarpine-induced GPER1-KD epileptic rats exhibited a shorter latency to generalized convulsions and strikingly elevated seizure severity. Additionally, the electroencephalographic seizure activity also corresponded to these results. Fast-Fourier analysis indicated an enhancement of power in the theta and alpha bands during SE in GPER1-KD rats. In addition, epilepsy-induced pathological changes were dramatically exacerbated in GPER1-KD rats, including neuron damage and neuroinflammation in hippocampus. GPER1 might be associated with the susceptibility to and severity of epileptic seizures. In summary, our results suggested that GPER1 plays a neuroprotective role in SE, and might be a candidate target for epilepsy therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zuo
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Incubation Base of the National Key Laboratory, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Incubation Base of the National Key Laboratory, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001, China; Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, 804 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001, China
| | - Weifang Rong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yujun Wen
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Incubation Base of the National Key Laboratory, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001, China
| | - Kuisheng Sun
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Incubation Base of the National Key Laboratory, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001, China; Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, 804 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001, China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001, China
| | - Xiaofan Ren
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Incubation Base of the National Key Laboratory, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001, China
| | - Zhenquan He
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Incubation Base of the National Key Laboratory, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001, China
| | - Na Ding
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Incubation Base of the National Key Laboratory, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Incubation Base of the National Key Laboratory, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001, China
| | - Fang Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001, China.
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Zeng Z, Mukherjee A, Varghese AP, Yang XL, Chen S, Zhang H. Roles of G protein-coupled receptors in inflammatory bowel disease. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:1242-1261. [PMID: 32256014 PMCID: PMC7109274 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i12.1242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex disease with multiple pathogenic factors. Although the pathogenesis of IBD is still unclear, a current hypothesis suggests that genetic susceptibility, environmental factors, a dysfunctional immune system, the microbiome, and the interactions of these factors substantially contribute to the occurrence and development of IBD. Although existing and emerging drugs have been proven to be effective in treating IBD, none can cure IBD permanently. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are critical signaling molecules implicated in the immune response, cell proliferation, inflammation regulation and intestinal barrier maintenance. Breakthroughs in the understanding of the structures and functions of GPCRs have provided a driving force for exploring the roles of GPCRs in the pathogenesis of diseases, thereby leading to the development of GPCR-targeted medication. To date, a number of GPCRs have been shown to be associated with IBD, significantly advancing the drug discovery process for IBD. The associations between GPCRs and disease activity, disease severity, and disease phenotypes have also paved new avenues for the precise management of patients with IBD. In this review, we mainly focus on the roles of the most studied proton-sensing GPCRs, cannabinoid receptors, and estrogen-related GPCRs in the pathogenesis of IBD and their potential clinical values in IBD and some other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 410061, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Arjudeb Mukherjee
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 410061, Sichuan Province, China
| | | | - Xiao-Li Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 410061, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Sha Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 410061, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 410061, Sichuan Province, China
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Sarchielli E, Guarnieri G, Idrizaj E, Squecco R, Mello T, Comeglio P, Gallina P, Maggi M, Vannelli GB, Morelli A. The G protein-coupled oestrogen receptor, GPER1, mediates direct anti-inflammatory effects of oestrogens in human cholinergic neurones from the nucleus basalis of Meynert. J Neuroendocrinol 2020; 32:e12837. [PMID: 32077170 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
It has been well established, particularly in animal models, that oestrogens exert neuroprotective effects in brain areas linked to cognitive processes. A key protective role could reside in the capacity of oestrogen to modulate the inflammatory response. However, the direct neuroprotective actions of oestrogens on neurones are complex and remain to be fully clarified. In the present study, we took advantage of a previously characterised primary culture of human cholinergic neurones (hfNBM) from the foetal nucleus basalis of Meynert, which is known to regulate hippocampal and neocortical learning and memory circuits, aiming to investigate the direct effects of oestrogens under inflammatory conditions. Exposure of cells to tumour necrosis factor (TNF)α (10 ng mL-1 ) determined the activation of an inflammatory response, as demonstrated by nuclear factor-kappa B p65 nuclear translocation and cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA expression. These effects were inhibited by treatment with either 17β-oestradiol (E2 ) (10 nmol L-1 ) or G1 (100 nmol L-1 ), the selective agonist of the G protein-coupled oestrogen receptor (GPER1). Interestingly, the GPER1 antagonist G15 abolished the effects of E2 in TNFα-treated cells, whereas the ERα/ERβ inhibitor tamoxifen did not. Electrophysiological measurements in hfNBMs revealed a depolarising effect caused by E2 that was specifically blocked by tamoxifen and not by G15. Conversely, G1 specifically hyperpolarised the cell membrane and also increased both inward and outward currents elicited by a depolarising stimulus, suggesting a modulatory action on hfNBM excitability by GPER1 activation. Interestingly, pretreating cells with TNFα completely blocked the effects of G1 on membrane properties and also significantly reduced GPER1 mRNA expression. In addition, we found a peculiar subcellular localisation of GPER1 to focal adhesion sites that implicates new possible mechanisms of action of GPER1 in the neuronal perception of mechanical stimuli. The results obtained in the present study indicate a modulatory functional role of GPER1 with respect to mediating the oestrogen neuroprotective effect against inflammation in brain cholinergic neurones and, accordingly, may help to identify protective strategies for preventing cognitive impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Sarchielli
- Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Guarnieri
- Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Eglantina Idrizaj
- Section of Physiological Sciences, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Roberta Squecco
- Section of Physiological Sciences, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Tommaso Mello
- Clinical Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Paolo Comeglio
- Sexual Medicine and Andrology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Pasquale Gallina
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Neurosurgery School of Tuscany, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mario Maggi
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Gabriella B Vannelli
- Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Annamaria Morelli
- Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Notas G, Kampa M, Castanas E. G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor in Immune Cells and Its Role in Immune-Related Diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:579420. [PMID: 33133022 PMCID: PMC7564022 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.579420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1), is a functional estrogen receptor involved in estrogen related actions on several systems including processes of the nervous, reproductive, metabolic, cardiovascular, and immune system. Regarding the latter, GPER is expressed in peripheral B and T lymphocytes as well as in monocytes, eosinophils, and neutrophils. Several studies have implicated GPER in immune-mediated diseases like multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and atherosclerosis-related inflammation, while a recent report suggests that its deletion could be responsible for a form of familial immunodeficiency. It has also been suggested that it is a key regulator of immune-mediated events in breast, pancreatic, prostate, and hepatocellular cancer as well as in melanoma. GPER has been also reported to interact with classic ER-alpha or its splice variants in order to modify immune functions. This review aims to present current knowledge relating GPER to immune functions, the cellular and signaling pathways involved, as well as the potential clinical implications of GPER modulation in immune-related diseases.
