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Chan CCK, Chen H, McGrath C, Klineberg I, Wong GHY, Chen H. Impact of social wellbeing on tooth loss and cognition: A scoping review. J Dent 2024; 150:105376. [PMID: 39332518 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The proposed explanations for the association between tooth loss and cognitive function have largely focused on systemic inflammation, mechanoreceptor feedback, and nutritive deficiencies. However, the role of social wellbeing in this relationship remains unknown. The aim of this scoping review is to explore the pathways linking different aspects of social function, collectively grouped under the umbrella of social wellbeing, to tooth loss and cognitive impairment. DATA AND SOURCES An electronic database search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Embase. Reference lists of relevant articles were also searched. Data on the associations between social wellbeing, cognitive function and tooth loss was charted in an extraction form and summarised qualitatively. STUDY SELECTION From the initial search of 3293 records, 71 studies were included in the present review. Forty-seven studies investigated the relationship between social wellbeing and cognition, 21 studies investigated the relationship between social wellbeing and tooth loss, and only 3 studies investigated all three variables. CONCLUSION This review demonstrates the need for further research on tooth loss, cognition and social wellbeing in tandem and describes potential psychological, biological, cognitive, and behavioural mechanisms interlinking these factors. While substantial evidence was found for the association between social relationships and cognition, fewer studies explored the potentially bidirectional relationship of social wellbeing and tooth loss. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The implications of this review may guide clinicians to focus on the social consequences of tooth loss, which may have broader repercussions on cognitive health. The role of social support in helping older people cope with oral disease and the benefits of fostering positive lifestyle habits should not be underestimated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Huimin Chen
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Colman McGrath
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Iven Klineberg
- Sydney Dental School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Gloria Hoi Yan Wong
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, England, United Kingdom
| | - Hui Chen
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.
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Zhang H, Hao X, Qin Y, Yang Y, Zhao X, Wu S, Li K. Social participation classification and activities in association with health outcomes among older adults: Results from a scoping review. J Adv Nurs 2024. [PMID: 39072772 DOI: 10.1111/jan.16344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study is to summarize the characteristics of social participation classification and examine the association between activities and health outcomes among older adults. DESIGN Scoping review. DATA SOURCES Eight databases (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, The Cochrane Library, Embase, ProQuest, Psychological Information Database, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science) were searched. Reference lists of relevant social participation reviews were also considered. METHODS This study applied a five-stage methodological framework. A narrative synthesis summarized social participation classification and activities and their associations with health outcomes among older adults (≥65 years) living at home, in the community or in nursing residences. RESULTS Forty-two articles published between 1975 and 2022 were selected. Four classification criteria of social participation were extracted and summarized from these studies. Based on the depth and breadth of social interactions, this review proposed a four-level classification schema. A lower risk of mortality and less visual impairment were associated with participation in level-one, level-three or level-four activities, whereas less depression, less pain and better cognitive function were linked to participation in level-three or level-four activities. CONCLUSION Future studies should provide a clear definition, establish classification criteria for participation and properly select activity forms while considering both subjective and objective dimensions. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION AND/OR PATIENT CARE The results could provide data for designing targeted social participation interventions to improve specific health outcomes among older adults. IMPACT This review could help researchers examine the role of social participation activities in specific health outcomes. Moreover, a proposed classification of social participation activities would benefit researchers and community nurses in discerning the similarities and differences among activities. REPORTING METHOD This study adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses-Extension for Scoping Reviews guideline. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION No patient or public contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijing Zhang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaonan Hao
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuan Qin
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuhang Yang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuetong Zhao
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kun Li
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Chu WM, Nishita Y, Tange C, Zhang S, Furuya K, Shimokata H, Otsuka R, Lee MC, Arai H. Association of a lesser number of teeth with more risk of developing depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older adults in Japan: A 20-year population-based cohort study. J Psychosom Res 2023; 174:111498. [PMID: 37788528 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This 20-year prospective cohort study aimed to longitudinally explore the relationship between the number of teeth and the incidence of depressive symptoms among community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults. METHODS Data were collected from the National Institute for Longevity Sciences-Longitudinal Study of Aging (NILS-LSA) database from 2002 to 2022 (3rd-9th waves). Data of adults aged ≥40 years were analyzed and those who had depressive symptoms at baseline (3rd wave), had missing data, or did not participate in follow-up, were excluded. We collected data on the number of teeth at baseline. Depressive symptoms were defined as a score of ≥16 on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. The generalized estimating equation (GEE) model was used to examine the longitudinal relationships between the number of teeth at baseline and the subsequent incidence of depressive symptoms. RESULTS The final analysis included 1668 participants, with a mean (standard deviation) age of 58.8 (11.1) years and a mean follow-up time of 12.9 years. After GEE analysis with adjustment for multiple covariates, compared to participants with ≥20 teeth, participants with 10-19 teeth and < 10 teeth at baseline were associated with a higher risk of depressive symptoms. The subgroup analysis showed that the effect was stronger in men than in women. CONCLUSIONS Among middle-aged and older community dwellers, particularly men, a small number of teeth after the age of 40 was associated with the future incidence of depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Min Chu
- Department of Family Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Epidemiology of Aging, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yukiko Nishita
- Department of Epidemiology of Aging, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Chikako Tange
- Department of Epidemiology of Aging, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology of Aging, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kanae Furuya
- Department of Epidemiology of Aging, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shimokata
- Department of Epidemiology of Aging, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan; Graduate School of Nutritional Sciences, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | - Rei Otsuka
- Department of Epidemiology of Aging, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Meng-Chih Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Population Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan; College of Management, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hidenori Arai
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
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Cao C, Liao S, Cao W, Guo Y, Hong Z, Ren B, Hu Z, Bai Z. Differences in the association of oral health knowledge, attitudes, and practices with frailty among community-dwelling older people in China. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:782. [PMID: 37875820 PMCID: PMC10594714 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03477-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral health and frailty are significantly related and should be well examined, especially in late life. Few studies have explored the relationship of oral health knowledge, attitudes, and practices with frailty and examined sociodemographic variations in this association. This study aimed to examine the association between oral health knowledge, attitudes, practices and frailty, with a special focus on comparing differences in their association among the Chinese community-dwelling older population. METHODS This study included 4218 community-dwelling older adults (aged ≥ 60 years) who participated in a cross-sectional survey. Sociodemographic characteristics, oral health knowledge, attitudes, practices, and frail status (non-frailty, pre-frailty, and frailty) were collected with a face-to-face questionnaire-based interview. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association of oral health knowledge, attitudes, and practices with frailty. RESULTS Of the 4218 participants, 36.2% (n = 1527) and 18.8% (n = 792) were classified as pre-frailty and frailty. Age, gender and educational attainments differences existed in the association of oral health knowledge with frailty. Urban-rural differences in the association of oral health knowledge and practices with frailty were also found. Specifically, oral health knowledge was significantly related to frailty only among participants aged 70-79 years (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval]) (1.08 [1.02-1.15]), females (1.05 [1.00-1.10]), rural residents (1.06 [1.01-1.12]), and those who were primary school and lower education (1.06 [1.01-1.11]), whereas oral health practices were related to frailty only among urban participants (0.96 [0.92-1.00]). CONCLUSION This study confirmed the different associations of oral health knowledge and practices with frailty among community-dwelling older people in China. Further research is needed to better understand the abovementioned differences and public health strategies are required to improve oral health literacy and thereby contain the development of frailty in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglin Cao
- Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Shengdong Liao
- Academic Affairs Office, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Wenwen Cao
- Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Ying Guo
- Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Zixuan Hong
- Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Bohua Ren
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
- Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, WV1 1QU, UK
| | - Zhi Hu
- Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
| | - Zhongliang Bai
- Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
- Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, WV1 1QU, UK.
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Social Governance, Philosophy and Social Sciences of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
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do Amaral Júnior OL, Fagundes MLB, Menegazzo GR, do Amaral Giordani JM. The mediating role of social capital in socioeconomic inequalities of oral health behaviours among Brazilian older adults. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2023; 51:879-886. [PMID: 35964240 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Knowledge of the possible pathways linking socioeconomic status (SES) to oral health-related behaviours can improve the understanding of inequalities in oral health. Therefore, in this study, it was investigated whether social capital mediates the relationship between SES and oral health behaviours. METHODS Through a cross-sectional study, data were analysed from participants aged ≥60 years from the Brazilian National Health Survey 2019 (n = 21 575). Structural equation modelling was used to test the direct and indirect pathways from a latent variable for SES to a latent variable for oral health behaviours: daily flossing, toothbrushing frequency and the use of dental care services. RESULTS The maximum likelihood estimator was used for complex samples with robust standard errors, and the final model demonstrated an adequate fit. The findings demonstrated that a higher SES was directly associated with better oral health-related behaviours (standardized coefficient [SC]: 0.82; [90% CI: 0.78-0.85]) and indirectly via structural social capital (SC: 0.05; [90% CI: 0.02-0.07]). The total effect of SES on oral health-related behaviours was (SC: 0.87, [90% CI: 0.85-0.89]). CONCLUSION The findings demonstrate that structural social capital in older Brazilian adults might partly mediate the pathways to socioeconomic inequalities in oral health behaviours. However, there is a direct effect on oral health behaviours, reinforcing the hypothesis that SES is associated with oral health, based on paths that link income inequality to oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orlando Luiz do Amaral Júnior
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Santa Maria, Brazil
- Department of Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Centro Universitário FAI - UCEFF, Itapiranga, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriele Rissotto Menegazzo
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Santa Maria, Brazil
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Chen HM, Li KY, Li TL, Kwong EYL, Wong GHY, McGrath C, Chen H. The Association between Tooth Loss and Cognitive Decline in the Aged Population: the Mediating Role of HDL-cholesterol. J Dent 2023:104570. [PMID: 37263408 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tooth loss and its impact on cognitive impairment have become a heated topic over the past decade as the global population continues to age. Despite the proliferation of research in this area, the underlying mechanism linking tooth loss and cognitive decline remains poorly understood. Limited investigation has been conducted to explore the potential role of lipid metabolism and its impact on the association between tooth loss and cognitive function. This study endeavored to identify the role of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration among older adults and its contribution to the link between tooth loss and cognitive impairment. METHODS Data were retrieved from a public database, namely, the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Among 1,124 included participants who were aged above 60 years old, linear regression was performed to determine the association between tooth loss (moderate and severe tooth loss) and cognitive function [Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease-Immediate Recall (CERAD-IR), Delayed Recall (CERAD-DR), Animal Fluency Test (AFT), and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST)]. Mediation analysis was used to test the effect of HDL-C on the association of tooth numbers and four cognitive tests. RESULTS Participants with moderate and severe tooth loss had lower scores on cognitive performance (p<0.001) and lower levels of HDL-C (p<0.05). The HDL-C levels were highly correlated with CERAD-IR and DSST, which mediated 2.11% to 5.24% of the total effect between tooth numbers and cognitive function. CONCLUSION Tooth loss was negatively associated with cognitive function which was mediated by serum HDL-C levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Min Chen
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Kar Yan Li
- Clinical Research Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Tian Le Li
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Elaine Yee Lan Kwong
- Department of Chinese and Bilingual Studies, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University; Research Institute for Smart Ageing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
| | - Gloria Hoi Yan Wong
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Colman McGrath
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.
