1
|
Khrieba MO, Hegazy SK, Mustafa W, El-Haggar SM. Repurposing celecoxib as adjuvant therapy in patients with Parkinsonian disease: a new therapeutic dawn: randomized controlled pilot study. Inflammopharmacology 2024:10.1007/s10787-024-01567-z. [PMID: 39340691 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01567-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical presentations of Parkinson's disease (PD), a chronic neurodegenerative condition, include bradykinesia, hypokinesia, stiffness, resting tremor, and postural instability. Recently, neuroinflammation is involved in pathogenesis of PD. Application of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs captured attention to treat these neuroinflammation. AIM To investigate the possible effectiveness of celecoxib in patients with PD treated with conventional treatment. METHODS Sixty outpatients who fulfilled the inclusion requirements for PD were enrolled in this randomized, prospective, and controlled study. The patients were allocated into two groups at random (n = 30); the control group received standard PD treatment, consisting of levodopa/carbidopa, and the celecoxib group received standard PD treatment plus celecoxib. A neurologist evaluated each patient at the beginning of the treatment and after 6 months. Assessment of Unified Parkinson's disease rating scale (UPDRS) for each patient. Before and after treatment, α -synuclein (α-Syn), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), Toll like receptors-4 (TLR-4), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) and brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) were assessed. Paired and unpaired t tests were used to assess statistical significance within and between groups respectively. RESULTS The celecoxib group exhibited a significant and statistical reduction in the level of measured parameters by unpaired t test as followed: TLR-4 (p = 0.004), TNF-α (p = 0.042), and α-Syn (p = 0.004) apart from a significant increase in BDNF (p = 0.0005) and Nrf-2 (p = 0.004), in comparison with the control group. Also, UPDRS was significantly decreased in celecoxib group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Celecoxib could be a promising adjuvant therapy in managing patients with PD. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT05962957.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohannad O Khrieba
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University, New Damietta, Egypt.
| | - Sahar K Hegazy
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, El-Guiesh Street, El-Gharbia Government, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Wessam Mustafa
- Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Sahar M El-Haggar
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, El-Guiesh Street, El-Gharbia Government, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zyryanov SK, Baybulatova EA. [Current challenges for therapy of comorbid patients: a new look at celecoxib. A review]. TERAPEVT ARKH 2024; 96:531-542. [PMID: 38829816 DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2024.05.202769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
The use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for a wide range of diseases is increasing, in part due to an increasing elderly population. Elderly patients are more vulnerable to adverse drug reactions, including side effects and adverse effects of drug-drug interactions, often occurring in this category of patients due to multimorbidity and polypharmacy. One of the most popular NSAIDs in the world is celecoxib. It is a selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitor with 375 times more COX-2 inhibitory activity than COX-1. As a result, celecoxib has a better gastrointestinal tract safety profile than non-selective NSAIDs. Gastrointestinal tolerance is an essential factor that physicians should consider when selecting NSAIDs for elderly patients. Celecoxib can be used in a wide range of diseases of the musculoskeletal system and rheumatological diseases, for the treatment of acute pain in women with primary dysmenorrhea, etc. It is also increasingly used as part of a multimodal perioperative analgesia regimen. There is strong evidence that COX-2 is actively involved in the pathogenesis of ischemic brain damage, as well as in the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. NSAIDs are first-line therapy in the treatment of acute migraine attacks. Celecoxib is well tolerated in patients with risk factors for NSAID-associated nephropathy. It does not decrease the glomerular filtration rate in elderly patients and patients with chronic renal failure. Many meta-analyses and epidemiological studies have not confirmed the increased risk of cardiovascular events reported in previous clinical studies and have not shown an increased risk of cardiovascular events with celecoxib, irrespective of dose. COX-2 activation is one of the key factors contributing to obesity-related inflammation. Specific inhibition of COX-2 by celecoxib increases insulin sensitivity in overweight or obese patients. Combination therapies may be a promising new area of treatment for obesity and diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S K Zyryanov
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba
| | - E A Baybulatova
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen J, Gao Y, Liu N, Hai D, Wei W, Liu Y, Lan X, Jin X, Yu J, Ma L. Mechanism of NLRP3 Inflammasome in Epilepsy and Related Therapeutic Agents. Neuroscience 2024; 546:157-177. [PMID: 38574797 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Epilepsy is one of the most widespread and complex diseases in the central nervous system (CNS), affecting approximately 65 million people globally, an important factor resulting in neurological disability-adjusted life year (DALY) and progressive cognitive dysfunction. Medication is the most essential treatment. The currently used drugs have shown drug resistance in some patients and only control symptoms; the development of novel and more efficacious pharmacotherapy is imminent. Increasing evidence suggests neuroinflammation is involved in the occurrence and development of epilepsy, and high expression of NLRP3 inflammasome has been observed in the temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) brain tissue of patients and animal models. The inflammasome is a crucial cause of neuroinflammation by activating IL-1β and IL-18. Many preclinical studies have confirmed that regulating NLRP3 inflammasome pathway can prevent the development of epilepsy, reduce the severity of epilepsy, and play a neuroprotective role. Therefore, regulating NLRP3 inflammasome could be a potential target for epilepsy treatment. In summary, this review describes the priming and activation of inflammasome and its biological function in the progression of epilepsy. In addition, we reviewes the current pharmacological researches for epilepsy based on the regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome, aiming to provide a basis and reference for developing novel antiepileptic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Dongmei Hai
- Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xiaobing Lan
- Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xueqin Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Jianqiang Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Lin Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yugatama A, Huang YL, Hsu MJ, Lin JP, Chao FC, Lam JKW, Hsieh CM. Oral Delivery of Photopolymerizable Nanogels Loaded with Gemcitabine for Pancreatic Cancer Therapy: Formulation Design, and in vitro and in vivo Evaluations. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:3753-3772. [PMID: 38686338 PMCID: PMC11057685 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s443610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Gemcitabine (GEM) faces challenges of poor oral bioavailability and extensive first-pass metabolism. Currently, only injectable formulations are available for clinical use. Hence, there is an urgent demand for the development of advanced, efficacious, and user-friendly dosage forms to maintain its status as the primary treatment for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Nanogels (NGs) offer a novel oral drug delivery system, ideal for hydrophilic compounds like GEM. This study aims to develop NGs tailored for GEM delivery, with the goal of enhancing cellular uptake and gastrointestinal permeability for improved administration in PDAC patients. Methods We developed cross-linked NGs via photopolymerization of methacryloyl for drug delivery of GEM. We reveal characterization, cytotoxicity, and cellular uptake studies in Caco-2 and MIA PaCa-2 cells. In addition, studies of in vitro permeability and pharmacokinetics were carried out to evaluate the bioavailability of the drug. Results Our results show NGs, formed via photopolymerization of methacryloyl, had a spherical shape with a size of 233.91±7.75 nm. Gemcitabine-loaded NGs (NGs-GEM) with 5% GelMA exhibited efficient drug loading (particle size: 244.07±19.52 nm). In vitro drug release from NGs-GEM was slower at pH 1.2 than pH 6.8. Cellular uptake studies indicated significantly enhanced uptake in both MIA PaCa-2 and Caco-2 cells. While there was no significant difference in GEM's AUC and Cmax between NGs-GEM and free-GEM groups, NGs-GEM showed markedly lower dFdU content (10.07 hr∙μg/mL) compared to oral free-GEM (19.04 hr∙μg/mL) after oral administration (p<0.01), highlighting NGs' efficacy in impeding rapid drug metabolism and enhancing retention. Conclusion In summary, NGs enhance cellular uptake, inhibit rapid metabolic degradation of GEM, and prolong retention after oral administration. These findings suggest NGs-GEM as a promising candidate for clinical use in oral pancreatic cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adi Yugatama
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia
| | - Ya-Lin Huang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jen Hsu
- Department of Pharmacology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Pei Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Ching Chao
- CNRS UMR 8612, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, 91400, France
| | - Jenny K W Lam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University College, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Chien-Ming Hsieh
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University College, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lin GC, Friedl HP, Grabner S, Gerhartl A, Neuhaus W. Transport of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs across an Oral Mucosa Epithelium In Vitro Model. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:543. [PMID: 38675204 PMCID: PMC11054638 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are one of the most prescribed drugs to treat pain or fever. However, oral administration of NSAIDs is frequently associated with adverse effects due to their inhibitory effect on the constitutively expressed cyclooxygenase enzyme 1 (COX-1) in, for instance, the gastrointestinal tract. A systemic delivery, such as a buccal delivery, of NSAIDs would be beneficial and additionally has the advantage of a non-invasive administration route, especially favourable for children or the elderly. To investigate the transport of NSAIDs across the buccal mucosa and determine their potential for buccal therapeutic usage, celecoxib, diclofenac, ibuprofen and piroxicam were tested using an established oral mucosa Transwell® model based on human cell line TR146. Carboxyfluorescein and diazepam were applied as internal paracellular and transcellular marker molecule, respectively. Calculated permeability coefficients revealed a transport ranking of ibuprofen > piroxicam > diclofenac > celecoxib. Transporter protein inhibitor verapamil increased the permeability for ibuprofen, piroxicam and celecoxib, whereas probenecid increased the permeability for all tested NSAIDs. Furthermore, influence of local inflammation of the buccal mucosa on the transport of NSAIDs was mimicked by treating cells with a cytokine mixture of TNF-α, IL-1ß and IFN-γ followed by transport studies with ibuprofen (+ probenecid). Cellular response to pro-inflammatory stimuli was confirmed by upregulation of cytokine targets at the mRNA level, increased secreted cytokine levels and a significant decrease in the paracellular barrier. Permeability of ibuprofen was increased across cell layers treated with cytokines, while addition of probenecid increased permeability of ibuprofen in controls, but not across cell layers treated with cytokines. In summary, the suitability of the in vitro oral mucosa model to measure NSAID transport rankings was demonstrated, and the involvement of transporter proteins was confirmed; an inflammation model was established, and increased NSAID transport upon inflammation was measured.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grace C. Lin
- Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, 1210 Vienna, Austria (A.G.)
| | - Heinz-Peter Friedl
- Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, 1210 Vienna, Austria (A.G.)
| | - Sarah Grabner
- Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, 1210 Vienna, Austria (A.G.)
| | - Anna Gerhartl
- Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, 1210 Vienna, Austria (A.G.)
| | - Winfried Neuhaus
- Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, 1210 Vienna, Austria (A.G.)