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Luo J, Liu D. Does GPER Really Function as a G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor in vivo? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:148. [PMID: 32296387 PMCID: PMC7137379 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen can elicit pleiotropic cellular responses via a diversity of estrogen receptors (ERs)-mediated genomic and rapid non-genomic mechanisms. Unlike the genomic responses, where the classical nuclear ERα and ERβ act as transcriptional factors following estrogen binding to regulate gene transcription in estrogen target tissues, the non-genomic cellular responses to estrogen are believed to start at the plasma membrane, leading to rapid activation of second messengers-triggered cytoplasmic signal transduction cascades. The recently acknowledged ER, GPR30 or GPER, was discovered in human breast cancer cells two decades ago and subsequently in many other cells. Since its discovery, it has been claimed that estrogen, ER antagonist fulvestrant, as well as some estrogenic compounds can directly bind to GPER, and therefore initiate the non-genomic cellular responses. Various recently developed genetic tools as well as chemical ligands greatly facilitated research aimed at determining the physiological roles of GPER in different tissues. However, there is still lack of evidence that GPER plays a significant role in mediating endogenous estrogen action in vivo. This review summarizes current knowledge about GPER, including its tissue expression and cellular localization, with emphasis on the research findings elucidating its role in health and disease. Understanding the role of GPER in estrogen signaling will provide opportunities for the development of new therapeutic strategies to strengthen the benefits of estrogen while limiting the potential side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Luo
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Dongmin Liu
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
- *Correspondence: Dongmin Liu
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27
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Xie M, Liang JL, Huang HD, Wang MJ, Zhang T, Yang XF. Low Doses of Nonylphenol Promote Growth of Colon Cancer Cells through Activation of ERK1/2 via G Protein‒Coupled Receptor 30. Cancer Res Treat 2019; 51:1620-1631. [PMID: 31096733 PMCID: PMC6790866 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2018.340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Nonylphenol (NP) is an endocrine disruptor found in products such as cleaners, plastics, and detergents. It exerts actions similar to endogenous 17β-estradiol (E2) and is reported to influence various cancers. However, its role in colon cancer remains elusive. Materials and Methods Colon cancer cell lines COLO 205 and SW480 were employed in our study. The cells were treated with NP or E2 followed by measurement of apoptosis and proliferation using flow cytometry and MTT assays, respectively. G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 30 (GPR30) expression was visualized using immunofluorescence and Western blot. To investigate the underlying mechanism, the expression levels of GPR30, p-protein kinase A (PKA), c-myc, cyclin D1, and ERK1/2 were analyzed using Western blot. Meanwhile, the GPR30 antagonist G15 was utilized to validate the role of GPR30 in colon cancer progression. Finally, the effect of a GPR30 inhibitor on tumor growth was determined in vivo using tumor xenograft mouse models. RESULTS NP facilitated the proliferation of colon cancer cells and induced apoptosis failure in vitro. Western blot revealed increased GPR30 expression levels in response to NP treatment. Cyclin D1, p-PKA, c-myc, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen, proteins that regulate the cell cycle, were all upregulated by NP, and NP-mediated ERK1/2 activation and subsequent cell proliferation were abrogated by the GPR30 inhibitor G15. Moreover, colon cancer mice that received G15 administration demonstrated impaired tumor growth in vivo. CONCLUSION Low dose NP promotes the growth of colon tumors through GPR30-mediated activation of ERK1/2 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Xie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Jin-Long Liang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Han-Dong Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Mai-Jian Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Xue-Feng Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
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28
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Toxicological Effects of Traumatic Acid and Selected Herbicides on Human Breast Cancer Cells: In Vitro Cytotoxicity Assessment of Analyzed Compounds. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24091710. [PMID: 31052542 PMCID: PMC6539929 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24091710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The main consequence of herbicides use is the presence of their residues in food of plant origin. A growing body of evidence indicates that herbicides cause detrimental effects upon human health while demonstrating a direct link of pesticides exposure with the occurrence of human chronic diseases, including cancer. There is a pressing need to develop our knowledge regarding interactions of food contaminants and food components both in vitro and in vivo. Pesticides are highly undesirable food contaminants, and traumatic acid (TA) is a very beneficial food ingredient, therefore we decided to study if TA may act as a compound that delays the stimulatory effect of pesticides on breast cancer cells. To analyze the potential effects that selected herbicides (MCPA, mesotrione, bifenox and dichlobenil) may have upon cancerous cells, we conducted studies of the cytotoxicity of physiological concentrations of four pesticides and the mix of TA with tested herbicides in three different breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, ZR-75-1 and MDA-MB-231) and one normal healthy breast cell line MCF-12A. Based on the obtained results we conclude that TA in a concentration-dependent manner might influence selected effects of the studied herbicides for particular cancer cells lines.
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G protein-coupled estrogen receptor mediates anti-inflammatory action in Crohn's disease. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6749. [PMID: 31043642 PMCID: PMC6494840 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43233-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogens exert immunomodulatory action in many autoimmune diseases. Accumulating evidence highlights the meaningful impact of estrogen receptors in physiology and pathophysiology of the colon. However, the significance of G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) on Crohn's disease (CD), one of the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) types, is still elusive. Our study revealed GPER overexpression at the mRNA and protein levels in patients with CD. To evaluate the effects of GPER activation/inhibition on colitis development, a murine 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced model of CD was used. We showed that activation of GPER reduces mortality, improves macroscopic and microscopic scores and lowers C-reactive protein (CRP) level. The impact of estrogen signaling on the suppression of the intestinal inflammation was proved by immunohistochemistry. It was demonstrated that GPER activation is accompanied by modulation of extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway and expression level of genes involved in signal transmission and immune response as well as the expression of some microRNAs (miR-145, miR-148-5p and miR-592). Our study revealed that the membrane-bound estrogen receptor GPER mediates anti-inflammatory action and seems to be a potent therapeutic target in maintaining remission in CD.
