1
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Mayer I, Karimian T, Gordiyenko K, Angelin A, Kumar R, Hirtz M, Mikut R, Reischl M, Stegmaier J, Zhou L, Ma R, Nienhaus GU, Rabe KS, Lanzerstorfer P, Domínguez CM, Niemeyer CM. Surface-Patterned DNA Origami Rulers Reveal Nanoscale Distance Dependency of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Activation. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:1611-1619. [PMID: 38267020 PMCID: PMC10853960 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The nanoscale arrangement of ligands can have a major effect on the activation of membrane receptor proteins and thus cellular communication mechanisms. Here we report on the technological development and use of tailored DNA origami-based molecular rulers to fabricate "Multiscale Origami Structures As Interface for Cells" (MOSAIC), to enable the systematic investigation of the effect of the nanoscale spacing of epidermal growth factor (EGF) ligands on the activation of the EGF receptor (EGFR). MOSAIC-based analyses revealed that EGF distances of about 30-40 nm led to the highest response in EGFR activation of adherent MCF7 and Hela cells. Our study emphasizes the significance of DNA-based platforms for the detailed investigation of the molecular mechanisms of cellular signaling cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivy Mayer
- Institute
for Biological Interfaces (IBG-1), Karlsruhe
Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Tina Karimian
- School
of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences
Upper Austria, 4600 Wels, Austria
| | - Klavdiya Gordiyenko
- Institute
for Biological Interfaces (IBG-1), Karlsruhe
Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Alessandro Angelin
- Institute
for Biological Interfaces (IBG-1), Karlsruhe
Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Ravi Kumar
- Institute
of Nanotechnology (INT) & Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Michael Hirtz
- Institute
of Nanotechnology (INT) & Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Ralf Mikut
- Institute
for Automation and Applied Informatics (IAI), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Markus Reischl
- Institute
for Automation and Applied Informatics (IAI), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Johannes Stegmaier
- Institute
for Automation and Applied Informatics (IAI), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute
of Imaging and Computer Vision, RWTH Aachen
University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Lu Zhou
- Institute
of Applied Physics (APH), Karlsruhe Institute
of Technology (KIT), 76049 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Rui Ma
- Institute
of Applied Physics (APH), Karlsruhe Institute
of Technology (KIT), 76049 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Gerd Ulrich Nienhaus
- Institute
of Applied Physics (APH), Karlsruhe Institute
of Technology (KIT), 76049 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute
of Biological and Chemical Systems (IBCS) and Institute of Nanotechnology
(INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
(KIT), 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Department
of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Kersten S. Rabe
- Institute
for Biological Interfaces (IBG-1), Karlsruhe
Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Peter Lanzerstorfer
- School
of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences
Upper Austria, 4600 Wels, Austria
| | - Carmen M. Domínguez
- Institute
for Biological Interfaces (IBG-1), Karlsruhe
Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Christof M. Niemeyer
- Institute
for Biological Interfaces (IBG-1), Karlsruhe
Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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2
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Moura S, Hartl I, Brumovska V, Calabrese PP, Yasari A, Striedner Y, Bishara M, Mair T, Ebner T, Schütz GJ, Sevcsik E, Tiemann-Boege I. Exploring FGFR3 Mutations in the Male Germline: Implications for Clonal Germline Expansions and Paternal Age-Related Dysplasias. Genome Biol Evol 2024; 16:evae015. [PMID: 38411226 PMCID: PMC10898338 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evae015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Delayed fatherhood results in a higher risk of inheriting a new germline mutation that might result in a congenital disorder in the offspring. In particular, some FGFR3 mutations increase in frequency with age, but there are still a large number of uncharacterized FGFR3 mutations that could be expanding in the male germline with potentially early- or late-onset effects in the offspring. Here, we used digital polymerase chain reaction to assess the frequency and spatial distribution of 10 different FGFR3 missense substitutions in the sexually mature male germline. Our functional assessment of the receptor signaling of the variants with biophysical methods showed that 9 of these variants resulted in a higher activation of the receptor´s downstream signaling, resulting in 2 different expansion behaviors. Variants that form larger subclonal expansions in a dissected postmortem testis also showed a positive correlation of the substitution frequency with the sperm donor's age, and a high and ligand-independent FGFR3 activation. In contrast, variants that measured high FGFR3 signaling and elevated substitution frequencies independent of the donor's age did not result in measurable subclonal expansions in the testis. This suggests that promiscuous signal activation might also result in an accumulation of mutations before the sexual maturation of the male gonad with clones staying relatively constant in size throughout time. Collectively, these results provide novel insights into our understanding of the mutagenesis of driver mutations and their resulting mosaicism in the male germline with important consequences for the transmission and recurrence of associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Moura
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, USA
| | - Ingrid Hartl
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | | | - Peter P Calabrese
- Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Atena Yasari
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | - Yasmin Striedner
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | | | - Theresa Mair
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | - Thomas Ebner
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecological Endocrinology, Johannes Kepler University, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | | | - Eva Sevcsik
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
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3
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Wu PS, Lin MH, Hsiao JC, Lin PY, Pan SH, Chen YJ. EGFR-T790M Mutation-Derived Interactome Rerouted EGFR Translocation Contributing to Gefitinib Resistance in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Mol Cell Proteomics 2023; 22:100624. [PMID: 37495186 PMCID: PMC10545940 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2023.100624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Secondary mutation, T790M, conferring tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) resistance beyond oncogenic epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations presents a challenging unmet need. Although TKI-resistant mechanisms are intensively investigated, the underlying responses of cancer cells adapting drug perturbation are largely unknown. To illuminate the molecular basis linking acquired mutation to TKI resistance, affinity purification coupled mass spectrometry was adopted to dissect EGFR interactome in TKI-sensitive and TKI-resistant non-small cell lung cancer cells. The analysis revealed TKI-resistant EGFR-mutant interactome allocated in diverse subcellular distribution and enriched in endocytic trafficking, in which gefitinib intervention activated autophagy-mediated EGFR degradation and thus autophagy inhibition elevated gefitinib susceptibility. Alternatively, gefitinib prompted TKI-sensitive EGFR translocating toward cell periphery through Rab7 ubiquitination which may favor efficacy to TKIs suppression. This study revealed that T790M mutation rewired EGFR interactome that guided EGFR to autophagy-mediated degradation to escape treatment, suggesting that combination therapy with TKI and autophagy inhibitor may overcome acquired resistance in non-small cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Shan Wu
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Miao-Hsia Lin
- Department of Microbiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Pei-Yi Lin
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Hua Pan
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Doctoral Degree Program of Translational Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Ju Chen
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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4
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Hartl I, Brumovska V, Striedner Y, Yasari A, Schütz GJ, Sevcsik E, Tiemann-Boege I. Measurement of FGFR3 signaling at the cell membrane via total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy to compare the activation of FGFR3 mutants. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:102832. [PMID: 36581204 PMCID: PMC9900515 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) initiate signal transduction via the RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway by their tyrosine kinase activation known to determine cell growth, tissue differentiation, and apoptosis. Recently, many missense mutations have been reported for FGFR3, but we only know the functional effect for a handful of them. Some mutations result in aberrant FGFR3 signaling and are associated with various genetic disorders and oncogenic conditions. Here, we employed micropatterned surfaces to specifically enrich fluorophore-tagged FGFR3 (monomeric GFP [mGFP]-FGFR3) in certain areas of the plasma membrane of living cells. We quantified receptor activation via total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy of FGFR3 signaling at the cell membrane that captured the recruitment of the downstream signal transducer growth factor receptor-bound 2 (GRB2) tagged with mScarlet (GRB2-mScarlet) to FGFR3 micropatterns. With this system, we tested the activation of FGFR3 upon ligand addition (fgf1 and fgf2) for WT and four FGFR3 mutants associated with congenital disorders (G380R, Y373C, K650Q, and K650E). Our data showed that ligand addition increased GRB2 recruitment to WT FGFR3, with fgf1 having a stronger effect than fgf2. For all mutants, we found an increased basal receptor activity, and only for two of the four mutants (G380R and K650Q), activity was further increased upon ligand addition. Compared with previous reports, two mutant receptors (K650Q and K650E) had either an unexpectedly high or low activation state, respectively. This can be attributed to the different methodology, since micropatterning specifically captures signaling events at the plasma membrane. Collectively, our results provide further insight into the functional effects of mutations to FGFR3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Hartl
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | | | - Yasmin Striedner
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | - Atena Yasari
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | | | - Eva Sevcsik
- Insitute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria.