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Yang L, Guo D, Zheng J, Guo Y, Li Z. Association between Social Participation and Remaining Teeth and Urban-Rural Difference among Older Adults in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1283. [PMID: 36674039 PMCID: PMC9859502 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Oral health is an important part of older adults' general health. The study examined the association between social participation (formal and informal) and remaining teeth and the urban-rural difference based on a national survey of older adults in China. The data of older adults were extracted from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) and analyzed. A total of 11,948 respondents were ultimately involved, including 6836 urban respondents and 5112 rural respondents. Informal social participation and formal social participation were used to assess social participation. The number of remaining natural teeth was measured. Social participation was significantly associated with remaining teeth among older adults, after adjusting for confounders, a one-level increase in the informal social participation was associated with a decrease in natural teeth by 0.152 (95% CI = -0.274; -0.030) and a one-level increase in the formal social participation was associated with a decrease in natural teeth by 0.370 (95% CI = -0.585; -0.156). In addition, the association between social participation (formal and informal) and remaining teeth was observed among urban older adults, but not rural older adults. A high level of social participation may effectively decrease the risk of oral-health problems for the Chinese older adults. The findings suggest recommendations for an older adults-targeted policy and the practice of oral-health promotion. However, the urban-rural difference should be taken into full consideration in social-participation-driven oral-health promotion interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Yang
- School of Management, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan 030001, China
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Nagao-Sato S, Akamatsu R, Karasawa M, Tamaura Y, Fujiwara K, Nishimura K, Sakai M. Associations between patterns of participation in community activities and social support, self-efficacy, self-rated health among community-dwelling older adults. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 157:82-87. [PMID: 36455377 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Certain types of community-based social activities improve the health issues of older adults; however, the present patterns of participation in community activities remain unknown. This study aims 1) to identify community-dwelling older adults' patterns of participation in community-based activities and 2) to evaluate the relationships between social support, self-efficacy, self-rated health, and the patterns of participation in community activities. This cross-sectional study used data collected from 146 older adults aged ≥65 years who participated in community events in Japan in 2018. Cluster analysis was used to identify subjects' patterns of participation in community activities. In the multinomial logistic regression model, the participation pattern (dependent variable), and social support and self-efficacy (independent variables), were included, adjusting for age, sex, and years of residency. Three participation pattern clusters were identified: diverse activities (58%), municipal events (30%), and senior citizen club (12%). The proportion of participants reported themselves healthy were 93%, 88%, and 78% for diverse activities, municipal events, and senior citizen club clusters, respectively. Compared to those in the senior citizen club cluster, older adults in the diverse activities cluster were more likely to have self-efficacy (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.19, p = .041) and social support (aOR: 2.35, p = .018), while participants in the municipal events cluster were associated with only social support (aOR: 3.29, p = .022). Increasing social support and self-efficacy may promote seniors' participation in diverse community activities, which would be beneficial for their healthy aging. Further studies are needed to evaluate the causal relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayaka Nagao-Sato
- Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8610, Japan.
| | - Rie Akamatsu
- Natural Science Division, Faculty of Core Research, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8610, Japan.
| | - Miki Karasawa
- Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8610, Japan.
| | - Yuki Tamaura
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Life Studies, University of Niigata Prefecture, 471 Ebigase-Higashi-ku, Niigata, 950-8680, Japan.
| | - Keiko Fujiwara
- Department of Nutrition, Ryokufuso Hospital, 3-31-1 Hagiyama-cho, Higashimurayama-shi, Tokyo, 189-0012, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nishimura
- Department of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Human Health, Komazawa Women's University, 238 Sakahama, Inagi-shi, Tokyo, 206-8511, Japan
| | - Masashi Sakai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ryokufuso Hospital, 3-31-1 Hagiyama-cho, Higashimurayama-shi, Tokyo, 189-0012, Japan
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Ejiri M, Kawai H, Fujiwara Y, Ihara K, Watanabe Y, Hirano H, Kim H, Obuchi S. Determinants of new participation in sports groups among community-dwelling older adults: Analysis of a prospective cohort from The Otassha Study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275581. [PMID: 36194611 PMCID: PMC9531832 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Participation in sports groups has health benefits for older adults, such as preventing functional limitations and social isolation. Encouraging participation in sports groups may be an important means of health promotion in older adults. However, there is insufficient research on the determinants of new participation in sports groups to consider effective interventions to promote participation in these groups. We investigated this using data from a 1-year prospective study. Data were obtained from "The Otassha Study" that assessed a cohort of community-dwelling older adults living in an urban area of Japan. Of 769 older adults who participated in a baseline health survey in 2018, 557 participated in a follow-up survey in 2019. We excluded 184 individuals who already participated in sports groups at baseline and 36 with missing data. Participation in sports groups was defined as that occurring more than once a week. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the determinants of new participation in sports groups, with sociodemographic factors, lifestyle habits, physical functions, cognitive functions, psychological factors, and social factors as independent variables. Forty-one (12.2%) individuals participated in sports groups at follow-up. In the multiple adjusted logistic regression model, new participation in sports groups was significantly associated with female sex (odds ratio [OR] = 5.57, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.61‒19.26), engagement in regular exercise (OR = 2.23, 95%CI: 1.03‒4.84), and having a large social network (OR = 1.12, 95%CI: 1.04‒1.20). Physical functions were not associated with new participation. Determinants of new participation were lifestyle habits and social factors, rather than physical functions. Intervention through social networks may be effective in encouraging new participation in sports groups, which, in turn, may facilitate healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manami Ejiri
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Hisashi Kawai
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Kazushige Ihara
- Department of Social Medicine, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, Hirosaki City, Aomori, Japan
| | - Yutaka Watanabe
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo City, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Hirano
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hunkyung Kim
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuichi Obuchi
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Atanda AJ, Livinski AA, London SD, Boroumand S, Weatherspoon D, Iafolla TJ, Dye BA. Tooth retention, health, and quality of life in older adults: a scoping review. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:185. [PMID: 35585618 PMCID: PMC9118621 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02210-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This scoping review describes the relationship between tooth retention, health, and quality of life in older adults. METHODS Seven databases were searched for English language articles for subjects ≥ 65 y from 1981 to 2021. Exposure was tooth retention (≥ 20), and outcomes were general/systemic health and quality of life. Methodological quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 tool. RESULTS 140 articles were included, only four were randomized trials. Inter-rater agreement (κ) regarding study inclusion was 0.924. Most were assessed with low risk of bias (n = 103) and of good quality (n = 96). Most studies were conducted in Japan (n = 60) and Europe (n = 51) and only nine in the US. Tooth retention was referred to as "functional dentition" in 132 studies and "shortened dental arch" in 19 studies. Study outcomes were broadly synthesized as (1) cognitive decline/functional dependence, (2) health status/chronic diseases, (3) nutrition, and (4) quality of life. DISCUSSION There is a positive relationship between tooth retention, overall health, and quality of life. Older adults retaining ≥ 20 teeth are less likely to experience poorer health. Having < 20 teeth increases the likelihood for functional dependence and onset of disability, and may affect successful ageing. This review supports the general finding that the more teeth older adults retain as they age, the less likely they are to have adverse health outcomes. However, significant knowledge gaps remain which can limit decision-making affecting successful ageing for many older adults. This review highlights the need to consider, as an important marker of oral health and function, the retention of a functional minimum of a natural dentition, rather than a simple numeric score of missing teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adejare Jay Atanda
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 31 Center Dr., Suite 5B55, Bethesda, MD, USA.
- National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Alicia A Livinski
- National Institutes of Health Library, Office of Research Services, OD, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Steven D London
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 31 Center Dr., Suite 5B55, Bethesda, MD, USA
- National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Shahdokht Boroumand
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 31 Center Dr., Suite 5B55, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Timothy J Iafolla
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 31 Center Dr., Suite 5B55, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bruce A Dye
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 31 Center Dr., Suite 5B55, Bethesda, MD, USA.
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
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11
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Association between social capital and oral health among adults aged 50 years and over in China: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:68. [PMID: 35279136 PMCID: PMC8918312 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02102-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Social capital has a potential effect in protecting oral health among population. However, no study has explored the association between social capital and oral health in the Chinese context. Due to the unique culture, political, social context in China, it is important to understand their association in the Chinese context. The study aims to investigate the association between cognitive and structural dimensions of social capital with edentulism among adults aged 50 years and over in China. Method The study used data from the WHO SAGE (Study on Global AGEing and Adult Health) wave 1 China component. Structural social capital was operationalized as social participation. Cognitive social capital was operationalized as perceived community trust and perceived community safety. Community-level social capital was measured by aggregating individual-level social capital into community level. Oral health was measured using a final marker of oral health status, self-reported edentulism. A 2-level multilevel logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between different dimensions of social capital and oral health. Results In total, 12,856 individuals were included in the study, the overall prevalence of edentulism was 9.1% (95% CI 8.3–10.0). Multilevel logistic analysis revealed that individual-level social capital and community-level social capital are independently associated with edentulism. Individuals with low structural social capital and living in areas with low structural social capital have, respectively, 1.54 (95% CI 1.18–2.01) and 2.14 (95% CI 1.47–3.12) times higher odds for edentulism, after adjustment for potential confounders (age, sex, marital status, residence locality, wealth, education level, chronic conditions) and a potential mediator(smoking). Conclusions Living in a community with lower structural social capital and individual with low structural social capital is associated with higher risk for edentulism among adults aged 50 years and over in China.