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30
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Gebhart VM, Caldwell JD, Rodewald A, Kalyvianaki K, Kampa M, Jirikowski GF. Estrogen receptors and sex hormone binding globulin in neuronal cells and tissue. Steroids 2019; 142:94-99. [PMID: 30030052 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2018.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Estrogens exert a critical influence on neuronal tissues and cells. As demonstrated in many clinical studies, estrogens are neuroprotective to the extent that they improve prognosis for women with neurodegenerative diseases. Unfortunately, we still do not know exactly how these effects are mediated. Fifty years ago the first estrogen receptor was found, but since then many other new pathways of estrogen action have been identified. This review describes several of these pathways of estrogen effects and provides some conclusions and correlations about these as determined by recent studies with nerve growth factor differentiated rat pheochromocytoma cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jack D Caldwell
- Department of Pharmacology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Spartanburg, SC, United States
| | | | - Konstantina Kalyvianaki
- Laboratory of Experimental Endocrinology, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Marilena Kampa
- Laboratory of Experimental Endocrinology, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
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Cortes E, Sarper M, Robinson B, Lachowski D, Chronopoulos A, Thorpe SD, Lee DA, Del Río Hernández AE. GPER is a mechanoregulator of pancreatic stellate cells and the tumor microenvironment. EMBO Rep 2019; 20:e46556. [PMID: 30538117 PMCID: PMC6322386 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201846556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanical properties of the tumor microenvironment are emerging as attractive targets for the development of therapies. Tamoxifen, an agonist of the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER), is widely used to treat estrogen-positive breast cancer. Here, we show that tamoxifen mechanically reprograms the tumor microenvironment through a newly identified GPER-mediated mechanism. Tamoxifen inhibits the myofibroblastic differentiation of pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) in the tumor microenvironment of pancreatic cancer in an acto-myosin-dependent manner via RhoA-mediated contractility, YAP deactivation, and GPER signaling. This hampers the ability of PSCs to remodel the extracellular matrix and to promote cancer cell invasion. Tamoxifen also reduces the recruitment and polarization to the M2 phenotype of tumor-associated macrophages. Our results highlight GPER as a mechanical regulator of the tumor microenvironment that targets the three hallmarks of pancreatic cancer: desmoplasia, inflammation, and immune suppression. The well-established safety of tamoxifen in clinics may offer the possibility to redirect the singular focus of tamoxifen on the cancer cells to the greater tumor microenvironment and lead a new strategy of drug repurposing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Cortes
- Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Muge Sarper
- Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Benjamin Robinson
- Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Dariusz Lachowski
- Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Antonios Chronopoulos
- Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Stephen D Thorpe
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - David A Lee
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Armando E Del Río Hernández
- Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
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32
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Tamoxifen mechanically deactivates hepatic stellate cells via the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor. Oncogene 2018; 38:2910-2922. [PMID: 30575816 PMCID: PMC6755965 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0631-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tamoxifen has been used for many years to target estrogen receptor signalling in breast cancer cells. Tamoxifen is also an agonist of the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER), a GPCR ubiquitously expressed in tissues that mediates the acute response to estrogens. Here we report that tamoxifen promotes mechanical quiescence in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), stromal fibroblast-like cells whose activation triggers and perpetuates liver fibrosis in hepatocellular carcinomas. This mechanical deactivation is mediated by the GPER/RhoA/myosin axis and induces YAP deactivation. We report that tamoxifen decreases the levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) and the synthesis of extracellular matrix proteins through a mechanical mechanism that involves actomyosin-dependent contractility and mechanosensing of tissue stiffness. Our results implicate GPER-mediated estrogen signalling in the mechanosensory-driven activation of HSCs and put forward estrogenic signalling as an option for mechanical reprogramming of myofibroblast-like cells in the tumour microenvironment. Tamoxifen, with half a century of safe clinical use, might lead this strategy of drug repositioning.
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Hwang HV, Lin Y, Rebuffatti MN, Tran DT, Lee L, Gomes AV, Li CS, Knowlton AA. Impaired proteostasis in senescent vascular endothelial cells: a perspective on estrogen and oxidative stress in the aging vasculature. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2018; 316:H421-H429. [PMID: 30499713 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00318.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The heat shock response is an important cytoprotective mechanism for protein homeostasis and is an essential protective response to cellular stress and injury. Studies on changes in the heat shock response with aging have been mixed with regard to whether it is inhibited, and this, at least in part, reflects different tissues and different models. Cellular senescence is a key feature in aging, but work on the heat shock response in cultured senescent (SEN) cells has largely been limited to fibroblasts. Given the prevalence of oxidative injury in the aging cardiovascular system, we investigated whether SEN primary human coronary artery endothelial cells have a diminished heat shock response and impaired proteostasis. In addition, we tested whether this downregulation of heat shock response can be mitigated by 17β-estradiol (E2), which has a critical cardioprotective role in women, as we have previously reported that E2 improves the heat shock response in endothelial cells (Hamilton KL, Mbai FN, Gupta S, Knowlton AA. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 24: 1628-1633, 2004). We found that SEN endothelial cells, despite their unexpectedly increased proteasome activity, had a diminished heat shock response and had more protein aggregation than early passage cells. SEN cells had increased oxidative stress, which promoted protein aggregation. E2 treatment did not decrease protein aggregation or improve the heat shock response in either early passage or SEN cells. In summary, cellular senescence in adult human endothelial cells is accompanied by increased oxidative stress and a blunting of proteostasis, and E2 did not mitigate these changes. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Senescent human endothelial cells have a diminished heat shock response and increased protein aggregates. Senescent human endothelial cells have increased basal oxidative stress, which increases protein aggregates. Physiological level of 17β-estradiol did not improve proteostasis in endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- HyunTae V Hwang
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Yun Lin
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Michelle N Rebuffatti
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Darlene T Tran
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Lily Lee
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Aldrin V Gomes
