1
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Zhang BF, Wu ZH, Chen K, Jin HJ, Wu J, Huang ZY, Lu XW, Zheng XT. Dynamin-related protein 1 mediates the therapeutic effect of isoliquiritigenin in diabetic intimal hyperplasia via regulation of mitochondrial fission. Hypertens Res 2024; 47:1908-1924. [PMID: 38750218 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-024-01681-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Phenotypic shift of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) plays a key role in intimal hyperplasia, especially in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). This study aimed to investigate the role of dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) in mitochondrial fission-mediated VSMC phenotypic shift and to clarify whether DRP1 is the therapeutic target of isoliquiritigenin (ISL). Wire injury of carotid artery or platelet-derived growth factor treatment was performed in DM mice or high-glucose cultured human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs), respectively. The effects of DRP1 silencing on DM-induced intimal hyperplasia were investigated both in vivo and in vitro. Phenotypic shift of HASMCs was evaluated by detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, cell viability, and related protein expressions. The effects of ISL on DM-induced intimal hyperplasia were evaluated both in vivo and in vitro. DRP1 silencing and ISL treatment attenuated DM-induced intimal hyperplasia with reduced ROS generation, cell viability, and VSMC dedifferentiation. The GTPase domain of DRP1 protein played a critical role in mitochondrial fission in DM-induced VSMC phenotypic shift. Cellular experiments showed that ISL inhibited mitochondrial fission and reduced the GTPase activity of DRP1, which was achieved by the directly binding to K216 of the DRP1 GTPase domain. ISL attenuated mouse intimal hyperplasia by reducing GTPase activity of DRP1 and inhibiting mitochondrial fission in vivo. In conclusion, increased GTPase activity of DRP1 aggregated DM-induced intimal hyperplasia by increasing mitochondrial fission-mediated VSMC phenotypic shift. ISL attenuated mouse intimal hyperplasia by reducing DRP1 GTPase activity and inhibiting mitochondrial fission of VSMCs.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Mitochondrial Dynamics/drug effects
- Dynamins/metabolism
- Hyperplasia
- Chalcones/pharmacology
- Chalcones/therapeutic use
- Mice
- Humans
- Male
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Tunica Intima/drug effects
- Tunica Intima/pathology
- Tunica Intima/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Fu Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China
| | - Zi-Heng Wu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Kui Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China
| | - Hao-Jie Jin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China
| | - Zi-Yi Huang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China
| | - Xin-Wu Lu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xiang-Tao Zheng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China.
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2
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Geng H, An Q, Song J, He D, Han H, Wang L. Cadmium-induced global DNA hypermethylation promoting mitochondrial dynamics dysregulation in hippocampal neurons. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:2043-2051. [PMID: 38095104 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Environmental cadmium exposure during pregnancy or adolescence can cause neurodevelopmental toxicity, lead to neurological impairment, and reduce cognitive abilities, such as learning and memory. However, the mechanisms by which cadmium causes neurodevelopmental toxicity and cognitive impairment are still not fully elucidated. This study used hippocampal neurons cultured in vitro to observe the impact of cadmium exposure on mitochondrial dynamics and apoptosis. Exposure to 5 μM cadmium causes degradation of hippocampal neuron cell bodies and axons, morphological destruction, low cell viability, and apoptosis increase. Cadmium exposure upregulates the expression of mitochondrial fission proteins Drp1 and Fis1, reduces the expression of mitochondrial fusion-related proteins MFN1, MFN2, and OPA1, as well as reduces the expression of PGC-1a. Mitochondrial morphology detection demonstrated that cadmium exposure changes the morphological structure of mitochondria in hippocampal neurons, increasing the number of punctate and granular mitochondria, reducing the number of tubular and reticular mitochondria, decreasing mitochondrial mass, dissipating mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and reducing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. Cadmium exposure increases the global methylation level of the genome and upregulates the expression of DNMT1 and DNMT3α in hippocampal neurons. 5-Aza-CdR reduces cadmium-induced genome methylation levels in hippocampal neurons, increases the number of tubular and reticular mitochondria, and promotes cell viability. In conclusion, cadmium regulates the expression of mitochondrial dynamics-related proteins by increasing hippocampal neuron genome methylation, changing mitochondrial morphology and function, and exerting neurotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixia Geng
- Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qihang An
- Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Song
- Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongling He
- Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Huimin Han
- Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lai Wang
- Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
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3
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Han S, Mueller C, Wuebbolt C, Kilcullen S, Nayyar V, Calle Gonzalez B, Mahdavi Fard A, Floss JC, Morales MJ, Patel SP. Selective effects of estradiol on human corneal endothelial cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15279. [PMID: 37714879 PMCID: PMC10504266 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42290-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD), mitochondrial and oxidative stresses in corneal endothelial cells (HCEnCs) contribute to cell demise and disease progression. FECD is more common in women than men, but the basis for this observation is poorly understood. To understand the sex disparity in FECD prevalence, we studied the effects of the sex hormone 17-β estradiol (E2) on growth, oxidative stress, and metabolism in primary cultures of HCEnCs grown under physiologic ([O2]2.5) and hyperoxic ([O2]A) conditions. We hypothesized that E2 would counter the damage of oxidative stress generated at [O2]A. HCEnCs were treated with or without E2 (10 nM) for 7-10 days under both conditions. Treatment with E2 did not significantly alter HCEnC density, viability, ROS levels, oxidative DNA damage, oxygen consumption rates, or extracellular acidification rates in either condition. E2 disrupted mitochondrial morphology in HCEnCs solely from female donors in the [O2]A condition. ATP levels were significantly higher at [O2]2.5 than at [O2]A in HCEnCs from female donors only, but were not affected by E2. Our findings demonstrate the resilience of HCEnCs against hyperoxic stress. The effects of hyperoxia and E2 on HCEnCs from female donors suggest cell sex-specific mechanisms of toxicity and hormonal influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seoyoung Han
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Christian Mueller
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Caitlin Wuebbolt
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Sean Kilcullen
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Varinda Nayyar
- Research Service, Veterans Administration Western New York Healthcare System, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ross Eye Institute, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Brayan Calle Gonzalez
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Ali Mahdavi Fard
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ross Eye Institute, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jamie C Floss
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Michael J Morales
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Sangita P Patel
- Research Service, Veterans Administration Western New York Healthcare System, Buffalo, NY, USA.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ross Eye Institute, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA.
- Ophthalmology Service, Veterans Administration Western New York Healthcare System, Buffalo, NY, USA.
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4
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Cao J, Wan S, Chen S, Yang L. ANXA6: a key molecular player in cancer progression and drug resistance. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:53. [PMID: 37129645 PMCID: PMC10154440 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00662-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Annexin-A6 (ANXA6), a Ca2+-dependent membrane binding protein, is the largest of all conserved annexin families and highly expressed in the plasma membrane and endosomal compartments. As a multifunctional scaffold protein, ANXA6 can interact with phospholipid membranes and various signaling proteins. These properties enable ANXA6 to participate in signal transduction, cholesterol homeostasis, intracellular/extracellular membrane transport, and repair of membrane domains, etc. Many studies have demonstrated that the expression of ANXA6 is consistently altered during tumor formation and progression. ANXA6 is currently known to mediate different patterns of tumor progression in different cancer types through multiple cancer-type specific mechanisms. ANXA6 is a potentially valuable marker in the diagnosis, progression, and treatment strategy of various cancers. This review mainly summarizes recent findings on the mechanism of tumor formation, development, and drug resistance of ANXA6. The contents reviewed herein may expand researchers' understanding of ANXA6 and contribute to developing ANXA6-based diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Cao
- Department of Urology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Urology, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Shun Wan
- Department of Urology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Urology, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Department of Urology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Urology, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Urology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Urology, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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5
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Han S, Mueller C, Wuebbolt C, Kilcullen S, Nayyar V, Gonzalez BC, Fard AM, Floss JC, Morales MJ, Patel SP. Selective effects of estradiol on human corneal endothelial cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.27.538629. [PMID: 37162976 PMCID: PMC10168450 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.27.538629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) results from genetic and environmental factors triggering mitochondrial and oxidative stress in corneal endothelial cells (CEnCs) leading to CEnC death and corneal opacification. FECD is more common in women than men, but the basis for this observation is unknown. Because FECD is commonly diagnosed around the time of the menopausal transition in women when estrogen levels decrease precipitously, we studied the effects of the potent estrogen,17-β estradiol (E2) on growth, oxidative stress, and metabolism in primary cultures of human CEnCs (HCEnCs) under conditions of physiologic 2.5% O 2 ([O 2 ] 2.5 ) and under hyperoxic stress ([O 2 ] A : room air + 5% CO 2 ). We hypothesized that E2 would counter the stresses of the hyperoxic environment in HCEnCs. HCEnCs were treated ± 10 nM E2 for 7-10 days at [O 2 ] 2.5 and [O 2 ] A followed by measurements of cell density, viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial morphology, oxidative DNA damage, ATP levels, mitochondrial respiration (O 2 consumption rate [OCR]), and glycolysis (extracellular acidification rate [ECAR]). There were no significant changes in HCEnC density, viability, ROS levels, oxidative DNA damage, OCR, and ECAR in response to E2 under either O 2 condition. We found that E2 disrupted mitochondrial morphology in HCEnCs from female donors but not male donors at the [O 2 ] A condition. ATP levels were significantly higher at [O 2 ] 2.5 compared to [O 2 ] A in HCEnCs from female donors only, but were not affected by E2. Our findings demonstrate the overall resilience of primary HCEnCs against hyperoxic stress. The selective detrimental effects of hyperoxia and estradiol on HCEnCs from female but not male donors suggests mechanisms of toxicity based upon cell-sex in addition to hormonal environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seoyoung Han
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Christian Mueller
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Caitlin Wuebbolt
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Sean Kilcullen
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Varinda Nayyar
- Research Service, Veterans Administration of Western New York Healthcare System, Buffalo, New York, USA
- Ross Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Brayan Calle Gonzalez
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Ali Mahdavi Fard
- Ross Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Jamie C. Floss
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Michael J. Morales
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Sangita P. Patel
- Research Service, Veterans Administration of Western New York Healthcare System, Buffalo, New York, USA
- Ross Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
- Ophthalmology Service, Veterans Administration of Western New York Healthcare System, Buffalo, New York, USA
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6
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Liang W, Huang L, Whelchel A, Yuan T, Ma X, Cheng R, Takahashi Y, Karamichos D, Ma JX. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα) regulates wound healing and mitochondrial metabolism in the cornea. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2217576120. [PMID: 36943878 PMCID: PMC10068757 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2217576120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes can result in impaired corneal wound healing. Mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in diabetic complications. However, the regulation of mitochondria function in the diabetic cornea and its impacts on wound healing remain elusive. The present study aimed to explore the molecular basis for the disturbed mitochondrial metabolism and subsequent wound healing impairment in the diabetic cornea. Seahorse analysis showed that mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is a major source of ATP production in human corneal epithelial cells. Live corneal biopsy punches from type 1 and type 2 diabetic mouse models showed impaired mitochondrial functions, correlating with impaired corneal wound healing, compared to nondiabetic controls. To approach the molecular basis for the impaired mitochondrial function, we found that Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-α (PPARα) expression was downregulated in diabetic human corneas. Even without diabetes, global PPARα knockout mice and corneal epithelium-specific PPARα conditional knockout mice showed disturbed mitochondrial function and delayed wound healing in the cornea, similar to that in diabetic corneas. In contrast, fenofibrate, a PPARα agonist, ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction and enhanced wound healing in the corneas of diabetic mice. Similarly, corneal epithelium-specific PPARα transgenic overexpression improved mitochondrial function and enhanced wound healing in the cornea. Furthermore, PPARα agonist ameliorated the mitochondrial dysfunction in primary human corneal epithelial cells exposed to diabetic stressors, which was impeded by siRNA knockdown of PPARα, suggesting a PPARα-dependent mechanism. These findings suggest that downregulation of PPARα plays an important role in the impaired mitochondrial function in the corneal epithelium and delayed corneal wound healing in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Liang
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK73104
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC27157
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC27157
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou350000, China
| | - Amy Whelchel
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK73104
| | - Tian Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC27157
| | - Xiang Ma
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK73104
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC27157
| | - Rui Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC27157
| | - Yusuke Takahashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC27157
| | - Dimitrios Karamichos
- Division of Research and Innovation, North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX76107
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX76107
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX76107
| | - Jian-Xing Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC27157
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7
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Vedula P, Fina ME, Bell BA, Nikonov SS, Kashina A, Dong DW. β -actin is essential for structural integrity and physiological function of the retina. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.27.534392. [PMID: 37034790 PMCID: PMC10081178 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.27.534392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Lack of non-muscle β -actin gene (Actb) leads to early embryonic lethality in mice, however mice with β - to γ -actin replacement develop normally and show no detectable phenotypes at young age. Here we investigated the effect of this replacement in the retina. During aging, these mice have accelerated de-generation of retinal structure and function, including elongated microvilli and defective mitochondria of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), abnormally bulging photoreceptor outer segments (OS) accompanied by reduced transducin concentration and light sensitivity, and accumulation of autofluorescent microglia cells in the subretinal space between RPE and OS. These defects are accompanied by changes in the F-actin binding of several key actin interacting partners, including ezrin, myosin, talin, and vinculin known to play central roles in modulating actin cytoskeleton and cell adhesion and mediating the phagocytosis of OS. Our data show that β -actin protein is essential for maintaining normal retinal structure and function.