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12
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Levasseur M, Lussier-Therrien M, Biron ML, Raymond É, Castonguay J, Naud D, Fortier M, Sévigny A, Houde S, Tremblay L. Scoping study of definitions of social participation: update and co-construction of an interdisciplinary consensual definition. Age Ageing 2022; 51:6520509. [PMID: 35134843 PMCID: PMC9383398 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afab215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background considering the importance of social participation for quality of life and active ageing in older adults, it is an important target of social and health professionals’ interventions. A previous review of definitions of social participation in older adults included articles up to 2009; new publications and changes in the social context (e.g. social media and the COVID-19 pandemic) justify continuing this work. Objective this paper provides an updated inventory and synthesis of definitions of social participation in older adults. Based on a critical review by content experts and knowledge users, a consensual definition is proposed. Methods using a scoping study framework, four databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, AgeLine, PsycInfo) were searched with relevant keywords. Fifty-four new definitions were identified. Using content analysis, definitions were deconstructed as a function of who, how, what, where, with whom, when, and why dimensions. Results social participation definitions mostly focused on people’s involvement in activities providing interactions with others in society or the community. According to this new synthesis and input from content experts and knowledge users, social participation can be defined as a person’s involvement in activities providing interactions with others in community life and in important shared spaces, evolving according to available time and resources, and based on the societal context and what individuals want and is meaningful to them. Conclusion a single definition may facilitate the study of active ageing and the contribution of older adults to society, socioeconomic and personal development, benefits for older adults and society, self-actualisation and goal attainment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Levasseur
- Research Centre on Aging, Eastern Townships Integrated University Health and Social Services Centre – Sherbrooke University Hospital Centre (CIUSSS de l’Estrie – CHUS), Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
- School of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
- Institute on Aging and Seniors’ Social Participation, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Marika Lussier-Therrien
- Research Centre on Aging, Eastern Townships Integrated University Health and Social Services Centre – Sherbrooke University Hospital Centre (CIUSSS de l’Estrie – CHUS), Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie Lee Biron
- Research Centre on Aging, Eastern Townships Integrated University Health and Social Services Centre – Sherbrooke University Hospital Centre (CIUSSS de l’Estrie – CHUS), Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Émilie Raymond
- Institute on Aging and Seniors’ Social Participation, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
- School of Social Work and Criminology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Julie Castonguay
- Institute on Aging and Seniors’ Social Participation, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
- School of Social Work and Criminology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
- College Centre of Expertise in Gerontology, Cégep de Drummondville, Drummondville, Québec, Canada
| | - Daniel Naud
- Research Centre on Aging, Eastern Townships Integrated University Health and Social Services Centre – Sherbrooke University Hospital Centre (CIUSSS de l’Estrie – CHUS), Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Mireille Fortier
- Institute on Aging and Seniors’ Social Participation, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Andrée Sévigny
- Institute on Aging and Seniors’ Social Participation, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
- College Centre of Expertise in Gerontology, Cégep de Drummondville, Drummondville, Québec, Canada
| | - Sandra Houde
- Research Centre on Aging, Eastern Townships Integrated University Health and Social Services Centre – Sherbrooke University Hospital Centre (CIUSSS de l’Estrie – CHUS), Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
- Bishop’s University, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Louise Tremblay
- Research Centre on Aging, Eastern Townships Integrated University Health and Social Services Centre – Sherbrooke University Hospital Centre (CIUSSS de l’Estrie – CHUS), Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
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13
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Yen HY, Chi MJ, Huang HY. Social engagement for mental health: An international survey of older populations. Int Nurs Rev 2021; 69:359-368. [PMID: 34874057 DOI: 10.1111/inr.12737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Social engagement is an important active aging strategy to promote older adults' mental health. The purposes of this study were to compare social engagement in older populations around the world and explore associations with mental health outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS An international cross-sectional survey was conducted from 2017 to 2019. Data were retrieved from The International Social Survey Programme for a secondary data analysis across 30 countries. This study applied the Taxonomy of Social Activities and its six levels as operational definitions for a consistent concept of social engagement for international comparisons. RESULTS In total, 9403 older adults with a mean age of 72.85 ± 6.40 years responded. The highest levels of older adults' social engagement were found in Switzerland, Thailand, and New Zealand. Older adults of a higher age, with a lower educational level, who were permanently sick or disabled, who had no partner, who were widowed or whose civil partner had died, who lived alone, and who had lower self-placement in society had significantly lower social engagement than did their counterparts. In the regression model, older adults' social engagement positively predicted general health, self-accomplishment, and life satisfaction, but negatively predicted loneliness and depression. CONCLUSIONS In aging societies worldwide, encouraging older adults' social engagement would be beneficial to promote mental health. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE AND HEALTH POLICIES Community professional nurses can develop strategies of social engagement based on the needs and sociodemographic factors of older adults to improve their mental health. Developing efficient strategies and local policies by learning from successful experiences in other countries is important to promote social engagement in aging societies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yen Yen
- School of Gerontology Health Management, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ju Chi
- School of Gerontology Health Management, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Master Program in Long-term Care, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Yun Huang
- Intensive Care Unit, Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, Australia
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14
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Wang Y, Li Z, Fu C. Urban-rural differences in the association between social activities and depressive symptoms among older adults in China: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:569. [PMID: 34663230 PMCID: PMC8522037 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02541-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Participation in social activities has positive health effects among older adults; however, few studies have investigated the association between social activity and depressive symptoms among Chinese older adults. This study aimed to examine the association between social activities and depressive symptoms among older adults in China regarding urban-rural differences. METHODS Data were collected from 8255 respondents from the 2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Type and frequency of social activities were collected via a questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between social activities and depressive symptoms. RESULTS In our study, the prevalence of depressive symptoms was lower in urban older adults compared with rural older adults (25.2% vs. 40.7%). After adjustment for all covariates, our results indicated that interacting with friends almost weekly or almost daily (almost weekly: OR = 0.568, 95%CI: 0.337-0.955; almost daily: OR = 0.664, 95%CI: 0.453-0.973) and participating in community organizations almost daily were inversely associated with depressive symptoms among urban older adults (OR = 0.107, 95%CI: 0.012-0.952). Interacting with friends almost daily (OR = 0.847, 95% CI: 0.720-0.996) and participation in hobby groups either almost every week or almost daily were both inversely associated with depressive symptoms among rural older adults (almost weekly: OR = 0.683, 95%CI: 0.518-0.902; almost daily: OR = 0.567, 95%CI: 0.440-0.731). Participating in sports groups almost daily was inversely associated with depressive symptoms among both urban and rural older adults (urban: OR = 0.664, 95%CI: 0.445-0.991; rural: OR = 0.506, 95%CI: 0.366-0.700). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicated that there is a cross-sectional association between participation in social activities and depressive symptoms among Chinese older adults, and the association differed between urban and rural older adults. This implies that participation in social activities may be significant for alleviating depressive symptoms of older adults. When encouraging older adults to participate in social activities, the government should consider urban-rural differences and take effective measures accordingly. Longitudinal studies are needed to examine the causal relationships between social activities and depressive symptoms among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Treatment, School of Nursing and Health-care, Qingdao Huanghai University, Qingdao, 266555 Shandong China
| | - Zhen Li
- Qinghai Provincial Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Xining, 810010 Qinghai China
| | - Chang Fu
- Department of Health Psychology, School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxilu Rd, Jinan, 250012 Shandong China
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15
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Living at the Margins or Elevated Citizenship? Challenges and Opportunities for Social Participation Experienced by Older Adults in Ghana. AGEING INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12126-021-09443-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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16
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Shmarina E, Ericson D, Åkerman S, Axtelius B. Salutogenic factors for oral health among older people: an integrative review connecting the theoretical frameworks of Antonovsky and Lalonde. Acta Odontol Scand 2021; 79:218-231. [PMID: 33596156 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2020.1849790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this integrative review was to describe salutogenic factors associated with oral health outcomes in older people, from the theoretical perspectives of Antonovsky and Lalonde. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study was based on a primary selection of 10,016 articles. To organize reported salutogenic factors, the Lalonde health field concept and Antonovsky's salutogenic theory were cross tabulated. RESULTS The final analysis was based on 58 studies. The following oral health outcome variables were reported: remaining teeth, caries, periodontal disease, oral function and oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL). We could identify 77 salutogenic factors for oral health and OHRQoL. Salutogenic factors were identified primarily within the fields of Human Biology (such as 'higher saliva flow', 'BMI < 30 kg/m2' and 'higher cognitive ability at age 11'), Lifestyle (such as 'higher education level', 'social network diversity' and 'optimal oral health behaviour') and Environment (such as 'lower income inequality', 'public water fluoridation' and 'higher neighbourhood education level'). In the age group 60 years and over, there was a lack of studies with specific reference to salutogenic factors. CONCLUSIONS The results provide an overview of salutogenic factors for oral health from two theoretical perspectives. The method allowed concomitant disclosure of both theoretical perspectives and examination of their congruence. Further hypothesis-driven research is needed to understand how elderly people can best maintain good oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Shmarina
- Public Dental Service, Kalmar County Council, Oskarshamn, Sweden
- Department of Oral Diagnostics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmo, Sweden
| | - Dan Ericson
- Department of Cariology, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmo, Sweden
| | - Sigvard Åkerman
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmo, Sweden
| | - Björn Axtelius
- Department of Oral Diagnostics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmo, Sweden
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17
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Hirosaki M, Ohira T, Shirai K, Kondo N, Aida J, Yamamoto T, Takeuchi K, Kondo K. Association between frequency of laughter and oral health among community-dwelling older adults: a population-based cross-sectional study in Japan. Qual Life Res 2021; 30:1561-1569. [PMID: 33432445 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-020-02752-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Oral health has been reported to have an impact on the activities of daily life such as chewing, eating, and laughing, while psychological factors such as depression and loneliness have been reported to affect oral health. Little is known, however, about the association between laughter and oral health in older adults. This study examined the bidirectional association between the frequency of daily laughter and oral health in community-dwelling older Japanese adults. METHODS Our cross-sectional study employed data from the 2013 Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study's self-reported survey, which included 11,239 male and 12,799 female community-dwelling independent individuals aged 65 years or older. We defined the oral health status by the number of remaining teeth. The association between the self-reported frequency of laughter (almost every day, 1-5 days per week, 1-3 days per month, or almost never) and oral health was examined using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The participants with 10 or more teeth were significantly more likely to laugh compared with the edentulous participants, after adjusting for all covariates. Compared with those who almost never laughed, those who laughed 1-5 days per week were significantly less likely to be edentulous. After stratifying by sex, similar results were found only in the men for both analyses. CONCLUSION There was a significant bidirectional association between frequency of laughter and oral health that was independent of socioeconomic and lifestyle factors among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Hirosaki
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan. .,Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Tetsuya Ohira
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.,Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoki Kondo
- School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Aida
- Department of Oral Health Promotion, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Division for Regional Community Development, Liaison Center for Innovative Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Yamamoto
- Department of Disaster Medicine and Dental Sociology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kenji Takeuchi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Gerontological Evaluation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
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18
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Hironaka S, Kugimiya Y, Watanabe Y, Motokawa K, Hirano H, Kawai H, Kera T, Kojima M, Fujiwara Y, Ihara K, Kim H, Obuchi S, Kakinoki Y. Association between oral, social, and physical frailty in community-dwelling older adults. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2020; 89:104105. [PMID: 32480111 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2020.104105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oral frailty (OF) has been shown to be a predictor of disability. Therefore, it is important to be able to identify factors associated with OF in order to prevent long-term dependence. The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationships between OF, social frailty (SF), and physical frailty (PF) in community-dwelling older adults, with the overarching aim of informing the future development of effective measures to prevent frailty. METHODS Oral, physical, and social function, nutritional and psychological status, and medical history were examined in 682 community-dwelling individuals (267 men, 415 women) aged ≥ 65 years. Ordinal logistic regression analysis with SF and PF as independent variables was performed with pass analysis to determine the relationship between the different types of frailty. RESULTS Logistic regression analysis revealed significant associations between OF and decline in social function, physical function, and nutritional status, and an increase in the number of medications used. Path analysis showed that SF was directly related to OF and that OF and SF were directly related to PF. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that a decline in social function may directly influence a decline in oral and physical function. The results of this study provide initial evidence, that may guide the future development of measures that aim to prevent and manage OF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanae Hironaka
- Department of Special Needs and Geriatric Dentistry, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan; Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kugimiya
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Watanabe
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan; Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Keiko Motokawa
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Hirano
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Oral Surgery and Dentistry, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisashi Kawai
- Research Team for Human Care, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kera
- Research Team for Human Care, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Physical Therapy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Gunma, Japan
| | - Motonaga Kojima
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Tokyo Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazushige Ihara
- Department of Social Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Aomori, Japan
| | - Hunkyung Kim
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuichi Obuchi
- Research Team for Human Care, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Kakinoki
- Department of Special Needs and Geriatric Dentistry, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
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19
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Socially Active Aging and Self-Reported Health: Building a Sustainable Solidarity Ecosystem. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12072665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Senior volunteering is associated with improved welfare, in addition to contributing to social development. Thus, the involvement of seniors in non-profit organizations (NPO), the third sector, or the social economy is encouraged by European national governments. At the organizational level, the situation for older volunteers in the third sector has improved in recent years, mainly due to European legal regulations. Despite a certain degree of homogenization across European countries, significant national differences persist in the adoption and promotion of volunteering. The present study examines the link between self-reported health and participation in volunteering activities among European seniors, stratified by sex and generation (the Silent Generation and the Baby Boomer Generation). We focus our analysis on seniors living in Germany, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Turkey, and Ukraine. Analyses were conducted using empirical micro data from the World Values Survey (WVS; 1994/98, 2005/09 and 2010/14). Our results demonstrate the positive impact of volunteering on health status among the elderly, although we observed marked differences in the associated benefits between sexes, generational cohorts, and countries. Public policies should be developed with this important source of social capital in mind, but should also seek to address existing inequity.