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, Davis, California.,Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Chin-Shang Li
- School of Nursing, The State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Anne A Knowlton
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Sacramento, California.,Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, California.,Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, California
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Olave C, Alvarez P, Uberti B, Morales N, Henriquez C, Folch H, Sarmiento J, Moran G. Tamoxifen induces apoptosis and inhibits respiratory burst in equine neutrophils independently of estrogen receptors. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2018; 42:248-254. [PMID: 30345523 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils play an important role in the exacerbation and maintenance of severe equine asthma; persistent neutrophil activity and delayed apoptosis can be harmful to surrounding tissues. Tamoxifen (TX) is a nonsteroidal estrogen receptor modulator with immunomodulatory effects and induces early apoptosis of blood and bronchoalveolar lavage neutrophils from horses with acute lung inflammation. This study investigated if the in vitro effects of tamoxifen are produced by its action on nuclear (α and β) and membrane (GPR30) estrogen receptors in healthy equine neutrophils. Results showed that TX inhibits neutrophil respiratory burst induced by opsonized zymosan in a dose-dependent manner. Nuclear (17-β-Estradiol) and GPR30 cell membrane (G1) estrogen receptor agonists and their antagonists (ICI 182,780 and G15, respectively) do not block or reproduce the effect of TX. Therefore, TX does not inhibit respiratory burst through estrogen receptors. TX (8.5 μM) also increased phosphatidylserine translocation, a marker of early apoptosis, which did not occur with any of the estrogen receptor agonists or antagonists. Thus, tamoxifen generates dose-dependent inhibition of respiratory burst and increased early apoptosis in healthy equine neutrophils, independently of nuclear or membrane estrogen receptors. Further studies are necessary to explore the signaling pathways of tamoxifen-induced ROS inhibition and phosphatidylserine translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Olave
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Pamela Alvarez
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Benjamin Uberti
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Natalia Morales
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Claudio Henriquez
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Hugo Folch
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Jose Sarmiento
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Gabriel Moran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
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Landeros RV, Pastore MB, Magness RR. Effects of the Catechol and Methoxy Metabolites of 17β-Estradiol on Nitric Oxide Production by Ovine Uterine Artery Endothelial Cells. Reprod Sci 2018; 26:459-468. [PMID: 29929429 DOI: 10.1177/1933719118783265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) production is essential to facilitate rises in uterine blood flow (UBF) during pregnancy. It has been proposed that the metabolites of E2β, 2-hydroxyestradiol (2-OHE2), 4-hydroxyestradiol (4-OHE2), 2-methoxyestradiol (2-ME2), and 4-methoxyestradiol (4-ME2) play a role in mediating vasodilation and rises in UBF during pregnancy. We previously showed that the E2β metabolites stimulate prostacyclin production in pregnancy-derived ovine uterine artery endothelial cells (P-UAECs); however, it is unknown whether the E2β metabolites also induce NO production. Herein, UAECs derived from nonpregnant and pregnant ewes were used to test the hypothesis that E2β metabolites stimulate NO production in a pregnancy-specific manner. Specific estrogen receptor (ER) and adrenergic receptor (AR) antagonists were used to determine the roles of ERs or ARs in E2β metabolite-induced NO production. E2β and its metabolites increased total nitric oxide metabolites (NOx) levels (NO2 + NO3) in P-UAECs, but not in NP-UAECs. Pretreatment with combined 1 µmol/L 1,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-methyl-5-[4-(2-piperidinylethoxy)phenol]-1H-pyrazole dihydrochloride (MPP; ER-α antagonist) and 1 µmol/L 4-[2-phenyl-5,7-bis(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl]phenol (PHTPP; ER-β antagonist) inhibited the rises in NOx levels stimulated by E2β and 2-ME2, but had no effect on 2-OHE2-, 4-OHE2-, or 4-ME2-stimulated rises in NOx levels. Pretreatment with yohimbine (α2-AR antagonist) and propranolol (β2,3-AR antagonist) inhibited the rises in NOx levels stimulated by 2-OHE2, but not by E2β, 4-OHE2, 2-ME2, or 4-ME2. These data demonstrate that E2β metabolites stimulate NO synthesis via ERs or ARs in UAECs in a pregnancy-specific manner, suggesting that these metabolites contribute to rises in vasodilation and UBF during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalina Villalon Landeros
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perinatal Research Laboratories, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mayra B Pastore
- 2 Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ronald R Magness
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perinatal Research Laboratories, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,3 Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,4 Department of Animal Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,5 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Morsani College of Medicine, Perinatal Research Vascular Center, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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36
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Luo J, Wang A, Zhen W, Wang Y, Si H, Jia Z, Alkhalidy H, Cheng Z, Gilbert E, Xu B, Liu D. Phytonutrient genistein is a survival factor for pancreatic β-cells via GPR30-mediated mechanism. J Nutr Biochem 2018; 58:59-70. [PMID: 29885598 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We previously discovered that phytonutrient genistein rapidly activates cAMP signaling in β-cells and improves islet mass in diabetic mice. However, the mechanism underlying these actions of genistein is still unclear. Here, we show that pharmacological or molecular inhibition of Gαs blocked genistein-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in plasma membrane and intracellular cAMP production in INS1 cells and islets. Further, genistein stimulation of cAMP generation was abolished in islets exposed to a specific GPR30 inhibitor G15 or islets from GPR30 deficient (GPR30-/-) mice. In vivo, dietary provision of genistein (0.5 g/kg diet) significantly mitigated streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia in male WT mice, which was associated with improved blood insulin levels and pancreatic islet mass and survival, whereas these effects were absent in Gpr30-/- mice. Genistein treatment promoted survival of INS1 cells and human islets chronically exposed to palmitate and high glucose. At molecular level, genistein activated CREB phosphorylation and subsequently induced Bcl-2 expression, and knockdown of CREB diminished the protective effect of genistein on β-cells induced by lipoglucotoxicity. Finally, deletion of GPR30 in β-cells or islets ablated genistein-induced CREB phosphorylation and its cytoprotective effect. These findings demonstrate that genistein is a survival factor for β-cells via GPR30-initiated, Gαs-mediated activation of CREB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Luo
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Aihua Wang
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Wei Zhen
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Hongwei Si
- Department of Human Sciences, College of Agriculture, Human, and Natural Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN
| | - Zhenquan Jia
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC
| | - Hana Alkhalidy
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA; Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Zhiyong Cheng
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Elizabeth Gilbert
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Dongmin Liu
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA.