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5
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Hager R, Forsich C, Duchoslav J, Burgstaller C, Stifter D, Weghuber J, Lanzerstorfer P. Microcontact Printing of Biomolecules on Various Polymeric Substrates: Limitations and Applicability for Fluorescence Microscopy and Subcellular Micropatterning Assays. ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2022; 4:6887-6896. [PMID: 36277174 PMCID: PMC9578008 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.2c00834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric materials play an emerging role in biosensing interfaces. Within this regard, polymers can serve as a superior surface for binding and printing of biomolecules. In this study, we characterized 11 different polymer foils [cyclic olefin polymer (COP), cyclic olefin copolymer (COC), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), DI-Acetate, Lumirror 4001, Melinex 506, Melinex ST 504, polyamide 6, polyethersulfone, polyether ether ketone, and polyimide] to test for the applicability for surface functionalization, biomolecule micropatterning, and fluorescence microscopy approaches. Pristine polymer foils were characterized via UV-vis spectroscopy. Functional groups were introduced by plasma activation and epoxysilane-coating. Polymer modification was evaluated by water contact angle measurement and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Protein micropatterns were fabricated using microcontact printing. Functionalized substrates were characterized via fluorescence contrast measurements using epifluorescence and total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. Results showed that all polymer substrates could be chemically modified with epoxide functional groups, as indicated by reduced water contact angles compared to untreated surfaces. However, transmission and refractive index measurements revealed differences in important optical parameters, which was further proved by fluorescence contrast measurements of printed biomolecules. COC, COP, and PMMA were identified as the most promising alternatives to commonly used glass coverslips, which also showed superior applicability in subcellular micropatterning experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Hager
- School
of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences
Upper Austria, 4600 Wels, Austria
| | - Christian Forsich
- School
of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences
Upper Austria, 4600 Wels, Austria
| | - Jiri Duchoslav
- Center
for Surface and Nanoanalytics (ZONA), Johannes
Kepler University Linz, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Christoph Burgstaller
- School
of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences
Upper Austria, 4600 Wels, Austria
- Transfercenter
für Kunststofftechnik GmbH, 4600 Wels, Austria
| | - David Stifter
- Center
for Surface and Nanoanalytics (ZONA), Johannes
Kepler University Linz, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Julian Weghuber
- School
of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences
Upper Austria, 4600 Wels, Austria
- FFoQSI—Austrian
Competence Center for Feed and Food Quality, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Peter Lanzerstorfer
- School
of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences
Upper Austria, 4600 Wels, Austria
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6
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Domínguez CM, García-Chamé M, Müller U, Kraus A, Gordiyenko K, Itani A, Haschke H, Lanzerstorfer P, Rabe KS, Niemeyer CM. Linker Engineering of Ligand-Decorated DNA Origami Nanostructures Affects Biological Activity. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2202704. [PMID: 35934828 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202202704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
News from an old acquaintance: The streptavidin (STV)-biotin binding system is frequently used for the decoration of DNA origami nanostructures (DON) to study biological systems. Here, a surprisingly high dynamic of the STV/DON interaction is reported, which is affected by the structure of the DNA linker system. Analysis of different mono- or bi-dentate linker architectures on DON with a novel high-speed atomic force microscope (HS-AFM) enabling acquisition times as short as 50 ms per frame gave detailed insights into the dynamics of the DON/STV interaction, revealing dwell times in the sub-100 millisecond range. The linker systems are also used to present biotinylated epidermal growth factor on DON to study the activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor signaling cascade in HeLa cells. The studies confirm that cellular activation correlated with the binding properties of linker-specific STV/DON interactions observed by HS-AFM. This work sheds more light on the commonly used STV/DON system and will help to further standardize the use of DNA nanostructures for the study of biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen M Domínguez
- Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG-1), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Miguel García-Chamé
- Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG-1), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Müller
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Wels, 4600, Austria
| | - Andreas Kraus
- Bruker Nano GmbH, JPK BioAFM, Am Studio 2D, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klavdiya Gordiyenko
- Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG-1), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Ahmad Itani
- Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG-1), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Heiko Haschke
- Bruker Nano GmbH, JPK BioAFM, Am Studio 2D, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Lanzerstorfer
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Wels, 4600, Austria
| | - Kersten S Rabe
- Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG-1), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Christof M Niemeyer
- Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG-1), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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7
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Dirscherl C, Löchte S, Hein Z, Kopicki JD, Harders AR, Linden N, Karner A, Preiner J, Weghuber J, Garcia-Alai M, Uetrecht C, Zacharias M, Piehler J, Lanzerstorfer P, Springer S. Dissociation of β2m from MHC class I Triggers formation of Noncovalent, transient heavy chain dimers. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:274997. [PMID: 35393611 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
At the plasma membrane of mammalian cells, major histocompatibility complex class I molecules (MHC-I) present antigenic peptides to cytotoxic T cells. Following the loss of the peptide and the light chain beta-2 microglobulin (β2m), the resulting free heavy chains (FHCs) can associate into homotypic complexes in the plasma membrane. Here, we investigate the stoichiometry and dynamics of MHC-I FHCs assemblies by combining a micropattern assay with fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) and with single molecule co-tracking. We identify non-covalent MHC-I FHC dimers mediated by the α3 domain as the prevalent species at the plasma membrane, leading a moderate decrease in the diffusion coefficient. MHC-I FHC dimers show increased tendency to cluster into higher order oligomers as concluded from an increased immobile fraction with higher single molecule co-localization. In vitro studies with isolated proteins in conjunction with molecular docking and dynamics simulations suggest that in the complexes, the α3 domain of one FHC binds to another FHC in a manner similar to the β2m light chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Dirscherl
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Germany
| | - Sara Löchte
- Department of Biology and Center for Cellular Nanoanalytics, Osnabrück University, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Zeynep Hein
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Germany
| | - Janine-Denise Kopicki
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Noemi Linden
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Germany
| | - Andreas Karner
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Johannes Preiner
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Julian Weghuber
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, 4600 Wels, Austria
| | - Maria Garcia-Alai
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Outstation, Hamburg, Germany.,Centre for Structural Systems Biology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Uetrecht
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany.,European XFEL, Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Martin Zacharias
- Physics Department, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Jacob Piehler
- Department of Biology and Center for Cellular Nanoanalytics, Osnabrück University, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | | | - Sebastian Springer
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Germany
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8
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Karimian T, Hager R, Karner A, Weghuber J, Lanzerstorfer P. A Simplified and Robust Activation Procedure of Glass Surfaces for Printing Proteins and Subcellular Micropatterning Experiments. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12030140. [PMID: 35323410 PMCID: PMC8946821 DOI: 10.3390/bios12030140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Depositing biomolecule micropatterns on solid substrates via microcontact printing (µCP) usually requires complex chemical substrate modifications to initially create reactive surface groups. Here, we present a simplified activation procedure for untreated solid substrates based on a commercial polymer metal ion coating (AnteoBindTM Biosensor reagent) that allows for direct µCP and the strong attachment of proteins via avidity binding. In proof-of-concept experiments, we identified the optimum working concentrations of the surface coating, characterized the specificity of protein binding and demonstrated the suitability of this approach by subcellular micropatterning experiments in living cells. Altogether, this method represents a significant enhancement and simplification of existing µCP procedures and further increases the accessibility of protein micropatterning for cell biological research questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Karimian
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, 4600 Wels, Austria
| | - Roland Hager
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, 4600 Wels, Austria
| | - Andreas Karner
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Julian Weghuber
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, 4600 Wels, Austria
- FFoQSI GmbH, Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food Quality, Safety & Innovation, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Peter Lanzerstorfer
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, 4600 Wels, Austria
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9
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Hager R, Müller U, Ollinger N, Weghuber J, Lanzerstorfer P. Subcellular Dynamic Immunopatterning of Cytosolic Protein Complexes on Microstructured Polymer Substrates. ACS Sens 2021; 6:4076-4088. [PMID: 34652152 PMCID: PMC8630788 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c01574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Analysis of protein–protein
interactions in living cells
by protein micropatterning is currently limited to the spatial arrangement
of transmembrane proteins and their corresponding downstream molecules.