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20
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Takeuchi K, Noguchi Y, Nakai Y, Ojima T, Yamashita Y. Dentist gender-related differences in patients' oral health behaviour. J Oral Sci 2020; 62:32-35. [PMID: 31996520 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.18-0462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed at determining whether oral health behavior differs between patients regularly checked by male and female dentists. The analysis was based on a cross-sectional survey of 354 Japanese community residents (median age = 54 years; 145 men and 209 women) conducted in a municipality from January to February 2017. Data on demographic characteristics and factors associated with oral health behavior were obtained through self-administered questionnaires. The association between regular dentist gender and patients' regular dental care check-up and interdental cleaning performance was examined after adjusting for potential confounders. Among respondents, 88.7% and 11.3% reported having male and female regular dentists, respectively. In a multivariate logistic regression model, patients regularly checked by female dentists had an increased likelihood of visiting their dentist for dental care check-up at least once every year (odds ratio [OR] = 2.23, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.09-4.55)and using an interdental cleaner (OR = 2.62, 95% CI = 1.03-6.71) compared to those regularly checked by male dentists. Patients regularly checked by female dentists tended to have more preventive oral health behaviors than those regularly checked by male dentists. These findings suggest that dentist gender has important clinical implications for patients' oral health behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Takeuchi
- Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yuki Noguchi
- Department of Dental Hygiene, University of Shizuoka Junior College
| | - Yukie Nakai
- Department of Dental Hygiene, University of Shizuoka Junior College
| | - Toshiyuki Ojima
- Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine
| | - Yoshihisa Yamashita
- Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University
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21
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Hosseingholizadeh N, Sadeghi R, Ardebili HE, Foroushani AR, Taghdisi MH. The Correlation of Self-efficacy and Social Support with Social Participation: A Cross Sectional Study among the Elderly. J Med Life 2019; 12:239-246. [PMID: 31666825 PMCID: PMC6814884 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2019-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
There is ample evidence that a key contributor to healthy aging is social participation; thus, identifying its determinants can help to improve it. The current study aimed at assessing the relationship between social support and general self-efficacy with social participation. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 456 (male: 237, female: 219) older adults, aged 60-74 years, who were the member of community centers in Tehran, Iran, in 2016. The multi-stage cluster sampling method was employed to select the participants. Primarily, Tehran was divided into five areas (i e, North, South, East, West, and Center). Then, two community centers were randomly selected from each area. Participants with the ability to perform their daily activities independently were enrolled in the study. Participants responded to four self-report questionnaires: socio-demographic, social participation, social support, and general self-efficacy. The majority of the participants were within the age range of 62–68 years with the maximum proportion of social participation (mean ± standard deviation (SD): 37.69 ± 8.34). Findings of the current study indicated that gender, education level, reading books, newspapers, or magazines (p <0.001), living area, living arrangement, and occupational status (p<0.05) were associated with social participation. Multiple linear regression adjusted for living area, sex, and educational level showed that self-efficacy (β= .08; p<.001) and social support (β= .64; p<.001) predicted social participation. Findings showed the importance of social support and self-efficacy in social participation. Also enhancing the literacy of seniors should be given priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Hosseingholizadeh
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Sadeghi
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Eftkhar Ardebili
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Rahimi Foroushani
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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22
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Gil-Lacruz M, Saz-Gil MI, Gil-Lacruz AI. Benefits of Older Volunteering on Wellbeing: An International Comparison. Front Psychol 2019; 10:2647. [PMID: 31920772 PMCID: PMC6927282 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthier aging implies lower health service expenditure and the possibility for individuals to make a longer and more valuable contribution to society. Lifestyles, including volunteering, affect our health. The policy implications of the present study are that it aims to broaden the state of knowledge and be useful to public decision-makers: if voluntary activities enhance the integration of older people into society, their participation will help to generate economic resources and improve their own welfare; if, however, health and participation do not show positive synergies, then policymakers must act independently in each of these fields. In this work, we focus on the societies of Chile, Mexico, and Spain because they have significantly aging populations and share common traits but also exhibit important differences. The empirical study employs micro-data from the World Value Survey (1994-1998, 2005-2009, and 2010-2014) and macro-data from the statistics of the OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development). Micro- and macro-data are merged by national and temporal identifiers. Our main results provide empirical evidence that volunteering might improve every indicator of wellbeing except happiness. Different kinds of activities have different impacts on individual wellbeing. For example, volunteering in activities related to social awareness is positive for male life satisfaction, whereas volunteering in activities related to religious issues is positive for male life satisfaction but also female happiness. In general, voluntary activities have a stronger impact on male wellbeing than female wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Gil-Lacruz
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María I. Saz-Gil
- Department of Business Management and Organization, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana I. Gil-Lacruz
- Department of Business Management and Organization, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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Zhu Y, Gao J, Nie X, Dai J, Fu H. Associations of individual social capital with subjective well-being and mental health among migrants: a survey from five cities in China. Int Health 2019; 11:S64-S71. [PMID: 31670819 DOI: 10.1093/inthealth/ihz041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to examine the associations of cognitive and structural social capital with subjective well-being (SWB) and mental health among internal migrants in five cities in China. METHODS We conducted healthy cities surveys from June 2017 to April 2018. In total, 3038 migrants submitted surveys. Generalized linear regressions for SWB and logistic regressions for mental health were used to examine the associations of social capital, SWB and mental health after controlling for covariates. RESULTS The median level of SWB was 75.7 (interquartile range 62.9-85.7). Self-rated health and physical activity were positively associated with SWB. The SWB level among migrants who perceived high individual social cohesion was much higher than that of their counterparts (unstandardized coefficients, β=7.01 [95% confidence interval {CI} 5.82 to 8.21]). The prevalence of poor mental health was 10.0%. High social cohesion (odds ratio [OR] 0.32 [95% CI 0.24 to 0.44]) and high social participation (OR 0.77 [95% CI 0.57 to 0.97]) were significantly associated with a low ratio of poor mental health when compared with their counterparts. CONCLUSIONS Cognitive social capital is positively associated with SWB, while both cognitive and structural social capitals were negatively associated with poor mental health. It is beneficial to migrants' mental health and SWB to promote social participation and social cohesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongkai Zhu
- Health Communication Institute, School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Junling Gao
- Health Communication Institute, School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Xin Nie
- Health Communication Institute, School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Junming Dai
- Health Communication Institute, School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Hua Fu
- Health Communication Institute, School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032 China
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Douglas H, Georgiou A, Westbrook J. Social participation as an indicator of successful aging: an overview of concepts and their associations with health. AUST HEALTH REV 2019; 41:455-462. [PMID: 27712611 DOI: 10.1071/ah16038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Social participation has generated a wealth of research in gerontology, but the concept suffers from a lack of conceptual clarity that renders it difficult to define and measure. This means that research on social participation is difficult to compare directly. The aim of the present study was to draw the literature on social participation in older adults together to inform health services researchers seeking to investigate social participation as an indicator of successful aging. Methods A narrative review of studies investigating the association between social participation and health in adults aged 65 years and older was conducted. Results Three concepts of social participation (i.e. social connections, informal social participation and volunteering) were defined, their measurement instruments described and evidence of their associations with health explored. All three concepts have demonstrated associations with an array of health indicators. Prospective studies reveal that social participation at baseline is positively associated with mental and physical health. Conclusion A model of social participation on health is presented, showing the evidence that all three concepts contribute to the association between social participation and health through their shared mechanisms of social support and social cohesion with the wider community. Using an instrument that can be separated into these three distinct concepts will assist health services researchers to determine the relative effect of each form of participation on the health of older adults. What is known about the topic? Social participation has generated a wealth of research in gerontology. The scope of the literature on social participation is broad and the concepts diverse. For this reason, most previous systematic reviews have been unable to comprehensively assess the effect of all concepts of social participation on health. This means the research on social participation is difficult to compare directly, and indicators of social participation in older adults are difficult for policy makers to select. What does this paper add? This paper overviews the three concepts of social participation, their methods of measurement and their associations with health in older adults. We present a model of social participation that incorporates all three concepts of social participation and their effects on health. We argue that the use of a measure that can be segmented into each of the three forms of social participation will predict more of the variance in health outcomes than any measure on its own. What are the implications for practitioners? Enhancing the social participation of older adults is a key factor in successful aging that many older adults value. However, many service provision organisations tend to focus on meeting the specific physical needs of clients, rather than targeting services that connect older adults with their community. Targeting social participation may present one of the greatest opportunities to improve older adults' general health, and will also generate societal benefits by increasing community contributions from this group. Selecting an indicator of social participation that measures each of the three concepts overviewed in this paper will enable policy makers to identify the areas in which social interventions for older adults will have the most effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Douglas
- School of Psychology and Exercise Science, Murdoch University, #06-04 Kings Centre, 390 Havelock Road, 169662, Singapore
| | - Andrew Georgiou
- Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Level 6, 75 Talavera Road, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia.
| | - Johanna Westbrook
- Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Level 6, 75 Talavera Road, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia.
