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Huang G, Jian J, Liu CJ. Progranulinopathy: A diverse realm of disorders linked to progranulin imbalances. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2024; 76:142-159. [PMID: 37981505 PMCID: PMC10978308 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Progranulin (PGRN), encoded by the GRN gene in humans, was originally isolated as a secreted growth factor that implicates in a multitude of processes ranging from regulation of tumorigenesis, inflammation to neural proliferation. Compelling evidence indicating that GRN mutation can lead to various common neuronal degenerative diseases and rare lysosomal storage diseases. These findings have unveiled a critical role for PGRN as a lysosomal protein in maintaining lysosomal function. The phenotypic spectrum of PGRN imbalance has expanded to encompass a broad spectrum of diseases, including autoimmune diseases, metabolic, musculoskeletal and cardiovascular diseases. These diseases collectively referred to as Progranulinopathy- a term encompasses the wide spectrum of disorders influenced by PGRN imbalance. Unlike its known extracellular function as a growth factor-like molecule associated with multiple membrane receptors, PGRN also serves as an intracellular co-chaperone engaged in the folding and traffic of its associated proteins, particularly the lysosomal hydrolases. This chaperone activity is required for PGRN to exert its diverse functions across a broad range of diseases, encompassing both the central nervous system and peripheral systems. In this comprehensive review, we present an update of the emerging role of PGRN in Progranulinopathy, with special focus on elucidating the intricate interplay between PGRN and a diverse array of proteins at various levels, ranging from extracellular fluids and intracellular components, as well as various pathophysiological processes involved. This review seeks to offer a comprehensive grasp of PGRN's diverse functions, aiming to unveil intricate mechanisms behind Progranulinopathy and open doors for future research endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiwu Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinlong Jian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chuan-Ju Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Cell Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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2
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Hoffmann MC, Cavalli G, Fadle N, Cantoni E, Regitz E, Fleser O, Klemm P, Zaks M, Stöger E, Campochiaro C, Tomelleri A, Baldissera E, Bittenbring JT, Zimmer V, Pfeifer J, Fischer Y, Preuss KD, Bewarder M, Thurner B, Fuehner S, Foell D, Dagna L, Kessel C, Thurner L. Autoantibody-Mediated Depletion of IL-1RA in Still's Disease and Potential Impact of IL-1 Targeting Therapies. J Clin Immunol 2024; 44:45. [PMID: 38231276 PMCID: PMC10794369 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-023-01642-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) and systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA) resemble a continuum of a rare, polygenic IL-1β-driven disease of unknown etiology. OBJECTIVE In the present study we sought to investigate a potential role of recently described autoantibodies neutralizing the interleukin-1(IL-1)-receptor antagonist (IL-1-Ra) in the pathogenesis of Still's disease. METHODS Serum or plasma samples from Still's disease patients (AOSD, n = 23; sJIA, n = 40) and autoimmune and/or inflammatory disease controls (n = 478) were analyzed for autoantibodies against progranulin (PGRN), IL-1Ra, IL-18 binding protein (IL-18BP), and IL-36Ra, as well as circulating IL-1Ra and IL-36Ra levels by ELISA. Biochemical analyses of plasma IL-1Ra were performed by native Western blots and isoelectric focusing. Functional activity of the autoantibodies was examined by an in vitro IL-1β-signaling reporter assay. RESULTS Anti-IL-1-Ra IgG were identified in 7 (27%) out of 29 Still's disease patients, including 4/23 with AOSD and 3/6 with sJIA and coincided with a hyperphosphorylated isoform of endogenous IL-1Ra. Anti-IL-36Ra antibodies were found in 2 AOSD patients. No anti-PGRN or anti-IL-18BP antibodies were detected. Selective testing for anti-IL-1Ra antibodies in an independent cohort (sJIA, n = 34) identified 5 of 34 (14.7%) as seropositive. Collectively, 8/12 antibody-positive Still's disease patients were either new-onset active disease or unresponsive to IL-1 blocking drugs. Autoantibody-seropositivity associated with decreased IL-1Ra plasma/serum levels. Seropositive plasma impaired in vitro IL-1Ra bioactivity, which could be reversed by anakinra or canakinumab treatment. CONCLUSION Autoantibodies neutralizing IL-1Ra may represent a novel patho-mechanism in a subgroup of Still's disease patients, which is sensitive to high-dose IL-1 blocking therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Christin Hoffmann
- José Carreras Center for Immuno- and Gene Therapy and Internal Medicine I, Saarland University Medical School, 66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Giulio Cavalli
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy, and Rare Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Natalie Fadle
- José Carreras Center for Immuno- and Gene Therapy and Internal Medicine I, Saarland University Medical School, 66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | | | - Evi Regitz
- José Carreras Center for Immuno- and Gene Therapy and Internal Medicine I, Saarland University Medical School, 66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Octavian Fleser
- José Carreras Center for Immuno- and Gene Therapy and Internal Medicine I, Saarland University Medical School, 66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Philipp Klemm
- Department of Rheumatology, Immunology, Osteology and Physical Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Campus Kerckhoff, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Marina Zaks
- Department of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Campus Virchow Clinic, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Stöger
- Evangelische Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Evangelische Huyssens-Stiftung Essen-Huttrop, Essen, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Jörg Thomas Bittenbring
- José Carreras Center for Immuno- and Gene Therapy and Internal Medicine I, Saarland University Medical School, 66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Vincent Zimmer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Knappschaftsklinikum Saar, Püttlingen, Germany
| | - Jochen Pfeifer
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Yvan Fischer
- Institute of Physiology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen, 52057, Aachen, Germany
| | - Klaus-Dieter Preuss
- José Carreras Center for Immuno- and Gene Therapy and Internal Medicine I, Saarland University Medical School, 66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Moritz Bewarder
- José Carreras Center for Immuno- and Gene Therapy and Internal Medicine I, Saarland University Medical School, 66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | | | - Sabrina Fuehner
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Foell
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Münster, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Dagna
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy, and Rare Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Christoph Kessel
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Münster, Germany
| | - Lorenz Thurner
- José Carreras Center for Immuno- and Gene Therapy and Internal Medicine I, Saarland University Medical School, 66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany.
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Poniatowski ŁA, Woźnica M, Wojdasiewicz P, Mela-Kalicka A, Romanowska-Próchnicka K, Purrahman D, Żurek G, Krawczyk M, Nameh Goshay Fard N, Furtak-Niczyporuk M, Jaroszyński J, Mahmoudian-Sani MR, Joniec-Maciejak I. The Role of Progranulin (PGRN) in the Pathogenesis of Glioblastoma Multiforme. Cells 2024; 13:124. [PMID: 38247816 PMCID: PMC10814625 DOI: 10.3390/cells13020124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) represents the most common and aggressive malignant form of brain tumour in adults and is characterized by an extremely poor prognosis with dismal survival rates. Currently, expanding concepts concerning the pathophysiology of GBM are inextricably linked with neuroinflammatory phenomena. On account of this fact, the identification of novel pathomechanisms targeting neuroinflammation seems to be crucial in terms of yielding successful individual therapeutic strategies. In recent years, the pleiotropic growth factor progranulin (PGRN) has attracted significant attention in the neuroscience and oncological community regarding its neuroimmunomodulatory and oncogenic functions. This review of the literature summarizes and updates contemporary knowledge about PGRN, its associated receptors and signalling pathway involvement in GBM pathogenesis, indicating possible cellular and molecular mechanisms with potential diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic targets in order to yield successful individual therapeutic strategies. After a review of the literature, we found that there are possible PGRN-targeted therapeutic approaches for implementation in GBM treatment algorithms both in preclinical and future clinical studies. Furthermore, PGRN-targeted therapies exerted their highest efficacy in combination with other established chemotherapeutic agents, such as temozolomide. The results of the analysis suggested that the possible implementation of routine determinations of PGRN and its associated receptors in tumour tissue and biofluids could serve as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of GBM. Furthermore, promising preclinical applications of PGRN-related findings should be investigated in clinical studies in order to create new diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms for GBM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz A. Poniatowski
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dietrich-Bonhoeffer-Klinikum, Salvador-Allende-Straße 30, 17036 Neubrandenburg, Germany
| | - Michał Woźnica
- Department of Spine Surgery, 7th Navy Hospital, Polanki 117, 80-305 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Piotr Wojdasiewicz
- Department of Biophysics, Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Chałubińskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland (K.R.-P.)
| | - Aneta Mela-Kalicka
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology (CePT), Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Romanowska-Próchnicka
- Department of Biophysics, Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Chałubińskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland (K.R.-P.)
- Department of Systemic Connective Tissue Diseases, Eleonora Reicher National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Spartańska 1, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Daryush Purrahman
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; (D.P.)
| | - Grzegorz Żurek
- Department of Biostructure, Wrocław University of Health and Sport Sciences, I. J. Paderewskiego 35, 51-612 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Maciej Krawczyk
- 2nd Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sobieskiego 9, 02-957 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Najmeh Nameh Goshay Fard
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; (D.P.)
| | - Marzena Furtak-Niczyporuk
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Janusz Jaroszyński
- Department of Administrative Proceedings, Faculty of Law and Administration, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University of Lublin, Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej 5, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Mohammad-Reza Mahmoudian-Sani
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; (D.P.)
| | - Ilona Joniec-Maciejak
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology (CePT), Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
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Liang L, Zhang F, Feng N, Kuang B, Fan M, Chen C, Pan Y, Zhou P, Geng N, Li X, Xian M, Deng L, Li X, Kuang L, Luo F, Tan Q, Xie Y, Guo F. IRE1α protects against osteoarthritis by regulating progranulin-dependent XBP1 splicing and collagen homeostasis. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:2376-2389. [PMID: 37907740 PMCID: PMC10689778 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01106-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a full-joint, multifactorial, degenerative and inflammatory disease that seriously affects the quality of life of patients due to its disabling and pain-causing properties. ER stress has been reported to be closely related to the progression of OA. The inositol-requiring enzyme 1α/X-box-binding protein-1 spliced (IRE1α/XBP1s) pathway, which is highly expressed in the chondrocytes of OA patients, promotes the degradation and refolding of abnormal proteins during ER stress and maintains the stability of the ER environment of chondrocytes, but its function and the underlying mechanisms of how it contributes to the progression of OA remain unclear. This study investigates the role of IRE1α/ERN1 in OA. Specific deficiency of ERN1 in chondrocytes spontaneously resulted in OA-like cartilage destruction and accelerated OA progression in a surgically induced arthritis model. Local delivery of AdERN1 relieved degradation of the cartilage matrix and prevented OA development in an ACLT-mediated model. Mechanistically, progranulin (PGRN), an intracellular chaperone, binds to IRE1α, promoting its phosphorylation and splicing of XBP1u to generate XBP1s. XBP1s protects articular cartilage through TNF-α/ERK1/2 signaling and further maintains collagen homeostasis by regulating type II collagen expression. The chondroprotective effect of IRE1α/ERN1 is dependent on PGRN and XBP1s splicing. ERN1 deficiency accelerated cartilage degeneration in OA by reducing PGRN expression and XBP1s splicing, subsequently decreasing collagen II expression and triggering collagen structural abnormalities and an imbalance in collagen homeostasis. This study provides new insights into OA pathogenesis and the UPR and suggests that IRE1α/ERN1 may serve as a potential target for the treatment of joint degenerative diseases, including OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liang
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Fengmei Zhang
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
- Laboratory Animal Center, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Naibo Feng
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Biao Kuang
- Department of Orthopedics, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400072, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengtian Fan
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Yiming Pan
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Pengfei Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Nana Geng
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Xingyue Li
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Menglin Xian
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Deng
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Liang Kuang
- Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair (CBMR), State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Fengtao Luo
- Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair (CBMR), State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiaoyan Tan
- Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair (CBMR), State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Yangli Xie
- Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair (CBMR), State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Fengjin Guo
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China.