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8
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Kalra J. Crosslink between mutations in mitochondrial genes and brain disorders: implications for mitochondrial-targeted therapeutic interventions. Neural Regen Res 2023. [PMID: 35799515 PMCID: PMC9241418 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.343884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
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9
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Walkon LL, Strubbe-Rivera JO, Bazil JN. Calcium Overload and Mitochondrial Metabolism. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121891. [PMID: 36551319 PMCID: PMC9775684 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria calcium is a double-edged sword. While low levels of calcium are essential to maintain optimal rates of ATP production, extreme levels of calcium overcoming the mitochondrial calcium retention capacity leads to loss of mitochondrial function. In moderate amounts, however, ATP synthesis rates are inhibited in a calcium-titratable manner. While the consequences of extreme calcium overload are well-known, the effects on mitochondrial function in the moderately loaded range remain enigmatic. These observations are associated with changes in the mitochondria ultrastructure and cristae network. The present mini review/perspective follows up on previous studies using well-established cryo-electron microscopy and poses an explanation for the observable depressed ATP synthesis rates in mitochondria during calcium-overloaded states. The results presented herein suggest that the inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation is not caused by a direct decoupling of energy metabolism via the opening of a calcium-sensitive, proteinaceous pore but rather a separate but related calcium-dependent phenomenon. Such inhibition during calcium-overloaded states points towards mitochondrial ultrastructural modifications, enzyme activity changes, or an interplay between both events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren L. Walkon
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Jasiel O. Strubbe-Rivera
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Jason N. Bazil
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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10
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Milani M, Pihán P, Hetz C. Mitochondria-associated niches in health and disease. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:285141. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The appreciation of the importance of interorganelle contacts has steadily increased over the past decades. Advances in imaging, molecular biology and bioinformatic techniques allowed the discovery of new mechanisms involved in the interaction and communication between organelles, providing novel insights into the inner works of a cell. In this Review, with the mitochondria under the spotlight, we discuss the most recent findings on the mechanisms mediating the communication between organelles, focusing on Ca2+ signaling, lipid exchange, cell death and stress responses. Notably, we introduce a new integrative perspective to signaling networks that is regulated by interorganelle interactions – the mitochondria-associated niches – focusing on the link between the molecular determinants of contact sites and their functional outputs, rather than simply physical and structural communication. In addition, we highlight the neuropathological and metabolic implications of alterations in mitochondria-associated niches and outline how this concept might improve our understanding of multi-organelle interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Milani
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile 1 , Santiago 8380000 , Chile
- FONDAP Center for Geroscience, Brain Health, and Metabolism (GERO) 2 , Santiago 7750000 , Chile
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile 3 , Santiago 8380000 , Chile
| | - Philippe Pihán
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile 1 , Santiago 8380000 , Chile
- FONDAP Center for Geroscience, Brain Health, and Metabolism (GERO) 2 , Santiago 7750000 , Chile
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile 3 , Santiago 8380000 , Chile
| | - Claudio Hetz
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile 1 , Santiago 8380000 , Chile
- FONDAP Center for Geroscience, Brain Health, and Metabolism (GERO) 2 , Santiago 7750000 , Chile
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile 3 , Santiago 8380000 , Chile
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging 4 , Novato, CA 94945 , USA
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11
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Méndez-Barbero N, San Sebastian-Jaraba I, Blázquez-Serra R, Martín-Ventura JL, Blanco-Colio LM. Annexins and cardiovascular diseases: Beyond membrane trafficking and repair. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1000760. [PMID: 36313572 PMCID: PMC9614170 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1000760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the leading cause of mortality worldwide. The main cause underlying CVD is associated with the pathological remodeling of the vascular wall, involving several cell types, including endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and leukocytes. Vascular remodeling is often related with the development of atherosclerotic plaques leading to narrowing of the arteries and reduced blood flow. Atherosclerosis is known to be triggered by high blood cholesterol levels, which in the presence of a dysfunctional endothelium, results in the retention of lipoproteins in the artery wall, leading to an immune-inflammatory response. Continued hypercholesterolemia and inflammation aggravate the progression of atherosclerotic plaque over time, which is often complicated by thrombus development, leading to the possibility of CV events such as myocardial infarction or stroke. Annexins are a family of proteins with high structural homology that bind phospholipids in a calcium-dependent manner. These proteins are involved in several biological functions, from cell structural organization to growth regulation and vesicle trafficking. In vitro gain- or loss-of-function experiments have demonstrated the implication of annexins with a wide variety of cellular processes independent of calcium signaling such as immune-inflammatory response, cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, apoptosis, and membrane repair. In the last years, the use of mice deficient for different annexins has provided insight into additional functions of these proteins in vivo, and their involvement in different pathologies. This review will focus in the role of annexins in CVD, highlighting the mechanisms involved and the potential therapeutic effects of these proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerea Méndez-Barbero
- Laboratory of Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Rafael Blázquez-Serra
- Laboratory of Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose L. Martín-Ventura
- Laboratory of Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
- Autonoma University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis M. Blanco-Colio
- Laboratory of Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Luis M. Blanco-Colio,
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12
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Williams SD, Sakwe AM. Reduced Expression of Annexin A6 Induces Metabolic Reprogramming That Favors Rapid Fatty Acid Oxidation in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1108. [PMID: 35267416 PMCID: PMC8909273 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of cancer cells to alter their metabolism is one of the major mechanisms underlying rapid tumor progression and/or therapeutic resistance in solid tumors, including the hard-to-treat triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype. Here, we assessed the contribution of the tumor suppressor, Annexin A6 (AnxA6), in the metabolic adaptation of basal-like (AnxA6-low) versus mesenchymal-like (AnxA6-high), as well as in lapatinib-resistant TNBC cells. Using model basal-like and mesenchymal-like TNBC cell lines, we show that TNBC cells also exhibit metabolic heterogeneity. The downregulation of AnxA6 in TNBC cells generally attenuated mitochondrial respiration, glycolytic flux, and cellular ATP production capacity resulting in a quiescent metabolic phenotype. We also show that AnxA6 depletion in mesenchymal-like TNBC cells was associated with a rapid uptake and mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and diminished lipid droplet accumulation and altered the lipogenic metabolic phenotype of these cells to a lypolytic metabolic phenotype. The overexpression or chronic lapatinib-induced upregulation of AnxA6 in AnxA6-low TNBC cells reversed the quiescent/lypolytic phenotype to a more lipogenic/glycolytic phenotype with gluconeogenic precursors as additional metabolites. Collectively, these data suggest that the expression status of AnxA6 in TNBC cells underlies distinct metabolic adaptations of basal-like and mesenchymal-like TNBC subsets in response to cellular stress and/or therapeutic intervention and suggest AnxA6 as a biomarker for metabolic subtyping of TNBC subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amos M. Sakwe
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience and Pharmacology, School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA;
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13
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Mathew D, Luo Q, Bhatwadekar AD. Circadian Rhythm Disruption Results in Visual Dysfunction. FASEB Bioadv 2022; 4:364-378. [PMID: 35664832 PMCID: PMC9164246 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2021-00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Artificial light has been increasingly in use for the past 70 years. The aberrant light exposure and round‐the‐clock nature of work lead to the disruption of biological clock. Circadian rhythm disruption (CRD) contributes to multiple metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases. However, its effect on vision is not understood. Moreover, the mammalian retina possesses an autonomous clock that could be reset with light exposure. We evaluated the impact of CRD on retinal morphology, physiology, and vision after housing mice in a disruption inducing shorter light/dark cycle (L10:D10). Interestingly, the mice under L10:D10 exhibited three different entrainment behaviors; “entrained,” “free‐running,” and “zigzagging.” These behavior groups under CRD exhibited reduced visual acuity, retinal thinning, and a decrease in the number of photoreceptors. Intriguingly, the electroretinogram response was decreased only in the mice exhibiting “entrained” behavior. The retinal proteome showed distinct changes with each entrainment behavior, and there was a dysfunctional oxidative stress‐antioxidant mechanism. These results demonstrate that CRD alters entrainment behavior and leads to visual dysfunction in mice. Our studies uniquely show the effect of entrainment behavior on retinal physiology. Our data have broader implications in understanding and mitigating the impact of CRD on vision and its potential role in the etiology of retinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Mathew
- Department of Ophthalmology Indiana University Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Qianyi Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology Indiana University Indianapolis IN USA
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14
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Enrich C, Lu A, Tebar F, Rentero C, Grewal T. Annexins Bridging the Gap: Novel Roles in Membrane Contact Site Formation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:797949. [PMID: 35071237 PMCID: PMC8770259 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.797949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane contact sites (MCS) are specialized small areas of close apposition between two different organelles that have led researchers to reconsider the dogma of intercellular communication via vesicular trafficking. The latter is now being challenged by the discovery of lipid and ion transfer across MCS connecting adjacent organelles. These findings gave rise to a new concept that implicates cell compartments not to function as individual and isolated entities, but as a dynamic and regulated ensemble facilitating the trafficking of lipids, including cholesterol, and ions. Hence, MCS are now envisaged as metabolic platforms, crucial for cellular homeostasis. In this context, well-known as well as novel proteins were ascribed functions such as tethers, transporters, and scaffolds in MCS, or transient MCS companions with yet unknown functions. Intriguingly, we and others uncovered metabolic alterations in cell-based disease models that perturbed MCS size and numbers between coupled organelles such as endolysosomes, the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, or lipid droplets. On the other hand, overexpression or deficiency of certain proteins in this narrow 10-30 nm membrane contact zone can enable MCS formation to either rescue compromised MCS function, or in certain disease settings trigger undesired metabolite transport. In this "Mini Review" we summarize recent findings regarding a subset of annexins and discuss their multiple roles to regulate MCS dynamics and functioning. Their contribution to novel pathways related to MCS biology will provide new insights relevant for a number of human diseases and offer opportunities to design innovative treatments in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Enrich