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Zilioli S, Fritz H, Tarraf W, Lawrence SA, Cutchin MP. Socioeconomic Status, Ecologically Assessed Social Activities, and Daily Cortisol Among Older Urban African Americans. J Aging Health 2019; 32:830-840. [PMID: 31267815 DOI: 10.1177/0898264319856481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Higher socioeconomic status (SES) individuals report more social activities than their lower SES counterparts. Yet, SES and racial health disparities are often confounded. Here, we tested whether the frequency of engagement in social activities contributed to the association between SES and daily cortisol secretion among urban African American older adults. Methods: Ninety-two community-dwelling African Americans aged 55 years and older reported what they were doing at regular intervals across the day on an Android smartphone for seven consecutive days. They also provided four saliva samples at four time points a day during the same period. Results: Higher SES older adults engaged in proportionally more social activities than their lower SES counterparts. A greater relative frequency of weekly social activities was associated with a steeper diurnal cortisol decline. Higher SES was indirectly linked to a steeper cortisol decline via increased relative frequency of weekly social activities. Discussion: Our findings suggest that engagement in weekly social activities represents a behavioral intermediary for SES health disparities in endocrine function among older urban African American adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuele Zilioli
- Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Heather Fritz
- Department of Health Care Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.,Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Wassim Tarraf
- Department of Health Care Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.,Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | - Malcolm P Cutchin
- Department of Health Care Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.,Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
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Mikami Y, Watanabe Y, Motokawa K, Shirobe M, Motohashi Y, Edahiro A, Nakajima J, Osuka Y, Inagaki H, Fujiwara Y, Shinkai S, Awata S. Association between decrease in frequency of going out and oral function in older adults living in major urban areas. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19:792-797. [DOI: 10.1111/ggi.13715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yurie Mikami
- Research on Social and Human Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
| | - Yutaka Watanabe
- Research on Social and Human Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental MedicineHokkaido University Sapporo Japan
| | - Keiko Motokawa
- Research on Social and Human Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
| | - Maki Shirobe
- Research on Social and Human Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
| | - Yoshiko Motohashi
- Research on Social and Human Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
| | - Ayako Edahiro
- Research on Social and Human Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
| | - Junko Nakajima
- Research on Social and Human Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
| | - Yosuke Osuka
- Research on Social and Human Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
| | - Hiroki Inagaki
- Research on Social and Human Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Research on Social and Human Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
| | - Shoji Shinkai
- Research on Social and Human Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
| | - Shuichi Awata
- Research on Social and Human Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
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Miyashita J, Yamamoto Y, Shimizu S, Aoki T, Azuma T, Takada T, Hayashi M, Kimachi M, Ikenoue T, Fukuma S, Fukuhara S. Association between social networks and discussions regarding advance care planning among Japanese older adults. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213894. [PMID: 30908511 PMCID: PMC6433343 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Older adults’ discussions with family, or with physicians, or with both, about advance care planning (ACP) are increasingly regarded as important for the management of end-of-life care, and yet the factors that induce older adults to engage in ACP discussions are poorly understood. For example, in older adults, is stronger connectedness with family and friends (stronger “networks”) associated with ACP discussions? By facilitating, or by impeding ACP discussions? We sought to evaluate the associations between ACP discussions and social networks in Japanese older adults. Methods In July 2016 we conducted a cross-sectional survey on 355 community-dwelling patients aged ≥65 years visiting community hospital clinics in Fukushima, Japan. We used the Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS-6, the shortest available LSNS scale) to assess social networks and recorded two components of social network structure, marital status (dichotomized as “married” vs. “single / other”) and living status (“living with others” vs. “living alone”). One item asked if patients had had ACP discussions. We analyzed the LSNS-6 social network and marital and living status data in relation to the occurrence of ACP discussions using multiple logistic regression models with adjustments for possible confounding factors. Results Respondents’ social network was “limited” in 16% of cases; 61% had had ACP discussions. Respondents with a limited social network had a significantly lower tendency to have had ACP discussions than respondents with an “adequate” social network (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 0.35; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.18–0.66; P < 0.001). Marital status and living status were not significantly associated with ACP discussion. Conclusions Among Japanese older adults, weaker social networks may be associated with a lower tendency to discuss ACP. Our findings may help practitioners to quickly screen populations at risk for inadequate ACP discussion by using the LSNS-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Miyashita
- Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, School of Public Health in the Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of General Medicine, Shirakawa Satellite for Teaching and Research (STAR), Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yosuke Yamamoto
- Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, School of Public Health in the Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Sayaka Shimizu
- Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, School of Public Health in the Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takuya Aoki
- Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, School of Public Health in the Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Teruhisa Azuma
- Department of General Medicine, Shirakawa Satellite for Teaching and Research (STAR), Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Takada
- Department of General Medicine, Shirakawa Satellite for Teaching and Research (STAR), Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Michio Hayashi
- Department of General Medicine, Shirakawa Satellite for Teaching and Research (STAR), Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Miho Kimachi
- Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, School of Public Health in the Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tatsuyoshi Ikenoue
- Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, School of Public Health in the Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shingo Fukuma
- Human Health Sciences in the Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shunichi Fukuhara
- Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, School of Public Health in the Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of General Medicine, Shirakawa Satellite for Teaching and Research (STAR), Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
- Center for Innovative Research for Communities and Clinical Excellence (CIRC2LE), Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
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Tomioka K, Kurumatani N, Saeki K. The differential effects of type and frequency of social participation on IADL declines of older people. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207426. [PMID: 30462711 PMCID: PMC6248949 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although social participation (SP) is valid in active aging, it is vague which types and the frequency of SP are effective in maintaining instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). We conducted a community-based prospective cohort study and investigated the association of the types and frequency for SP with IADL decline in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS The target population were all individuals aged ≥65 living in a commuter town in Nara, Japan. A total of 6,013 participants with independent IADL at baseline were analyzed. IADL was assessed using the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence. Six SP types were assessed: volunteer groups, sports groups, hobby clubs, senior citizens' clubs, neighborhood community associations, and cultural clubs. The frequency of SP was categorized into frequent (i.e., weekly or more), moderate (i.e., monthly or yearly), and non-participation. Using multiple logistic regression models, the odds ratio (OR) and a 95% confidence interval (CI) for IADL decline were calculated. Covariates included age, marital status, education, subjective economic status, work status, body mass index, chronic medical conditions (i.e., hypertension, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, and cerebrovascular disease), lifestyle factors (i.e., alcohol, smoking, and exercise), self-rated health, depression, and cognitive functioning. To examine gender differences, stratified analyses by gender were performed. RESULTS During the 33-month follow-up, 16.4% of men and 8.7% of women exhibited IADL decline. After adjustment for all covariates, compared to those who never participated, women with moderate participation had significantly lower odds of IADL decline in volunteer groups (OR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.31-0.88), hobby clubs (OR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.38-0.79), neighborhood community associations (OR = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.42-0.81), and cultural clubs (OR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.31-0.82), and women with frequent participation had lower odds of IADL decline in hobby clubs (OR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.43-0.93). In contrast, among men, the significant association between SP and less risk of IADL decline was limited to moderate participation in neighborhood community associations (OR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.63-0.99), and there were no differences between frequent participation and non-participation in all types of SP. Regarding volunteer groups, compared to women with frequent participation, women with moderate participation had a significantly lower risk of IADL decline (OR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.18-0.77). The results of additional stratified analyses by self-rated health, depression, and cognitive functioning showed that the associations of the type and frequency of SP with IADL decline varied according to physical and mental functioning. CONCLUSIONS Several types of SP have a favorable effect on IADL through moderate participation rather than frequent participation, and women with moderate participation in volunteer groups have a more beneficial effect on IADL than women with frequent participation. When advising community-dwelling older adults on SP for IADL maintenance, health professionals may need to take into account plateau effects, gender differences, and physical and mental functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimiko Tomioka
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Norio Kurumatani
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Keigo Saeki
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
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The "Dark Side" Effects of Social Capital on Harmful Drinking among Chinese Community Residents: A Multilevel Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15102249. [PMID: 30326561 PMCID: PMC6210951 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15102249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: To determine the effects of social capital on harmful drinking (HD) among Chinese community residents using a multilevel study. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted from 2017⁻2018. In total, 13,610 participants were randomly interviewed from 29 districts of 3 cities in China with a multi-stage sampling procedure. Social capital, including social cohesion, membership in social organizations, and frequency of social participation, were assessed using validated scales. HD was assessed using the CAGE four-item questionnaire. Multilevel models were developed to determine whether social capital was related to HD when socioeconomic and demographic covariates were controlled. Results: In general, the prevalence of HD was 8.18%, and more specifically, 13.77% for men and 2.74% for women. After controlling for covariates and stratifying by gender, compared to residents in the low individual-level membership of social organizations, we found that the odds ratio (OR) for HD was 1.30 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.07⁻1.56 among men and 1.95 (95% CI: 1.29⁻2.97) among women. Compared to residents in the low individual-level frequency of social participation groups, the odds ratio of HD among women was 1.58 (95% CI: 1.10⁻2.26). There was no association between district-level social capital and HD. Conclusions: A high level of social capital may promote HD among the residents of Chinese neighborhoods. Intervention to modify social capital under the Chinese drinking culture may help reduce HD.
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Pengpid S, Peltzer K. The prevalence of edentulism and their related factors in Indonesia, 2014/15. BMC Oral Health 2018; 18:118. [PMID: 29970051 PMCID: PMC6029125 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-018-0582-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little information exists about the loss of all one's teeth (edentulism) among older adults in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of edentulism and associated factors among older adults in Indonesia. METHOD This study examines the self-reported prevalence of edentulism and associated factors among older adults (50 years and older) in a cross-sectional national study using the Indonesia Family Life Survey IFLS-5, 2014/15. The community-based study uses a multi-stage stratified sampling design to interview and assess household members, with a household response rate of over 90%. RESULTS The overall prevalence of edentulism was 7.2, 29.8% in 80 years and older and 11.8% in those with no formal education. In adjusted Poisson regression analysis, older age, living in five major island groups and having functional disability were associated with edentulism. In addition, among men, having quit and current tobacco use and among women, having low social capital were associated with edentulism. Further, in adjusted analysis, among men, edentulism was positively associated with hypertension and negatively associated with diabetes, and among women, edentulism was associated with functional disability. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that overall and/or among men or women that older age, living in five major island groups, having functional disability, tobacco quitters and users and those with low social capital was associated with edentulism. The identified associated factors of edentulism may be utilized in oral health programmes targeting older adults in Indonesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supa Pengpid
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand
- Department of Research & Innovation, University of Limpopo, Turfloop, South Africa
| | - Karl Peltzer
- Department of Research & Innovation, University of Limpopo, Turfloop, South Africa
- HIV/AIDS/STIs and TB (HAST) Research Programme, Human Sciences Research Council, Private Bag X41, Pretoria, 0001 South Africa
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Tomioka K, Kurumatani N, Hosoi H. Association between stairs in the home and instrumental activities of daily living among community-dwelling older adults. BMC Geriatr 2018; 18:132. [PMID: 29898678 PMCID: PMC6001070 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-018-0830-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is insufficient evidence regarding the relationship of home environment with functional capacity among community-dwelling older people without disabilities. We conducted a population-based longitudinal cohort study and examined whether stairs in the home were associated with capability to perform instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) in community-dwelling high-functioning older adults. Methods The target population was individuals aged 65 years or older living in two municipalities in Nara Prefecture in Japan. At the baseline survey, residents who were independent in IADL (n = 6722) were included as survey subjects. Subjects were divided into three groups according to their home type; one-storey residences, walk-up residences, or residences with an elevator. IADL was evaluated using the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence. Multiple logistic regression analyses stratified by gender were used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and a 95% confidence interval (CI) for a decline in IADL, with one-storey residences as a reference. Age, studied area, marital status, working status, self-perceived economic status, body mass index, chronic diseases, smoking, drinking, eating habits, basic activities of daily living, cognitive functioning, depression, self-rated health, and social participation were used as covariates. Results During the 3-year follow-up, 11.6% of the subjects showed a decline in IADL. After adjusting for covariates, women who lived in walk-up residences had a lower risk for IADL decline (adjusted OR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.52–0.99), while living in a home with an elevator was not associated with IADL decline (adjusted OR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.49–1.77). In contrast, there was no association between home type and IADL decline in men (walk-up residences, adjusted OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.71–1.14; residences with an elevator, adjusted OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.39–1.72). Conclusions The presence of stairs in the home was associated with prevention of IADL decline over a 3-year period in older women without disabilities. Although a barrier-free house is recommended for older people, our findings indicate that a home with stairs may maintain the capability to perform IADL among older adults without disabilities. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12877-018-0830-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimiko Tomioka
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Shijo-cho 840, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8521, Japan.
