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Kim JH, Cetinkaya-Fisgin A, Zahn N, Sari MC, Hoke A, Barman I. Label-Free Visualization and Morphological Profiling of Neuronal Differentiation and Axonal Degeneration through Quantitative Phase Imaging. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024; 8:e2400020. [PMID: 38548657 PMCID: PMC11090721 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202400020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the intricate processes of neuronal growth, degeneration, and neurotoxicity is paramount for unraveling nervous system function and holds significant promise in improving patient outcomes, especially in the context of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). These processes are influenced by a broad range of entwined events facilitated by chemical, electrical, and mechanical signals. The progress of each process is inherently linked to phenotypic changes in cells. Currently, the primary means of demonstrating morphological changes rely on measurements of neurite outgrowth and axon length. However, conventional techniques for monitoring these processes often require extensive preparation to enable manual or semi-automated measurements. Here, a label-free and non-invasive approach is employed for monitoring neuronal differentiation and degeneration using quantitative phase imaging (QPI). Operating on unlabeled specimens and offering little to no phototoxicity and photobleaching, QPI delivers quantitative maps of optical path length delays that provide an objective measure of cellular morphology and dynamics. This approach enables the visualization and quantification of axon length and other physical properties of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neuronal cells, allowing greater understanding of neuronal responses to stimuli simulating CIPN conditions. This research paves new avenues for the development of more effective strategies in the clinical management of neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hee Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Aysel Cetinkaya-Fisgin
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Noah Zahn
- Department Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Mehmet Can Sari
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Ahmet Hoke
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Ishan Barman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
- Department of Oncology, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
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2
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Araldi D, Khomula EV, Bonet IJM, Bogen O, Green PG, Levine JD. Role of pattern recognition receptors in chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain. Brain 2024; 147:1025-1042. [PMID: 37787114 PMCID: PMC10907096 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Progress in the development of effective chemotherapy is producing a growing population of patients with acute and chronic painful chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), a serious treatment-limiting side effect for which there is currently no US Food and Drug Administration-approved treatment. CIPNs induced by diverse classes of chemotherapy drugs have remarkably similar clinical presentations, leading to the suggestion they share underlying mechanisms. Sensory neurons share with immune cells the ability to detect damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), molecules produced by diverse cell types in response to cellular stress and injury, including by chemotherapy drugs. DAMPs, in turn, are ligands for pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), several of which are found on sensory neurons, as well as satellite cells, and cells of the immune system. In the present experiments, we evaluated the role of two PRRs, TLR4 and RAGE, present in dorsal root ganglion (DRG), in CIPN. Antisense (AS)-oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) against TLR4 and RAGE mRNA were administered intrathecally before ('prevention protocol') or 3 days after ('reversal protocol') the last administration of each of three chemotherapy drugs that treat cancer by different mechanisms (oxaliplatin, paclitaxel and bortezomib). TLR4 and RAGE AS-ODN prevented the development of CIPN induced by all three chemotherapy drugs. In the reversal protocol, however, while TLR4 AS-ODN completely reversed oxaliplatin- and paclitaxel-induced CIPN, in rats with bortezomib-induced CIPN it only produced a temporary attenuation. RAGE AS-ODN, in contrast, reversed CIPN induced by all three chemotherapy drugs. When a TLR4 antagonist was administered intradermally to the peripheral nociceptor terminal, it did not affect CIPN induced by any of the chemotherapy drugs. However, when administered intrathecally, to the central terminal, it attenuated hyperalgesia induced by all three chemotherapy drugs, compatible with a role of TLR4 in neurotransmission at the central terminal but not sensory transduction at the peripheral terminal. Finally, since it has been established that cultured DRG neurons can be used to study direct effects of chemotherapy on nociceptors, we also evaluated the role of TLR4 in CIPN at the cellular level, using patch-clamp electrophysiology in DRG neurons cultured from control and chemotherapy-treated rats. We found that increased excitability of small-diameter DRG neurons induced by in vivo and in vitro exposure to oxaliplatin is TLR4-dependent. Our findings suggest that in addition to the established contribution of PRR-dependent neuroimmune mechanisms, PRRs in DRG cells also have an important role in CIPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dionéia Araldi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Eugen V Khomula
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Ivan J M Bonet
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Oliver Bogen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Paul G Green
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Department of Preventative and Restorative Dental Sciences, Division of Neuroscience, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jon D Levine
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neuroscience, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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3