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Mouat MA, Coleman JLJ, Smith NJ. GPCRs in context: sexual dimorphism in the cardiovascular system. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:4047-4059. [PMID: 29451687 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the largest cause of mortality worldwide, and there is a clear gender gap in disease occurrence, with men being predisposed to earlier onset of CVD, including atherosclerosis and hypertension, relative to women. Oestrogen may be a driving factor for female-specific cardioprotection, though androgens and sex chromosomes are also likely to contribute to sexual dimorphism in the cardiovascular system (CVS). Many GPCR-mediated processes are involved in cardiovascular homeostasis, and some exhibit clear sex divergence. Here, we focus on the G protein-coupled oestrogen receptor, endothelin receptors ETA and ETB and the eicosanoid G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), discussing the evidence and potential mechanisms leading to gender dimorphic responses in the vasculature. The use of animal models and pharmacological tools has been essential to understanding the role of these receptors in the CVS and will be key to further delineating their sex-specific effects. Ultimately, this may illuminate wider sex differences in cardiovascular pathology and physiology. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Molecular Pharmacology of GPCRs. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.21/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret A Mouat
- Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Division of Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, NSW, Australia
| | - James L J Coleman
- Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Division of Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicola J Smith
- Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Division of Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, NSW, Australia
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Trenti A, Tedesco S, Boscaro C, Trevisi L, Bolego C, Cignarella A. Estrogen, Angiogenesis, Immunity and Cell Metabolism: Solving the Puzzle. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19030859. [PMID: 29543707 PMCID: PMC5877720 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen plays an important role in the regulation of cardiovascular physiology and the immune system by inducing direct effects on multiple cell types including immune and vascular cells. Sex steroid hormones are implicated in cardiovascular protection, including endothelial healing in case of arterial injury and collateral vessel formation in ischemic tissue. Estrogen can exert potent modulation effects at all levels of the innate and adaptive immune systems. Their action is mediated by interaction with classical estrogen receptors (ERs), ERα and ERβ, as well as the more recently identified G-protein coupled receptor 30/G-protein estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1), via both genomic and non-genomic mechanisms. Emerging data from the literature suggest that estrogen deficiency in menopause is associated with an increased potential for an unresolved inflammatory status. In this review, we provide an overview through the puzzle pieces of how 17β-estradiol can influence the cardiovascular and immune systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Trenti
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy.
| | - Serena Tedesco
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129 Padua, Italy.
| | - Carlotta Boscaro
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy.
| | - Lucia Trevisi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy.
| | - Chiara Bolego
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy.
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Iorga A, Cunningham CM, Moazeni S, Ruffenach G, Umar S, Eghbali M. The protective role of estrogen and estrogen receptors in cardiovascular disease and the controversial use of estrogen therapy. Biol Sex Differ 2017; 8:33. [PMID: 29065927 PMCID: PMC5655818 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-017-0152-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 441] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies have previously suggested that premenopausal females have reduced incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) when compared to age-matched males, and the incidence and severity of CVD increases postmenopause. The lower incidence of cardiovascular disease in women during reproductive age is attributed at least in part to estrogen (E2). E2 binds to the traditional E2 receptors (ERs), estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ), as well as the more recently identified G-protein-coupled ER (GPR30), and can exert both genomic and non-genomic actions. This review summarizes the protective role of E2 and its receptors in the cardiovascular system and discusses its underlying mechanisms with an emphasis on oxidative stress, fibrosis, angiogenesis, and vascular function. This review also presents the sexual dimorphic role of ERs in modulating E2 action in cardiovascular disease. The controversies surrounding the clinical use of exogenous E2 as a therapeutic agent for cardiovascular disease in women due to the possible risks of thrombotic events, cancers, and arrhythmia are also discussed. Endogenous local E2 biosynthesis from the conversion of testosterone to E2 via aromatase enzyme offers a novel therapeutic paradigm. Targeting specific ERs in the cardiovascular system may result in novel and possibly safer therapeutic options for cardiovascular protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Iorga
- Present address: Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology/Liver, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Christine M Cunningham
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, BH-160CHS, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-7115, USA
| | - Shayan Moazeni
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, BH-160CHS, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-7115, USA
| | - Gregoire Ruffenach
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, BH-160CHS, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-7115, USA
| | - Soban Umar
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, BH-160CHS, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-7115, USA
| | - Mansoureh Eghbali
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, BH-160CHS, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-7115, USA.
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40
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Lan XF, Zhang XJ, Lin YN, Wang Q, Xu HJ, Zhou LN, Chen PL, Li QY. Estradiol Regulates Txnip and Prevents Intermittent Hypoxia-Induced Vascular Injury. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10318. [PMID: 28871193 PMCID: PMC5583380 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10442-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic intermittent hypoxia (IH) contributes to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)-related cardiovascular diseases through increasing oxidative stress. It has been widely recognized that estradiol decreases the risk for cardiovascular disease, but the estrogen replacement therapy is limited for its side effects. Thioredoxin (Trx) and its endogenous inhibitor, thioredoxin-interacting protein (Txnip), are associated with the protective effect of estradiol in some conditions. In this study, we aimed to explore whether estradiol could protect against IH-induced vascular injury, and the possible effect of Trx-1/Txnip in this process. Forty-eight adult female C57/BL6J mice were randomly divided into 4 groups, ovariectomy combined with IH group, sham operation combined with IH group, IH group and the control group. The mice treated with IH for 8 hrs/day, and 28 days. IH induced the injury of aorta, and ovariectomized mice were more prone to the IH-induced aortic injury, with higher level of oxidative stress. In vitro, estradiol increased Trx-1 level, but decreased the level of Txnip and oxidative stress in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) treated with IH for 16 hrs. Knock-down of Txnip by specific siRNA rescued oxidative stress and apoptosis. In conclusion, estradiol protects against IH-induced vascular injury, partially through the regulation of Trx-1/Txnip pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Fei Lan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1111 West Xianxia Road, Shanghai, 200335, China