| | - Norio Kurumatani
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Shijo-cho 840, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hosoi
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Shijo-cho 840, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
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Fu C, Li Z, Mao Z. Association between Social Activities and Cognitive Function among the Elderly in China: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E231. [PMID: 29385773 PMCID: PMC5858300 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15020231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Participation in social activities is one of important factors for older adults' health. The present study aims to examine the cross-sectional association between social activities and cognitive function among Chinese elderly. A total of 8966 individuals aged 60 and older from the 2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were obtained for this study. Telephone interviews of cognitive status, episodic memory, and visuospatial abilities were assessed by questionnaire. We used the sum of all three of the above measures to represent the respondent's cognitive status as a whole. Types and frequencies of participation in social groups were used to measure social activities. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between social activities and cognitive function. After adjustment for demographics, smoking, drinking, depression, hypertension, diabetes, basic activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living, and self-rated health, multiple linear regression analysis revealed that interaction with friends, participating in hobby groups, and sports groups were associated with better cognitive function among both men and women (p < 0.05); doing volunteer work was associated with better cognitive function among women but not among men (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that there is a cross-sectional association between participation in social activities and cognitive function among Chinese elderly. Longitudinal studies are needed to examine the effects of social activities on cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Fu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, No.115 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Zhen Li
- Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Zongfu Mao
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, No.115 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China.
- Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China.
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Tomioka K, Kurumatani N, Hosoi H. Positive and negative influences of social participation on physical and mental health among community-dwelling elderly aged 65-70 years: a cross-sectional study in Japan. BMC Geriatr 2017; 17:111. [PMID: 28525988 PMCID: PMC5437627 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-017-0502-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although numerous investigations have indicated that social participation (SP) has positive effects on the health of older adults, there have been few studies on its negative health consequences. We examined the cross-sectional associations of the type, frequency, and autonomy for SP with physical and mental health. METHODS The analytical subjects were 5126 males and 7006 females who were functionally independent, born between 1945 and 1949, and covered by A City's medical insurance system. Physical and mental health were measured using the SF-8 Health Survey. SP was measured through six types of social groups. These social groups included volunteer groups, sports groups, hobby clubs, senior citizens' clubs, neighborhood community associations, and cultural groups. Analysis of covariance was conducted to compare adjusted physical health component summary scores (PCS) and mental health component summary scores (MCS) by the frequency and autonomy of SP. Age, family size, body mass index, chronic conditions, smoking, alcohol intake, depression and cognitive functioning were included as covariates. To examine whether the associations between SP and PCS/MCS are different between genders, we performed analyses stratified by gender. RESULTS Overall, positive associations of the frequency and autonomy of SP with PCS and MCS were stronger in females than males. As to frequency, frequent participation in sports groups and hobby clubs had significantly better PCS among both genders and better MCS among females than non-participation. None of the groups differed significantly in the MCS among males. As to autonomy, among both genders, voluntary participation in sports groups and hobby clubs had significantly better PCS than non-participation, and better MCS than not only non-participation, but also obligatory participation. Among females, obligatory participation in all groups had significantly poorer MCS than voluntary participation, and obligatory participation in sports groups had significantly poorer MCS than non-participation. CONCLUSIONS Obligatory SP had significantly poorer MCS than voluntary participation, occasionally than non-participation; there is a possibility that obligatory SP has harmful influences on mental health of community-dwelling elderly. Measures to promote SP with consideration for individuals' autonomy may be effective in the public health approach to maintaining mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimiko Tomioka
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Shijo-cho 840, Kashihara city, Nara, 634-8521 Japan
| | - Norio Kurumatani
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Shijo-cho 840, Kashihara city, Nara, 634-8521 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hosoi
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Shijo-cho 840, Kashihara city, Nara, 634-8521 Japan
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Takeuchi K, Ohara T, Furuta M, Takeshita T, Shibata Y, Hata J, Yoshida D, Yamashita Y, Ninomiya T. Tooth Loss and Risk of Dementia in the Community: the Hisayama Study. J Am Geriatr Soc 2017; 65:e95-e100. [PMID: 28272750 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.14791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To clarify the effect of tooth loss on development of all-cause dementia and its subtypes in an elderly Japanese population. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING The Hisayama Study, Japan. PARTICIPANTS Community-dwelling Japanese adults without dementia aged 60 and older (N = 1,566) were followed for 5 years (2007-2012). MEASUREMENTS Participants were classified into four categories according to baseline number of remaining teeth (≥20, 10-19, 1-9, 0). The risk estimates of the effect of tooth loss on the development of all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VaD) were computed using a Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS During follow-up, 180 (11.5%) subjects developed all-cause dementia; 127 (8.1%) had AD, and 42 (2.7%) had VaD. After adjusting for potential confounders, there was a tendency for the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio of all-cause dementia to increase with decrease in number of remaining teeth (P for trend = .04). The risk of all-cause dementia was 1.62 times as great in subjects with 10 to 19 teeth, 1.81 times as great in those with one to nine teeth, and 1.63 times as great in those with no teeth as in those with 20 teeth or more. An inverse association was observed between number of remaining teeth and risk of AD (P for trend = .08), but no such association was observed with risk of VaD (P for trend = .20). CONCLUSION Tooth loss is associated with an increased risk of all-cause dementia and AD in the Japanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Takeuchi
- Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Ohara
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Michiko Furuta
- Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toru Takeshita
- Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yukie Shibata
- Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jun Hata
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Daigo Yoshida
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Yamashita
- Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Ninomiya
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Tomioka K, Kurumatani N, Hosoi H. Correction: Social Participation and the Prevention of Decline in Effectance among Community-Dwelling Elderly: A Population-Based Cohort Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164925. [PMID: 27755579 PMCID: PMC5068769 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Is Social Network Diversity Associated with Tooth Loss among Older Japanese Adults? PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159970. [PMID: 27459102 PMCID: PMC4961379 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We sought to examine social network diversity as a potential determinant of oral health, considering size and contact frequency of the social network and oral health behaviors. METHODS Our cross-sectional study was based on data from the 2010 Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study. Data from 19,756 community-dwelling individuals aged 65 years or older were analyzed. We inquired about diversity of friendships based on seven types of friends. Ordered logistic regression models were developed to determine the association between the diversity of social networks and number of teeth (categorized as ≥20, 10-19, 1-9, and 0). RESULTS Of the participants, 54.1% were women (mean age, 73.9 years; standard deviation, 6.2). The proportion of respondents with ≥20 teeth was 34.1%. After adjusting for age, sex, socioeconomic status (income, education, and occupation), marital status, health status (diabetes and mental health), and size and contact frequency of the social network, an increase in the diversity of social networks was significantly associated with having more teeth (odds ratio = 1.08; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-1.11). Even adjusted for oral health behaviors (smoking, curative/preventive dental care access, use of dental floss/fluoride toothpaste), significant association was still observed (odds ratio = 1.05 (95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.08)). CONCLUSION Social connectedness among people from diverse backgrounds may increase information channels and promote the diffusion of oral health behaviors and prevent tooth loss.
