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Povero D, Lazic M, McBride C, Ambrus-Aikelin G, Stansfield R, Johnson CD, Santini AM, Pranadinata RF, McGeough MD, Stafford JA, Hoffman HM, Feldstein AE, Veal JM, Bain G. Pharmacology of a Potent and Novel Inhibitor of the NOD-Like Receptor Pyrin Domain-Containing Protein 3 (NLRP3) Inflammasome that Attenuates Development of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis and Liver Fibrosis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2023; 386:242-258. [PMID: 37308266 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.123.001639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a multiprotein complex and component of the innate immune system that is activated by exogenous and endogenous danger signals to promote activation of caspase-1 and the maturation and release of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. Inappropriate activation of NLRP3 has been implicated in the pathophysiology of multiple inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, including cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative diseases, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), thus increasing the clinical interest of this target. We describe in this study the preclinical pharmacologic, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic properties of a novel and highly specific NLRP3 inhibitor, JT001 (6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrazolo[5,1-b][1,3]oxazine-3-sulfonylurea). In cell-based assays, JT001 potently and selectively inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome assembly, resulting in the inhibition of cytokine release and the prevention of pyroptosis, a form of inflammatory cell death triggered by active caspase-1. Oral administration of JT001 to mice inhibited IL-1β production in peritoneal lavage fluid at plasma concentrations that correlated with mouse in vitro whole blood potency. Orally administered JT001 was effective in reducing hepatic inflammation in three different murine models, including the Nlrp3A350V /+CreT model of Muckle-Wells syndrome (MWS), a diet-induced obesity NASH model, and a choline-deficient diet-induced NASH model. Significant reductions in hepatic fibrosis and cell damage were also observed in the MWS and choline-deficient models. Our findings demonstrate that blockade of NLRP3 attenuates hepatic inflammation and fibrosis and support the use of JT001 to investigate the role of NLRP3 in other inflammatory disease models. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Persistent inflammasome activation is the consequence of inherited mutations of NLRP3 and results in the development of cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes associated with severe systemic inflammation. NLRP3 is also upregulated in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, a metabolic chronic liver disease currently missing a cure. Selective and potent inhibitors of NLRP3 hold great promise and have the potential to overcome an urgent unmet need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Povero
- Jecure Therapeutics, San Diego, California (D.P., M.L., C.M., G.A.-A., R.S., A.M.S., R.F.P., J.A.S., J.M.V., G.B.) and Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California (C.D.J., M.D.M., H.M.H., A.E.F.)
| | - Milos Lazic
- Jecure Therapeutics, San Diego, California (D.P., M.L., C.M., G.A.-A., R.S., A.M.S., R.F.P., J.A.S., J.M.V., G.B.) and Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California (C.D.J., M.D.M., H.M.H., A.E.F.)
| | - Christopher McBride
- Jecure Therapeutics, San Diego, California (D.P., M.L., C.M., G.A.-A., R.S., A.M.S., R.F.P., J.A.S., J.M.V., G.B.) and Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California (C.D.J., M.D.M., H.M.H., A.E.F.)
| | - Geza Ambrus-Aikelin
- Jecure Therapeutics, San Diego, California (D.P., M.L., C.M., G.A.-A., R.S., A.M.S., R.F.P., J.A.S., J.M.V., G.B.) and Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California (C.D.J., M.D.M., H.M.H., A.E.F.)
| | - Ryan Stansfield
- Jecure Therapeutics, San Diego, California (D.P., M.L., C.M., G.A.-A., R.S., A.M.S., R.F.P., J.A.S., J.M.V., G.B.) and Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California (C.D.J., M.D.M., H.M.H., A.E.F.)
| | - Casey D Johnson
- Jecure Therapeutics, San Diego, California (D.P., M.L., C.M., G.A.-A., R.S., A.M.S., R.F.P., J.A.S., J.M.V., G.B.) and Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California (C.D.J., M.D.M., H.M.H., A.E.F.)
| | - Angelina M Santini
- Jecure Therapeutics, San Diego, California (D.P., M.L., C.M., G.A.-A., R.S., A.M.S., R.F.P., J.A.S., J.M.V., G.B.) and Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California (C.D.J., M.D.M., H.M.H., A.E.F.)
| | - Rama F Pranadinata
- Jecure Therapeutics, San Diego, California (D.P., M.L., C.M., G.A.-A., R.S., A.M.S., R.F.P., J.A.S., J.M.V., G.B.) and Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California (C.D.J., M.D.M., H.M.H., A.E.F.)
| | - Matthew D McGeough
- Jecure Therapeutics, San Diego, California (D.P., M.L., C.M., G.A.-A., R.S., A.M.S., R.F.P., J.A.S., J.M.V., G.B.) and Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California (C.D.J., M.D.M., H.M.H., A.E.F.)
| | - Jeffrey A Stafford
- Jecure Therapeutics, San Diego, California (D.P., M.L., C.M., G.A.-A., R.S., A.M.S., R.F.P., J.A.S., J.M.V., G.B.) and Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California (C.D.J., M.D.M., H.M.H., A.E.F.)
| | - Hal M Hoffman
- Jecure Therapeutics, San Diego, California (D.P., M.L., C.M., G.A.-A., R.S., A.M.S., R.F.P., J.A.S., J.M.V., G.B.) and Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California (C.D.J., M.D.M., H.M.H., A.E.F.)
| | - Ariel E Feldstein
- Jecure Therapeutics, San Diego, California (D.P., M.L., C.M., G.A.-A., R.S., A.M.S., R.F.P., J.A.S., J.M.V., G.B.) and Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California (C.D.J., M.D.M., H.M.H., A.E.F.)
| | - James M Veal
- Jecure Therapeutics, San Diego, California (D.P., M.L., C.M., G.A.-A., R.S., A.M.S., R.F.P., J.A.S., J.M.V., G.B.) and Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California (C.D.J., M.D.M., H.M.H., A.E.F.)
| | - Gretchen Bain
- Jecure Therapeutics, San Diego, California (D.P., M.L., C.M., G.A.-A., R.S., A.M.S., R.F.P., J.A.S., J.M.V., G.B.) and Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California (C.D.J., M.D.M., H.M.H., A.E.F.)
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Yang C, Wang Z, Wan J, Qi T, Zou L. Burkholderia gladioli strain KJ-34 exhibits broad-spectrum antifungal activity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1097044. [PMID: 36938063 PMCID: PMC10020716 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1097044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Plant pathogens are one of the major constraints on worldwide food production. The antibiotic properties of microbes identified as effective in managing plant pathogens are well documented. METHODS Here, we used antagonism experiments and untargeted metabolomics to isolate the potentially antifungal molecules produced by KJ-34. RESULTS KJ-34 is a potential biocontrol bacterium isolated from the rhizosphere soil of rice and can fight multiple fungal pathogens (i.e. Ustilaginoidea virens, Alternaria solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Phytophthora capsica, Corynespora cassiicola). The favoured fermentation conditions are determined and the fermentation broth treatment can significantly inhibit the infection of Magnaporthe oryzae and Botryis cinerea. The fermentation broth suppression ratio is 75% and 82%, respectively. Fermentation broth treatment disrupted the spore germination and led to malformation of hyphae. Additionally, we found that the molecular weight of antifungal products were less than 1000 Da through semipermeable membranes on solid medium assay. To search the potentially antifungal molecules that produce by KJ-34, we used comparative and bioinformatics analyses of fermentation broth before and after optimization by mass spectrometry. Untargeted metabolomics analyses are presumed to have a library of antifungal agents including benzoylstaurosporine, morellin and scopolamine. DISCUSSION These results suggest that KJ-34 produced various biological control agents to suppress multiple phytopathogenic fungi and showed a strong potential in the ecological technologies of prevention and protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunnan Yang
- Ecological Security and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, China
- Kaijiang County Plant Protection and Quarantine Station, Kaijiang County Agricultural and Rural Bureau, Dazhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhihui Wang
- Ecological Security and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, China
- Kaijiang County Plant Protection and Quarantine Station, Kaijiang County Agricultural and Rural Bureau, Dazhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiangxue Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University at Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tuo Qi
- Ecological Security and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University at Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lijuan Zou
- Ecological Security and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, China
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Wang G, Liu Y, Liu S, Lin Y, Hu C. Oncolyic Virotherapy for Prostate Cancer: Lighting a Fire in Winter. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012647. [PMID: 36293504 PMCID: PMC9603894 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
As the most common cancer of the genitourinary system, prostate cancer (PCa) is a global men's health problem whose treatments are an urgent research issue. Treatment options for PCa include active surveillance (AS), surgery, endocrine therapy, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, etc. However, as the cancer progresses, the effectiveness of treatment options gradually decreases, especially in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), for which there are fewer therapeutic options and which have a shorter survival period and worse prognosis. For this reason, oncolytic viral therapy (PV), with its exceptional properties of selective tumor killing, relatively good safety in humans, and potential for transgenic delivery, has attracted increasing attention as a new form of anti-tumor strategy for PCa. There is growing evidence that OV not only kills tumor cells directly by lysis but can also activate anticancer immunity by acting on the tumor microenvironment (TME), thereby preventing tumor growth. In fact, evidence of the efficacy of this strategy has been observed since the late 19th century. However, subsequently, interest waned. The renewed interest in this therapy was due to advances in biotechnological methods and innovations at the end of the 20th century, which was also the beginning of PCa therapy with OV. Moreover, in combination with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, gene therapy or immunotherapy, OV viruses can have a wide range of applications and can provide an effective therapeutic result in the treatment of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongwei Wang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Shuoru Liu
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yuan Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 528478, China
| | - Cheng Hu
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
- Correspondence:
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Straus DB, Pryor D, Haque TT, Kee SA, Dailey JM, Jackson KG, Barnstein BO, Ryan JJ. IL-33 priming amplifies ATP-mediated mast cell cytokine production. Cell Immunol 2022; 371:104470. [PMID: 34942481 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2021.104470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory responses are required to block pathogen infection but can also lead to hypersensitivity and chronic inflammation. Barrier tissues actively release IL-33, ATP, and other alarmins during cell stress, helping identify pathogenic stimuli. However, it is unclear how these signals are integrated. Mast cells are critical initiators of allergic inflammation and respond to IL-33 and ATP. We found that mouse mast cells had a 3-6-fold increase in ATP-induced cytokine production when pre-treated with IL-33. This effect was observed at ATP concentrations < 100 µM and required < 30-minute IL-33 exposure. ATP-induced degranulation was not enhanced by pretreatment nor was the response to several pathogen molecules. Mechanistic studies implicated the P2X7 receptor and calcineurin/NFAT pathway in the enhanced ATP response. Finally, we found that IL-33 + ATP co-stimulation enhanced peritoneal eosinophil and macrophage recruitment. These results support the hypothesis that alarmins collaborate to surpass a threshold necessary to initiate an inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Straus
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA.
| | - Destiny Pryor
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Tamara T Haque
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Sydney A Kee
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Jordan M Dailey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Kaitlyn G Jackson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Brian O Barnstein
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - John J Ryan
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
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Macrophages and Epithelial Cells Mutually Interact through NLRP3 to Clear Infection and Enhance the Gastrointestinal Barrier. IMMUNO 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/immuno2010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) leads to the release of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β, which then facilitates pathogen control by macrophages. The role of NLRPs in controlling infection of epithelial cells is not well understood. Our hypothesis was that activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in colonic epithelial cells would promote macrophage-mediated epithelial recovery after infection with the pathogen Citrobacter rodentium. We devised a co-culture model using mouse colonic epithelial cells (CMT-93) and macrophages (J774A.1) during infection with C. rodentium. Inflammasome was activated using LPS and ATP and inhibited by YVAD. We assessed cytokine secretion (ELISA), macrophage recruitment and pathogen penetration (immunofluorescence), and epithelial barrier integrity (transepithelial electrical resistance). Macrophages were recruited to the apical membrane of epithelial cells, associated with tight junctions, promoted epithelial barrier recovery, and displaced C. rodentium. While NLRP3 was expressed in infected epithelial cells, IL-18 or IL-1β secretion remained unchanged. Supernatants from infected epithelial cells promoted infection clearance by macrophage; while this was inflammasome-independent, ATP significantly improved epithelial barrier recovery. The inflammasome appears to promote epithelial barrier function, independent of IL-18 and IL-1β secretion. Inflammasome activation in macrophages plays a dual role of promoting pathogen clearance and improving epithelial barrier integrity.
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Li Z, Jiang J. The NLRP3 inflammasome mediates liver failure by activating procaspase-1 and pro-IL-1 β and regulating downstream CD40-CD40L signaling. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:3000605211036845. [PMID: 34551597 PMCID: PMC8485287 DOI: 10.1177/03000605211036845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives In this prospective case–control study, we explored the regulatory roles of the NLRP3 inflammasome in hepatitis B virus-associated acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF). Methods Thirty patients with HBV-ACLF, 30 patients with chronic hepatitis B, and 30 healthy individuals were enrolled. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to assess mRNA levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and serum protein levels were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, asparagine aminotransferase, total bilirubin, and direct bilirubin in patients with HBV-ACLF were increased. Transcript levels of NLRP3 and ASC and protein levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, and sCD40L were elevated in patients with HBV-ACLF. Expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway components procaspase-1 and pro-IL-1β was elevated in patients with HBV-ACLF. Conclusions This prospective case-control study demonstrated that significant activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome occurs in patients with HBV-ACLF. The activated NLRP3 inflammasome mediated liver failure by stimulating procaspase-1 and pro-IL-1 β and regulating downstream CD40-CD40L signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenghui Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Jianning Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, P.R. China
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Deng J, Zhang BZ, Chu H, Wang XL, Wang Y, Gong HR, Li R, Yang D, Li C, Dou Y, Gao P, Cai JP, Jin M, Du Q, Chan JFW, Kao RYT, Yuen KY, Huang JD. Adenosine synthase A contributes to recurrent Staphylococcus aureus infection by dampening protective immunity. EBioMedicine 2021; 70:103505. [PMID: 34332295 PMCID: PMC8340124 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a common human pathogen capable of causing diverse illnesses with possible recurrent infections. Although recent studies have highlighted the role of cellular immunity in recurrent infections, the mechanism by which S. aureus evades host responses remains largely unexplored. Methods: This study utilizes in vitro and in vivo infection experiments to investigate difference of pro-inflammatory responses and subsequent adaptive immune responses between adsA mutant and WT S. aureus strain infection. Findings: We demonstrated that adenosine synthase A (AdsA), a potent S. aureus virulence factor, can alter Th17 responses by interfering with NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated IL-1β production. Specifically, S. aureus virulence factor AdsA dampens Th1/Th17 immunity by limiting the release of IL-1β and other Th polarizing cytokines. In particular, AdsA obstructs the release of IL-1β via the adenosine/A2aR/NLRP3 axis. Using a murine infection model, pharmacological inhibition of A2a receptor enhanced S. aureus-specific Th17 responses, whereas inhibition of NLRP3 and caspase-1 downregulated these responses. Our results showed that AdsA contributes to recurrent S. aureus infection by restraining protective Th1/Th17 responses. Interpretation: Our study provides important mechanistic insights for therapeutic and vaccination strategies against S. aureus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Deng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bao-Zhong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hin Chu
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yixin Wang
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hua-Rui Gong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Renhao Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dong Yang
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cun Li
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ying Dou
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jian-Piao Cai
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Meilin Jin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qian Du
- The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Kwok-Yung Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jian-Dong Huang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Ye C, Huang Q, Jiang J, Li G, Xu D, Zeng Z, Peng L, Peng Y, Fang R. ATP-dependent activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in primary murine macrophages infected by pseudorabies virus. Vet Microbiol 2021; 259:109130. [PMID: 34052623 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Pseudorabies virus (PRV), an alphaherpesvirus, causes respiratory and reproductive diseases in pigs and severe nervous symptom in other susceptible hosts. Previous studies showed that PRV infection induced a systemic inflammatory response in mice, indicating that pro-inflammatory cytokines participated in viral neuropathy in mice. The pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β is a key mediator of the inflammatory response and plays an important role in host-response to pathogens. However, the secretion of IL-1β and its relationship with inflammasome activation during PRV infection remains poorly understood. In this study, we found that PRV infection caused significant secretion of several pro-inflammatory cytokines in macrophages and promoted IL-1β secretion in an ATP-dependent manner. Furthermore, the expression of IL-1β can be induced by only PRV infection and depended on NF-κB pathway activation, while the subsequent secretion of IL-1β was mediated by ATP-induced P2 × 7R activation, loss of intracellular K+, and the subsequent NLRP3 inflammasome activation. By using a mouse infection model, we also found that ATP exacerbated clinical signs and death of mice infected by PRV in a NLRP3-dependent manner. These results indicate that ATP facilitates activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and enhances the pathogenicity of PRV in mice during its acute infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ye
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Immunology Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 402460, China
| | - Qingyuan Huang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jiali Jiang
- Chongqing Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Chongqing, 401120, China
| | - Gang Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Dongyi Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zheng Zeng
- Chongqing Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Chongqing, 401120, China
| | - Lianci Peng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yuanyi Peng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Rendong Fang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Immunology Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 402460, China.
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Adenosine and ATPγS protect against bacterial pneumonia-induced acute lung injury. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18078. [PMID: 33093565 PMCID: PMC7581771 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75224-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, disrupts the alveolar-capillary barrier, triggering pulmonary vascular leak thus inducing acute lung injury (ALI). Extracellular purines, adenosine and ATP, protected against ALI induced by purified LPS. In this study, we investigated whether these purines can impact vascular injury in more clinically-relevant E.coli (non-sterile LPS) murine ALI model. Mice were inoculated with live E. coli intratracheally (i.t.) with or without adenosine or a non-hydrolyzable ATP analog, adenosine 5'-(γ-thio)-triphosphate (ATPγS) added intravenously (i.v.). After 24 h of E. coli treatment, we found that injections of either adenosine or ATPγS 15 min prior or adenosine 3 h after E.coli insult significantly attenuated the E.coli-mediated increase in inflammatory responses. Furthermore, adenosine prevented weight loss, tachycardia, and compromised lung function in E. coli-exposed mice. Accordingly, treatment with adenosine or ATPγS increased oxygen saturation and reduced histopathological signs of lung injury in mice exposed to E. coli. Lastly, lung-targeting gene delivery of adenosine or ATPγS downstream effector, myosin phosphatase, significantly attenuated the E. coli-induced compromise of lung function. Collectively, our study has demonstrated that adenosine or ATPγS mitigates E. coli-induced ALI in mice and may be useful as an adjuvant therapy in future pre-clinical studies.
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Alves VS, Leite-Aguiar R, Silva JPD, Coutinho-Silva R, Savio LEB. Purinergic signaling in infectious diseases of the central nervous system. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 89:480-490. [PMID: 32717399 PMCID: PMC7378483 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of infectious diseases affecting the central nervous system (CNS) has been increasing over the last several years. Among the reasons for the expansion of these diseases and the appearance of new neuropathogens are globalization, global warming, and the increased proximity between humans and wild animals due to human activities such as deforestation. Neurotropism affecting normal brain function is shared by organisms such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Neuroinfections caused by these agents activate immune responses, inducing neuroinflammation, excitotoxicity, and neurodegeneration. Purinergic signaling is an evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway associated with these neuropathologies. During neuroinfections, host cells release ATP as an extracellular danger signal with pro-inflammatory activities. ATP is metabolized to its derivatives by ectonucleotidases such as CD39 and CD73; ATP and its metabolites modulate neuronal and immune mechanisms through P1 and P2 purinergic receptors that are involved in pathophysiological mechanisms of neuroinfections. In this review we discuss the beneficial or deleterious effects of various components of the purinergic signaling pathway in infectious diseases that affect the CNS, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection, herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection, bacterial meningitis, sepsis, cryptococcosis, toxoplasmosis, and malaria. We also provide a description of this signaling pathway in emerging viral infections with neurological implications such as Zika and SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius Santos Alves
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Raíssa Leite-Aguiar
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Joyce Pereira da Silva
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Robson Coutinho-Silva
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eduardo Baggio Savio
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Therapeutic Potential of Cathelicidin Peptide LL-37, an Antimicrobial Agent, in a Murine Sepsis Model. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21175973. [PMID: 32825174 PMCID: PMC7503894 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21175973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the mechanisms put-up by the host to defend against invading microorganisms, antimicrobial peptides represent the first line. In different species of mammals, the cathelicidin family of antimicrobial peptides AMPs has been identified, and in humans, LL-37 is the only type of cathelicidin identified. LL-37 has many different biological activities, such as regulation of responses to inflammation, besides its lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-neutralizing and antimicrobial and activities. Recently, employing a murine septic model that involves cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), we examined the effect of LL-37. The results indicated that LL-37 exhibits multiple protective actions on septic mice; firstly, the survival of CLP mice was found to be improved by LL-37 by the suppression of the macrophage pyroptosis that induces the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as IL-1β) and augments inflammatory reactions in sepsis; secondly, the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which have potent bactericidal activity, is enhanced by LL-37, and protects mice from CLP-induced sepsis; thirdly, LL-37 stimulates neutrophils to release antimicrobial microvesicles (ectosomes), which improve the pathological condition of sepsis. These findings indicate that LL-37 protects CLP septic mice through at least three mechanisms, i.e., the suppression of pro-inflammatory macrophage pyroptosis and the release of antimicrobial NETs (induction of NETosis) and ectosomes from neutrophils. Thus, LL-37 can be a potential therapeutic candidate for sepsis due to its multiple properties, including the modulation of cell death (pyroptosis and NETosis) and the release of antimicrobial NETs and ectosomes as well as its own bactericidal and LPS-neutralizing activities.
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Zumerle S, Calì B, Munari F, Angioni R, Di Virgilio F, Molon B, Viola A. Intercellular Calcium Signaling Induced by ATP Potentiates Macrophage Phagocytosis. Cell Rep 2020; 27:1-10.e4. [PMID: 30943393 PMCID: PMC6449513 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular ATP is a signaling molecule exploited by the immune cells for both autocrine regulation and paracrine communication. By performing live calcium imaging experiments, we show that triggered mouse macrophages are able to propagate calcium signals to resting bystander cells by releasing ATP. ATP-based intercellular communication is mediated by P2X4 and P2X7 receptors and is a feature of pro-inflammatory macrophages. In terms of functional significance, ATP signaling is required for efficient phagocytosis of pathogen-derived molecules and apoptotic cells and may represent a target for macrophage regulation by CD39-expressing cells. These results highlight a cell-to-cell communication mechanism tuning innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Zumerle
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy.
| | - Bianca Calì
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | - Fabio Munari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | - Roberta Angioni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Virgilio
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Barbara Molon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Antonella Viola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
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Altered Energy Metabolism During Early Optic Nerve Crush Injury: Implications of Warburg-Like Aerobic Glycolysis in Facilitating Retinal Ganglion Cell Survival. Neurosci Bull 2020; 36:761-777. [PMID: 32277382 PMCID: PMC7340706 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-020-00490-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurons, especially axons, are metabolically demanding and energetically vulnerable during injury. However, the exact energy budget alterations that occur early after axon injury and the effects of these changes on neuronal survival remain unknown. Using a classic mouse model of optic nerve-crush injury, we found that traumatized optic nerves and retinas harbor the potential to mobilize two primary energetic machineries, glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, to satisfy the robustly increased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) demand. Further exploration of metabolic activation showed that mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation was amplified over other pathways, which may lead to decreased retinal ganglion cell (RGC) survival despite its supplement to ATP production. Gene set enrichment analysis of a microarray (GSE32309) identified significant activation of oxidative phosphorylation in injured retinas from wild-type mice compared to those from mice with deletion of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), while PTEN-/- mice had more robust RGC survival. Therefore, we speculated that the oxidation-favoring metabolic pattern after optic nerve-crush injury could be adverse for RGC survival. After redirecting metabolic flux toward glycolysis (magnifying the Warburg effect) using the drug meclizine, we successfully increased RGC survival. Thus, we provide novel insights into a potential bioenergetics-based strategy for neuroprotection.
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Involvement of the phosphoryl transfer network on cardiac energetic metabolism during Staphylococcus aureus infection and its association to disease pathophysiology. Microb Pathog 2018; 126:318-322. [PMID: 30439401 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Evidences have suggested that the phosphoryl transfer network by the enzymatic activities of creatine kinase (CK), adenylate kinase (AK), pyruvate kinase (PK), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), shows new perspectives to understand some disturbances in the energy metabolism during bacterial infections. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether Staphylococcus aureus infection in mice could alter serum and cardiac activities of these enzymes and their association to disease pathophysiology. For that, we measured total leukocytes, lymphocytes and neutrophils (just 48 h of infection) that were lower in infected animals after 48 and 72 h in infected mice compared with negative control, while total protein and globulin plasma levels were higher after 72 h of infection. The serum CK activity was higher in infected animals 48 and 72 h post-infection compared to the control group, as well as observed for mitochondrial cardiac CK activity. The serum PK activity was higher in infected animals after 72 h of infection compared to the control group, and lower in the cardiac tissue. The cardiac AK activity was lower in infected animals 48 h and 72 h post-infection compared to the control group, while serum and cardiac LDH activities were higher. Based on these evidences, it is possible to conclude that the stimulation of CK activity exerts a key role as an attempt to maintain the bioenergetic homeostasis by the production of phosphocreatine to avoid a rapid fall on the concentrations of total adenosine triphosphate. In summary, the phosphoryl transfer network can be considered a pathway involved in the improvement on tissue and cellular energy homeostasis of S. aureus-infected mice.
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Zhang M, Gao CE, Chen WL, Tang YY, Nie JY, Shen LD, Ma X, Chen DD. Opposite response to hypoxia by breast cancer cells between cell proliferation and cell migration: A clue from microRNA expression profile. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:2771-2780. [PMID: 29435003 PMCID: PMC5778814 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of tumors possess the features of hypoxia. It is generally accepted that hypoxia is a negative prognostic factor for cancer. Low levels of oxygen are able to modify basic cell metabolism status. Elucidating the basic response, including cell proliferation and migration, to hypoxia by cancer cells is important for understanding the role of hypoxia in the development of cancer. In the present study, CoCl2 stimulation was used to simulate hypoxia. A microRNA (miRNA/miR) array was used to systematically detect the changes in miRNA expression profiles. Following treatment with CoCl2 for 12 h, 15 miRNAs were markedly upregulated and 10 miRNAs were markedly decreased compared with the control. After 24 h CoCl2 incubation, 15 miRNAs were increased and 3 miRNAs were decreased compared with the control. Among them, 7 miRNAs were upregulated and 2 miRNAs were downregulated at 12 and 24 h following CoCl2 stimulation. The potential roles of these miRNA were reviewed and it was identified that the majority of them are associated with cell proliferation and migration. Additional experiments demonstrated that CoCl2 incubation inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cells but promoted cell migration. miR-491 may be a key miRNA for hypoxia-inhibited cell proliferation, as it was identified that hypoxia induced the downregulation of B-cell lymphoma-extra large in a miR-491-dependent manner. As the target of miR-302a, CXCR4 may be a key protein for hypoxia-promoted cell migration. In the present study, it was identified that in the early stage of hypoxia, cell proliferation was inhibited but cell migration was promoted. These results support the hypothesis that hypoxia may be a driving force for tumor cell escape from the primary tumor site to other organs, or other sites of the same organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan 650118, P.R. China
| | - Chang-E Gao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Lin Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan 650118, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Yin Tang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan 650118, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Yun Nie
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan 650118, P.R. China
| | - Li-Da Shen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan 650118, P.R. China
| | - De-Dian Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan 650118, P.R. China
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16
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Xiang Y, Zhao MM, Sun S, Guo XL, Wang Q, Li SA, Lee WH, Zhang Y. A high concentration of DMSO activates caspase-1 by increasing the cell membrane permeability of potassium. Cytotechnology 2017; 70:313-320. [PMID: 28965287 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-017-0145-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is widely used in the laboratory and in clinical situations because it is soluble in both aqueous and organic media and can be used to treat many types of diseases. Thus, it is meaningful to assess the comprehensive and in-depth biological activities of DMSO. Here, we showed that a high concentration of DMSO induced pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β) secretion from the monocytic cell line THP-1. DMSO-induced IL-1β secretion was dependent on intracellular caspase-1 activation. Further study revealed that the activation of caspase-1 by DMSO relied on NLRP3 inflammasome formation. It is generally accepted that the NLRP3 inflammasome is activated by reactive oxygen species generation or potassium efflux; however, the common NLRP3 inflammasome trigger remains controversial. Here, we showed that although DMSO is a ROS scavenger, this chemical increases membrane permeability and potassium efflux, and the formation of the NLRP3 inflammasome reflects the increased membrane permeability and potassium efflux induced by DMSO. The present study reveals a new characteristic of DMSO, which should be considered when using this chemical in either the laboratory or the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiang
- Human Aging Research Institute and School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China. .,Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China.
| | - Ming-Ming Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Sujiao Sun
- Medical Cosmetology Teaching and Research Section, Dali University School of Clinical Medicine, Jiashibo Road 32, Dali, Yunnan Province, 671000, China
| | - Xiao-Long Guo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
| | - Qiquan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Sheng-An Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
| | - Wen-Hui Lee
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China.