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Hammad ASA, Sayed-Ahmed MM, Abdel Hafez SMN, Ibrahim ARN, Khalifa MMA, El-Daly M. Trimetazidine alleviates paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy through modulation of TLR4/p38/NFκB and klotho protein expression. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 376:110446. [PMID: 36898573 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy is a common adverse effect associated with a number of chemotherapeutic agents including paclitaxel (PTX) which is commonly used in a wide range of solid tumors. Development of PTX-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN) during cancer treatment requires dose reduction which limits its clinical benefits. This study is conducted to investigate the role of toll like receptor-4 (TLR4) and p38 signaling and Klotho protein expression in PIPN and the role of Trimetazidine (TMZ) in this pathway. Sixty-four male Swiss albino mice were divided into 4 groups (n = 16); Group (1) injected intraperitoneally (IP) with ethanol/tween 80/saline for 8 successive days. Group (2) received TMZ (5 mg/kg, IP, day) for 8 successive days. Group (3) treated with 4 doses of PTX (4.5 mg/kg, IP) every other day over a period of 8 days. Group (4) received a combination of TMZ as group 2 and PTX as group 3. The Effect of TMZ on the antitumor activity of PTX was studied in another set of mice-bearing Solid Ehrlich Carcinoma (SEC) that was similarly divided as the above-mentioned set. TMZ mitigated tactile allodynia, thermal hypoalgesia, numbness and fine motor dyscoordination associated with PTX in Swiss mice. The results of the current study show that the neuroprotective effect of TMZ can be attributed to inhibition of TLR4/p38 signaling which also includes a reduction in matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) protein levels as well as the proinflammatory interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and preserving the levels of the anti-inflammatory IL-10. Moreover, the current study is the first to demonstrate that PTX reduces the neuronal levels of klotho protein and showed its modulation via cotreatment with TMZ. In addition, this study showed that TMZ neither alter the growth of SEC nor the antitumor activity of PTX. In conclusion, we suggest that (1) Inhibition of Klotho protein and upregulation of TLR4/p38 signals in nerve tissues may contribute to PIPN. (2) TMZ attenuates PIPN by modulating TLR4/p38 and Klotho protein expression in without interfering with its antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa S A Hammad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61511, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed M Sayed-Ahmed
- Pharmacology and Experimental Oncology Unit, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, 11796, Egypt
| | - Sara M N Abdel Hafez
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed R N Ibrahim
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, 61441, Saudi Arabia; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M A Khalifa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61511, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud El-Daly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61511, Egypt
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4
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Shiah HS, Lee CJ, Lee FY, Tseng SH, Chen SH, Wang CC. Chemopreventive effects of Xiang Sha Liu Jun Zi Tang on paclitaxel-induced leucopenia and neuropathy in animals. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1106030. [PMID: 36969850 PMCID: PMC10032344 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1106030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel frequently induces peripheral neuropathy and myelosuppression during cancer treatment. According to the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan, traditional Chinese medicine doctors widely use Xiang Sha Liu Jun Zi Tang (XSLJZT) to treat breast cancer patients who have received paclitaxel. We explored the combined therapeutic effects of XSLZJT with paclitaxel. XSLJZT did not exhibit significant cytotoxic effects on P388-D1 cells; however, the combination of XSLJZT (100 and 500 mg/kg) with paclitaxel prolonged the survival rate in P388–D1 tumor-bearing mice compared to paclitaxel-only. In addition, XSLJZT was found to enhance white blood cells (WBC) counts and promote leukocyte rebound in paclitaxel-induced leukopenia in mice. XSLJZT also reduced paclitaxel-induced mechanical pain and inhibited c-Fos protein expression in the L4-6 spinal cords of Wistar rats. Moreover, paclitaxel-induced shortening of the nerve fibers of dorsal root ganglion cells was ameliorated by pre-treatment with XSLJZT. Therefore, we suggest that XSLJZT could be used as an adjunct for cancer patients, as the formula could decrease paclitaxel-induced neuropathy and myelosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Her-Shyong Shiah
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Lee
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Yu Lee
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Hui Tseng
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Han Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chiung Wang
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Ching-Chiung Wang,
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5
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Uhelski ML, Johns ME, Horrmann A, Mohamed S, Sohail A, Khasabova IA, Simone DA, Banik RK. Adverse effects of methylene blue in peripheral neurons: An in vitro electrophysiology and cell culture study. Mol Pain 2022; 18:17448069221142523. [PMID: 36408567 PMCID: PMC9730009 DOI: 10.1177/17448069221142523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylene blue (MB) is an effective treatment for methemoglobinemia, ifosfamide-induced encephalopathy, cyanide poisoning, and refractory vasoplegia. However, clinical case reports and preclinical studies indicate potentially neurotoxic activity of MB at certain concentrations. The exact mechanisms of MB neurotoxicity are not known, and while the effects of MB on neuronal tissue from different brain regions and myenteric ganglia have been examined, its effects on primary afferent neurons from dorsal root ganglia (DRG) have not been studied. Mouse DRG were exposed to MB (0.3-10 μM) in vitro to assess neurite outgrowth. Increasing concentrations of MB (0.3-10 μM) were associated with neurotoxicity as shown by a substantial loss of cells with neurite formation, particularly at 10 μM. In parallel experiments, cultured rat DRG neurons were treated with MB (100 μM) to examine how MB affects electrical membrane properties of small-diameter sensory neurons. MB decreased peak inward and outward current densities, decreased action potential amplitude, overshoot, afterhyperpolarization, increased action potential rise time, and decreased action potential firing in response to current stimulation. MB induced dose-dependent toxicity in peripheral neurons, in vitro. These findings are consistent with studies in brain and myenteric ganglion neurons showing increased neuronal loss and altered membrane electrical properties after MB application. Further research is needed to parse out the toxicity profile for MB to minimize damage to neuronal structures and reduce side effects in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan L Uhelski