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Moradi L, Witek L, Vivekanand Nayak V, Cabrera Pereira A, Kim E, Good J, Liu CJ. Injectable hydrogel for sustained delivery of progranulin derivative Atsttrin in treating diabetic fracture healing. Biomaterials 2023; 301:122289. [PMID: 37639975 PMCID: PMC11232488 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels with long-term storage stability, controllable sustained-release properties, and biocompatibility have been garnering attention as carriers for drug/growth factor delivery in tissue engineering applications. Chitosan (CS)/Graphene Oxide (GO)/Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC)/β-glycerol phosphate (β-GP) hydrogel is capable of forming a 3D gel network at physiological temperature (37 °C), rendering it an excellent candidate for use as an injectable biomaterial. This work focused on an injectable thermo-responsive CS/GO/HEC/β-GP hydrogel, which was designed to deliver Atsttrin, an engineered derivative of a known chondrogenic and anti-inflammatory growth factor-like molecule progranulin. The combination of the CS/GO/HEC/β-GP hydrogel and Atsttrin provides a unique biochemical and biomechanical environment to enhance fracture healing. CS/GO/HEC/β-GP hydrogels with increased amounts of GO exhibited rapid sol-gel transition, higher viscosity, and sustained release of Atsttrin. In addition, these hydrogels exhibited a porous interconnected structure. The combination of Atsttrin and hydrogel successfully promoted chondrogenesis and osteogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (bmMSCs) in vitro. Furthermore, the work also presented in vivo evidence that injection of Atsttrin-loaded CS/GO/HEC/β-GP hydrogel stimulated diabetic fracture healing by simultaneously inhibiting inflammatory and stimulating cartilage regeneration and endochondral bone formation signaling pathways. Collectively, the developed injectable thermo-responsive CS/GO/HEC/βG-P hydrogel yielded to be minimally invasive, as well as capable of prolonged and sustained delivery of Atsttrin, for therapeutic application in impaired fracture healing, particularly diabetic fracture healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lida Moradi
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10003, USA; Department of Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Lukasz Witek
- Biomaterials Division - Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, 10010, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, 11201, USA
| | - Vasudev Vivekanand Nayak
- Biomaterials Division - Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Angel Cabrera Pereira
- Biomaterials Division - Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Ellen Kim
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Julia Good
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Chuan-Ju Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10003, USA; Department of Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA; Department of Cell Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
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Purrahman D, Shojaeian A, Poniatowski ŁA, Piechowski-Jóźwiak B, Mahmoudian-Sani MR. The Role of Progranulin (PGRN) in the Pathogenesis of Ischemic Stroke. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:3435-3447. [PMID: 37561339 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01396-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is a life-threatening medical condition and is a leading cause of disability. Cerebral ischemia is characterized by a distinct inflammatory response starting with the production of various cytokines and other inflammation-related agents. Progranulin (PGRN), a multifunctional protein, is critical in diverse physiological reactions, such as cell proliferation, inflammation, wound healing, and nervous system development. A mature PGRN is anti-inflammatory, while granulin, its derivative, conversely induces pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. PGRN is significantly involved in the brain tissue and its damage, for example, improving mood and cognitive disorders caused by cerebral ischemia. It may also have protective effects against nerve and spinal cord injuries by inhibiting neuroinflammatory response and apoptosis or it may be related to the proliferation, accumulation, differentiation, and activation of microglia. PGRN is a neurotrophic factor in the central nervous system. It may increase post-stroke neurogenesis of the subventricular zone (SVZ), which is particularly important in improving long-term brain function following cerebral ischemia. The neurogenesis enhanced via PGRN in the ischemic brain SVZ may be attributed to the induction of PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK signaling routes. PGRN can also promote the proliferation of neural stem/progenitor cells through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. PGRN increases hippocampal neurogenesis, reducing anxiety and impaired spatial learning post-cerebral ischemia. PGRN alleviates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress and suppressing the NF-κB signaling pathway. PGRN can be introduced as a potent neuroprotective agent capable of improving post-ischemia neuronal actions, mainly by reducing and elevating the inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Expression, storage, cleavage, and function of progranulin (PGRN) in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daryush Purrahman
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Shojaeian
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Łukasz A Poniatowski
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dietrich-Bonhoeffer-Klinikum, Salvador-Allende-Straße 30, 17036, Neubrandenburg, Germany
| | - Bartłomiej Piechowski-Jóźwiak
- Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, 59 Hamouda Bin Ali Al Dhaheri Street, Jazeerat Al Maryah, PO Box 112412, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad-Reza Mahmoudian-Sani
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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7
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Meng F, Jiang X, Wang X, Zheng Q, Wang XN, Mei C, Yan S, He Y, Xue J, Zhang X, Fu W, You Y, Zhai J, Wang Y, Sun X. Tumor necrosis factor-like cytokine 1A plays a role in inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2120771120. [PMID: 37579137 PMCID: PMC10452302 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2120771120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The binding of tumor necrosis factor-like cytokine 1A (TL1A) to death receptor 3 (DR3) plays an important role in the interaction between dendritic cells (DCs) and T cells and contributes to intestinal inflammation development. However, the mechanism by which DCs expressing TL1A mediate helper T (Th) cell differentiation in the intestinal lamina propria (LP) during the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease remains unclear. In this study, we found that TL1A/DR3 promoted Th1 and Th17 cell differentiation in T-T and DC-T cell interaction-dependent manners. TL1A-deficient CD4+ T cells failed to polarize into Th1/Th17 cells and did not cause colonic inflammation in a T cell transfer colitis model. Notably, TL1A was located in the cytoplasm and nuclei of DCs, positively regulated the DC-specific ICAM-grabbing nonintegrin/RAF1/nuclear factor κB signaling pathway, enhanced the antigen uptake ability of DCs, and promoted TLR4-mediated DC activation, inducing naive CD4+ T cell differentiation into Th1 and Th17 cells. Our work reveals that TL1A plays a regulatory role in inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanxiang Meng
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine College, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province110122, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province110801, China
| | - Xuefeng Jiang
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine College, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province110122, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine College, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province110122, China
| | - Qianqian Zheng
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medicine College, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province110122, China
| | - Xiaonan N. Wang
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine College, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province110122, China
| | - Chenxue Mei
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine College, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province110122, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province110122, China
| | - Siqi Yan
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine College, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province110122, China
| | - Yuting He
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine College, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province110122, China
| | - Junxiu Xue
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine College, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province110122, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine College, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province110122, China
- Teaching Center for Medical Experiment, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province110122, China
| | - Wenda Fu
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine College, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province110122, China
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province710032, China
| | - Yong You
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine College, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province110122, China
- Department of Immunology, Chengde medical university, Chengde, Hebei Province067000, China
| | - Jingbo Zhai
- Medical College, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao028000, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonose Prevention and Control at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Tongliao028000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province110032, China
| | - Xun Sun
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine College, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province110122, China
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8
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Ventura E, Ducci G, Benot Dominguez R, Ruggiero V, Belfiore A, Sacco E, Vanoni M, Iozzo RV, Giordano A, Morrione A. Progranulin Oncogenic Network in Solid Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061706. [PMID: 36980592 PMCID: PMC10046331 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Progranulin is a pleiotropic growth factor with important physiological roles in embryogenesis and maintenance of adult tissue homeostasis. While-progranulin deficiency is associated with a broad range of pathological conditions affecting the brain, such as frontotemporal dementia and neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, progranulin upregulation characterizes many tumors, including brain tumors, multiple myeloma, leiomyosarcoma, mesothelioma and epithelial cancers such as ovarian, liver, breast, bladder, adrenal, prostate and kidney carcinomas. The increase of progranulin levels in tumors might have diagnostic and prognostic significance. In cancer, progranulin has a pro-tumorigenic role by promoting cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasiveness, anchorage-independent growth and resistance to chemotherapy. In addition, progranulin regulates the tumor microenvironment, affects the function of cancer-associated fibroblasts, and modulates tumor immune surveillance. However, the molecular mechanisms of progranulin oncogenic function are not fully elucidated. In bladder cancer, progranulin action relies on the activation of its functional signaling receptor EphA2. Notably, more recent data suggest that progranulin can also modulate a functional crosstalk between multiple receptor-tyrosine kinases, demonstrating a more complex and context-dependent role of progranulin in cancer. Here, we will review what is currently known about the function of progranulin in tumors, with a focus on its molecular mechanisms of action and regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Ventura
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
- Correspondence: (E.V.); (A.M.); Tel.: +1-215-204-2450 (A.M.)
| | - Giacomo Ducci
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
- SYSBIO (Centre of Systems Biology), ISBE (Infrastructure Systems Biology Europe), 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Reyes Benot Dominguez
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Valentina Ruggiero
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Master Program in Pharmaceutical Biotechnologies, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Antonino Belfiore
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrinology Unit, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, 95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Elena Sacco
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
- SYSBIO (Centre of Systems Biology), ISBE (Infrastructure Systems Biology Europe), 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Vanoni
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
- SYSBIO (Centre of Systems Biology), ISBE (Infrastructure Systems Biology Europe), 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Renato V. Iozzo
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Andrea Morrione
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
- Correspondence: (E.V.); (A.M.); Tel.: +1-215-204-2450 (A.M.)
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Kamel AA, Taha S, Mosa AA. Circulating expression patterns of TL1A and FFAR2 in patients with stable and unstable angina. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2023. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-023-00386-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background and aim
The primary factor in sudden cardiac death is coronary artery disease. We intended to discover the diagnostic worth of circulating tumor necrosis factor like cytokine 1A (TL1A) and free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2) as early, noninvasive indicators for individuals with stable angina (SA) and unstable angina (UA).
Methods
In all, 90 people were enrolled in the current case–control study: 30 patients with SA, 30 patients with UA, and 30 healthy volunteers. Circulating TL1A and FFAR2 gene expression levels were evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). FBG, TC, TG, and HDL-C were assessed by spectrophotometry, while hs-CRP and troponin T were measured by ELISA.
Results
Circulating TL1A expression was significantly elevated in SA (P < 0.001) and UA patients (P < 0.001) as compared to controls and also was significantly higher in UA patients (P < 0.001) as compared to SA patients. Circulating FFAR2 expression was significantly decreased in SA (P < 0.001) and UA patients (P < 0.001) in comparison with controls and was significantly lowered in UA patients (P = 0.001) in comparison with SA patients. Our results show that TL1A and FFAR2 were sensitive and specific biomarkers for discriminating SA patients from controls. Moreover, TL1A and FFAR2 displayed a remarkable ability to distinguish UA from SA. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that TL1A, FFAR2, FBG, TC, TG, LDL-C, and Troponin T were independent risk factors for SA, while TL1A, TG, and hs-CRP were independent risk factors for UA. TL1A has a significant positive correlation with LDL-C (r = 0.406, P = 0.001), hs-CRP (r = 0.673, P < 0.001), and troponin T (r = 0.653, P < 0.001). There was a significant inverse relationship between FFAR2 and each of TL1A (r = − 0.858, P < 0.001), FBG (r = − 0.325, P = 0.011), TC(r = − 0.306, P = 0.017), TG (r = − 0.368, P = 0.004), LDL-C (r = − 0.413, P = 0.001), hs-CRP (r = − 0.737, P < 0.001), and troponin T (r = − 0.715, P < 0.001).
Conclusion
Gene expression of TL1A and FFAR2 is a good new blood-based molecular indicator for early detection of SA and UA. Early detection of a possible UA is crucial for initiating appropriate treatment that results in better patient health.
