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Deng W, Liu C, Cheng Q, Yang J, Chen W, Huang Y, Hu Y, Guan J, Weng J, Wang Z, Chen C. Predicting the risk of pulmonary infection in patients with chronic kidney failure: A-C 2GH 2S risk score-a retrospective study. Int Urol Nephrol 2024; 56:2391-2402. [PMID: 38436825 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-024-03953-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this study is to investigate the associated risk factors of pulmonary infection in individuals diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The primary goal is to develop a predictive model that can anticipate the likelihood of pulmonary infection during hospitalization among CKD patients. METHODS This retrospective cohort study was conducted at two prominent tertiary teaching hospitals. Three distinct models were formulated employing three different approaches: (1) the statistics-driven model, (2) the clinical knowledge-driven model, and (3) the decision tree model. The simplest and most efficient model was obtained by comparing their predictive power, stability, and practicability. RESULTS This study involved a total of 971 patients, with 388 individuals comprising the modeling group and 583 individuals comprising the validation group. Three different models, namely Models A, B, and C, were utilized, resulting in the identification of seven, four, and eleven predictors, respectively. Ultimately, a statistical knowledge-driven model was selected, which exhibited a C-statistic of 0.891 (0.855-0.927) and a Brier score of 0.012. Furthermore, the Hosmer-Lemeshow test indicated that the model demonstrated good calibration. Additionally, Model A displayed a satisfactory C-statistic of 0.883 (0.856-0.911) during external validation. The statistical-driven model, known as the A-C2GH2S risk score (which incorporates factors such as albumin, C2 [previous COPD history, blood calcium], random venous blood glucose, H2 [hemoglobin, high-density lipoprotein], and smoking), was utilized to determine the risk score for the incidence rate of lung infection in patients with CKD. The findings revealed a gradual increase in the occurrence of pulmonary infections, ranging from 1.84% for individuals with an A-C2GH2S Risk Score ≤ 6, to 93.96% for those with an A-C2GH2S Risk Score ≥ 18.5. CONCLUSION A predictive model comprising seven predictors was developed to forecast pulmonary infection in patients with CKD. This model is characterized by its simplicity, practicality, and it also has good specificity and sensitivity after verification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Deng
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qianhui Cheng
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingwen Yang
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Wenwen Chen
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yao Huang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiangan Guan
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Weng
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Zhiyi Wang
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Chan Chen
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
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Sylvers-Davie KL, Bierstedt KC, Schnieders MJ, Davies BSJ. Endothelial lipase variant T111I does not alter inhibition by angiopoietin-like proteins. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4246. [PMID: 38379026 PMCID: PMC10879187 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54705-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
High levels of HDL-C are correlated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease. HDL-C levels are modulated in part by the secreted phospholipase, endothelial lipase (EL), which hydrolyzes the phospholipids of HDL and decreases circulating HDL-C concentrations. A 584C/T polymorphism in LIPG, the gene which encodes EL, was first identified in individuals with increased HDL levels. This polymorphism results in a T111I point mutation the EL protein. The association between this variant, HDL levels, and the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) in humans has been extensively studied, but the findings have been inconsistent. In this study, we took a biochemical approach, investigating how the T111I variant affected EL activity, structure, and stability. Moreover, we tested whether the T111I variant altered the inhibition of phospholipase activity by angiopoietin-like 3 (ANGPTL3) and angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4), two known EL inhibitors. We found that neither the stability nor enzymatic activity of EL was altered by the T111I variant. Moreover, we found no difference between wild-type and T111I EL in their ability to be inhibited by ANGPTL proteins. These data suggest that any effect this variant may have on HDL-C levels or cardiovascular disease are not mediated through alterations in these functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelli L Sylvers-Davie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Iowa, 169 Newton Rd., PBDB 3326, Iowa, IA, 52242, USA
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Kaleb C Bierstedt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Iowa, 169 Newton Rd., PBDB 3326, Iowa, IA, 52242, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Michael J Schnieders
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Iowa, 169 Newton Rd., PBDB 3326, Iowa, IA, 52242, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Brandon S J Davies
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Iowa, 169 Newton Rd., PBDB 3326, Iowa, IA, 52242, USA.
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, 52242, USA.