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Factors associated with risk for assisted living among community-dwelling older Japanese. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2016; 65:63-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Tsuboya T, Aida J, Hikichi H, Subramanian SV, Kondo K, Osaka K, Kawachi I. Predictors of depressive symptoms following the Great East Japan earthquake: A prospective study. Soc Sci Med 2016; 161:47-54. [PMID: 27239707 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We sought to investigate prospectively the association between exposure to disaster (the 2011 East Japan Earthquake) and change in depressive symptoms among community-dwelling older adult survivors. We used two waves of data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES), an ongoing population-based, prospective cohort study in Japan. A unique feature of our study was the availability of information about mental health status pre-dating the disaster. Our sample comprised community-dwelling survivors aged 65 and older, who responded to surveys in 2010 (i.e. one year before the disaster) and in 2013 (n = 3464). We categorized disaster exposure according to three types of experiences: loss of family/friends, property damage, and disruption in access to medical service. Our main outcome was change in depressive symptoms, measured by the 15-item geriatric depression scale (GDS). Among the participants, 917 (26.5%) reported losing a family member to the disaster, while a further 537 (15.5%) reported losing a friend. More than half of the participants reported some damage to their homes. After adjusting for demographics and baseline mental health, people whose homes were completely destroyed had significantly elevated depressive symptom scores three years later (+1.22 points, 95%CI: 0.80, 1.64, p < 0.0001). Disruption of psychiatric care was also associated with change in GDS scores (+2.51 points, 95%CI: 1.28, 3.74, p < 0.0001). By contrast, loss of family/friends was no longer associated with GDS after 3 years; +0.18 points (95%CI: -0.018, 0.37, p = 0.08) for loss of family, and -0.045 points (95%CI: -0.28, 0.19, p = 0.71) for loss of friends. Three years after the disaster, survivors of the 2011 earthquake and tsunami appeared to have recovered from loss of loved ones. By contrast, property loss and disruption of psychiatry care were associated with persistent adverse impact on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Tsuboya
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Boston, USA; Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Department of International and Community Oral Health, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Jun Aida
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Department of International and Community Oral Health, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hikichi
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Boston, USA
| | - S V Subramanian
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Boston, USA
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Chiba University, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ken Osaka
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Department of International and Community Oral Health, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Boston, USA
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Tomioka K, Kurumatani N, Hosoi H. Association Between Social Participation and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults. J Epidemiol 2016; 26:553-561. [PMID: 27180933 PMCID: PMC5037253 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20150253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Population-based data examining the relationship between social participation (SP) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) are scarce. This study examined the cross-sectional relationship between SP and IADL in community-dwelling elderly persons. Methods Self-administered questionnaires were mailed to 23 710 residents aged ≥65 years in Nara, Japan (response rate: 74.2%). Data from 14 956 respondents (6935 males and 8021 females) without dependency in basic activities of daily living (ADL) were analyzed. The number, type, and frequency of participation in social groups (SGs) were used to measure SP. SGs included volunteer groups, sports groups, hobby groups, senior citizens’ clubs, neighborhood community associations, and cultural groups. IADL was evaluated using the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence. Logistic regression models stratified by gender were used. Results After adjustment for putative confounding factors, including demographics, health status, life-style habits, ADL, depression, cognitive function, social networks, social support, and social roles, participation in various SGs among both genders was inversely associated with poor IADL, showing a significant dose-response relationship between an increasing number of SGs and a lower proportion of those with poor IADL (P for trend <0.001). A significant inverse association between frequent participation and poor IADL was observed for all types of SGs among females, whereas the association was limited to sports groups and senior citizens’ clubs among males. Conclusions Our results show that participation in a variety of SGs is associated with independent IADL among the community-dwelling elderly, regardless of gender. However, the beneficial effects of frequent participation on IADL may be stronger for females than for males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimiko Tomioka
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University
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Koyama S, Aida J, Kondo K, Yamamoto T, Saito M, Ohtsuka R, Nakade M, Osaka K. Does poor dental health predict becoming homebound among older Japanese? BMC Oral Health 2016; 16:51. [PMID: 27136935 PMCID: PMC4852443 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-016-0209-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Being homebound is an important risk factor of functional disability in older people. There is a possibility of bidirectional relationship between homeboundness and dental health. This prospective cohort study examined the association of dental health, which includes social function, on homeboundness in the future. Methods The participants were ≥ 65 years, responded to two postal surveys conducted in 2006 and 2010, and were not homebound at baseline. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratios for homeboundness, defined as going out of one’s home less than once weekly. Self-reported baseline dental status was used as the main predictor. Age, sex, marital status, educational attainment, income, comorbidity, depression, walking time, living alone, and area of residence were used as covariates. Results Among 4390 non-homebound respondents, 7.4 % were homebound four years later. The proportions of homebound respondents with < 20 teeth without dentures, < 20 teeth with dentures, and ≥ 20 teeth were 9.7, 8.8, and 4.4 %, respectively. The odds for being homebound in the 65–74-year age group, adjusted for covariates, was 1.78 (95 % CI: 1.01–3.13; p < 0.05) times higher for respondents with < 20 teeth and no dentures than that for respondents with ≥ 20 teeth. Among the participants in the ≥ 75-year age group, a significant association of homeboundness and dental health was not observed. Conclusions Among the young-old population, poor dental health predicted future onset of homeboundness, while depressive symptoms did not show any significant association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihoko Koyama
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai City, Miyagi, Japan.
| | - Jun Aida
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai City, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba City, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Gerontological Evaluation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu City, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Yamamoto
- Division of Dental Sociology, Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka City, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masashige Saito
- Department of Social Welfare, Nihon Fukushi University, Nagoya City, Aichi, Japan
| | - Rika Ohtsuka
- Doctoral Institute for Evidence Based Policy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miyo Nakade
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Tokaigakuen University, Nagoya City, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ken Osaka
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai City, Miyagi, Japan
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Takeuchi K, Izumi M, Furuta M, Takeshita T, Shibata Y, Kageyama S, Ganaha S, Yamashita Y. Association between posterior teeth occlusion and functional dependence among older adults in nursing homes in Japan. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2016; 17:622-627. [DOI: 10.1111/ggi.12762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Takeuchi
- Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health Growth and Development; Faculty of Dental Science Kyushu University; Fukuoka Fukuoka Japan
| | - Maya Izumi
- Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health Growth and Development; Faculty of Dental Science Kyushu University; Fukuoka Fukuoka Japan
| | - Michiko Furuta
- Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health Growth and Development; Faculty of Dental Science Kyushu University; Fukuoka Fukuoka Japan
| | - Toru Takeshita
- Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health Growth and Development; Faculty of Dental Science Kyushu University; Fukuoka Fukuoka Japan
| | - Yukie Shibata
- Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health Growth and Development; Faculty of Dental Science Kyushu University; Fukuoka Fukuoka Japan
| | - Shinya Kageyama
- Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health Growth and Development; Faculty of Dental Science Kyushu University; Fukuoka Fukuoka Japan
| | - Seijun Ganaha
- Kizuna-kai, Aso-kizuna Dental Clinic; Aso Kumamoto Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Yamashita
- Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health Growth and Development; Faculty of Dental Science Kyushu University; Fukuoka Fukuoka Japan
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Koyama S, Aida J, Saito M, Kondo N, Sato Y, Matsuyama Y, Tani Y, Sasaki Y, Kondo K, Ojima T, Yamamoto T, Tsuboya T, Osaka K. Community social capital and tooth loss in Japanese older people: a longitudinal cohort study. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e010768. [PMID: 27048636 PMCID: PMC4823438 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To date, no study has prospectively examined the association between social capital (SC) in the community and oral health. The aim of this longitudinal cohort study was to examine the association between both community-level and individual-level SC and tooth loss in older Japanese people. DESIGN Prospective cohort study SETTING We utilised data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES) performed in 2010 and 2013 and conducted in 525 districts. PARTICIPANTS The target population was restricted to non-institutionalised people aged 65 years or older. Participants included 51 280 people who responded to two surveys and who had teeth at baseline. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURE The primary outcome measure was loss of remaining teeth, measured by the downward change of any category of remaining teeth, between baseline and follow-up. RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 72.5 years (SD=5.4). During the study period, 8.2% (n=4180) lost one or more of their remaining teeth. Among three community-level SC variables obtained from factor analysis, an indicator of civic participation significantly reduced the risk of tooth loss (OR 0.93; 95% CI 0.88 to 0.99). The individual-level SC variables 'hobby activity participation' and 'sports group participation' were also associated with a reduced risk of tooth loss (OR 0.88; 95% CI 0.81 to 0.95 and OR 0.90; 95% CI 0.82 to 0.99, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Living in a community with rich SC and individuals with good SC is associated with lower incidence of tooth loss among older Japanese people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihoko Koyama
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Jun Aida
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Masashige Saito
- Department of Social Welfare, Nihon Fukushi University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Naoki Kondo
- Department of Health Education and Health Sociology, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Sato
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yusuke Matsuyama
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yukako Tani
- Department of Health Education and Health Sociology, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuri Sasaki
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Ojima
- Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Yamamoto
- Division of Dental Sociology, Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka City, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toru Tsuboya
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Ken Osaka
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Miyagi, Japan
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Social Capital and Oral Health Among Adults 50 Years and Older: Results From the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Psychosom Med 2015; 77:927-37. [PMID: 26458157 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000000197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study examines the differential associations of structural and functional social capital with objective and subjective measures of oral health, and the interactions between social capital and other sociodemographic and health factors. METHODS Secondary analysis of data on 8552 adults 50 years and older from the third wave (2006-2007) of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing was conducted. Oral health outcomes were self-rated oral health, edentulousness (having no natural teeth), and Oral Impacts on Daily Performances. Structural social capital was measured by membership of social organizations and volunteering. Functional social capital was measured by the number of close ties and perceived emotional social support. Logistic regression models were sequentially adjusted for demographic, socioeconomic, health-related factors, and smoking status. RESULTS Structural social capital was primarily associated with edentulousness. Not being a member of any organization was associated with higher odds of being edentate (odds ratio [OR] = 1.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.43-2.16). Functional social capital was associated with self-rated oral health and oral impacts. Low social support was associated with poor self-rated oral health (OR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.16-1.72) and Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (OR = 1.69, 95% CI = 1.27-2.24). CONCLUSIONS The association of structural social capital with edentulousness may reflect health selection effects. The availability of a supportive social network seems to be the aspect of social capital most strongly associated with oral health.
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Social Participation and the Prevention of Decline in Effectance among Community-Dwelling Elderly: A Population-Based Cohort Study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139065. [PMID: 26406326 PMCID: PMC4583439 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined the association between a decline in effectance and social participation (SP) from the perspective of the number and the type of SP in a prospective cohort study. METHODS Included in this analysis were community-dwelling elderly aged ≥ 65 without dependency on the basic activities of daily living and reporting a perfect baseline effectance score (n = 4,588; mean age 72.8 ± 5.7). SP was categorized into 5 types: neighborhood associations, hobby groups, local event groups, senior citizen clubs, and volunteer groups. Effectance was evaluated using the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence. Using logistic regression analysis, odds ratio (OR) and a 95% confidence interval (CI) for a decline in effectance were calculated. Age, family, BMI, pensions, medical history, medications, alcohol, smoking, cognitive function, depression, social support, ADL, and IADL were used as covariates. RESULTS During the 3-year follow-up, 17.8% of eligible participants reported a decline in effectance. After adjustment for covariates, participation in various groups was associated with the preservation of effectance for both genders. Regarding the type of SP, among females, participation in neighborhood associations (OR: 0.62, 95%CI: 0.48-0.81), hobby groups (0.58, 0.43-0.77), local event groups (0.63, 0.47-0.86), and volunteer groups (0.53, 0.35-0.82) was inversely associated with a decline in effectance. Among males, the beneficial effect was more likely limited to hobby groups (0.59, 0.43-0.81) and volunteer groups (0.57, 0.39-0.83). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that participation in a variety of social groups is effective for maintenance of older people's effectance, while the beneficial effect of each type of SP on effectance is stronger for females than for males. Recommending community-dwelling elderly to participate in social groups appropriate for their gender may be effective for successful aging.
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Fernández MR, Goettems ML, Ardenghi TM, Demarco FF, Correa MB. The Role of School Social Environment on Dental Caries Experience in 8- to 12-Year-Old Brazilian Children: A Multilevel Analysis. Caries Res 2015; 49:548-56. [DOI: 10.1159/000438832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Although children spend most of their time involved in activities related to school, few studies have focused on the association between school social environment and oral health. This cross-sectional study assessed individual and school-related social environment correlates of dental caries in Brazilian schoolchildren aged 8-12 years. Methods: A sample of children from 20 private and public schools (n = 1,211) was selected. Socio-economic data were collected from parents, and data regarding children characteristics were collected from children using a questionnaire. Dental examinations were performed to assess the presence of dental plaque: dental caries experience (DMFT ≥1) and dental caries severity (mean dmf-t/DMF-T). The social school environment was assessed by a questionnaire administered to school coordinators. Multilevel Poisson regression was used to investigate the association between school social environment and dental caries prevalence and experience. Results: The dental caries prevalence was 32.4% (95% confidence interval: 29.7-35.2) and the mean dmf-t/DMF-T was 1.84 (standard deviation: 2.2). Multilevel models showed that the mean dmf-t/DMF-T and DMFT ≥1 were associated with lower maternal schooling and higher levels of dental plaque. For contextual variables, schools offering after-hours sports activities were associated with a lower prevalence of dental caries and a lower mean of dmf-t/DMF-T, while the occurrence of violence and theft episodes was positively associated with dental caries. Conclusions: The school social environment has an influence on dental caries in children. The results suggest that strategies focused on the promotion of healthier environments should be stimulated to reduce inequalities in dental caries.