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Progranulin in Musculoskeletal Inflammatory and Degenerative Disorders, Focus on Rheumatoid Arthritis, Lupus and Intervertebral Disc Disease: A Systematic Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15121544. [PMID: 36558994 PMCID: PMC9782117 DOI: 10.3390/ph15121544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Progranulin (PGRN) is a glycoprotein formed by 593 amino acids encoded by the GRN gene. It has an important role in immunity and inflammatory response, as well as in tissue recovery. Its role in musculoskeletal inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and intervertebral disc degeneration disease (IVDD), is, nowadays, an important target to investigate. The objective of this review is to systematically sum up all the recent findings concerning PGRN as a target in the development and resolution of the inflammatory diseases. PubMed was examined with the terms combinations (Progranulin) AND (Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic), (Progranulin) AND (Arthritis, Rheumatoid), and (Progranulin) AND (Intervertebral Disc Degeneration). PubMed was examined with the terms combinations (Atsttrin) AND (Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic), (Atsttrin) AND (Arthritis, Rheumatoid), and (Atsttrin) AND (Intervertebral Disc Degeneration). Moreover, research through Web of Science was performed searching the same items. The inclusion criteria were: studies whose main topic were progranulin, or atsttrin, with emphasis on the three selected diseases. On the other hand, the exclusion criteria were studies that only focused on diseases not related to RA, lupus or IVDD, in addition to the previous published literature reviews. Since few results were obtained, we did not filter by year. The records assessed for eligibility were 23, including all the studies with the information in state of art of progranulin and its capability to be a potential target or treatment for each one of the selected diseases. As these results are descriptive and not clinical trials, we did not perform risk of bias methods. Within these results, many studies have shown an anti-inflammatory activity of PGRN in RA. PGRN levels in serum and synovial fluids in RA patients were reported higher than controls. On the other hand, serum levels were directly correlated with SLE disease activity index, suggesting an important role of PGRN as a player in the progression of inflammatory diseases and a therapeutical approach for the recovery. This review has some limitations due to the small number of studies in this regard; therefore, we highlight the importance and the necessity of further investigation. No external funding was implicated in this systematical review.
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González-Rodríguez M, Ruiz-Fernández C, Cordero-Barreal A, Ait Eldjoudi D, Pino J, Farrag Y, Gualillo O. Adipokines as targets in musculoskeletal immune and inflammatory diseases. Drug Discov Today 2022; 27:103352. [PMID: 36099964 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.103352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Adipokines are the principal mediators in adipose signaling. Nevertheless, besides their role in energy storage, these molecules can be produced by other cells, such as immune cells or chondrocytes. Given their pleiotropic effects, research over the past few years has also focused on musculoskeletal diseases, showing that these adipokines might have relevant roles in worsening the disease or improving the treatment response. In this review, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of adipokines and their role in the most prevalent musculoskeletal immune and inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- María González-Rodríguez
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; International PhD School of the University of Santiago de Compostela (EDIUS), Doctoral Programme in Drug Research and Development, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Clara Ruiz-Fernández
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; International PhD School of the University of Santiago de Compostela (EDIUS), Doctoral Programme in Medicine Clinical Research, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alfonso Cordero-Barreal
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; International PhD School of the University of Santiago de Compostela (EDIUS), Doctoral Programme in Molecular Medicine, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Djedjiga Ait Eldjoudi
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jesus Pino
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Departamento de Cirurgía y Especialidades Médico-Cirúrgicas Área de Traumatología e Ortopedia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Yousof Farrag
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Oreste Gualillo
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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12
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Purrahman D, Mahmoudian-Sani MR, Saki N, Wojdasiewicz P, Kurkowska-Jastrzębska I, Poniatowski ŁA. Involvement of progranulin (PGRN) in the pathogenesis and prognosis of breast cancer. Cytokine 2022; 151:155803. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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13
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Lan YJ, Sam NB, Cheng MH, Pan HF, Gao J. Progranulin as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Immune-Mediated Diseases. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:6543-6556. [PMID: 34898994 PMCID: PMC8655512 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s339254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Progranulin (PGRN), a secretory glycoprotein consisting of 593 amino acid residues, is a key actor and regulator of multiple system functions such as innate immune response and inflammation, as well as tissue regeneration. Recently, there is emerging evidence that PGRN is protective in the development of a variety of immune-mediated diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and multiple sclerosis (MS) by regulating signaling pathways known to be critical for immunology, particularly the tumor necrosis factor alpha/TNF receptor (TNF-α/TNFR) signaling pathway. Whereas, the role of PGRN in psoriasis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and systemic sclerosis (SSc) is controversial. This review summarizes the immunological functions of PGRN and its role in the pathogenesis of several immune-mediated diseases, in order to provide new ideas for developing therapeutic strategies for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Jiao Lan
- Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,The Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Napoleon Bellua Sam
- Department of Medical Research and Innovation, School of Medicine, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Ming-Han Cheng
- Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Feng Pan
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Gao
- Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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14
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Zhao X, Liberti R, Jian J, Fu W, Hettinghouse A, Sun Y, Liu CJ. Progranulin associates with Rab2 and is involved in autophagosome-lysosome fusion in Gaucher disease. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 99:1639-1654. [PMID: 34453183 PMCID: PMC8541919 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02127-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Progranulin (PGRN) is a key regulator of lysosomes, and its deficiency has been linked to various lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs), including Gaucher disease (GD), one of the most common LSD. Here, we report that PGRN plays a previously unrecognized role in autophagy within the context of GD. PGRN deficiency is associated with the accumulation of LC3-II and p62 in autophagosomes of GD animal model and patient fibroblasts, resulting from the impaired fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes. PGRN physically interacted with Rab2, a critical molecule in autophagosome-lysosome fusion. Additionally, a fragment of PGRN containing the Grn E domain was required and sufficient for binding to Rab2. Furthermore, this fragment significantly ameliorated PGRN deficiency-associated impairment of autophagosome-lysosome fusion and autophagic flux. These findings not only demonstrate that PGRN is a crucial mediator of autophagosome-lysosome fusion but also provide new evidence indicating PGRN's candidacy as a molecular target for modulating autophagy in GD and other LSDs in general. KEY MESSAGES : PGRN acts as a crucial factor involved in autophagosome-lysosome fusion in GD. PGRN physically interacts with Rab2, a molecule in autophagosome-lysosome fusion. A 15-kDa C-terminal fragment of PGRN is required and sufficient for binding to Rab2. This PGRN derivative ameliorates PGRN deficiency-associated impairment of autophagy. This study provides new insights into autophagy and may develop novel therapy for GD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangli Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, Rm 1608, LOH, 301 East 17th Street, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Rossella Liberti
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, Rm 1608, LOH, 301 East 17th Street, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Jinlong Jian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, Rm 1608, LOH, 301 East 17th Street, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Wenyu Fu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, Rm 1608, LOH, 301 East 17th Street, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Aubryanna Hettinghouse
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, Rm 1608, LOH, 301 East 17th Street, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Ying Sun
- Division of Human Genetics, The Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Chuan-Ju Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, Rm 1608, LOH, 301 East 17th Street, New York, NY, 10003, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
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15
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Fu W, Hettinghouse A, Liu CJ. In Vitro Physical and Functional Interaction Assays to Examine the Binding of Progranulin Derivative Atsttrin to TNFR2 and Its Anti-TNFα Activity. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2248:109-119. [PMID: 33185871 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1130-2_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
TNFα/TNFR signaling plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, and anti-TNFα therapies have been accepted as the effective approaches for treating several autoimmune diseases. Progranulin (PGRN), a multi-faced growth factor-like molecule, directly binds to TNFR1 and TNFR2, particularly to the latter with higher affinity than TNFα. PGRN derivative Atsttrin is composed of three TNFR-binding domain of PGRN and exhibits even better therapeutic effects than PGRN in several inflammatory disease models, including collagen-induced arthritis. Herein we describe the detailed methodology of using (1) ELISA-based solid phase protein-protein interaction assay to demonstrate the direct binding of Atsttrin to TNFR2 and its inhibition of TNFα/TNFR2 interaction; and (2) tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining of in vitro osteoclastogenesis to reveal the cell-based anti-TNFα activity of Atsttrin. Using the protocol described here, the investigators should be able to reproducibly detect the physical inhibition of TNFα binding to TNFR and the functional inhibition of TNFα activity by Atsttrin and various kinds of TNF inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Fu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aubryanna Hettinghouse
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chuan-Ju Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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16
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Monitoring Atsttrin-Mediated Inhibition of TNFα/NF-κβ Activation Through In Vivo Bioluminescence Imaging. Methods Mol Biol 2021. [PMID: 33185877 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1130-2_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
The NF-κβ transcription factor is a molecular mediator crucial to many biological functions and a central regulator of inflammatory and immune responses. NF-κβ is activated by multiple immunologically relevant stimuli, including members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily, and targeting TNF/NFκβ activity is a therapeutic objective in many inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. Here, we describe the generation of a transgenic reporter mouse model, expressing the human tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) transgene (TNF-tg) and carrying the luciferase gene under control of the NFκB-responsive element (NF-κB-Luc). Bioluminescence imaging shows that overexpression of TNF-α effectively activates NF-κB luciferase in vivo. To evaluate this system as a screen for potential therapeutics targeting the TNF/NFκβ signaling pathway, we treated double mutant mice with PGRN-derived Atsttrin, an engineered molecule comprising the minimal progranulin (PGRN):TNFR binding fragments previously demonstrated as therapeutic in multiple models of TNF/NFκβ-driven disease. Administration of Atsttrin could effectively inhibit luciferase activity in TNF-tg:NF-κB-Luc double mutant mice and demonstrates that this transgenic model can be used to non-invasively monitor the in vivo efficacy of modulators of TNF-activated NF-κB signaling pathway.