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Qi Y, Zhang J, Lin J, Yang J, Guan J, Li K, Weng J, Wang Z, Chen C, Xu H. Predicting the risk of acute respiratory failure among asthma patients-the A2-BEST2 risk score: a retrospective study. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16211. [PMID: 37901467 PMCID: PMC10607202 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Acute respiratory failure (ARF) is a common complication of bronchial asthma (BA). ARF onset increases the risk of patient death. This study aims to develop a predictive model for ARF in BA patients during hospitalization. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study carried out at two large tertiary hospitals. Three models were developed using three different ways: (1) the statistics-driven model, (2) the clinical knowledge-driven model, and (3) the decision tree model. The simplest and most efficient model was obtained by comparing their predictive power, stability, and practicability. Results This study included 398 patients, with 298 constituting the modeling group and 100 constituting the validation group. Models A, B, and C yielded seven, seven, and eleven predictors, respectively. Finally, we chose the clinical knowledge-driven model, whose C-statistics and Brier scores were 0.862 (0.820-0.904) and 0.1320, respectively. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test revealed that this model had good calibration. The clinical knowledge-driven model demonstrated satisfactory C-statistics during external and internal validation, with values of 0.890 (0.815-0.965) and 0.854 (0.820-0.900), respectively. A risk score for ARF incidence was created: The A2-BEST2 Risk Score (A2 (area of pulmonary infection, albumin), BMI, Economic condition, Smoking, and T2(hormone initiation Time and long-term regular medication Treatment)). ARF incidence increased gradually from 1.37% (The A2-BEST2 Risk Score ≤ 4) to 90.32% (A2-BEST2 Risk Score ≥ 11.5). Conclusion We constructed a predictive model of seven predictors to predict ARF in BA patients. This predictor's model is simple, practical, and supported by existing clinical knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Qi
- General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiaying Lin
- General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- General Practice, Taizhou Women and Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Jingwen Yang
- General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- General Practice, Taizhou Women and Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Jiangan Guan
- Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Keying Li
- General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jie Weng
- General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Wenzhou Medicial University, Sourthern Zhejiang Institute of Radiation Medicine and Nuclear Technology, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhiyi Wang
- General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Wenzhou Medicial University, Sourthern Zhejiang Institute of Radiation Medicine and Nuclear Technology, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chan Chen
- Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Wenzhou Medicial University, Sourthern Zhejiang Institute of Radiation Medicine and Nuclear Technology, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hui Xu
- General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Wenzhou Medicial University, Sourthern Zhejiang Institute of Radiation Medicine and Nuclear Technology, Wenzhou, China
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Sylvers-Davie KL, Bierstedt KC, Schnieders MJ, Davies BSJ. Endothelial Lipase Variant, T111I, Does Not Alter Inhibition by Angiopoietin-like Proteins. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.18.553740. [PMID: 37693454 PMCID: PMC10491130 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.18.553740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
High levels of HDL-C are correlated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease. HDL-C levels are modulated in part by the secreted phospholipase, endothelial lipase (EL), which hydrolyzes the phospholipids of HDL and decreases circulating HDL-C concentrations. A 584C/T polymorphism in LIPG, the gene which encodes EL, was first identified in individuals with increased HDL levels. This polymorphism results in a T111I point mutation the EL protein. The association between this variant, HDL levels, and the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) in humans has been extensively studied, but the findings have been inconsistent. In this study, we took a biochemical approach, investigating how the T111I variant affected EL activity, structure, and stability. Moreover, we tested whether the T111I variant altered the inhibition of phospholipase activity by angiopoietin-like 3 (ANGPTL3) and angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4), two known EL inhibitors. We found that neither the stability nor enzymatic activity of EL was altered by the T111I variant. Moreover, we found no difference between wild-type and T111I EL in their ability to be inhibited by ANGPTL proteins. These data suggest that any effect this variant may have on HDL-C levels or cardiovascular disease are not mediated through alterations in these functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelli L. Sylvers-Davie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Kaleb C. Bierstedt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Michael J. Schnieders
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Brandon S. J. Davies
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
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Pisciotta L, Ossoli A, Ronca A, Garuti A, Fresa R, Favari E, Calabresi L, Calandra S, Bertolini S. Plasma HDL pattern, cholesterol efflux and cholesterol loading capacity of serum in carriers of a novel missense variant (Gly176Trp) of endothelial lipase. J Clin Lipidol 2022; 16:694-703. [PMID: 36002365 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loss of function variants of LIPG gene encoding endothelial lipase (EL) are associated with primary hyperalphalipoproteinemia (HALP), a lipid disorder characterized by elevated plasma levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). OBJECTIVE Aim of the study was the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of a family with primary HALP. METHODS HDL subclasses distribution was determined by polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis. Serum content of preβ-HDL was assessed by (2D)-electrophoresis. Cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) of serum mediated by ABCA1, ABCG1 or SR-BI was assessed using cells expressing these proteins. Cholesterol loading capacity (CLC) of serum was assayed using cultured human macrophages. Next generation sequencing was used for DNA analysis. Plasma EL mass was determined by ELISA. RESULTS Three family members had elevated plasma HDL-C, apoA-I and total phospholipids, as well as a reduced content of preβ-HDL. These subjects were heterozygous carriers of a novel variant of LIPG gene [c.526 G>T, p.(Gly176Trp)] found to be deleterious in silico. Plasma EL mass in carriers was lower than in controls. CEC of sera mediated by ABCA1 and ABCG1 transporters was substantially reduced in the carriers. This effect was maintained after correction for serum HDL concentration. The sera of carriers were found to have a higher CLC in cultured human macrophages than control sera. CONCLUSION The novel p.(Gly176Trp) variant of endothelial lipase is associated with changes in HDL composition and subclass distribution as well as with functional changes affecting cholesterol efflux capacity of serum which suggest a defect in the early steps of revere cholesterol transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Pisciotta
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (Drs Pisciotta, Garuti, and Bertolini); Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Unit, IRCCS-Polyclinic Hospital San Martino, Genoa, Italy (Dr Pisciotta).
| | - Alice Ossoli
- Centro E. Grossi Paoletti, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy (Dr Ossoli)
| | - Annalisa Ronca
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (Drs Ronca and Favari)
| | - Anna Garuti
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (Drs Pisciotta, Garuti, and Bertolini)
| | - Raffaele Fresa
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (Drs Pisciotta, Garuti, and Bertolini)
| | - Elda Favari
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (Drs Ronca and Favari)
| | - Laura Calabresi
- Centro E. Grossi Paoletti, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy (Dr Ossoli)
| | - Sebastiano Calandra
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy (Dr Calandra)
| | - Stefano Bertolini
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy (Drs Pisciotta, Garuti, and Bertolini)
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Cole J, Blackhurst DM, Solomon GAE, Ratanjee BD, Benjamin R, Marais AD. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in hyperalphalipoproteinemia due to LIPG variants. J Clin Lipidol 2021; 15:142-150.e2. [PMID: 33414088 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2020.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration correlates inversely with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk and is included in risk calculations. Endothelial lipase (EL) is a phospholipase that remodels HDL. Deficiency of EL due to mutations in its gene, LIPG, is associated with hyperalphalipoproteinemia. The effects of EL on HDL function and ASCVD risk remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVES To determine whether hyperalphalipoproteinemia due to EL deficiency is protective against ASCVD. METHODS We identified LIPG variants amongst patients with severe hyperalphalipoproteinemia (HDL-C >2.5 mmol/L) attending a referral lipid clinic in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. We analysed the clinical and biochemical phenotypes amongst primary hyperalphalipoproteinemia cases (males HDL-C >1.6 mmol/L; females HDL-C >1.8 mmol/L) due to LIPG variants, and the distribution of variants in normal and hyperalphalipoproteinemia ranges of HDL-C. RESULTS 1007 patients with HDL-C concentration ranging from 1.2 to 4.5 mmol/L were included. Seventeen females had primary hyperalphalipoproteinemia. Vascular disease was prominent, but not associated with HDL-C concentration, LDL-C concentration or carotid artery intima media thickness. Two novel and three known LIPG variants were identified in severe hyperalphalipoproteinemia. Four additional variants were identified in the extended cohort. Two common variants appeared normally distributed across the HDL-C concentration range, while six less-common variants were found only at higher HDL-C concentrations. One rare variant had a moderate effect. CONCLUSION Hyperalphalipoproteinemia due to LIPG variants is commoner in females and may not protect against ASCVD. Use of current risk calculations may be inappropriate in patients with hyperalphalipoproteinemia due to EL deficiency. Our study cautions targeting EL to reduce risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Cole
- Division of Chemical Pathology, University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, Anzio Road, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa; Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, C17 Groote Schuur Hospital, Main Road, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Diane Mary Blackhurst
- Division of Chemical Pathology, University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, Anzio Road, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Gabriele Anna Eva Solomon
- Division of Chemical Pathology, University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, Anzio Road, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Bharati Dhanluxmi Ratanjee
- Division of Chemical Pathology, University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, Anzio Road, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ryan Benjamin
- Division of Chemical Pathology, University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, Anzio Road, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa; Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, C17 Groote Schuur Hospital, Main Road, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Adrian David Marais
- Division of Chemical Pathology, University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, Anzio Road, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa.
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Pedrini S, Chatterjee P, Hone E, Martins RN. High‐density lipoprotein‐related cholesterol metabolism in Alzheimer’s disease. J Neurochem 2020; 159:343-377. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steve Pedrini
- Sarich Neurosciences Research InstituteEdith Cowan University Nedlands WA Australia
| | - Pratishtha Chatterjee
- Sarich Neurosciences Research InstituteEdith Cowan University Nedlands WA Australia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences Macquarie University Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Eugene Hone
- Sarich Neurosciences Research InstituteEdith Cowan University Nedlands WA Australia
| | - Ralph N. Martins
- Sarich Neurosciences Research InstituteEdith Cowan University Nedlands WA Australia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences Macquarie University Sydney NSW Australia
- School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences University of Western Australia Nedlands WA Australia
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Pang X, Wang L, Kang D, Zhao Y, Wu S, Liu AL, Du GH. Effects of P-Glycoprotein on the Transport of DL0410, a Potential Multifunctional Anti-Alzheimer Agent. Molecules 2017; 22:E1246. [PMID: 28757552 PMCID: PMC6151990 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22081246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In our study, we attempted to investigate the influences of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) on DL0410, a novel synthetic molecule for Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment, for intestinal absorption and blood-brain barrier permeability in vitro and related binding mechanisms in silico. Caco-2, MDCK, and MDCK-MDR1 cells were utilized for transport studies, and homology modelling of human P-gp was built for further docking study to uncover the binding mode of DL0410. The results showed that the apparent permeability (Papp) value of DL0410 was approximately 1 × 10-6 cm/s, indicating the low permeability of DL0410. With the presence of verapamil, the directional transport of DL0410 disappeared in Caco-2 and MDCK-MDR1 cells, suggesting that DL0410 should be a substrate of P-gp, which was also confirmed by P-gp ATPase assay. In addition, DL0410 could competitively inhibit the transport of Rho123, a P-gp known substrate. According to molecular docking, we also found that DL0410 could bind to the drug binding pocket (DBP), but not the nucleotide binding domain (NBD). In conclusion, DL0410 was a substrate as well as a competitive inhibitor of P-gp, and P-gp had a remarkable impact on the intestine and brain permeability of DL0410, which is of significance for drug research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocong Pang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Lin Wang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - De Kang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Ying Zhao
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Song Wu
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Ai-Lin Liu
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screening, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Guan-Hua Du
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screening, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
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Association of the CETP Taq1B and LIPG Thr111Ile Polymorphisms with Glycated Hemoglobin and Blood Lipids in Newly Diagnosed Hyperlipidemic Patients. Can J Diabetes 2016; 40:515-520. [PMID: 27590083 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association of 2 common polymorphisms in high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-related genes, namely, cholesterol ester transfer protein CETP Taq1B (rs708272) and endothelial lipase LIPG Thr111Ile (rs2000813), with glycated hemoglobin (A1C), blood lipid levels and the risk for type 2 diabetes in a group of hyperlipidemic patients from northern Greece. METHODS We categorized 175 patients with hyperlipidemia into 2 subgroups according to the presence or absence of type 2 diabetes, defined as a recent diagnosis, A1C >6.5% and/or fasting glucose >126 mg/dL. Genotypes for the 2 polymorphisms studied were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Both polymorphisms were analyzed by multivariate and univariate analyses of baseline A1C levels and plasma lipids. The genotype and allele frequencies of the 2 subgroups were compared. RESULTS The CETP Taq1B polymorphism was associated with HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and A1C levels, but this association was affected by type 2 diabetes; the association with A1C levels was significant only in type 2 diabetes (p=0.005), whereas the association with HDL-C occurred only in the subgroup without type 2 diabetes (p<0.001). LIPG Thr111Ile did not affect plasma HDL-C or A1C levels independently but appeared to modulate their association with CETP Taq1B, and LIPG 111IleIle homozygotes tended to be present at a higher frequency in the hyperlipidemic patients with type 2 diabetes compared to the hyperlipidemic patients without type 2 diabetes (p=0.056). CONCLUSIONS In hyperlipidemic patients, apart from its known association with HDL-C, CETP Taq1B is also associated with A1C levels, and both associations are modified by type 2 diabetes and LIPG Thr111Ile.
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Schweizer RM, Robinson J, Harrigan R, Silva P, Galverni M, Musiani M, Green RE, Novembre J, Wayne RK. Targeted capture and resequencing of 1040 genes reveal environmentally driven functional variation in grey wolves. Mol Ecol 2015; 25:357-79. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.13467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rena M. Schweizer
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California, Los Angeles 610 Charles E Young Dr East Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Jacqueline Robinson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California, Los Angeles 610 Charles E Young Dr East Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Ryan Harrigan
- Center for Tropical Research Institute of the Environment and Sustainability University of California 619 Charles E. Young Drive East Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Pedro Silva
- CIBIO/InBio – Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos Universidade do Porto Campus Agrário de Vairão 4485‐661 Vairão Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia Faculdade de Ciências Universidade do Porto Rua do Campo Alegre s/n. 4169‐007 Porto Portugal
| | - Marco Galverni
- Laboratory of Genetics ISPRA (Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e Ricerca Ambientale) Via Cà Fornacetta 9 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia BO Italy
| | - Marco Musiani
- Faculties of Environmental Design and Veterinary Medicine (Joint Appointment) EVDS University of Calgary 2500 University Dr NW Calgary Alberta Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Richard E. Green
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering University of California Santa Cruz CA 95060 USA
| | - John Novembre
- Department of Human Genetics University of Chicago 920 E. 58th Street Chicago IL 60637 USA
| | - Robert K. Wayne
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California, Los Angeles 610 Charles E Young Dr East Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
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Robert J, Lehner M, Frank S, Perisa D, von Eckardstein A, Rohrer L. Interleukin 6 stimulates endothelial binding and transport of high-density lipoprotein through induction of endothelial lipase. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2013; 33:2699-706. [PMID: 24115033 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.113.301363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In the reverse cholesterol transport pathway, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) passes the endothelial cell barrier by mechanisms involving the scavenger receptor class B type I and the ATP-binding cassette G1. However, little is known on how inflammation influences this transendothelial transport. APPROACH AND RESULTS On stimulation with interleukin-6, cultivated primary endothelial cells showed increased binding and transport of (125)I-HDL without changing the expression of scavenger receptor class B type I and ATP-binding cassette G1. Therefore, we analyzed the involvement of endothelial lipase (EL), a known HDL-binding protein expressed by endothelial cells. Here, we show an increased EL expression after interleukin-6 stimulation. Moreover, using pharmacological inhibitors or RNA interference against EL, we demonstrated its participation in HDL binding and transport through the endothelium. Furthermore, adenovirus-mediated transfection of endothelial cells with either catalytically active or nonactive EL revealed that EL facilitates the endothelial binding and transport by both bridging and lipolysis of HDL. EL was also found responsible for the reduction of HDL particle size occurring during the specific transport through a monolayer of endothelial cells. Finally, pharmacological inhibition of EL reversed the inducing effect of interleukin-6 on HDL binding and transport. CONCLUSIONS Interleukin-6 stimulates the translocation of HDL through the endothelium, the first step in reverse cholesterol transport pathway, by enhancing EL expression. In addition, we demonstrated the role of EL in the transendothelial transport of HDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Robert
- From the Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (J.R., M.L., D.P., A.v.E., L.R.); Zurich Center of Integrated Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (J.R., D.P., A.v.E., L.R.); and Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria (S.F.)
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