| | - Xiu Juan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University School of Medicine, No.12 Middle, Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Ying Ni Lin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Hua Jun Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Li Na Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Pei Li Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Qing Yun Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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Jing Y, Cai D, Chen Q, Xiong Q, Hu T, Yao Y, Lin C, Sun X, Lu Y, Kong X, Wu X, Li Y, Bian H. Liuwei Dihuang soft capsules attenuates endothelial cell apoptosis to prevent atherosclerosis through GPR30-mediated regulation in ovariectomized ApoE-deficient mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 208:185-198. [PMID: 28709892 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Liuwei Dihuang (LWDH), a classical traditional Chinese medicine prescription, has been widely used to prevent and to treat various diseases with symptoms of 'Kidney-Yin' deficiency syndrome for over 1000 years in China. It is commonly used to treat functional decline associated with senile disease and menopausal syndrome, especially memory decline, insomnia, diabetes and osteoporosis. Modern experimental pharmacological studies indicated that the mechanism of LWDH treatment of menopausal syndrome may be associated with enhanced estrogenic effects. However, little attention has been paid to the potential impact of LWDH on atherosclerosis (AS) associated with female menopause. The aim of this study was to evaluate the preventive effects of LWDH intake on an animal model of female menopause AS and to explore the underlying molecular mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS ApoE-/- mice were randomly divided into 4 groups, with C57BN/L6 mice as the control group. All ApoE-/- mice were ovariectomized (Ovx) one week prior to oral administration and initiation of high-fat diet. C57BL/6 mice were given sham operation and maintained on normal diet. The three administered groups were given simvastatin (4mg/kg via i.g.) and LWDH (4.5, 9.0g/kg via i.g.) every day for 14 weeks. Atherosclerotic lesions in the aortic root were determined by oil red O staining and hematoxylin-eosin staining. α-Actin and CD68 in atherosclerotic lesions were detected by immunohistological assay. Serum lipids and homocysteine (Hcy) levels were measured in the 14th week. The cleaved caspase-3, C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) and G protein coupled estrogen receptor 30 (GPR30) expressions in the aortic arch endothelium were determined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. The inhibitory effect of LWDH-medicated (20%, 12h) on Hcy (20%, 24h)-induced apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was examined by flow cytometry and Hoechst 33258 staining. Intracellular ROS production, nitric oxide release, and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) activity were measured with or without LWDH-medicated serum pretreatment. In addition, CHOP, glucose-regulated protein GPR30, 78 (Grp78), Bcl-2, Bax and cleaved caspase-3 were analyzed by Western blot. Finally, the influence of G15, a specific antagonist of GPR30, on the protective effect of LWDH on endothelial cells was investigated. RESULTS In vivo administration of LWDH prevented plaque formation and reduced plasma lipid and Hcy levels. LWDH inhibited CHOP and cleaved caspase-3 expression in vivo and in vitro while maintaining GPR30 expression. In vitro study showed that Hcy-induced HUVECs apoptosis was weakened by LWDH-medicated serum pretreatment. Treatment with LWDH-medicated serum significantly upregulated NO release and eNOS activity in HUVECs. In addition, LWDH-medicated serum treatment optimized the balance between Bax and Bcl-2, and attenuated intracellular ROS production. G15 reversed the protective effect of LWDH on endothelial cells and the changes of apoptosis-related proteins. CONCLUSIONS LWDH treatment can significantly reduce plaque formation in an animal model of menopausal AS. The mechanism may be inhibition of Hcy-induced endothelial cell apoptosis by modulating GPR30. Hence, LWDH can potentially be used to prevent AS-related vascular disease in menopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Jing
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; College of Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 2230003, China.
| | - Danfeng Cai
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qi Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qingping Xiong
- College of Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 2230003, China
| | - Tianhui Hu
- Department of Gynaecology and Health, Huai'an Maternal and Child Health-Care Center, Huai'an 2230003, China
| | - Yuan Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chao Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xin Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ying Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xueyun Kong
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiang Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huimin Bian
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Estradiol Has Differential Effects on Acute Colonic Inflammation in the Presence and Absence of Estrogen Receptor β Expression. Dig Dis Sci 2017; 62:1977-1984. [PMID: 28573506 PMCID: PMC5751962 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-017-4631-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) increases the risk of developing colon cancer. This risk is higher in men compared to women, implicating a role for female hormones in the protection against this disease. Studies from our laboratory demonstrated that estradiol (E2) protects against inflammation-associated colon tumor formation when administered following chemical carcinogen and induction of chronic colitis. AIM This study seeks to better understand the effect of E2 on acute colitis in the presence and absence of estrogen receptor β (ERβ). METHODS Inflammation was induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid in wild-type (WT) and ERβ knockout (ERβKO) mice implanted with a control or E2-containing pellet and killed 5 days later. Inflammation and injury were scored by a pathologist. Apoptosis and proliferation were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Cytokines were measured by multiplex analysis. RESULTS E2 treatment reduced inflammation in the middle colon in WT mice and the distal colon in ERβKO mice compared to control mice. WT mice had reduced IL-6, IL-12, IL-17, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, MCP-1, MIP-1α, and TNF-α, and ERβKO had reduced IL-6 and IFN-γ expression in response to E2. Injury scores were lower in E2-treated ERβKO mice compared to control ERβKO mice. ERβKO mice had increased proliferation in the basal third of crypts in the distal colon and decreased apoptosis in the proximal colon. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that E2 has differential protective effects against acute colitis in the presence or absence of ERβ and provide insight into how E2 may protect against IBD.
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Zielińska M, Fichna J, Bashashati M, Habibi S, Sibaev A, Timmermans JP, Storr M. G protein-coupled estrogen receptor and estrogen receptor ligands regulate colonic motility and visceral pain. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2017; 29. [PMID: 28191706 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorder, which occurs more frequently in women than men. The aim of our study was to determine the role of activation of classical estrogen receptors (ER) and novel membrane receptor, G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) in human and mouse tissue and to assess the possible cross talk between these receptors in the GI tract. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expression of GPER in human and mouse intestines. The effect of G-1, a GPER selective agonist, and estradiol, a non-selective ER agonist, on muscle contractility was characterized in isolated preparations of the human and mouse colon. To characterize the effect of G-1 and estradiol in vivo, colonic bead expulsion test was performed. G-1 and estradiol activity on the visceral pain signaling was assessed in the mustard oil-induced abdominal pain model. KEY RESULTS GPER is expressed in the human colon and in the mouse colon and ileum. G-1 and estradiol inhibited muscle contractility in vitro in human and mouse colon. G-1 or estradiol administered intravenously at the dose of 20 mg/kg significantly prolonged the time to bead expulsion in females. Moreover, G-1 prolonged the time to bead expulsion and inhibited GI hypermotility in both genders. The injection of G-1 or estradiol resulted in a significant reduction in the number of pain-induced behaviors in mice. CONCLUSIONS AND INFERENCES GPER and ER receptors are involved in the regulation of GI motility and visceral pain. Both may thus constitute an important pharmacological target in the IBS-D therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zielińska
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - J Fichna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - M Bashashati
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center/Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, El Paso, TX, USA.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - S Habibi
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - A Sibaev
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - J-P Timmermans
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - M Storr
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Boese AC, Kim SC, Yin KJ, Lee JP, Hamblin MH. Sex differences in vascular physiology and pathophysiology: estrogen and androgen signaling in health and disease. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2017. [PMID: 28626075 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00217.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Sex differences between women and men are often overlooked and underappreciated when studying the cardiovascular system. It has been long assumed that men and women are physiologically similar, and this notion has resulted in women being clinically evaluated and treated for cardiovascular pathophysiological complications as men. Currently, there is increased recognition of fundamental sex differences in cardiovascular function, anatomy, cell signaling, and pathophysiology. The National Institutes of Health have enacted guidelines expressly to gain knowledge about ways the sexes differ in both normal function and diseases at the various research levels (molecular, cellular, tissue, and organ system). Greater understanding of these sex differences will be used to steer future directions in the biomedical sciences and translational and clinical research. This review describes sex-based differences in the physiology and pathophysiology of the vasculature, with a special emphasis on sex steroid receptor (estrogen and androgen receptor) signaling and their potential impact on vascular function in health and diseases (e.g., atherosclerosis, hypertension, peripheral artery disease, abdominal aortic aneurysms, cerebral aneurysms, and stroke).