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Lu
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Tebar
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Rentero
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thomas Grewal
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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15
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Guerrero‐Castillo S, van Strien J, Brandt U, Arnold S. Ablation of mitochondrial DNA results in widespread remodeling of the mitochondrial complexome. EMBO J 2021; 40:e108648. [PMID: 34542926 PMCID: PMC8561636 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021108648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
So-called ρ0 cells lack mitochondrial DNA and are therefore incapable of aerobic ATP synthesis. How cells adapt to survive ablation of oxidative phosphorylation remains poorly understood. Complexome profiling analysis of ρ0 cells covered 1,002 mitochondrial proteins and revealed changes in abundance and organization of numerous multiprotein complexes including previously not described assemblies. Beyond multiple subassemblies of complexes that would normally contain components encoded by mitochondrial DNA, we observed widespread reorganization of the complexome. This included distinct changes in the expression pattern of adenine nucleotide carrier isoforms, other mitochondrial transporters, and components of the protein import machinery. Remarkably, ablation of mitochondrial DNA hardly affected the complexes organizing cristae junctions indicating that the altered cristae morphology in ρ0 mitochondria predominantly resulted from the loss of complex V dimers required to impose narrow curvatures to the inner membrane. Our data provide a comprehensive resource for in-depth analysis of remodeling of the mitochondrial complexome in response to respiratory deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Guerrero‐Castillo
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life SciencesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
- University Children's Research@Kinder‐UKEUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
| | - Joeri van Strien
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life SciencesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Center for Molecular and Biomolecular InformaticsRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Ulrich Brandt
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life SciencesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging‐Associated Diseases (CECAD)University of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Susanne Arnold
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life SciencesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging‐Associated Diseases (CECAD)University of CologneCologneGermany
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16
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Grewal T, Rentero C, Enrich C, Wahba M, Raabe CA, Rescher U. Annexin Animal Models-From Fundamental Principles to Translational Research. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073439. [PMID: 33810523 PMCID: PMC8037771 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Routine manipulation of the mouse genome has become a landmark in biomedical research. Traits that are only associated with advanced developmental stages can now be investigated within a living organism, and the in vivo analysis of corresponding phenotypes and functions advances the translation into the clinical setting. The annexins, a family of closely related calcium (Ca2+)- and lipid-binding proteins, are found at various intra- and extracellular locations, and interact with a broad range of membrane lipids and proteins. Their impacts on cellular functions has been extensively assessed in vitro, yet annexin-deficient mouse models generally develop normally and do not display obvious phenotypes. Only in recent years, studies examining genetically modified annexin mouse models which were exposed to stress conditions mimicking human disease often revealed striking phenotypes. This review is the first comprehensive overview of annexin-related research using animal models and their exciting future use for relevant issues in biology and experimental medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Grewal
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
- Correspondence: (T.G.); (U.R.); Tel.: +61-(0)2-9351-8496 (T.G.); +49-(0)251-83-52121 (U.R.)
| | - Carles Rentero
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (C.R.); (C.E.)
- Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Enrich
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (C.R.); (C.E.)
- Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mohamed Wahba
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
| | - Carsten A. Raabe
- Research Group Regulatory Mechanisms of Inflammation, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE) and Cells in Motion Interfaculty Center (CiM), Institute of Medical Biochemistry, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany;
| | - Ursula Rescher
- Research Group Regulatory Mechanisms of Inflammation, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE) and Cells in Motion Interfaculty Center (CiM), Institute of Medical Biochemistry, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany;
- Correspondence: (T.G.); (U.R.); Tel.: +61-(0)2-9351-8496 (T.G.); +49-(0)251-83-52121 (U.R.)
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17
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Kapoor S, Subba P, Shenoy P S, Bose B. Sca1 + Progenitor Cells (Ex vivo) Exhibits Differential Proteomic Signatures From the Culture Adapted Sca1 + Cells (In vitro), Both Isolated From Murine Skeletal Muscle Tissue. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:1754-1767. [PMID: 33742350 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10134-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell antigen-1 (Sca-1) is a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchored membrane protein that is expressed in a sub-population of muscle stem and progenitor cell types. Reportedly, Sca-1 regulates the myogenic property of myoblasts and Sca-1-/- mice exhibited defective muscle regeneration. Although the role of Sca-1 in muscle development and maintenance is well-acknowledged, molecular composition of muscle derived Sca-1+ cells is not characterized. Here, we applied a high-resolution mass spectrometry-based workflow to characterize the proteomic landscape of mouse hindlimb skeletal muscle derived Sca-1+ cells. Furthermore, we characterized the impact of the cellular microenvironments on the proteomes of Sca-1+ cells. The proteome component of freshly isolated Sca-1+ cells (ex vivo) was compared with that of Sca-1+ cells expanded in cell culture (in vitro). The analysis revealed significant differences in the protein abundances in the two conditions reflective of their functional variations. The identified proteins were enriched in various biological pathways. Notably, we identified proteins related to myotube differentiation, myotube cell development and myoblast fusion. We also identified a panel of cell surface marker proteins that can be leveraged in future to enrich Sca-1+ cells using combinatorial strategies. Comparative analysis implicated the activation of various pathways leading to increased protein synthesis under in vitro condition. We report here the most comprehensive proteome map of Sca-1+ cells that provides insights into the molecular networks operative in Sca-1+ cells. Importantly, through our work we generated the proteomic blueprint of protein abundances significantly altered in Sca-1+ cells under ex vivo and in vitro conditions. The curated data can also be visualized at https://yenepoya.res.in/database/Sca-1-Proteomics .
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Affiliation(s)
- Saketh Kapoor
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Centre, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), University Road, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India
| | - Pratigya Subba
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India
| | - Sudheer Shenoy P
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Centre, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), University Road, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India.
| | - Bipasha Bose
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Centre, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), University Road, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India.
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18
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Cikic S, Chandra PK, Harman JC, Rutkai I, Katakam PV, Guidry JJ, Gidday JM, Busija DW. Sexual differences in mitochondrial and related proteins in rat cerebral microvessels: A proteomic approach. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2021; 41:397-412. [PMID: 32241204 PMCID: PMC8370005 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x20915127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Sex differences in mitochondrial numbers and function are present in large cerebral arteries, but it is unclear whether these differences extend to the microcirculation. We performed an assessment of mitochondria-related proteins in cerebral microvessels (MVs) isolated from young, male and female, Sprague-Dawley rats. MVs composed of arterioles, capillaries, and venules were isolated from the cerebrum and used to perform a 3 versus 3 quantitative, multiplexed proteomics experiment utilizing tandem mass tags (TMT), coupled with liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS). MS data and bioinformatic analyses were performed using Proteome Discoverer version 2.2 and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. We identified a total of 1969 proteins, of which 1871 were quantified by TMT labels. Sixty-four proteins were expressed significantly (p < 0.05) higher in female samples compared with male samples. Females expressed more mitochondrial proteins involved in energy production, mitochondrial membrane structure, anti-oxidant enzyme proteins, and those involved in fatty acid oxidation. Conversely, males had higher expression levels of mitochondria-destructive proteins. Our findings reveal, for the first time, the full extent of sexual dimorphism in the mitochondrial metabolic protein profiles of MVs, which may contribute to sex-dependent cerebrovascular and neurological pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinisa Cikic
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Partha K Chandra
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Jarrod C Harman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Ibolya Rutkai
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Prasad Vg Katakam
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Jessie J Guidry
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Proteomics Core Facility, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Gidday
- Department of Ophthalmology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - David W Busija
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
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19
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Meneses-Salas E, Garcia-Forn M, Castany-Pladevall C, Lu A, Fajardo A, Jose J, Wahba M, Bosch M, Pol A, Tebar F, Klein AD, Zanlungo S, Pérez-Navarro E, Grewal T, Enrich C, Rentero C. Lack of Annexin A6 Exacerbates Liver Dysfunction and Reduces Lifespan of Niemann-Pick Type C Protein-Deficient Mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 191:475-486. [PMID: 33345999 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) disease is a lysosomal storage disorder characterized by cholesterol accumulation caused by loss-of-function mutations in the Npc1 gene. NPC disease primarily affects the brain, causing neuronal damage and affecting motor coordination. In addition, considerable liver malfunction in NPC disease is common. Recently, we found that the depletion of annexin A6 (ANXA6), which is most abundant in the liver and involved in cholesterol transport, ameliorated cholesterol accumulation in Npc1 mutant cells. To evaluate the potential contribution of ANXA6 in the progression of NPC disease, double-knockout mice (Npc1-/-/Anxa6-/-) were generated and examined for lifespan, neurologic and hepatic functions, as well as liver histology and ultrastructure. Interestingly, lack of ANXA6 in NPC1-deficient animals did not prevent the cerebellar degeneration phenotype, but further deteriorated their compromised hepatic functions and reduced their lifespan. Moreover, livers of Npc1-/-/Anxa6-/- mice contained a significantly elevated number of foam cells congesting the sinusoidal space, a feature commonly associated with inflammation. We hypothesize that ANXA6 deficiency in Npc1-/- mice not only does not reverse neurologic and motor dysfunction, but further worsens overall liver function, exacerbating hepatic failure in NPC disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Meneses-Salas
- Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Garcia-Forn
- Institut de Neurociències, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carla Castany-Pladevall
- Institut de Neurociències, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Lu
- Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Alba Fajardo
- Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaimy Jose
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mohamed Wahba
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marta Bosch
- Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Pol
- Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Universidad del Desarrollo, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Chile
| | - Francesc Tebar
- Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrés D Klein
- Centro de Genética y Genómica, Universidad del Desarrollo, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Chile
| | - Silvana Zanlungo
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Facultad de Medicina Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Esther Pérez-Navarro
- Institut de Neurociències, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thomas Grewal
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Carlos Enrich
- Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Carles Rentero
- Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
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20
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Harada T, Sada R, Osugi Y, Matsumoto S, Matsuda T, Hayashi-Nishino M, Nagai T, Harada A, Kikuchi A. Palmitoylated CKAP4 regulates mitochondrial functions through an interaction with VDAC2 at ER-mitochondria contact sites. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs249045. [PMID: 33067255 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.249045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytoskeleton-associated protein 4 (CKAP4) is a palmitoylated type II transmembrane protein localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Here, we found that knockout (KO) of CKAP4 in HeLaS3 cells induces the alteration of mitochondrial structures and increases the number of ER-mitochondria contact sites. To understand the involvement of CKAP4 in mitochondrial functions, the binding proteins of CKAP4 were explored, enabling identification of the mitochondrial porin voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2 (VDAC2), which is localized to the outer mitochondrial membrane. Palmitoylation at Cys100 of CKAP4 was required for the binding between CKAP4 and VDAC2. In CKAP4 KO cells, the binding of inositol trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) and VDAC2 was enhanced, the intramitochondrial Ca2+ concentration increased and the mitochondrial membrane potential decreased. In addition, CKAP4 KO decreased the oxidative consumption rate, in vitro cancer cell proliferation under low-glucose conditions and in vivo xenograft tumor formation. The phenotypes were not rescued by expression of a palmitoylation-deficient CKAP4 mutant. These results suggest that CKAP4 plays a role in maintaining mitochondrial functions through the binding to VDAC2 at ER-mitochondria contact sites and that palmitoylation is required for this novel function of CKAP4.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Harada
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ryota Sada
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshito Osugi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shinji Matsumoto
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomoki Matsuda
- Department of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University, Ibaraki, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Mitsuko Hayashi-Nishino
- Department of Biomolecular Science and Regulation and Artificial Intelligence Research Center, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University, Ibaraki, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Takeharu Nagai
- Department of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University, Ibaraki, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Akihiro Harada
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akira Kikuchi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
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21
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Suski M, Wiśniewska A, Kuś K, Kiepura A, Stachowicz A, Stachyra K, Czepiel K, Madej J, Olszanecki R. Decrease of the pro-inflammatory M1-like response by inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidases 8/9 in THP-1 macrophages - quantitative proteomics of the proteome and secretome. Mol Immunol 2020; 127:193-202. [PMID: 32998073 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellular peptidases are an emerging target of novel pharmacological strategies in inflammatory diseases and cancer. In this context, the dipeptidyl peptidases 8 and 9 (DPP8/9) have gained special attention due to their activities in the immune cells. However, in spite of more than hundred protein substrates identified to date by mass spectrometry-based analysis, the cellular DPP8/9 functions are still elusive. METHODS We applied the proteomic approach (iTRAQ-2DLC-MS/MS) to comprehensively analyze the role of DPP8/9 in the regulation of macrophage activation by in-depth protein quantitation of THP-1 proteome and secretome. RESULTS Cells pre-incubated with DPP8/9 inhibitor (1G244) prior activation (LPS or IL-4/IL-13) diminished the expression levels of M1-like response markers, but not M2-like phenotype features. This was accompanied by multiple intra- and extra-cellular protein abundance changes in THP-1 cells, related to cellular metabolism, mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum function, as well as those engaged with inflammatory and apoptotic processes, including previously reported and novel DPP8/9 targets. CONCLUSIONS Inhibition of DPP 8/9 had a profound effect on the THP-1 macrophage proteome and secretome, evidencing the decrease of the pro-inflammatory M1-like response. Presented results are to our best knowledge the first which, among others, highlight the metabolic effects of DPP8/9 inhibition in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Suski
- Chair of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka str., 31-531, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Anna Wiśniewska
- Chair of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka str., 31-531, Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kuś
- Chair of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka str., 31-531, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Kiepura
- Chair of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka str., 31-531, Krakow, Poland
| | - Aneta Stachowicz
- Chair of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka str., 31-531, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kamila Stachyra
- Chair of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka str., 31-531, Krakow, Poland
| | - Klaudia Czepiel
- Chair of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka str., 31-531, Krakow, Poland
| | - Józef Madej
- Chair of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka str., 31-531, Krakow, Poland
| | - Rafał Olszanecki
- Chair of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka str., 31-531, Krakow, Poland
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22
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Korolkova OY, Widatalla SE, Williams SD, Whalen DS, Beasley HK, Ochieng J, Grewal T, Sakwe AM. Diverse Roles of Annexin A6 in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis and EGFR-Targeted Therapies. Cells 2020; 9:E1855. [PMID: 32784650 PMCID: PMC7465958 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The calcium (Ca2+)-dependent membrane-binding Annexin A6 (AnxA6), is a multifunctional, predominantly intracellular scaffolding protein, now known to play relevant roles in different cancer types through diverse, often cell-type-specific mechanisms. AnxA6 is differentially expressed in various stages/subtypes of several cancers, and its expression in certain tumor cells is also induced by a variety of pharmacological drugs. Together with the secretion of AnxA6 as a component of extracellular vesicles, this suggests that AnxA6 mediates distinct tumor progression patterns via extracellular and/or intracellular activities. Although it lacks enzymatic activity, some of the AnxA6-mediated functions involving membrane, nucleotide and cholesterol binding as well as the scaffolding of specific proteins or multifactorial protein complexes, suggest its potential utility in the diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic strategies for various cancers. In breast cancer, the low AnxA6 expression levels in the more aggressive basal-like triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype correlate with its tumor suppressor activity and the poor overall survival of basal-like TNBC patients. In this review, we highlight the potential tumor suppressor function of AnxA6 in TNBC progression and metastasis, the relevance of AnxA6 in the diagnosis and prognosis of several cancers and discuss the concept of therapy-induced expression of AnxA6 as a novel mechanism for acquired resistance of TNBC to tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Y. Korolkova
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA; (O.Y.K.); (S.E.W.); (S.D.W.); (D.S.W.); (H.K.B.); (J.O.)
| | - Sarrah E. Widatalla
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA; (O.Y.K.); (S.E.W.); (S.D.W.); (D.S.W.); (H.K.B.); (J.O.)
| | - Stephen D. Williams
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA; (O.Y.K.); (S.E.W.); (S.D.W.); (D.S.W.); (H.K.B.); (J.O.)
| | - Diva S. Whalen
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA; (O.Y.K.); (S.E.W.); (S.D.W.); (D.S.W.); (H.K.B.); (J.O.)
| | - Heather K. Beasley
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA; (O.Y.K.); (S.E.W.); (S.D.W.); (D.S.W.); (H.K.B.); (J.O.)
| | - Josiah Ochieng
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA; (O.Y.K.); (S.E.W.); (S.D.W.); (D.S.W.); (H.K.B.); (J.O.)
| | - Thomas Grewal
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
| | - Amos M. Sakwe
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA; (O.Y.K.); (S.E.W.); (S.D.W.); (D.S.W.); (H.K.B.); (J.O.)
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23
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Genetic compensation in a stable slc25a46 mutant zebrafish: A case for using F0 CRISPR mutagenesis to study phenotypes caused by inherited disease. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230566. [PMID: 32208444 PMCID: PMC7092968 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A phenomenon of genetic compensation is commonly observed when an organism with a disease-bearing mutation shows incomplete penetrance of the disease phenotype. Such incomplete phenotypic penetrance, or genetic compensation, is more commonly found in stable knockout models, rather than transient knockdown models. As such, these incidents present a challenge for the disease modeling field, although a deeper understanding of genetic compensation may also hold the key for novel therapeutic interventions. In our study we created a knockout model of slc25a46 gene, which is a recently discovered important player in mitochondrial dynamics, and deleterious mutations in which are known to cause peripheral neuropathy, optic atrophy and cerebellar ataxia. We report a case of genetic compensation in a stable slc25a46 homozygous zebrafish mutant (hereafter referred as “mutant”), in contrast to a penetrant disease phenotype in the first generation (F0) slc25a46 mosaic mutant (hereafter referred as “crispant”), generated with CRISPR/Cas-9 technology. We show that the crispant phenotype is specific and rescuable. By performing mRNA sequencing, we define significant changes in slc25a46 mutant’s gene expression profile, which are largely absent in crispants. We find that among the most significantly altered mRNAs, anxa6 gene stands out as a functionally relevant player in mitochondrial dynamics. We also find that our genetic compensation case does not arise from mechanisms driven by mutant mRNA decay. Our study contributes to the growing evidence of the genetic compensation phenomenon and presents novel insights about Slc25a46 function. Furthermore, our study provides the evidence for the efficiency of F0 CRISPR screens for disease candidate genes, which may be used to advance the field of functional genetics.