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17
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Kugler BA, Deng W, Duguay AL, Garcia JP, Anderson MC, Nguyen PD, Houmard JA, Zou K. Pharmacological inhibition of dynamin-related protein 1 attenuates skeletal muscle insulin resistance in obesity. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14808. [PMID: 33904649 PMCID: PMC8077121 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Dynamin-related protein-1 (Drp1) is a key regulator in mitochondrial fission. Excessive Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission in skeletal muscle under the obese condition is associated with impaired insulin action. However, it remains unknown whether pharmacological inhibition of Drp1, using the Drp1-specific inhibitor Mitochondrial Division Inhibitor 1 (Mdivi-1), is effective in alleviating skeletal muscle insulin resistance and improving whole-body metabolic health under the obese and insulin-resistant condition. We subjected C57BL/6J mice to a high-fat diet (HFD) or low-fat diet (LFD) for 5-weeks. HFD-fed mice received Mdivi-1 or saline injections for the last week of the diet intervention. Additionally, myotubes derived from obese insulin-resistant humans were treated with Mdivi-1 or saline for 12 h. We measured glucose area under the curve (AUC) from a glucose tolerance test (GTT), skeletal muscle insulin action, mitochondrial dynamics, respiration, and H2 O2 content. We found that Mdivi-1 attenuated impairments in skeletal muscle insulin signaling and blood glucose AUC from a GTT induced by HFD feeding (p < 0.05). H2 O2 content was elevated in skeletal muscle from the HFD group (vs. LFD, p < 0.05), but was reduced with Mdivi-1 treatment, which may partially explain the improvement in skeletal muscle insulin action. Similarly, Mdivi-1 enhanced the mitochondrial network structure, reduced reactive oxygen species, and improved insulin action in myotubes from obese humans (vs. saline, p < 0.05). In conclusion, inhibiting Drp1 with short-term Mdivi-1 administration attenuates the impairment in skeletal muscle insulin signaling and improves whole-body glucose tolerance in the setting of obesity-induced insulin resistance. Targeting Drp1 may be a viable approach to treat obesity-induced insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin A. Kugler
- Department of Exercise and Health SciencesCollege of Nursing and Health SciencesUniversity of Massachusetts BostonBostonMAUSA
| | - Wenqian Deng
- Department of Exercise and Health SciencesCollege of Nursing and Health SciencesUniversity of Massachusetts BostonBostonMAUSA
- School of Sports Medicine and HealthChengdu Sport InstituteChengduChina
| | - Abigail L. Duguay
- Department of Exercise and Health SciencesCollege of Nursing and Health SciencesUniversity of Massachusetts BostonBostonMAUSA
| | - Jessica P. Garcia
- Department of Exercise and Health SciencesCollege of Nursing and Health SciencesUniversity of Massachusetts BostonBostonMAUSA
| | - Meaghan C. Anderson
- Department of Exercise and Health SciencesCollege of Nursing and Health SciencesUniversity of Massachusetts BostonBostonMAUSA
| | - Paul D. Nguyen
- Department of Exercise and Health SciencesCollege of Nursing and Health SciencesUniversity of Massachusetts BostonBostonMAUSA
| | - Joseph A. Houmard
- Department of KinesiologyEast Carolina UniversityGreenvilleNCUSA
- Human Performance LaboratoryEast Carolina UniversityGreenvilleNCUSA
| | - Kai Zou
- Department of Exercise and Health SciencesCollege of Nursing and Health SciencesUniversity of Massachusetts BostonBostonMAUSA
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18
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Wei J, Wang K, Hettinghouse A, Liu C. Atsttrin Promotes Cartilage Repair Primarily Through TNFR2-Akt Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:577572. [PMID: 33195216 PMCID: PMC7658268 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.577572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cartilage defects account for substantial economic and humanistic burdens and pose a significant clinical problem. The efficacy of clinical approaches to cartilage repair is often inadequate, in part, owing to the restricted proliferative capacity of chondrocytes. Molecules have the capacity to promote the differentiation of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells into chondrocytes and may also gain the ability to repair the damaged cartilage. Objective This study aimed to investigate the role of Atsttrin (progranulin-derived engineered protein) in cartilage repair as well as the signaling pathway involved. Methods Primary and mesenchymal stem cell lines were used for the micromass culture. A murine cartilage defect model was used to determine the role of Atsttrin in cartilage repair in vivo. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis were used to monitor the effect of Atsttrin on the transcriptional and protein levels, respectively, of key anabolic and catabolic signaling molecules. Results Atsttrin stimulated chondrogenesis in vitro and accelerated cartilage repair in vivo. In addition, Atsttrin-mediated cartilage repair occurred primarily through tumor necrosis factor receptor 2-initiated Akt signaling and downstream JunB transcription factor. Conclusion Atsttrin might serve as a promising therapeutic modality for cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlu Wei
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kaidi Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | | | - Chuanju Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Cell Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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19
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DR3 stimulation of adipose resident ILC2s ameliorates type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4718. [PMID: 32948777 PMCID: PMC7501856 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18601-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Disturbances in glucose homeostasis and low-grade chronic inflammation culminate into metabolic syndrome that increase the risk for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The recently discovered group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are capable of secreting copious amounts of type 2 cytokines to modulate metabolic homeostasis in adipose tissue. In this study, we have established that expression of Death Receptor 3 (DR3), a member of the TNF superfamily, on visceral adipose tissue (VAT)-derived murine and peripheral blood human ILC2s is inducible by IL-33. We demonstrate that DR3 engages the canonical and/or non-canonical NF-κB pathways, and thus stimulates naïve and co-stimulates IL-33-activated ILC2s. Importantly, DR3 engagement on ILC2s significantly ameliorates glucose tolerance, protects against insulin-resistance onset and remarkably reverses already established insulin-resistance. Taken together, these results convey the potent role of DR3 as an ILC2 regulator and introduce DR3 agonistic treatment as a novel therapeutic avenue for treating T2DM.
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20
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Banfield C, Rudin D, Bhattacharya I, Goteti K, Li G, Hassan‐Zahraee M, Brown LS, Hung KE, Pawlak S, Lepsy C. First-in-human, randomized dose-escalation study of the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and immunogenicity of PF-06480605 in healthy subjects. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2020; 86:812-824. [PMID: 31758576 PMCID: PMC7098865 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.14187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Human genetic, tissue expression, proteomics, transcriptomics and nonclinical studies implicate tumour necrosis factor α-like ligand 1A (TL1A) as a novel target in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). PF-06480605, a fully human immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibody, targets TL1A. This first-in-human, Phase 1, dose-escalation study assessed safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and immunogenicity of intravenous (IV) and subcutaneous (SC) PF-06480605 in healthy subjects (NCT01989143). METHODS Ninety-two subjects were randomized to single ascending doses (SAD), PF-06480605 1 mg, 3 mg, 10 mg, 30 mg, 100 mg, 300 mg, 600 mg or 800 mg IV, or multiple ascending doses (MAD), PF-06480605 3 × 500 mg IV, or 3 × 30 mg, 3 × 100 mg, or 3 × 300 mg SC every 2 weeks for three doses, or placebo. Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, immunogenicity profiles and total TL1A, anti-drug antibody (ADA) and neutralizing antibody (NAb) levels were assessed at pre-determined times. RESULTS PF-06480605 SAD up to 800 mg IV and MAD up to 300 mg ×3 SC and 500 mg ×3 IV were well tolerated. Overall, there were 45 and 44 treatment-emergent adverse events in SAD and MAD cohorts, respectively, and no deaths or serious adverse events. PF-06480605 exposure generally increased dose-dependently. ADA and NAb levels did not impact safety, pharmacokinetics, or pharmacodynamics at higher doses. Target engagement was demonstrated through dose-dependent differences in serum total soluble TL1A concentrations for PF-06480605 vs placebo cohorts. CONCLUSIONS PF-06480605 was generally well tolerated, and binding of soluble TL1A was maintained throughout the dose interval, supporting further study of PF-06480605 in patients with IBD and other inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Gang Li
- Pfizer IncCollegevillePennsylvania
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21
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Ling C, Cai R, Gong Y, Ding X. DR3 and its ligands take roles in periodontium remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement. J Dent Sci 2020; 16:356-364. [PMID: 33384820 PMCID: PMC7770259 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Based on ‘pressure-tension theory’, the application of orthodontic force to the tooth site affects the remodeling of periodontal tissue, specifically, mechanical stress induces the release of cytokines. The purpose of this research paper is to examine death receptor 3/TNF-like protein 1A/progranulin (DR3/TL1A/PGRN) expression levels in periodontium tissue during orthodontic tooth movement in rats. Materials and methods Thirty-six ten-week-old male SD rats were used in this study. A total of 20 cN of orthodontic force was exerted by coil springs onto the upper right first molars in order for mesialization purposes. All rat members of their corresponding groups were euthanized based on the following time intervals: 0 day for the control group, 1 day (group two), 3 days (group three), 5 days (group four), 7 days (group five), and lastly 14 days for group six. The effects of DR3/TL1A/PGRN were observed through the use of immunohistochemical staining techniques. One-way analysis of variance followed by a LSD t-test was performed by SPSS 20 to compare the differences of the level of DR3/TL1A/PGRN amongst each specified time interval. Results The expression levels of DR3/PGRN increased significantly on day 14 compared to that of the control group, thus indicating a wide range of statistical differences. The expression levels of TL1A soared upwards on day 1, then plunged to an all-time low on day 7 before finally bouncing back to its initial value on day14. Conclusion DR3 and its two ligands—PGRN and TL1A play indispensable roles in regulating periodontal ligament remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanliang Ling
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruolin Cai
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Gong
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojun Ding
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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22
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Tian G, Jin X, Wang Q, Ye T, Li G, Liu J. Recent advances in the study of progranulin and its role in sepsis. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 79:106090. [PMID: 31869774 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.106090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. The mortality rate of in-hospital patients whose conditions are complicated by sepsis remains high in spite of intensive-care treatment, therefore placing a significant financial burden on the health care system. In recent years, progranulin (PGRN), a cysteine-rich secretory protein (CRISP), has been found to play a crucial role in sepsis. PGRN participates in the pathogenesis of sepsis via diverse pathways, including bacterial clearance, cell growth and survival, tissue repair, and the regulation of inflammation. PGRN knockout mice suffer from serious infectious processes, whereas therapeutic administration of recombinant PGRN to such mice enhances bacterial clearance and reduces organ injury and mortality rate. Even though PGRN plays an important role in regulating sepsis, its potential mechanisms have not been completely clarified. In this review, we summarize the most recent research advances in the study of PGRN and its role in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Tian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Xinrui Jin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Diseases (Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University), Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Ting Ye
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Guangrong Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jinbo Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
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23
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Klemm P, Assmann G, Preuss KD, Fadle N, Regitz E, Martin T, Pfreundschuh M, Thurner L. Progranulin autoantibodies in systemic sclerosis and autoimmune connective tissue disorders: A preliminary study. IMMUNITY INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE 2019; 7:271-275. [PMID: 31502765 PMCID: PMC6842819 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to investigate progranulin autoantibodies in systemic sclerosis and autoimmune connective tissue disorders. Progranulin is a physiologic tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonist. Progranulin antibodies decrease progranulin levels. METHODS Serum samples of 123 patients with systemic sclerosis and various autoimmune connective tissue disorders (Sjoegren's syndrome [SjS], mixed connective tissue disorder, polymyositis [PM] and dermatomyositis [DM], antiphospholipid syndrome [APLS], and undifferentiated connective tissue disease [UCTD]) were tested for progranulin antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Progranulin antibodies were found in 34 of 123 (27.6%) patients at least once during their disease. In detail, 2 of 8 (25%) patients with limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis, 10 of 31 (32.3%) patients with diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis, 9 of 22 (40.9%) patients with SjS, 1 of 3 (33.33%) patients with mixed connective tissue disease, 4 of 33 (12.1%) patients with DM or PM, 6 of 15 (40%) patients with APLS, and 2 of 11 (18.2%) patients with UCTD were positive for progranulin antibodies during the course of disease. CONCLUSIONS Progranulin antibodies are frequently present in patients with systemic sclerosis and other autoimmune connective tissue disorders. Despite the lack of specificity for a given autoimmune disease, progranulin antibodies might not only indicate a potential subtype but also play a pathogenic role in patients with autoimmune connective disorders. Given the important role of TNF-α in inflammatory processes in autoimmune connective tissue disorders, progranulin antibodies might support the proinflammatory environment by neutralizing the TNF blocker progranulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Klemm
- Saarland University Medical School, José Carreras Center for Immuno- and Gene Therapy and Internal Medicine I, Homburg/Saar, Germany.,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Justus Liebig University Gießen, Campus Kerckhoff, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Gunter Assmann
- Saarland University Medical School, José Carreras Center for Immuno- and Gene Therapy and Internal Medicine I, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Klaus-Dieter Preuss
- Saarland University Medical School, José Carreras Center for Immuno- and Gene Therapy and Internal Medicine I, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Natalie Fadle
- Saarland University Medical School, José Carreras Center for Immuno- and Gene Therapy and Internal Medicine I, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Evi Regitz
- Saarland University Medical School, José Carreras Center for Immuno- and Gene Therapy and Internal Medicine I, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Thierry Martin
- CNRS, UPR3572, IBMC, Hopitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Michael Pfreundschuh
- Saarland University Medical School, José Carreras Center for Immuno- and Gene Therapy and Internal Medicine I, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Lorenz Thurner
- Saarland University Medical School, José Carreras Center for Immuno- and Gene Therapy and Internal Medicine I, Homburg/Saar, Germany
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24
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Wajant H, Beilhack A. Targeting Regulatory T Cells by Addressing Tumor Necrosis Factor and Its Receptors in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation and Cancer. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2040. [PMID: 31555271 PMCID: PMC6724557 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
An intricate network of molecular and cellular actors orchestrates the delicate balance between effector immune responses and immune tolerance. The pleiotropic cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) proves as a pivotal protagonist promoting but also suppressing immune responses. These opposite actions are accomplished through specialist cell types responding to TNF via TNF receptors TNFR1 and TNFR2. Recent findings highlight the importance of TNFR2 as a key regulator of activated natural FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) in inflammatory conditions, such as acute graft-vs.-host disease (GvHD) and the tumor microenvironment. Here we review recent advances in our understanding of TNFR2 signaling in T cells and discuss how these can reconcile seemingly conflicting observations when manipulating TNF and TNFRs. As TNFR2 emerges as a new and attractive target we furthermore pinpoint strategies and potential pitfalls for therapeutic targeting of TNFR2 for cancer treatment and immune tolerance after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Wajant
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Beilhack
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Center for Interdisciplinary Clinical Research, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Else-Kröner-Forschungskolleg Würzburg, Würzburg University Hospital, Würzburg University, Würzburg, Germany
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25