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin C Boese
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Seong C Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Ke-Jie Yin
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jean-Pyo Lee
- Department of Neurology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana; and.,Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Milton H Hamblin
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana;
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Kohlgrüber S, Upadhye A, Dyballa-Rukes N, McNamara CA, Altschmied J. Regulation of Transcription Factors by Reactive Oxygen Species and Nitric Oxide in Vascular Physiology and Pathology. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 26:679-699. [PMID: 27841660 PMCID: PMC5421514 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death worldwide and pose an immense economical burden. In most cases, the underlying problem is vascular occlusion by atherosclerotic plaques. Importantly, different cell types of the vascular wall and the immune system play crucial roles in atherosclerosis at different stages of the disease. Furthermore, atherosclerosis and conditions recognized as risk factors are characterized by a reduced availability of the vasoprotective molecule nitric oxide and an increase in reactive oxygen species, so-called oxidative stress. Transcription factors function as intracellular signal integrators and relays and thus, play a central role in cellular responses to changing conditions. Recent Advances: Work on specific transcriptional regulators has uncovered many of their functions and the upstream pathways modulating their activity in response to reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Here, we have reviewed for a few selected examples how this can contribute not only to protection against atherosclerosis development but also to disease progression and the occurrence of clinical manifestations, such as plaque rupture. CRITICAL ISSUES Transcription factors have pleiotropic outputs and often also divergent functions in different cell types and tissues. Thus, in light of potential severe adverse side effects, a global activation or inhibition of particular transcriptions factors does not seem a feasible therapeutic option. FUTURE DIRECTIONS A further in-depth characterization of the cell- and stage-specific actions and regulation of transcription factors in atherosclerosis with respect to protein-protein interactions and target genes could open up new avenues for prevention or therapeutic interventions in this vascular disease. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 26, 679-699.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Kohlgrüber
- 1 IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine , Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Aditi Upadhye
- 2 Department of Microbiology, Immunology, Cancer Biology, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Nadine Dyballa-Rukes
- 1 IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine , Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Coleen A McNamara
- 3 Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine and Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia-School of Medicine , Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Joachim Altschmied
- 1 IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine , Düsseldorf, Germany
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Zhou L, Chen H, Mao X, Qi H, Baker PN, Zhang H. G-protein-coupled receptor 30 mediates the effects of estrogen on endothelial cell tube formation in vitro. Int J Mol Med 2017; 39:1461-1467. [PMID: 28440394 PMCID: PMC5428938 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.2957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The placenta is the exchange organ between the mother and the fetus. The inadequate function of this organ is associated with a number of pregnancy disorders. Hypoxia and oxidative stress during placental development may induce endothelial dysfunction, resulting in the reduction in the perfusion of the placenta. During pregnancy, the levels of estrogen are increased. Decreased estrogen levels have been reported in women with preeclampsia. However, whether estrogen is involved in placental angiogenesis remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of estrogen on endothelial cell tube formation and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. For this purpose, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured with 17‑β‑estradiol under conditions of hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). The total pipe length of the tube‑like structure on endothelial cells was measured. The expression levels of G‑protein‑coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and Akt were also measured in the endothelial cells following treatment with 17‑β‑estradiol under H/R conditions by western blot analysis and immunostaining. We found that the total pipe length of the tube‑like structure on endothelial cells was significantly reduced. This reduction was reversed by treatment with 17‑β‑estradiol. The expression of GPR30 in endothelial cells was significantly increased following treatment with 17‑β‑estradiol under H/R conditions. Furthermore, the levels of eNOS and Akt in endothelial cells were also significantly increased following treatment with 17-β-estradiol under H/R conditions. The activation of eNOS was inhibited by wortmannin, an inhibitor of PI3K/Akt. Our data thus demonstrate that estrogen prevents the failure of endothelial cell tube formation induced by H/R. GPR30 plays an important role in these protective effects through the activation of eNOS and Akt in endothelial cells. Our data suggest that increased levels of estrogen are important for placental angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Xun Mao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Hongbo Qi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Philip N Baker
- Canada‑China‑New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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47
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GPER-novel membrane oestrogen receptor. Clin Sci (Lond) 2017; 130:1005-16. [PMID: 27154744 DOI: 10.1042/cs20160114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The recent discovery of the G protein-coupled oestrogen receptor (GPER) presents new challenges and opportunities for understanding the physiology, pathophysiology and pharmacology of many diseases. This review will focus on the expression and function of GPER in hypertension, kidney disease, atherosclerosis, vascular remodelling, heart failure, reproduction, metabolic disorders, cancer, environmental health and menopause. Furthermore, this review will highlight the potential of GPER as a therapeutic target.
