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Castelli V, Brandolini L, d’Angelo M, Giorgio C, Alfonsetti M, Cocchiaro P, Lombardi F, Cimini A, Allegretti M. CXCR1/2 Inhibitor Ladarixin Ameliorates the Insulin Resistance of 3T3-L1 Adipocytes by Inhibiting Inflammation and Improving Insulin Signaling. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092324. [PMID: 34571976 PMCID: PMC8471705 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a severe public health issue worldwide. It displays a harmful effect on different organs as the eyes, kidneys and neural cells due to insulin resistance and high blood glucose concentrations. To date, the available treatments for this disorder remain limited. Several reports have correlated obesity with type 2 diabetes. Mainly, dysfunctional adipocytes and the regulation of high secretion of inflammatory cytokines are the crucial links between obesity and insulin resistance. Several clinical and epidemiological studies have also correlated the onset of type 2 diabetes with inflammation, which is now indicated as a new target for type 2 diabetes treatment. Thus, it appears essential to discover new drugs able to inhibit the secretion of proinflammatory adipocytokines in type 2 diabetes. Adipocytes produce inflammatory cytokines in response to inflammation or high glucose levels. Once activated by a specific ligand, CXCR1 and CXCR2 mediate some cytokines’ effects by activating an intracellular signal cascade once activated by a specific ligand. Therefore, it is conceivable to hypothesize that a specific antagonist of these receptors may ameliorate type 2 diabetes and glucose metabolism. Herein, differentiated 3T3-L1-adipocytes were subjected to high glucose or inflammatory conditions or the combination of both and then treated with ladarixin, a CXCR1/2 inhibitor. The results obtained point towards the positive regulation by ladarixin on insulin sensitivity, glucose transporters GLUT1 and GLUT4, cytokine proteome profile and lipid metabolism, thus suggesting ladarixin as a potentially helpful treatment in type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Castelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (V.C.); (M.d.); (M.A.); (F.L.)
| | - Laura Brandolini
- Dompè Farmaceutici SpA, Via Campo di Pile, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (L.B.); (C.G.); (P.C.)
| | - Michele d’Angelo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (V.C.); (M.d.); (M.A.); (F.L.)
| | - Cristina Giorgio
- Dompè Farmaceutici SpA, Via Campo di Pile, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (L.B.); (C.G.); (P.C.)
| | - Margherita Alfonsetti
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (V.C.); (M.d.); (M.A.); (F.L.)
| | - Pasquale Cocchiaro
- Dompè Farmaceutici SpA, Via Campo di Pile, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (L.B.); (C.G.); (P.C.)
| | - Francesca Lombardi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (V.C.); (M.d.); (M.A.); (F.L.)
| | - Annamaria Cimini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (V.C.); (M.d.); (M.A.); (F.L.)
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine and Center for Biotechnology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (M.A.)
| | - Marcello Allegretti
- Dompè Farmaceutici SpA, Via Campo di Pile, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (L.B.); (C.G.); (P.C.)
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (M.A.)