Here, we present a robust and straightforward method for dynamic immunopatterning
of cytosolic protein complexes by use of an artificial transmembrane
bait construct in combination with microstructured antibody arrays
on cyclic olefin polymer substrates. As a proof, the method was used
to characterize Grb2-mediated signaling pathways downstream of the
epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Ternary protein complexes
(Shc1:Grb2:SOS1 and Grb2:Gab1:PI3K) were identified, and we found
that EGFR downstream signaling is based on constitutively bound (Grb2:SOS1
and Grb2:Gab1) as well as on agonist-dependent protein associations
with transient interaction properties (Grb2:Shc1 and Grb2:PI3K). Spatiotemporal
analysis further revealed significant differences in stability and
exchange kinetics of protein interactions. Furthermore, we could show
that this approach is well suited to study the efficacy and specificity
of SH2 and SH3 protein domain inhibitors in a live cell context. Altogether,
this method represents a significant enhancement of quantitative subcellular
micropatterning approaches as an alternative to standard biochemical
analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Hager
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, School of Engineering, 4600 Wels, Austria
| | - Ulrike Müller
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, School of Engineering, 4600 Wels, Austria
| | - Nicole Ollinger
- Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety & Innovation, Head Office: FFoQSI GmbH, Technopark 1C, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Julian Weghuber
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, School of Engineering, 4600 Wels, Austria
- Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety & Innovation, Head Office: FFoQSI GmbH, Technopark 1C, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Peter Lanzerstorfer
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, School of Engineering, 4600 Wels, Austria
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10
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Stadlbauer V, Lanzerstorfer P, Neuhauser C, Weber F, Stübl F, Weber P, Wagner M, Plochberger B, Wieser S, Schneckenburger H, Weghuber J. Fluorescence Microscopy-Based Quantitation of GLUT4 Translocation: High Throughput or High Content? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217964. [PMID: 33120934 PMCID: PMC7662403 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the global rise of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in combination with insulin resistance, novel compounds to efficiently treat this pandemic disease are needed. Screening for compounds that induce the translocation of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) from the intracellular compartments to the plasma membrane in insulin-sensitive tissues is an innovative strategy. Here, we compared the applicability of three fluorescence microscopy-based assays optimized for the quantitation of GLUT4 translocation in simple cell systems. An objective-type scanning total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy approach was shown to have high sensitivity but only moderate throughput. Therefore, we implemented a prism-type TIR reader for the simultaneous analysis of large cell populations grown in adapted microtiter plates. This approach was found to be high throughput and have sufficient sensitivity for the characterization of insulin mimetic compounds in live cells. Finally, we applied confocal microscopy to giant plasma membrane vesicles (GPMVs) formed from GLUT4-expressing cells. While this assay has only limited throughput, it offers the advantage of being less sensitive to insulin mimetic compounds with high autofluorescence. In summary, the combined implementation of different fluorescence microscopy-based approaches enables the quantitation of GLUT4 translocation with high throughput and high content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Stadlbauer
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstraße 23, 4600 Wels, Austria; (C.N.); (F.S.)
- FFoQSI GmbH-Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, Technopark 1C, 3430 Tulln, Austria
- Correspondence: (V.S.); (P.L.); (J.W.); Tel.: +43-050804-44450 (V.S.); +43-050804-44402 (P.L.); +43-050804-44403 (J.W.)
| | - Peter Lanzerstorfer
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstraße 23, 4600 Wels, Austria; (C.N.); (F.S.)
- FFoQSI GmbH-Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, Technopark 1C, 3430 Tulln, Austria
- Correspondence: (V.S.); (P.L.); (J.W.); Tel.: +43-050804-44450 (V.S.); +43-050804-44402 (P.L.); +43-050804-44403 (J.W.)
| | - Cathrina Neuhauser
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstraße 23, 4600 Wels, Austria; (C.N.); (F.S.)
- FFoQSI GmbH-Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, Technopark 1C, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Florian Weber
- School of Medical Engineering and Applied Social Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Garnisonstraße 21, 4020 Linz, Austria; (F.W.); (B.P.)
| | - Flora Stübl
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstraße 23, 4600 Wels, Austria; (C.N.); (F.S.)
| | - Petra Weber
- Institute of Applied Research, Aalen University, Beethovenstraße 1, 73430 Aalen, Germany; (P.W.); (M.W.); (H.S.)
| | - Michael Wagner
- Institute of Applied Research, Aalen University, Beethovenstraße 1, 73430 Aalen, Germany; (P.W.); (M.W.); (H.S.)
| | - Birgit Plochberger
- School of Medical Engineering and Applied Social Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Garnisonstraße 21, 4020 Linz, Austria; (F.W.); (B.P.)
| | - Stefan Wieser
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Spain;
| | - Herbert Schneckenburger
- Institute of Applied Research, Aalen University, Beethovenstraße 1, 73430 Aalen, Germany; (P.W.); (M.W.); (H.S.)
| | - Julian Weghuber
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstraße 23, 4600 Wels, Austria; (C.N.); (F.S.)
- FFoQSI GmbH-Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, Technopark 1C, 3430 Tulln, Austria
- Correspondence: (V.S.); (P.L.); (J.W.); Tel.: +43-050804-44450 (V.S.); +43-050804-44402 (P.L.); +43-050804-44403 (J.W.)