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Danube Private University, 3500 Krems, Austria
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tepe T, Satar M, Ozdemir M, Yildizdas HY, Ozlü F, Erdogan S, Toyran T, Akillioglu K, Köse S, Avci C. Long-term effect of indomethacin on a rat model of neonatal hypoxia ischemic encephalopathy through behavioral tests. Int J Dev Neurosci 2024; 84:22-34. [PMID: 37842754 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many medical experts prescribe indomethacin because of its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, tocolytic, and duct closure effects. This article presents an evaluation of the enduring impact of indomethacin on neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic (HI) insults, employing behavioral tests as a method of assessment. METHODS The experiment was conducted on male Wistar-Albino rats weighing 10 to 15 g, aged between seven and 10 days. The rats were divided into three groups using a random allocation method as follows: hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) group, HIE treated with indomethacin group (INDO), and Sham group. A left common carotid artery ligation and hypoxia model was applied in both the HIE and INDO groups. The INDO group was treated with 4 mg/kg intraperitoneal indomethacin every 24 h for 3 days, while the Sham and HIE groups were given dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). After 72 h, five rats from each group were sacrificed and brain tissue samples were stained with 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TCC) for infarct-volume measurement. Seven rats from each group were taken to the behavioral laboratory in the sixth postnatal week (PND42) and six from each group were sacrificed for the Evans blue (EB) experiment for blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity evaluation. The open field (OF) test and Morris water maze (MWM) tests were performed. After behavioral tests, brain tissue were obtained and stained with TCC to assess the infarct volume. RESULTS The significant increase in the time spent in the central area and the frequency of crossing to the center in the INDO group compared with the HIE group indicated that indomethacin decreased anxiety-like behavior (p < 0.001, p < 0.05). However, the MWM test revealed that indomethacin did not positively affect learning and memory performance (p > 0.05). Additionally, indomethacin significantly reduced infarct volume and neuropathological grading in adolescence (p < 0.05), although not statistically significant in the early period. Moreover, the EB experiment demonstrated that indomethacin effectively increased BBB integrity (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In this study, we have shown for the first time that indomethacin treatment can reduce levels of anxiety-like behavior and enhance levels of exploratory behavior in a neonatal rat model with HIE. It is necessary to determine whether nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, such as indomethacin, should be used for adjuvant therapy in newborns with HIE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tugay Tepe
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
- Department of Physiology, Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Satar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ozdemir
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
| | - Hacer Yapicioglu Yildizdas
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
| | - Ferda Ozlü
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
| | - Seyda Erdogan
- Department of Pathology, Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
| | - Tugba Toyran
- Department of Pathology, Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
| | - Kübra Akillioglu
- Department of Physiology, Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
| | - Seda Köse
- Department of Physiology, Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
| | - Cagri Avci
- Department of Virology, Cukurova University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Adana, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen HC, Chang WC, Chuang JY, Chang KY, Liou JP, Hsu TI. The complex role of eicosanoids in the brain: Implications for brain tumor development and therapeutic opportunities. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188957. [PMID: 37488051 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Eicosanoids are a family of bioactive lipids that play diverse roles in the normal physiology of the brain, including neuronal signaling, synaptic plasticity, and regulation of cerebral blood flow. In the brain, eicosanoids are primarily derived from arachidonic acid, which is released from membrane phospholipids in response to various stimuli. Prostaglandins (PGs) and leukotrienes (LTs) are the major classes of eicosanoids produced in the brain, and they act through specific receptors to modulate various physiological and pathological processes. Dysregulation of eicosanoids has been implicated in the development and progression of brain tumors, including glioblastoma (GBM), meningioma, and medulloblastoma. Eicosanoids have been shown to promote tumor cell proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and resistance to therapy. Particularly, PGE2 promotes GBM cell survival and resistance to chemotherapy. Understanding the role of eicosanoids in brain tumors can inform the development of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as therapeutic strategies that target eicosanoid pathways. Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and 5-lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitors have been shown to reduce the growth and invasiveness of GBM cells. Moreover, eicosanoids have immunomodulatory effects that can impact the immune response to brain tumors. Understanding the role of eicosanoids in the immune response to brain tumors can inform the development of immunotherapy approaches for these tumors. Overall, the complex role of eicosanoids in the brain underscores the importance of further research to elucidate their functions in normal physiology and disease, and highlights the potential for developing novel therapeutic approaches that target eicosanoid pathways in brain tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsien-Chung Chen
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 110, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chang Chang
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Ying Chuang
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 110, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; International Master Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei 110, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Kwang-Yu Chang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Ping Liou
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center for Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-I Hsu
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 110, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; International Master Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei 110, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Vervust W, Zhang DT, van Erp TS, Ghysels A. Path sampling with memory reduction and replica exchange to reach long permeation timescales. Biophys J 2023; 122:2960-2972. [PMID: 36809877 PMCID: PMC10398259 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Assessing kinetics in biological processes with molecular dynamics simulations remains a computational and conceptual challenge, given the large time and length scales involved. For kinetic transport of biochemical compounds or drug molecules, the permeability through the phospholipid membranes is a key kinetic property, but long timescales are hindering the accurate computation. Technological advances in high-performance computing therefore need to be accompanied by theoretical and methodological developments. In this contribution, the replica exchange transition interface sampling (RETIS) methodology is shown to give perspective toward observing longer permeation pathways. It is first reviewed how RETIS, a path-sampling methodology that gives in principle exact kinetics, can be used to compute membrane permeability. Next, recent and current developments in three RETIS aspects are discussed: several new Monte Carlo moves in the path-sampling algorithm, memory reduction by reducing pathlengths, and exploitation of parallel computing with CPU-imbalanced replicas. Finally, the memory reduction presenting a new replica exchange implementation, coined REPPTIS, is showcased with a permeant needing to pass a membrane with two permeation channels, either representing an entropic or energetic barrier. The REPPTIS results showed clearly that inclusion of some memory and enhancing ergodic sampling via replica exchange moves are both necessary to obtain correct permeability estimates. In an additional example, ibuprofen permeation through a dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine membrane was modeled. REPPTIS succeeded in estimating the permeability of this amphiphilic drug molecule with metastable states along the permeation pathway. In conclusion, the presented methodological advances allow for deeper insight into membrane biophysics even if the pathways are slow, as RETIS and REPPTIS push the permeability calculations to longer timescales.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wouter Vervust
- IBiTech - Biommeda Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Daniel T Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Titus S van Erp
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - An Ghysels
- IBiTech - Biommeda Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Arab HH, Khames A, Mohammad MK, Alsufyani SE, Ashour AM, El-Sheikh AAK, Darwish HW, Gad AM. Meloxicam Targets COX-2/NOX1/NOX4/Nrf2 Axis to Ameliorate the Depression-like Neuropathology Induced by Chronic Restraint Stress in Rats. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:848. [PMID: 37375795 DOI: 10.3390/ph16060848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Meloxicam has shown significant neuroprotection in experimental models of stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. However, the potential of meloxicam to treat depression-like neuropathology in a chronic restraint stress (CRS) model and the associated molecular changes has been insufficiently explored. The current work aimed to explore the potential neuroprotective actions of meloxicam against CRS-evoked depression in rats. In the current experiments, animals received meloxicam (10 mg/kg/day; i.p.) for 21 days, and CRS was instigated by restraining the animals for 6 h/day during the same period. The sucrose preference test and the forced swimming test were used to explore the depression-linked anhedonia/despair, whereas the open-field test examined the animals' locomotor activity. The current findings revealed that CRS elicited typical depression behavioral anomalies in the animals, including anhedonia, despair, and diminished locomotor activity; these findings were reinforced with Z-normalization scores. These observations were corroborated by brain histopathological changes and increased damage scores. In CRS-exposed animals, serum corticosterone spiked, and the hippocampi revealed decreased monoamine neurotransmitter levels (norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine). Mechanistically, neuroinflammation was evident in stressed animals, as shown by elevated hippocampal TNF-α and IL-1β cytokines. Moreover, the hippocampal COX-2/PGE2 axis was activated in the rats, confirming the escalation of neuroinflammatory events. In tandem, the pro-oxidant milieu was augmented, as seen by increased hippocampal 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine alongside increased protein expression of the pro-oxidants NOX1 and NOX4 in the hippocampi of stressed animals. In addition, the antioxidant/cytoprotective Nrf2/HO-1 cascade was dampened, as evidenced by the lowered hippocampal protein expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 signals. Interestingly, meloxicam administration mitigated depression manifestations and brain histopathological anomalies in the rats. These beneficial effects were elicited by meloxicam's ability to counteract the corticosterone spike and hippocampal neurotransmitter decrease while also inhibiting COX-2/NOX1/NOX4 axis and stimulating Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant pathway. Together, the present findings prove the neuroprotective/antidepressant actions of meloxicam in CRS-induced depression by ameliorating hippocampal neuroinflammation and pro-oxidant changes, likely by modulating COX-2/NOX1/NOX4/Nrf2 axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hany H Arab
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Ali Khames
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag 82511, Egypt
| | - Mostafa K Mohammad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sphinx University, New Assiut City 71515, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Shuruq E Alsufyani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Ashour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al Qura University, P.O. Box 13578, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azza A K El-Sheikh
- Basic Health Sciences Department, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hany W Darwish
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amany M Gad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, Kantara Branch, Ismailia 41636, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology, Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA)-Formerly NODCAR, Giza 12654, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jiang H, Zhang Y, Wang ZZ, Chen NH. Connexin 43: An Interface Connecting Neuroinflammation to Depression. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041820. [PMID: 36838809 PMCID: PMC9961786 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a leading chronic mental illness worldwide, characterized by anhedonia, pessimism and even suicidal thoughts. Connexin 43 (Cx43), mainly distributed in astrocytes of the brain, is by far the most widely and ubiquitously expressed connexin in almost all vital organs. Cx43 forms gap junction channels in the brain, which mediate energy exchange and effectively maintain physiological homeostasis. Increasing evidence suggests the crucial role of Cx43 in the pathogenesis of MDD. Neuroinflammation is one of the most common pathological features of the central nervous system dysfunctions. Inflammatory factors are abnormally elevated in patients with depression and are closely related to nearly all links of depression. After activating the inflammatory pathway in the brain, the release and uptake of glutamate and adenosine triphosphate, through Cx43 in the synaptic cleft, would be affected. In this review, we have summarized the association between Cx43 and neuroinflammation, the cornerstones linking inflammation and depression, and Cx43 abnormalities in depression. We also discuss the significant association of Cx43 in inflammation and depression, which will help to explore new antidepressant drug targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical, Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical, Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Correspondence: (Z.-Z.W.); (N.-H.C.); Tel.: +86-10-6316-5182 (Z.-Z.W.); +86-10-63165177 (N.-H.C.)
| | - Nai-Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical, Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Correspondence: (Z.-Z.W.); (N.-H.C.); Tel.: +86-10-6316-5182 (Z.-Z.W.); +86-10-63165177 (N.-H.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Meloxicam Inhibits Apoptosis in Neurons by Deactivating Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily Member 25, Leading to the Decreased Cleavage of DNA Fragmentation Factor Subunit α in Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:395-412. [PMID: 36279100 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03091-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal apoptosis is considered to be a critical cause of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recently, meloxicam has shown neuroprotective effects; however, the inherent mechanisms are highly overlooked. Using APP/PS1 transgenic (Tg) mice as in vivo animal models, we found that meloxicam inhibits apoptosis in neurons by deactivating tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 25 (TNFRSF25), leading to the suppression of the expression of fas-associated protein with death domain (FADD) and the cleavage of DNA fragmentation factor subunit α (DFFA) and cysteine aspartic acid protease-3 (caspase 3) via β-amyloid protein (Aβ)-depressing mechanisms. Moreover, the meloxicam treatment blocked the effects of β-amyloid protein oligomers (Aβo) on stimulating the synthesis of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and TNF-like ligand 1A (TL1A) in neuroblastoma (N) 2a cells. TNF-α and TL1A induce apoptosis in neurons via TNFR- and TNFRSF25-dependent caspase 3-activating mechanisms, respectively. Knocking down the expression of TNFRSF25 blocked the effects of TL1A on inducing apoptosis in neurons by deactivating the signaling cascades of FADD, caspase 3, and DFFA. Consistently, TNFRSF25 shRNA blocked the effects of Aβo on inducing neuronal apoptosis, which was corroborated by the efficacy of meloxicam in inhibiting Aβo-induced neuronal apoptosis. By ameliorating neuronal apoptosis, meloxicam improved memory loss in APP/PS1 Tg mice.