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Wei J, Zhang L, Ding Y, Liu R, Guo Y, Hettinghouse A, Buza J, De La Croix J, Li X, Einhorn TA, Liu CJ. Progranulin promotes diabetic fracture healing in mice with type 1 diabetes. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2019; 1460:43-56. [PMID: 31423598 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease characterized by insulin deficiency, and patients with diabetes have an increased risk of bone fracture and significantly impaired fracture healing. Proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha is significantly upregulated in diabetic fractures and is believed to underlie delayed fracture healing commonly observed in diabetes. Our previous genetic screen for the binding partners of progranulin (PGRN), a growth factor-like molecule that induces chondrogenesis, led to the identification of tumor necrosis factor receptors (TNFRs) as the PGRN-binding receptors. In this study, we employed several in vivo models to ascertain whether PGRN has therapeutic effects in diabetic fracture healing. Here, we report that deletion of PGRN significantly delayed bone fracture healing and aggravated inflammation in the fracture models of mice with T1DM. In contrast, recombinant PGRN effectively promoted diabetic fracture healing by inhibiting inflammation and enhancing chondrogenesis. In addition, both TNFR1 proinflammatory and TNFR2 anti-inflammatory signaling pathways are involved in PGRN-stimulated diabetic fracture healing. Collectively, these findings illuminate a novel understanding concerning the role of PGRN in diabetic fracture healing and may have an application in the development of novel therapeutic intervention strategies for diabetic and other types of impaired fracture healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlu Wei
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York University Medical Center, New York, New York.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York University Medical Center, New York, New York.,Department of Orthopaedics, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, the First Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yuanjing Ding
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Ronghan Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Yuqi Guo
- College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, New York
| | - Aubryanna Hettinghouse
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - John Buza
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Jean De La Croix
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Xin Li
- College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, New York
| | - Thomas A Einhorn
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Chuan-Ju Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York University Medical Center, New York, New York.,Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
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26
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Cui Y, Hettinghouse A, Liu CJ. Progranulin: A conductor of receptors orchestra, a chaperone of lysosomal enzymes and a therapeutic target for multiple diseases. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2019; 45:53-64. [PMID: 30733059 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Progranulin (PGRN), a widely expressed glycoprotein with pleiotropic function, has been linked to a host of physiological processes and diverse pathological states. A series of contemporary preclinical disease models and clinical trials have evaluated various therapeutic strategies targeting PGRN, highlighting PGRN as a promising therapeutic target. Herein we summarize available knowledge of PGRN targeting in various kinds of diseases, including common neurological diseases, inflammatory autoimmune diseases, cancer, tissue repair, and rare lysosomal storage diseases, with a focus on the functional domain-oriented drug development strategies. In particular, we emphasize the role of extracellular PGRN as a non-conventional, extracellular matrix bound, growth factor-like conductor orchestrating multiple membrane receptors and intracellular PGRN as a chaperone/co-chaperone that mediates the folding and traffic of its various binding partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazhou Cui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10003, USA; Shandong Medical Biotechnological Center, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250062, China
| | - Aubryanna Hettinghouse
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Chuan-Ju Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10003, USA; Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
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27
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Liu L, Qu Y, Liu Y, Zhao H, Ma HC, Noor AF, Ji CJ, Nie L, Si M, Cheng L. Atsttrin reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation by inhibiting the nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway. Neural Regen Res 2019; 14:1994-2002. [PMID: 31290458 PMCID: PMC6676886 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.259623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Progranulin is closely related to neuronal survival in a neuroinflammatory mouse model and attenuates inflammatory reactions. Atsttrin is an engineered protein composed of three progranulin fragments and has been shown to have an effect similar to that of progranulin. Atsttrin has anti-inflammatory actions in multiple arthritis mouse models, and it protects against further arthritis development. However, whether Atsttrin has a role in neuroinflammation remains to be elucidated. In this study, we produced a neuroinflammatory mouse model by intracerebroventricular injection of 1 μL lipopolysaccharide (10 μg/μL). Atsttrin (2.5 mg/kg) was administered via intraperitoneal injection every 3 days over a period of 7 days before intracerebroventricular injection of 1 μL lipopolysaccharide (10 μg/μL). In addition, astrocyte cultures were treated with 0, 100 or 300 ng/mL lipopolysaccharide, with 200 ng/mL Atsttrin simultaneously. Immunohistochemistry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction were performed to examine the protein and mRNA levels of inflammatory mediators and to assess activation of the nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway. Progranulin expression in the brain of wild-type mice and in astrocyte cultures was increased after lipopolysaccharide administration. The protein and mRNA expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β and inducible nitric oxide synthase were increased in the brain of progranulin knockout mice after lipopolysaccharide administration. Atsttrin treatment reduced the lipopolysaccharide-induced increase in the protein and mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, matrix metalloproteinase-3 and inducible nitric oxide synthase in the brain of progranulin knockout mice. Atsttrin also reduced the expression of cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase and matrix metalloproteinase 3 mRNA in lipopolysaccharide-treated astrocytes in vitro, and decreased the concentration of tumor necrosis factor a and interleukin-1β in the supernatant. Furthermore, Atsttrin significantly reduced the levels of phospho-nuclear factor kappa B inhibitor a in the brain of lipopolysaccharide-treated progranulin knockout mice and astrocytes, and it decreased the expression of nuclear factor kappa B2 in astrocytes. Collectively, our findings show that the anti-neuroinflammatory effect of Atsttrin involves inhibiton of the nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway, and they suggest that Atsttrin may have clinical potential in neuroinflammatory therapy. The study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, China (approval No. KYLL-2015(KS)-088) on February 10, 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University; Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yuan Qu
- Department of Hand Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hua Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - He-Cheng Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ahmed Fayyaz Noor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - Chang-Jiao Ji
- Department of Orthopedics, the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lin Nie
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Meng Si
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lei Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
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28
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Buttó LF, Jia LG, Arseneau KO, Tamagawa H, Rodriguez-Palacios A, Li Z, De Salvo C, Pizarro TT, Bamias G, Cominelli F. Death-Domain-Receptor 3 Deletion Normalizes Inflammatory Gene Expression and Prevents Ileitis in Experimental Crohn's Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2019; 25:14-26. [PMID: 30295722 PMCID: PMC6290789 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izy305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background TNF-like cytokine 1A (TL1A) and its functional receptor, death-domain-receptor-3 (DR3), are multifunctional mediators of effector and regulatory immunity. We aimed to evaluate the functional role and therapeutic potential of TL1A/DR3 signaling in Crohn's disease-like ileitis. Methods Ileitis-prone SAMP1/YitFc (SAMP) and TNFΔARE/+ mice were rendered deficient for DR3 or TL1A by microsatellite marker-assisted backcrossing. Pathological and immunological characteristics were compared between control and knockout mice, and mucosal immunophenotype was analyzed by Nanostring microarray assay. The therapeutic effect of pharmacological TL1A neutralization was also investigated. Results DR3 deficiency was associated with restoration of a homeostatic mucosal immunostat in SAMP mice through the regulation of several pro- and anti-inflammatory genes. This led to suppression of effector immunity, amelioration of ileitis severity, and compromised ability of either unfractionated CD4+ or CD4+CD45RBhi mucosal lymphocytes to transfer ileitis to severe combined immunodeficient mice recipients. TNF-driven ileitis was also prevented in TNFΔARE/+xDR3-/- mice, in association with decreased expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF and IFN-γ. In contrast to DR3, TL1A was dispensable for the development of ileitis although it affected the kinetics of inflammation, as TNFΔARE/+xTL1A-/- demonstrated delayed onset of inflammation, whereas administration of a neutralizing, anti-TL1A antibody ameliorated early but not late TNFΔARE/+ ileitis. Conclusion We found a prominent pro-inflammatory role of DR3 in chronic ileitis, which is only partially mediated via interaction with TL1A, raising the possibility for additional DR3 ligands. Death-domain-receptor-3 appears to be a master regulator of mucosal homeostasis and inflammation and may represent a candidate therapeutic target for chronic inflammatory conditions of the bowel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovica F Buttó
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Digestive Health Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Li-Guo Jia
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Digestive Health Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Kristen O Arseneau
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Digestive Health Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Alex Rodriguez-Palacios
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Digestive Health Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Zhaodong Li
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Digestive Health Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Carlo De Salvo
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Digestive Health Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Theresa T Pizarro
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Digestive Health Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Giorgos Bamias
- GI-Unit, 3rd Academic Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Sotiria Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Fabio Cominelli
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Digestive Health Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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29
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Williams A, Wang ECY, Thurner L, Liu CJ. Review: Novel Insights Into Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor, Death Receptor 3, and Progranulin Pathways in Arthritis and Bone Remodeling. Arthritis Rheumatol 2018; 68:2845-2856. [PMID: 27428882 PMCID: PMC5599977 DOI: 10.1002/art.39816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lorenz Thurner
- Saarland University Medical School, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Chuan-Ju Liu
- New York University Medical Center, New York, New York
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Chen Y, Sud N, Hettinghouse A, Liu CJ. Molecular regulations and therapeutic targets of Gaucher disease. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2018; 41:65-74. [PMID: 29699937 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gaucher disease (GD) is the most common lysosomal storage disease caused by deficiency of beta-glucocerebrosidase (GCase) resulting in lysosomal accumulation of its glycolipid substrate glucosylceramide. The activity of GCase depends on many factors such as proper folding and lysosomal localization, which are influenced by mutations in GCase encoding gene, and regulated by various GCase-binding partners including Saposin C, progranulin and heat shock proteins. In addition, proinflammatory molecules also contribute to pathogenicity of GD. In this review, we summarize the molecules that are known to be important for the pathogenesis of GD, particularly those modulating GCase lysosomal appearance and activity. In addition, small molecules that inhibit inflammatory mediators, calcium ion channels and other factors associated with GD are also described. Discovery and characterization of novel molecules that impact GD are not only important for deciphering the pathogenic mechanisms of the disease, but they also provide new targets for drug development to treat the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehong Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY 10003, USA; Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Neetu Sud
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Aubryanna Hettinghouse
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Chuan-Ju Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY 10003, USA; Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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Jian J, Chen Y, Liberti R, Fu W, Hu W, Saunders-Pullman R, Pastores GM, Chen Y, Sun Y, Grabowski GA, Liu CJ. Chitinase-3-like Protein 1: A Progranulin Downstream Molecule and Potential Biomarker for Gaucher Disease. EBioMedicine 2018; 28:251-260. [PMID: 29396296 PMCID: PMC5835567 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently reported that progranulin (PGRN) is a novel regulator of glucocerebrosidase and its deficiency associates with Gaucher Diseases (GD) (Jian et al., 2016a; Jian et al., 2018). To isolate the relevant downstream molecules, we performed a whole genome microarray and mass spectrometry analysis, which led to the isolation of Chitinase-3-like-1 (CHI3L1) as one of the up-regulated genes in PGRN null mice. Elevated levels of CHI3L1 were confirmed by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. In contrast, treatment with recombinant Pcgin, a derivative of PGRN, as well as imigluerase, significantly reduced the expressions of CHI3L1 in both PGRN null GD model and the fibroblasts from GD patients. Serum levels of CHIT1, a clinical biomarker for GD, were significantly higher in GD patients than healthy controls (51.16±2.824ng/ml vs 35.07±2.099ng/ml, p<0.001). Similar to CHIT1, serum CHI3L1 was also significantly increased in GD patients compared with healthy controls (1736±152.1pg/ml vs 684.7±68.20pg/ml, p<0.001). Whereas the PGRN level is significantly reduced in GD patients as compared to the healthy control (91.56±3.986ng/ml vs 150.6±4.501, p<0.001). Collectively, these results indicate that CHI3L1 may be a previously unrecognized biomarker for diagnosing GD and for evaluating the therapeutic effects of new GD drug(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Jian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Yuehong Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Rossella Liberti
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Wenyu Fu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Wenhuo Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | | | - Gregory M Pastores
- Department of Neurology, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Ave, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ying Chen
- Depression Evaluation Service, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ying Sun
- The Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Gregory A Grabowski
- The Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Chuan-Ju Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10003, USA; Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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Progranulin derivative Atsttrin protects against early osteoarthritis in mouse and rat models. Arthritis Res Ther 2017; 19:280. [PMID: 29258611 PMCID: PMC5735869 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-017-1485-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atsttrin, an engineered protein composed of three tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-binding fragments of progranulin (PGRN), shows therapeutic effect in multiple murine models of inflammatory arthritis . Additionally, intra-articular delivery of PGRN protects against osteoarthritis (OA) progression. The purpose of this study is to determine whether Atsttrin also has therapeutic effects in OA and the molecular mechanisms involved. METHODS Surgically induced and noninvasive rupture OA models were established in mouse and rat, respectively. Cartilage degradation and OA were evaluated using Safranin O staining, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA. Additionally, expressions of pain-related markers, degenerative factors, and anabolic and catabolic markers known to be involved in OA were analyzed. Furthermore, the anabolic and anti-catabolic effects and underlying mechanisms of Atsttrin were determined using in-vitro assays with primary chondrocytes. RESULTS Herein, we found Atsttrin effectively prevented the accelerated OA phenotype associated with PGRN deficiency. Additionally, Atsttrin exhibited a preventative effect in OA by protecting articular cartilage and reducing OA-associated pain in both nonsurgically induced rat and surgically induced murine OA models. Mechanistic studies revealed that Atsttrin stimulated TNFR2-Akt-Erk1/2-dependent chondrocyte anabolism, while inhibiting TNFα/TNFR1-mediated inflammatory catabolism. CONCLUSIONS These findings not only provide new insights into the role of PGRN and its derived engineered protein Atsttrin in cartilage homeostasis as well as OA in vivo, but may also lead to new therapeutic alternatives for OA as well as other relative degenerative joint diseases.
