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Chen J, Lu S. Bioinformatics analysis of key genes, immune infiltration, and risk assessment in low bone mineral density among perimenopausal women: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38695. [PMID: 38968517 PMCID: PMC11224806 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify hub genes and elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying low bone mineral density (BMD) in perimenopausal women. R software was used to normalize the dataset and screen the gene set associated with BMD in perimenopausal women from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Cytoscape software was used to identify 7 critical genes. Gene enrichment analysis and protein interaction was employed to further analyze the core genes, and the CIBERSORT deconvolution algorithm was used to perform immune infiltration analysis of 22 immune genes in the samples. Furthermore, an analysis of the immune correlations of 7 crucial genes was conducted. Subsequently, a receiver operating characteristic curve was constructed to assess the diagnostic efficacy of these essential genes. A total of 171 differentially expressed genes were identified that were primarily implicated in the signaling pathways associated with apoptosis. Seven crucial genes (CAMP, MMP8, HMOX1, CTNNB1, ELANE, AKT1, and CEACAM8) were effectively filtered. The predominant functions of these genes were enriched in specific granules. The pivotal genes displayed robust associations with activated dendritic cells. The developed risk model showed a remarkable level of precision, as evidenced by an area under the curve of 0.8407 and C-index of 0.854. The present study successfully identified 7 crucial genes that are significantly associated with low BMD in perimenopausal women. Consequently, this research offers a solid theoretical foundation for clinical risk prediction, drug sensitivity analysis, and the development of targeted drugs specifically tailored for addressing low BMD in perimenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Shiyou Lu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine External Treatment Center, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Ma RX, Wei JR, Hu YW. Characteristics of Carcinoembryonic Antigen-Related Cell Adhesion Molecules and Their Relationship to Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2024; 23:939-948. [PMID: 38490257 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecules (CEACAM), such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and the oncofetal glycoprotein family, are tumor markers. The CEACAMs consist of 12 different human CEACAMs and 5 different murine CEACAMs. The CEACAM family of proteins participates in multiple biological processes that include the immune response, angiogenesis, and cancer. CEACAMs play a significant role in cancer initiation and development. Increasing evidence suggests that family members may be new cancer biomarkers and targets in that CEACEAMs tend to be aberrantly expressed and therefore may have potential diagnostic and therapeutic importance. This review systematically summarizes the biogenesis, biological properties, and functions of CEACAMs, with a focus on their relationship with cancer and potential clinical application. As our knowledge of the relationships among CEACAMs and cancer increases, and as our understanding of the involved molecular mechanisms improves, new therapeutic strategies will evolve for cancer prevention and treatment of patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Xue Ma
- Department of Cardiac Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Rui Wei
- Department of Cardiac Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Wei Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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3
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Kube-Golovin I, Lyndin M, Wiesehöfer M, Wennemuth G. CEACAM expression in an in-vitro prostatitis model. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1236343. [PMID: 37691945 PMCID: PMC10485834 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1236343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Prostatitis is an inflammatory disease of the prostate gland, which affects 2-16% of men worldwide and thought to be a cause for prostate cancer (PCa) development. Carcinoembryogenic antigen-related cell adhesion molecules (CEACAMs) are deregulated in inflammation and in PCa. The role of CEACAMs in prostate inflammation and their possible contribution to the malignant transformation of prostate epithelial cells is still elusive. In this study, we investigated the expression of CEACAMs in an in-vitro prostatitis model and their potential role in malignant transformation of prostate epithelial cells. Methods Normal prostate epithelial RWPE-1 cells were treated with pro-inflammatory cytokines to achieve an inflammatory state of the cells. The expression of CEACAMs and their related isoforms were analyzed. Additionally, the expression levels of selected CEACAMs were correlated with the expression of malignancy markers and the migratory properties of the cells. Results This study demonstrates that the pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interferon-gamma (IFNγ), induce synergistically an up-regulation of CEACAM1 expression in RWPE-1 cells, specifically favoring the CEACAM1-L isoform. Furthermore, overexpressed CEACAM1-L is associated with the deregulated expression of JAK/STAT, NFκB, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) genes, as well as an increased cell migration. Conclusion We postulate that CEACAM1 isoform CEACAM1-4L may synergistically contribute to inflammation-induced oncogenesis in the prostate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mykola Lyndin
- University Hospital Essen, Department of Anatomy, Essen, Germany
- Academic and Research Medical Institute, Department of Pathology, Sumy State University, Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Marc Wiesehöfer
- University Hospital Essen, Department of Anatomy, Essen, Germany
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Gliga AR, Grahn K, Gustavsson P, Ljungman P P, Albin M, Selander J, Broberg K. Short and long-term associations between serum proteins linked to cardiovascular disease and particle exposure among constructions workers. Scand J Work Environ Health 2023; 49:145-154. [PMID: 36409488 PMCID: PMC10577013 DOI: 10.5271/sjweh.4071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Construction workers are exposed to respirable dust, including respirable crystalline silica (RCS), which is a potential risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of this study was to evaluate whether exposure to particles among construction workers is associated with short- and long-term alterations in CVD-related serum proteins. METHODS Using proximity extension assay, we measured 92 serum proteins linked to CVD among active male construction workers (N=65, non-smokers) sampled on two occasions: during work and after vacation. First, we used linear models to identify short-term changes in proteins associated with particle exposure (assessed as respirable dust and RCS) during work. Secondly, we used linear mixed models to evaluate whether these associations were long-term, ie, persistent after vacation. RESULTS The median exposure to respirable dust and RCS during work were 0.25 mg/m3 and 0.01 mg/m3, respectively. Respirable dust was associated with short-term changes in six proteins (tissue factor, growth hormone, heme oxygenase-1, dickkopf-related protein-1, platelet-derived growth factor-B, stem cell factor); long-term associations were observed for the former three proteins. RCS was associated with short-term changes in five proteins (carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule-8, hydroxyacid oxidase-1, tissue factor, carbonic anhydrase-5A, lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1); long-term associations were observed for the former four proteins. CONCLUSIONS Moderate exposure to particles in the construction industry is associated with both short- and long-term changes in circulating CVD-related proteins. Further studies are needed to evaluate if these changes are predictors of occupationally induced clinical CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anda R Gliga
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Natarajan S, Ranganathan M, Hanna LE, Tripathy S. Transcriptional Profiling and Deriving a Seven-Gene Signature That Discriminates Active and Latent Tuberculosis: An Integrative Bioinformatics Approach. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13040616. [PMID: 35456421 PMCID: PMC9032611 DOI: 10.3390/genes13040616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb.). Our integrative analysis aims to identify the transcriptional profiling and gene expression signature that distinguish individuals with active TB (ATB) disease, and those with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). In the present study, we reanalyzed a microarray dataset (GSE37250) from GEO database and explored the data for differential gene expression analysis between those with ATB and LTBI derived from Malawi and South African cohorts. We used BRB array tool to distinguish DEGs (differentially expressed genes) between ATB and LTBI. Pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs was performed using DAVID bioinformatics tool. The protein–protein interaction (PPI) network of most upregulated genes was constructed using STRING analysis. We have identified 375 upregulated genes and 152 downregulated genes differentially expressed between ATB and LTBI samples commonly shared among Malawi and South African cohorts. The constructed PPI network was significantly enriched with 76 nodes connected to 151 edges. The enriched GO term/pathways were mainly related to expression of IFN stimulated genes, interleukin-1 production, and NOD-like receptor signaling pathway. Downregulated genes were significantly enriched in the Wnt signaling, B cell development, and B cell receptor signaling pathways. The short-listed DEGs were validated in a microarray data from an independent cohort (GSE19491). ROC curve analysis was done to assess the diagnostic accuracy of the gene signature in discrimination of active and latent tuberculosis. Thus, we have derived a seven-gene signature, which included five upregulated genes FCGR1B, ANKRD22, CARD17, IFITM3, TNFAIP6 and two downregulated genes FCGBP and KLF12, as a biomarker for discrimination of active and latent tuberculosis. The identified genes have a sensitivity of 80–100% and specificity of 80–95%. Area under the curve (AUC) value of the genes ranged from 0.84 to 1. This seven-gene signature has a high diagnostic accuracy in discrimination of active and latent tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhakar Natarajan
- Department of Virology and Biotechnology, ICMR–National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis (NIRT), Chetpet, Chennai 600031, India; (M.R.); (L.E.H.); (S.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-44-2836-9586
| | - Mohan Ranganathan
- Department of Virology and Biotechnology, ICMR–National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis (NIRT), Chetpet, Chennai 600031, India; (M.R.); (L.E.H.); (S.T.)
| | - Luke Elizabeth Hanna
- Department of Virology and Biotechnology, ICMR–National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis (NIRT), Chetpet, Chennai 600031, India; (M.R.); (L.E.H.); (S.T.)
| | - Srikanth Tripathy
- Department of Virology and Biotechnology, ICMR–National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis (NIRT), Chetpet, Chennai 600031, India; (M.R.); (L.E.H.); (S.T.)
- Dr. DY Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Pimpri, Pune 411018, India
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Klaile E, Prada Salcedo JP, Klassert TE, Besemer M, Bothe AK, Durotin A, Müller MM, Schmitt V, Luther CH, Dittrich M, Singer BB, Dandekar T, Slevogt H. Antibody ligation of CEACAM1, CEACAM3, and CEACAM6, differentially enhance the cytokine release of human neutrophils in responses to Candida albicans. Cell Immunol 2021; 371:104459. [PMID: 34847408 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2021.104459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Invasive candidiasis is a healthcare-associated fungal infection with a high mortality rate. Neutrophils, the first line of defense during fungal infections, express the immunoregulatory Candida albicans receptors CEACAM1, CEACAM3, and CEACAM6. We analyzed the effects of specific antibodies on C. albicans-induced neutrophil responses. CEACAM6 ligation by 1H7-4B and to some extent CEACAM1 ligation by B3-17, but not CEACAM3 ligation by 308/3-3, resulted in the immediate release of stored CXCL8 and altered transcriptional responses of the C. albicans-stimulated neutrophils. Integrated network analyses and dynamic simulations of signaling cascades predicted alterations in apoptosis and cytokine secretion. We verified that CEACAM6 ligation enhanced Candida-induced neutrophil apoptosis and increased long-term IL-1β/IL-6 release in responses to C. albicans. CEACAM3 ligation, but not CEACAM1 ligation, increased the long-term release of pro-inflammatory IL-1β/IL-6. Taken together, we demonstrated for the first time that ligation of CEACAM receptors differentially affects the regulation of C. albicans-induced immune functions in human neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Klaile
- ZIK Septomics, University Hospital Jena, Albert-Einstein-Straße 10, 07749 Jena, Germany.
| | - Juan P Prada Salcedo
- Dept. of Bioinformatics, University of Würzburg, Biocenter/Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Tilman E Klassert
- ZIK Septomics, University Hospital Jena, Albert-Einstein-Straße 10, 07749 Jena, Germany.
| | - Matthias Besemer
- ZIK Septomics, University Hospital Jena, Albert-Einstein-Straße 10, 07749 Jena, Germany.
| | - Anne-Katrin Bothe
- ZIK Septomics, University Hospital Jena, Albert-Einstein-Straße 10, 07749 Jena, Germany.
| | - Adrian Durotin
- ZIK Septomics, University Hospital Jena, Albert-Einstein-Straße 10, 07749 Jena, Germany.
| | - Mario M Müller
- ZIK Septomics, University Hospital Jena, Albert-Einstein-Straße 10, 07749 Jena, Germany.
| | - Verena Schmitt
- Institute of Anatomy, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45122 Essen, Germany.
| | - Christian H Luther
- Dept. of Bioinformatics, University of Würzburg, Biocenter/Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Marcus Dittrich
- Dept. of Bioinformatics, University of Würzburg, Biocenter/Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany; Dept. of Human Genetics, University of Würzburg, Biocenter/Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Bernhard B Singer
- Institute of Anatomy, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45122 Essen, Germany.
| | - Thomas Dandekar
- Dept. of Bioinformatics, University of Würzburg, Biocenter/Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Hortense Slevogt
- ZIK Septomics, University Hospital Jena, Albert-Einstein-Straße 10, 07749 Jena, Germany.
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Bioinformatics Analysis for Identifying Pertinent Pathways and Genes in Sepsis. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2021; 2021:2085173. [PMID: 34760021 PMCID: PMC8575597 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2085173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Sepsis becomes the main death reason in hospitals with rising incidence, causing a growing economic and medical burden. However, the genes related to the pathogenesis and prognosis of sepsis are still unclear, which is a problem that needs to be solved urgently. Materials and Methods Gene expression profiles of GSE69528 were obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information. Limma software package got employed to search for differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) were used for enrichment analysis. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was built by the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) database. Results We screened 101 DEGs, containing 81 upregulated DEGs and 20 downregulated DEGs. GO analysis demonstrated that the upregulated DEGs were chiefly concentrated in negative regulation of response to interferon-gamma and regulation of granulocyte differentiation. KEGG analysis revealed that the pathways of upregulated DEGs were concentrated in prion diseases, complement and coagulation cascades, and Staphylococcus aureus infection. The PPI network constructed by upregulated DEGs contained 67 nodes (proteins) and 110 edges (interactions). Analysis of bioinformatics results showed that CEACAM8, MPO, and RETN were hub genes of sepsis. Conclusion Our analysis reveals a series of signal pathways and key genes related to the mechanism of sepsis, which are promising biotargets and biomarkers of sepsis.
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Galaski J, Shhadeh A, Umaña A, Yoo CC, Arpinati L, Isaacson B, Berhani O, Singer BB, Slade DJ, Bachrach G, Mandelboim O. Fusobacterium nucleatum CbpF Mediates Inhibition of T Cell Function Through CEACAM1 Activation. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:692544. [PMID: 34336716 PMCID: PMC8319768 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.692544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
F. nucleatum is an anaerobic bacterium that is associated with several tumor entities and promotes tumorigenesis. Recent evidence suggests that F. nucleatum binds the inhibitory receptor carcinoembryonic antigen cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) via the trimeric autotransporter adhesin CbpF. However, whether this binding is functional or whether other fusobacterial trimeric autotransporter adhesins are involved in CEACAM1 activation is unknown. In this study, using F. nucleatum mutants lacking the type 5c trimeric autotransporter adhesins fvcA (CbpF), fvcB, fvcC, and fvcD, we show that F. nucleatum CbpF binds and activates CEACAM1 and also binds carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a tumor-associated protein. We further find that CEACAM antibodies directed against the CEACAM N-terminal domain block the CbpF-CEACAM1 interaction. In functional assays, we demonstrate CbpF-dependent inhibition of CD4+ T cell response. Thus, we characterize an immune evasion mechanism in which F. nucleatum uses its surface protein CbpF to inhibit T cell function by activating CEACAM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Galaski
- The Concern Foundation Laboratories at the Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada (IMRIC), Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.,I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Amjad Shhadeh
- The Institute of Dental Sciences, The Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ariana Umaña
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Christopher C Yoo
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Ludovica Arpinati
- Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Hebrew University Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Batya Isaacson
- The Concern Foundation Laboratories at the Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada (IMRIC), Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Orit Berhani
- The Concern Foundation Laboratories at the Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada (IMRIC), Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Bernhard B Singer
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Daniel J Slade
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Gilad Bachrach
- The Institute of Dental Sciences, The Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ofer Mandelboim
- The Concern Foundation Laboratories at the Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada (IMRIC), Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
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Shao M, Wu F, Zhang J, Dong J, Zhang H, Liu X, Liang S, Wu J, Zhang L, Zhang C, Zhang W. Screening of potential biomarkers for distinguishing between latent and active tuberculosis in children using bioinformatics analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e23207. [PMID: 33592820 PMCID: PMC7870233 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of childhood morbidity and death globally. Lack of rapid, effective non-sputum diagnosis and prediction methods for TB in children are some of the challenges currently faced. In recent years, blood transcriptional profiling has provided a fresh perspective on the diagnosis and predicting the progression of tuberculosis. Meanwhile, combined with bioinformatics analysis can help to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and functional pathways involved in the different clinical stages of TB. Therefore, this study investigated potential diagnostic markers for use in distinguishing between latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and active TB using children's blood transcriptome data.From the Gene Expression Omnibus database, we downloaded two gene expression profile datasets (GSE39939 and GSE39940) of whole blood-derived RNA sequencing samples, reflecting transcriptional signatures between latent and active tuberculosis in children. GEO2R tool was used to screen for DEGs in LTBI and active TB in children. Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery tools were used to perform Gene Ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis. STRING and Cytoscape analyzed the protein-protein interaction network and the top 15 hub genes respectively. Receiver operating characteristics curve was used to estimate the diagnostic value of the hub genes.A total of 265 DEGs were identified, including 79 upregulated and 186 downregulated DEGs. Further, 15 core genes were picked and enrichment analysis revealed that they were highly correlated with neutrophil activation and degranulation, neutrophil-mediated immunity and in defense response. Among them TLR2, FPR2, MMP9, MPO, CEACAM8, ELANE, FCGR1A, SELP, ARG1, GNG10, HP, LCN2, LTF, ADCY3 had significant discriminatory power between LTBI and active TB, with area under the curves of 0.84, 0.84, 0.84, 0.80, 0.87, 0.78, 0.88, 0.84, 0.86, 0.82, 0.85, 0.85, 0.79, and 0.88 respectively.Our research provided several genes with high potential to be candidate gene markers for developing non-sputum diagnostic tools for childhood Tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Shao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine/The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases
| | - Fang Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine/The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases
| | - Jie Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, XinJiang, PR China
| | - Jiangtao Dong
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, XinJiang, PR China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine/The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine/The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases
| | - Su Liang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, XinJiang, PR China
| | - Jiangdong Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine/The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases
| | - Le Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine/The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases
| | - Chunjun Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine/The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases
| | - Wanjiang Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine/The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases
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Luebke AM, Ricken W, Kluth M, Hube-Magg C, Schroeder C, Büscheck F, Möller K, Dum D, Höflmayer D, Weidemann S, Fraune C, Hinsch A, Wittmer C, Schlomm T, Huland H, Heinzer H, Graefen M, Haese A, Minner S, Simon R, Sauter G, Wilczak W, Meiners J. Loss of the adhesion molecule CEACAM1 is associated with early biochemical recurrence in TMPRSS2:ERG fusion-positive prostate cancers. Int J Cancer 2020; 147:575-583. [PMID: 32150281 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Altered expression of the carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) has been linked to adverse tumor features in various cancer types. To better understand the role of CEACAM1 in prostate cancer, we analyzed a tissue microarray containing tumor spots from 17,747 prostate cancer patients by means of immunohistochemistry. Normal prostate glands showed intense membranous CEACAM1 positivity. Immunostaining was interpretable in 13,625 cancers and was considered high in 28%, low in 43% and absent in 29% of tumors. Low and lost CEACAM1 expression was strongly linked to adverse tumor features including high classical and quantitative Gleason grade, lymph node metastasis, advanced tumor stage, positive surgical margin, a high number of genomic deletions and early biochemical recurrence (p < 0.0001 each). Subset analysis of molecularly defined cancer subsets revealed that these associations were strongest in V-ets avian erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog (ERG) fusion-positive cancers and that CEACAM1 loss was prognostic even in tumors harboring genomic deletions of the phosphatase and tensin homolog tumor suppressor (p < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis suggested that CEACAM1 analysis can provide independent prognostic information beyond established prognosis parameters at the stage of the initial biopsy when therapy decisions must be taken. In conclusion, loss of CEACAM1 expression predicts poor prognosis in prostate cancer and might provide clinically useful prognostic information particularly in cancers harboring the TMPRSS2:ERG fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas M Luebke
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wiebke Ricken
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martina Kluth
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cornelia Schroeder
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Büscheck
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Möller
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - David Dum
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Doris Höflmayer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sören Weidemann
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Fraune
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Hinsch
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Corinna Wittmer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schlomm
- Department of Urology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hartwig Huland
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans Heinzer
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Graefen
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Haese
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Minner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Waldemar Wilczak
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Meiners
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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11
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Klaile E, Müller MM, Zubiría-Barrera C, Brehme S, Klassert TE, Stock M, Durotin A, Nguyen TD, Feer S, Singer BB, Zipfel PF, Rudolphi S, Jacobsen ID, Slevogt H. Unaltered Fungal Burden and Lethality in Human CEACAM1-Transgenic Mice During Candida albicans Dissemination and Systemic Infection. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2703. [PMID: 31849868 PMCID: PMC6889641 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1, CD66a) is a receptor for Candida albicans. It is crucial for the immune response of intestinal epithelial cells to this opportunistic pathogen. Moreover, CEACAM1 is of importance for the mucosal colonization by different bacterial pathogens. We therefore studied the influence of the human CEACAM1 receptor in human CEACAM1-transgenic mice on the C. albicans colonization and infection utilizing a colonization/dissemination and a systemic infection mouse model. Our results showed no alterations in the host response between the transgenic mice and the wild-type littermates to the C. albicans infections. Both mouse strains showed comparable C. albicans colonization and mycobiota, similar fungal burdens in various organs, and a similar survival in the systemic infection model. Interestingly, some of the mice treated with anti-bacterial antibiotics (to prepare them for C. albicans colonization via oral infection) also showed a strong reduction in endogenous fungi instead of the normally observed increase in fungal numbers. This was independent of the expression of human CEACAM1. In the systemic infection model, the human CEACAM1 expression was differentially regulated in the kidneys and livers of Candida-infected transgenic mice. Notably, in the kidneys, a total loss of the largest human CEACAM1 isoform was observed. However, the overwhelming immune response induced in the systemic infection model likely covered any CEACAM1-specific effects in the transgenic animals. In vitro studies using bone marrow-derived neutrophils from both mouse strains also revealed no differences in their reaction to C. albicans. In conclusion, in contrast to bacterial pathogens interacting with CEACAM1 on different mucosal surfaces, the human CEACAM1-transgenic mice did not reveal a role of human CEACAM1 in the in vivo candidiasis models used here. Further studies and different approaches will be needed to reveal a putative role of CEACAM1 in the host response to C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Klaile
- Host Septomics Group, Centre for Innovation Competence (ZIK) Septomics, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Mario M Müller
- Host Septomics Group, Centre for Innovation Competence (ZIK) Septomics, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Cristina Zubiría-Barrera
- Host Septomics Group, Centre for Innovation Competence (ZIK) Septomics, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Saskia Brehme
- Host Septomics Group, Centre for Innovation Competence (ZIK) Septomics, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Tilman E Klassert
- Host Septomics Group, Centre for Innovation Competence (ZIK) Septomics, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Magdalena Stock
- Host Septomics Group, Centre for Innovation Competence (ZIK) Septomics, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Adrian Durotin
- Host Septomics Group, Centre for Innovation Competence (ZIK) Septomics, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Tien D Nguyen
- Host Septomics Group, Centre for Innovation Competence (ZIK) Septomics, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Sabina Feer
- Host Septomics Group, Centre for Innovation Competence (ZIK) Septomics, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Bernhard B Singer
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Anatomy, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Peter F Zipfel
- Infection Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany.,Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Sven Rudolphi
- Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.,Research Group Microbial Immunology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany.,Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Ilse D Jacobsen
- Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.,Research Group Microbial Immunology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany.,Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Hortense Slevogt
- Host Septomics Group, Centre for Innovation Competence (ZIK) Septomics, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
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12
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Ribon M, Mussard J, Semerano L, Singer BB, Decker P. Extracellular Chromatin Triggers Release of Soluble CEACAM8 Upon Activation of Neutrophils. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1346. [PMID: 31258530 PMCID: PMC6587075 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased concentrations of extracellular chromatin are observed in cancer, sepsis, and inflammatory autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In SLE and RA, extracellular chromatin may behave as a danger-associated molecular pattern (DAMP). Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) are described as typical pro-inflammatory cells but possess also immunoregulatory properties. They are activated in SLE and RA but surprisingly remain moderately studied in these diseases, and especially the disease-associated stimuli triggering PMN activation are still not completely characterized. PMN express plasma membrane carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule (CEACAM) 8 (CD66b) and secrete a soluble form of CEACAM8 after activation. Soluble CEACAM8 has in turn immunoregulatory functions. However, few natural stimuli inducing soluble CEACAM8 secretion by PMN have been identified. Here we demonstrate for the first time that extracellular chromatin triggers secretion of soluble CEACAM8 by primary human PMN. Priming of PMN was not required. Secretion was associated with activation of PMN. Similar induction of soluble CEACAM8 release was observed with purified mono-nucleosomes as well as long chromatin fragments and occurred in a time-dependent and concentration-dependent manner. Results indicate that chromatin induces both neo-synthesis of soluble CEACAM8 and release of soluble CEACAM8 through degranulation. In addition, we report the presence of soluble CEACAM8 at high concentration in the synovial fluid of RA patients. Thus, we describe here a novel mechanism by which a natural DAMP, with inflammatory properties in SLE and RA, induces soluble CEACAM8 secretion by activated PMN with potential immunoregulatory consequences on other immune cells, including PMN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Ribon
- Li2P, University of Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bobigny, France.,Inserm UMR 1125, Li2P, Bobigny, France
| | - Julie Mussard
- Li2P, University of Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bobigny, France.,Inserm UMR 1125, Li2P, Bobigny, France
| | - Luca Semerano
- Li2P, University of Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bobigny, France.,Inserm UMR 1125, Li2P, Bobigny, France.,Rheumatology Department, Avicenne Hospital, AP-HP, Bobigny, France
| | - Bernhard B Singer
- Institute of Anatomy, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Patrice Decker
- Li2P, University of Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bobigny, France.,Inserm UMR 1125, Li2P, Bobigny, France
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13
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Warensjö Lemming E, Byberg L, Stattin K, Ahmad S, Lind L, Elmståhl S, Larsson SC, Wolk A, Michaëlsson K. Dietary Pattern Specific Protein Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study in 2 Independent Cohorts. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 8:e011860. [PMID: 31433701 PMCID: PMC6585372 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.011860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Mechanisms related to the influence of diet on the development of cardiovascular disease are not entirely understood, and protein biomarkers may help to understand these pathways. Studies of biomarkers identified with multiplex proteomic methods and dietary patterns are largely lacking. Methods and Results Dietary patterns were generated through principal component analysis in 2 population-based Swedish cohorts, the EpiHealth (EpiHealth study; n=20 817 men and women) and the SMCC (Swedish Mammography Cohort Clinical [n=4650 women]). A set of 184 protein cardiovascular disease biomarkers were measured with 2 high-throughput, multiplex immunoassays. Discovery and replication multivariable linear regression analyses were used to investigate the associations between the principal component analysis-generated dietary patterns and the cardiovascular disease-associated protein biomarkers, first in the EpiHealth (n=2240) and then in the Swedish Mammography Cohort Clinical. Four main dietary patterns were identified in the EpiHealth, and 3 patterns were identified in the Swedish Mammography Cohort Clinical. The healthy and the Western/traditional patterns were found in both cohorts. In the EpiHealth, 57 protein biomarkers were associated with 3 of the dietary patterns, and 41 of these associations were replicated in the Swedish Mammography Cohort Clinical, with effect estimates ranging from 0.057 to 0.083 (P-value range, 5.0×10-2-1.4×10-9) for each SD increase in the relative protein concentration. Independent associations were established between dietary patterns and the 21 protein biomarkers. Two proteins, myeloperoxidase and resistin, were associated with both the healthy and the light meal pattern but in opposite directions. Conclusions We have discovered and replicated independent associations between dietary patterns and 21 biomarkers linked to cardiovascular disease, which have a role in the pathways related to inflammation, endothelial and immune function, cell adhesion, and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Warensjö Lemming
- Section of OrthopedicsDepartment of Surgical SciencesUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Liisa Byberg
- Section of OrthopedicsDepartment of Surgical SciencesUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Karl Stattin
- Section of OrthopedicsDepartment of Surgical SciencesUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Shafqat Ahmad
- Department of Medical SciencesUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
- Preventive Medicine DivisionBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA
- Department of NutritionHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMA
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical SciencesUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Sölve Elmståhl
- Division of Geriatric MedicineDepartment of Clinical SciencesLund UniversityLundSweden
| | - Susanna C. Larsson
- Section of OrthopedicsDepartment of Surgical SciencesUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
- Division of Nutritional EpidemiologyInstitute of Environmental MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Section of OrthopedicsDepartment of Surgical SciencesUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
- Division of Nutritional EpidemiologyInstitute of Environmental MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Karl Michaëlsson
- Section of OrthopedicsDepartment of Surgical SciencesUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
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14
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Pedro Ferreira J, Verdonschot J, Collier T, Wang P, Pizard A, Bär C, Björkman J, Boccanelli A, Butler J, Clark A, Cleland JG, Delles C, Diez J, Girerd N, González A, Hazebroek M, Huby AC, Jukema W, Latini R, Leenders J, Levy D, Mebazaa A, Mischak H, Pinet F, Rossignol P, Sattar N, Sever P, Staessen JA, Thum T, Vodovar N, Zhang ZY, Heymans S, Zannad F. Proteomic Bioprofiles and Mechanistic Pathways of Progression to Heart Failure. Circ Heart Fail 2019; 12:e005897. [PMID: 31104495 PMCID: PMC8361846 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.118.005897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Identifying the mechanistic pathways potentially associated with incident heart failure (HF) may provide a basis for novel preventive strategies. Methods and Results To identify proteomic biomarkers and the potential underlying mechanistic pathways that may be associated with incident HF defined as the first hospitalization for HF, a nested-matched case-control design was used with cases (incident HF) and controls (without HF) selected from 3 cohorts (>20 000 individuals). Controls were matched on cohort, follow-up time, age, and sex. Two independent sample sets (a discovery set with 286 cases and 591 controls and a replication set with 276 cases and 280 controls) were used to discover and replicate the findings. Two hundred fifty-two circulating proteins in the plasma were studied. Adjusting for the matching variables age, sex, and follow-up time (and correcting for multiplicity of tests), 89 proteins were found to be associated with incident HF in the discovery phase, of which 38 were also associated with incident HF in the replication phase. These 38 proteins pointed to 4 main network clusters underlying incident HF: (1) inflammation and apoptosis, indicated by the expression of the TNF (tumor necrosis factor)-family members; (2) extracellular matrix remodeling, angiogenesis and growth, indicated by the expression of proteins associated with collagen metabolism, endothelial function, and vascular homeostasis; (3) blood pressure regulation, indicated by the expression of natriuretic peptides and proteins related to the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; and (4) metabolism, associated with cholesterol and atherosclerosis. Conclusions Clusters of biomarkers associated with mechanistic pathways leading to HF were identified linking inflammation, apoptosis, vascular function, matrix remodeling, blood pressure control, and metabolism. These findings provide important insight on the pathophysiological mechanisms leading to HF. Clinical Trial Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT02556450.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Pedro Ferreira
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm, Centre d’Investigations Cliniques-Plurithématique 14–33, and Inserm U1116, CHRU, F-CRIN INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists), Nancy, France, Department of Physiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular Research and Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Job Verdonschot
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Center for Heart Failure Research, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University Hospital Maastricht, the Netherlands, Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Timothy Collier
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Anne Pizard
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm, Centre d’Investigations Cliniques-Plurithématique 14–33, and Inserm U1116, CHRU, F-CRIN INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists), Nancy, France, Inserm 1024, Institut de Biologie de l’École Normale Supérieure (IBENS), PSL University of Paris, France
| | - Christian Bär
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Jens Björkman
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi School of Medicine, Jackson, Excellence Cluster REBIRTH, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | | | | | - Andrew Clark
- Hull York Medical School, Castle Hill Hospital, Cottingham, United Kingdom
| | - John G. Cleland
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Glasgow, United Kingdom, National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, University of Glasgow, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Delles
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Javier Diez
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Centre for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain, CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Spain, Departments of Nephrology, and Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, University of Navarra Clinic, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nicolas Girerd
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm, Centre d’Investigations Cliniques-Plurithématique 14–33, and Inserm U1116, CHRU, F-CRIN INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists), Nancy, France
| | - Arantxa González
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Centre for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain, CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Spain
| | - Mark Hazebroek
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Center for Heart Failure Research, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University Hospital Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Anne-Cécile Huby
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm, Centre d’Investigations Cliniques-Plurithématique 14–33, and Inserm U1116, CHRU, F-CRIN INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists), Nancy, France
| | - Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Roberto Latini
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Daniel Levy
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s and Boston University’s Framingham Heart Study, MA, Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Alexandre Mebazaa
- UMRS 942, University Paris Diderot; APHP, University Hospitals Saint Louis Lariboisière, France
| | | | - Florence Pinet
- Inserm U1167, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, FHU-REMOD-VHF, France
| | - Patrick Rossignol
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm, Centre d’Investigations Cliniques-Plurithématique 14–33, and Inserm U1116, CHRU, F-CRIN INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists), Nancy, France
| | - Naveed Sattar
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Sever
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, England
| | - Jan A. Staessen
- Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Belgium, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Germany, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Nicolas Vodovar
- UMRS 942, University Paris Diderot; APHP, University Hospitals Saint Louis Lariboisière, France
| | - Zhen-Yu Zhang
- Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stephane Heymans
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Center for Heart Failure Research, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University Hospital Maastricht, the Netherlands, Department of Cardiovascular Research, University of Leuven, Belgium, Netherlands Heart Institute (ICIN), Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Faiez Zannad
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm, Centre d’Investigations Cliniques-Plurithématique 14–33, and Inserm U1116, CHRU, F-CRIN INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists), Nancy, France
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15
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The role of platelets in mediating a response to human influenza infection. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1780. [PMID: 30992428 PMCID: PMC6467905 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09607-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza infection increases the incidence of myocardial infarction but the reason is unknown. Platelets mediate vascular occlusion through thrombotic functions but are also recognized to have immunomodulatory activity. To determine if platelet processes are activated during influenza infection, we collected blood from 18 patients with acute influenza infection. Microscopy reveals activated platelets, many containing viral particles and extracellular-DNA associated with platelets. To understand the mechanism, we isolate human platelets and treat them with influenza A virus. Viral-engulfment leads to C3 release from platelets as a function of TLR7 and C3 leads to neutrophil-DNA release and aggregation. TLR7 specificity is confirmed in murine models lacking the receptor, and platelet depletion models support platelet-mediated C3 and neutrophil-DNA release post-influenza infection. These findings demonstrate that the initial intrinsic defense against influenza is mediated by platelet–neutrophil cross-communication that tightly regulates host immune and complement responses but can also lead to thrombotic vascular occlusion. Influenza viremia is rare in human blood and not well studied. Here, the authors show that influenza can be found in human platelets and that platelet engulfment of influenza A results in TLR7-dependent C3 release, which in turn promotes neutrophil-DNA release and formation of platelet-DNA aggregates.
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16
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Lech M, Guess J, Duffner J, Oyamada J, Shimizu C, Hoshino S, Farutin V, Bulik DA, Gutierrez B, Sarvaiya H, Kapoor B, Koppes L, Saldova R, Stockmann H, Albrecht S, McManus C, Rudd PM, Kaundinya GV, Manning AM, Bosques CJ, Kahn AM, Daniels LB, Gordon JB, Tremoulet AH, Capila I, Gunay NS, Ling LE, Burns JC. Circulating Markers of Inflammation Persist in Children and Adults With Giant Aneurysms After Kawasaki Disease. CIRCULATION-GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE 2019; 12:e002433. [DOI: 10.1161/circgen.118.002433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The sequelae of Kawasaki disease (KD) vary widely with the greatest risk for future cardiovascular events among those who develop giant coronary artery aneurysms (CAA). We sought to define the molecular signature associated with different outcomes in pediatric and adult KD patients.
Methods:
Molecular profiling was conducted using mass spectrometry–based shotgun proteomics, transcriptomics, and glycomics methods on 8 pediatric KD patients at the acute, subacute, and convalescent time points. Shotgun proteomics was performed on 9 KD adults with giant CAA and matched healthy controls. Plasma calprotectin was measured by ELISA in 28 pediatric KD patients 1 year post-KD, 70 adult KD patients, and 86 healthy adult volunteers.
Results:
A characteristic molecular profile was seen in pediatric patients during the acute disease, which resolved at the subacute and convalescent periods in patients with no coronary artery sequelae but persisted in 2 patients who developed giant CAA. We, therefore, investigated persistence of inflammation in KD adults with giant CAA by shotgun proteomics that revealed a signature of active inflammation, immune regulation, and cell trafficking. Correlating results obtained using shotgun proteomics in the pediatric and adult KD cohorts identified elevated calprotectin levels in the plasma of patients with CAA. Investigation of expanded pediatric and adult KD cohorts revealed elevated levels of calprotectin in pediatric patients with giant CAA 1 year post-KD and in adult KD patients who developed giant CAA in childhood.
Conclusions:
Complex patterns of biomarkers of inflammation and cell trafficking can persist long after the acute phase of KD in patients with giant CAA. Elevated levels of plasma calprotectin months to decades after acute KD and infiltration of cells expressing S100A8 and A9 in vascular tissues suggest ongoing, subclinical inflammation. Calprotectin may serve as a biomarker to inform the management of KD patients following the acute illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslaw Lech
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Cambridge, MA (M.L., J.G., J.D., V.F., D.A.B., B.G., H.S., B.K., L.K., G.V.K., A.M.M., C.J.B., I.C., N.S.G., L.E.L.)
| | - Jamey Guess
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Cambridge, MA (M.L., J.G., J.D., V.F., D.A.B., B.G., H.S., B.K., L.K., G.V.K., A.M.M., C.J.B., I.C., N.S.G., L.E.L.)
| | - Jay Duffner
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Cambridge, MA (M.L., J.G., J.D., V.F., D.A.B., B.G., H.S., B.K., L.K., G.V.K., A.M.M., C.J.B., I.C., N.S.G., L.E.L.)
| | - Jun Oyamada
- University of California San Diego School of Medicine (J.O., C.S., S.H., A.M.K., L.B.D., A.H.T., J.C.B.)
| | - Chisato Shimizu
- University of California San Diego School of Medicine (J.O., C.S., S.H., A.M.K., L.B.D., A.H.T., J.C.B.)
| | - Shinsuke Hoshino
- University of California San Diego School of Medicine (J.O., C.S., S.H., A.M.K., L.B.D., A.H.T., J.C.B.)
| | - Victor Farutin
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Cambridge, MA (M.L., J.G., J.D., V.F., D.A.B., B.G., H.S., B.K., L.K., G.V.K., A.M.M., C.J.B., I.C., N.S.G., L.E.L.)
| | - Dorota A. Bulik
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Cambridge, MA (M.L., J.G., J.D., V.F., D.A.B., B.G., H.S., B.K., L.K., G.V.K., A.M.M., C.J.B., I.C., N.S.G., L.E.L.)
| | - Bryan Gutierrez
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Cambridge, MA (M.L., J.G., J.D., V.F., D.A.B., B.G., H.S., B.K., L.K., G.V.K., A.M.M., C.J.B., I.C., N.S.G., L.E.L.)
| | - Hetal Sarvaiya
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Cambridge, MA (M.L., J.G., J.D., V.F., D.A.B., B.G., H.S., B.K., L.K., G.V.K., A.M.M., C.J.B., I.C., N.S.G., L.E.L.)
| | - Bulbul Kapoor
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Cambridge, MA (M.L., J.G., J.D., V.F., D.A.B., B.G., H.S., B.K., L.K., G.V.K., A.M.M., C.J.B., I.C., N.S.G., L.E.L.)
| | - Laura Koppes
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Cambridge, MA (M.L., J.G., J.D., V.F., D.A.B., B.G., H.S., B.K., L.K., G.V.K., A.M.M., C.J.B., I.C., N.S.G., L.E.L.)
| | - