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Nkouefuth Nfongmo Y, Onana FM, Masseret E, Nana PA, Ewoukem TE, Kacimi A. Estimation of the introduction risk of non-indigenous species through ship ballast water in the Port of Douala (Cameroon). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 198:115794. [PMID: 38039573 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
The transport of non-indigenous species in ship's ballast water represents a threat to marine biodiversity. This study is the first on marine bioinvasion in Sub-Saharan Africa. The Port of Douala (PoD), located in the Gulf of Guinea, is experiencing increasing maritime traffic, hence the importance of preventing biological invasions. PoD received ballast water from 41 ports and 20 ecoregions during the study period (2018-2021). We used a biological invasion model and showed that ships from the ports of Antwerp, Durban, Dar es Salaam, Pointe-Noire (Southern Gulf of Guinea) and Dakar (Sahelian Upwelling), with their associated ecoregions present a major invasion risk. Treating ballast water from these ships to IMO D-2 standards could reduce their probability of biological invasion by 97.18, 98.43, 98.80, 98.77 and 98.84 %, respectively. Climate change may also mitigate the risk of biological invasion, particularly for ships in the North Sea ecoregion from the port of Antwerp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Nkouefuth Nfongmo
- Laboratory of Ecosystems and Fisheries Resources, University of Douala, Cameroon; MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Montpellier, France.
| | - Fils Mamert Onana
- Laboratory of Ecosystems and Fisheries Resources, University of Douala, Cameroon
| | - Estelle Masseret
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Paul Alain Nana
- Laboratory of Ecosystems and Fisheries Resources, University of Douala, Cameroon
| | - Thomas Efole Ewoukem
- Laboratory of Ecosystems and Fisheries Resources, University of Douala, Cameroon
| | - Adel Kacimi
- Marine and Coastal Ecosystems Laboratory (ECOSYSMarL), Department of Marine and Coastal Environment, National Higher School of Marine Sciences and Coastal Management (ENSSMAL), 16320 Algiers, Algeria
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Constantine KL, Makale F, Mugambi I, Chacha D, Rware H, Muvea A, Kipngetich VK, Tambo J, Ogunmodede A, Djeddour D, Pratt CF, Rwomushana I, Williams F. Assessment of the socio-economic impacts associated with the arrival of apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata) in Mwea irrigation scheme, Kenya. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:4343-4356. [PMID: 37394711 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Kenya, rice (Oryza sativa L.) is mainly produced under irrigation by small-scale farmers. Mwea irrigation scheme (MIS) in Kirinyaga County accounts for 80-88% of rice production. Here, rice is the main source of livelihood and a source of revenue generation for the county. However, a recently established invasive freshwater snail, Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck) (family: Ampullariidae), a species of apple snail, presents a serious threat to rice production. RESULTS Household surveys, focus group discussions and key informant interviews highlight apple snail as a serious problem in MIS. Households that observed at least a moderate level of infestation (>20% of cultivated area) experienced significant reductions in rice yield (~14%) and net rice income (~60%). Farmers reported increased use of chemical pesticides for management of apple snail. In addition, the cost of hired labor for physical removal of egg masses and snails is resulting in substantial negative effects on net income. Farmer age, area of land owned, responsibility for decision-making, receipt of extension advice, training, and membership of a farmer organization, were all statistically significant variables to explain farmers awareness of the need for area-wide apple snail management. CONCLUSION Strategies to limit the spread of apple snail are urgently needed. A Multi-Institutional Technical Team (MITT) has been established to spearhead management efforts and consolidate advice to farmers on how to manage apple snail. However, without action to mitigate spread, the consequences could be disastrous for rice production and food security in Kenya, and for other rice growing regions across Africa. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Choi HJ, Kim JH, Le VQA, Kim BN, Cho BK, Kim YH, Min J. Yeast vacuolar enzymes as novel hatching inhibitors for aquatic organisms, Daphnia magna and Danio rerio eggs. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 264:115446. [PMID: 37688866 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Concerns over the spread of non-native species in aquatic environments have led to the need for effective methods to prevent and control their spread while protecting native species. This study investigated the potential of yeast vacuolar enzymes as a natural hatching inhibitor for controlling aquatic organisms. Hatching experiments with Daphnia magna eggs demonstrated that exposure to yeast vacuole enzymes inhibited hatching in a concentration-dependent manner, suggesting their potential as an effective inhibitor of egg hatching in aquatic organisms. Interestingly, the protease used for comparative purposes did not inhibit hatching, but instead increased the mortality of hatched D. magna. Additionally, chorionic changes were observed in non-hatched D. magna eggs and zebrafish eggs exposed to yeast vacuole enzymes, suggesting that the enzyme can alter the chorion and interfere with hatching. These findings suggest that yeast vacuolar enzymes may be a promising and natural management tool for controlling the spread of harmful aquatic organisms, and further research is warranted to explore their potential for species-specific control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Jin Choi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, South Korea
| | - Ji Hun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Vu Quynh Anh Le
- School of Chemical Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, South Korea
| | - Bit-Na Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, South Korea.
| | - Byung-Kwan Cho
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea.
| | - Yang-Hoon Kim
- School of Biological Sciences, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-Ro, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju 28644, South Korea.
| | - Jiho Min
- School of Chemical Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, South Korea.
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Escobar-Correas S, Mendoza-Porras O, Castro-Vazquez A, Vega IA, Colgrave ML. Proteomic analysis of digestive tract peptidases and lipases from the invasive gastropod Pomacea canaliculata. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:1420-1430. [PMID: 36464640 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The invasive gastropod Pomacea canaliculata has received great attention in the last decades as a result of its negative impact on crops agriculture, yet knowledge of their digestive physiology remains incomplete, particularly the enzymatic breakdown of macromolecules such as proteins and lipids. RESULTS Discovery proteomics revealed aspartic peptidases, cysteine peptidases, serine peptidases, metallopeptidases and threonine peptidases, as well as acid and neutral lipases and phospholipases along the digestive tract of P. canaliculata. Peptides specific to peptidases (139) and lipases (14) were quantified by targeted mass spectrometry. Digestion begins in the mouth via diverse salivary peptidases (nine serine peptidases; seven cysteine peptidases, one aspartic peptidase and 22 metallopeptidases) and then continues in the oesophagus (crop) via three luminal metallopeptidases (Family M12) and six serine peptidases (Family S1). Downstream, the digestive gland provides a battery of enzymes composed of aspartic peptidase (one), cysteine peptidases (nine), serine peptidases (12) and metallopeptidases (24), including aminopeptidases, carboxypeptidases and dipeptidases). The coiled gut has M1 metallopeptidases that complete the digestion of small peptides. Lipid extracellular digestion is completed by triglyceride lipases. CONCLUSION From an integrative physiological and anatomical perspective, P. canaliculata shows an unexpected abundance and diversity of peptidases, which participate mainly in extracellular digestion. Moreover, the previously unknown occurrence of luminal lipases from the digestive gland is reported for the first time. Salivary and digestive glands were the main tissues involved in the synthesis and secretion of these enzymes, but plausibly the few luminally exclusive peptidases are secreted by ventrolateral pouches or epithelial unicellular glands. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Escobar-Correas
- IHEM, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Fisiología, Mendoza, Argentina
- CSIRO, Agriculture & Food, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Alfredo Castro-Vazquez
- IHEM, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Fisiología, Mendoza, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Israel A Vega
- IHEM, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Fisiología, Mendoza, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
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Lu H, Lyu B, Tang J, Wu Q, Wyckhuys KAG, Le KH, Chongchitmate P, Qiu H, Zhang Q. Ecology, invasion history and biodiversity-driven management of the coconut black-headed caterpillar Opisina arenosella in Asia. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1116221. [PMID: 37051087 PMCID: PMC10084852 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1116221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The coconut black-headed caterpillar (BHC), Opisina arenosella Walker (Lepidoptera: Xyloryctidae) is an important herbivore of palm trees that originates in South Asia. Over the past decades, O. arenosella has spread to several countries in Eastern and Southeast Asia. BHC larval feeding can cause severe defoliation and occasional plant death, resulting in direct production losses (e.g., for coconut) while degrading the aesthetic value of urban and rural landscapes. In this review paper, we systematically cover taxonomy, bio-ecology, invasion history and current management of O. arenosella throughout Asia. Given that O. arenosella is routinely controlled with insecticides, we equally explore options for more sustainable management through agroecological and biodiversity-based tactics e.g., cultural control or biological control. Also, recent advances in chemical ecology have unlocked lucrative opportunities for volatile-mediated monitoring, mating disruption and mass-trapping. Substantial progress has been made in augmentation biological control, with scheduled releases of laboratory-reared parasitoids lowering BHC infestation pressure up to 95%. Equally, resident ants provide 75-98% mortality of BHC egg masses within the palm canopy. Biological control has been effectively paired with sanitary measures and good agronomy (i.e., proper fertilization, irrigation), and promoted through participatory farmer training programs. Our comprehensive listing of non-chemical preventative and curative tactics offer bright prospects for a more environmentally-sound, biodiversity-driven mitigation of a palm pest of regional allure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Lu
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou, China
- Sanya Research Academy, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Science, Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Baoqian Lyu
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou, China
- Sanya Research Academy, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Science, Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Jihong Tang
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou, China
- Sanya Research Academy, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Science, Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Qiqi Wu
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou, China
- Sanya Research Academy, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Science, Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Kris A. G. Wyckhuys
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Institute for Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
- Chrysalis Consulting, Danang, Vietnam
| | - Khac Hoang Le
- Plant Protection Department, Agronomy Faculty, Nong Lam University, Hochiminh City, Vietnam
| | - Patchareewan Chongchitmate
- Plant Protection Research and Development Office, Department of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Haiyan Qiu
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou, China
- Sanya Research Academy, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Science, Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Qikai Zhang
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou, China
- Sanya Research Academy, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Science, Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions, Sanya, Hainan, China
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The naturalized vascular flora of Malesia. Biol Invasions 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-022-02989-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
AbstractMajor regional gaps exist in the reporting and accessibility of naturalized plant species distribution data, especially within Southeast Asia. Here, we present the Malesian Naturalized Alien Flora database (MalNAF), the first standardized island-group level checklist of naturalized vascular plant species for the Malesian phytogeographical region. We used MalNAF to investigate the composition, origins, and habitat preferences of the naturalized flora. The naturalized vascular flora of Malesia consists of at least 1177 species. Richness is highest in the Philippines (539 spp.) and lowest in the Maluku Islands (87 spp.). But, the Lesser Sunda Islands had the highest naturalized species richness relative to native richness and Singapore has a higher naturalized plant species richness than would be expected given its size. When comparing the data for Malesia with a global dataset, we found that naturalized richness increased with area for islands but not for continental regions. Across the archipelago, 31 species are widespread, occurring in every island group, but the majority have a limited distribution of 2.4 ± 2.3 (mean ± SD) island groups per naturalized species. The naturalized plant species are representatives of 150 families, twenty of which are newly introduced to the region. Families richest in naturalized plant species in Malesia were Fabaceae (= Leguminosae) (160 spp.), Poaceae (= Gramineae) (138 spp.), and Asteraceae (= Compositae) (96 spp.). Most of these have a native range that includes tropical Asia, closely followed by those from Southern America (inclusive of the Caribbean, Central and South America), although at the island-group level, most have a higher proportion with a Southern American native range. Most naturalized species occur in anthropogenic habitats, but many are present in “natural” habitats with fewer species, such as Leucaena leucocephala, reported from specialized habitats like drylands. MalNAF provides a baseline for future studies of naturalized plant species distributions in the region.
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Diagne C, Ballesteros-Mejia L, Cuthbert RN, Bodey TW, Fantle-Lepczyk J, Angulo E, Bang A, Dobigny G, Courchamp F. Economic costs of invasive rodents worldwide: the tip of the iceberg. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14935. [PMID: 36992943 PMCID: PMC10042159 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Rodents are among the most notorious invasive alien species worldwide. These invaders have substantially impacted native ecosystems, food production and storage, local infrastructures, human health and well-being. However, the lack of standardized and understandable estimation of their impacts is a serious barrier to raising societal awareness, and hampers effective management interventions at relevant scales. Methods Here, we assessed the economic costs of invasive alien rodents globally in order to help overcome these obstacles. For this purpose, we combined and analysed economic cost data from the InvaCost database-the most up-to-date and comprehensive synthesis of reported invasion costs-and specific complementary searches within and beyond the published literature. Results Our conservative analysis showed that reported costs of rodent invasions reached a conservative total of US$ 3.6 billion between 1930 and 2022 (annually US$ 87.5 million between 1980 and 2022), and were significantly increasing through time. The highest cost reported was for muskrat Ondatra zibethicus (US$ 377.5 million), then unspecified Rattus spp. (US$ 327.8 million), followed by Rattus norvegicus specifically (US$ 156.6 million) and Castor canadensis (US$ 150.4 million). Of the total costs, 87% were damage-related, principally impacting agriculture and predominantly reported in Asia (60%), Europe (19%) and North America (9%). Our study evidenced obvious cost underreporting with only 99 documents gathered globally, clear taxonomic gaps, reliability issues for cost assessment, and skewed breakdowns of costs among regions, sectors and contexts. As a consequence, these reported costs represent only a very small fraction of the expected true cost of rodent invasions (e.g., using a less conservative analytic approach would have led to a global amount more than 80-times higher than estimated here). Conclusions These findings strongly suggest that available information represents a substantial underestimation of the global costs incurred. We offer recommendations for improving estimates of costs to fill these knowledge gaps including: systematic distinction between native and invasive rodents' impacts; monetizing indirect impacts on human health; and greater integrative and concerted research effort between scientists and stakeholders. Finally, we discuss why and how this approach will stimulate and provide support for proactive and sustainable management strategies in the context of alien rodent invasions, for which biosecurity measures should be amplified globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Diagne
- CBGP, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, IRD, Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Ecologie Systématique Evolution, Orsay, France
| | | | - Ross N. Cuthbert
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas W. Bodey
- School of Biological Sciences, King’s College, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | | | - Elena Angulo
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Ecologie Systématique Evolution, Orsay, France
- Estación Biológica de Doñana (CSIC), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Alok Bang
- Society for Ecology Evolution and Development, Wardha, India
| | - Gauthier Dobigny
- CBGP, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, IRD, Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
- Unité Peste, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, BP 1274 Ambatofotsikely Avaradoha, 101 Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Franck Courchamp
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Ecologie Systématique Evolution, Orsay, France
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Boltovskoy D, Guiaşu R, Burlakova L, Karatayev A, Schlaepfer MA, Correa N. Misleading estimates of economic impacts of biological invasions: Including the costs but not the benefits. AMBIO 2022; 51:1786-1799. [PMID: 35191001 PMCID: PMC9200917 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-022-01707-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The economic costs of non-indigenous species (NIS) are a key factor for the allocation of efforts and resources to eradicate or control baneful invasions. Their assessments are challenging, but most suffer from major flaws. Among the most important are the following: (1) the inclusion of actual damage costs together with various ancillary expenditures which may or may not be indicative of the real economic damage due to NIS; (2) the inclusion of the costs of unnecessary or counterproductive control initiatives; (3) the inclusion of controversial NIS-related costs whose economic impacts are questionable; (4) the assessment of the negative impacts only, ignoring the positive ones that most NIS have on the economy, either directly or through their ecosystem services. Such estimates necessarily arrive at negative and often highly inflated values, do not reflect the net damage and economic losses due to NIS, and can significantly misguide management and resource allocation decisions. We recommend an approach based on holistic costs and benefits that are assessed using likely scenarios and their counter-factual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demetrio Boltovskoy
- IEGEBA, Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Radu Guiaşu
- Biology Program, Glendon College, York University, 2275 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M6 Canada
| | - Lyubov Burlakova
- Great Lakes Center, SUNY Buffalo State, 1300 Elmwood Ave., Buffalo, NY 14222 USA
| | - Alexander Karatayev
- Great Lakes Center, SUNY Buffalo State, 1300 Elmwood Ave., Buffalo, NY 14222 USA
| | - Martin A. Schlaepfer
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, Boulevard Carl-Vogt 66, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nancy Correa
- Servicio de Hidrografía Naval y Escuela de Ciencias del Mar, Sede Educativa Universitaria, Facultad de la Armada, UNDEF, Av. Montes de Oca 2124, 1271 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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GC YD, Hadi BAR, Wyckhuys KAG. Contrasting National Plant Protection Needs, Perceptions and Techno-Scientific Capabilities in the Asia-Pacific Region. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.853359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pests and pathogens inflict considerable losses in global agri-food production and regularly trigger the (indiscriminate) use of synthetic pesticides. In the Asia-Pacific, endemic and invasive organisms compromise crop yields, degrade farm profitability and cause undesirable social-environmental impacts. In this study, we systematically assess the thematic foci, coherence and inclusiveness of plant protection programs of 11 Asia-Pacific countries. Among 23 economically important diseases and 55 pests, survey respondents identified rice blast, rice brown planthopper, citrus greening disease, Tephritid fruit flies and fall armyworm as threats of regional allure. These organisms are thought to lower crop yields by 20–35% and cause management expenditures up to US$2,250 per hectare and year. Though decision-makers are familiar with integrated pest management (IPM), national programs are invariably skewed toward curative pesticide-intensive control. Pesticide reductions up to 50–100% are felt to be feasible and potentially can be attained through full-fledged IPM campaigns and amended policies. To rationalize farmers' pesticide use, decision criteria (e.g., economic thresholds) wait to be defined for multiple crop x pest systems and (participatory) training needs to be conducted e.g., on (pest, disease) symptom recognition or field-level scouting. Efforts are equally needed to amend stakeholder perceptions on ecologically based measures e.g., biological control. Given that several Asia–Pacific countries possess robust techno-scientific capacities in various IPM domains (e.g., taxonomy, molecular diagnostics, socioeconomics), they can take on an active role in regionally coordinated campaigns. As such, one can reinvigorate IPM and ensure that preventative, non-chemical pest management ultimately becomes the norm instead of the exception throughout the Asia–Pacific.
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Jacoblinnert K, Jacob J, Zhang Z, Hinds LA. The status of fertility control for rodents-recent achievements and future directions. Integr Zool 2021; 17:964-980. [PMID: 34549512 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Management of overabundant rodents at a landscape scale is complex but often required to sustainably reduce rodent abundance below damage thresholds. Current conventional techniques such as poisoning are not species specific, with some approaches becoming increasingly unacceptable to the general public. Fertility control, first proposed for vertebrate pest management over 5 decades ago, has gained public acceptance because it is perceived as a potentially more species-specific and humane approach compared with many lethal methods. An ideal fertility control agent needs to induce infertility across one or more breeding seasons, be easily delivered to an appropriate proportion of the population, be species specific with minimal side-effects (behavioral or social structure changes), and be environmentally benign and cost effective. To date, effective fertility control of rodents has not been demonstrated at landscape scales and very few products have achieved registration. Reproductive targets for fertility control include disrupting the hormonal feedback associated with the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, gonad function, fertilization, and/or early implantation. We review progress on the oral delivery of various agents for which laboratory studies have demonstrated efficacy in females and/or males and synthesize progress with the development and/or use of synthetic steroids, plant extracts, ovarian specific peptides, and immunocontraceptive vaccines. There are promising results for field application of synthetic steroids (levonorgestrel, quinestrol), chemosterilants (4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide), and some plant extracts (triptolide). For most fertility control agents, more research is essential to enable their efficient and cost-effective delivery such that rodent impacts at a population level are mitigated and food security is improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyra Jacoblinnert
- Julius Kühn-Institute (JKI), Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Plant Protection in Horticulture and Forests, Vertebrate Research, Münster, Germany.,Department of Behavioral Biology, University Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Jens Jacob
- Julius Kühn-Institute (JKI), Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Plant Protection in Horticulture and Forests, Vertebrate Research, Münster, Germany
| | - Zhibin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management on Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lyn A Hinds
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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Dorjee, Johnson SB, Buckmaster AJ, Downey PO. Developing a hybrid weed risk assessment system for countries with open and porous borders: insights from Bhutan. Biol Invasions 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-021-02552-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Haubrock PJ, Cuthbert RN, Yeo DCJ, Banerjee AK, Liu C, Diagne C, Courchamp F. Biological invasions in Singapore and Southeast Asia: data gaps fail to mask potentially massive economic costs. NEOBIOTA 2021. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.67.64560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The impacts of invasive alien species are well-known and are categorised as a leading contributor to biodiversity loss globally. However, relatively little is known about the monetary costs incurred from invasions on national economies, hampering management responses. In this study, we used published data to describe the economic cost of invasions in Southeast Asia, with a focus on Singapore – a biodiversity-rich, tropical island city state with small size, high human density and high trade volume, three factors likely to increase invasions. In this country, as well as in others in Southeast Asia, cost data were scarce, with recorded costs available for only a small fraction of the species known to be invasive. Yet, the overall available economic costs to Singapore were estimated to be ~ US$ 1.72 billion in total since 1975 (after accounting for inflation), which is approximately one tenth of the total cost recorded in all of Southeast Asia (US$ 16.9 billion). These costs, in Singapore and Southeast Asia, were mostly linked to insects in the family Culicidae (principally Aedes spp.) and associated with damage, resource loss, healthcare and control-related spending. Projections for 11 additional species known to be invasive in Singapore, but with recorded costs only from abroad, amounted to an additional US$ 893.13 million, showing the potential huge gap between recorded and actual costs (cost records remain missing for over 90% of invasive species). No costs within the database for Singapore – or for other Southeast Asian countries – were exclusively associated with proactive management, highlighting that a shortage of reporting on the costs of invasions is mirrored by a lack of investment in management. Moreover, invasion cost entries in Singapore were under-reported relative to import levels, but total costs exceeded expectations, based on land area and population size, and to a greater extent than in other Southeast Asian countries. Therefore, the evaluation and reporting of economic costs of invasions need to be improved in this region to provide efficient data-based support for mitigation and management of their impacts.
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Watari Y, Komine H, Angulo E, Diagne C, Ballesteros-Mejia L, Courchamp F. First synthesis of the economic costs of biological invasions in Japan. NEOBIOTA 2021. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.67.59186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Despite the large body of knowledge recognising the impact of biological invasions on biodiversity, their economic impact has been less evaluated. However, the associated economic costs ought to provide useful information on many different aspects to prevent and manage invasions. Here, we describe the economic costs of biological invasions in Japan using InvaCost, a recently-published global database on monetary costs extracted from English and non-English sources, as well as a complementary search, thereby filling a gap in regional knowledge. We focused on the following four dimensions when analysing the economic costs of biological invasions: damage to biodiversity, damage to human livelihood, management for biodiversity and management for human livelihood. Interestingly, there was no information about biological invasion costs for Japan in English, but the Japanese search and our additional survey provided a total of 630 cost entries, with a total economic cost of 728 million USD (2017 value, equivalent to 62 billion JPY). These entries appeared in 33 documents and corresponded to a total of 54 species. We showed that: 1) damage costs from biological invasions tend not to be assessed as frequently as management costs and are more underestimated; 2) despite the numerous entries, an overwhelmingly limited amount of the management budget was allocated to biodiversity conservation compared to protecting human livelihood; 3) budgets have been intensively invested in invasive species management on small islands, which reflects the vulnerability of small island ecosystems and economies to biological invasions; 4) the recorded costs still seem to be greatly underestimated, mainly due to the lack of recording (and potentially limited access to recorded cost information). These findings are not only specific to Japan, but may also be widely applicable to most other countries. The future recording of economic costs will help to close the gap between actual and recorded costs, leading to more realistic guidelines for tackling biological invasions.
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Diagne C, Turbelin AJ, Moodley D, Novoa A, Leroy B, Angulo E, Adamjy T, Dia CA, Taheri A, Tambo J, Dobigny G, Courchamp F. The economic costs of biological invasions in Africa: a growing but neglected threat? NEOBIOTA 2021. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.67.59132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Biological invasions can dramatically impact natural ecosystems and human societies. However, although knowledge of the economic impacts of biological invasions provides crucial insights for efficient management and policy, reliable syntheses are still lacking. This is particularly true for low income countries where economic resources are insufficient to control the effects of invasions. In this study, we relied on the recently developed "InvaCost" database – the most comprehensive repository on the monetised impacts of invasive alien species worldwide – to produce the first synthesis of economic costs of biological invasions on the African continent. We found that the reported costs of invasions ranged between US$ 18.2 billion and US$ 78.9 billion between 1970 and 2020. This represents a massive, yet highly underestimated economic burden for African countries. More alarmingly, these costs are exponentially increasing over time, without any signs of abatement in the near future. The reported costs were mostly driven by damage caused by invaders rather than expenses incurred for management. This trend was highly skewed towards a few regions (i.e. Southern and Eastern Africa) and activity sectors (i.e. agriculture) and incurred by a small number of invasive taxa (i.e. mainly three insect pests: Chilo partellus, Tuta absoluta, Spodoptera frugiperda). We also highlight crucial, large gaps in current knowledge on the economic costs of invasions that still need to be bridged with more widespread research effort and management actions across the continent. Finally, our study provides support for developing and implementing preventive measures as well as integrated post-invasion management actions at both national and regional levels. Considering the complex societal and economic realities in African countries, the currently neglected problem of biological invasions should become a priority for sustainable development.
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Liu C, Diagne C, Angulo E, Banerjee AK, Chen Y, Cuthbert RN, Haubrock PJ, Kirichenko N, Pattison Z, Watari Y, Xiong W, Courchamp F. Economic costs of biological invasions in Asia. NEOBIOTA 2021. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.67.58147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Invasive species have caused severe impacts on biodiversity and human society. Although the estimation of environmental impacts caused by invasive species has increased in recent years, economic losses associated with biological invasions are only sporadically estimated in space and time. In this study, we synthesized the losses incurred by invasions in Asia, based on the most comprehensive database of economic costs of invasive species worldwide, including 560 cost records for 88 invasive species in 22 countries. We also assessed the differences in economic costs across taxonomic groups, geographical regions and impacted sectors, and further identified the major gaps of current knowledge in Asia. Reported economic costs of biological invasions were estimated between 1965 and 2017, and reached a total of US$ 432.6 billion (2017 value), with dramatic increases in 2000–2002 and in 2004. The highest costs were recorded for terrestrial ectotherms, for species estimated in South Asia, and for species estimated at the country level, and were related to more than one impacted sector. Two taxonomic groups with the highest reported costs were insects and mammals, and two countries with the highest costs were India and China. Non-English data covered all of 12 taxonomic groups, whereas English data only covered six groups, highlighting the importance of considering data from non-English sources to have a more comprehensive estimation of economic costs associated with biological invasions. However, we found that the estimation of economic costs was lacking for most Asian countries and for more than 96% of introduced species in Asia. Further, the estimation is heavily biased towards insects and mammals and is very limited concerning expenditures on invasion management. To optimize the allocation of limited resources, there is an important need to better and more widely study the economic costs of invasive alien species. In this way, improved cost reporting and more collaborations between scientists and stakeholders are needed across Asia.
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Welsh MJ, Turner JA, Epanchin‐Niell RS, Monge JJ, Soliman T, Robinson AP, Kean JM, Phillips C, Stringer LD, Vereijssen J, Liebhold AM, Kompas T, Ormsby M, Brockerhoff EG. Approaches for estimating benefits and costs of interventions in plant biosecurity across invasion phases. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2021; 31:e02319. [PMID: 33665918 PMCID: PMC8365635 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nonnative plant pests cause billions of dollars in damages. It is critical to prevent or reduce these losses by intervening at various stages of the invasion process, including pathway risk management (to prevent pest arrival), surveillance and eradication (to counter establishment), and management of established pests (to limit damages). Quantifying benefits and costs of these interventions is important to justify and prioritize investments and to inform biosecurity policy. However, approaches for these estimations differ in (1) the assumed relationship between supply, demand, and prices, and (2) the ability to assess different types of direct and indirect costs at invasion stages, for a given arrival or establishment probability. Here we review economic approaches available to estimate benefits and costs of biosecurity interventions to inform the appropriate selection of approaches. In doing so, we complement previous studies and reviews on estimates of damages from invasive species by considering the influence of economic and methodological assumptions. Cost accounting is suitable for rapid decisions, specific impacts, and simple methodological assumptions but fails to account for feedbacks, such as market adjustments, and may overestimate long-term economic impacts. Partial equilibrium models consider changes in consumer and producer surplus due to pest impacts or interventions and can account for feedbacks in affected sectors but require specialized economic models, comprehensive data sets, and estimates of commodity supply and demand curves. More intensive computable general equilibrium models can account for feedbacks across entire economies, including capital and labor, and linkages among these. The two major considerations in choosing an approach are (1) the goals of the analysis (e.g., consideration of a single pest or intervention with a limited range of impacts vs. multiple interventions, pests or sectors), and (2) the resources available for analysis such as knowledge, budget and time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa J. Welsh
- Scion (NZ Forest Research Institute)P.O. Box 29237Christchurch8540New Zealand
- Better Border BiosecurityPrivate Bag 4704Christchurch8140New Zealand
| | | | | | - Juan J. Monge
- Market Economics Ltd. Digital Basecamp1132 Hinemoa StreetRotorua3010New Zealand
| | - Tarek Soliman
- Manaaki Whenua – Landcare ResearchPrivate Bag 92170Auckland1142New Zealand
| | - Andrew P. Robinson
- Centre of Excellence for Biosecurity Risk AnalysisSchool of BioSciencesUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoria3010Australia
| | - John M. Kean
- Better Border BiosecurityPrivate Bag 4704Christchurch8140New Zealand
- AgResearch, Ruakura10 Bisley RoadHamiltonNew Zealand
| | - Craig Phillips
- Better Border BiosecurityPrivate Bag 4704Christchurch8140New Zealand
- AgResearchPrivate Bag 4749Christchurch8140New Zealand
| | - Lloyd D. Stringer
- Better Border BiosecurityPrivate Bag 4704Christchurch8140New Zealand
- NZ Institute for Plant and Food ResearchPrivate Bag 4704Christchurch8140New Zealand
| | - Jessica Vereijssen
- Better Border BiosecurityPrivate Bag 4704Christchurch8140New Zealand
- NZ Institute for Plant and Food ResearchPrivate Bag 4704Christchurch8140New Zealand
| | - Andrew M. Liebhold
- USDA Forest Service Northern Research StationMorgantownWest Virginia26505USA
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood SciencesCzech University of Life SciencesPraha 6 – SuchdolCZ 165 21Czech Republic
| | - Tom Kompas
- Centre of Excellence for Biosecurity Risk AnalysisSchool of BioSciencesUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoria3010Australia
- School of Ecosystem and Forest SciencesUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoria3010Australia
| | - Michael Ormsby
- Ministry for Primary Industries147 Lambton QuayWellington6011New Zealand
| | - Eckehard G. Brockerhoff
- Scion (NZ Forest Research Institute)P.O. Box 29237Christchurch8540New Zealand
- Better Border BiosecurityPrivate Bag 4704Christchurch8140New Zealand
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSLZürcherstrasse 111Birmensdorf8903Switzerland
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Chan J, Zeng Y, Yeo DCJ. Invasive species trait-based risk assessment for non-native freshwater fishes in a tropical city basin in Southeast Asia. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248480. [PMID: 33724990 PMCID: PMC7963036 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological invasions have created detrimental impacts in freshwater ecosystems. As non-native freshwater species include economically beneficial, but also harmful, species, trait-based risk assessments can be used to identify and prevent the import of potentially invasive species. Freshwater fishes are one of the most evaluated freshwater taxa to date. However, such assessments have mostly been done in sub-temperate to temperate regions, with a general lack of such research in the tropics. In view of this knowledge gap, this study aims to determine if a different set of traits are associated with successful establishment of non-native fishes within the tropics. In tropical Southeast Asia, Singapore represents a suitable model site to perform an invasive species trait-based risk assessment for the tropical region given its susceptibility to the introduction and establishment of non-native freshwater fishes and lack of stringent fish import regulation. A quantitative trait-based risk assessment was performed using random forest to determine the relative importance of species attributes associated with the successful establishment of introduced freshwater fishes in Singapore. Species having a match in climate, prior invasion success, lower absolute fecundity, higher trophic level, and involvement in the aquarium trade were found to have higher establishment likelihood (as opposed to native distributional range and maximum size being among the commonly identified predictors in subtropical/temperate trait-based risk assessments). To minimize invasive risk, incoming freshwater fishes could be screened in future for such traits, allowing lists of prohibited or regulated species to be updated. The findings could also potentially benefit the development of invasive species action plans and inform management decisions in the Southeast Asian region. Considering a geographical bias in terms of having relatively less documentation of biological invasions in the tropics, particularly Asia, this study highlights the need to perform more of such risk assessments in other parts of the tropics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joleen Chan
- Department of Biology Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Yiwen Zeng
- Department of Biology Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Darren C. J. Yeo
- Department of Biology Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
- * E-mail:
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Ruykys L, Ta KAT, Bui TD, Vilizzi L, Copp GH. Risk screening of the potential invasiveness of non-native aquatic species in Vietnam. Biol Invasions 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-020-02430-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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21
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Tsai CL, Lee HC, Cho G, Liao YC, Yang MM, Yeh WB. Invasive and Quarantine Risks of Cacopsylla chinensis (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in East Asia: Hybridization or Gene Flow Between Differentiated Lineages. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 113:2890-2899. [PMID: 32880396 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaa189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Pear psyllids are major pests and the causal agents of pear decline disease in orchards. In the past two decades, their outbreaks have raised issues pertaining to invasions and taxonomic identification of the dimorphic Cacopsylla chinensis (Yang and Li) in East Asia. The present study elucidated, as an aid to quarantine management, the invasive origins, differentiation history, and putative gene flow and hybridization between C. chinensis and its sibling species Cacopsylla jukyungi (Kwon). Analyses revealed that the ancestors of C. jukyungi might have diverged from C. chinensis approximately 3.5 million yr ago (Mya) and that differentiation between C. chinensis lineages I and II probably occurred 1.5 Mya. The known overlapping distribution of C. chinensis and C. jukyungi in northeastern China and the two C. chinensis lineages in the Bohai Rim region and Taiwan could be attributed to recent population expansion after the Last Glacial Maximum and/or anthropogenic activities. Analyses of the nuclear gene demonstrated that frequent gene flow between the two C. chinensis lineages and the paraphyletic relationship between C. chinensis and C. jukyungi might be caused by incomplete lineage sorting or hybridization events. On the basis of the current distribution, it is evident that C. jukyungi is not present in middle-southern China, whereas C. chinensis is not distributed in Japan and Korea. Preventing new invasions of Cacopsylla psyllids among geographic regions through the transportation of pear scions is thus pivotal in East Asia, particularly for the possible genetic exchanges among differentiated lineages after secondary invasion events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Lung Tsai
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan
- Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Fort Lauderdale, FL
| | - Hsien-Chung Lee
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Geonho Cho
- Insect Biosystematics Laboratory, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yi-Chang Liao
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Man-Miao Yang
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Bin Yeh
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan
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Saveanu L, Martín PR. An Invader's Peculiar Trophic Behavior: Diel Fluctuations and Environmental Drivers. THE BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN 2020; 239:164-173. [PMID: 33347802 DOI: 10.1086/711489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThe trophic ecology of the invasive apple snail Pomacea canaliculata was intensely investigated because of the impacts of its grazing on aquatic vegetation, including crops. However, this freshwater snail also gathers food from the water surface by using a pedal funnel, a distinctive trophic behavior called pedal surface collecting. We investigated the diel fluctuations of this trophic behavior through four whole-day field observations in a stream. We recorded the lowest pedal funnel frequencies during light hours and the highest after sunset, a pattern similar to that of general activity. We evaluated through laboratory experiments the influence of water temperature and velocity, photoperiod, and a possible endogenous rhythm on this behavior. Pedal funnels are formed within the whole temperature range in which this snail is active. The highest pedal funnel formation rates were recorded at 30 °C, but the food captured was the same regardless of temperature. Pedal funnels were not observed at water velocities above 0.12 m·s-1, but below this limit the rate and time spent in funnels remained constant with velocity. Despite the time of day, pedal funnels were scarce under constant artificial light, ruling out an endogenous rhythm. Both in the laboratory and in the stream, the highest levels of pedal funnels were observed during dark periods, probably as a strategy to avoid detection by visual predators. Pedal surface collecting on floating matter could represent an additional impact of invasive apple snails on freshwater ecosystems, but it could also be used for the specific delivery of molluscicides against them.
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Wyckhuys KAG, González-Chang M, Adriani E, Albaytar AB, Albertini A, Avila G, Beltran MJB, Boreros AD, Fanani MZ, Nguyen DT, Nguyen G, Nurkomar I, Tiwari S. Delivering on the Promise of Biological Control in Asia's Food Systems: A Humboldtian Perspective. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2020.00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Ecological pest control fortifies agricultural growth in Asia-Pacific economies. Nat Ecol Evol 2020; 4:1522-1530. [PMID: 32868917 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-020-01294-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The Green Revolution is credited with alleviating famine, mitigating poverty and driving aggregate economic growth since the 1960s. In Asia, high-input technology packages secured a tripling of rice output, with germplasm improvements providing benefits beyond US$4.3 billion yr-1. Here, we unveil the magnitude and macro-economic relevance of parallel nature-based contributions to productivity growth in non-rice crops over the period 1918-2018 (across 23 different Asia-Pacific geopolitical entities). We empirically demonstrate how biological control resolved invasive pest threats in multiple agricultural commodities, ensuring annually accruing (on-farm) benefits of US$14.6-19.5 billion yr-1. Scientifically guided biological control of 43 exotic invertebrate pests permitted 73-100% yield-loss recovery in critical food, feed and fibre crops including banana, breadfruit, cassava and coconut. Biological control thereby promoted rural growth and prosperity even in marginal, poorly endowed, non-rice environments. By placing agro-ecological innovations on equal footing with input-intensive measures, our work provides lessons for future efforts to mitigate invasive species, restore ecological resilience and sustainably raise output of global agrifood systems.
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Shah S, Abbas G, Riaz N, Anees Ur Rehman, Hanif M, Rasool MF. Burden of communicable diseases and cost of illness: Asia pacific region. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res 2020; 20:343-354. [PMID: 32530725 DOI: 10.1080/14737167.2020.1782196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Communicable diseases such as AIDS/HIV, dengue fever, and malaria have a great burden and subsequent economic loss in the Asian region. The purpose of this article is to review the widespread burden of communicable diseases and related health-care burden for the patient in Asia and the Pacific. AREAS COVERED In Central Asia, the number of new AIDS cases increased by 29%. It is more endemic in the poor population with variations in the cost of illness. Dengue is prevalent in more than 100 countries, including the Asia-Pacific region. In Southeast Asia, the annual economic burden of dengue fever was between $ 610 and $ 1,384 million, with a per capita cost of $ 1.06 to $ 2.41. Globally, 2.9 billion people are at risk of developing malaria, 90% of whom are residents of the Asia and Pacific region. The annual per capita cost of malaria control ranged from $ 0.11 to $ 39.06 and for elimination from $ 0.18 to $ 27. EXPERT OPINION The cost of AIDS, dengue, and malaria varies from country to country due to different health-care systems. The literature review has shown that the cost of dengue disease and malaria is poorly documented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Shah
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad , Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Abbas
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad , Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nabeel Riaz
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad , Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Anees Ur Rehman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Sains Penang , Gelugor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Hanif
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University , Multan, Pakistan
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Lu B, Peng Z, Lu H, Yang F, Lin P, Chu X, He X, Tang J. Inter-country trade, genetic diversity and bio-ecological parameters upgrade pest risk maps for the coconut hispid Brontispa longissima. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2020; 76:1483-1491. [PMID: 31659862 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Invasions of a number of tree-feeding beetles have increased globally and pose a mounting threat to the world's trees, production forests and natural habitats. An in-depth understanding of the determinants of invasion potential of a given species and invasibility of novel environments can help forecast future invasions and avert undesirable socio-economic impacts. Here, we quantitatively assess the (multivariate) drivers of historic invasions of the coconut hispid Brontispa longissima (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) across the Asia-Pacific region and critically assess its invasion potential for other key coconut-growing regions. RESULTS Genetic variation of B. longissima in its invaded range indicated multiple incursions, likely associated with (short-range) natural dispersal and (long-range) trade in ornamental palms and coconut plantlets. Interception records at China's ports of entry accentuate the role of traded planting material. The high fecundity and prolonged, yet adaptable, oviposition period of B. longissima further enhance the invasiveness of this species and aid its successful establishment. Coconut-growing areas are identified with high climatic suitability for B. longissima, and where strengthened biosecurity protocols can prevent future invasions. CONCLUSION A combined assessment of inter-country trade patterns, population genetics and species bio-ecology (e.g. climate-related development) illuminates the dispersal pathways of invasive species, assesses invasibility of particular geographies, guides quarantine interventions and thus can effectively avert future invasions. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoqian Lu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Zhengqiang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Hui Lu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Fan Yang
- College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Peiqun Lin
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Chu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Xing He
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Jihong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
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Kumar Rai P, Singh JS. Invasive alien plant species: Their impact on environment, ecosystem services and human health. ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS 2020; 111:106020. [PMID: 32372880 PMCID: PMC7194640 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.106020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Ecological perturbations caused by biotic invasion have been identified as a growing threat to global sustainability. Invasive alien plants species (IAPS) are considered to be one of the major drivers of biodiversity loss and thereby altering the ecosystem services and socio-economic conditions through different mechanisms. Although the ecological impacts of IAPS are well documented, there is a dearth of studies regarding their economic quantification, livelihood considerations, biotechnological prospects (phytoremediation, bioenergy, phyto-synthesis of nanoparticles, biomedical, industrial applications etc.) and human health risk assessments of IAPS. In this context, the current panoramic review aimed to investigate the environmental, socio-ecological and health risks posed by IAPS as well as the compounded impact of IAPS with habitat fragmentation, climate and land use changes. To this end, the need of an integrated trans-disciplinary research is emphasized for the sustainable management of IAPS. The management prospects can be further strengthened through their linkage with geo-spatial technologies (remote sensing and GIS) by mapping and monitoring the IAPS spread. Further, the horizon of IAPS management is expanded to ecological indicator perspectives of IAPS, biosecurity, and risk assessment protocols with critical discussion. Moreover, positive as well as negative implications of the IAPS on environment, health, ecosystem services and socio-economy (livelihood) are listed so that a judicious policy framework could be developed for the IAPS management in order to mitigate the human health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhat Kumar Rai
- Phyto-technologies and Invasion Lab, Department of Environmental Science, School of Earth Sciences and Natural Resources Management, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, India
| | - J S Singh
- Ecosystem Analysis Lab, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University (B.H.U.), Varanasi, 221005, India
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Gervais JA, Kovach R, Sepulveda A, Al-Chokhachy R, Joseph Giersch J, Muhlfeld CC. Climate-induced expansions of invasive species in the Pacific Northwest, North America: a synthesis of observations and projections. Biol Invasions 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-020-02244-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Maldonado MA, Martín PR. Dealing with a hyper-successful neighbor: effects of the invasive apple snail Pomacea canaliculata on exotic and native snails in South America. Curr Zool 2019; 65:225-235. [PMID: 31263482 PMCID: PMC6595424 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoy060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pomacea canaliculata is a successful invader and also a competitor and predator of other snails and may play a key role in structuring freshwater snail communities both in its native and invaded range. In the present study we evaluated the contact and distant effects of P. canaliculata in its native range on exotic (Melanoides tuberculata and Physa acuta) and native snails (Heleobia parchappii, Biomphalaria peregrina, and Chilina parchappii). Habitat use was affected in P. acuta, H. parchappii, and B. peregrina by contact effects of P. canaliculata, whereas survival was only affected in P. acuta through combined contact and distant effects. Fecundity was reduced in P. acuta and B. peregrina by combined contact and distant effects; evidence of egg mass predation was also observed in both species. Melanoides tuberculata was not affected at all by P. canaliculata. The snail species with higher withdrawal responses to contacts with P. canaliculata were those that suffered less mortality by corporal contact, whereas snails with high crawling away responses suffered from higher mortality. The effects of P. canaliculata seem to be highly negative to small nonoperculate snails that lay gelatinous egg masses, whereas large operculate ovoviviparous snails are not affected in their survival and reproduction. This apple snail may exert biotic resistance against P. acuta but could favor the establishment of M. tuberculata and other functionally similar species in new habitats in South America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara A Maldonado
- Laboratorio de Ecología (DBByF), INBIOSUR (Universidad Nacional del Sur-CONICET), San Juan 670, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Pablo R Martín
- Laboratorio de Ecología (DBByF), INBIOSUR (Universidad Nacional del Sur-CONICET), San Juan 670, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
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Not in the Least Concern: anthropogenic influences on a South-east Asian apple snail Pila scutata (Ampullariidae). ORYX 2018. [DOI: 10.1017/s0030605318000443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractSouth-east Asian apple snails, Pila spp., have been declining since the introduction of globally invasive, confamilial South American Pomacea spp., yet Pila ecology remains poorly studied, with most occurrence records unconfirmed. Pila scutata, a previously widespread species, presumed native to the Malay peninsula and assessed as Least Concern in the IUCN Red List, was formerly harvested for food, and may have experienced anthropogenic translocations. We surveyed the Malay peninsula (specifically Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore) to investigate the current distribution and genetic diversity of P. scutata. Six populations were found in Singapore, but only one in Peninsular Malaysia. Mitochondrial COI and 16S sequencing revealed that the Malaysian population shared a single haplotype of both genes with the Singapore populations (500 km distant). This low genetic diversity could stem from a recent anthropogenic introduction, which brings into question the true native range of P. scutata and, coupled with poorly resolved taxonomy of the genus, necessitates a reassessment of its IUCN Red List status. Introduced populations pose a dilemma, and the lack of genetic diversity is of concern in light of Pila decline throughout South-east Asia. Our results highlight that conservation management of P. scutata and its congeners must therefore be better informed by greater taxonomic resolution and more comprehensive investigations of their ecology, both in native and introduced ranges.
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Mueck K, Deaton LE, Lee A, Guilbeaux T. Physiology of the Apple Snail Pomacea maculata: Aestivation and Overland Dispersal. THE BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN 2018; 235:43-51. [PMID: 30160996 DOI: 10.1086/698817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Apple snails, in the genus Pomacea, have gained considerable notoriety for their impact on invaded habitats. Louisiana is currently under invasion by Pomacea maculata, which represents a potential threat to the state's valuable plants and cash crops. Insight into the physiology of the invasive snail may assist in developing control measures and enhance our understanding of the processes of adaptation and coevolution that accompany introductions. This paper addresses the capacity, extent, and means by which aquatic apple snails in Louisiana tolerate aerial exposure, as well as the factors that contribute to desiccation tolerance in P. maculata. Invasive P. maculata in Louisiana survived about 10 months of aestivation before 50% mortality was incurred, during which body mass was reduced by only about 30%; mortality and loss of body mass were positively correlated during aestivation. Size affects the loss of body mass in snails under 20 grams. Relative humidity interfered with the induction of aestivation, but it did not significantly affect the loss of body mass. Invasive apple snails in Louisiana also demonstrated the inclination and ability to sustain travel for at least three hours over dry land, at a rate of two meters per hour. The results of this study show that P. maculata is well adapted for survival in the absence of water. The ability to sustain travel over land and to endure long periods of aerial exposure suggests that the dry-down of infested bodies of water would not significantly impact populations of P. maculata in Louisiana.
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Cadierno MP, Saveanu L, Dreon MS, Martín PR, Heras H. Biosynthesis in the Albumen Gland-Capsule Gland Complex Limits Reproductive Effort in the Invasive Apple Snail Pomacea canaliculata. THE BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN 2018; 235:1-11. [PMID: 30160995 DOI: 10.1086/699200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
High fecundity often contributes to successful invasives. In molluscs, this may be facilitated by the albumen gland-capsule gland complex, which in gastropods secretes the egg perivitelline fluid that nourishes and protects embryos. The biochemistry of the albumen gland-capsule gland complex and its relationship with fecundity remain largely unknown. We addressed these issues in Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck, 1822), a highly invasive gastropod whose fecundity and reproductive effort exceed those of ecologically similar gastropods. We evaluated the dynamics of its major secretion compounds (calcium, polysaccharides, and total proteins) as well as the gene expression and stored levels of perivitellins during key moments of the reproductive cycle, that is, before and after first copulation and at low, medium, and high reproductive output. Copulation and first oviposition do not trigger the onset of albumen gland-capsule gland complex biosynthesis. On the contrary, soon after an intermediate reproductive effort, genes encoding perivitellins overexpressed. A high reproductive effort caused a decrease in all albumen gland-capsule gland complex secretion components. Right after a high reproductive output, the albumen gland-capsule gland complex restored the main secretion components, and calcium recovered baseline reserves; but proteins and polysaccharides did not. These metabolic changes in the albumen gland-capsule gland complex after multiple ovipositions were reflected in a reduction in egg mass but did not compromise egg quality. At the end of the cycle, egg dry weight almost doubled the initial albumen gland-capsule gland complex weight. Results indicate that albumen gland-capsule gland complex biosynthesis limits a constantly high reproductive output. Therefore, lowering fecundity by targeting biosynthesis could effectively reduce the rate of this species' spread.
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Key Words
- AC, after copulation
- ACTB, β-actin
- AFO, after first ovipositon
- AFP, after first pause in oviposition
- AG, albumen gland
- AG-CG, albumen gland-capsule gland complex
- ARO, after repeated ovipositions
- BC, before copulation
- BM, before maturity
- CG, capsule gland
- GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
- NRT, no-retrotranscription control
- NTC, no-template control
- PVF, perivitelline fluid
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The future of hyperdiverse tropical ecosystems. Nature 2018; 559:517-526. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0301-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 294] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Kusuma YWC, Rembold K, Tjitrosoedirdjo SS, Kreft H. Tropical rainforest conversion and land use intensification reduce understorey plant phylogenetic diversity. J Appl Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yayan Wahyu C. Kusuma
- Biodiversity, Macroecology & Biogeography; University of Goettingen; Göttingen Germany
| | - Katja Rembold
- Biodiversity, Macroecology & Biogeography; University of Goettingen; Göttingen Germany
| | | | - Holger Kreft
- Biodiversity, Macroecology & Biogeography; University of Goettingen; Göttingen Germany
- Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use; University of Goettingen; Göttingen Germany
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Rama Rao S, Liew TS, Yow YY, Ratnayeke S. Cryptic diversity: Two morphologically similar species of invasive apple snail in Peninsular Malaysia. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196582. [PMID: 29734361 PMCID: PMC5937749 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive snails in the genus Pomacea have spread across Southeast Asia including Peninsular Malaysia. Their effects on natural and agricultural wetlands are appreciable, but species-specific effects are less clear because of morphological similarity among the species. Our objective was to establish diagnostic characteristics of Pomacea species in Malaysia using genetic and morphological criteria. The mitochondrial COI gene of 52 adult snails from eight localities in Peninsular Malaysia was amplified, sequenced, and analysed to verify species and phylogenetic relationships. Shells were compared using geometric morphometric and covariance analyses. Two monophyletic taxa, P. canaliculata and P. maculata, occurred in our samples. The mean ratio of shell height: aperture height (P = 0.042) and shell height: shell width (P = 0.007) was smaller in P. maculata. P. maculata co-occurred with P. canaliculata in five localities, but samples from three localities contained only P. canaliculata. This study is the first to confirm the presence of two of the most invasive species of Pomacea in Peninsular Malaysia using a molecular technique. P. canaliculata appears to be the more widespread species. Despite statistical differences, both quantitative and qualitative morphological characteristics demonstrated much interspecific overlap and intraspecific variability; thus, shell morphology alone cannot reliably verify species identity. Molecular techniques for distinguishing between these two highly invasive Pomacea species are needed to understand their specific ecological niches and to develop effective protocols for their management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suganiya Rama Rao
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Thor-Seng Liew
- Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Yoon-Yen Yow
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Shyamala Ratnayeke
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Selangor, Malaysia
- * E-mail:
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Jacob J, Buckle A. Use of Anticoagulant Rodenticides in Different Applications Around the World. EMERGING TOPICS IN ECOTOXICOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-64377-9_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Xu Y, Li AJ, Li K, Qin J, Li H. Effects of glyphosate-based herbicides on survival, development and growth of invasive snail (Pomacea canaliculata). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 193:136-143. [PMID: 29078071 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study tests the hypotheses that whether environmental relevance of glyphosate would help control spread of the invasive snail Pomacea canaliculata, or benefit its population growth worldwide. Our results showed that glyphosate induced acute toxicity to the snail only at high concentrations (96h LC50 at 175mg/L) unlikely to occur in the environment. Long-term exposures to glyphosate at sublethal levels (20 and 120mg/L) caused inhibition of food intake, limitation of growth performance and alterations in metabolic profiles of the snail. It is worth noting that glyphosate at 2mg/L benefited growth performance in P. canaliculata. Chronic exposures of glyphosate significantly enhanced overall metabolic rate and altered catabolism from protein to carbohydrate/lipid mode. Cellular responses in enzyme activities showed that the exposed snails could increase tolerance by their defense system against glyphosate-induced oxidative stress, and adjustment of metabolism to mitigate energy crisis. Our study displayed that sublethal concentrations of glyphosate might be helpful in control of the invasive species by food intake, growth performance and metabolic interruption; whether environmental relevance of glyphosate (≤2mg/L) benefits population growth of P. canaliculata is still inconclusive, which requires further field study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanggui Xu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Agroecology and Rural Environment of Guangzhou Regular Higher Education Institutions, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Adela Jing Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Agroecology and Rural Environment of Guangzhou Regular Higher Education Institutions, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Kaibin Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fish Breeding & Cultivation, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China
| | - Junhao Qin
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Agroecology and Rural Environment of Guangzhou Regular Higher Education Institutions, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Huashou Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Agroecology and Rural Environment of Guangzhou Regular Higher Education Institutions, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Gilioli G, Pasquali S, Martín PR, Carlsson N, Mariani L. A temperature-dependent physiologically based model for the invasive apple snail Pomacea canaliculata. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2017; 61:1899-1911. [PMID: 28540491 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-017-1376-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In order to set priorities in management of costly and ecosystem-damaging species, policymakers and managers need accurate predictions not only about where a specific invader may establish but also about its potential abundance at different geographical scales. This is because density or biomass per unit area of an invasive species is a key predictor of the magnitude of environmental and economic impact in the invaded habitat. Here, we present a physiologically based demographic model describing and explaining the population dynamics of a widespread freshwater invader, the golden apple snail Pomacea canaliculata, which is causing severe environmental and economic impacts in invaded wetlands and rice fields in Southeastern Asia and has also been introduced to North America and Europe. The model is based on bio-demographic functions for mortality, development and fecundity rates that are driven by water temperature for the aquatic stages (juveniles and adults) and by air temperature for the aerial egg masses. Our model has been validated against data on the current distribution in South America and Japan, and produced consistent and realistic patterns of reproduction, growth, maturation and mortality under different scenarios in accordance to what is known from real P. canaliculata populations in different regions and climates. The model further shows that P. canaliculata will use two different reproductive strategies (semelparity and iteroparity) within the potential area of establishment, a plasticity that may explain the high invasiveness of this species across a wide range of habitats with different climates. Our results also suggest that densities, and thus the magnitude of environmental and agricultural damage, will be largely different in locations with distinct climatic regimes within the potential area of establishment. We suggest that physiologically based demographic modelling of invasive species will become a valuable tool for invasive species managers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianni Gilioli
- DMMT, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Pablo R Martín
- INBIOSUR (UNS-CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Nils Carlsson
- Environmental Department, The County Administrative Board, 205 1, Malmo, Sweden
| | - Luigi Mariani
- Lombard Museum of Agricultural History, Via Celoria, 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
- DiSAA, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
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von Rintelen K, Arida E, Häuser C. A review of biodiversity-related issues and challenges in megadiverse Indonesia and other Southeast Asian countries. RESEARCH IDEAS AND OUTCOMES 2017. [DOI: 10.3897/rio.3.e20860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Indonesia is one of the ten member states of the economically and politically diverse regional organization of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). Southeast Asia comprises four of the 25 global biodiversity hotspots, three of the 17 global megadiverse countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines) and the most diverse coral reefs in the world. All member states are Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). We discuss ASEAN-wide joint activities on nature conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity that do not stop at national borders.
The Indonesian archipelago comprises two of the world’s biodiversity hotspots (areas with a high degree of endemic species that are highly threatened by loss of habitats): Its insular character and complex geological history led to the evolution of a megadiverse fauna and flora on the global scale. The importance of biodiversity, e.g., in traditional medicine and agriculture, is deep-rooted in Indonesian society. Modern biodiversity pathways include new fields of application in technology, pharmacy and economy along with environmental policies. This development occurred not only in Indonesia but also in other biodiversity-rich tropical countries.
This review summarizes and discusses the unique biodiversity of Indonesia from different angles (science, society, environmental policy, and bioeconomy) and brings it into context within the ASEAN region. The preconditions of each member state for biodiversity-related activities are rather diverse. Much was done to improve the conditions for biodiversity research and use in several countries, primarily in those with a promising economic development. However, ASEAN as a whole still has further potential for more joint initiatives. Especially Indonesia has the highest biodiversity potential within the ASEAN and beyond, but likewise the highest risk of biodiversity loss.
We conclude that Indonesia has not taken full advantage of this potential yet. A growing national interest in local biodiversity as a natural resource is a welcome development on one hand, but the risk of too many restrictions for, e.g., the science community (high level of bureaucracy at all project stages from planning phase, visa procedures, field work permits, scientific exchange and project managment issues, governmental budget cuts for basic research and restricted access to international literature for Indonesian researchers) does significantly hamper the internationalization of biodiversity-related science. In the long run, Indonesia has to find a balance between protectionism and sensible access to its national biodiversity to tackle global challenges in biodiversity conservation, health issues, food security, and climate change.
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Lei J, Chen L, Li H. Using ensemble forecasting to examine how climate change promotes worldwide invasion of the golden apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata). ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2017; 189:404. [PMID: 28726175 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-017-6124-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The golden apple snail, Pomacea canaliculata, is one of the world's 100 most notorious invasive alien species. Knowledge about the critical climate variables that limit the global distribution range of the snail, as well as predictions of future species distributions under climate change, is very helpful for management of snail. In this study, the climatically suitable habitats for this kind of snail under current climate conditions were modeled by biomod2 and projected to eight future climate scenarios (2 time periods [2050s, 2080s] × 2 Representative Concentration Pathways [RCPs; RCP2.6, RCP8.5] × 2 atmospheric General Circulation Models [GCMs; Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis (CCCMA), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO)]). The results suggest that the lowest temperature of coldest month is the critical climate variable to restrict the global distribution range of P. canaliculata. It is predicted that the climatically suitable habitats for P. canaliculata will increase by an average of 3.3% in 2050s and 3.8% in 2080s for the RCP2.6 scenario, while they increase by an average of 8.7% in 2050s and 10.3% in 2080s for the RCP8.5 scenario. In general, climate change in the future may promote the global invasion of the invasive species. Therefore, it is necessary to take proactive measures to monitor and preclude the invasion of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juncheng Lei
- College of Life Science and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing, 210013, China
- School of Geography and Planning, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Lian Chen
- College of Life Science and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing, 210013, China.
| | - Hong Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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Truong TTA, Hardy GESJ, Andrew ME. Contemporary Remotely Sensed Data Products Refine Invasive Plants Risk Mapping in Data Poor Regions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:770. [PMID: 28555147 PMCID: PMC5430062 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Invasive weeds are a serious problem worldwide, threatening biodiversity and damaging economies. Modeling potential distributions of invasive weeds can prioritize locations for monitoring and control efforts, increasing management efficiency. Forecasts of invasion risk at regional to continental scales are enabled by readily available downscaled climate surfaces together with an increasing number of digitized and georeferenced species occurrence records and species distribution modeling techniques. However, predictions at a finer scale and in landscapes with less topographic variation may require predictors that capture biotic processes and local abiotic conditions. Contemporary remote sensing (RS) data can enhance predictions by providing a range of spatial environmental data products at fine scale beyond climatic variables only. In this study, we used the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and empirical maximum entropy (MaxEnt) models to model the potential distributions of 14 invasive plant species across Southeast Asia (SEA), selected from regional and Vietnam's lists of priority weeds. Spatial environmental variables used to map invasion risk included bioclimatic layers and recent representations of global land cover, vegetation productivity (GPP), and soil properties developed from Earth observation data. Results showed that combining climate and RS data reduced predicted areas of suitable habitat compared with models using climate or RS data only, with no loss in model accuracy. However, contributions of RS variables were relatively limited, in part due to uncertainties in the land cover data. We strongly encourage greater adoption of quantitative remotely sensed estimates of ecosystem structure and function for habitat suitability modeling. Through comprehensive maps of overall predicted area and diversity of invasive species, we found that among lifeforms (herb, shrub, and vine), shrub species have higher potential invasion risk in SEA. Native invasive species, which are often overlooked in weed risk assessment, may be as serious a problem as non-native invasive species. Awareness of invasive weeds and their environmental impacts is still nascent in SEA and information is scarce. Freely available global spatial datasets, not least those provided by Earth observation programs, and the results of studies such as this one provide critical information that enables strategic management of environmental threats such as invasive species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuyet T. A. Truong
- Environmental and Conservation Sciences, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, PerthWA, Australia
- Faculty of Environment, Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and ForestryThai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | - Giles E. St. J. Hardy
- Environmental and Conservation Sciences, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, PerthWA, Australia
| | - Margaret E. Andrew
- Environmental and Conservation Sciences, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, PerthWA, Australia
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Lim CS, Leong YL, Tan KS. Managing the risk of non-indigenous marine species transfer in Singapore using a study of vessel movement. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 115:332-344. [PMID: 28012739 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Shipping is recognized as a major vector for the global transfer of non-indigenous marine species (NIMS). As a major transshipment port, Singapore can minimize the risk of NIMS transfer by implementing pragmatic management strategies, such as using vessel movement information to assess the risk of NIMS transfer. Findings from vessel movement information in a major port terminal in Singapore showed that vessel residence time is short, with >92% of vessels spending seven days or less. There was little variation in vessel residence time to vessel arrival numbers, while the top three last ports of call were found to be from regional ports. Using two key features obtained from vessel movement records, 1) vessel residence time and 2) biogeographic origin of the vessels' last port of call, a simple risk assessment matrix was constructed and applied to assess the level of risk of NIMS transfer by transiting vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin Sing Lim
- Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, 18 Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119227, Singapore.
| | - Yi Lin Leong
- Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, 18 Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119227, Singapore
| | - Koh Siang Tan
- Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, 18 Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119227, Singapore
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice C. Hughes
- Centre for Integrative Conservation; Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Menglun Jinghong 666303 China
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44
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Hoffmann BD, Broadhurst LM. The economic cost of managing invasive species in Australia. NEOBIOTA 2016. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.31.6960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Tamburi NE, Martín PR. Effects of absolute fasting on reproduction and survival of the invasive apple snail Pomacea canaliculata in its native range. Curr Zool 2016; 62:369-375. [PMID: 29491925 PMCID: PMC5804276 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zow023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
A South American freshwater gastropod, the apple snail Pomacea canaliculata, has become a driver of ecosystemic changes in wetlands and an important rice pest after its introduction to various parts of the world, mainly Asia. The objective of this study was to study the effect of an abrupt interruption in food availability in the short term (up to 4 weeks) and long term (up to 8 months) on survival and reproductive activity. The main results indicate that short-term fasting mainly affects the survival of males, but only when they are raised together with females, probably due to a greater mate-searching activity that increases mortality in the individuals with lower reserves. The number of copulating snails or egg-laying females shows an abrupt drop when fasting and a rapid recovery after the food supply is restored. The strategy of discontinuing reproductive activity prioritizes energy conservation for the survival of the females. Interpopulation variation in resistance to starvation was observed in adults, which can be explained to some extent by the food availability that they experienced in their natural environment. No interpopulational differences in survival were seen in hatchlings. The mean maximum values of survival under starvation were 52.6 days in hatchlings and the 3.3% of adults survive over than 200 days, which may be a relevant trait in dispersal and establishment in new habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás E Tamburi
- INBIOSUR (UNS-CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Sur, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, San Juan 670, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Pablo R Martín
- INBIOSUR (UNS-CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Sur, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, San Juan 670, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
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Soliman T, MacLeod A, Mumford JD, Nghiem TPL, Tan HTW, Papworth SK, Corlett RT, Carrasco LR. A Regional Decision Support Scheme for Pest Risk Analysis in Southeast Asia. RISK ANALYSIS : AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE SOCIETY FOR RISK ANALYSIS 2016; 36:904-913. [PMID: 26919665 DOI: 10.1111/risa.12477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A key justification to support plant health regulations is the ability of quarantine services to conduct pest risk analyses (PRA). Despite the supranational nature of biological invasions and the close proximity and connectivity of Southeast Asian countries, PRAs are conducted at the national level. Furthermore, some countries have limited experience in the development of PRAs, which may result in inadequate phytosanitary responses that put their plant resources at risk to pests vectored via international trade. We review existing decision support schemes for PRAs and, following international standards for phytosanitary measures, propose new methods that adapt existing practices to suit the unique characteristics of Southeast Asia. Using a formal written expert elicitation survey, a panel of regional scientific experts was asked to identify and rate unique traits of Southeast Asia with respect to PRA. Subsequently, an expert elicitation workshop with plant protection officials was conducted to verify the potential applicability of the developed methods. Rich biodiversity, shortage of trained personnel, social vulnerability, tropical climate, agriculture-dependent economies, high rates of land-use change, and difficulties in implementing risk management options were identified as challenging Southeast Asian traits. The developed methods emphasize local Southeast Asian conditions and could help support authorities responsible for carrying out PRAs within the region. These methods could also facilitate the creation of other PRA schemes in low- and middle-income tropical countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Soliman
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - A MacLeod
- Ofice of the UK Chief Plant Health Officer, Defra, Sand Hutton, York, UK
| | - J D Mumford
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - T P L Nghiem
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - H T W Tan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - S K Papworth
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - R T Corlett
- Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan, China
| | - L R Carrasco
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
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An ecosystem-service approach to evaluate the role of non-native species in urbanized wetlands. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:3926-43. [PMID: 25860870 PMCID: PMC4410225 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120403926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Natural wetlands have been increasingly transformed into urbanized ecosystems commonly colonized by stress-tolerant non-native species. Although non-native species present numerous threats to natural ecosystems, some could provide important benefits to urbanized ecosystems. This study investigated the extent of colonization by non-native fish and bird species of three urbanized wetlands in subtropical Taiwan. Using literature data the role of each non-native species in the urbanized wetland was evaluated by their effect (benefits/damages) on ecosystem services (ES) based on their ecological traits. Our sites were seriously colonized by non-native fishes (39%–100%), but <3% by non-native birds. Although most non-native species could damage ES regulation (disease control and wastewater purification), some could be beneficial to the urbanized wetland ES. Our results indicated the importance of non-native fishes in supporting ES by serving as food source to fish-eating waterbirds (native, and migratory species) due to their high abundance, particularly for Oreochromis spp. However, all non-native birds are regarded as “harmful” species causing important ecosystem disservices, and thus eradication of these bird-invaders from urban wetlands would be needed. This simple framework for role evaluation of non-native species represents a holistic and transferable approach to facilitate decision making on management priority of non-native species in urbanized wetlands.
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Blackburn TM, Essl F, Evans T, Hulme PE, Jeschke JM, Kühn I, Kumschick S, Marková Z, Mrugała A, Nentwig W, Pergl J, Pyšek P, Rabitsch W, Ricciardi A, Richardson DM, Sendek A, Vilà M, Wilson JRU, Winter M, Genovesi P, Bacher S. A unified classification of alien species based on the magnitude of their environmental impacts. PLoS Biol 2014; 12:e1001850. [PMID: 24802715 PMCID: PMC4011680 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 359] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a method for categorising and comparing alien or invasive species in terms of how damaging they are to the environment, that can be applied across all taxa, scales, and impact metrics. Species moved by human activities beyond the limits of their native geographic ranges into areas in which they do not naturally occur (termed aliens) can cause a broad range of significant changes to recipient ecosystems; however, their impacts vary greatly across species and the ecosystems into which they are introduced. There is therefore a critical need for a standardised method to evaluate, compare, and eventually predict the magnitudes of these different impacts. Here, we propose a straightforward system for classifying alien species according to the magnitude of their environmental impacts, based on the mechanisms of impact used to code species in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Global Invasive Species Database, which are presented here for the first time. The classification system uses five semi-quantitative scenarios describing impacts under each mechanism to assign species to different levels of impact—ranging from Minimal to Massive—with assignment corresponding to the highest level of deleterious impact associated with any of the mechanisms. The scheme also includes categories for species that are Not Evaluated, have No Alien Population, or are Data Deficient, and a method for assigning uncertainty to all the classifications. We show how this classification system is applicable at different levels of ecological complexity and different spatial and temporal scales, and embraces existing impact metrics. In fact, the scheme is analogous to the already widely adopted and accepted Red List approach to categorising extinction risk, and so could conceivably be readily integrated with existing practices and policies in many regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim M. Blackburn
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, United Kingdom
- Distinguished Scientist Fellowship Program, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Environment Institute, School of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Franz Essl
- Department of Conservation Biology, Vegetation and Landscape Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Evans
- Imperial College London, Ascot, Berkshire, United Kingdom
| | - Philip E. Hulme
- The Bio-Protection Research Centre, Lincoln University, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan M. Jeschke
- Technische Universität München, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Restoration Ecology, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Ingolf Kühn
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Community Ecology, Halle, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sabrina Kumschick
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa
| | - Zuzana Marková
- Institute of Botany, Department of Invasion Ecology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Průhonice, Czech Republic
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Agata Mrugała
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Wolfgang Nentwig
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jan Pergl
- Institute of Botany, Department of Invasion Ecology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Pyšek
- Institute of Botany, Department of Invasion Ecology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Průhonice, Czech Republic
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Wolfgang Rabitsch
- Environment Agency Austria, Department of Biodiversity and Nature Conservation, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - David M. Richardson
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa
| | - Agnieszka Sendek
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Community Ecology, Halle, Germany
| | | | - John R. U. Wilson
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa
- South African National Biodiversity Institute, Kirstenbosch National Botanical Gardens, Claremont, South Africa
| | - Marten Winter
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Piero Genovesi
- ISPRA, Institute for Environmental Protection and Research and Chair IUCN SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group, Rome, Italy
| | - Sven Bacher
- Department of Biology, Unit Ecology & Evolution, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
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