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Zhu W, Cheng X, Ren C, Chen J, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Jia X, Wang S, Sun Z, Zhang R, Zhang Z. Proteomic characterization and comparison of ram (Ovis aries) and buck (Capra hircus) spermatozoa proteome using a data independent acquisition mass spectometry (DIA-MS) approach. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228656. [PMID: 32053710 PMCID: PMC7018057 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fresh semen is most commonly used in an artificial insemination of small ruminants, because of low fertility rates of frozen sperm. Generally, when developing and applying assisted reproductive technologies, sheep and goats are classified as one species. In order to optimize sperm cryopreservation protocols in sheep and goat, differences in sperm proteomes between ram and buck are necessary to investigate, which may contribute to differences in function and fertility of spermatozoa. In the current work, a data-independent acquisition-mass spectrometry proteomic approach was used to characterize and make a comparison of ram (Ovis aries) and buck (Capra hircus) sperm proteomes. A total of 2,109 proteins were identified in ram and buck spermatozoa, with 238 differentially abundant proteins. Proteins identified in ram and buck spermatozoa are mainly involved in metabolic pathways for generation of energy and diminishing oxidative stress. Specifically, there are greater abundance of spermatozoa proteins related to the immune protective and capacity activities in ram, while protein that inhibit sperm capacitation shows greater abundance in buck. Our results not only provide novel insights into the characteristics and potential activities of spermatozoa proteins, but also expand the potential direction for sperm cryopreservation in ram and buck.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Chunhuan Ren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Jiahong Chen
- New Rural Develop Research Institute, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Yale Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojiao Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Shijia Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Zhipeng Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Renzheng Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Zijun Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
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25
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Grewal T, Enrich C, Rentero C, Buechler C. Annexins in Adipose Tissue: Novel Players in Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143449. [PMID: 31337068 PMCID: PMC6678658 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and the associated comorbidities are a growing health threat worldwide. Adipose tissue dysfunction, impaired adipokine activity, and inflammation are central to metabolic diseases related to obesity. In particular, the excess storage of lipids in adipose tissues disturbs cellular homeostasis. Amongst others, organelle function and cell signaling, often related to the altered composition of specialized membrane microdomains (lipid rafts), are affected. Within this context, the conserved family of annexins are well known to associate with membranes in a calcium (Ca2+)- and phospholipid-dependent manner in order to regulate membrane-related events, such as trafficking in endo- and exocytosis and membrane microdomain organization. These multiple activities of annexins are facilitated through their diverse interactions with a plethora of lipids and proteins, often in different cellular locations and with consequences for the activity of receptors, transporters, metabolic enzymes, and signaling complexes. While increasing evidence points at the function of annexins in lipid homeostasis and cell metabolism in various cells and organs, their role in adipose tissue, obesity and related metabolic diseases is still not well understood. Annexin A1 (AnxA1) is a potent pro-resolving mediator affecting the regulation of body weight and metabolic health. Relevant for glucose metabolism and fatty acid uptake in adipose tissue, several studies suggest AnxA2 to contribute to coordinate glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) translocation and to associate with the fatty acid transporter CD36. On the other hand, AnxA6 has been linked to the control of adipocyte lipolysis and adiponectin release. In addition, several other annexins are expressed in fat tissues, yet their roles in adipocytes are less well examined. The current review article summarizes studies on the expression of annexins in adipocytes and in obesity. Research efforts investigating the potential role of annexins in fat tissue relevant to health and metabolic disease are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Grewal
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Carlos Enrich
- Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Rentero
- Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christa Buechler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Regensburg University Hospital, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
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26
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Fichi G, Naef V, Barca A, Longo G, Fronte B, Verri T, Santorelli FM, Marchese M, Petruzzella V. Fishing in the Cell Powerhouse: Zebrafish as A Tool for Exploration of Mitochondrial Defects Affecting the Nervous System. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102409. [PMID: 31096646 PMCID: PMC6567007 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a small vertebrate ideally suited to the modeling of human diseases. Large numbers of genetic alterations have now been modeled and could be used to study organ development by means of a genetic approach. To date, limited attention has been paid to the possible use of the zebrafish toolbox in studying human mitochondrial disorders affecting the nervous system. Here, we review the pertinent scientific literature discussing the use of zebrafish in modeling gene mutations involved in mitochondria-related neurological human diseases. A critical analysis of the literature suggests that the zebrafish not only lends itself to exploration of the pathological consequences of mitochondrial energy output on the nervous system but could also serve as an attractive platform for future drugs in an as yet untreatable category of human disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Fichi
- Molecular Medicine, IRCCS Stella Maris, Via dei Giacinti 2, 56028 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Valentina Naef
- Molecular Medicine, IRCCS Stella Maris, Via dei Giacinti 2, 56028 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Amilcare Barca
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Longo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Baldassare Fronte
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Tiziano Verri
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | | | - Maria Marchese
- Molecular Medicine, IRCCS Stella Maris, Via dei Giacinti 2, 56028 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Vittoria Petruzzella
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy.
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27
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Cairns R, Fischer AW, Blanco-Munoz P, Alvarez-Guaita A, Meneses-Salas E, Egert A, Buechler C, Hoy AJ, Heeren J, Enrich C, Rentero C, Grewal T. Altered hepatic glucose homeostasis in AnxA6-KO mice fed a high-fat diet. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201310. [PMID: 30110341 PMCID: PMC6093612 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Annexin A6 (AnxA6) controls cholesterol and membrane transport in endo- and exocytosis, and modulates triglyceride accumulation and storage. In addition, AnxA6 acts as a scaffolding protein for negative regulators of growth factor receptors and their effector pathways in many different cell types. Here we investigated the role of AnxA6 in the regulation of whole body lipid metabolism and insulin-regulated glucose homeostasis. Therefore, wildtype (WT) and AnxA6-knockout (KO) mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 17 weeks. During the course of HFD feeding, AnxA6-KO mice gained less weight compared to controls, which correlated with reduced adiposity. Systemic triglyceride and cholesterol levels of HFD-fed control and AnxA6-KO mice were comparable, with slightly elevated high density lipoprotein (HDL) and reduced triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) levels in AnxA6-KO mice. AnxA6-KO mice displayed a trend towards improved insulin sensitivity in oral glucose and insulin tolerance tests (OGTT, ITT), which correlated with increased insulin-inducible phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt) and ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6) in liver extracts. However, HFD-fed AnxA6-KO mice failed to downregulate hepatic gluconeogenesis, despite similar insulin levels and insulin signaling activity, as well as expression profiles of insulin-sensitive transcription factors to controls. In addition, increased glycogen storage in livers of HFD- and chow-fed AnxA6-KO animals was observed. Together with an inability to reduce glucose production upon insulin exposure in AnxA6-depleted HuH7 hepatocytes, this implicates AnxA6 contributing to the fine-tuning of hepatic glucose metabolism with potential consequences for the systemic control of glucose in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Cairns
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alexander W. Fischer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II: Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patricia Blanco-Munoz
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Alvarez-Guaita
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elsa Meneses-Salas
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonia Egert
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Christa Buechler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Regensburg University Hospital, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Andrew J. Hoy
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Science, Sydney Medical School, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Joerg Heeren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II: Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carlos Enrich
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Rentero
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail: (TG); (CR)
| | - Thomas Grewal
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- * E-mail: (TG); (CR)
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28
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Moulder DE, Hatoum D, Tay E, Lin Y, McGowan EM. The Roles of p53 in Mitochondrial Dynamics and Cancer Metabolism: The Pendulum between Survival and Death in Breast Cancer? Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10060189. [PMID: 29890631 PMCID: PMC6024909 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10060189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer research has been heavily geared towards genomic events in the development and progression of cancer. In contrast, metabolic regulation, such as aberrant metabolism in cancer, is poorly understood. Alteration in cellular metabolism was once regarded simply as a consequence of cancer rather than as playing a primary role in cancer promotion and maintenance. Resurgence of cancer metabolism research has identified critical metabolic reprogramming events within biosynthetic and bioenergetic pathways needed to fulfill the requirements of cancer cell growth and maintenance. The tumor suppressor protein p53 is emerging as a key regulator of metabolic processes and metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells—balancing the pendulum between cell death and survival. This review provides an overview of the classical and emerging non-classical tumor suppressor roles of p53 in regulating mitochondrial dynamics: mitochondrial engagement in cell death processes in the prevention of cancer. On the other hand, we discuss p53 as a key metabolic switch in cellular function and survival. The focus is then on the conceivable roles of p53 in breast cancer metabolism. Understanding the metabolic functions of p53 within breast cancer metabolism will, in due course, reveal critical metabolic hotspots that cancers advantageously re-engineer for sustenance. Illustration of these events will pave the way for finding novel therapeutics that target cancer metabolism and serve to overcome the breast cancer burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Moulder
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, Ultimo NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Diana Hatoum
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, Ultimo NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Enoch Tay
- Viral Hepatitis Pathogenesis Group, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, 176 Hawkesbury Road, Westmead NSW 2145, Australia.
| | - Yiguang Lin
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, Ultimo NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Eileen M McGowan
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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29
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Reddy PH, Manczak M, Yin X. Mitochondria-Division Inhibitor 1 Protects Against Amyloid-β induced Mitochondrial Fragmentation and Synaptic Damage in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 58:147-162. [PMID: 28409745 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose our study was to determine the protective effects of mitochondria division inhibitor 1 (Mdivi1) in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Mdivi1 is hypothesized to reduce excessive fragmentation of mitochondria and mitochondrial dysfunction in AD neurons. Very little is known about whether Mdivi1 can confer protective effects in AD. In the present study, we sought to determine the protective effects of Mdivi1 against amyloid-β (Aβ)- and mitochondrial fission protein, dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1)-induced excessive fragmentation of mitochondria in AD progression. We also studied preventive (Mdivi1+Aβ42) and intervention (Aβ42+Mdivi1) effects against Aβ42 in N2a cells. Using real-time RT-PCR and immunoblotting analysis, we measured mRNA and protein levels of mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial biogenesis, and synaptic genes. We also assessed mitochondrial function by measuring H2O2, lipid peroxidation, cytochrome oxidase activity, and mitochondrial ATP. MTT assays were used to assess the cell viability. Aβ42 was found to impair mitochondrial dynamics, lower mitochondrial biogenesis, lower synaptic activity, and lower mitochondrial function. On the contrary, Mdivi1 enhanced mitochondrial fusion activity, lowered fission machinery, and increased biogenesis and synaptic proteins. Mitochondrial function and cell viability were elevated in Mdivi1-treated cells. Interestingly, Mdivi1 pre- and post-treated cells treated with Aβ showed reduced mitochondrial dysfunction, and maintained cell viability, mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial biogenesis, and synaptic activity. The protective effects of Mdivi1 were stronger in N2a+Aβ42 pre-treated with Mdivi1, than in N2a+Aβ42 cells than Mdivi1 post-treated cells, indicating that Mdivi1 works better in prevention than treatment in AD like neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Hemachandra Reddy
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Garrison Institute on Aging, South West Campus, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Deparment of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Department of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Maria Manczak
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - XiangLing Yin
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
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Dimer NW, Ferreira BK, Agostini JF, Gomes ML, Kist LW, Malgarin F, Carvalho-Silva M, Gomes LM, Rebelo J, Frederico MJS, Silva FRMB, Rico EP, Bogo MR, Streck EL, Ferreira GC, Schuck PF. Brain bioenergetics in rats with acute hyperphenylalaninemia. Neurochem Int 2018; 117:188-203. [PMID: 29454001 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a disorder of phenylalanine (Phe) metabolism caused by deficient phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) activity. The deficiency results in increased levels of Phe and its metabolites in fluids and tissues of patients. PKU patients present neurological signs and symptoms including hypomyelination and intellectual deficit. This study assessed brain bioenergetics at 1 h after acute Phe administration to induce hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA) in rats. Wistar rats were randomized in two groups: HPA animals received a single subcutaneous administration of Phe (5.2 μmol/g) plus p-Cl-Phe (PAH inhibitor) (0.9 μmol/g); control animals received a single injection of 0.9% NaCl. In cerebral cortex, HPA group showed lower mitochondrial mass, lower glycogen levels, as well as lower activities of complexes I-III and IV, ATP synthase and citrate synthase. Higher levels of free Pi and phospho-AMPK, and higher activities of LDH, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase and isocitrate dehydrogenase were also reported in cerebral cortex of HPA animals. In striatum, HPA animals had higher LDH (pyruvate to lactate) and isocitrate dehydrogenase activities, and lower activities of α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase and complex IV, as well as lower phospho-AMPK immunocontent. In hippocampus, HPA rats had higher mRNA expression for MFN1 and higher activities of α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase and isocitrate dehydrogenase, but decreased activities of pyruvate dehydrogenase and complexes I and IV. In conclusion, our data demonstrated impaired bioenergetics in cerebral cortex, striatum and hippocampus of HPA rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nádia Weber Dimer
- Laboratório de Erros Inatos do Metabolismo, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Bruna Klippel Ferreira
- Laboratório de Erros Inatos do Metabolismo, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Laboratório de Neuroenergética e Erros Inatos do Metabolismo, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jotele Fontana Agostini
- Laboratório de Erros Inatos do Metabolismo, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza Gomes
- Laboratório de Erros Inatos do Metabolismo, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Luiza Wilges Kist
- Laboratório de Biologia Genômica e Molecular, Faculdade de Biociências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Malgarin
- Laboratório de Erros Inatos do Metabolismo, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Milena Carvalho-Silva
- Laboratório de Bioenergética, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Lara Mezari Gomes
- Laboratório de Bioenergética, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Joyce Rebelo
- Laboratório de Bioenergética, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Marisa Jádna Silva Frederico
- Laboratório de Hormônios e Transdução de Sinais, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Fátima Regina Mena Barreto Silva
- Laboratório de Hormônios e Transdução de Sinais, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Pacheco Rico
- Laboratório de Sinalização Neural e Psicofarmacologia, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Reis Bogo
- Laboratório de Biologia Genômica e Molecular, Faculdade de Biociências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Emilio Luiz Streck
- Laboratório de Bioenergética, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Costa Ferreira
- Laboratório de Neuroenergética e Erros Inatos do Metabolismo, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Fernanda Schuck
- Laboratório de Erros Inatos do Metabolismo, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
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Smith G, Gallo G. To mdivi-1 or not to mdivi-1: Is that the question? Dev Neurobiol 2017; 77:1260-1268. [PMID: 28842943 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The fission/division and fusion of mitochondria are fundamental aspects of mitochondrial biology. The balance of fission and fusion sets the length of mitochondria in cells to serve their physiological requirements. The fission of mitochondria is markedly induced in many disease states and in response to cellular injury, resulting in the fragmentation of mitochondria into dysfunctional units. The mechanism that drives fission is dependent on the dynamin related protein 1 (Drp1) GTPase. mdivi-1 is a quinazolinone originally described as a selective inhibitor of Drp1, over other dynamin family members, and reported to inhibit mitochondrial fission. A recent study has challenged the activity of mdivi-1 as an inhibitor of Drp1. This study raises serious issues regarding the interpretation of data addressing the effects of mdivi-1 as reflective of the inhibition of Drp1 and thus fission. This commentary considers the evidence for and against mdivi-1 as an inhibitor of Drp1 and presents the following considerations; (1) the activity of mdivi-1 toward Drp1 GTPase activity requires further biochemical investigation, (2) as there is a large body of literature using mdivi-1 in vitro with effects as predicted for inhibition of Drp1 and mitochondrial fission, reviewed herein, the evidence is in favor of mdivi-1's originally described bioactivity, and (3) until the issue is resolved, experimental interpretations for the effects of mdivi-1 on inhibition of fission in cell and tissue experiments warrants stringent positive controls directly addressing the effects of mdivi-1 on fission. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 77: 1260-1268, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Smith
- Department of Neuroscience, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19140
| | - Gianluca Gallo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19140
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Grewal T, Wason SJ, Enrich C, Rentero C. Annexins - insights from knockout mice. Biol Chem 2017; 397:1031-53. [PMID: 27318360 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2016-0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Annexins are a highly conserved protein family that bind to phospholipids in a calcium (Ca2+) - dependent manner. Studies with purified annexins, as well as overexpression and knockdown approaches identified multiple functions predominantly linked to their dynamic and reversible membrane binding behavior. However, most annexins are found at multiple locations and interact with numerous proteins. Furthermore, similar membrane binding characteristics, overlapping localizations and shared interaction partners have complicated identification of their precise functions. To gain insight into annexin function in vivo, mouse models deficient of annexin A1 (AnxA1), A2, A4, A5, A6 and A7 have been generated. Interestingly, with the exception of one study, all mice strains lacking one or even two annexins are viable and develop normally. This suggested redundancy within annexins, but examining these knockout (KO) strains under stress conditions revealed striking phenotypes, identifying underlying mechanisms specific for individual annexins, often supporting Ca2+ homeostasis and membrane transport as central for annexin biology. Conversely, mice lacking AnxA1 or A2 show extracellular functions relevant in health and disease that appear independent of membrane trafficking or Ca2+ signaling. This review will summarize the mechanistic insights gained from studies utilizing mouse models lacking members of the annexin family.
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Rogers MA, Maldonado N, Hutcheson JD, Goettsch C, Goto S, Yamada I, Faits T, Sesaki H, Aikawa M, Aikawa E. Dynamin-Related Protein 1 Inhibition Attenuates Cardiovascular Calcification in the Presence of Oxidative Stress. Circ Res 2017; 121:220-233. [PMID: 28607103 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.310293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Mitochondrial changes occur during cell differentiation and cardiovascular disease. DRP1 (dynamin-related protein 1) is a key regulator of mitochondrial fission. We hypothesized that DRP1 plays a role in cardiovascular calcification, a process involving cell differentiation and a major clinical problem with high unmet needs. OBJECTIVE To examine the effects of osteogenic promoting conditions on DRP1 and whether DRP1 inhibition alters the development of cardiovascular calcification. METHODS AND RESULTS DRP1 was enriched in calcified regions of human carotid arteries, examined by immunohistochemistry. Osteogenic differentiation of primary human vascular smooth muscle cells increased DRP1 expression. DRP1 inhibition in human smooth muscle cells undergoing osteogenic differentiation attenuated matrix mineralization, cytoskeletal rearrangement, mitochondrial dysfunction, and reduced type 1 collagen secretion and alkaline phosphatase activity. DRP1 protein was observed in calcified human aortic valves, and DRP1 RNA interference reduced primary human valve interstitial cell calcification. Mice heterozygous for Drp1 deletion did not exhibit altered vascular pathology in a proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 gain-of-function atherosclerosis model. However, when mineralization was induced via oxidative stress, DRP1 inhibition attenuated mouse and human smooth muscle cell calcification. Femur bone density was unchanged in mice heterozygous for Drp1 deletion, and DRP1 inhibition attenuated oxidative stress-mediated dysfunction in human bone osteoblasts. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate a new function of DRP1 in regulating collagen secretion and cardiovascular calcification, a novel area of exploration for the potential development of new therapies to modify cellular fibrocalcific response in cardiovascular diseases. Our data also support a role of mitochondrial dynamics in regulating oxidative stress-mediated arterial calcium accrual and bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximillian A Rogers
- From the Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (M.A.R., N.M., J.D.H., C.G., S.G., I.Y., T.F., M.A., E.A.) and Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (M.A., E.A.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.S.)
| | - Natalia Maldonado
- From the Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (M.A.R., N.M., J.D.H., C.G., S.G., I.Y., T.F., M.A., E.A.) and Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (M.A., E.A.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.S.)
| | - Joshua D Hutcheson
- From the Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (M.A.R., N.M., J.D.H., C.G., S.G., I.Y., T.F., M.A., E.A.) and Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (M.A., E.A.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.S.)
| | - Claudia Goettsch
- From the Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (M.A.R., N.M., J.D.H., C.G., S.G., I.Y., T.F., M.A., E.A.) and Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (M.A., E.A.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.S.)
| | - Shinji Goto
- From the Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (M.A.R., N.M., J.D.H., C.G., S.G., I.Y., T.F., M.A., E.A.) and Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (M.A., E.A.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.S.)
| | - Iwao Yamada
- From the Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (M.A.R., N.M., J.D.H., C.G., S.G., I.Y., T.F., M.A., E.A.) and Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (M.A., E.A.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.S.)
| | - Tyler Faits
- From the Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (M.A.R., N.M., J.D.H., C.G., S.G., I.Y., T.F., M.A., E.A.) and Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (M.A., E.A.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.S.)
| | - Hiromi Sesaki
- From the Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (M.A.R., N.M., J.D.H., C.G., S.G., I.Y., T.F., M.A., E.A.) and Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (M.A., E.A.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.S.)
| | - Masanori Aikawa
- From the Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (M.A.R., N.M., J.D.H., C.G., S.G., I.Y., T.F., M.A., E.A.) and Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (M.A., E.A.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.S.)
| | - Elena Aikawa
- From the Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (M.A.R., N.M., J.D.H., C.G., S.G., I.Y., T.F., M.A., E.A.) and Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (M.A., E.A.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.S.).
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Li Y, Wang M, Wang S. Effect of inhibiting mitochondrial fission on energy metabolism in rat hippocampal neurons during ischemia/reperfusion injury. Neurol Res 2016; 38:1027-1034. [PMID: 30919739 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2016.1215050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies have shown that mitochondrial division inhibitor 1 (mdivi-1) protects rat brain from ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, but the precise mechanisms are unclear. This study aims to elucidate the effect of mdivi-1 on energy metabolism and neuronal apoptosis induced by I/R in vitro. METHODS Cultured hippocampal neurons from Wistar rats were randomly divided into four treatment groups: control (C), vehicle (V), I/R (I), and I/R plus mdivi-1 (M). Ischemia/reperfusion was induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation for 6 h followed by normoxic/normoglycemic reperfusion for 20 h. Neurons in the M group were pretreated with mdivi-1 for 40 min before I/R. Expression levels of the mdiv-1 target dynamin-related protein 1 and apoptosis regulators Bcl-2 and Bax were examined by Western blotting. Mitochondrial membrane potential ( ) was measured by flow cytometry. Intracellular ATP content and the activities of mitochondrial complexes I-IV, Na+-K+-ATPase, and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase were measured by standard assays. RESULTS Compared to group I neurons, group M neurons exhibited markedly reduced Drp-1 and Bax expression, higher Bcl-2 expression, , and intracellular ATP, and elevated mitochondrial complex I-IV, Na+-K+-ATPase, and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activities. CONCLUSION Inhibition of mitochondrial fission significantly improved mitochondrial function and suppressed apoptotic signaling induced by I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- a Department of Anesthesiology , Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College , Qingdo , China
| | - Min Wang
- b Department of Anesthesiology , Zibo Central Hospital , Zibo , China
| | - Shilei Wang
- a Department of Anesthesiology , Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College , Qingdo , China
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Dongsheng H, Zhuo Z, Jiamin L, Hailan M, Lijuan H, Fan C, Dan Y, He Z, Yun X. Proteomic Analysis of the Peri-Infarct Area after Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation in Experimental Stroke. Aging Dis 2016; 7:623-634. [PMID: 27699085 PMCID: PMC5036957 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2016.0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Among various therapeutic approaches for stroke, treatment with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) has acquired some promising results. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We analyzed the protein expression spectrum of the cortical peri-infarction region after ischemic stroke followed by treatment with hUC-MSCs, and found 16 proteins expressed differentially between groups treated with or without hUC-MSCs. These proteins were further determined by Gene Ontology term analysis and network with CD200-CD200R1, CCL21-CXCR3 and transcription factors. Three of them: Abca13, Grb2 and Ptgds were verified by qPCR and ELISA. We found the protein level of Abca13 and the mRNA level of Grb2 consistent with results from the proteomic analysis. Finally, the function of these proteins was described and the potential proteins that deserve to be further studied was also highlighted. Our data may provide possible underlying mechanisms for the treatment of stroke using hUC-MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Dongsheng
- 1Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, and; 2Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.; 3The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; 5Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing 210008, China; 6Nanjing Neuropsychiatry Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zhang Zhuo
- 4Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Lao Jiamin
- 1Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, and; 2Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.; 3The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; 5Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing 210008, China; 6Nanjing Neuropsychiatry Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Meng Hailan
- 1Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, and; 2Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.; 3The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; 5Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing 210008, China; 6Nanjing Neuropsychiatry Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Han Lijuan
- 1Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, and; 2Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.; 3The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; 5Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing 210008, China; 6Nanjing Neuropsychiatry Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Chen Fan
- 1Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, and; 2Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.; 3The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; 5Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing 210008, China; 6Nanjing Neuropsychiatry Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Ye Dan
- 1Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, and; 2Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.; 3The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; 5Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing 210008, China; 6Nanjing Neuropsychiatry Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zhang He
- 1Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, and; 2Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.; 3The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; 5Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing 210008, China; 6Nanjing Neuropsychiatry Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xu Yun
- 1Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, and; 2Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.; 3The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; 5Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing 210008, China; 6Nanjing Neuropsychiatry Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing 210008, China
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Rizzo F, Ronchi D, Salani S, Nizzardo M, Fortunato F, Bordoni A, Stuppia G, Del Bo R, Piga D, Fato R, Bresolin N, Comi GP, Corti S. Selective mitochondrial depletion, apoptosis resistance, and increased mitophagy in human Charcot-Marie-Tooth 2A motor neurons. Hum Mol Genet 2016; 25:4266-4281. [PMID: 27506976 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Charcot-Marie-Tooth 2A (CMT2A) is an inherited peripheral neuropathy caused by mutations in MFN2, which encodes a mitochondrial membrane protein involved in mitochondrial network homeostasis. Because MFN2 is expressed ubiquitously, the reason for selective motor neuron (MN) involvement in CMT2A is unclear. To address this question, we generated MNs from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) obtained from the patients with CMT2A as an in vitro disease model. CMT2A iPSC-derived MNs (CMT2A-MNs) exhibited a global reduction in mitochondrial content and altered mitochondrial positioning without significant differences in survival and axon elongation. RNA sequencing profiles and protein studies of key components of the apoptotic executioner program (i.e. p53, BAX, caspase 8, cleaved caspase 3, and the anti-apoptotic marker Bcl2) demonstrated that CMT2A-MNs are more resistant to apoptosis than wild-type MNs. Exploring the balance between mitochondrial biogenesis and the regulation of autophagy-lysosome transcription, we observed an increased autophagic flux in CMT2A-MNs that was associated with increased expression of PINK1, PARK2, BNIP3, and a splice variant of BECN1 that was recently demonstrated to be a trigger for mitochondrial autophagic removal. Taken together, these data suggest that the striking reduction in mitochondria in MNs expressing mutant MFN2 is not the result of impaired biogenesis, but more likely the consequence of enhanced mitophagy. Thus, these pathways represent possible novel molecular therapeutic targets for the development of an effective cure for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Rizzo
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Dario Ronchi
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabrina Salani
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Nizzardo
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Fortunato
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Andreina Bordoni
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Stuppia
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Del Bo
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Piga
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotecnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nereo Bresolin
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo P Comi
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Corti
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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Tan Y, Wang Q, Zhao B, She Y, Bi X. GNB2 is a mediator of lidocaine-induced apoptosis in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells. Neurotoxicology 2016; 54:53-64. [PMID: 27018092 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2016.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Lidocaine has been recognized to induce neurotoxicity. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this effect, especially the critical molecules in cells that mediated the lidocaine-induced apoptosis were unclear. In the present study, PC12 cells were administrated with lidocaine for 48h. Using MTT assay and flow cytometry, we found lidocaine significantly decreased the cell proliferation and S phases in PC12 cells with treatment concentrations, and significantly enhanced cell apoptosis with treatment concentrations. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) analysis and LC-MS/MS were used to identification of protein biomarkers. Six proteins were identified. Among them, three were up-expressed including ANXA6, GNB2 and STMN1, other three were down-expressed including ubiquitin-linke protein 7 (UBL7), DDAH2 and BLVRB. Using qRT-PCR, we confirmed that lidocaine up-regulated the mRNA expression of STMN1, GNB2, ANXA6 and DDAH2, and found that the GNB2 had the largest change (about increased by 6.4 folds). The up-regulation of GNB2 by lidocaine was also validated by western blot. After transfected with 100μM GNB2-Rat-453 siRNA, the expression of GNB2 in PC12 cells was almost completely inhibited; and the cell proliferation and cells in S phases were significantly enhanced, cell apoptosis including both early apoptosis and later apoptosis were significantly reduced in the presence of 0.5mM lidocaine for 48h. Therefore, neuronal apoptosis was induced by lidocaine and this effect was mediated by GNB2. Further research is needed to assess the clinical relevance and exact mechanism of neuronal apoptosis caused by lidocaine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Tan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong, China.
| | - Qiong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong, China.
| | - Baisong Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yingjun She
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xiaobao Bi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong, China.
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Annexin A6 regulates interleukin-2-mediated T-cell proliferation. Immunol Cell Biol 2016; 94:543-53. [PMID: 26853809 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2016.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Annexin A6 (AnxA6) has been implicated in cell signalling by contributing to the organisation of the plasma membrane. Here we examined whether AnxA6 regulates signalling and proliferation in T cells. We used a contact hypersensitivity model to immune challenge wild-type (WT) and AnxA6(-/-) mice and found that the in vivo proliferation of CD4(+) T cells, but not CD8(+) T cells, was impaired in AnxA6(-/-) relative to WT mice. However, T-cell migration and signalling through the T-cell receptor ex vivo was similar between T cells isolated from AnxA6(-/-) and WT mice. In contrast, interleukin-2 (IL-2) signalling was reduced in AnxA6(-/-) compared with WT T cells. Further, AnxA6-deficient T cells had reduced membrane order and cholesterol levels. Taken together, our data suggest that AnxA6 regulates IL-2 homeostasis and sensitivity in T cells by sustaining a lipid raft-like membrane environment.
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Abstract
In addition to oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), mitochondria perform other functions such as heme biosynthesis and oxygen sensing and mediate calcium homeostasis, cell growth, and cell death. They participate in cell communication and regulation of inflammation and are important considerations in aging, drug toxicity, and pathogenesis. The cell's capacity to maintain its mitochondria involves intramitochondrial processes, such as heme and protein turnover, and those involving entire organelles, such as fusion, fission, selective mitochondrial macroautophagy (mitophagy), and mitochondrial biogenesis. The integration of these processes exemplifies mitochondrial quality control (QC), which is also important in cellular disorders ranging from primary mitochondrial genetic diseases to those that involve mitochondria secondarily, such as neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, inflammatory, and metabolic syndromes. Consequently, mitochondrial biology represents a potentially useful, but relatively unexploited area of therapeutic innovation. In patients with genetic OXPHOS disorders, the largest group of inborn errors of metabolism, effective therapies, apart from symptomatic and nutritional measures, are largely lacking. Moreover, the genetic and biochemical heterogeneity of these states is remarkably similar to those of certain acquired diseases characterized by metabolic and oxidative stress and displaying wide variability. This biologic variability reflects cell-specific and repair processes that complicate rational pharmacological approaches to both primary and secondary mitochondrial disorders. However, emerging concepts of mitochondrial turnover and dynamics along with new mitochondrial disease models are providing opportunities to develop and evaluate mitochondrial QC-based therapies. The goals of such therapies extend beyond amelioration of energy insufficiency and tissue loss and entail cell repair, cell replacement, and the prevention of fibrosis. This review summarizes current concepts of mitochondria as disease elements and outlines novel strategies to address mitochondrial dysfunction through the stimulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagir B Suliman
- Departments of Medicine (C.A.P.), Anesthesiology (H.B.S.), Duke Cancer Institute (H.B.S.), and Pathology (C.A.P.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham North Carolina
| | - Claude A Piantadosi
- Departments of Medicine (C.A.P.), Anesthesiology (H.B.S.), Duke Cancer Institute (H.B.S.), and Pathology (C.A.P.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham North Carolina
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Manczak M, Reddy PH. Mitochondrial division inhibitor 1 protects against mutant huntingtin-induced abnormal mitochondrial dynamics and neuronal damage in Huntington's disease. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:7308-25. [PMID: 26464486 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the protective effects of the mitochondrial division inhibitor 1 (Mdivi1) in striatal neurons that stably express mutant Htt (STHDhQ111/Q111) and wild-type (WT) Htt (STHDhQ7/Q7). Using gene expression analysis, biochemical methods, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and confocal microscopy methods, we studied (i) mitochondrial and synaptic activities by measuring mRNA and the protein levels of mitochondrial and synaptic genes, (ii) mitochondrial function and (iii) ultra-structural changes in mutant Htt neurons relative to WT Htt neurons. We also studied these parameters in Mdivil-treated and untreated WT and mutant Htt neurons. Increased expressions of mitochondrial fission genes, decreased expression of fusion genes and synaptic genes were found in the mutant Htt neurons relative to the WT Htt neurons. Electron microscopy of the mutant Htt neurons revealed a significantly increased number of mitochondria, indicating that mutant Htt fragments mitochondria. Biochemical analysis revealed defective mitochondrial functioning. In the Mdivil-treated mutant Htt neurons, fission genes were down-regulated, and fusion genes were up-regulated, suggesting that Mdivil decreases fission activity. Synaptic genes were up-regulated, and mitochondrial function was normal in the Mdivi1-treated mutant Htt neurons. Immunoblotting findings of mitochondrial and synaptic proteins agreed with mRNA findings. The TEM studies revealed that increased numbers of structurally intact mitochondria were present in Mdivi1-treated mutant Htt neurons. Increased synaptic and mitochondrial fusion genes and decreased fission genes were found in the Mdivi1-treated WT Htt neurons, indicating that Mdivi1 beneficially affects healthy neurons. Taken together, these findings suggest that Mdivi1 is protective against mutant Htt-induced mitochondrial and synaptic damage in HD neurons and that Mdivi1 may be a promising molecule for the treatment of HD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Garrison Institute on Aging and Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Neuroscience/Pharmacology and Neurology Departments, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
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Banerjee P, Chander V, Bandyopadhyay A. Balancing functions of annexin A6 maintain equilibrium between hypertrophy and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1873. [PMID: 26335715 PMCID: PMC4650436 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2015] [Revised: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is a major risk factor associated with heart failure, a state concomitant with increased cell death. However, the mechanism governing progression of hypertrophy to apoptosis at the single-cell level remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate annexin A6 (Anxa6), a calcium (Ca(2+))-dependent phospholipid-binding protein critically regulates the transition of chronic hypertrophied cardiomyocytes to apoptosis. Treatment of the H9c2(2-1) cardiomyocytes with hypertrophic agonists upregulates and relocalizes Anxa6 with increased cytosolic punctate appearance. Live cell imaging revealed that chronic exposure to hypertrophic agonists such as phenylephrine (PE) compromises the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and morphological dynamics. Such chronic hypertrophic induction also activated the caspases 9 and 3 and induced cleavage of the poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (Parp1), which are the typical downstream events in the mitochondrial pathways of apoptosis. An increased rate of apoptosis was evident in the hypertrophied cardiomyocytes after 48-72 h of treatment with the hypertrophic agonists. Anxa6 was progressively associated with the mitochondrial fraction under chronic hypertrophic stimulation, and Anxa6 knockdown severely abrogated mitochondrial network and dynamics. Ectopically expressed Anxa6 protected the mitochondrial morphology and dynamics under PE treatment, and also increased the cellular susceptibility to apoptosis. Biochemical analysis showed that Anxa6 interacts with Parp1 and its 89 kDa cleaved product in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner through the N-terminal residues (1-28). Furthermore, expression of Anxa6(S13E), a mutant dominant negative with respect to Parp1 binding, served as an enhancer of mitochondrial dynamics, even under chronic PE treatment. Chemical inhibition of Parp1 activity released the cellular vulnerability to apoptosis in Anxa6-expressing stable cell lines, thereby shifting the equilibrium away from cell death. Taken together, the present study depicts a dual regulatory function of Anxa6 that is crucial for balancing hypertrophy with apoptosis in cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Banerjee
- Cell Biology and Physiology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja SC Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, West Bengal, India
| | - V Chander
- Cell Biology and Physiology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja SC Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, West Bengal, India
| | - A Bandyopadhyay
- Cell Biology and Physiology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja SC Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, West Bengal, India
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Singh A, Ahluwalia P, Rafiq A, Sharma S. Biomarkers: Non-destructive Method for Predicting Meat Tenderization. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2015. [PMID: 26147251 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2015.1015716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Meat tenderness is the primary and most important quality attribute for the consumers worldwide. Tenderness is the process of breakdown of collagen tissue in meat to make it palatable. The earlier methods of tenderness evaluation like taste panels and shear force methods are destructive, time consuming and ill suited as they requires removing a piece of steak from the carcass for performing the test. Therefore, a non-destructive method for predicting the tenderness would be more desirable. The development of a meat quality grading and guarantee system through muscle profiling research can help to meet this demand. Biomarkers have the ability to identify if an exposure has occurred. Biomarkers of the meat quality are of prime importance for meat industry, which has ability to satisfy consumers' expectations. The biomarkers so far identified have been then sorted and grouped according to their common biological functions. All of them refer to a series of biological pathways including glycolytic and oxidative energy production, cell detoxification, protease inhibition and production of Heat Shock Proteins. On this basis, a detailed analysis of these metabolic pathways helps in identifying tenderization of meat having some domains of interest. It was, therefore, stressed forward that biomarkers can be used to determine meat tenderness. This review article summarizes the uses of several biomarkers for predicting the meat tenderness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arashdeep Singh
- a Department of Food Science and Technology , Punjab Agricultural University , Ludhiana , 141004
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Zhao L, Li S, Wang S, Yu N, Liu J. The effect of mitochondrial calcium uniporter on mitochondrial fission in hippocampus cells ischemia/reperfusion injury. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 461:537-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.04.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Shah A, Taneyhill LA. Differential expression pattern of Annexin A6 in chick neural crest and placode cells during cranial gangliogenesis. Gene Expr Patterns 2015; 18:21-8. [PMID: 25976293 DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The cranial trigeminal and epibranchial ganglia are components of the peripheral nervous system that possess an important somatosensory role. These ganglia arise from the intermixing and coalescence of two different migratory cell types, neural crest cells and neurogenic placodes cells, and thus typify the phenomena of cell migration and intercellular interactions for their creation. The underlying molecular mechanisms of ganglia formation, however, are still poorly understood. To address this, we have analyzed the spatio-temporal expression profile of Annexin A6 during chick gangliogenesis, as Annexin proteins play important, conserved roles in ganglia development and physiology. We observe Annexin A6 protein in cranial neural crest cells prior to, during and after their emergence from the neural tube. Fully migratory cranial neural crest cells, however, are devoid of Annexin A6. Interestingly, we note Annexin A6 protein in trigeminal and epibranchial placode cells as these cells ingress from the ectoderm to initiate ganglia formation. This expression is also maintained in the sensory placodes later on when they coalesce with neural crest cells to assemble the cranial ganglia. These results suggest that the dynamic expression of Annexin A6 in various embryonic cell types may allow Annexin A6 to serve distinct functions throughout embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Shah
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Lisa A Taneyhill
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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Reddy PH. Inhibitors of mitochondrial fission as a therapeutic strategy for diseases with oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. J Alzheimers Dis 2015; 40:245-56. [PMID: 24413616 DOI: 10.3233/jad-132060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential cytoplasmic organelles, critical for cell survival and death. Recent mitochondrial research revealed that mitochondrial dynamics-the balance of fission and fusion in normal mitochondrial dynamics--is an important cellular mechanism in eukaryotic cell and is involved in the maintenance of mitochondrial morphology, structure, number, distribution, and function. Research into mitochondria and cell function has revealed that mitochondrial dynamics is impaired in a large number of aging and neurodegenerative diseases, and in several inherited mitochondrial diseases, and that this impairment involves excessive mitochondrial fission, resulting in mitochondrial structural changes and dysfunction, and cell damage. Attempts have been made to develop molecules to reduce mitochondrial fission while maintaining normal mitochondrial fusion and function in those diseases that involve excessive mitochondrial fission. This review article discusses mechanisms of mitochondrial fission in normal and diseased states of mammalian cells and discusses research aimed at developing therapies, such as Mdivi, Dynasore and P110, to prevent or to inhibit excessive mitochondrial fission.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Hemachandra Reddy
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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Ivanišević Malčić A, Breen L, Josić D, Jukić Krmek S, Džombeta T, Matijević J, Grgurević L, Pavelić K, Krušlin B, Kraljević Pavelić S. Proteomics profiling of keratocystic odontogenic tumours reveals AIDA as novel biomarker candidate. J Oral Pathol Med 2014; 44:367-77. [PMID: 25040847 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Keratocystic odontogenic tumour (KCOT) is a benign, yet aggressive odontogenic tumour. Herein, proteome analysis of KCOT lesions in comparison with control patient-matched tissue unaffected by the disease and with inflammatory odontogenic cysts, namely radicular cysts is presented. METHODS For the proteomics profiling, two complementary proteomics techniques MALDI-MS/MS and LC-ESI-MS/MS were employed. Potential candidate biomarkers were validated by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS More than 43 proteins were found to be differentially expressed or up-regulated in KCOT lesions in comparison with patient-matched unaffected oral mucosa. These proteins bear important biological functions and are involved in cell proliferation, cytoskeletal re-organization, transcription, cellular motility and apoptosis. In particular, a number of differentially expressed proteins participate in autocrine regulation and signalization within JNK and p38 MAPK signalling pathways. CONCLUSIONS Immunohistochemical validation of chosen putative biomarkers revealed axin interaction partner and dorsalization-antagonist (AIDA), known as a protein that blocks activation of JNK signalling pathway, as a differential biomarker for KCOT lesions on an independent cohort of KCOT tissue samples in comparison with most prevalent intra-oseal lesions inflammatory odontogenic cysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Ivanišević Malčić
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Hoque M, Rentero C, Cairns R, Tebar F, Enrich C, Grewal T. Annexins — Scaffolds modulating PKC localization and signaling. Cell Signal 2014; 26:1213-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Increased mitochondrial fission and neuronal dysfunction in Huntington's disease: implications for molecular inhibitors of excessive mitochondrial fission. Drug Discov Today 2014; 19:951-5. [PMID: 24681059 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2014.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a fatal, progressive neurodegenerative disease with an autosomal dominant inheritance, characterized by chorea, involuntary movements of the limbs and cognitive impairments. Since identification of the HD gene in 1993, tremendous progress has been made in identifying underlying mechanisms involved in HD pathogenesis and progression, and in developing and testing molecular therapeutic targets, using cell and animal models of HD. Recent studies have found that mutant Huntingtin (mHtt) interacts with Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), causing excessive fragmentation of mitochondria, leading to abnormal mitochondrial dynamics and neuronal damage in HD-affected neurons. Some progress has been made in developing molecules that can reduce excessive mitochondrial fission while maintaining both the normal balance between mitochondrial fusion and fission, and normal mitochondrial function in diseases in which excessive mitochondrial fission has been implicated. In this article, we highlight investigations that are determining the involvement of excessive mitochondrial fission in HD pathogenesis, and that are developing inhibitors of excessive mitochondrial fission for potential therapeutic applications.
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Banerjee P, Bandyopadhyay A. Cytosolic dynamics of annexin A6 trigger feedback regulation of hypertrophy via atrial natriuretic peptide in cardiomyocytes. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:5371-85. [PMID: 24403064 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.514810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Malfunctions in regulatory pathways that control cell size are prominent in pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Here, we show annexin A6 (Anxa6) to be a crucial regulator of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)-mediated counterhypertrophic responses in cardiomyocytes. Adrenergic stimulation of H9c2 cardiomyocytes by phenylephrine (PE) increased the cell size with enhanced expression of biochemical markers of hypertrophy, concomitant with elevated expression and subcellular redistribution of Anxa6. Stable cell lines with controlled increase in Anxa6 levels were protected against PE-induced adverse changes, whereas Anxa6 knockdown augmented the hypertrophic responses. Strikingly, Anxa6 knockdown also abrogated PE-induced juxtanuclear accumulation of secretory granules (SG) containing ANP propeptides (pro-ANP), a signature of maladaptive hypertrophy having counteractive functions. Mechanistically, PE treatment prompted a dynamic association of Anxa6 with pro-ANP-SG, parallel to their participation in anterograde traffic, in an isoform-specific fashion. Moreover, Anxa6 mutants that failed to associate with pro-ANP hindered ANP-mediated protection against hypertrophy, which was rescued, at least partially, by WT Anxa6. Additionally, elevated intracellular calcium (Ca(2+)) stimulated Anxa6-pro-ANP colocalization and membrane association. It also rescued pro-ANP translocation in cells expressing an Anxa6 mutant (Anxa6(ΔC)). Furthermore, stable overexpression of Anxa6(T356D), a mutant with superior flexibility, provided enhanced protection against PE, compared with WT, presumably due to enhanced membrane-binding capacity. Together, the present study delivers a cooperative mechanism where Anxa6 potentiates ANP-dependent counterhypertrophic responses in cardiomyocytes by facilitating regulated traffic of pro-ANP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyam Banerjee
- From the Cell Biology and Physiology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata-700 032, West Bengal, India
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Ouali A, Gagaoua M, Boudida Y, Becila S, Boudjellal A, Herrera-Mendez CH, Sentandreu MA. Biomarkers of meat tenderness: Present knowledge and perspectives in regards to our current understanding of the mechanisms involved. Meat Sci 2013; 95:854-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2013] [Revised: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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