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17
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Barberà-Cremades M, Gómez AI, Baroja-Mazo A, Martínez-Alarcón L, Martínez CM, de Torre-Minguela C, Pelegrín P. P2X7 Receptor Induces Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Converting Enzyme Activation and Release to Boost TNF-α Production. Front Immunol 2017; 8:862. [PMID: 28791020 PMCID: PMC5523084 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α is a major pro-inflammatory cytokine produced in response to toll-like receptor stimulation. TNF-α release is controlled by the activity of TNF-α converting enzyme (TACE) that cut membrane-bound TNF-α to shed its ectodomain as a soluble cytokine. The purinergic receptor P2X ligand-gated ion channel 7 (P2X7) is activated in response to elevated concentrations of extracellular ATP and induces different pro-inflammatory pathways in macrophages to establish an inflammatory response. P2X7 receptor promotes the activation of the inflammasome and the release of interleukin-1β, the production of inflammatory lipids, and the generation of reactive oxygen species. In this study, we analyzed the mechanism of P2X7 receptor responsible of TNF-α release after priming macrophages with LPS doses ≤100 ng/ml. We found that P2X7 receptor increases the extracellular activity of TACE through the release of the mature form of TACE in exosomes. This effect was blocked using P2X7 receptor inhibitors or in macrophages obtained from P2X7 receptor-deficient mice. Elevation of intracellular Ca2+ and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase after P2X7 receptor activation were involved in the release of TACE, which was able to process TNF-α on nearby expressing cells. Finally, we observed an increase of TNF-α in the peritoneal lavage of mice treated with LPS and ATP. In conclusion, P2X7 receptor induces the release of TACE in exosomes to the extracellular compartment that could amplify the pro-inflammatory signal associated to this receptor. These results are important for the development of therapeutics targeting P2X7 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Barberà-Cremades
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana I Gómez
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Alberto Baroja-Mazo
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Laura Martínez-Alarcón
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Carlos M Martínez
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Carlos de Torre-Minguela
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pablo Pelegrín
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
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18
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Hoseini Z, Sepahvand F, Rashidi B, Sahebkar A, Masoudifar A, Mirzaei H. NLRP3 inflammasome: Its regulation and involvement in atherosclerosis. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:2116-2132. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Hoseini
- Faculty of Medicine, Students Research Center; Isfahan University of Medical Sciences; Isfahan Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sepahvand
- Faculty of Medicine, Students Research Center; Isfahan University of Medical Sciences; Isfahan Iran
| | - Bahman Rashidi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine; Isfahan University of Medical Sciences; Isfahan Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Aria Masoudifar
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center; Royan Institute for Biotechnology; ACECR; Isfahan Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
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Shen Z, Zhou Y, Qu L, Lei H. ATP serves an anti-inflammatory role by enhancing β-defensin-2 response in acute pneumonia of rat. Biomed Rep 2017; 6:649-653. [PMID: 28584636 PMCID: PMC5449963 DOI: 10.3892/br.2017.906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of ATP on the expression of rat β-defensin-2 (rBD-2) in a time-dependent manner, as well as its therapeutic value in an acute pneumonia rat model. A total of 30 rats as a treatment group and 30 as a control group were treated with the same dose of ATP and normal saline, respectively, lung tissues were isolated from rat and expression of rBD-2 mRNA was assessed with reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) at 12, 24 and 36 h following treatment. Rats were divided into five groups: The control group treated with normal saline, the Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) infected group, group treated with ATP, group treated with cephalosporins, and the group treated with both ATP and cephalosporins. At 24 h following treatment, rat serum and lung tissues were collected for assessment of histological changes, and alterations to expression of the rBD-2 protein by immunohistochemistry, expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 proteins by ELISA. RT-qPCR results indicated that the expression of rBD-2 mRNA was upregulated in response to ATP stimulation in lung tissues of rat, reaching its highest peak at 24 h. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that ATP treatment enhanced the expression of rBD-2 protein in rat lungs. Ceftazidime and ATP protected lungs from infection of PA and reduced the pathological damage of the lung. Overexpression of rBD-2 by ATP led to decreased protein expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in lung tissues and serum. ATP upregulates the expression of rBD-2 and serves an anti-inflammatory role in the acute pneumonia of a rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei Shen
- Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai International Medical Center, Shanghai 201318, P.R. China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese Traditional Medical Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, P.R. China
| | - Le Qu
- Department of Cadre, Chinese Traditional Medical Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, P.R. China
| | - Han Lei
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
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Recent Progress in Research on the Pathogenesis of Pulmonary Thromboembolism: An Old Story with New Perspectives. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:6516791. [PMID: 28484717 PMCID: PMC5397627 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6516791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is part of a larger clinicopathological entity, venous thromboembolism. It is also a complex, multifactorial disorder divided into four major disease processes including venous thrombosis, thrombus in transit, acute pulmonary embolism, and pulmonary circulation reconstruction. Even when treated, some patients develop chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. PTE is also a common fatal type of pulmonary vascular disease worldwide, but earlier studies primarily focused on the pathological changes in the blood component of the disease. With contemporary advances in molecular and cellular biology, people are becoming increasingly aware of coagulation pathways, the function of vascular smooth muscle cells, microparticles, and the inflammatory pathways that play key roles in PTE. Combined hypoxia and immune research has revealed that PTE should be regarded as a class of complex diseases caused by multiple factors involving the vascular microenvironment and vascular cell dysfunction.
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21
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Role of purinergic signaling in experimental pneumococcal meningitis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44625. [PMID: 28300164 PMCID: PMC5353597 DOI: 10.1038/srep44625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive neutrophilic inflammation contributes to brain pathology and adverse outcome in pneumococcal meningitis (PM). Recently, we identified the NLRP3 inflammasome/interleukin (IL)-1β pathway as a key driver of inflammation in PM. A critical membrane receptor for NLRP3 inflammasome activation is the ATP-activated P2 purinoceptor (P2R) P2X7. Thus, we hypothesized involvement of ATP and P2Rs in PM. The functional role of ATP was investigated in a mouse meningitis model using P2R antagonists. Brain expression of P2Rs was assessed by RT-PCR. ATP levels were determined in murine CSF and cell culture experiments. Treatment with the P2R antagonists suramin or brilliant blue G did not have any impact on disease course. This lack of effect might be attributed to meningitis-associated down-regulation of brain P2R expression and/or a drop of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ATP, as demonstrated by RT-PCR and ATP analyses. Supplemental cell culture experiments suggest that the reduction in CSF ATP is, at least partly, due to ATP hydrolysis by ectonucleotidases of neutrophils and macrophages. In conclusion, this study suggests that ATP-P2R signaling is only of minor or even no significance in PM. This may be explained by down-regulation of P2R expression and decreased CSF ATP levels.
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22
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Bording-Jorgensen M, Alipour M, Danesh G, Wine E. Inflammasome Activation by ATP Enhances Citrobacter rodentium Clearance through ROS Generation. Cell Physiol Biochem 2017; 41:193-204. [PMID: 28132060 DOI: 10.1159/000455988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nod-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) is an important cytosolic sensor of cellular stress and infection. Once activated, NLRP3 forms a multiprotein complex (inflammasome) that triggers the maturation and secretion of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. We aimed to define the consequences of NLRP3 induction, utilizing exogenous adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as an inflammasome activator, to determine if inflammasome activation increases macrophage killing of Citrobacter rodentium and define mechanisms. METHODS Bacterial survival was measured using a gentamicin protection assay. Inflammasome activation or inhibition in mouse J774A.1 macrophages were assessed by measuring IL-1β; cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured by ELISA and DCFDA, respectively. RESULTS Activation of the inflammasome increased bacterial killing by macrophages and its inhibition attenuated this effect with no impact on phagocytosis or cell death. Furthermore, inflammasome activation suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokines during infection, possibly due to more effective bacterial killing. While the infection increased ROS production, this effect was reduced by inflammasome inhibitors, indicating that ROS is inflammasome-dependent. ROS inhibitors increased bacterial survival in the presence of ATP, suggesting that inflammasome-induced bacterial killing is mediated, at least in part, by ROS activity. CONCLUSION Improving inflammasome activity during infection may increase bacterial clearance by macrophages and reduce subsequent microbe-induced inflammation.
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Zhong YH, Cheng HZ, Peng H, Tang SC, Wang P. Heat shock factor 2 is associated with the occurrence of lung cancer by enhancing the expression of heat shock proteins. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:5106-5112. [PMID: 28101237 PMCID: PMC5228092 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly lung cancer. Heat shock proteins and their upstream heat shock factors are involved in the occurrence of cancer and have been widely researched. However, the role of heat shock factor 2 (HSF2) in lung cancer remains unclear. In the present study, expression levels of HSF2 in lung cancer tissues from 50 lung cancer patients were detected by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and 76% (38/50) were upregulated compared with the matched normal tissues. This suggested possible involvement of HSF2 in lung cancer. To additionally investigate the role of HSF2 in lung cancer occurrence, a plasmid encoding HSF2 was constructed. HSF2 was over expressed in normal lung epithelial BEAS-2B cells and lung cancer A549 cells. The results showed that HSF2 overexpression promoted cell proliferation and cell migration in BEAS-2B and A549 cells. Additional experiments showed that the HSF2-induced cell proliferation and cell migration were dependent on induction of HSPs, particularly HSP27 and HSP90, as co-transfection of HSP27 small interfering RNA (siRNA) or HSP90 siRNA attenuated HSF2-induced cell growth and migration. In conclusion, the present study showed that HSF2 is aberrantly expressed in lung cancer, and it may be an upstream regulator of HSPs, which may strongly affect cell growth and cell migration. Additional studies are required to explain the detailed mechanism between lung cancer, HSF2, HSPs and other possible signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Hua Zhong
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China; Cadres Treatment Section, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan 510032, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Zhong Cheng
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China; Thoracic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan 510032, P.R. China
| | - Hao Peng
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China; Thoracic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan 510032, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Cong Tang
- Cadres Health Care, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Ping Wang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China; Thoracic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan 510032, P.R. China
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24
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Fu S, Xu L, Li S, Qiu Y, Liu Y, Wu Z, Ye C, Hou Y, Hu CAA. Baicalin suppresses NLRP3 inflammasome and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling during Haemophilus parasuis infection. Vet Res 2016; 47:80. [PMID: 27502767 PMCID: PMC4977663 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-016-0359-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Haemophilus parasuis (H. parasuis) is the causative agent of Glässer’s disease, a severe membrane inflammation disorder. Previously we showed that Baicalin (BA) possesses anti-inflammatory effects via the NLRP3 inflammatory pathway in an LPS-challenged piglet model. However, whether BA has anti-inflammatory effects upon H. parasuis infection is still unclear. This study investigated the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of BA on H. parasuis-induced inflammatory responses via the NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in piglet mononuclear phagocytes (PMNP). Our data demonstrate that PMNP, when infected with H. parasuis, induced ROS (reactive oxygen species) production, promoted apoptosis, and initiated transcription expression of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, PGE2, COX-2 and TNF-α via the NF-κB signaling pathway, and IL-1β and IL-18 via the NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway. Moreover, when BA was administrated, we observed a reduction in ROS production, suppression of apoptosis, and inhibition of the activation of NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway in PMNP treated with H. parasuis. To our best knowledge, this is the first example that uses piglet primary immune cells for an H. parasuis infection study. Our data strongly suggest that BA can reverse the inflammatory effect initiated by H. parasuis and possesses significant immunosuppression activity, which represents a promising therapeutic agent in the treatment of H. parasuis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulin Fu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan, 430023, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, People's Republic of China
| | - Sali Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinsheng Qiu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, People's Republic of China. .,Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan, 430023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan, 430023, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongyuan Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan, 430023, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Ye
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan, 430023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongqing Hou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan, 430023, People's Republic of China
| | - Chien-An Andy Hu
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
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25
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Lakshmikanth CL, Jacob SP, Chaithra VH, de Castro-Faria-Neto HC, Marathe GK. Sepsis: in search of cure. Inflamm Res 2016; 65:587-602. [PMID: 26995266 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-016-0937-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sepsis is a complex inflammatory disorder believed to originate from an infection by any types of microbes and/or their products. It is the leading cause of death in intensive care units (ICUs) throughout the globe. The mortality rates depend both on the severity of infection and the host's response to infection. METHODS Literature survey on pathobiology of sepsis in general and failure of more than hundred clinical trials conducted so far in search of a possible cure for sepsis resulted in the preparation of this manuscript. FINDINGS Sepsis lacks a suitable animal model that mimics human sepsis. However, based on the results obtained in animal models of sepsis, clinical trials conducted so far have been disappointing. Although involvement of multiple mediators and pathways in sepsis has been recognized, only few components are being targeted and this could be the major reason behind the failure of clinical trials. CONCLUSION Inability to recognize a single critical mediator of sepsis may be the underlying cause for the poor therapeutic intervention of sepsis. Therefore, sepsis is still considered as a disease-in search of cure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shancy Petsel Jacob
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangothri, Mysore, 570 006, India
| | | | | | - Gopal Kedihithlu Marathe
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangothri, Mysore, 570 006, India.
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26
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Hu Z, Murakami T, Suzuki K, Tamura H, Reich J, Kuwahara-Arai K, Iba T, Nagaoka I. Antimicrobial cathelicidin peptide LL-37 inhibits the pyroptosis of macrophages and improves the survival of polybacterial septic mice. Int Immunol 2016; 28:245-53. [PMID: 26746575 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxv113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
LL-37 is the only known member of the cathelicidin family of antimicrobial peptides in humans. In addition to its broad spectrum of antimicrobial activities, LL-37 can modulate various inflammatory reactions. We previously revealed that LL-37 suppresses the LPS/ATP-induced pyroptosis of macrophages in vitro by both neutralizing the action of LPS and inhibiting the response of P2X7 (a nucleotide receptor) to ATP. Thus, in this study, we further evaluated the effect of LL-37 on pyroptosis in vivo using a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) sepsis model. As a result, the intravenous administration of LL-37 improved the survival of the CLP septic mice. Interestingly, LL-37 inhibited the CLP-induced caspase-1 activation and pyroptosis of peritoneal macrophages. Moreover, LL-37 modulated the levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) in both peritoneal fluids and sera, and suppressed the activation of peritoneal macrophages (as evidenced by the increase in the intracellular levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α). Finally, LL-37 reduced the bacterial burdens in both peritoneal fluids and blood samples. Together, these observations suggest that LL-37 improves the survival of CLP septic mice by possibly suppressing the pyroptosis of macrophages, and inflammatory cytokine production by activated macrophages and bacterial growth. Thus, the present findings imply that LL-37 can be a promising candidate for sepsis because of its many functions, such as the inhibition of pyroptosis, modulation of inflammatory cytokine production and antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongshuang Hu
- Department of Host Defense and Biochemical Research, Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Taisuke Murakami
- Department of Host Defense and Biochemical Research, Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kaori Suzuki
- Department of Host Defense and Biochemical Research, Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tamura
- Department of Host Defense and Biochemical Research, Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan Laboratory Program Support (LPS) Consulting Office, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Johannes Reich
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kyoko Kuwahara-Arai
- Department of Bacteriology, Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Iba
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Isao Nagaoka
- Department of Host Defense and Biochemical Research, Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
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27
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Burnstock G. P2X ion channel receptors and inflammation. Purinergic Signal 2016; 12:59-67. [PMID: 26739702 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-015-9493-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation limits tissue damage in response to pathogens or injury and promotes repair. There are two stages of inflammation, initiation and resolution. P2X receptors are gaining attention in relation to immunology and inflammation. The P2X7 receptor in particular appears to be an essential immunomodulatory receptor, although P2X1 and P2X4 receptors also appear to be involved. ATP released from damaged or infected cells causes inflammation by release of inflammatory cytokines via P2X7 receptors and acts as a danger signal by occupying upregulated P2X receptors on immune cells to increase immune responses. The purinergic involvement in inflammation is being explored for the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Burnstock
- Autonomic Neuroscience Centre, University College Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, UK. .,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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28
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HU ZHONGSHUANG, NAGAOKA ISAO. Modulation of Macrophage Cell Death, Pyroptosis by Host Defense Peptide LL-37. JUNTENDO IJI ZASSHI 2016. [DOI: 10.14789/jmj.62.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- ZHONGSHUANG HU
- Department of Host Defense and Biochemical Research, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - ISAO NAGAOKA
- Department of Host Defense and Biochemical Research, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
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29
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Sandanger Ø, Gao E, Ranheim T, Bliksøen M, Kaasbøll OJ, Alfsnes K, Nymo SH, Rashidi A, Ohm IK, Attramadal H, Aukrust P, Vinge LE, Yndestad A. NLRP3 inflammasome activation during myocardial ischemia reperfusion is cardioprotective. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 469:1012-20. [PMID: 26706279 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The innate immune receptor NLRP3 recognizes tissue damage and initiates inflammatory processes through formation multiprotein complexes with the adaptor protein ASC and caspase-1, i.e. NLRP3 inflammasomes, which through cleavage of pro-IL-1β mediates release of bioactive IL-1β. We hypothesized that NLRP3 mediates tissue damage during acute myocardial infarction (MI) and sought to investigate the mechanisms herein in an experimental MI model in mice. METHODS AND RESULTS The left coronary artery (LCA) of WT, NLRP3(-/-) and ASC(-/-) mice of both genders was ligated for 30 min followed by 3 or 24 h reperfusion. For pre-conditioning studies, the TLR2 agonist Pam3CSK4 or PBS was injected intraperitoneally 60 min prior to LCA ligation. For mechanistic investigations, blood plasmas and left ventricle tissues were collected, and a hypothesis-driven selection of protein or mRNA targets was investigated. Surprisingly, hearts from NLRP3-deficient mice featured larger infarct size than WT mice (p = 0.0048). In general, there were only modest changes with no significant pattern in myocardial infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages and systemic and myocardial cytokine expression between the three genotypes. Preconditioning with the TLR2 agonist Pam3CSK4 induced Akt phosphorylation and reduced infarct size in WT but not NLRP3 -or ASC -deficient hearts. CONCLUSION Absence of NLRP3 results in increased myocardial infarct size after in vivo ischemia reperfusion, seemingly due to dysfunction of the cardioprotective RISK pathway. Our data imply that NLRP3 contributes to cardio-protection during I/R and do not support a role for NLRP3 or ASC inhibition in the management of acute MI including revascularization therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ø Sandanger
- Research institute for internal medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Centre for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; K.G.Jebsen Inflammation Research Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - E Gao
- Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, United States
| | - T Ranheim
- Research institute for internal medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Centre for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; K.G.Jebsen Inflammation Research Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - M Bliksøen
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - O J Kaasbøll
- Centre for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Institute for Surgical Research, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - K Alfsnes
- Research institute for internal medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Centre for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; K.G.Jebsen Inflammation Research Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ståle H Nymo
- Research institute for internal medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Centre for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; K.G.Jebsen Inflammation Research Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - A Rashidi
- Research institute for internal medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; K.G.Jebsen Inflammation Research Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - I K Ohm
- Research institute for internal medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Centre for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - P Aukrust
- Research institute for internal medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; K.G.Jebsen Inflammation Research Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - L E Vinge
- Research institute for internal medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Centre for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - A Yndestad
- Research institute for internal medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Centre for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; K.G.Jebsen Inflammation Research Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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30
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Wegiel B, Hauser CJ, Otterbein LE. Heme as a danger molecule in pathogen recognition. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 89:651-61. [PMID: 26456060 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Appropriate control of redox mechanisms are critical for and effective innate immune response, which employs multiple cell types, receptors and molecules that recognize danger signals when they reach the host. Recognition of pathogen-associated pattern molecules (PAMPs) is a fundamental host survival mechanism for efficient elimination of invading pathogens and resolution of the infection and inflammation. In addition to PAMPs, eukaryotic cells contain a plethora of intracellular molecules that are normally secured within the confines of the plasma membrane, but if liberated and encountered in the extracellular milieu can provoke rapid cell activation. These are known as Alarmins or Danger-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs) and can be released actively by cells or passively as a result of sterile cellular injury after trauma, ischemia, or toxin-induced cell rupture. Both PAMPs and DAMPs are recognized by a series of cognate receptors that increase the generation of free radicals and activate specific signaling pathways that result in regulation of a variety of stress response, redox sensitive genes. Multiple mediators released, as cells die include, but are not limited to ATP, hydrogen peroxide, heme, formyl peptides, DNA or mitochondria provide the second signal to amplify immune responses. In this review, we will focus on how sterile and infective stimuli activate the stress response gene heme oxygenase-1 (Hmox1, HO-1), a master gene critical to an appropriate host response that is now recognized as one with enormous therapeutic potential. HO-1 gene expression is regulated in large part by redox-sensitive proteins including but not limited to nrf2. Both PAMPs and DAMPs increase the activation of nrf2 and HO-1. Heme is a powerful pro-oxidant and as such should be qualified as a DAMP. With its degradation by HO-1a molecule of carbon monoxide (CO) is generated that in turn serves as a bioactive signaling molecule. PAMPs such as bacterial endotoxin activate HO-1, and the CO that is generated diffuses into the extracellular milieu where it interacts with bacteria, altering their behavior to increase production of ATP, which then functions as a second signal danger molecule. This two-hit cycle scenario results in efficient and effective activation of host leukocytes to attack and clear bacteria in part via enhanced reactive oxygen species generation. We discuss this intimate communication that occurs between host and bacteria and how these molecules serve as critical regulators of the acute inflammatory response, the overall redox status of the cell, and survival of the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Wegiel
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Carl J Hauser
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Leo E Otterbein
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215.
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31
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Extracellular adenosine generation in the regulation of pro-inflammatory responses and pathogen colonization. Biomolecules 2015; 5:775-92. [PMID: 25950510 PMCID: PMC4496696 DOI: 10.3390/biom5020775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine, an immunomodulatory biomolecule, is produced by the ecto-enzymes CD39 (nucleoside triphosphate dephosphorylase) and CD73 (ecto-5'-nucleotidase) by dephosphorylation of extracellular ATP. CD73 is expressed by many cell types during injury, infection and during steady-state conditions. Besides host cells, many bacteria also have CD39-CD73-like machinery, which helps the pathogen subvert the host inflammatory response. The major function for adenosine is anti-inflammatory, and most recent research has focused on adenosine's control of inflammatory mechanisms underlying various autoimmune diseases (e.g., colitis, arthritis). Although adenosine generated through CD73 provides a feedback to control tissue damage mediated by a host immune response, it can also contribute to immunosuppression. Thus, inflammation can be a double-edged sword: it may harm the host but eventually helps by killing the invading pathogen. The role of adenosine in dampening inflammation has been an area of active research, but the relevance of the CD39/CD73-axis and adenosine receptor signaling in host defense against infection has received less attention. Here, we review our recent knowledge regarding CD73 expression during murine Salmonellosis and Helicobacter-induced gastric infection and its role in disease pathogenesis and bacterial persistence. We also explored a possible role for the CD73/adenosine pathway in regulating innate host defense function during infection.
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32
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Lei YM, Zu YF, Wang J, Bai S, Shi YF, Shi R, Duan J, Cui D, Chen J, Xiang Y, Dong J. Interleukin-1β-mediated suppression of microRNA-101 and upregulation of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 is involved in particle-induced lung cancer. Med Oncol 2014; 32:387. [PMID: 25428391 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-014-0387-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer may be a result of complex factors. Small mineral particle is the well-known inducer of lung cancer. Previous study revealed the high morbidity of lung cancer in Xuan Wei in China, and the main cause of lung cancer is the use of smoky coal there. And it is generally accepted that chronic inflammation induced by small mineral particle may be a cause of lung cancer. But the relationship between chronic lung inflammation and lung cancer is largely unknown. In the present study, we found that silica particle was able to induce the secretion of interleukin-1β from a Xuan Wei lung cancer cell line, XWLC-05. At the same time, microRNA-101 (mir-101) was found to be downregulated by the treatment of silica particle. Interestingly, the interleukin 1 receptor antagonist and interleukin-1β antibody can reduce silica particle-induced downregulation of mir-101. Twenty-four Xuan Wei lung tumor tissues were collected to detect the expression level of mir-101 and enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), which is the potential target of mir-101. The results showed that mir-101 was down-regulated and EZH2 were upregulated. Subsequently, the roles of mir-101 and EZH2 in tumor growth and progression in vitro were tested. Overexpression of mir-101 mimics was able to suppress the expression of EZH2 in XWLC-05 cells. And this resulted in the inhibited tumor cell growth and attenuated cell migration. The results in the present study showed that particle can induce the secretion of interleukin-1β. Interleukin-1β subsequently induces the downregulation of mir-101, which may result in the upregulated level of EZH2, and occurrence of lung cancer. We for the first time proposed the role interleukin-1β-mir-101-EZH2 axes in the particle-induced lung cancer. Further study may be needed to decipher the detailed mechanism involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Ming Lei
- Department of Vip Surgery Ward and Department of Biotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University of Medical Science, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
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33
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Kepp O, Senovilla L, Vitale I, Vacchelli E, Adjemian S, Agostinis P, Apetoh L, Aranda F, Barnaba V, Bloy N, Bracci L, Breckpot K, Brough D, Buqué A, Castro MG, Cirone M, Colombo MI, Cremer I, Demaria S, Dini L, Eliopoulos AG, Faggioni A, Formenti SC, Fučíková J, Gabriele L, Gaipl US, Galon J, Garg A, Ghiringhelli F, Giese NA, Guo ZS, Hemminki A, Herrmann M, Hodge JW, Holdenrieder S, Honeychurch J, Hu HM, Huang X, Illidge TM, Kono K, Korbelik M, Krysko DV, Loi S, Lowenstein PR, Lugli E, Ma Y, Madeo F, Manfredi AA, Martins I, Mavilio D, Menger L, Merendino N, Michaud M, Mignot G, Mossman KL, Multhoff G, Oehler R, Palombo F, Panaretakis T, Pol J, Proietti E, Ricci JE, Riganti C, Rovere-Querini P, Rubartelli A, Sistigu A, Smyth MJ, Sonnemann J, Spisek R, Stagg J, Sukkurwala AQ, Tartour E, Thorburn A, Thorne SH, Vandenabeele P, Velotti F, Workenhe ST, Yang H, Zong WX, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G, Galluzzi L. Consensus guidelines for the detection of immunogenic cell death. Oncoimmunology 2014; 3:e955691. [PMID: 25941621 PMCID: PMC4292729 DOI: 10.4161/21624011.2014.955691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 610] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptotic cells have long been considered as intrinsically tolerogenic or unable to elicit immune responses specific for dead cell-associated antigens. However, multiple stimuli can trigger a functionally peculiar type of apoptotic demise that does not go unnoticed by the adaptive arm of the immune system, which we named "immunogenic cell death" (ICD). ICD is preceded or accompanied by the emission of a series of immunostimulatory damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) in a precise spatiotemporal configuration. Several anticancer agents that have been successfully employed in the clinic for decades, including various chemotherapeutics and radiotherapy, can elicit ICD. Moreover, defects in the components that underlie the capacity of the immune system to perceive cell death as immunogenic negatively influence disease outcome among cancer patients treated with ICD inducers. Thus, ICD has profound clinical and therapeutic implications. Unfortunately, the gold-standard approach to detect ICD relies on vaccination experiments involving immunocompetent murine models and syngeneic cancer cells, an approach that is incompatible with large screening campaigns. Here, we outline strategies conceived to detect surrogate markers of ICD in vitro and to screen large chemical libraries for putative ICD inducers, based on a high-content, high-throughput platform that we recently developed. Such a platform allows for the detection of multiple DAMPs, like cell surface-exposed calreticulin, extracellular ATP and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), and/or the processes that underlie their emission, such as endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy and necrotic plasma membrane permeabilization. We surmise that this technology will facilitate the development of next-generation anticancer regimens, which kill malignant cells and simultaneously convert them into a cancer-specific therapeutic vaccine.
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Key Words
- APC, antigen-presenting cell
- ATF6, activating transcription factor 6
- ATP release
- BAK1, BCL2-antagonist/killer 1
- BAX, BCL2-associated X protein
- BCL2, B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 protein
- CALR, calreticulin
- CTL, cytotoxic T lymphocyte
- DAMP, damage-associated molecular pattern
- DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole
- DiOC6(3), 3,3′-dihexyloxacarbocyanine iodide
- EIF2A, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A
- ER, endoplasmic reticulum
- FLT3LG, fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand
- G3BP1, GTPase activating protein (SH3 domain) binding protein 1
- GFP, green fluorescent protein
- H2B, histone 2B
- HMGB1
- HMGB1, high mobility group box 1
- HSP, heat shock protein
- HSV-1, herpes simplex virus type I
- ICD, immunogenic cell death
- IFN, interferon
- IL, interleukin
- MOMP, mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization
- PDIA3, protein disulfide isomerase family A
- PI, propidium iodide
- RFP, red fluorescent protein
- TLR, Toll-like receptor
- XBP1, X-box binding protein 1
- autophagy
- calreticulin
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- immunotherapy
- member 3
- Δψm, mitochondrial transmembrane potential
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Kepp
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; Center de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
- INSERM; U1138; Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms; Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus; Villejuif, France
| | - Laura Senovilla
- INSERM; U1138; Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms; Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus; Villejuif, France
- INSERM; U1015; Villejuif, France
| | - Ilio Vitale
- Regina Elena National Cancer Institute; Rome, Italy
| | - Erika Vacchelli
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; Center de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
- INSERM; U1138; Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus; Villejuif, France
| | - Sandy Adjemian
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; Center de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
- INSERM; U1138; Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus; Villejuif, France
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory; Department of Immunology; Institute of Biomedical Sciences; University of São Paulo; São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrizia Agostinis
- Cell Death Research and Therapy (CDRT) Laboratory; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine; University of Leuven; Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lionel Apetoh
- INSERM; UMR866; Dijon, France
- Centre Georges François Leclerc; Dijon, France
- Université de Bourgogne; Dijon, France
| | - Fernando Aranda
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; Center de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
- INSERM; U1138; Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus; Villejuif, France
| | - Vincenzo Barnaba
- Departement of Internal Medicine and Medical Sciences; University of Rome La Sapienza; Rome, Italy
- Istituto Pasteur; Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti; Rome, Italy
| | - Norma Bloy
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; Center de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
- INSERM; U1138; Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus; Villejuif, France
| | - Laura Bracci
- Department of Hematology; Oncology and Molecular Medicine; Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS); Rome, Italy
| | - Karine Breckpot
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy (LMCT); Department of Biomedical Sciences Medical School of the Free University of Brussels (VUB); Jette, Belgium
| | - David Brough
- Faculty of Life Sciences; University of Manchester; Manchester, UK
| | - Aitziber Buqué
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; Center de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
- INSERM; U1138; Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus; Villejuif, France
| | - Maria G. Castro
- Department of Neurosurgery and Cell and Developmental Biology; University of Michigan School of Medicine; Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Mara Cirone
- Department of Experimental Medicine; University of Rome La Sapienza; Rome, Italy
| | - Maria I. Colombo
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular; Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM); Facultad de Ciencias Médicas; Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; CONICET; Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Isabelle Cremer
- INSERM; U1138; Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI; Paris, France
- Equipe 13; Center de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
| | - Sandra Demaria
- Department of Pathology; New York University School of Medicine; New York, NY USA
| | - Luciana Dini
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology (DiSTeBA); University of Salento; Lecce, Italy
| | - Aristides G. Eliopoulos
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory; Division of Basic Sciences; University of Crete Medical School; Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology; Foundation of Research and Technology - Hellas; Heraklion, Greece
| | - Alberto Faggioni
- Department of Experimental Medicine; University of Rome La Sapienza; Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia C. Formenti
- Department of Radiation Oncology; NewYork University School of Medicine and Langone Medical Center; New York, NY USA
| | - Jitka Fučíková
- Department of Immunology; 2 Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Charles University; Prague, Czech Republic
- Sotio; Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucia Gabriele
- Department of Hematology; Oncology and Molecular Medicine; Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS); Rome, Italy
| | - Udo S. Gaipl
- Department of Radiation Oncology; University Hospital Erlangen; University of Erlangen-Nürnberg; Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jérôme Galon
- INSERM; U1138; Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI; Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V; Sorbonne Paris Cité; Paris, France
- Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology; Center de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
| | - Abhishek Garg
- Cell Death Research and Therapy (CDRT) Laboratory; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine; University of Leuven; Leuven, Belgium
| | - François Ghiringhelli
- INSERM; UMR866; Dijon, France
- Centre Georges François Leclerc; Dijon, France
- Université de Bourgogne; Dijon, France
| | - Nathalia A. Giese
- European Pancreas Center; Department of Surgery; University Hospital Heidelberg; Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zong Sheng Guo
- Department of Surgery; University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Akseli Hemminki
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group; Transplantation laboratory; Haartman Institute; University of Helsinki; Helsinki, Finland
| | - Martin Herrmann
- Department of Internal Medicine 3; University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; Erlangen, Germany
| | - James W. Hodge
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology; Center for Cancer Research; National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH); Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Stefan Holdenrieder
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology; University Hospital Bonn; Bonn, Germany
| | - Jamie Honeychurch
- Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Institute of Cancer Studies; Manchester Academic Health Sciences Center; University of Manchester; Manchester, UK
| | - Hong-Min Hu
- Cancer Research and Biotherapy Center; Second Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University; Nanjing, China
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunobiology; Earle A. Chiles Research Institute; Providence Portland Medical Center; Portland, OR USA
| | - Xing Huang
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; Center de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
- INSERM; U1138; Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms; Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus; Villejuif, France
| | - Tim M. Illidge
- Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Institute of Cancer Studies; Manchester Academic Health Sciences Center; University of Manchester; Manchester, UK
| | - Koji Kono
- Department of Surgery; National University of Singapore; Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore; National University of Singapore; Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Dmitri V. Krysko
- VIB Inflammation Research Center; Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology; Ghent University; Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sherene Loi
- Division of Cancer Medicine and Division of Research; Peter MacCallum Cancer Center; East Melbourne; Victoria, Australia
| | - Pedro R. Lowenstein
- Department of Neurosurgery and Cell and Developmental Biology; University of Michigan School of Medicine; Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Enrico Lugli
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center; Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan; Rozzano, Italy
| | - Yuting Ma
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; Center de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
- INSERM; U1138; Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus; Villejuif, France
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences; University of Graz; Graz, Austria
| | - Angelo A. Manfredi
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele; Milano, Italy
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Milano, Italy
| | - Isabelle Martins
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus; Villejuif, France
- INSERM, U1030; Villejuif, France
- Faculté de Médecine; Université Paris-Sud/Paris XI; Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Domenico Mavilio
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center; Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan; Rozzano, Italy
| | - Laurie Menger
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; Center de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
- INSERM; U1138; Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus; Villejuif, France
- Cancer Immunology Unit, Research Department of Haematology; University College London (UCL) Cancer Institute; London, UK
| | - Nicolò Merendino
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (DEB), Tuscia University; Viterbo, Italy
| | - Michael Michaud
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; Center de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
- INSERM; U1138; Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus; Villejuif, France
| | - Gregoire Mignot
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology and Endocrinology, Oniris; Nantes, France
| | - Karen L. Mossman
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine; McMaster Immunology Research Center; Hamilton, Canada
- Institute for Infectious Disease Research; McMaster University; Hamilton, Canada
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Department of Radiation Oncology; Klinikum rechts der Isar; Technical University of Munich; Munich, Germany
| | - Rudolf Oehler
- Comprehensive Cancer Center; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna, Austria
| | - Fabio Palombo
- Departement of Internal Medicine and Medical Sciences; University of Rome La Sapienza; Rome, Italy
- Istituto Pasteur; Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti; Rome, Italy
| | | | - Jonathan Pol
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; Center de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
- INSERM; U1138; Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus; Villejuif, France
| | - Enrico Proietti
- Department of Hematology; Oncology and Molecular Medicine; Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS); Rome, Italy
| | - Jean-Ehrland Ricci
- INSERM; U1065; Nice, France
- Equipe “Contrôle Métabolique des Morts Cellulaires,” Center Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M); Nice, France
- Faculté de Médecine; Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis; Nice, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice; Nice, France
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology and Subalpine Center for Research and Experimental Medicine (CeRMS); University of Turin; Turin, Italy
| | - Patrizia Rovere-Querini
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele; Milano, Italy
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Milano, Italy
| | - Anna Rubartelli
- Cell Biology Unit; Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino; Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro; Genova, Italy
| | | | - Mark J. Smyth
- Immunology in Cancer and Infection Laboratory; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute; Herston, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland; Herston, Australia
| | - Juergen Sonnemann
- Department of Pediatric Haematology and Oncology; Jena University Hospital, Children's Clinic; Jena, Germany
| | - Radek Spisek
- Department of Immunology; 2 Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Charles University; Prague, Czech Republic
- Sotio; Prague, Czech Republic
| | - John Stagg
- Centre de Recherche du Center Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal; Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal; Montréal, Canada
| | - Abdul Qader Sukkurwala
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; Center de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
- INSERM; U1138; Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus; Villejuif, France
- Department of Pathology, Dow International Medical College; Dow University of Health Sciences; Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Eric Tartour
- INSERM; U970; Paris, France
- Pôle de Biologie; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou; AP-HP; Paris, France
| | - Andrew Thorburn
- Department of Pharmacology; University of Colorado School of Medicine; Aurora, CO USA
| | | | - Peter Vandenabeele
- VIB Inflammation Research Center; Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology; Ghent University; Ghent, Belgium
- Methusalem Program; Ghent University; Ghent, Belgium
| | - Francesca Velotti
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (DEB), Tuscia University; Viterbo, Italy
| | - Samuel T. Workenhe
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine; McMaster Immunology Research Center; Hamilton, Canada
- Institute for Infectious Disease Research; McMaster University; Hamilton, Canada
| | - Haining Yang
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center; Honolulu, HI USA
| | - Wei-Xing Zong
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology; Stony Brook University; Stony Brook, NY USA
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- INSERM; U1015; Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus; Villejuif, France
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique Biothérapie 507 (CICBT507); Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus; Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; Center de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
- INSERM; U1138; Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms; Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus; Villejuif, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V; Sorbonne Paris Cité; Paris, France
- Pôle de Biologie; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou; AP-HP; Paris, France
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; Center de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
- INSERM; U1138; Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus; Villejuif, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V; Sorbonne Paris Cité; Paris, France
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Toll-like receptor-triggered calcium mobilization protects mice against bacterial infection through extracellular ATP release. Infect Immun 2014; 82:5076-85. [PMID: 25245808 DOI: 10.1128/iai.02546-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular ATP (eATP), released as a "danger signal" by injured or stressed cells, plays an important role in the regulation of immune responses, but the relationship between ATP release and innate immune responses is still uncertain. In this study, we demonstrated that ATP was released through Toll-like receptor (TLR)-associated signaling in both Escherichia coli-infected mice and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- or Pam3CSK4-treated macrophages. This ATP release could be blocked completely only by N-ethylmaleimide (NEM), not by carbenoxolone (CBX), flufenamic acid (FFA), or probenecid, suggesting the key role of exocytosis in this process. Furthermore, LPS-induced ATP release could also be reduced dramatically through suppressing calcium mobilization by use of U73122, caffeine, and thapsigargin (TG). In addition, the secretion of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and CCL-2 was enhanced significantly by ATP, in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, macrophage-mediated phagocytosis of bacteria was also promoted significantly by ATP stimulation. Furthermore, extracellular ATP reduced the number of invading bacteria and protected mice from peritonitis by activating purinergic receptors. Mechanistically, phosphorylation of AKT and ERK was overtly increased by ATP in antibacterial immune responses. Accordingly, if we blocked the P2X- and P2Y-associated signaling pathway by using suramin and pyridoxal phosphate-6-azo(benzene-2,4-disulfonic acid), tetrasodium salt (PPADS), the ATP-enhanced immune response was restrained significantly. Taken together, our findings reveal an internal relationship between danger signals and TLR signaling in innate immune responses, which suggests a potential therapeutic significance of calcium mobilization-mediated ATP release in infectious diseases.
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Wang YJ, Gong GQ, Chen S, Xiong LY, Zhou XX, Huang X, Kong WJ. NLRP3 inflammasome sequential changes in Staphylococcus aureus-induced mouse model of acute rhinosinusitis. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:15806-20. [PMID: 25207596 PMCID: PMC4200865 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150915806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The NLR pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome plays a crucial role in lung disease and may have a similar role in upper respiratory tract inflammation. We therefore constructed a C57BL/6 mouse model of acute rhinosinusitis induced by Staphylococcus aureus and investigated the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in this model. Mice were classified as non-inoculated group (group A) and inoculated groups (groups B, C, D and E, sacrificed 1, 3, 7 and 14 days after inoculation, respectively). Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that each group had inflammatory cell infiltration, except group A. The damage of the nasal mucosa was aggravated gradually over time. Western blot and immunofluorescence showed that the structural proteins of the NLRP3 inflammasome (NLRP3, ASC (apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing CARD), procaspase-1) in groups B, C, D and E were increased gradually. But they were reduced in group B compared with group A, except for NLRP3. Western blot showed that the cleavage fragment of procaspase-1, p20 in groups B, C, D and E was increased gradually. Real-time PCR showed that the corresponding mRNAs of the structural proteins were changed the same as their proteins. IL-1β mRNA and mature IL-1β protein were increased gradually in groups A, B, C, D and E. These results indicate that NLRP3 inflammasome activation was associated with the acute rhinosinusitis, and that there was a positive correlation between the expression level of the NLRP3 inflammasome and the severity of acute rhinosinusitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Jun Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Guo-Qing Gong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Shan Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Li-Yan Xiong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Xing-Xing Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Xiang Huang
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Wei-Jia Kong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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Niebuhr M, Baumert K, Heratizadeh A, Satzger I, Werfel T. Impaired NLRP3 inflammasome expression and function in atopic dermatitis due to Th2 milieu. Allergy 2014; 69:1058-67. [PMID: 24894535 DOI: 10.1111/all.12428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis patients are frequently colonized with Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) that produce the staphylococcal exotoxin α-toxin. However, only patients with AD suffer from bacterial superinfections with this pathogen, which implicates immunological differences in AD vs psoriasis in combating these bacteria. S. aureus recognition is partially mediated by intracellular nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain receptors (NLRs), which link α-toxin to caspase-1 activation through the formation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and to IL-1β secretion. OBJECTIVE To investigate (i) NLRP3 expression in the context of different T-helper cytokine milieus and (ii) its function in response to sublytic α-toxin stimulation in patients with AD and psoriasis compared with healthy controls. METHODS NLRP3 expression and function were investigated in lesional AD and psoriasis skin as well as in primary keratinocytes (HPKs) and monocytes upon stimulation with Th1, Th2, Th17 and Th22 cytokines or staphylococcal α-toxin, respectively, at the mRNA and protein (ELISA, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence) level. RESULTS NLRP3 and caspase-1 expressions were reduced in lesional AD skin compared to psoriatic and healthy skin. IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 downregulated NLRP3 and ASC, whereas interferon-γ upregulated NLRP3 in HPKs. In monocytes, caspase-1 expression was reduced by Th2 cytokines and enhanced by a Th1 milieu. Caspase-1-dependent IL-1β secretion was impaired in monocytes from patients with AD compared to patients with psoriasis and healthy controls by α-toxin stimulation following priming with lipoteichoic acid. CONCLUSION Impaired NLRP3 expression and function may partially explain how skin colonization and infection with S. aureus can contribute to chronic skin inflammation in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Niebuhr
- Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research; Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Hannover Medical School; Hannover Germany
| | - K. Baumert
- Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research; Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Hannover Medical School; Hannover Germany
| | - A. Heratizadeh
- Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research; Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Hannover Medical School; Hannover Germany
| | - I. Satzger
- Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research; Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Hannover Medical School; Hannover Germany
| | - T. Werfel
- Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research; Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Hannover Medical School; Hannover Germany
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Zhao Y, Ye C, Liu W, Chen R, Jiang X. Tuning the composition of AuPt bimetallic nanoparticles for antibacterial application. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:8127-31. [PMID: 24828967 PMCID: PMC4320751 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201401035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We show that bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) of AuPt without any surface modification are potent antibiotic reagents, while pure Au NPs or pure Pt NPs display no antibiotic activities. The most potent antibacterial AuPt NPs happen to be the most effective catalysts for chemical transformations. The mechanism of antibiotic action includes the dissipation of membrane potential and the elevation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels. These bimetallic NPs are unique in that they do not produce reactive oxygen species as most antibiotics do. Being non-toxic to human cells, these bimetallic noble NPs might open an entry to a new class of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyun Zhao
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology, CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology11 Beiyitiao, ZhongGuanCun, Beijing 100190 (China)
| | - Chunjie Ye
- Wuhan Institute of TechnologyXiongchu Avenue, Wuhan, 430073 (China)
| | - Wenwen Liu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology, CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology11 Beiyitiao, ZhongGuanCun, Beijing 100190 (China)
| | - Rong Chen
- Wuhan Institute of TechnologyXiongchu Avenue, Wuhan, 430073 (China)
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology, CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology11 Beiyitiao, ZhongGuanCun, Beijing 100190 (China)
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Wild chrysanthemum extract prevents UVB radiation-induced acute cell death and photoaging. Cytotechnology 2014; 68:229-40. [PMID: 25052044 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-014-9773-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Wild chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum indicum L.) is traditionally used in folk medicine as an anti-inflammatory agent. It is also used in the southwest plateau region of China to prevent ultraviolet-induced skin damage. However, the role and mechanism by which wild chrysanthemum prevents UV-induced skin damage and photoaging have never been investigated in vitro. In the present study, we found that aqueous extracts from wild chrysanthemum strongly reduced high-dose UVB-induced acute cell death of human immortalized keratinocytic HaCat cells. Wild chrysanthemum extract was also demonstrated to reduce low-dose UVB-induced expression of the photoaging-related matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9. The ROS level elevated by UVB irradiation was strongly attenuated by wild chrysanthemum extract. Further study revealed that wild chrysanthemum extract reduced UVB-triggered ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK phosphorylation and their protective role, which is partially dependent on inhibiting p38 activation. These results suggest that wild chrysanthemum extract can protect the skin from UVB-induced acute skin damage and photoaging by reducing the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and inhibiting p38 MAPK phosphorylation. The present study confirmed the protective role of wild chrysanthemum against UV-induced skin disorders in vitro and indicated the possible mechanism. Further study to identify the active components in wild chrysanthemum extract would be useful for developing new drugs for preventing and treating skin diseases, including skin cancer and photoaging, induced by UV irradiation.
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39
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Zhao Y, Ye C, Liu W, Chen R, Jiang X. Tuning the Composition of AuPt Bimetallic Nanoparticles for Antibacterial Application. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201401035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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40
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Host-derived, pore-forming toxin-like protein and trefoil factor complex protects the host against microbial infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:6702-7. [PMID: 24733922 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1321317111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Aerolysins are virulence factors belonging to the bacterial β-pore-forming toxin superfamily. Surprisingly, numerous aerolysin-like proteins exist in vertebrates, but their biological functions are unknown. βγ-CAT, a complex of an aerolysin-like protein subunit (two βγ-crystallin domains followed by an aerolysin pore-forming domain) and two trefoil factor subunits, has been identified in frogs (Bombina maxima) skin secretions. Here, we report the rich expression of this protein, in the frog blood and immune-related tissues, and the induction of its presence in peritoneal lavage by bacterial challenge. This phenomena raises the possibility of its involvement in antimicrobial infection. When βγ-CAT was administrated in a peritoneal infection model, it greatly accelerated bacterial clearance and increased the survival rate of both frogs and mice. Meanwhile, accelerated Interleukin-1β release and enhanced local leukocyte recruitments were determined, which may partially explain the robust and effective antimicrobial responses observed. The release of interleukin-1β was potently triggered by βγ-CAT from the frog peritoneal cells and murine macrophages in vitro. βγ-CAT was rapidly endocytosed and translocated to lysosomes, where it formed high molecular mass SDS-stable oligomers (>170 kDa). Lysosomal destabilization and cathepsin B release were detected, which may explain the activation of caspase-1 inflammasome and subsequent interleukin-1β maturation and release. To our knowledge, these results provide the first functional evidence of the ability of a host-derived aerolysin-like protein to counter microbial infection by eliciting rapid and effective host innate immune responses. The findings will also largely help to elucidate the possible involvement and action mechanisms of aerolysin-like proteins and/or trefoil factors widely existing in vertebrates in the host defense against pathogens.
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Li SA, Xiang Y, Wang YJ, Liu J, Lee WH, Zhang Y. Naturally Occurring Antimicrobial Peptide OH-CATH30 Selectively Regulates the Innate Immune Response To Protect against Sepsis. J Med Chem 2013; 56:9136-45. [DOI: 10.1021/jm401134n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-An Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Yan-Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wen-Hui Lee
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
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