- Department of Pain Medicine, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Malcolm E Johns
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Alec Horrmann
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sadiq Mohamed
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ayesha Sohail
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Iryna A Khasabova
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Donald A Simone
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ratan K Banik
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA,Ratan K Banik, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Minnesota, B515 Mayo Memorial Building, 420 Delaware Street S.E., MMC 294, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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6
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Ouyang B, Pan N, Zhang H, Xing C, Ji W. miR‑146b‑5p inhibits tumorigenesis and metastasis of gallbladder cancer by targeting Toll‑like receptor 4 via the nuclear factor‑κB pathway. Oncol Rep 2021; 45:15. [PMID: 33649824 PMCID: PMC7877004 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.7966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a carcinoma of the biliary tract, which is common in developing countries and is associated with a high fatality rate. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanisms underlying the occurrence and development of GBC. A decrease in the expression of miR‑146b‑5p and an increase in the expression of its target gene Toll‑like receptor 4 (TLR4) were first observed in GBC tissues. Further study demonstrated that an increase in TLR4 expression caused by a decrease in miR‑146b‑5p expression led to activation of nuclear factor (NF)‑κB signaling. GBC cells were cultured in vitro, and it was observed that overexpression of miR‑146b‑5p effectively inhibited their viability, proliferation, migration and invasion, and increased their apoptosis. Using a BALB/c nude mouse xenograft model, it was demonstrated that overexpression of miR‑146b‑5p was sufficient to reduce tumor volume and alleviate pathological characteristics. Overall, the results of the present study indicated that the decrease in the expression of miR‑146b‑5p increased TLR4 expression and indirectly activated the NF‑κB signaling pathway, thereby regulating the development of GBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ouyang
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Central Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210018, P.R. China
| | - Ningfeng Pan
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Central Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210018, P.R. China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Central Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210018, P.R. China
| | - Chuanming Xing
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Central Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210018, P.R. China
| | - Wu Ji
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
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7
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Li Y, Marri T, North RY, Rhodes HR, Uhelski ML, Tatsui CE, Rhines LD, Rao G, Corrales G, Abercrombie TJ, Johansson CA, Dougherty PM. Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in a dish: dorsal root ganglion cells treated in vitro with paclitaxel show biochemical and physiological responses parallel to that seen in vivo. Pain 2021; 162:84-96. [PMID: 32694383 PMCID: PMC7744394 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy have yet to be fully elucidated, but primary afferent neurons have emerged as an especially vulnerable initiating pathophysiological target. An important recent study has also shown that the initial toxicity produced by paclitaxel in patients was highly predictive of long-term outcome. In this study, we therefore focused on defining the mechanisms of acute toxicity produced by paclitaxel treatment on primary sensory neurons under in vitro conditions. In primary rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) culture with paclitaxel, an increase of pERK and pp38 was observed at 2 hours, and this was accompanied by an increase in expression and release of C-C chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2). There was no change in pJNK. The increase in pERK was sustained at 48 hours of exposure when the expression of TLR4, MyD88, and IL-6 was also increased. IL-6 and CCL2 were colocalized to TLR4-positive cells, and all these responses were prevented by coincubation with a TLR4 antagonist (LPS-RS). Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings revealed that DRG neurons developed spontaneous depolarizing fluctuations (DSFs) in membrane potential and hyperexcitability to current injection but no ectopic action potential activity at 24 and 48 hours of paclitaxel incubation. However, CCL2 applied to cultured neurons not only induced DSFs but also evoked action potentials. Evidence of oxidative stress and mitotoxicity was observed at 48 hours of exposure. These results closely parallel the responses measured in the DRG with paclitaxel exposure in vivo and so indicate that acute toxicity of paclitaxel on the DRG can be modelled using an in vitro approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Research, the
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Tejaswi Marri
- The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston,
Texas 77030
| | - Robert Y. North
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine,
Houston, Texas, 77030
| | - Haley Raquel Rhodes
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Neuroscience, St.
Edward’s University, Austin, TX 78704
| | - Megan L. Uhelski
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Research, the
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | | | - Laurence D. Rhines
- Neurosurgery, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer
Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Ganesh Rao
- Neurosurgery, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer
Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - German Corrales
- Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine Research, the
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | | | - Caj A. Johansson
- The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston,
Texas 77030
| | - Patrick M. Dougherty
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Research, the
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
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8
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Moschetti G, Kalpachidou T, Amodeo G, Lattanzi R, Sacerdote P, Kress M, Franchi S. Prokineticin Receptor Inhibition With PC1 Protects Mouse Primary Sensory Neurons From Neurotoxic Effects of Chemotherapeutic Drugs in vitro. Front Immunol 2020; 11:2119. [PMID: 33072073 PMCID: PMC7541916 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurotoxicity is a common side effect of chemotherapeutics that often leads to the development of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). The peptide Prokineticin 2 (PK2) has a key role in experimental models of CIPN and can be considered an insult-inducible endangering mediator. Since primary afferent sensory neurons are highly sensitive to anticancer drugs, giving rise to dysesthesias, the aim of our study was to evaluate the alterations induced by vincristine (VCR) and bortezomib (BTZ) exposure in sensory neuron cultures and the possible preventive effect of blocking PK2 signaling. Both VCR and BTZ induced a concentration-dependent reduction of total neurite length that was prevented by the PK receptor antagonist PC1. Antagonizing the PK system also reduced the upregulation of PK2, PK-R1, TLR4, IL-6, and IL-10 expression induced by chemotherapeutic drugs. In conclusion, inhibition of PK signaling with PC1 prevented the neurotoxic effects of chemotherapeutics, suggesting a promising strategy for neuroprotective therapies against the sensory neuron damage induced by exposure to these drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Moschetti
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Theodora Kalpachidou
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Physics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Giada Amodeo
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Lattanzi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Sacerdote
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Michaela Kress
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Physics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Silvia Franchi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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9
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Staff NP, Fehrenbacher JC, Caillaud M, Damaj MI, Segal RA, Rieger S. Pathogenesis of paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy: A current review of in vitro and in vivo findings using rodent and human model systems. Exp Neurol 2020; 324:113121. [PMID: 31758983 PMCID: PMC6993945 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.113121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Paclitaxel (Brand name Taxol) is widely used in the treatment of common cancers like breast, ovarian and lung cancer. Although highly effective in blocking tumor progression, paclitaxel also causes peripheral neuropathy as a side effect in 60-70% of chemotherapy patients. Recent efforts by numerous labs have aimed at defining the underlying mechanisms of paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN). In vitro models using rodent dorsal root ganglion neurons, human induced pluripotent stem cells, and rodent in vivo models have revealed a number of molecular pathways affected by paclitaxel within axons of sensory neurons and within other cell types, such as the immune system and peripheral glia, as well skin. These studies revealed that paclitaxel induces altered calcium signaling, neuropeptide and growth factor release, mitochondrial damage and reactive oxygen species formation, and can activate ion channels that mediate responses to extracellular cues. Recent studies also suggest a role for the matrix-metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13) in mediating neuropathy. These diverse changes may be secondary to paclitaxel-induced microtubule transport impairment. Human genetic studies, although still limited, also highlight the involvement of cytoskeletal changes in PIPN. Newly identified molecular targets resulting from these studies could provide the basis for the development of therapies with which to either prevent or reverse paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy in chemotherapy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan P Staff
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jill C Fehrenbacher
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Martial Caillaud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA
| | - M Imad Damaj
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA
| | - Rosalind A Segal
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Sandra Rieger
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA.
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10
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Cetinkaya-Fisgin A, Joo MG, Ping X, Thakor NV, Ozturk C, Hoke A, Yang IH. Identification of fluocinolone acetonide to prevent paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy. J Peripher Nerv Syst 2018; 21:128-33. [PMID: 27117347 DOI: 10.1111/jns.12172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Paclitaxel (PTX) is among the most commonly used cancer drugs that cause chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), a debilitating and serious dose-limiting side effect. Currently, no drugs exist to prevent CIPN, and symptomatic therapy is often ineffective. In order to identify therapeutic candidates to prevent axonal degeneration induced by PTX, we carried out a phenotypic drug screening using primary rodent dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons. We identified fluocinolone acetonide as a neuroprotective compound and verified it through secondary screens. Furthermore, we showed its efficacy in a mouse model of PTX-induced peripheral neuropathy and confirmed with four different cancer cell lines that fluocinolone acetonide does not interfere with PTX's antitumor activity. Our study identifies fluocinolone acetonide as a potential therapy to prevent CIPN caused by PTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysel Cetinkaya-Fisgin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Min Geol Joo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xiang Ping
- Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nitish V Thakor
- Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Cengizhan Ozturk
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Hoke
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - In Hong Yang
- Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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11
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Sun NK, Huang SL, Chang TC, Chao CCK. TLR4 and NFκB signaling is critical for taxol resistance in ovarian carcinoma cells. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:2489-2501. [PMID: 28771725 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nian-Kang Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine; Chang Gung University; Taoyuan, Taiwan Republic of China
- Division of Biomedical Sciences; Chang Gung University of Science and Technology; Taoyuan, Taiwan Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Centre; Taoyuan, Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Shang-Lang Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine; Chang Gung University; Taoyuan, Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Ting-Chang Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Centre; Taoyuan, Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Chuck C.-K. Chao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine; Chang Gung University; Taoyuan, Taiwan Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Centre; Taoyuan, Taiwan Republic of China
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine; Chang Gung University; Taoyuan, Taiwan Republic of China
- Liver Research Center; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou; Taoyuan, Taiwan Republic of China
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12
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Who did the case? Perceptions on resident operative participation. Am J Surg 2016; 213:821-826. [PMID: 27866727 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ACGME case log is one of the primary metrics used to determine resident competency; it is unclear if this is an accurate reflection of the residents' role and participation. METHODS Residents and faculty were independently administered 16-question surveys following each case over a three-week period. The main outcome was agreement between resident and faculty on resident role and percent of the case performed by the resident. RESULTS Matched responses were collected for 87 cases. Agreement on percent performed occurred in 61% of cases, on role in 63%, and on both in 47%. Disagreement was more often due to resident perception they performed more of the case. Faculty with <10 years experience were more likely to have disagreement compared to faculty with ≥10 years (p = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS There was a high degree of disagreement between faculty and residents regarding percent of the case performed and role. Accurate understanding of participation and competency is vital for accrediting institutions and for resident self-assessment meriting further study of the causes for this disagreement to improve training and evaluation.