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2
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Aviel YB, Ofir A, Ben-Izhak O, Vlodavsky E, Karbian N, Brik R, Mevorach D, Magen D. A novel loss-of-function mutation in LACC1 underlies hereditary juvenile arthritis with extended intra-familial phenotypic heterogeneity. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 60:4888-4898. [PMID: 33493343 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keab017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate phenotypic and molecular characteristics of a consanguineous family with autosomal-recessive, polyarticular, juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) with extra-articular manifestations, including renal amyloidosis and Crohn's disease, associated with a novel homozygous truncating variant in LACC1. METHODS Whole exome sequencing (WES) or targeted Sanger verification were performed in 15 participants. LACC1 expression and cytokine array were analyzed in patient-derived and CRISPR/Cas9-generated LACC1-knockout macrophages (Mϕ). RESULTS A homozygous truncating variant (p.Glu348Ter) in LACC1 was identified in three affected and one asymptomatic family member, and predicted harmful by causing premature stop of the LACC1 protein sequences, and by absence from ethnically-matched controls and public variation databases. Expression studies in patient-derived macrophages (Mϕ) showed no endogenous p. Glu348Ter-LACC1 RNA transcription or protein expression, compatible with nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. WES analysis in the asymptomatic homozygous subject for p. Glu348Ter-LACC1 detected an exclusive heterozygous variant (p.Arg928Gln) in complement component C5. Further complement activity analysis suggested a protective role for the p. Arg928Gln-C5 variant as a phenotypic modifier of LACC1-associated disease. Finally, cytokine profile analysis indicated increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in LACC1-disrupted as compared with wild-type Mϕ. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reinforce the role of LACC1 disruption in autosomal-recessive JIA, extend the clinical spectrum and intra-familial heterogeneity of the disease-associated phenotype, indicate a modulatory effect of complement factor C5 on phenotypic severity, and suggest an inhibitory role for wild-type LACC1 on pro-inflammatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonatan Butbul Aviel
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Rheumatology Service, Ruth Children's Hospital, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.,Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ayala Ofir
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ofer Ben-Izhak
- Department of Pathology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.,Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Euvgeni Vlodavsky
- Department of Pathology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.,Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Netanel Karbian
- Rheumatology Research Center, Department of Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Riva Brik
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Rheumatology Service, Ruth Children's Hospital, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.,Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Dror Mevorach
- Rheumatology Research Center, Department of Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Daniella Magen
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Pediatric Nephrology Institute, Ruth Children's Hospital, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
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3
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Ballak DB, Brunt VE, Sapinsley ZJ, Ziemba BP, Richey JJ, Zigler MC, Johnson LC, Gioscia‐Ryan RA, Culp‐Hill R, Eisenmesser EZ, D'Alessandro A, Dinarello CA, Seals DR. Short-term interleukin-37 treatment improves vascular endothelial function, endurance exercise capacity, and whole-body glucose metabolism in old mice. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13074. [PMID: 31755162 PMCID: PMC6974720 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with vascular endothelial dysfunction, reduced exercise tolerance, and impaired whole-body glucose metabolism. Interleukin-37 (IL-37), an anti-inflammatory cytokine of the interleukin-1 family, exerts salutary physiological effects in young mice independent of its inflammation-suppressing properties. Here, we assess the efficacy of IL-37 treatment for improving physiological function in older age. Old mice (26-28 months) received daily intraperitoneal injections of recombinant human IL-37 (recIL-37; 1 µg/200 ml PBS) or vehicle (200 ml PBS) for 10-14 days. Vascular endothelial function (ex vivo carotid artery dilation to increasing doses of acetylcholine, ACh) was enhanced in recIL-37 vs. vehicle-treated mice via increased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability (all p < .05); this effect was accompanied by enhanced ACh-stimulated NO production and reduced levels of reactive oxygen species in endothelial cells cultured with plasma from IL-37-treated animals (p < .05 vs. vehicle plasma). RecIL-37 treatment increased endurance exercise capacity by 2.4-fold, which was accompanied by a 2.9-fold increase in the phosphorylated AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) to AMPK ratio (i.e., AMPK activation) in quadriceps muscle. RecIL-37 treatment also improved whole-body insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance (p < .05 vs. vehicle). Improvements in physiological function occurred without significant changes in plasma, aortic, and skeletal muscle pro-inflammatory proteins (under resting conditions), whereas pro-/anti-inflammatory IL-6 was greater in recIL-37-treated animals. Plasma metabolomics analysis revealed that recIL-37 treatment altered metabolites related to pathways involved in NO synthesis (e.g., increased L-arginine and citrulline/arginine ratio) and fatty acid metabolism (e.g., increased pantothenol and free fatty acids). Our findings provide experimental support for IL-37 therapy as a novel strategy to improve diverse physiological functions in old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dov B. Ballak
- Department of Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCOUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Colorado DenverAuroraCOUSA
| | - Vienna E. Brunt
- Department of Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCOUSA
| | | | - Brian P. Ziemba
- Department of Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCOUSA
| | - James J. Richey
- Department of Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCOUSA
| | - Melanie C. Zigler
- Department of Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCOUSA
| | - Lawrence C. Johnson
- Department of Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCOUSA
| | | | | | | | | | - Charles A. Dinarello
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Colorado DenverAuroraCOUSA
- Department of Internal MedicineRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Douglas R. Seals
- Department of Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCOUSA
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Moritoki Y, Tsuneyama K, Nakamura Y, Kikuchi K, Shiota A, Ohsugi Y, Lian ZX, Zhang W, Yang GX, Ueki S, Takeda M, Omokawa A, Saga T, Saga A, Watanabe D, Miura M, Ueno Y, Leung PSC, Tanaka A, Gershwin ME, Hirokawa M. Anti-drug Antibodies Against a Novel Humanized Anti-CD20 Antibody Impair Its Therapeutic Effect on Primary Biliary Cholangitis in Human CD20- and FcγR-Expressing Mice. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2534. [PMID: 30450101 PMCID: PMC6224429 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is considerable interest in expanding B cell-targeted therapies in human autoimmune diseases. However, clinical trials in human primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) using a chimeric antibody against human CD20 (hCD20) have showed limited efficacy. Two potential explanations for these disappointing results are the appearance of anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) and the high frequency of patients with moderate PBC or patients who had failed ursodeoxycholic acid treatment. Here, we studied a novel humanized IgG1 antibody against hCD20 and explored its efficacy in early stage PBC using a well-defined murine model. We developed a unique murine model consisting of dnTGF-βRII mice expressing hCD20 and human Fcγ receptors (hFcγRs). Beginning at 4–6 weeks of age, equivalent to stage I/II human PBC, female mice were given weekly injections of an anti-hCD20 antibody (TKM-011) or vehicle control, and monitored for liver histology as well as a broad panel of immunological readouts. After 16 weeks' treatment, we observed a significant reduction in portal inflammation, a decrease in liver-infiltrating mononuclear cells as well as a reduction in liver CD8+ T cells. Importantly, direct correlations between numbers of liver non-B cells and B cells (r = 0.7426, p = 0.0006) and between numbers of liver memory CD8+ T cells and B cells (r = 0.6423, p = 0.0054) were apparent. Accompanying these changes was a dramatic reduction in anti-mitochondrial antibodies (AMAs), interleukin (IL)-12p40 and IL-5, and elevated levels of the anti-inflammatory chemokine CXCL1/KC. In mice that developed ADAs, clinical improvements were less pronounced. Sustained treatment with B cell-targeted therapies may broadly inhibit effector pathways in PBC, but may need to be administered early in the natural history of PBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Moritoki
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.,Center for Medical Education and Training, Akita University Hospital, Akita, Japan.,SimTiki Simulation Center, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Koichi Tsuneyama
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yuka Nakamura
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Kentaro Kikuchi
- Department of Fourth Internal Medicine, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Akira Shiota
- Institute of Immunology, Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Zhe-Xiong Lian
- Chronic Disease Laboratory, Institutes for Life Sciences and School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weici Zhang
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Genome and Biomedical Sciences Facility, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Guo-Xiang Yang
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Genome and Biomedical Sciences Facility, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Shigeharu Ueki
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Masahide Takeda
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Ayumi Omokawa
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Tomoo Saga
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Akiko Saga
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | | | - Masahito Miura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Omagari Kosei Medical Center, Omagari, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Ueno
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Patrick S C Leung
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Genome and Biomedical Sciences Facility, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Atsushi Tanaka
- Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Eric Gershwin
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Genome and Biomedical Sciences Facility, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Makoto Hirokawa
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
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Mattingly AJ, Laitano O, Clanton TL. Epinephrine stimulates CXCL1 IL-1 α, IL-6 secretion in isolated mouse limb muscle. Physiol Rep 2018; 5. [PMID: 29192066 PMCID: PMC5727277 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Catecholamines stimulate interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) secretion in skeletal muscles. However, whether other cytokines are secreted is currently unknown. Skeletal muscle ex vivo preparations commonly used to study cytokine secretion have dealt with limitations including auto‐oxidation of catecholamines. The use of metal chelators could be an alternative to avoid auto‐oxidation and allow catecholamines to be used at physiological doses. We exposed isolated soleus muscles to 1 or 100 ng/mL epinephrine (EPI) and collected bath samples at 1 and 2 h for multiplex cytokine analysis. Keratinocyte chemoattractant (CXCL1), IL‐6, and IL‐1α were significantly elevated by 100 ng/mL exposure, but not by 1 ng/mL (median [CXCL1] (2 h) = 83 pg/mL; [IL‐6] = 19 pg/mL; IL‐1α = 7.5 pg/mL). CXCL1 and IL‐6 were highly correlated in each sample (P = 0.0001). A second experiment combined the metal chelator, deferoxamine mesylate (DFO), to prevent EPI autoxidation, with 2 ng/mL EPI and 10.5 ng/mL norepinephrine (NOREPI) to mimic peak exercise. Unexpectedly, DFO alone stimulated both IL‐6 and CXCL1 secretion, but together with EPI and NOREPI had no additional effects. Stimulation of cytokine secretory responses from skeletal muscle cells in response to DFO thus precludes its use as a chelating agent in ex vivo models. In conclusion, 100 ng/mL EPI stimulates a robust secretory CXCL1 response, which together with IL‐6 and IL‐1α, may constitute an adrenal‐muscle endocrine response system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J Mattingly
- Department of Applied Physiology & Kinesiology, University of Florida, College of Health and Human Performance, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Orlando Laitano
- Department of Applied Physiology & Kinesiology, University of Florida, College of Health and Human Performance, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Thomas L Clanton
- Department of Applied Physiology & Kinesiology, University of Florida, College of Health and Human Performance, Gainesville, Florida
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Jang KW, Tu TW, Nagle ME, Lewis BK, Burks SR, Frank JA. Molecular and histological effects of MR-guided pulsed focused ultrasound to the rat heart. J Transl Med 2017; 15:252. [PMID: 29237455 PMCID: PMC5729396 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-017-1361-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Image-guided high intensity focused ultrasound has been used as an extracorporeal cardiac pacing tool and to enhance homing of stem cells to targeted tissues. However, molecular changes in the myocardium after sonication have not been widely investigated. Magnetic-resonance (MR)-guided pulsed focused ultrasound (pFUS) was targeted to the rat myocardium over a range of pressures and the microenvironmental and histological effects were evaluated over time. METHODS Eight-to-ten-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats received T2-weighted MR images to target pFUS to the left ventricular and septum without cardiac or respiratory gating. Rats were sonicated through the thoracic wall at peak negative pressures (PNP) from 1 to 8 MPa at a center frequency of 1 MHz, 10 ms pulse duration and 1 Hz pulse repetition frequency for 100 pulses per focal target. Following pFUS, myocardium was harvested over 24 h and subjected to imaging, proteomic, and histological measurements. RESULTS pFUS to the myocardium increased expression of cytokines, chemokines, and trophic factors characterized by an initial increase in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α followed by increases in pro- and anti-inflammatory factors that returned to baseline by 24 h. Immediately after pFUS, there was a transient (< 1 h) increase in N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) without elevation of other cardiac injury markers. A relationship between PNP and expression of TNF-α and NT-proBNP was observed with significant changes (p < 0.05 ANOVA) ≥ 4 MPa compared to untreated controls. Contrast-enhanced ex vivo T1-weighted MRI revealed vascular leakage in sonicated myocardium that was accompanied by the presence of albumin upon immunohistochemistry. Histology revealed infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages without morphological myofibril changes in sonicated tissue accompanied by pulmonary hemorrhage at PNP > 4 MPa. CONCLUSIONS MR-guided pFUS to myocardium induced transient proteomic and histological changes. The temporal proteomic changes in the myocardium indicate a short-lived sterile inflammatory response consistent with ischemia or contusion. Further study of myocardial function and strain is needed to determine if pFUS could be developed as an experimental model of cardiac injury and chest trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kee W Jang
- Frank Laboratory, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Tsang-Wei Tu
- Frank Laboratory, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Matthew E Nagle
- Frank Laboratory, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Bobbi K Lewis
- Frank Laboratory, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Scott R Burks
- Frank Laboratory, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Joseph A Frank
- Frank Laboratory, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.,National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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7
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Torán JL, Aguilar S, López JA, Torroja C, Quintana JA, Santiago C, Abad JL, Gomes-Alves P, Gonzalez A, Bernal JA, Jiménez-Borreguero LJ, Alves PM, R-Borlado L, Vázquez J, Bernad A. CXCL6 is an important paracrine factor in the pro-angiogenic human cardiac progenitor-like cell secretome. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12490. [PMID: 28970523 PMCID: PMC5624898 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11976-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies in recent years have established that the principal effects in cardiac cell therapy are associated with paracrine/autocrine factors. We combined several complementary techniques to define human cardiac progenitor cell (CPC) secretome constituted by 914 proteins/genes; 51% of these are associated with the exosomal compartment. To define the set of proteins specifically or highly differentially secreted by CPC, we compared human mesenchymal stem cells and dermal fibroblasts; the study defined a group of growth factors, cytokines and chemokines expressed at high to medium levels by CPC. Among them, IL-1, GROa (CXCL1), CXCL6 (GCP2) and IL-8 are examples whose expression was confirmed by most techniques used. ELISA showed that CXCL6 is significantly overexpressed in CPC conditioned medium (CM) (18- to 26-fold) and western blot confirmed expression of its receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2. Addition of anti-CXCL6 completely abolished migration in CPC-CM compared with anti-CXCR2, which promoted partial inhibition, and anti-CXCR1, which was inefficient. Anti-CXCL6 also significantly inhibited CPC CM angiogenic activity. In vivo evaluation also supported a relevant role for angiogenesis. Altogether, these results suggest a notable angiogenic potential in CPC-CM and identify CXCL6 as an important paracrine factor for CPC that signals mainly through CXCR2.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/pharmacology
- Cell Movement
- Chemokine CXCL1/genetics
- Chemokine CXCL1/metabolism
- Chemokine CXCL6/antagonists & inhibitors
- Chemokine CXCL6/genetics
- Chemokine CXCL6/metabolism
- Culture Media, Conditioned/chemistry
- Culture Media, Conditioned/metabolism
- Fibroblasts/cytology
- Fibroblasts/drug effects
- Fibroblasts/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/cytology
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/drug effects
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Humans
- Interleukin-1/genetics
- Interleukin-1/metabolism
- Interleukin-8/genetics
- Interleukin-8/metabolism
- Male
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/cytology
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/drug effects
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Myocardium/cytology
- Myocardium/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Physiologic/genetics
- Paracrine Communication/genetics
- Proteome/genetics
- Proteome/metabolism
- Receptors, Interleukin-8A/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Interleukin-8A/genetics
- Receptors, Interleukin-8A/metabolism
- Receptors, Interleukin-8B/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Interleukin-8B/genetics
- Receptors, Interleukin-8B/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Stem Cells/cytology
- Stem Cells/drug effects
- Stem Cells/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Torán
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiovascular Development and Repair Department, Spanish National Cardiovascular Research Center (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Aguilar
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiovascular Development and Repair Department, Spanish National Cardiovascular Research Center (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio López
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Laboratory, Spanish National Cardiovascular Research Center (CNIC), Melchor Fernaández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Torroja
- Bioinformatics Unit, Spanish National Cardiovascular Research Center (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Quintana
- Cardiovascular Development and Repair Department, Spanish National Cardiovascular Research Center (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Cell and Developmental Biology, Spanish National Cardiovascular Research Center (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cesar Santiago
- Department of Macromolecular Structures, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Abad
- Coretherapix SLU, Santiago Grisolia 2, 28769, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Gomes-Alves
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Andrés Gonzalez
- Myocardial pathophysiology, Spanish National Cardiovascular Research Center (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Bernal
- Myocardial pathophysiology, Spanish National Cardiovascular Research Center (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Jesús Jiménez-Borreguero
- Cell and Developmental Biology, Spanish National Cardiovascular Research Center (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital de la Princesa, Diego de León 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Marques Alves
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Luis R-Borlado
- Coretherapix SLU, Santiago Grisolia 2, 28769, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Vázquez
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Laboratory, Spanish National Cardiovascular Research Center (CNIC), Melchor Fernaández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Bernad
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
- Cardiovascular Development and Repair Department, Spanish National Cardiovascular Research Center (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
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8
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Liu H, Lo CM, Yeung OWH, Li CX, Liu XB, Qi X, Ng KTP, Liu J, Ma YY, Lam YF, Lian Q, Chan SC, Man K. NLRP3 inflammasome induced liver graft injury through activation of telomere-independent RAP1/KC axis. J Pathol 2017; 242:284-296. [PMID: 28378341 DOI: 10.1002/path.4901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Acute-phase inflammation plays a critical role in liver graft injury. Inflammasomes, multi-molecular complexes in the cytoplasm, are responsible for initiating inflammation. Here, we aimed to explore the role of inflammasomes in liver graft injury and further to investigate the regulatory mechanism. In a clinical liver transplant cohort, we found that intragraft expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes was significantly up-regulated post-transplantation. Importantly, overexpression of NLRP3 was strongly associated with poor liver function characterized by high levels of ALT, AST, and urea, as well as neutrophil infiltration after transplantation. The significant correlation between NLRP3 and IL-1β mRNA levels led us to focus on one of the associated upstream regulators, telomere-independent repressor activator protein 1 (RAP1), which was further proved to be co-localized with NLRP3 in neutrophils. In the liver of a mouse model (hepatic ischaemia/reperfusion and hepatectomy model) and isolated neutrophils from RAP1-/- mice, the expression levels of NLRP3 and keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC) were significantly down-regulated in contrast to those in wild types. The levels of ALT and AST, as well as the neutrophil infiltration, were also decreased by RAP1 deficiency. In our clinical validation, intragraft KC expression was associated with NLRP3 and co-localized with RAP1 in neutrophils. Furthermore, NLRP3 inflammasomes were up-regulated by recombinant KC in the isolated neutrophils and liver of the mouse model. Our data demonstrated that NLRP3 inflammasomes, activated by the RAP1/KC axis, played a critical role in initiating inflammation during the early stage of liver graft injury. Targeting RAP1/KC/NLRP3 inflammasomes may offer a new therapeutic strategy against liver graft injury. Copyright © 2017 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Chung Mau Lo
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, PR China
| | - Oscar Wai Ho Yeung
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Chang Xian Li
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Xiao Bing Liu
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Xiang Qi
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Kevin Tak Pan Ng
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Yuen Yuen Ma
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Yin Fan Lam
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Qizhou Lian
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - See Ching Chan
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Kwan Man
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, PR China
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9
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King MA, Leon LR, Morse DA, Clanton TL. Unique cytokine and chemokine responses to exertional heat stroke in mice. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2016; 122:296-306. [PMID: 27909226 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00667.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In heat stroke, cytokines are believed to play important roles in multiorgan dysfunction and recovery of damaged tissue. The time course of the cytokine response is well defined in passive heat stroke (PHS), but little is known about exertional heat stroke (EHS). In this study we used a recently developed mouse EHS model to measure the responses of circulating cytokines/chemokines and cytokine gene expression in muscle. A very rapid increase in circulating IL-6 was observed at maximum core temperature (Tc,max) that peaked at 0.5 h of recovery and disappeared by 3 h. IL-10 was not elevated at any time. This contrasts with PHS where both IL-6 and IL-10 peak at 3 h of recovery. Keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC), granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2, MIP-1β, and monocyte chemoattractive factor-1 also demonstrated near peak responses at 0.5 h. Only G-CSF and KC remained elevated at 3 h. Muscle mRNA for innate immune cytokines (IL-6, IL-10, IL-1β, but not TNF-α) were greatly increased in diaphragm and soleus compared with similar measurements in PHS. We hypothesized that these altered cytokine responses in EHS may be due to a lower Tc,max achieved in EHS or a lower overall heat load. However, when these variables were controlled for, they could not account for the differences between EHS and PHS. We conclude that moderate exercise, superimposed on heat exposure, alters the pattern of circulating cytokine and chemokine production and muscle cytokine expression in EHS. This response may comprise an endocrine reflex to exercise in heat that initiates survival pathways and early onset tissue repair mechanisms. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Immune modulators called cytokines are released following extreme hyperthermia leading to heat stroke. It is not known whether exercise in hyperthermia, leading to EHS, influences this response. Using a mouse model of EHS, we discovered a rapid accumulation of interleukin-6 and other cytokines involved in immune cell trafficking. This response may comprise a protective mechanism for early induction of cell survival and tissue repair pathways needed for recovery from thermal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A King
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, The University of Florida; and
| | - Lisa R Leon
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts
| | - Deborah A Morse
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, The University of Florida; and
| | - Thomas L Clanton
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, The University of Florida; and
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10
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The human amniotic fluid stem cell secretome effectively counteracts doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29994. [PMID: 27444332 PMCID: PMC4956770 DOI: 10.1038/srep29994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The anthracycline doxorubicin (Dox) is widely used in oncology, but it may cause a cardiomyopathy with bleak prognosis that cannot be effectively prevented. The secretome of human amniotic fluid-derived stem cells (hAFS) has previously been demonstrated to significantly reduce ischemic cardiac damage. Here it is shown that, following hypoxic preconditioning, hAFS conditioned medium (hAFS-CM) antagonizes senescence and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes and cardiac progenitor cells, two major features of Dox cardiotoxicity. Mechanistic studies with mouse neonatal ventricular cardiomyocytes (mNVCM) reveal that hAFS-CM inhibition of Dox-elicited senescence and apoptosis is associated with decreased DNA damage, nuclear translocation of NF-kB, and upregulation of the NF-kB controlled genes, Il6 and Cxcl1, promoting mNVCM survival. Furthermore, hAFS-CM induces expression of the efflux transporter, Abcb1b, and Dox extrusion from mNVCM. The PI3K/Akt signaling cascade, upstream of NF-kB, is potently activated by hAFS-CM and pre-treatment with a PI3K inhibitor abrogates NF-kB accumulation into the nucleus, modulation of Il6, Cxcl1 and Abcb1b, and prevention of Dox-initiated senescence and apoptosis in response to hAFS-CM. These results support the concept that hAFS are a valuable source of cardioprotective factors and lay the foundations for the development of a stem cell-based paracrine treatment of chemotherapy-related cardiotoxicity.
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11
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Yang Y, Lv J, Jiang S, Ma Z, Wang D, Hu W, Deng C, Fan C, Di S, Sun Y, Yi W. The emerging role of Toll-like receptor 4 in myocardial inflammation. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2234. [PMID: 27228349 PMCID: PMC4917669 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Revised: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of pattern recognition receptors involved in cardiovascular diseases. Notably, numerous studies have demonstrated that TLR4 activates the expression of several of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes that play pivotal roles in myocardial inflammation, particularly myocarditis, myocardial infarction, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and heart failure. In addition, TLR4 is an emerging target for anti-inflammatory therapies. Given the significance of TLR4, it would be useful to summarize the current literature on the molecular mechanisms and roles of TLR4 in myocardial inflammation. Thus, in this review, we first introduce the basic knowledge of the TLR4 gene and describe the activation and signaling pathways of TLR4 in myocardial inflammation. Moreover, we highlight the recent progress of research on the involvement of TLR4 in myocardial inflammation. The information reviewed here may be useful to further experimental research and to increase the potential of TLR4 as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China.,Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - J Lv
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - S Jiang
- Department of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Z Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - D Wang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - W Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - C Deng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - C Fan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - S Di
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Y Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - W Yi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
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12
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Chemokines and Heart Disease: A Network Connecting Cardiovascular Biology to Immune and Autonomic Nervous Systems. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:5902947. [PMID: 27242392 PMCID: PMC4868905 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5902947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the chemokines discovered to date, nineteen are presently considered to be relevant in heart disease and are involved in all stages of cardiovascular response to injury. Chemokines are interesting as biomarkers to predict risk of cardiovascular events in apparently healthy people and as possible therapeutic targets. Moreover, they could have a role as mediators of crosstalk between immune and cardiovascular system, since they seem to act as a “working-network” in deep linkage with the autonomic nervous system. In this paper we will describe the single chemokines more involved in heart diseases; then we will present a comprehensive perspective of them as a complex network connecting the cardiovascular system to both the immune and the autonomic nervous systems. Finally, some recent evidences indicating chemokines as a possible new tool to predict cardiovascular risk will be described.
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