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11
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Highly Modular Protein Micropatterning Sheds Light on the Role of Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis for the Quantitative Analysis of Protein-Protein Interactions in Live Cells. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10040540. [PMID: 32252486 PMCID: PMC7225972 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein micropatterning is a powerful tool for spatial arrangement of transmembrane and intracellular proteins in living cells. The restriction of one interaction partner (the bait, e.g., the receptor) in regular micropatterns within the plasma membrane and the monitoring of the lateral distribution of the bait’s interaction partner (the prey, e.g., the cytosolic downstream molecule) enables the in-depth examination of protein-protein interactions in a live cell context. This study reports on potential pitfalls and difficulties in data interpretation based on the enrichment of clathrin, which is a protein essential for clathrin-mediated receptor endocytosis. Using a highly modular micropatterning approach based on large-area micro-contact printing and streptavidin-biotin-mediated surface functionalization, clathrin was found to form internalization hotspots within the patterned areas, which, potentially, leads to unspecific bait/prey protein co-recruitment. We discuss the consequences of clathrin-coated pit formation on the quantitative analysis of relevant protein-protein interactions, describe controls and strategies to prevent the misinterpretation of data, and show that the use of DNA-based linker systems can lead to the improvement of the technical platform.
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12
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Fabrication, Characterization and Application of Biomolecule Micropatterns on Cyclic Olefin Polymer (COP) Surfaces with Adjustable Contrast. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2019; 10:bios10010003. [PMID: 31905666 PMCID: PMC7168193 DOI: 10.3390/bios10010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Peptide and protein micropatterns are powerful tools for the investigation of various cellular processes, including protein–protein interactions (PPIs). Within recent years, various approaches for the production of functional surfaces have been developed. Most of these systems use glass as a substrate, which has several drawbacks, including high fragility and costs, especially if implemented for fluorescence microscopy. In addition, conventional fabrication technologies such as microcontact printing (µCP) are frequently used for the transfer of biomolecules to the glass surface. In this case, it is challenging to adjust the biomolecule density. Here, we show that cyclic olefin polymer (COP) foils, with their encouraging properties, including the ease of manufacturing, chemical resistance, biocompatibility, low water absorption, and optical clarity, are a promising alternative to glass substrates for the fabrication of micropatterns. Using a photolithography-based approach, we generated streptavidin/biotinylated antibody patterns on COPs with the possibility of adjusting the pattern contrast by varying plasma activation parameters. Our experimental setup was finally successfully implemented for the analysis of PPIs in the membranes of live cells via total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy.
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13
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Schneckenburger H. Förster resonance energy transfer-what can we learn and how can we use it? Methods Appl Fluoresc 2019; 8:013001. [PMID: 31715588 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ab56e1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The present manuscript gives a short overview on Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) of molecular interactions in the nanometre range. First, its principle is described and a short historical overview is given. Subsequently some principal methods and applications of FRET sensing and imaging are described (with some emphasis on fluorescence lifetime imaging, FLIM), and finally two innovative FRET techniques are presented in more detail. Applications are focused on measurements of living cells.
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14
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Ryu JY, Kim J, Shon MJ, Sun J, Jiang X, Lee W, Yoon TY. Profiling protein-protein interactions of single cancer cells with in situ lysis and co-immunoprecipitation. LAB ON A CHIP 2019; 19:1922-1928. [PMID: 31073561 DOI: 10.1039/c9lc00139e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneity in a tumor allows a small portion of cancer cells to survive and regrow upon targeted cancer therapy, eventually leading to cancer relapse. Such drug-resistant cells often exhibit dynamic adaptation of their signaling pathways at the level of protein-protein interactions (PPIs). To probe the rewiring of signaling pathways and the heterogeneity across individual cancer cells, we developed a single-cell version of the co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) analysis that examines the amount and PPIs of target proteins immunoprecipitated from individual cells. The method captures cancer cells at predefined locations using a microfluidic chip, pulls down target proteins on the surface using antibodies, and lyses the captured cells in situ. Then, subsequent addition of eGFP-labeled downstream proteins enables the determination of the corresponding PPIs for the minimal amount of target proteins sampled from a single cell. We applied the technique to probe epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs) in PC9 lung adenocarcinoma cells. The results reveal that the strength of EGFR PPIs can be largely uncorrelated with the expression level of EGFRs in single cells. In addition, the individual PC9 cells showed markedly different patterns of PPIs, indicating a high heterogeneity in EGFR signaling within a genetically homogeneous population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Ryu
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea. and R&D Center, Proteina, Inc., Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Jihye Kim
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea.
| | - Min Ju Shon
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea.
| | - Jiashu Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wonhee Lee
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea. and Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Tae-Young Yoon
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea.
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15
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Motsch V, Brameshuber M, Baumgart F, Schütz GJ, Sevcsik E. A micropatterning platform for quantifying interaction kinetics between the T cell receptor and an intracellular binding protein. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3288. [PMID: 30824760 PMCID: PMC6397226 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39865-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A complete understanding of signaling processes at the plasma membrane depends on a quantitative characterization of the interactions of the involved proteins. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) is a widely used and convenient technique to obtain kinetic parameters on protein interactions in living cells. FRAP experiments to determine unbinding time constants for proteins at the plasma membrane, however, are often hampered by non-specific contributions to the fluorescence recovery signal. On the example of the interaction between the T cell receptor (TCR) and the Syk kinase ZAP70, we present here an approach based on protein micropatterning that allows the elimination of such non-specific contributions and considerably simplifies analysis of FRAP data. Specifically, detection and reference areas are created within single cells, each being either enriched or depleted in TCR, which permits the isolation of ZAP70-TCR binding in a straight-forward manner. We demonstrate the applicability of our method by comparing it to a conventional FRAP approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Motsch
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10, 1040, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mario Brameshuber
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10, 1040, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Baumgart
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10, 1040, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerhard J Schütz
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10, 1040, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Sevcsik
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10, 1040, Vienna, Austria.
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16
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Schneckenburger H, Weber P, Wagner M, Enderle S, Kalthof B, Schneider L, Herzog C, Weghuber J, Lanzerstorfer P. Combining TIR and FRET in Molecular Test Systems. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030648. [PMID: 30717378 PMCID: PMC6387052 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmaceutical agents or drugs often have a pronounced impact on protein-protein interactions in cells, and in particular, cell membranes. Changes of molecular conformations as well as of intermolecular interactions may affect dipole-dipole interaction between chromophoric groups, which can be proven by measuring the Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). If these chromophores are located within or in close proximity to the plasma membrane, they are excited preferentially by an evanescent electromagnetic wave upon total internal reflection (TIR) of an incident laser beam. For the TIR-FRET screening of larger cell collectives, we performed three separate steps: (1) setting up of a membrane associated test system for probing the interaction between the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the growth factor receptor-bound protein 2; (2) use of the Epac-SH188 sensor for quantitative evaluation under the microscope; and (3) application of a TIR fluorescence reader to probe the interaction of GFP with Nile Red. In the first two steps, we measured FRET from cyan (CFP) to yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) by spectral analysis and fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) upon illumination of whole cells (epi-illumination) as well as selective illumination of their plasma membranes by TIR. In particular, TIR excitation permitted FRET measurements with high sensitivity and low background. The Epac sensor showed a more rapid response to pharmaceutical agents, e.g., Forskolin or the A2B adenosine receptor agonist NECA, in close proximity to the plasma membrane compared to the cytosol. Finally, FRET from a membrane associated GFP to Nile Red was used to test a multi-well TIR fluorescence reader with simultaneous detection of a larger number of samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Petra Weber
- Institute of Applied Research, Aalen University, 73430 Aalen, Germany.
| | - Michael Wagner
- Institute of Applied Research, Aalen University, 73430 Aalen, Germany.
| | - Sandra Enderle
- Institute of Applied Research, Aalen University, 73430 Aalen, Germany.
| | - Bernd Kalthof
- Pharmaceutical Division, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Linn Schneider
- Pharmaceutical Division, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Claudia Herzog
- Pharmaceutical Division, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Julian Weghuber
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, 4600 Wels, Austria.
- Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, 4600 Wels, Austria.
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17
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Lindner M, Tresztenyak A, Fülöp G, Jahr W, Prinz A, Prinz I, Danzl JG, Schütz GJ, Sevcsik E. A Fast and Simple Contact Printing Approach to Generate 2D Protein Nanopatterns. Front Chem 2019; 6:655. [PMID: 30733939 PMCID: PMC6353799 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein micropatterning has become an important tool for many biomedical applications as well as in academic research. Current techniques that allow to reduce the feature size of patterns below 1 μm are, however, often costly and require sophisticated equipment. We present here a straightforward and convenient method to generate highly condensed nanopatterns of proteins without the need for clean room facilities or expensive equipment. Our approach is based on nanocontact printing and allows for the fabrication of protein patterns with feature sizes of 80 nm and periodicities down to 140 nm. This was made possible by the use of the material X-poly(dimethylsiloxane) (X-PDMS) in a two-layer stamp layout for protein printing. In a proof of principle, different proteins at various scales were printed and the pattern quality was evaluated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and super-resolution fluorescence microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Lindner
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
- Stratec Consumables GmbH, Anif, Austria
| | | | - Gergö Fülöp
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wiebke Jahr
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | | | | | - Johann G. Danzl
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | | | - Eva Sevcsik
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
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18
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Haselgrübler R, Stadlbauer V, Stübl F, Schwarzinger B, Rudzionyte I, Himmelsbach M, Iken M, Weghuber J. Insulin Mimetic Properties of Extracts Prepared from Bellis perennis. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102605. [PMID: 30314325 PMCID: PMC6222741 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and consequential cardiovascular diseases lead to millions of deaths worldwide each year; 90% of all people suffering from DM are classified as Type 2 DM (T2DM) patients. T2DM is linked to insulin resistance and a loss of insulin sensitivity. It leads to a reduced uptake of glucose mediated by glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) in muscle and adipose tissue, and finally hyperglycemia. Using a fluorescence microscopy-based screening assay we searched for herbal extracts that induce GLUT4 translocation in the absence of insulin, and confirmed their activity in chick embryos. We found that extracts prepared from Bellis perennis (common daisy) are efficient inducers of GLUT4 translocation in the applied in vitro cell system. In addition, these extracts also led to reduced blood glucose levels in chicken embryos (in ovo), confirming their activity in a living organism. Using high-performance liquid chromtaography (HPLC) analysis, we identified and quantified numerous polyphenolic compounds including apigenin glycosides, quercitrin and chlorogenic acid, which potentially contribute to the induction of GLUT4 translocation. In conclusion, Bellis perennis extracts reduce blood glucose levels and are therefore suitable candidates for application in food supplements for the prevention and accompanying therapy of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renate Haselgrübler
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, A-4600 Wels, Austria.
| | - Verena Stadlbauer
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, A-4600 Wels, Austria.
- Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, A-4600 Wels, Austria.
| | - Flora Stübl
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, A-4600 Wels, Austria.
| | - Bettina Schwarzinger
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, A-4600 Wels, Austria.
- Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, A-4600 Wels, Austria.
| | - Ieva Rudzionyte
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, A-4600 Wels, Austria.
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Institute for Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University, A-4040 Linz, Austria.
| | - Marcus Iken
- PM International AG, L-5445 Schengen, Luxembourg.
| | - Julian Weghuber
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, A-4600 Wels, Austria.
- Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, A-4600 Wels, Austria.
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19
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Dirscherl C, Springer S. Protein micropatterns printed on glass: Novel tools for protein-ligand binding assays in live cells. Eng Life Sci 2017; 18:124-131. [PMID: 32624894 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201700010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Micrometer-sized patterns of proteins on glass or silica surfaces are in widespread use as protein arrays for probing with ligands or recombinant proteins. More recently, they have been used to capture the surface proteins of mammalian cells seeded onto them, and to arrange these surface proteins into pattern structures. Binding of small molecule ligands or of other proteins, transmembrane or intracellular, to these captured surface proteins can then be quantified. However, reproducible production of protein micropatterns on surfaces can be technically difficult. In this review, we outline the wide potential and the current practical uses of printed protein micropatterns in a historical overview, and we detail some potential pitfalls and difficulties from our own experience, as well as ways to circumvent them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Dirscherl
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry Jacobs University Bremen Germany
| | - Sebastian Springer
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry Jacobs University Bremen Germany
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20
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Multi-level suppression of receptor-PI3K-mTORC1 by fatty acid synthase inhibitors is crucial for their efficacy against ovarian cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:11600-11613. [PMID: 28086243 PMCID: PMC5355289 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Receptor-PI3K-mTORC1 signaling and fatty acid synthase (FASN)-regulated lipid biosynthesis harbor numerous drug targets and are molecularly connected. We hypothesize that unraveling the mechanisms of pathway cross-talk will be useful for designing novel co-targeting strategies for ovarian cancer (OC). The impact of receptor-PI3K-mTORC1 onto FASN is already well-characterized. However, reverse actions–from FASN towards receptor-PI3K-mTORC1–are still elusive. We show that FASN-blockade impairs receptor-PI3K-mTORC1 signaling at multiple levels. Thin-layer chromatography and MALDI-MS/MS reveals that FASN-inhibitors (C75, G28UCM) augment polyunsaturated fatty acids and diminish signaling lipids diacylglycerol (DAG) and phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) in OC cells (SKOV3, OVCAR-3, A2780, HOC-7). Western blotting and micropatterning demonstrate that FASN-blockers impair phosphorylation/expression of EGF-receptor/ERBB/HER and decrease GRB2–EGF-receptor recruitment leading to PI3K-AKT suppression. FASN-inhibitors activate stress response-genes HIF-1α-REDD1 (RTP801/DIG2/DDIT4) and AMPKα causing mTORC1- and S6-repression. We conclude that FASN-inhibitor-mediated blockade of receptor-PI3K-mTORC1 occurs due to a number of distinct but cooperating processes. Moreover, decrease of PI3K-mTORC1 abolishes cross-repression of MEK-ERK causing ERK activation. Consequently, the MEK-inhibitor selumetinib/AZD6244, in contrast to the PI3K/mTOR-inhibitor dactolisib/NVP-BEZ235, increases growth inhibition when given together with a FASN-blocker. We are the first to provide deep insight on how FASN-inhibition blocks ERBB-PI3K-mTORC1 activity at multiple molecular levels. Moreover, our data encourage therapeutic approaches using FASN-antagonists together with MEK-ERK-inhibitors.
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21
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Del Piccolo N, Hristova K. Quantifying the Interaction between EGFR Dimers and Grb2 in Live Cells. Biophys J 2017; 113:1353-1364. [PMID: 28734476 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2017.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptor proteins are a class of cytoplasmic proteins that bind to phosphorylated residues in receptor tyrosine kinases and trigger signaling cascades that control critically important cellular processes, such as cell survival, growth, differentiation, and motility. Here, we seek to characterize the interaction between epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the cytoplasmic adaptor protein growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (Grb2) in a cellular context. To do so, we explore the utility of a highly biologically relevant model system, mammalian cells under reversible osmotic stress, and a recently introduced Förster resonance energy transfer microscopy method, fully quantified spectral imaging. We present a method that allows us to quantify the stoichiometry and the association constant of the EGFR-Grb2 binding interaction in the plasma membrane, in the presence and absence of activating ligand. The method that we introduce can have broad utility in membrane protein research, as it can be applied to different membrane protein-cytoplasmic protein pairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuala Del Piccolo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute for NanoBio Technology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kalina Hristova
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute for NanoBio Technology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
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22
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78495111110.3390/cancers9050052" />
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that is commonly upregulated in cancers such as in non-small-cell lung cancer, metastatic colorectal cancer, glioblastoma, head and neck cancer, pancreatic cancer, and breast cancer. Various mechanisms mediate the upregulation of EGFR activity, including common mutations and truncations to its extracellular domain, such as in the EGFRvIII truncations, as well as to its kinase domain, such as the L858R and T790M mutations, or the exon 19 truncation. These EGFR aberrations over-activate downstream pro-oncogenic signaling pathways, including the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK MAPK and AKT-PI3K-mTOR pathways. These pathways then activate many biological outputs that are beneficial to cancer cell proliferation, including their chronic initiation and progression through the cell cycle. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms that regulate EGFR signal transduction, including the EGFR structure and its mutations, ligand binding and EGFR dimerization, as well as the signaling pathways that lead to G1 cell cycle progression. We focus on the induction of CYCLIN D expression, CDK4/6 activation, and the repression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor proteins (CDKi) by EGFR signaling pathways. We also discuss the successes and challenges of EGFR-targeted therapies, and the potential for their use in combination with CDK4/6 inhibitors.
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23
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Wee P, Wang Z. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Cell Proliferation Signaling Pathways. Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9050052. [PMID: 28513565 PMCID: PMC5447962 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9050052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 994] [Impact Index Per Article: 142.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that is commonly upregulated in cancers such as in non-small-cell lung cancer, metastatic colorectal cancer, glioblastoma, head and neck cancer, pancreatic cancer, and breast cancer. Various mechanisms mediate the upregulation of EGFR activity, including common mutations and truncations to its extracellular domain, such as in the EGFRvIII truncations, as well as to its kinase domain, such as the L858R and T790M mutations, or the exon 19 truncation. These EGFR aberrations over-activate downstream pro-oncogenic signaling pathways, including the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK MAPK and AKT-PI3K-mTOR pathways. These pathways then activate many biological outputs that are beneficial to cancer cell proliferation, including their chronic initiation and progression through the cell cycle. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms that regulate EGFR signal transduction, including the EGFR structure and its mutations, ligand binding and EGFR dimerization, as well as the signaling pathways that lead to G1 cell cycle progression. We focus on the induction of CYCLIN D expression, CDK4/6 activation, and the repression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor proteins (CDKi) by EGFR signaling pathways. We also discuss the successes and challenges of EGFR-targeted therapies, and the potential for their use in combination with CDK4/6 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wee
- Department of Medical Genetics and Signal Transduction Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
| | - Zhixiang Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Signal Transduction Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
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24
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Schütz GJ, Weghuber J, Lanzerstorfer P, Sevcsik E. Protein Micropatterning Assay: Quantitative Analysis of Protein-Protein Interactions. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1550:261-270. [PMID: 28188535 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6747-6_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Characterization, especially quantification, of protein interactions in live cells is usually not an easy endeavor. Here, we describe a straightforward method to identify and quantify the interaction of a membrane protein ("bait") and a fluorescently labeled interaction partner ("prey") (membrane-bound or cytosolic) in live cells using Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence microscopy. The bait protein is immobilized within patterns in the plasma membrane (e.g., via an antibody); the bait-prey interaction strength can be quantified by determining the prey bulk fluorescence intensity with respect to the bait patterns. This method is particularly suitable also for the analysis of weak, transient interactions that are not easily accessible with other methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard J Schütz
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Julian Weghuber
- School of Engineering and Environmental Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, 4600, Wels, Austria
| | - Peter Lanzerstorfer
- School of Engineering and Environmental Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, 4600, Wels, Austria
| | - Eva Sevcsik
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060, Vienna, Austria
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Abstract
Cell-based assays have the potential and advantage to identify cell-permeable modulators of kinase function, and hence provide an alternative to the conventional enzymatic activity-driven discovery approaches that rely on purified recombinant kinase catalytic domains. Here, we describe a domain-based high-content biosensor approach to study endogenous EGFR activity whereby EGF-induced receptor activation, subsequent trafficking, and internalization are imaged and quantified using time-dependent granule formation in cells. This method can readily be used to search for EGFR modulators in both chemical and RNAi screening; with potential applicability to other receptor tyrosine kinases.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION The past decade has witnessed tremendous progress in surface micropatterning techniques for generating arrays of various types of biomolecules. Multiplexed protein micropatterning has tremendous potential for drug discovery providing versatile means for high throughput assays required for target and lead identification as well as diagnostics and functional screening for personalized medicine. However, ensuring the functional integrity of proteins on surfaces has remained challenging, in particular in the case of membrane proteins, the most important class of drug targets. Yet, generic strategies to control functional organization of proteins into micropatterns are emerging. AREAS COVERED This review includes an overview introducing the most common approaches for surface modification and functional protein immobilization. The authors present the key photo and soft lithography techniques with respect to compatibility with functional protein micropatterning and multiplexing capabilities. In the second part, the authors present the key applications of protein micropatterning techniques in drug discovery with a focus on membrane protein interactions and cellular signaling. EXPERT OPINION With the growing importance of target discovery as well as protein-based therapeutics and personalized medicine, the application of protein arrays can play a fundamental role in drug discovery. Yet, important technical breakthroughs are still required for broad application of these approaches, which will include in vitro "copying" of proteins from cDNA arrays into micropatterns, direct protein capturing from single cells as well as protein microarrays in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjiang You
- a Department of Biology, Division of Biophysics , University of Osnabrück , Osnabrück 49076 , Germany
| | - Jacob Piehler
- a Department of Biology, Division of Biophysics , University of Osnabrück , Osnabrück 49076 , Germany
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Wedeking T, Löchte S, Birkholz O, Wallenstein A, Trahe J, Klingauf J, Piehler J, You C. Spatiotemporally Controlled Reorganization of Signaling Complexes in the Plasma Membrane of Living Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:5912-5918. [PMID: 26421417 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201502132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Triggered immobilization of proteins in the plasma membrane of living cells into functional micropatterns is established by using an adaptor protein, which is comprised of an antiGFP nanobody fused to the HaloTag protein. Efficient in situ reorganization of the type I interferon receptor subunits as well as intact, fully functional signaling complexes in living cells are achieved by this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Wedeking
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 11, Osnabrück, 49076, Germany
| | - Sara Löchte
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 11, Osnabrück, 49076, Germany
| | - Oliver Birkholz
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 11, Osnabrück, 49076, Germany
| | - Alexander Wallenstein
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 11, Osnabrück, 49076, Germany
| | - Julia Trahe
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 31, Münster, 48149, Germany
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003-CiM), University of Münster, Münster, 48149, Germany
| | - Jürgen Klingauf
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 31, Münster, 48149, Germany
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003-CiM), University of Münster, Münster, 48149, Germany
| | - Jacob Piehler
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 11, Osnabrück, 49076, Germany
| | - Changjiang You
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 11, Osnabrück, 49076, Germany
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Lanzerstorfer P, Stadlbauer V, Chtcheglova LA, Haselgrübler R, Borgmann D, Wruss J, Hinterdorfer P, Schröder K, Winkler SM, Höglinger O, Weghuber J. Identification of novel insulin mimetic drugs by quantitative total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 171:5237-51. [PMID: 25039620 PMCID: PMC4262000 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Revised: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Insulin stimulates the transport of glucose in target tissues by triggering the translocation of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) to the plasma membrane. Resistance to insulin, the major abnormality in type 2 diabetes, results in a decreased GLUT4 translocation efficiency. Thus, special attention is being paid to search for compounds that are able to enhance this translocation process in the absence of insulin. Experimental Approach Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy was applied to quantify GLUT4 translocation in highly insulin-sensitive CHO-K1 cells expressing a GLUT4-myc-GFP fusion protein. Key Results Using our approach, we demonstrated GLUT4 translocation modulatory properties of selected substances and identified novel potential insulin mimetics. An increase in the TIRF signal was found to correlate with an elevated glucose uptake. Variations in the expression level of the human insulin receptor (hInsR) showed that the insulin mimetics identified stimulate GLUT4 translocation by a mechanism that is independent of the presence of the hInsR. Conclusions and Implications Taken together, the results indicate that TIRF microscopy is an excellent tool for the quantification of GLUT4 translocation and for identifying insulin mimetic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Lanzerstorfer
- School of Engineering and Environmental Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Wels, Austria
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29
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Lipp AM, Ji B, Hager R, Haas S, Schweiggl S, Sonnleitner A, Haselgrübler T. Micro-structured peptide surfaces for the detection of high-affinity peptide-receptor interactions in living cells. Biosens Bioelectron 2015. [PMID: 26210593 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Peptide ligands have great potential as selective agents for diagnostic imaging and therapeutic targeting of human cancers. A number of high-throughput assays for screening potential candidate peptides have been developed. Although these screening assays are indispensable for the identification of peptide ligands at a large scale, it is crucial to validate peptide binding and selectivity for targeted receptors in a live-cell context. For testing high-affinity peptide-receptor interactions in the plasma membrane of living cells, we developed cell-resistant, micro-structured glass surfaces with high-density and high-contrast peptide features. Cell adhesion and recruitment of fluorescent receptors to micro-patterned peptides in the live-cell membrane were evaluated by reflection interference contrast (RIC) and total internal reflection (TIRF) microscopy, respectively. To demonstrate both the specificity and modularity of the assay, co-patterning of fluorescent receptors with three different immobilized micro-structured ligands was shown: first, interaction of green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor expressed in Jurkat cells with immobilized EGF was detected and quantified. Second, using Jurkat cells, we demonstrated specific interaction of yellow fluorescent protein (YFP)-tagged β3 integrin with c(RGDfK) peptide. Third, we identified indirect recruitment of GFP-tagged α5 integrin to an 11-mer peptide. In summary, our results show that the developed micro-structured surfaces are a useful tool for the validation and quantification of peptide-receptor interactions in their natural cellular environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Maria Lipp
- Center for Advanced Bioanalysis GmbH, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria.
| | - Bozhi Ji
- Center for Advanced Bioanalysis GmbH, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria.
| | - Roland Hager
- Center for Advanced Bioanalysis GmbH, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria.
| | - Sandra Haas
- Center for Advanced Bioanalysis GmbH, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria.
| | - Simone Schweiggl
- Center for Advanced Bioanalysis GmbH, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria.
| | - Alois Sonnleitner
- Center for Advanced Bioanalysis GmbH, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria.
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Fang Y. Total internal reflection fluorescence quantification of receptor pharmacology. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2015; 5:223-40. [PMID: 25922915 PMCID: PMC4493547 DOI: 10.3390/bios5020223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy has been widely used as a single molecule imaging technique to study various fundamental aspects of cell biology, owing to its ability to selectively excite a very thin fluorescent volume immediately above the substrate on which the cells are grown. However, TIRF microscopy has found little use in high content screening due to its complexity in instrumental setup and experimental procedures. Inspired by the recent demonstration of label-free evanescent wave biosensors for cell phenotypic profiling and drug screening with high throughput, we had hypothesized and demonstrated that TIRF imaging is also amenable to receptor pharmacology profiling. This paper reviews key considerations and recent applications of TIRF imaging for pharmacology profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Fang
- Biochemical Technologies, Science and Technology Division, Corning Incorporated, Corning, NY 14831, USA.
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31
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Sevcsik E, Brameshuber M, Fölser M, Weghuber J, Honigmann A, Schütz GJ. GPI-anchored proteins do not reside in ordered domains in the live cell plasma membrane. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6969. [PMID: 25897971 PMCID: PMC4430820 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The organization of proteins and lipids in the plasma membrane has been the subject of a long-lasting debate. Membrane rafts of higher lipid chain order were proposed to mediate protein interactions, but have thus far not been directly observed. Here we use protein micropatterning combined with single-molecule tracking to put current models to the test: we rearranged lipid-anchored raft proteins (glycosylphosphatidylinositol(GPI)-anchored-mGFP) directly in the live cell plasma membrane and measured the effect on the local membrane environment. Intriguingly, this treatment does neither nucleate the formation of an ordered membrane phase nor result in any enrichment of nanoscopic-ordered domains within the micropatterned regions. In contrast, we find that immobilized mGFP-GPIs behave as inert obstacles to the diffusion of other membrane constituents without influencing their membrane environment over distances beyond their physical size. Our results indicate that phase partitioning is not a fundamental element of protein organization in the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Sevcsik
- Institute of Applied Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10, Vienna 1040, Austria
| | - Mario Brameshuber
- Institute of Applied Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10, Vienna 1040, Austria
| | - Martin Fölser
- Institute of Applied Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10, Vienna 1040, Austria
| | - Julian Weghuber
- School of Engineering and Environmental Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, Wels 4600, Austria
| | - Alf Honigmann
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Gerhard J Schütz
- Institute of Applied Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10, Vienna 1040, Austria
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Lanzerstorfer P, Yoneyama Y, Hakuno F, Müller U, Höglinger O, Takahashi SI, Weghuber J. Analysis of insulin receptor substrate signaling dynamics on microstructured surfaces. FEBS J 2015; 282:987-1005. [PMID: 25627174 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Insulin receptor substrates (IRS) are phosphorylated by activated insulin/insulin-like growth factor I receptor tyrosine kinases, with this comprising an initial key event for downstream signaling and bioactivities. Despite the structural similarities, increasing evidence shows that IRS family proteins have nonredundant functions. Although the specificity of insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling and biological responses partly reflects which IRS proteins are dominantly phosphorylated by the receptors, the precise properties of the respective IRS interaction with the receptors remain elusive. In the present study, we utilized a technique that combines micropatterned surfaces and total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy for the quantitative analysis of the interaction between IRS proteins and insulin/insulin-like growth factor in living cells. Our experimental set-up enabled the measurement of equilibrium associations and interaction dynamics of these molecules with high specificity. We revealed that several domains of IRS including pleckstrin homology and phosphotyrosine binding domains critically determine the turnover rate of the receptors. Furthermore, we found significant differences among IRS proteins in the strength and kinetic stability of the interaction with the receptors, suggesting that these interaction properties could account for the diverse functions of IRS. In addition, our analyses using fluorescent recovery after photobleaching revealed that kinases such as c-Jun N-terminal kinase and IκB kinase β, which phosphorylate serine/threonine residues of IRS and contribute to insulin resistance, altered the interaction kinetics of IRS with insulin receptor. Collectively, our experimental set-up is a valuable system for quantitifying the physiological interaction of IRS with the receptors in insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Lanzerstorfer
- School of Engineering and Environmental Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Wels, Austria
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Löchte S, Waichman S, Beutel O, You C, Piehler J. Live cell micropatterning reveals the dynamics of signaling complexes at the plasma membrane. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 207:407-18. [PMID: 25385185 PMCID: PMC4226739 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201406032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The use of micropatterned surfaces that bind HaloTag fusion proteins allows spatial organization of plasma membrane proteins for efficient visualization and quantification of protein–protein interactions in live cells. Interactions of proteins in the plasma membrane are notoriously challenging to study under physiological conditions. We report in this paper a generic approach for spatial organization of plasma membrane proteins into micropatterns as a tool for visualizing and quantifying interactions with extracellular, intracellular, and transmembrane proteins in live cells. Based on a protein-repellent poly(ethylene glycol) polymer brush, micropatterned surface functionalization with the HaloTag ligand for capturing HaloTag fusion proteins and RGD peptides promoting cell adhesion was devised. Efficient micropatterning of the type I interferon (IFN) receptor subunit IFNAR2 fused to the HaloTag was achieved, and highly specific IFN binding to the receptor was detected. The dynamics of this interaction could be quantified on the single molecule level, and IFN-induced receptor dimerization in micropatterns could be monitored. Assembly of active signaling complexes was confirmed by immunostaining of phosphorylated Janus family kinases, and the interaction dynamics of cytosolic effector proteins recruited to the receptor complex were unambiguously quantified by fluorescence recovery after photobleaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Löchte
- Department of Biology, University of Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Sharon Waichman
- Department of Biology, University of Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Oliver Beutel
- Department of Biology, University of Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Changjiang You
- Department of Biology, University of Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Jacob Piehler
- Department of Biology, University of Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
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34
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Zindel D, Butcher AJ, Al-Sabah S, Lanzerstorfer P, Weghuber J, Tobin AB, Bünemann M, Krasel C. Engineered hyperphosphorylation of the β2-adrenoceptor prolongs arrestin-3 binding and induces arrestin internalization. Mol Pharmacol 2014; 87:349-62. [PMID: 25425623 DOI: 10.1124/mol.114.095422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptor phosphorylation plays a major role in receptor desensitization and arrestin binding. It is, however, unclear how distinct receptor phosphorylation patterns may influence arrestin binding and subsequent trafficking. Here we engineer phosphorylation sites into the C-terminal tail of the β2-adrenoceptor (β2AR) and demonstrate that this mutant, termed β2AR(SSS), showed increased isoprenaline-stimulated phosphorylation and differences in arrestin-3 affinity and trafficking. By measuring arrestin-3 recruitment and the stability of arrestin-3 receptor complexes in real time using fluorescence resonance energy transfer and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching, we demonstrate that arrestin-3 dissociated quickly and almost completely from the β2AR, whereas the interaction with β2AR(SSS) was 2- to 4-fold prolonged. In contrast, arrestin-3 interaction with a β2-adrenoceptor fused to the carboxyl-terminal tail of the vasopressin type 2 receptor was nearly irreversible. Further analysis of arrestin-3 localization revealed that by engineering phosphorylation sites into the β2-adrenoceptor the receptor showed prolonged interaction with arrestin-3 and colocalization with arrestin in endosomes after internalization. This is in contrast to the wild-type receptor that interacts transiently with arrestin-3 at the plasma membrane. Furthermore, β2AR(SSS) internalized more efficiently than the wild-type receptor, whereas recycling was very similar for both receptors. Thus, we show how the interaction between arrestins and receptors can be increased with minimal receptor modification and that relatively modest increases in receptor-arrestin affinity are sufficient to alter arrestin trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Zindel
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmazie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany (D.Z., M.B., C.K.); MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (A.J.B., A.B.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Kuwait University, Kuwait (S.A.-S.); and University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Wels, Austria (P.L., J.W.)
| | - Adrian J Butcher
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmazie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany (D.Z., M.B., C.K.); MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (A.J.B., A.B.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Kuwait University, Kuwait (S.A.-S.); and University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Wels, Austria (P.L., J.W.)
| | - Suleiman Al-Sabah
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmazie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany (D.Z., M.B., C.K.); MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (A.J.B., A.B.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Kuwait University, Kuwait (S.A.-S.); and University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Wels, Austria (P.L., J.W.)
| | - Peter Lanzerstorfer
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmazie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany (D.Z., M.B., C.K.); MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (A.J.B., A.B.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Kuwait University, Kuwait (S.A.-S.); and University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Wels, Austria (P.L., J.W.)
| | - Julian Weghuber
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmazie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany (D.Z., M.B., C.K.); MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (A.J.B., A.B.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Kuwait University, Kuwait (S.A.-S.); and University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Wels, Austria (P.L., J.W.)
| | - Andrew B Tobin
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmazie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany (D.Z., M.B., C.K.); MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (A.J.B., A.B.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Kuwait University, Kuwait (S.A.-S.); and University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Wels, Austria (P.L., J.W.)
| | - Moritz Bünemann
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmazie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany (D.Z., M.B., C.K.); MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (A.J.B., A.B.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Kuwait University, Kuwait (S.A.-S.); and University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Wels, Austria (P.L., J.W.)
| | - Cornelius Krasel
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmazie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany (D.Z., M.B., C.K.); MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (A.J.B., A.B.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Kuwait University, Kuwait (S.A.-S.); and University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Wels, Austria (P.L., J.W.)
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35
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Baumgart F, Schütz GJ. Detecting protein association at the T cell plasma membrane. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2014; 1853:791-801. [PMID: 25300585 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
At the moment, many models on T cell signaling rely on results obtained via rather indirect methodologies, which makes direct comparison and conclusions to the in vivo situation difficult. Recently, a variety of new imaging methods were developed, which have the potential to directly shed light onto the mysteries of protein association at the T cell membrane. While the new modalities are extremely promising, for a broad readership it may be difficult to judge the results, since technological shortcomings are not always obvious. In this review article, we put key questions on the mechanism of protein interactions in the T cell plasma membrane into relation with techniques that allow to address such questions. We discuss applicability of the techniques, their strengths and weaknesses. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Nanoscale membrane organisation and signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Baumgart
- Vienna University of Technology, Institute for Applied Physics, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerhard J Schütz
- Vienna University of Technology, Institute for Applied Physics, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10, 1040 Vienna, Austria.
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