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Tomioka K, Okamoto N, Kurumatani N, Hosoi H. Association of Psychosocial Conditions, Oral Health, and Dietary Variety with Intellectual Activity in Older Community-Dwelling Japanese Adults. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137656. [PMID: 26360380 PMCID: PMC4567331 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study examined the factors related to intellectual activity in community-dwelling elderly persons. Methods Self-administered questionnaires mailed to all people aged ≥65 years in a dormitory suburb in Japan (n = 15,210). The response rate was 72.2%. Analytical subjects (n = 8,910) were those who lived independently and completely answered questions about independent and dependent variables and covariates. Independent variables included psychosocial conditions (i.e., social activities, hobbies, and a sense that life is worth living (ikigai)), oral health (i.e., dental health behaviors and oral function evaluated by chewing difficulties, swallowing difficulties, and oral dryness), and dietary variety measured using the dietary variety score (DVS). A dependent variable was intellectual activity measured using the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence. Covariates included age, gender, family structure, pensions, body mass index, alcohol, smoking, medical history, self-rated health, medications, cognitive function, depression, and falling. Logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) for poor intellectual activity. Results Poor intellectual activity was reported by 28.9% of the study population. After adjustment for covariates and independent variables, poor intellectual activity was significantly associated with nonparticipation in social activities (OR = 1.90, 95%CI = 1.61–2.24), having neither hobbies nor ikigai (3.13, 2.55–3.84), having neither regular dental visits nor daily brushing (1.70, 1.35–2.14), the poorest oral function (1.61, 1.31–1.98), and the lowest DVS quartile (1.96, 1.70–2.26). Conclusion These results indicate that psychosocial conditions, oral health, and dietary variety are independently associated with intellectual activity in elderly persons. The factors identified in this study may be used in community health programs for maintaining the intellectual activity ability of the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimiko Tomioka
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Nozomi Okamoto
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Norio Kurumatani
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hosoi
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
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Hikichi H, Kondo N, Kondo K, Aida J, Takeda T, Kawachi I. Effect of a community intervention programme promoting social interactions on functional disability prevention for older adults: propensity score matching and instrumental variable analyses, JAGES Taketoyo study. J Epidemiol Community Health 2015; 69:905-10. [PMID: 25888596 PMCID: PMC4552922 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2014-205345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The efficacy of promoting social interactions to improve the health of older adults is not fully established due to residual confounding and selection bias. METHODS The government of Taketoyo town, Aichi Prefecture, Japan, developed a resident-centred community intervention programme called 'community salons', providing opportunities for social interactions among local older residents. To evaluate the impact of the programme, we conducted questionnaire surveys for all older residents of Taketoyo. We carried out a baseline survey in July 2006 (prior to the introduction of the programme) and assessed the onset of functional disability during March 2012. We analysed the data of 2421 older people. In addition to the standard Cox proportional hazard regression, we conducted Cox regression with propensity score matching (PSM) and an instrumental variable (IV) analysis, using the number of community salons within a radius of 350 m from the participant's home as an instrument. RESULTS In the 5 years after the first salon was launched, the salon participants showed a 6.3% lower incidence of functional disability compared with non-participants. Even adjusting for sex, age, equivalent income, educational attainment, higher level activities of daily living and depression, the Cox adjusted HR for becoming disabled was 0.49 (95% CI 0.33 to 0.72). Similar results were observed using PSM (HR 0.52, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.83) and IV-Cox analysis (HR 0.50, 95% CI 0.34 to 0.74). CONCLUSIONS A community health promotion programme focused on increasing social interactions among older adults may be effective in preventing the onset of disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Hikichi
- Center for Preventive Medical Science, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Naoki Kondo
- School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Center for Preventive Medical Science, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Centor for Well-being and Society, Nihon Fukushi University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jun Aida
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Density, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tokunori Takeda
- Faculty of Rehabilitation and Care, Seijoh University, Tokai, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Rouxel P, Tsakos G, Demakakos P, Zaninotto P, Chandola T, Watt RG. Is Social Capital a Determinant of Oral Health among Older Adults? Findings from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125557. [PMID: 25992569 PMCID: PMC4436243 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There are a number of studies linking social capital to oral health among older adults, although the evidence base mainly relies on cross-sectional study designs. The possibility of reverse causality is seldom discussed, even though oral health problems could potentially lead to lower social participation. Furthermore, few studies clearly distinguish between the effects of different dimensions of social capital on oral health. The objective of the study was to examine the longitudinal associations between individual social capital and oral health among older adults. We analyzed longitudinal data from the 3rd and 5th waves of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). Structural social capital was operationalized using measures of social participation, and volunteering. Number of close ties and perceived emotional support comprised the functional dimension of social capital. Oral health measures were having no natural teeth (edentate vs. dentate), self-rated oral health and oral health-related quality of life. Time-lag and autoregressive models were used to explore the longitudinal associations between social capital and oral health. We imputed all missing data, using multivariate imputation by chained equations. We found evidence of bi-directional longitudinal associations between self-rated oral health, volunteering and functional social capital. Functional social capital was a strong predictor of change in oral health-related quality of life - the adjusted odds ratio of reporting poor oral health-related quality of life was 1.75 (1.33-2.30) for older adults with low vs. high social support. However in the reverse direction, poor oral health-related quality of life was not associated with changes in social capital. This suggests that oral health may not be a determinant of social capital. In conclusion, social capital may be a determinant of subjective oral health among older adults rather than edentulousness, despite many cross-sectional studies on the latter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Rouxel
- UCL Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Georgios Tsakos
- UCL Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Panayotes Demakakos
- UCL Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paola Zaninotto
- UCL Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tarani Chandola
- Cathie Marsh Institute for Social Research (CMIST), School of Social Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Geddie Watt
- UCL Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Ito K, Aida J, Yamamoto T, Ohtsuka R, Nakade M, Suzuki K, Kondo K, Osaka K. Individual- and community-level social gradients of edentulousness. BMC Oral Health 2015; 15:34. [PMID: 25884467 PMCID: PMC4460930 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-015-0020-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Community-level factors as well as individual-level factors affect individual health. To date, no studies have examined the association between community-level social gradient and edentulousness. The aim of this study was to investigate individual- and community-level social inequalities in edentulousness and to determine any explanatory factors in this association. Methods We analyzed the data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES). In 2010-2012, 112,123 subjects aged 65 or older responded to the questionnaire survey (response rate = 66.3%). Multilevel logistic regression analysis was applied to determine the association between community-level income and edentulousness after accounting for individual-level income and demographic covariates. Then, we estimated the probability of edentulousness by individual- and community-level incomes after adjusted for covariates. Results Of 79,563 valid participants, the prevalence of edentulousness among 39,550 men (49.7%) and 40,013 women (50.3%) were both 13.8%. Living in communities with higher mean incomes and having higher individual-level incomes were significantly associated with a lower risk of edentulousness (odds ratios [ORs] by 10,000 USD increments were 0.37 (95% confidence interval [CI] [0.22-0.63]) for community-level and 0.85 (95% CI [0.84-0.86]) for individual-level income). Individual- and community-level social factors, including density of dental clinics, partially explained the social gradients. However, in the fully adjusted model, both community- and individual-level social gradients of edentulousness remained significant (ORs = 0.43 (95% CI [0.27-0.67]) and 0.90 (95% CI [0.88-0.91]), respectively). One standard deviation changes in community- and individual-level incomes were associated with 0.78 and 0.84 times lower odds of edentulousness, respectively. In addition, compared to men, women living in communities with higher average incomes had a significantly lower risk of edentulousness (p-value for interaction < 0.001). Conclusions Individual- and community-level social inequalities in dental health were observed. Public health policies should account for social determinants of oral health when reducing oral health inequalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanade Ito
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai City, Miyagi, Japan. .,Division of Oral Health Sciences, Department of Health Sciences, School of Health and Social Services, Saitama Prefectural University, Koshigaya City, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Jun Aida
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai City, Miyagi, Japan.
| | - Tatsuo Yamamoto
- Department of Dental Sociology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka City, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Rika Ohtsuka
- Research Team for Human Care, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi Ward, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Miyo Nakade
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Tokaigakuen University, Nagoya City, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Kayo Suzuki
- Center for Well-being and Society, Nihon Fukushi University, Nagoya City, Aichi, Japan. .,Department of Policy Studies, Aichi Gakuin University, Nisshin City, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Center for Well-being and Society, Nihon Fukushi University, Nagoya City, Aichi, Japan. .,Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba City, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Ken Osaka
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai City, Miyagi, Japan.
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de Paiva HN, Paiva PCP, de Paula Silva CJ, Lamounier JA, Ferreira e Ferreira E, Ferreira RC, Kawachi I, Zarzar PM. Is there an association between traumatic dental injury and social capital, binge drinking and socioeconomic indicators among schoolchildren? PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118484. [PMID: 25719561 PMCID: PMC4342009 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Traumatic dental injury is defined as trauma caused by forces on a tooth with variable extent and severity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of traumatic dental injury and its association with overjet, lip protection, sex, socioeconomic status, social capital and binge drinking among 12-year-old students. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHOD A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 633 12-year-old students. Data were collected through a clinical exam and self-administered questionnaires. Socioeconomic status was determined based on mother's schooling and household income. The Social Capital Questionnaire for Adolescent Students and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C) were used to measure social capital and binge drinking, respectively. RESULTS The prevalence of traumatic dental injury was 29.9% (176/588). Traumatic dental injury was more prevalent among male adolescents (p = 0.010), those with overjet greater than 5 mm (p < 0.001) and those with inadequate lip protection (p < 0.001). In the multiple logistic regression analysis, overjet [OR = 3.80 (95% CI: 2.235-6.466), p < 0.0001], inadequate lip protection [OR = 5.585 (95% CI: 3.654-8.535), p < 0.0001] and binge drinking [OR = 1.93 (95% CI: 1.21-3.06), p = 0.005] remained significantly associated with traumatic dental injury. CONCLUSIONS The present findings suggest that a high level of total social capital and trust are not associated with TDI in adolescents, unlike binge drinking. The effects of social and behavioral factors on TDI are not well elucidated. Therefore, further research involving other populations and a longitudinal design is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haroldo Neves de Paiva
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, 39100-000, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Paula Cristina Pelli Paiva
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Carlos José de Paula Silva
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, 39100-000, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Joel Alves Lamounier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Efigênia Ferreira e Ferreira
- Department of Public Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Raquel Conceição Ferreira
- Department of Public Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health and Medical School, 617495.1000, Harvard, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Patrícia Maria Zarzar
- Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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