Collapse
|
12
|
Srivastava P, Kim KS. Membrane Vesicles Derived from Gut Microbiota and Probiotics: Cutting-Edge Therapeutic Approaches for Multidrug-Resistant Superbugs Linked to Neurological Anomalies. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:2370. [PMID: 36365188 PMCID: PMC9692612 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) superbugs can breach the blood-brain barrier (BBB), leading to a continuous barrage of pro-inflammatory modulators and induction of severe infection-related pathologies, including meningitis and brain abscess. Both broad-spectrum or species-specific antibiotics (β-lactamase inhibitors, polymyxins, vancomycin, meropenem, plazomicin, and sarecycline) and biocompatible poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles have been used to treat these infections. However, new therapeutic platforms with a broad impact that do not exert off-target deleterious effects are needed. Membrane vesicles or extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer-enclosed particles with therapeutic potential owing to their ability to circumvent BBB constraints. Bacteria-derived EVs (bEVs) from gut microbiota are efficient transporters that can penetrate the central nervous system. In fact, bEVs can be remodeled via surface modification and CRISPR/Cas editing and, thus, represent a novel platform for conferring protection against infections breaching the BBB. Here, we discuss the latest scientific research related to gut microbiota- and probiotic-derived bEVs, and their therapeutic modifications, in terms of regulating neurotransmitters and inhibiting quorum sensing, for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. We also emphasize the benefits of probiotic-derived bEVs to human health and propose a novel direction for the development of innovative heterologous expression systems to combat BBB-crossing pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kwang-sun Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute of Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Farkouh A, Hemetsberger M, Noe CR, Baumgärtel C. Interpreting the Benefit and Risk Data in Between-Drug Comparisons: Illustration of the Challenges Using the Example of Mefenamic Acid versus Ibuprofen. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14102240. [PMID: 36297674 PMCID: PMC9609416 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14102240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence-based pain therapy should rely on precisely defined and personalized criteria. This includes balancing the benefits and risks not only of single drugs but often requires complex between-drug comparisons. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been available for several decades and their use is described in an abundance of guidelines. Most of these guidelines recommend that ‘the selection of a particular NSAID should be based on the benefit-risk balance for each patient’. However, head-to-head studies are often lacking or of poor quality, reflecting the lower standards for clinical research and regulatory approval at the time. The inconsistency of approved indications between countries due to national applications adds to the complexity. Finally, a fading research interest once drugs become generic points to a general deficit in the post-marketing evaluation of medicines. Far from claiming completeness, this narrative review aimed to illustrate the challenges that physicians encounter when trying to balance benefits and risks in a situation of incomplete and inconsistent data on longstanding treatment concepts. Ibuprofen and mefenamic acid, the most frequently sold NSAIDs in Austria, serve as examples. The illustrated principles are, however, not specific to these drugs and are generalizable to any comparison of older drugs in daily clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- André Farkouh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-664-3029922
| | | | - Christian R. Noe
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Baumgärtel
- AGES Austrian Medicines and Medical Devices Agency, Austrian Federal Office for Safety in Health Care, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Vandyshev DY, Shikhaliev KS. Recyclization of Maleimides by Binucleophiles as a General Approach for Building Hydrogenated Heterocyclic Systems. Molecules 2022; 27:5268. [PMID: 36014507 PMCID: PMC9416709 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The building of heterocyclic systems containing hydrogenated fragments is an important step towards the creation of biologically-active compounds with a wide spectrum of pharmacological activity. Among the numerous methods for creating such systems, a special place is occupied by processes using N-substituted maleimides as the initial substrate. This molecule easily reacts in Diels-Alder/retro-Diels-Alder reactions, Michael additions with various nucleophiles, and co-polymerization processes, as have been described in numerous detailed reviews. However, information on the use of maleimides in cascade heterocyclization reactions is currently limited. This study is devoted to a review and analysis of existing literature data on the processes of recyclization of N-substituted maleimides with various C,N-/N,N-/S,N-di- and polynucleophilic agents, such as amidines, guanidines, diamines, aliphatic ketazines, aminouracils, amino- and mercaptoazoles, aminothiourea, and thiocarbomoyl pyrazolines, among others. The significant structural diversity of the recyclization products described in this study illustrates the powerful potential of maleimides as a building block in the organic synthesis of biologically-active compounds with hydrogenated heterocyclic fragments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitriy Yu. Vandyshev
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya Sq. 1, 394018 Voronezh, Russia
| | - Khidmet S. Shikhaliev
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya Sq. 1, 394018 Voronezh, Russia
- TekhnoKhim, 50 Let Sovetskoi Vlasti Str. 8, 394050 Voronezh, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tsai YT, Lo WL, Chen PY, Ko CY, Chuang JY, Kao TJ, Yang WB, Chang KY, Hung CY, Kikkawa U, Chang WC, Hsu TI. Reprogramming of arachidonate metabolism confers temozolomide resistance to glioblastoma through enhancing mitochondrial activity in fatty acid oxidation. J Biomed Sci 2022; 29:21. [PMID: 35337344 PMCID: PMC8952270 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00804-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sp1 is involved in the recurrence of glioblastoma (GBM) due to the acquirement of resistance to temozolomide (TMZ). Particularly, the role of Sp1 in metabolic reprogramming for drug resistance remains unknown. Methods RNA-Seq and mass spectrometry were used to analyze gene expression and metabolites amounts in paired GBM specimens (primary vs. recurrent) and in paired GBM cells (sensitive vs. resistant). ω-3/6 fatty acid and arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism in GBM patients were analyzed by targeted metabolome. Mitochondrial functions were determined by Seahorse XF Mito Stress Test, RNA-Seq, metabolome and substrate utilization for producing ATP. Therapeutic options targeting prostaglandin (PG) E2 in TMZ-resistant GBM were validated in vitro and in vivo. Results Among the metabolic pathways, Sp1 increased the prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 expression and PGE2 production in TMZ-resistant GBM. Mitochondrial genes and metabolites were obviously increased by PGE2, and these characteristics were required for developing resistance in GBM cells. For inducing TMZ resistance, PGE2 activated mitochondrial functions, including fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle progression, through PGE2 receptors, E-type prostanoid (EP)1 and EP3. Additionally, EP1 antagonist ONO-8713 inhibited the survival of TMZ-resistant GBM synergistically with TMZ. Conclusion Sp1-regulated PGE2 production activates FAO and TCA cycle in mitochondria, through EP1 and EP3 receptors, resulting in TMZ resistance in GBM. These results will provide us a new strategy to attenuate drug resistance or to re-sensitize recurred GBM. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12929-022-00804-3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan, 110
| | - Wei-Lun Lo
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Yuan Chen
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, 33302, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, 204, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Yuan Ko
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Ying Chuang
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Jen Kao
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Bing Yang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan, 110.,TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kwang-Yu Chang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, 704, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yang Hung
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Ushio Kikkawa
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan, 110
| | - Wen-Chang Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan, 110. .,TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Tsung-I Hsu
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. .,Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. .,Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. .,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. .,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, 704, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Graham GG, Scott KF. Limitations of drug concentrations used in cell culture studies for understanding clinical responses of NSAIDs. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:1261-1278. [PMID: 34510275 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00871-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In this review, the in vitro cellular effects of six nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), salicylate, ibuprofen, naproxen, indomethacin, celecoxib and diclofenac, are examined. Inhibition of prostanoid synthesis in vitro generally occurs within the therapeutic range of plasma concentrations that are observed in vivo, consistent with the major action of NSAIDs being inhibition of prostanoid production. An additional probable cellular action of NSAIDs has been discovered recently, viz. decreased oxidation of the endocannabinoids, 2-arachidonoyl glycerol and arachidonyl ethanolamide. Many effects of NSAIDs, other than decreased oxidation of arachidonic acid and endocannabinoids, have been put forward but almost all of these additional processes are observed at supratherapeutic concentrations when the concentration of albumin, the major protein that binds NSAIDs, is taken into account. However, one exception is salicylate, a very potent inhibitor of the neutrophilic enzyme, myeloperoxidase, the inhibition of which leads to reduced production of the inflammatory mediator, hypochlorous acid, and inhibition of the inflammation associated with rheumatoid arthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Garry G Graham
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia. .,School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| | - Kieran F Scott
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia. .,Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, 1 Campbell St, Liverpool, NSW, 2170, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sakr A, Rezq S, Ibrahim SM, Soliman E, Baraka MM, Romero DG, Kothayer H. Design and synthesis of novel quinazolinones conjugated ibuprofen, indole acetamide, or thioacetohydrazide as selective COX-2 inhibitors: anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anticancer activities. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:1810-1828. [PMID: 34338135 PMCID: PMC8330735 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1956912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel quinazolinones conjugated with indole acetamide (4a–c), ibuprofen (7a–e), or thioacetohydrazide (13a,b, and 14a-d) were designed to increase COX-2 selectivity. The three synthesised series exhibited superior COX-2 selectivity compared with the previously reported quinazolinones and their NSAID analogue and had equipotent COX-2 selectivity as celecoxib. Compared with celecoxib, 4 b, 7c, and 13 b showed similar anti-inflammatory activity in vivo, while 13 b and 14a showed superior inhibition of the inflammatory mediator nitric oxide, and 7 showed greater antioxidant potential in macrophages cells. Moreover, all selected compounds showed improved analgesic activity and 13 b completely abolished the pain response. Additionally, compound 4a showed anticancer activity in tested cell lines HCT116, HT29, and HCA7. Docking results were consistent with COX-1/2 enzyme assay results. In silico studies suggest their high oral bioavailability. The overall findings for compounds (4a,b, 7c, 13 b, and 14c) support their potential role as anti-inflammatory agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Sakr
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Samar Rezq
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.,Mississippi Center of Excellence in Perinatal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.,Women's Health Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.,Cardiovascular-Renal Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Samy M Ibrahim
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Eman Soliman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Baraka
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Damian G Romero
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.,Mississippi Center of Excellence in Perinatal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.,Women's Health Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.,Cardiovascular-Renal Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Hend Kothayer
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sipos B, Csóka I, Budai-Szűcs M, Kozma G, Berkesi D, Kónya Z, Balogh GT, Katona G. Development of dexamethasone-loaded mixed polymeric micelles for nasal delivery. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 166:105960. [PMID: 34339828 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.105960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Our study aimed to formulate a novel dexamethasone (DXM)-loaded, mixed polymeric micelle-based drug delivery system, focusing on the auspicious nose-to-brain pathway, as a key delivery route to treat central nervous system (CNS) associated diseases. Polymeric micelles might be a solution to deliver drugs to the place of action compared to conventional formulations. Due to low Z-average (89.92 ± 2.7 nm), a polydispersity index of 0.216 ± 0.014 and high surface polarity (52.23%), a significant increase in water solubility (14-fold) was experienced. This increase resulted in favourable dissolution profile at nasal and axonal conditions with high in vitro permeability value (14.6×10-6 cm/s) on polar brain (porcine) lipid extract. Modified Side-bi-side® type diffusion study confirmed rapid and efficient passive diffusion through the nasal mucosa contributed by strong mucoadhesive properties. The final formulation met all the requirements of a nasal drug delivery system with rapid onset of action, meaning DXM can reach the CNS and there it can exert its beneficial effects in pathological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bence Sipos
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös str. 6., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Ildikó Csóka
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös str. 6., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Mária Budai-Szűcs
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös str. 6., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Gábor Kozma
- Faculty of Science and Informatics, Department of Applied & Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Rerrich B. sq. 1., Hungary.
| | - Dániel Berkesi
- Faculty of Science and Informatics, Department of Applied & Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Rerrich B. sq. 1., Hungary.
| | - Zoltán Kónya
- Faculty of Science and Informatics, Department of Applied & Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Rerrich B. sq. 1., Hungary.
| | - György Tibor Balogh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Eötvös str. 6., Hungary; Department of Chemical and Environmental Process Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem quay 3, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Gábor Katona
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös str. 6., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Effect of pyrrolo[3,4-d]pyridazinone derivatives in neuroinflammation induced by preincubation with lipopolysaccharide or coculturing with microglia-like cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111878. [PMID: 34243096 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is one of the most serious disorders of the 21st century. There is still no effective therapy for this condition. The study investigated the potential regenerative effect of four pyrrolo[3,4-d]pyridazinone derivatives in cultures of SH-SY5Y neuron-like cells preincubated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or cocultured with microglia-like cells. In addition to the traditional investigation of the effect on viability, the level of free radicals and nitric oxide, the average length of neurites was also measured. Via in silico studies, the possibility of penetration of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) by the tested compounds was assessed. The administration of LPS to the culture of SH-SY5Y cells as well as coculturing with microglia-like cells had a significant negative effect on the results of all the assays performed. The treatment with the tested derivatives in most cases significantly reduced this negative effect. The obtained results suggest that the compound L2 may have a beneficial impact on neuronal damage caused by LPS or proinflammatory cytokines secreted by microglia-like cells. Importantly, tested compounds can pass through the BBB, which allows them to enter the brain.
Collapse
|
20
|
Petrou A, Fesatidou M, Geronikaki A. Thiazole Ring-A Biologically Active Scaffold. Molecules 2021; 26:3166. [PMID: 34070661 PMCID: PMC8198555 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thiazole is a good pharmacophore nucleus due to its various pharmaceutical applications. Its derivatives have a wide range of biological activities such as antioxidant, analgesic, and antimicrobial including antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, anticancer, antiallergic, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, and antipsychotic. Indeed, the thiazole scaffold is contained in more than 18 FDA-approved drugs as well as in numerous experimental drugs. OBJECTIVE To summarize recent literature on the biological activities of thiazole ring-containing compounds Methods: A literature survey regarding the topics from the year 2015 up to now was carried out. Older publications were not included, since they were previously analyzed in available peer reviews. RESULTS Nearly 124 research articles were found, critically analyzed, and arranged regarding the synthesis and biological activities of thiazoles derivatives in the last 5 years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Athina Geronikaki
- School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.P.); (M.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Katona G, Sipos B, Budai-Szűcs M, Balogh GT, Veszelka S, Gróf I, Deli MA, Volk B, Szabó-Révész P, Csóka I. Development of In Situ Gelling Meloxicam-Human Serum Albumin Nanoparticle Formulation for Nose-to-Brain Application. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:646. [PMID: 34062873 PMCID: PMC8147280 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13050646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop an intranasal in situ thermo-gelling meloxicam-human serum albumin (MEL-HSA) nanoparticulate formulation applying poloxamer 407 (P407), which can be administered in liquid state into the nostril, and to increase the resistance of the formulation against mucociliary clearance by sol-gel transition on the nasal mucosa, as well as to improve drug absorption. Nanoparticle characterization showed that formulations containing 12-15% w/w P407 met the requirements of intranasal administration. The Z-average (in the range of 180-304 nm), the narrow polydispersity index (PdI, from 0.193 to 0.328), the zeta potential (between -9.4 and -7.0 mV) and the hypotonic osmolality (200-278 mOsmol/L) of MEL-HSA nanoparticles predict enhanced drug absorption through the nasal mucosa. Based on the rheological, muco-adhesion, drug release and permeability studies, the 14% w/w P407 containing formulation (MEL-HSA-P14%) was considered as the optimized formulation, which allows enhanced permeability of MEL through blood-brain barrier-specific lipid fraction. Cell line studies showed no cell damage after 1-h treatment with MEL-HSA-P14% on RPMI 2650 human endothelial cells' moreover, enhanced permeation (four-fold) of MEL from MEL-HSA-P14% was observed in comparison to pure MEL. Overall, MEL-HSA-P14% can be promising for overcoming the challenges of nasal drug delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Katona
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Eötvös Str. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (B.S.); (M.B.-S.); (P.S.-R.); (I.C.)
| | - Bence Sipos
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Eötvös Str. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (B.S.); (M.B.-S.); (P.S.-R.); (I.C.)
| | - Mária Budai-Szűcs
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Eötvös Str. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (B.S.); (M.B.-S.); (P.S.-R.); (I.C.)
| | - György Tibor Balogh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Eötvös Str. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Process Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem Quay 3, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Veszelka
- Biological Research Centre, Institute of Biophysics, Temesvári Blvd. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (S.V.); (I.G.); (M.A.D.)
| | - Ilona Gróf
- Biological Research Centre, Institute of Biophysics, Temesvári Blvd. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (S.V.); (I.G.); (M.A.D.)
| | - Mária A. Deli
- Biological Research Centre, Institute of Biophysics, Temesvári Blvd. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (S.V.); (I.G.); (M.A.D.)
| | - Balázs Volk
- Egis Pharmaceuticals Plc., Keresztúri Str. 30–38, H-1106 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Piroska Szabó-Révész
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Eötvös Str. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (B.S.); (M.B.-S.); (P.S.-R.); (I.C.)
| | - Ildikó Csóka
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Eötvös Str. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (B.S.); (M.B.-S.); (P.S.-R.); (I.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kumar S, Singh B, Kumari P, Kumar PV, Agnihotri G, Khan S, Kant Beuria T, Syed GH, Dixit A. Identification of multipotent drugs for COVID-19 therapeutics with the evaluation of their SARS-CoV2 inhibitory activity. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:1998-2017. [PMID: 33841751 PMCID: PMC8025584 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV2 is a highly contagious pathogen that causes COVID-19 disease. It has affected millions of people globally with an average lethality of ~3%. There is an urgent need of drugs for the treatment of COVID-19. In the current studies, we have used bioinformatics techniques to screen the FDA approved drugs against nine SARS-CoV2 proteins to identify drugs for repurposing. Additionally, we analyzed if the identified molecules can also affect the human proteins whose expression in lung changed during SARS-CoV2 infection. Targeting such genes may also be a beneficial strategy to curb disease manifestation. We have identified 74 molecules that can bind to various SARS-CoV2 and human host proteins. We experimentally validated our in-silico predictions using vero E6 cells infected with SARS-CoV2 virus. Interestingly, many of our predicted molecules viz. capreomycin, celecoxib, mefloquine, montelukast, and nebivolol showed good activity (IC50) against SARS-CoV2. We hope that these studies may help in the development of new therapeutic options for the treatment of COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sugandh Kumar
- Institute of Life Science, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023, India
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Bharati Singh
- Institute of Life Science, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023, India
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Pratima Kumari
- Institute of Life Science, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023, India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB), 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon, Haryana 121001, India
| | - Preethy V. Kumar
- Institute of Life Science, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023, India
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Geetanjali Agnihotri
- School of Chemical Technology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Shaheerah Khan
- Institute of Life Science, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023, India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB), 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon, Haryana 121001, India
| | - Tushar Kant Beuria
- Institute of Life Science, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023, India
| | - Gulam Hussain Syed
- Institute of Life Science, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023, India
| | - Anshuman Dixit
- Institute of Life Science, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023, India
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Cyclooxygenase Inhibition Safety and Efficacy in Inflammation-Based Psychiatric Disorders. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225388. [PMID: 33217958 PMCID: PMC7698629 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization, the major psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders include major depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and autism spectrum disorder. The potential role of inflammation in the onset and progression of these disorders is increasingly being studied. The use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), well-known cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors, combined with first-choice specific drugs have been long investigated. The adjunctive administration of COX inhibitors to classic clinical treatments seems to improve the prognosis of people who suffer from psychiatric disorders. In this review, a broad overview of the use of COX inhibitors in the treatment of inflammation-based psychiatric disorders is provided. For this purpose, a critical analysis of the use of COX inhibitors in the last ten years of clinical trials of the major psychiatric disorders was carried out.
Collapse
|
24
|
Bove M, Tucci P, Dimonte S, Trabace L, Schiavone S, Morgese MG. Postnatal Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Treatments Prevent Early Ketamine-Induced Cortical Dysfunctions in Adult Mice. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:590088. [PMID: 33250707 PMCID: PMC7672215 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.590088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Early brain insult, interfering with its maturation, may result in psychotic-like disturbances in adult life. Redox dysfunctions and neuroinflammation contribute to long-term psychiatric consequences due to neurodevelopmental abnormalities. Here, we investigated the effects of early pharmacological modulation of the redox and inflammatory states, through celastrol, and indomethacin administration, on reactive oxygen species (ROS) amount, levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase 1, SOD1, glutathione, GSH, and catalase, CAT), as well as of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, TNF-α, interleukin-6, IL-6, and interleukin-1 beta, IL-1β), in the prefrontal cortex of adult mice exposed to a neurotoxic insult, i.e. ketamine administration, in postnatal life. Early celastrol or indomethacin prevented ketamine-induced elevations in cortical ROS production. MDA levels in ketamine-treated mice, also administered with celastrol, were comparable with the control ones. Indomethacin also prevented the increase in lipid peroxidation following early ketamine administration. Whereas no significant differences were detected in SOD1, GSH, and CAT levels between ketamine and saline-administered mice, celastrol elevated the cortical amount of these antioxidant enzymes and the same effect was induced by indomethacin per se. Both celastrol and indomethacin prevented ketamine-induced enhancement in TNF-α and IL-1β levels, however, they had no effects on increased IL-6 amount resulting from ketamine exposure in postnatal life. In conclusion, our data suggest that an early increase in cortical ROS scavenging and reduction of lipid peroxidation, via the enhancement of antioxidant defense, together with inhibition of neuroinflammation, may represent a therapeutic opportunity against psychotic-like disturbances resulting, later in life, from the effects of a neurotoxic insult on the developing brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Stefania Schiavone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Uram Ł, Markowicz J, Misiorek M, Filipowicz-Rachwał A, Wołowiec S, Wałajtys-Rode E. Celecoxib substituted biotinylated poly(amidoamine) G3 dendrimer as potential treatment for temozolomide resistant glioma therapy and anti-nematode agent. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 152:105439. [PMID: 32615261 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a one of the most widely diagnosed and difficult to treat type of central nervous system tumors. Resection combined with radiotherapy and temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy prolongs patients' survival only for 12 - 15 months after diagnosis. Moreover, many patients develop TMZ resistance, thus important is search for a new therapy regimes including targeted drug delivery. Most types of GBM reveal increased expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), that are considered as valuable therapeutic target. In these studies, the anti-tumor properties of the selective COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib (CXB) and biotinylated third generation of the poly(amidoamine) dendrimer substituted with 31 CXB residues (G3BC31) on TMZ -resistant U-118 MG glioma cell line were examined and compared with the effect of TMZ alone including viability, proliferation, migration and apoptosis, as well as the cellular expression of COX-2, ATP level, and PGE2 production. Confocal microscopy analysis with the fluorescently labeled G3BC31 analogue has shown that the compound was effectively accumulated in U-118 MG cells in time-dependent manner and its localization was confirmed in lysosomes but not nuclei. G3BC31 reveal much higher cytotoxicity for U-118 MG cells at relatively low concentrations in the range of 2-4 µM with compared to CBX alone, active at 50-100 µM. This was due to induction of apoptosis and inhibition of proliferation and migration. Observed effects were concomitant with reduction of PGE2 production but independent of COX-2 expression. We suggest that investigated conjugate may be a promising candidate for therapy of TMZ-resistant glioblastoma multiforme, although applicable in local treatment, since our previous study of G3BC31 did not demonstrate selectivity against glioma cells compared to normal human fibroblasts. However, it has to be pointed that in our in vivo studies conducted with model organism, Caenorhabditis elegans indicated high anti-nematode activity of G3BC31 in comparison with CXB alone that confirms of usefulness of that organism for estimation of anti-cancer drug toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Uram
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, 6 Powstancow Warszawy Ave, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland.
| | - Joanna Markowicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, 6 Powstancow Warszawy Ave, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Maria Misiorek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, 6 Powstancow Warszawy Ave, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Filipowicz-Rachwał
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rzeszow University of Information Technology and Management, 2 Sucharskiego Str, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Stanisław Wołowiec
- Centre for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rzeszow, Warzywna 1a, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Wałajtys-Rode
- Department of Drug Technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology,75 Koszykowa Str, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sipos B, Szabó-Révész P, Csóka I, Pallagi E, Dobó DG, Bélteky P, Kónya Z, Deák Á, Janovák L, Katona G. Quality by Design Based Formulation Study of Meloxicam-Loaded Polymeric Micelles for Intranasal Administration. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12080697. [PMID: 32722099 PMCID: PMC7464185 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12080697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Our study aimed to develop an “ex tempore” reconstitutable, viscosity enhancer- and preservative-free meloxicam (MEL)-loaded polymeric micelle formulation, via Quality by Design (QbD) approach, exploiting the nose-to-brain pathway, as a suitable tool in the treatment of neuroinflammation. The anti-neuroinflammatory effect of nose-to-brain NSAID polymeric micelles was not studied previously, therefore its investigation is promising. Critical product parameters, encapsulation efficiency (89.4%), Z-average (101.22 ± 2.8 nm) and polydispersity index (0.149 ± 0.7) and zeta potential (−25.2 ± 0.4 mV) met the requirements of the intranasal drug delivery system (nanoDDS) and the targeted profile liquid formulation was transformed into a solid preservative-free product by freeze-drying. The viscosity (32.5 ± 0.28 mPas) and hypotonic osmolality (240 mOsmol/L) of the reconstituted formulation provides proper and enhanced absorption and probably guarantees the administration of the liquid dosage form (nasal drop and spray). The developed formulation resulted in more than 20 times faster MEL dissolution rate and five-fold higher nasal permeability compared to starting MEL. The prediction of IVIVC confirmed the great potential for in vivo brain distribution of MEL. The nose-to-brain delivery of NSAIDs such as MEL by means of nanoDDS as polymeric micelles offers an innovative opportunity to treat neuroinflammation more effectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bence Sipos
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (B.S.); (P.S.-R.); (I.C.); (E.P.); (D.G.D.)
| | - Piroska Szabó-Révész
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (B.S.); (P.S.-R.); (I.C.); (E.P.); (D.G.D.)
| | - Ildikó Csóka
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (B.S.); (P.S.-R.); (I.C.); (E.P.); (D.G.D.)
| | - Edina Pallagi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (B.S.); (P.S.-R.); (I.C.); (E.P.); (D.G.D.)
| | - Dorina Gabriella Dobó
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (B.S.); (P.S.-R.); (I.C.); (E.P.); (D.G.D.)
| | - Péter Bélteky
- Faculty of Science and Informatics, Department of Applied & Environmental Chemistry, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (P.B.); (Z.K.)
| | - Zoltán Kónya
- Faculty of Science and Informatics, Department of Applied & Environmental Chemistry, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (P.B.); (Z.K.)
| | - Ágota Deák
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.D.); (L.J.)
| | - László Janovák
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.D.); (L.J.)
| | - Gábor Katona
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (B.S.); (P.S.-R.); (I.C.); (E.P.); (D.G.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-62-545-575
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Noe CR, Noe-Letschnig M, Handschuh P, Noe CA, Lanzenberger R. Dysfunction of the Blood-Brain Barrier-A Key Step in Neurodegeneration and Dementia. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:185. [PMID: 32848697 PMCID: PMC7396716 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The vascular endothelium in the brain is an essential part of the blood-brain-barrier (BBB) because of its very tight structure to secure a functional and molecular separation of the brain from the rest of the body and to protect neurons from pathogens and toxins. Impaired transport of metabolites across the BBB due to its increasing dysfunction affects brain health and cognitive functioning, thus providing a starting point of neurodegenerative diseases. The term “cerebral metabolic syndrome” is proposed to highlight the importance of lifestyle factors in neurodegeneration and to describe the impact of increasing BBB dysfunction on neurodegeneration and dementia, especially in elderly patients. If untreated, the cerebral metabolic syndrome may evolve into dementia. Due to the high energy demand of the brain, impaired glucose transport across the BBB via glucose transporters as GLUT1 renders the brain increasingly susceptible to neurodegeneration. Apoptotic processes are further supported by the lack of essential metabolites of the phosphocholine synthesis. In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), inflammatory and infectious processes at the BBB increase the dysfunction and might be pace-making events. At this point, the potentially highly relevant role of the thrombocytic amyloid precursor protein (APP) in endothelial inflammation of the BBB is discussed. Chronic inflammatory processes of the BBB transmitted to an increasing number of brain areas might cause a lasting build-up of spreading, pore-forming β-amyloid fragments explaining the dramatic progression of the disease. In the view of the essential requirement of an early diagnosis to investigate and implement causal therapeutic strategies against dementia, brain imaging methods are of great importance. Therefore, status and opportunities in the field of diagnostic imaging of the living human brain will be portrayed, comprising diverse techniques such as positron emissions tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to uncover the patterns of atrophy, protein deposits, hypometabolism, and molecular as well as functional alterations in AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian R Noe
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Patricia Handschuh
- Neuroimaging Lab (NIL), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Chiara Anna Noe
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Clinic St. Poelten, St. Poelten, Austria
| | - Rupert Lanzenberger
- Neuroimaging Lab (NIL), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Litvin DG, Denstaedt SJ, Borkowski LF, Nichols NL, Dick TE, Smith CB, Jacono FJ. Peripheral-to-central immune communication at the area postrema glial-barrier following bleomycin-induced sterile lung injury in adult rats. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 87:610-633. [PMID: 32097765 PMCID: PMC8895345 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathways for peripheral-to-central immune communication (P → C I-comm) following sterile lung injury (SLI) are unknown. SLI evokes systemic and central inflammation, which alters central respiratory control and viscerosensory transmission in the nucleus tractus solitarii (nTS). These functional changes coincide with increased interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) in the area postrema, a sensory circumventricular organ that connects P → C I-comm to brainstem circuits that control homeostasis. We hypothesize that IL-1β and its downstream transcriptional target, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), mediate P → C I-comm in the nTS. In a rodent model of SLI induced by intratracheal bleomycin (Bleo), the sigh frequency and duration of post-sigh apnea increased in Bleo- compared to saline- treated rats one week after injury. This SLI-dependent change in respiratory control occurred concurrently with augmented IL-1β and COX-2 immunoreactivity (IR) in the funiculus separans (FS), a barrier between the AP and the brainstem. At this barrier, increases in IL-1β and COX-2 IR were confined to processes that stained for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and that projected basolaterally to the nTS. Further, FS radial-glia did not express TNF-α or IL-6 following SLI. To test our hypothesis, we blocked central COX-1/2 activity by intracerebroventricular (ICV) infusion of Indomethacin (Ind). Continuous ICV Ind treatment prevented Bleo-dependent increases in GFAP + and IL-1β + IR, and restored characteristics of sighs that reset the rhythm. These data indicate that changes in sighs following SLI depend partially on activation of a central COX-dependent P → C I-comm via radial-glia of the FS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David G Litvin
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States; Department of Fundamental Neuroscience, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Scott J Denstaedt
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Lauren F Borkowski
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, United States
| | - Nicole L Nichols
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, United States
| | - Thomas E Dick
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States; Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States
| | - Corey B Smith
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States
| | - Frank J Jacono
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Louis Stokes VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
GM1 Oligosaccharide Crosses the Human Blood-Brain Barrier In Vitro by a Paracellular Route. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082858. [PMID: 32325905 PMCID: PMC7215935 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ganglioside GM1 (GM1) has been reported to functionally recover degenerated nervous system in vitro and in vivo, but the possibility to translate GM1′s potential in clinical settings is counteracted by its low ability to overcome the blood–brain barrier (BBB) due to its amphiphilic nature. Interestingly, the soluble and hydrophilic GM1-oligosaccharide (OligoGM1) is able to punctually replace GM1 neurotrophic functions alone, both in vitro and in vivo. In order to take advantage of OligoGM1 properties, which overcome GM1′s pharmacological limitations, here we characterize the OligoGM1 brain transport by using a human in vitro BBB model. OligoGM1 showed a 20-fold higher crossing rate than GM1 and time–concentration-dependent transport. Additionally, OligoGM1 crossed the barrier at 4 °C and in inverse transport experiments, allowing consideration of the passive paracellular route. This was confirmed by the exclusion of a direct interaction with the active ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters using the “pump out” system. Finally, after barrier crossing, OligoGM1 remained intact and able to induce Neuro2a cell neuritogenesis by activating the TrkA pathway. Importantly, these in vitro data demonstrated that OligoGM1, lacking the hydrophobic ceramide, can advantageously cross the BBB in comparison with GM1, while maintaining its neuroproperties. This study has improved the knowledge about OligoGM1′s pharmacological potential, offering a tangible therapeutic strategy.
Collapse
|
30
|
Lin GC, Leitgeb T, Vladetic A, Friedl HP, Rhodes N, Rossi A, Roblegg E, Neuhaus W. Optimization of an oral mucosa in vitro model based on cell line TR146. Tissue Barriers 2020; 8:1748459. [PMID: 32314665 PMCID: PMC7549749 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2020.1748459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last years, the popularity of saliva has been increasing for its applicability as a diagnostic fluid. Blood biomarker molecules have to cross the blood-saliva barrier (BSB) in order to appear in saliva. The BSB consists of all oral and salivary gland epithelial barriers. Within this context, the optimization of in vitro models for mechanistic studies about the transport of molecules across the oral mucosa is an important task. Here, we describe the optimization and comprehensive characterization of a Transwell model of the oral mucosa based on the epithelial cell line TR146. Through systematic media optimization investigating 12 different set-ups, a significant increase of barrier integrity upon airlift cultivation is described here for TR146 cell layers. The distinct improvement of the paracellular barrier was described by measurements of transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and carboxyfluorescein permeability assays. Histological characterization supported TEER data and showed a stratified, non-keratinized multilayer of the optimized TR146 model. High-Throughput qPCR using 96 selected markers for keratinization, cornification, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, aquaporins, mucins, tight junctions, receptors, and transporter proteins was applied to comprehensively characterize the systematic optimization of the cellular model and validate against human biopsy samples. Data revealed the expression of several genes in the oral mucosa epithelium for the first time and elucidated novel regulations dependent on culture conditions. Moreover, functional activity of ABC-transporters ABCB1 and ABCC4 was shown indicating the applicability of the model for drug transport studies. In conclusion, a Transwell model of the oral mucosa epithelium was optimized suitably for transport studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grace C. Lin
- Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Health and Bioresources, Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT) GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tamara Leitgeb
- Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Health and Bioresources, Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT) GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexandra Vladetic
- Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Health and Bioresources, Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT) GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Heinz-Peter Friedl
- Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Health and Bioresources, Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT) GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nadine Rhodes
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research (ISC), Translational Center Regenerative Therapies, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Angela Rossi
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research (ISC), Translational Center Regenerative Therapies, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Eva Roblegg
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Winfried Neuhaus
- Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Health and Bioresources, Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT) GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Garcia-Lino AM, Blanco-Paniagua E, Astorga-Simon EN, Alvarez-Fernandez L, Garcia-Mateos D, Alvarez-Fernandez I, Alvarez AI, Merino G. Abcg2 transporter affects plasma, milk and tissue levels of meloxicam. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 175:113924. [PMID: 32217099 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette (ABCG2) is an efflux transporter that extrudes xenotoxins from cells in liver, intestine, mammary gland, brain and other organs, affecting the pharmacokinetics, brain accumulation and secretion into milk of several compounds, including antitumoral, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory drugs. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the widely used anti-inflammatory drug meloxicam is an Abcg2 sustrate, and how this transporter affects its systemic distribution. Using polarized ABCG2-transduced cell lines, we found that meloxicam is efficiently transported by murine Abcg2 and human ABCG2. After oral administration of meloxicam, the area under the plasma concentration-time curve in Abcg2-/- mice was 2-fold higher than in wild type mice (146.06 ± 10.57 µg·h/ml versus 73.80 ± 10.00 µg·h/ml). Differences in meloxicam distribution were reported for several tissues after oral and intravenous administration, with a 20-fold higher concentration in the brain of Abcg2-/- after oral administration. Meloxicam secretion into milk was also affected by the transporter, with a 2-fold higher milk-to-plasma ratio in wild-type compared with Abcg2-/- lactating female mice after oral and intravenous administration. We conclude that Abcg2 is an important determinant of the plasma and brain distribution of meloxicam and is clearly involved in its secretion into milk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alba M Garcia-Lino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences-Physiology, Veterinary Faculty, Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal (INDEGSAL), Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, León, Spain
| | - Esther Blanco-Paniagua
- Department of Biomedical Sciences-Physiology, Veterinary Faculty, Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal (INDEGSAL), Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, León, Spain
| | - Elsa N Astorga-Simon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences-Physiology, Veterinary Faculty, Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal (INDEGSAL), Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, León, Spain
| | - Laura Alvarez-Fernandez
- Department of Biomedical Sciences-Physiology, Veterinary Faculty, Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal (INDEGSAL), Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, León, Spain
| | - Dafne Garcia-Mateos
- Department of Biomedical Sciences-Physiology, Veterinary Faculty, Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal (INDEGSAL), Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, León, Spain
| | - Indira Alvarez-Fernandez
- Department of Biomedical Sciences-Physiology, Veterinary Faculty, Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal (INDEGSAL), Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, León, Spain
| | - Ana I Alvarez
- Department of Biomedical Sciences-Physiology, Veterinary Faculty, Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal (INDEGSAL), Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, León, Spain
| | - Gracia Merino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences-Physiology, Veterinary Faculty, Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal (INDEGSAL), Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, León, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Reker AN, Chen S, Etter K, Burger T, Caudill M, Davidson S. The Operant Plantar Thermal Assay: A Novel Device for Assessing Thermal Pain Tolerance in Mice. eNeuro 2020; 7:ENEURO.0210-19.2020. [PMID: 32071073 PMCID: PMC7078811 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0210-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pain is a multidimensional experience of sensory-discriminative, cognitive, and affective processes; however, current basic research methods rely heavily on response to threshold stimuli, bypassing the supraspinal processing that ultimately gives rise to the pain experience. We developed the operant plantar thermal assay (OPTA), which utilizes a novel, conflict-based operant task requiring evaluation and active decision-making to obtain reward under thermally aversive conditions to quantify thermal pain tolerance. In baseline measures, male and female mice exhibited similar temperature preferences, however in the OPTA, female mice exhibited greater temperature-dependent tolerance, as defined by choice time spent in an adverse thermal condition to obtain reward. Increasing reward salience (4% vs 10% sucrose solution) led to increased thermal tolerance for males but not females. To determine whether neuropathic and inflammatory pain models alter thermal tolerance, animals with chronic constriction injury (CCI) or complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA), respectively, were tested in the OPTA. Surprisingly, neuropathic animals exhibited increased thermal tolerance, as shown by greater time spent in the reward zone in an adverse thermal condition, compared with sham animals. There was no effect of inflammation on thermal tolerance. Administration of clonidine in the CCI model led to increased thermal tolerance in both injured and sham animals. In contrast, the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory meloxicam was anti-hyperalgesic in the CFA model, but reduced thermal pain tolerance. These data support the feasibility of using the OPTA to assess thermal pain tolerance to gain new insights into complex pain behaviors and to investigate novel aspects of analgesic efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashlie N Reker
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research Center, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267
| | - Sisi Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research Center, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267
| | - Katherine Etter
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research Center, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267
| | - Taylor Burger
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research Center, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267
| | - Makayla Caudill
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research Center, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267
| | - Steve Davidson
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research Center, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Gerhartl A, Hahn K, Neuhoff A, Friedl HP, Förster CY, Wunder C, Schick M, Burek M, Neuhaus W. Hydroxyethylstarch (130/0.4) tightens the blood-brain barrier in vitro. Brain Res 2019; 1727:146560. [PMID: 31756307 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In order to prevent cerebral vasospasm after a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), the so-called triple H-therapy (hypertension, hypervolemia, hemodilution) could be applied. In these cases, colloidal solutions containing Hydroxyethylstarch (HES) are used to induce hypervolemia. The administration of HES is very much under debate for the mentioned use, because in general the application of HES for the treatment of critical ill patients has been reduced tremendously in the last years due to its nephrotoxic effects. In this context, there are limited data investigating the influence of HES on the blood-brain barrier. These data might help to assess if a transient administration of HES is possibly justifiable to prevent cerebral ischemia during vasospasm despite the risk of an acute kidney injury. To address this question, a mouse blood-brain barrier in vitro model based on cell line cerebEND was exposed to different HES concentrations and compared to NaCl-containing control solutions. In order to assess the effects of HES on blood-brain barrier properties, cell viability, transendothelial electrical resistance, permeability of carboxyfluorescein, mRNA and protein expression and localization of tight junction proteins were determined. In summary, 1.5-4% HES attenuated cell viability in a mild, concentration dependent manner compared to the NaCl control solution (0% HES). At the mRNA level 1% and 4% HES significantly increased the expression of tight junction associated proteins (ZO-1 and occludin) and the glucose transporter Glut-1 (Slc2a1). In correspondence to this, 4% HES inhibited breakdown of the paracellular barrier in comparison to the control NaCl group (0% HES) shown by transendothelial electrical resistance values and the permeability of the paracellular marker carboxyfluorescein. These effects at the functional level were confirmed by immunofluorescence microscopic images of junctional proteins. The obtained in vitro data showed a potential for HES to counteract blood-brain barrier damage. Future studies are needed to reveal the applicability of HES as a blood-brain barrier stabilizing agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gerhartl
- AIT - Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center Health and Bioresources, Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, Giefinggasse 4, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Kathrin Hahn
- AIT - Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center Health and Bioresources, Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, Giefinggasse 4, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Anja Neuhoff
- University of Wuerzburg, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Oberduerrbacherstraße 6, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Heinz-Peter Friedl
- AIT - Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center Health and Bioresources, Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, Giefinggasse 4, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Carola Y Förster
- University of Wuerzburg, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Oberduerrbacherstraße 6, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Christian Wunder
- Robert-Bosch-Hospital, Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Auerbachstraße 110, 70376 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Martin Schick
- University of Freiburg, Medical Center, Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Malgorzata Burek
- University of Wuerzburg, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Oberduerrbacherstraße 6, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Winfried Neuhaus
- AIT - Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center Health and Bioresources, Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, Giefinggasse 4, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Effect of Ibuprofen on Autophagy of Astrocytes During Pentylenetetrazol-Induced Epilepsy and its Significance: An Experimental Study. Neurochem Res 2019; 44:2566-2576. [PMID: 31535354 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02875-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease. Astrogliosis is an important pathological change in epileptic lesions. Studies have reported that ibuprofen can affect autophagy and/or inhibit cell proliferation in many diseases. This study investigated the effect and significance of ibuprofen on autophagy of astrocytes during pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) induced epilepsy. 60 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into five groups: control group (received normal saline), PTZ group, 3-methyladenine (3-MA) + PTZ group, ibuprofen + PTZ group and 3-MA + ibuprofen + PTZ group. Dose of each agent was 35 mg/kg (PTZ), 10 mg/kg (3-MA) and 30 mg/kg (ibuprofen) and all drugs were administered intraperitoneally 15 times on alternate days (29 days). Human astrocytes were cultured in vitro. Behavioral performance (i.e., latency, grade and duration of seizures) and EEG of rats were observed and recorded. Proliferation of astrocytes was detected by CCK-8 method. Immunofluorescence and Western blot test were used to detect the expression of LC3 and GFAP. Mean number, grade and duration of seizures were markedly reduced in ibuprofen + PTZ group and 3-MA + ibuprofen + PTZ group (P < 0.05). Similarly, peak of EEG waves were markedly reduced in ibuprofen + PTZ group and 3-MA + ibuprofen + PTZ group (P < 0.05). Compared to the control group, the level of LC3 in ibuprofen group was significantly increased in vitro (P < 0.05). While, levels of LC3 were significantly higher and that of GFAP were significantly lower in ibuprofen + PTZ group (P < 0.05) compared to PTZ group in vivo. Ibuprofen reduces the proliferation of astrocytes by increasing autophagy, thus affecting the development of epilepsy. Therefore, ibuprofen may be used as an adjuvant to improve efficacy of treatment in epilepsy.
Collapse
|
35
|
Kovács NP, Almási A, Garai K, Kuzma M, Vancea S, Fischer E, Perjési P. Investigation of intestinal elimination and biliary excretion of ibuprofen in hyperglycemic rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 97:1080-1089. [PMID: 31340129 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2019-0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
An in vivo intestinal perfusion model was used to investigate how experimental hyperglycemia affects intestinal elimination and biliary excretion in the rat. Experimental diabetes was induced by administration of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg, i.v.). The intestinal perfusion medium contained 250 μM (±)-ibuprofen. An isocratic high-performance liquid chromatography method with UV-visible detection was developed to quantitate ibuprofen in the intestinal perfusate, while a gradient method was applied to quantitate ibuprofen and ibuprofen-β-d-glucuronide in the bile. The limit of quantitation of ibuprofen was found to be 0.51 μM in the perfusate of the small intestine. In the bile, the limit of quantitation of ibuprofen and ibuprofen-β-d-glucuronide was 4.42 and 10.3 μM, respectively. Unconjugated ibuprofen and ibuprofen-β-d-glucuronide were detected in the bile; however, no β-d-glucuronide of ibuprofen could be detected in the intestinal perfusate. The results indicate that experimental diabetes can cause a decrease in the disappearance of ibuprofen from the small intestine. Excretion of both ibuprofen and ibuprofen-β-d-glucuronide decreased to the bile in experimental diabetes. The results can be explained by the results of molecular biological studies indicating streptozotocin-initiated alterations in the intestinal and hepatic transport processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noémi-Piroska Kovács
- S. Salix Pharm SRL, Pandurilor str. 113, RO-540501, Târgu-Mureş, Romania.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Rókus str. 2, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Attila Almási
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Rókus str. 2, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Kitti Garai
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Pécs, Rókus str. 2, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Mónika Kuzma
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Rókus str. 2, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Szende Vancea
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu-Mureş, Gheorghe Marinescu str. 38, RO-540139 Târgu-Mureş, Romania
| | - Emil Fischer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Pécs, Szigeti str. 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Pál Perjési
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Rókus str. 2, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ramadurai S, Sarangi NK, Maher S, MacConnell N, Bond AM, McDaid D, Flynn D, Keyes TE. Microcavity-Supported Lipid Bilayers; Evaluation of Drug-Lipid Membrane Interactions by Electrochemical Impedance and Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:8095-8109. [PMID: 31120755 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Many drugs have intracellular or membrane-associated targets, thus understanding their interaction with the cell membrane is of value in drug development. Cell-free tools used to predict membrane interactions should replicate the molecular organization of the membrane. Microcavity array-supported lipid bilayer (MSLB) platforms are versatile biophysical models of the cell membrane that combine liposome-like membrane fluidity with stability and addressability. We used an MSLB herein to interrogate drug-membrane interactions across seven drugs from different classes, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories: ibuprofen (Ibu) and diclofenac (Dic); antibiotics: rifampicin (Rif), levofloxacin (Levo), and pefloxacin (Pef); and bisphosphonates: alendronate (Ale) and clodronate (Clo). Fluorescence lifetime correlation spectroscopy (FLCS) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to evaluate the impact of drug on 1,2-dioleyl- sn-glycerophosphocholine and binary bilayers over physiologically relevant drug concentrations. Although FLCS data revealed Ibu, Levo, Pef, Ale, and Clo had no impact on lipid lateral mobility, EIS, which is more sensitive to membrane structural change, indicated modest but significant decreases to membrane resistivity consistent with adsorption but weak penetration of drugs at the membrane. Ale and Clo, evaluated at pH 5.25, did not impact the impedance of the membrane except at concentrations exceeding 4 mM. Conversely, Dic and Rif dramatically altered bilayer fluidity, suggesting their translocation through the bilayer, and EIS data showed that resistivity of the membrane decreased substantially with increasing drug concentration. Capacitance changes to the bilayer in most cases were insignificant. Using a Langmuir-Freundlich model to fit the EIS data, we propose Rsat as an empirical value that reflects permeation. Overall, the data indicate that Ibu, Levo, and Pef adsorb at the interface of the lipid membrane but Dic and Rif interact strongly, permeating the membrane core modifying the water/ion permeability of the bilayer structure. These observations are discussed in the context of previously reported data on drug permeability and log P.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sivaramakrishnan Ramadurai
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Centre for Sensor Research , Dublin City University , Dublin 9 , Ireland
| | - Nirod Kumar Sarangi
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Centre for Sensor Research , Dublin City University , Dublin 9 , Ireland
| | - Sean Maher
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Centre for Sensor Research , Dublin City University , Dublin 9 , Ireland
| | - Nicola MacConnell
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Centre for Sensor Research , Dublin City University , Dublin 9 , Ireland
| | - Alan M Bond
- School of Chemistry , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria 3800 , Australia
| | | | | | - Tia E Keyes
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Centre for Sensor Research , Dublin City University , Dublin 9 , Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Renggli K, Rousset N, Lohasz C, Nguyen OTP, Hierlemann A. Integrated Microphysiological Systems: Transferable Organ Models and Recirculating Flow. ADVANCED BIOSYSTEMS 2019; 3:e1900018. [PMID: 32627410 PMCID: PMC7610576 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201900018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Studying and understanding of tissue and disease mechanisms largely depend on the availability of suitable and representative biological model systems. These model systems should be carefully engineered and faithfully reproduce the biological system of interest to understand physiological effects, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity to better identify new drug compounds. By relying on microfluidics, microphysiological systems (MPSs) enable the precise control of culturing conditions and connections of advanced in vitro 3D organ models that better reproduce in vivo environments. This review focuses on transferable in vitro organ models and integrated MPSs that host these transferable biological units and enable interactions between different tissue types. Interchangeable and transferrable in vitro organ models allow for independent quality control of the biological model before system assembly and building MPS assays on demand. Due to the complexity and different maturation times of individual in vitro tissues, off-chip production and quality control entail improved stability and reproducibility of the systems and results, which is important for large-scale adoption of the technology. Lastly, the technical and biological challenges and open issues for realizing and implementing integrated MPSs with transferable in vitro organ models are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kasper Renggli
- ETH Zürich, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Pacheco P, Galvão R, Faria A, Von Ranke N, Rangel M, Ribeiro T, Bello M, Rodrigues C, Ferreira V, da Rocha D, Faria R. 8-Hydroxy-2-(1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)-1,4-naphtoquinone derivatives inhibited P2X7 Receptor-Induced dye uptake into murine Macrophages. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:1449-1455. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
39
|
Rodieux F, Piguet V, Desmeules J, Samer CF. Safety Issues of Pharmacological Acute Pain Treatment in Children. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2019; 105:1130-1138. [DOI: 10.1002/cpt.1358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Frédérique Rodieux
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology; Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medicine; Geneva University Hospitals; Geneva Switzerland
- Multidisciplinary Pain Center; Geneva University Hospitals; Geneva Switzerland
| | - Valérie Piguet
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology; Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medicine; Geneva University Hospitals; Geneva Switzerland
- Multidisciplinary Pain Center; Geneva University Hospitals; Geneva Switzerland
| | - Jules Desmeules
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology; Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medicine; Geneva University Hospitals; Geneva Switzerland
- Multidisciplinary Pain Center; Geneva University Hospitals; Geneva Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine; University of Geneva; Geneva Switzerland
- Faculty of Sciences; School of Pharmacy; University of Geneva and Lausanne; Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Caroline F. Samer
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology; Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medicine; Geneva University Hospitals; Geneva Switzerland
- Multidisciplinary Pain Center; Geneva University Hospitals; Geneva Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine; University of Geneva; Geneva Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Determination of the Lipophilicity of Ibuprofen, Naproxen, Ketoprofen, and Flurbiprofen with Thin-Layer Chromatography. J CHEM-NY 2019. [DOI: 10.1155/2019/3407091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The lipophilicity is an important parameter that influences the activity of the drugs in the human body. The reversed phase high performance thin layer chromatography was applied to determine the Log P values of ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen, and flurbiprofen. The stationary phase used in the study was silica-gel coated plates. The mobile phase was the mixture of acetonitrile and water in different proportions. The content of acetonitrile varied in 5% increments from 50% to 80%. The Rm0 values were determined for the compounds with a known Log P and for the analyzed substances (ibuprofen, naproxen, ketoprofen, and flurbiprofen). The Log P values were calculated for the analyzed compounds using the regression curve Rm0 = f(Log P) parameters for the compounds with the known lipophilicity. Flurbiprofen is characterized by the highest Log P value: 3.82. The lowest one is noted for ketoprofen: 2.66. The determined Log P values of tested compounds were similar to the values calculated by the software.
Collapse
|
41
|
Appelt-Menzel A, Cubukova A, Metzger M. Establishment of a Human Blood-Brain Barrier Co-Culture Model Mimicking the Neurovascular Unit Using Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 47:e62. [DOI: 10.1002/cpsc.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antje Appelt-Menzel
- University Hospital Würzburg, Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Translational Center Regenerative Therapies (TLC-RT); Würzburg Germany
| | - Alevtina Cubukova
- University Hospital Würzburg, Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
| | - Marco Metzger
- University Hospital Würzburg, Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Translational Center Regenerative Therapies (TLC-RT); Würzburg Germany
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kartha S, Weisshaar CL, Philips BH, Winkelstein BA. Pre-treatment with Meloxicam Prevents the Spinal Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in DRG Neurons that Accompany Painful Cervical Radiculopathy. Neuroscience 2018; 388:393-404. [PMID: 30086368 PMCID: PMC6132222 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Painful neuropathic injuries are accompanied by robust inflammatory and oxidative stress responses that contribute to the development and maintenance of pain. After neural trauma the inflammatory enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) increases concurrent with pain onset. Although pre-treatment with the COX-2 inhibitor, meloxicam, before a painful nerve root compression prevents the development of pain, the pathophysiological mechanisms are unknown. This study evaluated if pre-treatment with meloxicam prior to painful root injury prevents pain by reducing spinal inflammation and peripheral oxidative stress. Glial activation and expression of the inflammatory mediator secreted phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) in the spinal cord were assessed at day 7 using immunohistochemistry. The extent of oxidative damage was measured using the oxidative stress marker, 8-hydroxyguanosine (8-OHG) and localization of 8-OHG with neurons, microglia and astrocytes in the spinal cord and peripherally in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) at day 7. In addition to reducing pain, meloxicam reduced both spinal microglial and astrocytic activation at day 7 after nerve root compression. Spinal sPLA2 was also reduced with meloxicam treatment, with decreased production in neurons, microglia and astrocytes. Oxidative damage following nerve root compression was found predominantly in neurons rather than glial cells. The expression of 8-OHG in DRG neurons at day 7 was reduced with meloxicam. These findings suggest that meloxicam may prevent the onset of pain following nerve root compression by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress both centrally in the spinal cord and peripherally in the DRG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Kartha
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 415 Skirkanich Hall, 210 S. 33rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Christine L Weisshaar
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 415 Skirkanich Hall, 210 S. 33rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Blythe H Philips
- University Laboratory Animal Resources, University of Pennsylvania, 3800 Spruce Street, Old Vet Quad, Suite 177E, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Beth A Winkelstein
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 415 Skirkanich Hall, 210 S. 33rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 3 Silverstein, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and crystallographic behavior of ethyl 2-(4-methyl-(2-benzylidenehydrazinyl))thiazole-4-carboxylate: Experimental and theoretical (DFT) studies. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.04.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
44
|
Zhu Y, Yao R, Li Y, Wu C, Heng L, Zhou M, Yan L, Deng Y, Zhang Z, Ping L, Wu Y, Wang S, Wang L. Protective Effect of Celecoxib on Early Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction in Geriatric Patients. Front Neurol 2018; 9:633. [PMID: 30131758 PMCID: PMC6090028 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Inflammation plays a key role in the etiology and pathology of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitor celecoxib is used for the treatment of acute pain due to its potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Herein, we evaluated the effects of celecoxib on POCD in geriatric patients. Methods: A total of 178 geriatric patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty were randomly divided into two groups and treated with celecoxib (group C) or placebo (group P). The levels of perioperative plasma COX-2, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, neuron-specific enolase, and S100β were detected in all patients. The pain intensity was measured by numerical rating scale (NRS). A battery of 9 neuropsychological tests was performed pre-operatively and 1 week, and 3 months postoperatively. Patients, whose postoperative performance declined by ≧1 standard deviation as compared to each preoperative test score on ≧2 tests, were classified as POCD. Results: A significant decrease in POCD incidence was found in group C as compared to group P on postoperative day 7 (12.3% vs. 34.1%; p < 0.05). POCD incidence did not differ between the two groups at the 3-month follow-up (8.8 vs. 9.7%). NRS scores at days 3 and 4 post-surgery were significantly lower in group C (p < 0.05). Patients in group C showed lower level of plasma COX-2, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and S100β as compared to group P postoperatively (p < 0.05). Conclusion: These results demonstrated that celecoxib can decrease early POCD incidence after total knee arthroplasty in geriatric patients, which might be mediated by suppressing inflammation and acute postoperative pain caused by surgical trauma. Registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Register, ChiCTR-IOR-16008168.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yangzi Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Rui Yao
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Suzhou Xiangcheng People's Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Congyou Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lei Heng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Tumor Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Meiyan Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yan Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lei Ping
- Department of Neurology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yuqing Wu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Shengtao Wang
- Department of Pain, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Liwei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Makunts T, Cohen IV, Lee KC, Abagyan R. Population scale retrospective analysis reveals distinctive antidepressant and anxiolytic effects of diclofenac, ketoprofen and naproxen in patients with pain. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195521. [PMID: 29668764 PMCID: PMC5905979 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently approved monoamine modulating antidepressant and anxiolytic pharmaceutics fail in over one third of patients due to delayed and variable therapeutic effect, adverse reactions preceding the therapeutic action, and adherence issues. Even with adequate adherence to the regimen and tolerability, one third of the patients do not respond to any class of antidepressants. There is a strong correlation between treatment resistant depression and increase in inflammatory cytokines in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid. Furthermore, epidemiological studies suggest that depression and anxiety are commonly comorbid with pain and inflammation. While a link between pain, inflammation and depression has been suggested it remains unclear which anti-inflammatory treatment may be beneficial to patients with depression and anxiety due to pain. Here, we analyzed 430,783 FDA adverse effect reports of patients treated for pain to identify potential antidepressant and anxiolytic effects of various anti-inflammatory medications. Patients treated for depression or patients taking any known antidepressants were excluded. The odds ratio analysis of 139,072 NSAID reports revealed that ketoprofen was associated with decreased reports of depression by a factor of 2.32 (OR 0.43 and 95% Confidence Interval [0.31, 0.59]) and decreased reports of anxiety by a factor of 2.86 (OR 0.35 [0.22, 0.56]), diclofenac with decreased depression reports by a factor of 2.22 (OR 0.45 [0.40, 0.49]) and anxiety by a factor of 2.13 (OR 0.47 [0.41, 0.54]), while naproxen decreased depression reports by a factor of 1.92 (OR 0.52 [0.49, 0.57]) and anxiety by a factor of 1.23 (OR 0.81 [0.75, 0.88]). Other NSAIDs did not exhibit any noticeable antidepressant and/or anxiolytic effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tigran Makunts
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Isaac V. Cohen
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Kelly C. Lee
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Ruben Abagyan
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Neuhaus W, Piontek A, Protze J, Eichner M, Mahringer A, Subileau EA, Lee IFM, Schulzke JD, Krause G, Piontek J. Reversible opening of the blood-brain barrier by claudin-5-binding variants of Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin's claudin-binding domain. Biomaterials 2018; 161:129-143. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
47
|
Kristofova M, Aher YD, Ilic M, Radoman B, Kalaba P, Dragacevic V, Aher NY, Leban J, Korz V, Zanon L, Neuhaus W, Wieder M, Langer T, Urban E, Sitte HH, Hoeger H, Lubec G, Aradska J. A daily single dose of a novel modafinil analogue CE-123 improves memory acquisition and memory retrieval. Behav Brain Res 2018; 343:83-94. [PMID: 29410048 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine reuptake inhibitors have been shown to improve cognitive parameters in various tasks and animal models. We recently reported a series of modafinil analogues, of which the most promising, 5-((benzhydrylsulfinyl)methyl) thiazole (CE-123), was selected for further development. The present study aims to characterize pharmacological properties of CE-123 and to investigate the potential to enhance memory performance in a rat model. In vitro transporter assays were performed in cells expressing human transporters. CE-123 blocked uptake of [3H] dopamine (IC50 = 4.606 μM) while effects on serotonin (SERT) and the norepinephrine transporter (NET) were negligible. Blood-brain barrier and pharmacokinetic studies showed that the compound reached the brain and lower elimination than R-modafinil. The Pro-cognitive effect was evaluated in a spatial hole-board task in male Sprague-Dawley rats and CE-123 enhances memory acquisition and memory retrieval, represented by significantly increased reference memory indices and shortened latency. Since DAT blockers can be considered as indirect dopamine receptor agonists, western blotting was used to quantify protein levels of dopamine receptors D1R, D2R and D5R and DAT in the synaptosomal fraction of hippocampal subregions CA1, CA3 and dentate gyrus (DG). CE-123 administration in rats increased total DAT levels and D1R protein levels were significantly increased in CA1 and CA3 in treated/trained groups. The increase of D5R was observed in DG only. Dopamine receptors, particularly D1R, seem to play a role in mediating CE-123-induced memory enhancement. Dopamine reuptake inhibition by CE-123 may represent a novel and improved stimulant therapeutic for impairments of cognitive functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Kristofova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yogesh D Aher
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marija Ilic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bojana Radoman
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Predrag Kalaba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vladimir Dragacevic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nilima Y Aher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johann Leban
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Volker Korz
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lisa Zanon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Winfried Neuhaus
- Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, Competence Center Health and Bioresources, Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT) GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marcus Wieder
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thierry Langer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ernst Urban
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Harald H Sitte
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Harald Hoeger
- Core Unit of Biomedical Research, Division of Laboratory Animal Science and Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Himberg, Austria
| | - Gert Lubec
- Department of Neuroproteomics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Jana Aradska
- Department of Neuroproteomics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Yang S, Jin H, Zhao Z. An ECV304 monoculture model for permeability assessment of blood-brain barrier. Neurol Res 2017; 40:117-121. [PMID: 29100486 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2017.1398882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE ECV304/C6 co-culture model is a widely used tool for BBB studies. However, cell source may influence the establishment of co-culture model and some C6 cells could damage the barrier integrity. Here, we established an ECV304 monoculture model and evaluated it in the respect of tightness, tight junction proteins and discriminative brain penetration. METHODS The tightness of ECV304 cell layers was evaluated by the measurement of permeability to hydrophilic marker Lucifer yellow. Immunofluorescence method was explored to detect the expression of tight junction proteins occludin, claudin-5 and ZO-1 in ECV304 cells. The discriminative brain penetration of the model was assessed by a permeability testing of compounds with different penetration rates, including digoxin, quinidine, and propranolol. RESULTS The ECV304 monolayers developed low permeability to Lucifer yellow (permeability coefficient: 0.31 ± 0.02 × 10-3 cm/min) and exhibited positive immunostaining of occludin, claudin-5 and ZO-1. The permeability coefficients of high permeable quinidine and propranolol across ECV304 cell layers were higher than that of low permeable digoxin by 3.6 and 2.8-fold, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The ECV304 monoculture model developed tight paracellular barrier and discriminated between compounds with different permeability, indicating it as a potential in vitro model for BBB permeability assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu Yang
- a Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tiantan Hospital , Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
| | - Hong Jin
- b Institute of Disease Prevention and Control of PLA , Beijing , China
| | - Zhigang Zhao
- a Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tiantan Hospital , Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Yang S, Mei S, Jin H, Zhu B, Tian Y, Huo J, Cui X, Guo A, Zhao Z. Identification of two immortalized cell lines, ECV304 and bEnd3, for in vitro permeability studies of blood-brain barrier. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187017. [PMID: 29059256 PMCID: PMC5653355 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To identify suitable cell lines for a mimetic system of in vivo blood-brain barrier (BBB) for drug permeability assessment, we characterized two immortalized cell lines, ECV304 and bEnd3 in the respect of the tightness, tight junction proteins, P-glycoprotein (P-gp) function and discriminative brain penetration. The ECV304 monoculture achieved higher transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) and lower permeability to Lucifer yellow than bEnd3. However, co-culture with rat glioma C6 cells impaired the integrity of ECV304 and bEnd3 cell layers perhaps due to the heterogeneity among C6 cells in inducing BBB characteristics. The immunostaining of ZO-1 delivered distinct bands along cell borders on both cell lines while those of occludin and claudin-5 were diffused and weak. P-gp functionality was only proved in bEnd3 by Rhodamine 123 (R123) uptake assay. A permeability test of reference compounds displayed a similar rank order (digoxin < R123 < quinidine, verapamil < propranolol) in ECV304 and bEnd3 cells. In comparison with bEnd3, ECV304 developed tighter barrier for the passage of reference compounds and higher discrimination between transcellular and paracellular transport. However, the monoculture models of ECV304 and bEnd3 fail to achieve the sufficient tightness of in vitro BBB permeability models with high TEER and evident immunostaining of tight junction proteins. Further strategies to enhance the paracellular tightness of both cell lines to mimic in vivo BBB tight barrier deserve to be conducted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shenghui Mei
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Jin
- Institute of Disease Prevention and Control of PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Tian
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiping Huo
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Cui
- Neurology Research, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Anchen Guo
- Laboratory of Clinical Medicine Research, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China
- Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (ZZ); (AG)
| | - Zhigang Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (ZZ); (AG)
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Guo JW, Guan PP, Ding WY, Wang SL, Huang XS, Wang ZY, Wang P. Erythrocyte membrane-encapsulated celecoxib improves the cognitive decline of Alzheimer's disease by concurrently inducing neurogenesis and reducing apoptosis in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. Biomaterials 2017; 145:106-127. [PMID: 28865290 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the loss of neurogenesis and excessive induction of apoptosis. The induction of neurogenesis and inhibition of apoptosis may be a promising therapeutic approach to combating the disease. Celecoxib (CB), a cyclooxygenase-2 specific inhibitor, could offer neuroprotection. Specifically, the CB-encapsulated erythrocyte membranes (CB-RBCMs) sustained the release of CB over a period of 72 h in vitro and exhibited high brain biodistribution efficiency following intranasal administration, which resulted in the clearance of aggregated β-amyloid proteins (Aβ) in neurons. The high accumulation of the CB-RBCMs in neurons resulted in a decrease in the neurotoxicity of CB and an increase in the migratory activity of neurons, and alleviated cognitive decline in APP/PS1 transgenic (Tg) mice. Indeed, COX-2 metabolic products including prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and PGD2, PGE2 induced neurogenesis by enhancing the expression of SOD2 and 14-3-3ζ, and PGD2 stimulated apoptosis by increasing the expression of BIK and decreasing the expression of ARRB1. To this end, the CB-RBCMs achieved better effects on concurrently increasing neurogenesis and decreasing apoptosis than the phospholipid membrane-encapsulated CB liposomes (CB-PSPD-LPs), which are critical for the development and progression of AD. Therefore, CB-RBCMs provide a rational design to treat AD by promoting the self-repairing capacity of the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Wen Guo
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, PR China
| | - Pei-Pei Guan
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, PR China
| | - Wei-Yan Ding
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, PR China
| | - Si-Ling Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110016, PR China
| | - Xue-Shi Huang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, PR China
| | - Zhan-You Wang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, PR China.
| | - Pu Wang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|