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Ding H, Wei J, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Liu L, Cheng L. Progranulin derived engineered protein Atsttrin suppresses TNF-α-mediated inflammation in intervertebral disc degenerative disease. Oncotarget 2017; 8:109692-109702. [PMID: 29312639 PMCID: PMC5752552 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Atsttrin, an engineered molecule composed of three fragments of progranulin(PGRN), exerts comparable anti-inflammation ability. Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is involved in inflammation in which TNF-α plays a key role. This study aims to examine the effect and the mechanism of Atsttrin in the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc degeneration. For this purpose, we took advantage of murine and human intervertebral disc (IVD) and examined the expression of TNF-α in IVD tissues using immunohistochemistry and TNF-α level in peripheral sera by ELISA assay. Moreover, murine IVD was taken to undergo the Safranin O and HE staining. Furthermore, primary human nucleus pulposus cells were used for immunohistochemistry staining, fluorescent staining, Western Blot, ELISA assay and RT-PCR assay. Herein we found TNF-α expression was elevated in intervertebral disc and peripheral sera in patients with IDD. Interestingly, Atsttrin effectively inhibited TNF-α-mediated catabolism in murine disc by ex vivo study. TNF-α-induced inflammatory cytokines were strongly reduced in presence of Atsttrin in primary human disc. Mechanism study indicated Atsttrin protected against intervertebral disc degeneration by inhibiting TNF-α-induced inflammation. These findings show that Atsttrin is a potential molecular target for disc degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ding
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jianlu Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yunpeng Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lian Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Abella V, Pino J, Scotece M, Conde J, Lago F, Gonzalez-Gay MA, Mera A, Gómez R, Mobasheri A, Gualillo O. Progranulin as a biomarker and potential therapeutic agent. Drug Discov Today 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Collins FL, Williams JO, Bloom AC, Singh RK, Jordan L, Stone MD, McCabe LR, Wang ECY, Williams AS. CCL3 and MMP-9 are induced by TL1A during death receptor 3 (TNFRSF25)-dependent osteoclast function and systemic bone loss. Bone 2017; 97:94-104. [PMID: 28062298 PMCID: PMC5378198 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Reduced bone density and secondary osteoporosis, resulting in increased risk of fracture, is a significant complicating factor in the inflammatory arthritides. While the exact etiology of systemic bone loss is not fully elucidated, recent insights into the tumor necrosis factor super family (TNFSF) revealed a potential role for death receptor 3 (DR3/TNFRSF25) and one of its ligands, TNF-like protein 1A (TL1A/TNFSF15). The mechanisms by which DR3/TL1A signalling modulates bone loss are unclear. We investigated the effect of DR3/TL1A signalling upon osteoclast-dependent chemokine and MMP production to unravel novel mechanisms whereby this pathway regulates OC formation and OC-dependent bone resorption. Collagen induced arthritis (CIA) was established in DR3wt and DR3ko mice, joints were sectioned and analysed histologically for bone damage while systemic trabecular bone loss distal to the affected joints was compared by micro-CT. Ablation of DR3 protected DBA/1 mice against the development and progression of CIA. In DR3ko, joints of the ankle and mid-foot were almost free of bone erosions and long bones of mice with CIA were protected against systemic trabecular bone loss. In vitro, expression of DR3 was confirmed on primary human CD14+ osteoclast precursors by flow cytometry. These cells were treated with TL1A in osteoclast differentiation medium and TRAP+ osteoclasts, bone resorption, levels of osteoclast-associated chemokines (CCL3, CCL2 and CXCL8) and MMP-9 measured. TL1A intensified human osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption and increased osteoclast-associated production of CCL3 and MMP-9. Our data reveals the DR3 pathway as an attractive therapeutic target to combat adverse bone pathology associated with inflammatory arthritis. We demonstrate that DR3 is critical in the pathogenesis of murine CIA and associated secondary osteoporosis. Furthermore, we identify a novel mechanism by which the DR3/TL1A pathway directly enhances human OC formation and resorptive activity, controlling expression and activation of CCL3 and MMP-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fraser L Collins
- Cardiff Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Jessica O Williams
- Cardiff Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Anja C Bloom
- Cardiff Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Ravinder K Singh
- Cardiff Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Lauren Jordan
- Cardiff Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Michael D Stone
- University Hospital Llandough, Cardiff & Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Laura R McCabe
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Biomedical Imaging Research Centre, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Eddie C Y Wang
- Cardiff Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
| | - Anwen S Williams
- Cardiff Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
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Jian J, Tian QY, Hettinghouse A, Zhao S, Liu H, Wei J, Grunig G, Zhang W, Setchell KDR, Sun Y, Overkleeft HS, Chan GL, Liu CJ. Progranulin Recruits HSP70 to β-Glucocerebrosidase and Is Therapeutic Against Gaucher Disease. EBioMedicine 2016; 13:212-224. [PMID: 27789271 PMCID: PMC5264254 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gaucher disease (GD), the most common lysosomal storage disease, is caused by mutations in GBA1 encoding of β-glucocerebrosidase (GCase). Recently it was reported that progranulin (PGRN) insufficiency and deficiency associated with GD in human and mice, respectively. However the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Here we report that PGRN binds directly to GCase and its deficiency results in aggregation of GCase and its receptor LIMP2. Mass spectrometry approaches identified HSP70 as a GCase/LIMP2 complex-associated protein upon stress, with PGRN as an indispensable adaptor. Additionally, 98 amino acids of C-terminal PGRN, referred to as Pcgin, are required and sufficient for the binding to GCase and HSP70. Pcgin effectively ameliorates the disease phenotype in GD patient fibroblasts and animal models. These findings not only demonstrate that PGRN is a co-chaperone of HSP70 and plays an important role in GCase lysosomal localization, but may also provide new therapeutic interventions for lysosomal storage diseases, in particular GD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Jian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10003, United States
| | - Qing-Yun Tian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10003, United States
| | - Aubryanna Hettinghouse
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10003, United States
| | - Shuai Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10003, United States
| | - Helen Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10003, United States
| | - Jianlu Wei
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10003, United States
| | - Gabriele Grunig
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 57 Old Forge Road, Tuxedo, NY 10987, United States
| | - Wujuan Zhang
- Division of Pathology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, United States
| | - Kenneth D R Setchell
- Division of Pathology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, United States
| | - Ying Sun
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, United States
| | - Herman S Overkleeft
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gerald L Chan
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Chuan-Ju Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10003, United States; Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States.
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Jian J, Li G, Hettinghouse A, Liu C. Progranulin: A key player in autoimmune diseases. Cytokine 2016; 101:48-55. [PMID: 27527809 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune disease encompasses an array of conditions with a variety of presentations and the involvement of multiple organs. Though the etiologies of many autoimmune conditions are unclear, uncontrolled inflammatory immune response is believed to be a major cause of disease development and progression. Progranulin (PGRN), an anti-inflammatory molecule with therapeutic effect in inflammatory arthritis, was identified as an endogenous antagonist of TNFα by competitively binding to TNFR. PGRN exerts its anti-inflammatory activity through multiple pathways, including induction of Treg differentiation and IL-10 expression and inhibition of chemokine release from macrophages. In addition, the protective role of PGRN has also been demonstrated in osteoarthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and psoriasis. Intriguingly, PGRN was reported to contribute to development of insulin resistance in high-fat diet induced diabetes. Emerging evidences indicate that PGRN may also be associated with various autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematous, systemic sclerosis, multiple sclerosis and Sjogren's syndrome. This review summarizes recent studies of PGRN as a novel target molecule in the field of autoimmune disease, and provides updated information to inspire future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Jian
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10003, United States
| | - Guangfei Li
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10003, United States; Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Aubryanna Hettinghouse
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10003, United States
| | - Chuanju Liu
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10003, United States; Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States.
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Wei J, Hettinghouse A, Liu C. The role of progranulin in arthritis. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2016; 1383:5-20. [PMID: 27505256 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Progranulin (PGRN) is a growth factor with a unique beads-on-a-string structure that is involved in multiple pathophysiological processes, including anti-inflammation, tissue repair, wound healing, neurodegenerative diseases, and tumorigenesis. This review presents up-to-date information concerning recent studies on the role of PGRN in inflammatory arthritis and osteoarthritis, with a special focus on the involvement of the interactions and interplay between PGRN and tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) family members in regulating such musculoskeletal diseases. In addition, this paper highlights the applications of atsttrin, an engineered protein comprising three TNFR-binding fragments of PGRN, as a promising intervention in treating arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlu Wei
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, New York.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical School of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Aubryanna Hettinghouse
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Chuanju Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, New York.,Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
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Sawicka M, Janowska J, Chudek J. Potential beneficial effect of some adipokines positively correlated with the adipose tissue content on the cardiovascular system. Int J Cardiol 2016; 222:581-589. [PMID: 27513655 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor of cardiovascular diseases. However, in the case of heart failure, obese and overweight patients have a more favourable prognosis compared to patients who have a normal body weight. This phenomenon is referred to as the "obesity paradox," and it is explained by, among others, a positive effect of adipokines produced by adipose tissue, particularly by the tissue located in the direct vicinity of the heart and blood vessels. The favourable effect on the cardiovascular system is mostly associated with adiponectin and omentin, but the levels of these substances are reduced in obese patients. Among the adipokines which levels are positively correlated with the adipose tissue content, favourable activity is demonstrated by apelin, progranulin, chemerin, TNF-α (tumour necrosis factor-)α, CTRP-3 (C1q/tumour necrosis factor (TNF) related protein), leptin, visfatin and vaspin. This activity is associated with the promotion of regeneration processes in the damaged myocardium, formation of new blood vessels, reduction of the afterload, improvement of metabolic processes in cardiomyocytes and myocardial contractile function, inhibition of apoptosis and fibrosis of the myocardium, as well as anti-inflammatory and anti-atheromatous effects. The potential use of these properties in the treatment of heart failure and ischaemic heart disease, as well as in pulmonary hypertension, arterial hypertension and the limitation of the loss of cardiomyocytes during cardioplegia-requiring cardiosurgical procedures, is studied. The most advanced studies focus on analogues of apelin and progranulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Sawicka
- Department of Cardiology, Congenital Heart Diseases and Electrotherapy, Silesian Center for Heart Diseases, 9 Maria Skłodowska- Curie Street, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, 18 Medyków Street, 40-027 Katowice, Poland.
| | - Joanna Janowska
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, 18 Medyków Street, 40-027 Katowice, Poland
| | - Jerzy Chudek
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, 18 Medyków Street, 40-027 Katowice, Poland
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Li H, Zhou B, Liu J, Li F, Li Y, Kang X, Sun H, Wu S. Administration of progranulin (PGRN) triggers ER stress and impairs insulin sensitivity via PERK-eIF2α-dependent manner. Cell Cycle 2016; 14:1893-907. [PMID: 26039714 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2015.1041686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Progranulin (PGRN) has recently emerged as an important regulator for glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. However, the direct effects of PGRN in vivo and the underlying mechanisms between PGRN and impaired insulin sensitivity are not fully understood. In this study, mice treated with PGRN for 21 d exhibited the impaired glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, remarkable ER stress as well as attenuated insulin signaling in liver and adipose tissue but not in skeletal muscle. Furthermore, treatment of mice with phenyl butyric acid (PBA), a chemical chaperone alleviating ER stress, resulted in a significant restoration of systemic insulin sensitivity and recovery of insulin signaling induced by PGRN. Consistent with these findings in vivo, we also observed that PGRN treatment induced ER stress, impaired insulin signaling in cultured hepatocytes and adipocytes, with such effects being partially nullified by blockade of PERK. Whereas PGRN-deficient hepatocytes and adipocytes were more refractory to palmitate-induced insulin resistance, indicating the causative role of the PERK-eIF2α axis of the ER stress response in action of PGRN. Collectively, our findings supported the notion that PGRN is a key regulator of insulin resistance and that PGRN may mediate its effects, at least in part, by inducing ER stress via the PERK-eIF2α dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixia Li
- a First Affiliated Hospital; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases; Ministry of Education; Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University ; Xi'an , Shaanxi , China
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Progranulin suppresses titanium particle induced inflammatory osteolysis by targeting TNFα signaling. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20909. [PMID: 26864916 PMCID: PMC4750042 DOI: 10.1038/srep20909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aseptic loosening is a major complication of prosthetic joint surgery, characterized by chronic inflammation, pain, and osteolysis surrounding the bone-implant interface. Progranulin (PGRN) is known to have anti-inflammatory action by binding to Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) receptors and antagonizing TNFα. Here we report that titanium particles significantly induced PGRN expression in RAW264.7 cells and also in a mouse air-pouch model of inflammation. PGRN-deficiency enhanced, whereas administration of recombinant PGRN effectively inhibited, titanium particle-induced inflammation in an air pouch model. In addition, PGRN also significantly inhibited titanium particle-induced osteoclastogenesis and calvarial osteolysis in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that the inhibition of PGRN on titanium particle induced-inflammation is primarily via neutralizing the titanium particle-activated TNFα/NF-κB signaling pathway and this is evidenced by the suppression of particle-induced IκB phosphorylation, NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation, and activity of the NF-κB-specific reporter gene. Collectively, these findings not only demonstrate that PGRN plays an important role in inhibiting titanium particle-induced inflammation, but also provide a potential therapeutic agent for the prevention of wear debris-induced inflammation and osteolysis.
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Yu Y, Xu X, Liu L, Mao S, Feng T, Lu Y, Cheng Y, Wang H, Zhao W, Tang W. Progranulin deficiency leads to severe inflammation, lung injury and cell death in a mouse model of endotoxic shock. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 20:506-17. [PMID: 26757107 PMCID: PMC4759474 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Progranulin (PGRN) is a crucial secreted growth factor involved in various kinds of physiologic and disease processes and often has a protective role in inflammatory diseases. This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of PGRN on endotoxic shock in a mouse model of PGRN deficiency. After lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection to induce endotoxic shock in mice, PGRN levels were induced in wild‐type (WT) mice at 6 and 24 hrs. Survival rate analysis, haematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemical staining, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated uridine triphosphate nick‐end labelling assay were used to reveal the susceptibility, lung injury, inflammatory cell infiltration, production of inflammatory mediators and lung cell death in mice after LPS injection. PGRN‐deficient (Grn−/−) mice were highly susceptible to LPS‐induced endotoxic shock, with decreased survival, severe lung injury, increased production of pro‐inflammatory mediators, and inflammatory cell infiltration and apoptotic death in the lung. Additionally, recombinant PGRN (rPGRN) administration before LPS stimulation ameliorated the survival of and abnormalities in both WT and Grn−/− mice. Altogether, these findings indicate that PGRN may be a novel biologic agent with therapeutic potential for endotoxic shock probably by inhibiting LPS‐induced systemic and local inflammation in mice for treating endotoxic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoying Xu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Pathology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sheng Mao
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Tingting Feng
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yizhe Cheng
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Weiming Zhao
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Zhou B, Li H, Liu J, Xu L, Guo Q, Sun H, Wu S. Progranulin induces adipose insulin resistance and autophagic imbalance via TNFR1 in mice. J Mol Endocrinol 2015; 55:231-43. [PMID: 26373796 DOI: 10.1530/jme-15-0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Progranulin (PGRN) has recently emerged as an important regulator for insulin resistance. However, the direct effect of PGRN in vivo and the underlying role of progranulin in adipose insulin resistance involving the autophagy mechanism is not fully understood. In this study, mice treated with PGRN for 21 days exhibited the impaired glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, remarkable adipose autophagy as well as attenuated insulin signaling via inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. Furthermore, blockade of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) by TNFR1BP-Fc injection resulted in the restoration of impaired insulin sensitivity and insulin signaling induced by PGRN. Consistent with these findings in vivo, PGRN treatment induced defective insulin signaling, abnormal autophagic and mitochondrial activity in cultured adipocytes, while such effects were nullified by the blockade of TNFR1. In addition, PGRN-deficient adipocytes were more refractory to tunicamycin- or dexamethasone-induced insulin resistance, indicating the causative role of the TNFR1 pathway in the action of PGRN. Collectively, our findings support the notion that PGRN is a key regulator of insulin resistance and that PGRN may mediate its effects, at least in part, by inducing autophagy via the TNFR1-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 710061
| | - Huixia Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 710061
| | - Jiali Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 710061
| | - Lin Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 710061
| | - Qinyue Guo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 710061
| | - Hongzhi Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 710061
| | - Shufang Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 710061
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New discovery rarely runs smooth: an update on progranulin/TNFR interactions. Protein Cell 2015; 6:792-803. [PMID: 26408020 PMCID: PMC4624682 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-015-0213-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Progranulin (PGRN) is a growth factor implicated in various pathophysiological processes, including wound healing, inflammation, tumorigenesis, and neurodegeneration. It was previously reported that PGRN binds to tumor necrosis factor receptors (TNFR) and has therapeutic effects in inflammatory arthritis (Tang et. al, in Science 332:478-484, 2011); however, Chen et al. reported their inability to demonstrate the PGRN-TNFR interactions under their own conditions (Chen et. al, in J Neurosci 33:9202-9213, 2013). A letter-to-editor was then published by the original group in response to the Chen et al. paper that discussed the reasons for the latter's inability to recapitulate the interactions. In addition, the group published follow-up studies that further reinforced and dissected the interactions of PGRN-TNFR. Recently, the dispute about the legitimacy of PGRN-TNFR interactions appears to be finally settled with independent confirmations of these interactions in various conditions by numerous laboratories. This review presents a chronological update on the story of PGRN-TNFR interactions, highlighting the independent confirmations of these interactions in various diseases and conditions.
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Thurner L, Fadle N, Regitz E, Kemele M, Klemm P, Zaks M, Stöger E, Bette B, Carbon G, Zimmer V, Assmann G, Murawski N, Kubuschok B, Held G, Preuss KD, Pfreundschuh M. The molecular basis for development of proinflammatory autoantibodies to progranulin. J Autoimmun 2015; 61:17-28. [PMID: 26005049 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Recently we identified in a wide spectrum of autoimmune diseases frequently occurring proinflammatory autoantibodies directed against progranulin, a direct inhibitor of TNFR1 & 2 and of DR3. In the present study we investigated the mechanisms for the breakdown of self-tolerance against progranulin. Isoelectric focusing identified a second, differentially electrically charged progranulin isoform exclusively present in progranulin-antibody-positive patients. Alkaline phosphatase treatment revealed this additional progranulin isoform to be hyperphosphorylated. Subsequently Ser81, which is located within the epitope region of progranulin-antibodies, was identified as hyperphosphorylated serine residue by site directed mutagenesis of candidate phosphorylation sites. Hyperphosphorylated progranulin was detected exclusively in progranulin-antibody-positive patients during the courses of their diseases. The occurrence of hyperphosphorylated progranulin preceded seroconversions of progranulin-antibodies, indicating adaptive immune response. Utilizing panels of kinase and phosphatase inhibitors, PKCβ1 was identified as the relevant kinase and PP1 as the relevant phosphatase for phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of Ser81. In contrast to normal progranulin, hyperphosphorylated progranulin interacted exclusively with inactivated (pThr320) PP1, suggesting inactivated PP1 to cause the detectable occurrence of phosphorylated Ser81 PGRN. Investigation of possible functional alterations of PGRN due to Ser81 phosphorylation revealed, that hyperphosphorylation prevents the interaction and thus direct inhibition of TNFR1, TNFR2 and DR3, representing an additional direct proinflammatory effect. Finally phosphorylation of Ser81 PGRN alters the conversion pattern of PGRN. In conclusion, inactivated PP1 induces hyperphosphorylation of progranulin in a wide spectrum of autoimmune diseases. This hyperphosphorylation prevents direct inhibition of TNFR1, TNFR2 and DR3 by PGRN, alters the conversion of PGRN, and is strongly associated with the occurrence of neutralizing, proinflammatory PGRN-antibodies, indicating immunogenicity of this alternative secondary modification.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Autoantibodies/genetics
- Autoantibodies/immunology
- Autoantibodies/metabolism
- Binding Sites/genetics
- Blotting, Western
- Cell Line
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Flow Cytometry
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics
- Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/immunology
- Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism
- Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
- Phosphorylation
- Progranulins
- Protein Isoforms/genetics
- Protein Isoforms/immunology
- Protein Isoforms/metabolism
- Protein Kinase C beta/genetics
- Protein Kinase C beta/immunology
- Protein Kinase C beta/metabolism
- Protein Precursors/genetics
- Protein Precursors/immunology
- Protein Precursors/metabolism
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 25/immunology
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 25/metabolism
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I/immunology
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I/metabolism
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II/immunology
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II/metabolism
- Serine/genetics
- Serine/immunology
- Serine/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenz Thurner
- Saarland University Medical School, José Carreras Center for Immuno- and Gene Therapy, Internal Medicine I, Homburg, Saar, Germany.
| | - Natalie Fadle
- Saarland University Medical School, José Carreras Center for Immuno- and Gene Therapy, Internal Medicine I, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Evi Regitz
- Saarland University Medical School, José Carreras Center for Immuno- and Gene Therapy, Internal Medicine I, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Maria Kemele
- Saarland University Medical School, José Carreras Center for Immuno- and Gene Therapy, Internal Medicine I, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Philipp Klemm
- Saarland University Medical School, José Carreras Center for Immuno- and Gene Therapy, Internal Medicine I, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Marina Zaks
- Saarland University Medical School, José Carreras Center for Immuno- and Gene Therapy, Internal Medicine I, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Stöger
- Saarland University Medical School, José Carreras Center for Immuno- and Gene Therapy, Internal Medicine I, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Birgit Bette
- Saarland University Medical School, José Carreras Center for Immuno- and Gene Therapy, Internal Medicine I, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Gabi Carbon
- Saarland University Medical School, José Carreras Center for Immuno- and Gene Therapy, Internal Medicine I, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Vincent Zimmer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Gunter Assmann
- Saarland University Medical School, José Carreras Center for Immuno- and Gene Therapy, Internal Medicine I, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Niels Murawski
- Saarland University Medical School, José Carreras Center for Immuno- and Gene Therapy, Internal Medicine I, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Boris Kubuschok
- Saarland University Medical School, José Carreras Center for Immuno- and Gene Therapy, Internal Medicine I, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Gerhard Held
- Saarland University Medical School, José Carreras Center for Immuno- and Gene Therapy, Internal Medicine I, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Klaus-Dieter Preuss
- Saarland University Medical School, José Carreras Center for Immuno- and Gene Therapy, Internal Medicine I, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Michael Pfreundschuh
- Saarland University Medical School, José Carreras Center for Immuno- and Gene Therapy, Internal Medicine I, Homburg, Saar, Germany.
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Xia Q, Zhu S, Wu Y, Wang J, Cai Y, Chen P, Li J, Heng BC, Ouyang HW, Lu P. Intra-articular transplantation of atsttrin-transduced mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate osteoarthritis development. Stem Cells Transl Med 2015; 4:523-31. [PMID: 25824140 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2014-0200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) remains an intractable clinical challenge. Few drugs are available for reversing this degenerative disease, although some promising candidates have performed well in preclinical studies. Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) has been identified as a crucial effector modulating OA pathogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of Atsttrin, a novel TNFα blocker, on OA treatment. We developed genetically modified mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that expressed recombinant Atsttrin (named as MSC-Atsttrin). Expression levels of ADAMTS-5, MMP13, and iNOS of human chondrocytes were analyzed when cocultured with MSC-GFP/Atsttrin. OA animal models were induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection, and MSC-GFP/Atsttrin were injected into the articular cavity 1 week postsurgery. The results showed that MSC-Atsttrin significantly suppressed TNFα-driven up-regulation of matrix proteases and inflammatory factors. Intra-articular injection of MSC-Atsttrin prevented the progression of degenerative changes in the surgically induced OA mouse model. Additionally, levels of detrimental matrix hydrolases were significantly diminished. Compared with nontreated OA samples at 8 weeks postsurgery, the percentages of MMP13- and ADAMTS-5-positive cells were significantly reduced from 91.33% ± 9.87% to 24.33% ± 5.7% (p < .001) and from 91.33% ± 7.1% to 16.67% ± 3.1% (p < .001), respectively. Our results thus indicated that suppression of TNFα activity is an effective strategy for OA treatment and that intra-articular injection of MSCs-Atsttrin could be a promising therapeutic modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Xia
- Center for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Department of Biosystems Science & Engineering, ETH-Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Shouan Zhu
- Center for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Department of Biosystems Science & Engineering, ETH-Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Yan Wu
- Center for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Department of Biosystems Science & Engineering, ETH-Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jiaqiu Wang
- Center for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Department of Biosystems Science & Engineering, ETH-Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Youzhi Cai
- Center for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Department of Biosystems Science & Engineering, ETH-Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pengfei Chen
- Center for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Department of Biosystems Science & Engineering, ETH-Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jie Li
- Center for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Department of Biosystems Science & Engineering, ETH-Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Boon Chin Heng
- Center for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Department of Biosystems Science & Engineering, ETH-Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hong Wei Ouyang
- Center for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Department of Biosystems Science & Engineering, ETH-Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ping Lu
- Center for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Department of Biosystems Science & Engineering, ETH-Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
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Siakavellas SI, Sfikakis PP, Bamias G. The TL1A/DR3/DcR3 pathway in autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2015; 45:1-8. [PMID: 25887448 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2015.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2014] [Revised: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE TNF-like cytokine 1A (TL1A) and its receptors, death receptor 3 (DR3) and decoy receptor 3 (DcR3) are members of the TNF and TNF receptor superfamilies of proteins, respectively. They constitute a cytokine system that actively interferes with the regulation of immune responses and may participate in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. OBJECTIVES This review aims to present the current knowledge on the role of the TL1A/DR3/DcR3 system in the pathophysiology of autoimmune rheumatic diseases, with a focus on rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS An extensive literature search was performed in the PubMed database using the following keywords: TL1A, death receptor 3, DR3, decoy receptor 3, DcR3, TNFSF15, TNFRSF25, and TNFSF6B. Studies were assessed and selected in view of their relevance to autoimmune rheumatic diseases. CONCLUSION The TL1A/DR3/DcR3 axis is a novel immune pathway that participates in the pathogenesis of a variety of autoimmune rheumatic diseases. These molecules may be promising therapeutic targets for inflammatory arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyros I Siakavellas
- Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Laikon Hospital, Kapodistrian University of Athens, 17 Agiou Thoma St, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Petros P Sfikakis
- First Department of Propaedeutic and Internal Medicine, Laikon Hospital, Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Giorgos Bamias
- Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Laikon Hospital, Kapodistrian University of Athens, 17 Agiou Thoma St, Athens 11527, Greece.
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Liu J, Li H, Zhou B, Xu L, Kang X, Yang W, Wu S, Sun H. PGRN induces impaired insulin sensitivity and defective autophagy in hepatic insulin resistance. Mol Endocrinol 2015; 29:528-41. [PMID: 25664864 DOI: 10.1210/me.2014-1266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Progranulin (PGRN) has recently emerged as an important regulator for glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. However, the underlying mechanisms of PGRN in the regulation of insulin sensitivity and autophagy remain elusive. In this study, we aimed to address the direct effects of PGRN in vivo and to evaluate the potential interaction of impaired insulin sensitivity and autophagic disorders in hepatic insulin resistance. We found that mice treated with PGRN for 21 days exhibited the impaired glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance and hepatic autophagy imbalance as well as defective insulin signaling. Furthermore, treatment of mice with TNF receptor (TNFR)-1 blocking peptide-Fc, a TNFR1 blocking peptide-Fc fusion protein to competitively block the interaction of PGRN and TNFR1, resulted in the restoration of systemic insulin sensitivity and the recovery of autophagy and insulin signaling in liver. Consistent with these findings in vivo, we also observed that PGRN treatment induced defective autophagy and impaired insulin signaling in hepatocytes, with such effects being drastically nullified by the addition of TNFR1 blocking peptide -Fc or TNFR1-small interference RNA via the TNFR1-nuclear factor-κB-dependent manner, indicating the causative role of PGRN in hepatic insulin resistance. In conclusion, our findings supported the notion that PGRN is a key regulator of hepatic insulin resistance and that PGRN may mediate its effects, at least in part, by inducing defective autophagy via TNFR1/nuclear factor-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Liu
- First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, and Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
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49
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Stamatelopoulos K, Georgiou S, Kanakakis I, Papamichael C, Oikonomidis N, Mantzou A, Samouilidou E, Loizos S, Zakopoulos N, Sfikakis PP. Circulating levels of TNF-like cytokine 1A correlate with reflected waves and atherosclerosis extent and may predict cardiac death in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Cytokine 2015; 72:102-4. [PMID: 25563533 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2014.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND TNF-like cytokine 1A (TL1A)-mediated interactions are involved in atheromatic plaque formation. In stable coronary artery disease (CAD) we examined whether circulating TL1A levels correlate with coronary and/or peripheral atherosclerosis extent and predict future cardiovascular events. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, peripheral vascular studies and TL1A serum measurements were performed in 122 consecutive patients with angiographically confirmed CAD who were followed for a median of 41.9 months. TL1A levels were compared against controls (n = 63) and 20 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). RESULTS TL1A was higher in ACS than the 2 other groups (p < 0.001). In stable CAD, after adjustment for traditional risk factors independent positive correlations between TL1A serum levels and reflected waves (p = 0.049), and carotid atheromatic plaque score (p = 0.049) were evident. In stable patients with a history of ACS, TL1A levels correlated with worse endothelial function (p = 0.006), extent of CAD assessed by Gensini score (p = 0.042), and cardiac mortality (p = 0.051). CONCLUSIONS This pilot study suggests that serum TL1A measurements are of clinical value in CAD. Studies on the pathogenetic role of TL1A in atherosclerosis and its sequelae are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimon Stamatelopoulos
- Vascular Laboratory, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, Greece.
| | - Stylianos Georgiou
- Vascular Laboratory, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, Greece
| | - Ioannis Kanakakis
- Vascular Laboratory, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, Greece
| | - Christos Papamichael
- Vascular Laboratory, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Oikonomidis
- Vascular Laboratory, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, Greece
| | - Aimilia Mantzou
- Vascular Laboratory, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, Greece
| | - Elizabeth Samouilidou
- Vascular Laboratory, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, Greece
| | - Savvas Loizos
- Vascular Laboratory, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Zakopoulos
- Vascular Laboratory, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, Greece
| | - Petros P Sfikakis
- First Department of Propaedeutic and Internal Medicine, Laikon Hospital, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece
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50
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Wei F, Zhang Y, Jian J, Mundra JJ, Tian Q, Lin J, Lafaille JJ, Tang W, Zhao W, Yu X, Liu CJ. PGRN protects against colitis progression in mice in an IL-10 and TNFR2 dependent manner. Sci Rep 2014; 4:7023. [PMID: 25387791 PMCID: PMC4228332 DOI: 10.1038/srep07023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed to determine the role and regulation of progranulin (PGRN) in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)−, picrylsulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced, bone marrow chimera and CD4+CD45Rbhi T cell transfer colitis model were established and analyzed in wild-type and several genetically-modified mice, including PGRN, IL-10 and TNFR2 deficient mice. Elevated levels of PGRN were found in colitis samples from human IBD patients and mouse colitis models in comparison to the corresponding controls. PGRN-deficient mice became highly susceptible to DSS- and TNBS-induced colitis, whereas recombinant PGRN ameliorated the pathology and reduced the histological score in both DSS and TNBS colitis models. In addition, hematopoietic-derived PGRN was critical for protection against DSS-induced colitis, and lack of PGRN signaling in CD4+ T cells also exacerbated experimental colitis. PGRN-mediated protective effect in colitis was compromised in the absence of IL-10 signaling. In addition, PGRN's effect was also largely lost in the TNFR2-deficient colitis model. Collectively, these findings not only provide the new insight into PGRN's anti-inflammatory action in vivo, but may also present PGRN and its derivatives as novel biological agent for treating IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanhua Wei
- 1] Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10003 [2] Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, 250012
| | - Yuying Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10003
| | - Jinlong Jian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10003
| | - Jyoti Joshi Mundra
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10003
| | - Qingyun Tian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10003
| | - Jiqiang Lin
- Department of Pathology, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10016
| | - Juan Jose Lafaille
- Department of Pathology, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10016
| | - Wei Tang
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, 250012
| | - Weiming Zhao
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, 250012
| | - Xiuping Yu
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, 250012
| | - Chuan-Ju Liu
- 1] Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10003 [2] Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
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