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Tang L, Zheng S, Wang Y, Li F, Bao M, Zeng J, Xiang J, Luo H, Li J. Rs4265085 in GPER1 gene increases the risk for unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion in Dai and Bai ethnic groups in China. Reprod Biomed Online 2017; 34:399-405. [PMID: 28126236 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Oestrogen receptors are implicated in the pathogenesis of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). Non-genomic oestrogen responses can be mediated by GPER. The prevalence of polymorphisms in GPER1 gene in RSA was assessed in 747 Chinese women from Yunnan province (171 Bai, 258 Chinese Han, 234 Dai, 33 Achang and 51 Jingpo patients). Snapshot technology was used for genotyping the polymorphisms of the GPER1 gene. The rs4265085G was significantly increased in the Dai and Bai groups versus controls (Dai: P < 0.0001, Padj < 0.0001, OR 95% CI 2.34 [1.79 to 3.05]; Bai: P = 0.0004, Padj = 0.0012, OR 95% CI 1.71 [1.27 to 2.31]); recessive model of rs4265085 in the Dai (P = 0.003, Padj = 0.009, OR 95% CI 2.71 [1.38 to 5.30]); Bai (P < 0.0001, Padj < 0.0001, OR 95% CI 3.37 [1.93 to 5.91]). Haplotype frequencies containing rs10269151G-rs4265085G-rs11544331C were separately significantly different in Dai and Bai ethnic groups (Dai: P = 0.0002, Padj = 0.001, OR 95% CI = 2.12 [1.43 to 3.17]; Bai: P = 0.005, Padj = 0.025, OR 95% CI = 1.82 [1.18 to 2.78]) compared with controls. The intron variant rs4265085 may confer risk for RSA in Dai and Bai ethnic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Tang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Neuroscience, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China; School of Basic Medical Science, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China.
| | - Shui Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Fertility Regulation and Berth Heath of Minority Nationalities of Yunnan Province, Judicial Expertise Center, Yunnan Population and Family Planning Research Institute, Kunming, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China; Experiment Center for Function, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Neuroscience, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China; School of Basic Medical Science, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Meihua Bao
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Neuroscience, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China; School of Basic Medical Science, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Zeng
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Neuroscience, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China; School of Basic Medical Science, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Ju Xiang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Neuroscience, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China; School of Basic Medical Science, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Huaiqing Luo
- School of Basic Medical Science, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China; Experiment Center for Function, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianming Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Neuroscience, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China; Department of Neurology, Xiang-ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Cao X, Huang J, Zhang G, Zuo W, Lan C, Sun Q, Yang D, Gao D, Cheng CHK, Zhou WL. Functional expression of G protein-coupled receptor 30 in immature rat epididymal epithelium. Cell Biol Int 2016; 41:134-146. [PMID: 27888566 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the functional role of G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) in the epididymis. We found that GPR30 is expressed in the epithelium of the immature rat epididymis and is involved in chloride secretion into the caudal epididymis lumen. The short-circuit current (Isc) experiments showed that in primary cultured caudal epididymis epithelium, activation of GPR30 by its specific agonist G1 induced a mono-phasic current increase, and G15, the specific antagonist of GPR30, could completely inhibit the current induced by G1. The G1-induced Isc was largely blocked by application of the non-specific chloride channel inhibitor diphenylamine-dicarboxylic acid (DPC), or by the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) inhibitor CFTRinh-172 , suggesting that the current was mainly mediated through CFTR. In addition, after stimulating GPR30 by G1, the intracellular concentration of cAMP in the epithelium was significantly increased, indicating that the cAMP signal pathway is involved and could be responsible for the CFTR activation. Finally, to further investigate the function of GPR30 in vivo, G15 was administrated into rats subcutaneously. The osmotic pressure of the micro perfusion solution from epididymis was measured and the sperms were collected. Results showed that there was an osmotic pressure increase of the perfusion solution from G15 treated rats. When the GPR30 was inhibited by G15 endogenously, the motility of sperms decreased. Our data demonstrated that GPR30 is involved in the formation of caudal epididymis fluid micro-environment thus affecting sperm motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonian Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Jiehong Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Geng Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Wulin Zuo
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Chongfeng Lan
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Qing Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Dengliang Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Dongdong Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Christopher H K Cheng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Wen-Liang Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
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50
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Wang H, Sun X, Chou J, Lin M, Ferrario CM, Zapata-Sudo G, Groban L. Cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) leads to left ventricular dysfunction and adverse remodeling: A sex-specific gene profiling analysis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1863:1870-1882. [PMID: 27725247 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Activation of G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) by its agonist, G1, protects the heart from stressors such as pressure-overload, ischemia, a high-salt diet, estrogen loss, and aging, in various male and female animal models. Due to nonspecific effects of G1, the exact functions of cardiac GPER cannot be concluded from studies using systemic G1 administration. Moreover, global knockdown of GPER affects glucose homeostasis, blood pressure, and many other cardiovascular-related systems, thereby confounding interpretation of its direct cardiac actions. We generated a cardiomyocyte-specific GPER knockout (KO) mouse model to specifically investigate the functions of GPER in cardiomyocytes. Compared to wild type mice, cardiomyocyte-specific GPER KO mice exhibited adverse alterations in cardiac structure and impaired systolic and diastolic function, as measured by echocardiography. Gene deletion effects on left ventricular dimensions were more profound in male KO mice compared to female KO mice. Analysis of DNA microarray data from isolated cardiomyocytes of wild type and KO mice revealed sex-based differences in gene expression profiles affecting multiple transcriptional networks. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) revealed that mitochondrial genes are enriched in GPER KO females, whereas inflammatory response genes are enriched in GPER KO males, compared to their wild type counterparts of the same sex. The cardiomyocyte-specific GPER KO mouse model provides us with a powerful tool to study the functions of GPER in cardiomyocytes. The gene expression profiles of the GPER KO mice provide foundational information for further study of the mechanisms underlying sex-specific cardioprotection by GPER.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Female
- Gene Deletion
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- Receptors, Estrogen/genetics
- Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
- Sex Characteristics
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/genetics
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/metabolism
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/pathology
- Ventricular Remodeling/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd., Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1009, USA; Internal Medicine/Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd., Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
| | - Xuming Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd., Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1009, USA
| | - Jeff Chou
- Public Health Sciences, Section on Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd., Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Marina Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd., Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1009, USA
| | - Carlos M Ferrario
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd., Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; Department of Internal Medicine/Nephrology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd., Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Gisele Zapata-Sudo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd., Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1009, USA; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Drug Development Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leanne Groban
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd., Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1009, USA; Internal Medicine/Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd., Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; Cardiovascular Research Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd., Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; Sticht Center on Aging, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd., Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA.
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