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13
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Roman JA, Reucroft I, Martin RA, Hurtado A, Mao HQ. Local Release of Paclitaxel from Aligned, Electrospun Microfibers Promotes Axonal Extension. Adv Healthc Mater 2016; 5:2628-2635. [PMID: 27581383 PMCID: PMC5154959 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201600415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injuries ultimately result in an inhibitory environment that prevents axonal regeneration from occurring. A low concentration administration of paclitaxel has been previously shown to promote axonal extension and attenuate the upregulation of inhibitory molecules after a spinal cord injury. In this study, paclitaxel is incorporated into electrospun poly(l-lactic acid) (PLA) microfibers, and it is established that a local release of paclitaxel from aligned, electrospun microfibers promotes neurite extension in a growth-conducive and inhibitory environment. Isolated dorsal root ganglion cells are cultured for 5 d directly on tissue culture polystyrene surface, PLA film, random, or aligned electrospun PLA microfibers (1.44 ± 0.03 μm) with paclitaxel incorporated at various concentrations (0%-5.0% w/w in reference to fiber weight). To determine the effect of a local release of paclitaxel, paclitaxel-loaded microfibers are placed in CellCrown inserts above cultured neurons. Average neurite extension rate is quantified for each sample. A local release of paclitaxel maintains neuronal survival and neurite extension in a concentration-dependent manner when coupled with aligned microfibers when cultured on laminin or an inhibitory surface of aggrecan. The findings provide a targeted approach to improve axonal extension across the inhibitory environment present after a traumatic injury in the spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose A Roman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, 100 Croft Hall, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Ian Reucroft
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, 100 Croft Hall, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Russell A Martin
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, 100 Croft Hall, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Maryland Hall 206, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Andres Hurtado
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Hai-Quan Mao
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA.
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, 100 Croft Hall, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Maryland Hall 206, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.
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14
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Keskinov AA, Tapias V, Watkins SC, Ma Y, Shurin MR, Shurin GV. Impact of the Sensory Neurons on Melanoma Growth In Vivo. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156095. [PMID: 27227315 PMCID: PMC4882065 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Nerve endings are often identified within solid tumors, but their impact on the tumor growth and progression remains poorly understood. Emerging data suggests that the central nervous system may affect cancer development and spreading via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and autonomous nervous system. However, the role of the afferent sensory neurons in tumor growth is unclear, except some reports on perineural invasion in prostate and pancreatic cancer and cancer-related pain syndrome. Here, we provide the results of primary testing of the concept that the interaction between melanoma cells and sensory neurons may induce the formation of tumor-supporting microenvironment via attraction of immune regulatory cells by the tumor-activated dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. We report that despite DRG cells not directly up-regulating proliferation of melanoma cells in vitro, presence of DRG neurons allows tumors to grow significantly faster in vivo. This effect has been associated with increased production of chemokines by tumor-activated DRG neurons and attraction of myeloid-derived suppressor cells both in vitro and in vivo. These initial proof-of-concept results justify further investigations of the sensory (afferent) nervous system in the context of tumorigenesis and the local protumorigenic immunoenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton A. Keskinov
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Victor Tapias
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Simon C. Watkins
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Yang Ma
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,United States of America
| | - Michael R. Shurin
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,United States of America
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,United States of America
| | - Galina V. Shurin
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,United States of America
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15
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Pittman SK, Gracias NG, Fehrenbacher JC. Nerve growth factor alters microtubule targeting agent-induced neurotransmitter release but not MTA-induced neurite retraction in sensory neurons. Exp Neurol 2016; 279:104-115. [PMID: 26883566 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral neuropathy is a dose-limiting side effect of anticancer treatment with the microtubule-targeted agents (MTAs), paclitaxel and epothilone B (EpoB); however, the mechanisms by which the MTAs alter neuronal function and morphology are unknown. We previously demonstrated that paclitaxel alters neuronal sensitivity, in vitro, in the presence of nerve growth factor (NGF). Evidence in the literature suggests that NGF may modulate the neurotoxic effects of paclitaxel. Here, we examine whether NGF modulates changes in neuronal sensitivity and morphology induced by paclitaxel and EpoB. Neuronal sensitivity was assessed using the stimulated release of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), whereas morphology of established neurites was evaluated using a high content screening system. Dorsal root ganglion cultures, maintained in the absence or presence of NGF, were treated from day 7 to day 12 in culture with paclitaxel (300nM) or EpoB (30nM). Following treatment, the release of CGRP was stimulated using capsaicin or high extracellular potassium. In the presence of NGF, EpoB mimicked the effects of paclitaxel: capsaicin-stimulated release was attenuated, potassium-stimulated release was slightly enhanced and the total peptide content was unchanged. In the absence of NGF, both paclitaxel and EpoB decreased capsaicin- and potassium-stimulated release and the total peptide content, suggesting that NGF may reverse MTA-induced hyposensitivity. Paclitaxel and EpoB both decreased neurite length and branching, and this attenuation was unaffected by NGF in the growth media. These differential effects of NGF on neuronal sensitivity and morphology suggest that neurite retraction is not a causative factor to alter neuronal sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherry K Pittman
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, United States.
| | - Neilia G Gracias
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, United States; Indiana University School of Medicine, Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, United States.
| | - Jill C Fehrenbacher
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, United States; Indiana University School of Medicine, Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, United States; Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, United States.
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16
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De Iuliis F, Taglieri L, Salerno G, Lanza R, Scarpa S. Taxane induced neuropathy in patients affected by breast cancer: Literature review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2015; 96:34-45. [PMID: 26004917 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2015.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Taxane induced neuropathy (TIN) is the most limiting side effect of taxane based chemotherapy, relative to the majority of breast cancer patients undergoing therapy with both docetaxel and paclitaxel. The symptoms begin symmetrically from the toes, because the tips of the longest nerves are affected for first. The patients report sensory symptoms such as paresthesia, dysesthesia, numbness, electric shock-like sensation, motor impairment and neuropathic pain. There is a great inter-individual variability among breast cancer women treated with taxanes, in fact 20-30% of them don't develop neurotoxicity. Actually, there is no standard therapy for TIN, although many medications, antioxidants and natural substances have been tested in vitro and in vivo. We will summarize all most recent literature data on TIN prevention and treatment, in order to reach an improvement in TIN management. Further studies are needed to evaluate new therapies that restore neuronal function and improve life quality of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca De Iuliis
- Experimental Medicine Department, Sapienza University, viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Ludovica Taglieri
- Experimental Medicine Department, Sapienza University, viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Gerardo Salerno
- Experimental Medicine Department, Sapienza University, viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Rosina Lanza
- Ginecology and Obstetrics Department, Sapienza University, viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Susanna Scarpa
- Experimental Medicine Department, Sapienza University, viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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17
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Barbosa DJ, Capela JP, de Lourdes Bastos M, Carvalho F. In vitro models for neurotoxicology research. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2015; 4:801-842. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tx00043a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The nervous system has a highly complex organization, including many cell types with multiple functions, with an intricate anatomy and unique structural and functional characteristics; the study of its (dys)functionality following exposure to xenobiotics, neurotoxicology, constitutes an important issue in neurosciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel José Barbosa
- REQUIMTE (Rede de Química e Tecnologia)
- Laboratório de Toxicologia
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas
- Faculdade de Farmácia
- Universidade do Porto
| | - João Paulo Capela
- REQUIMTE (Rede de Química e Tecnologia)
- Laboratório de Toxicologia
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas
- Faculdade de Farmácia
- Universidade do Porto
| | - Maria de Lourdes Bastos
- REQUIMTE (Rede de Química e Tecnologia)
- Laboratório de Toxicologia
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas
- Faculdade de Farmácia
- Universidade do Porto
| | - Félix Carvalho
- REQUIMTE (Rede de Química e Tecnologia)
- Laboratório de Toxicologia
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas
- Faculdade de Farmácia
- Universidade do Porto
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18
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Fehrenbacher JC. Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2015; 131:471-508. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2014.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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19
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Wu Z, Wang S, Wu I, Mata M, Fink DJ. Activation of TLR-4 to produce tumour necrosis factor-α in neuropathic pain caused by paclitaxel. Eur J Pain 2014; 19:889-98. [PMID: 25388329 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropathic pain is a common complication of treatment with the anti-neoplastic drug paclitaxel. Animal studies suggest neuroinflammation and transient receptor potential channels TRPA1 and TRPV4 are involved in the pathogenesis of pain in this condition. However, how neuroinflammation and TRPA1 and TRPV4 are linked to cause pain in paclitaxel-treated animals is not known. METHODS Paclitaxel-induced pain was modelled by IP injection of paclitaxel (16 mg/kg) once a week for 5 weeks. The role of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) in tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) production and the effect of TNF-α on the expression of TRPA1 and TRPV4 were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. TNF-α signalling in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) was blocked by expressing soluble TNF receptor I (TNFsR) from a herpes simplex virus (HSV)-based vector (vTNFsR). RESULTS Paclitaxel treatment increased the expression and release of TNF-α in satellite glial cells and increased the expression of TRPA1 and TRPV4 in DRG neurons in animals. In vitro, paclitaxel enhanced the expression and release of TNF-α in enriched primary satellite glial cells, an effect that was blocked by an inhibitor of TLR-4. Direct application of TNF-α to primary DRG neurons in culture up-regulated the expression of TRPA1 and TRPV4. In vivo, vector-mediated TNFsR release from DRG neurons reduced paclitaxel-induced up-regulation of TRPA1 and TRPV4 expression and prevented paclitaxel-induced pain. CONCLUSION These results suggest that paclitaxel activation of TLR-4 to cause release of TNF-α from satellite glial cells increases the expression of TRPA1 and TRPV4 in DRG neurons to cause neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Wu
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, USA.,VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, USA
| | - S Wang
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, USA.,VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, USA
| | - I Wu
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, USA.,VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, USA
| | - M Mata
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, USA.,VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, USA
| | - D J Fink
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, USA.,VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, USA
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20
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Riva G, Baronchelli S, Paoletta L, Butta V, Biunno I, Lavitrano M, Dalprà L, Bentivegna A. In vitro anticancer drug test: A new method emerges from the model of glioma stem cells. Toxicol Rep 2014; 1:188-199. [PMID: 28962238 PMCID: PMC5598297 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2014.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a grade IV astrocytoma and the most common malignant brain tumor. Current therapies provide a median survival of 12–15 months after diagnosis, due to the high recurrence rate. The failure of current therapies may be due to the presence, within the tumor, of cells characterized by enhanced self-renewal capacity, multilineage differentiation potential and elevated invasive behavior, called glioma stem cells (GSCs). To evaluate the pharmacological efficacy of selected drugs on six GSC lines, we set up a multiple drug responsivity assay based on the combined evaluation of cytomorphological and functional parameters, including the analysis of polymorphic nuclei, mitotic index and cell viability. In order to understand the real pharmacological efficacy of the tested drugs, we assigned a specific drug responsivity score to each GSC line, integrating the data produced by multiple assays. In this work we explored the antineoplastic effects of paclitaxel (PTX), an inhibitor of microtubule depolymerization, utilized as standard treatment in several cancers, and of valproic acid (VPA), an inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs) with multiple anticancer properties. We classified the six GSC lines as responsive or resistant to these drugs, on the basis of their responsivity scores. This method can also be useful to identify the best way to combine two or more drugs. In particular, we utilized the pro-differentiating effect of VPA to improve the PTX effectiveness and we observed a significant reduction of cell viability compared to single treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Riva
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Simona Baronchelli
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy.,Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research - National Research Council (IRGB-CNR), via Fantoli 16/15, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Paoletta
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Valentina Butta
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Ida Biunno
- Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research - National Research Council (IRGB-CNR), via Fantoli 16/15, 20138 Milan, Italy.,IRCCS MultiMedica, Science and Technology Pole, via Fantoli 16/15, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Marialuisa Lavitrano
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Leda Dalprà
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy.,Medical Genetics Laboratory, S. Gerardo Hospital, via Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Angela Bentivegna
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy
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21
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Landreneau JP, Shurin MR, Agassandian MV, Keskinov AA, Ma Y, Shurin GV. Immunological Mechanisms of Low and Ultra-Low Dose Cancer Chemotherapy. CANCER MICROENVIRONMENT 2013; 8:57-64. [PMID: 24293116 DOI: 10.1007/s12307-013-0141-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally, anticancer chemotherapy has been generally considered to be strongly immunosuppressive. However, increasing evidence suggests that certain chemotherapeutic agents rely on the induction of antitumor immune responses, in both experimental animal models and patients with cancer. Many of these chemotherapeutic agents exert immunogenic effects via the induction and release of immunostimulatory "danger" signals from dying cancerous cells when used in low doses. New data suggests that several common chemotherapeutic agents may also display direct stimulating effects on immune cells even when applied in ultra-low concentrations (chemoimmunomodulation). Importantly, it is becoming clear that both immune effector cells and immune regulatory cells can be targeted by various chemotherapeutic agents to produce favorable antitumor immune responses. Therefore, utilizing cancer drugs to enhance host antitumor immunity should be considered a feasible therapeutic approach; and recent characterization of the immunomodulatory mechanisms of anticancer chemotherapy using both new and traditional cytotoxic agents suggests that combinations of these approaches with "classical" immunomodulatory agents could lead to a viable new therapeutic paradigm for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P Landreneau
- Department of Pathology, Divisions of Experimental Pathology and Clinical Immunopathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, S732 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
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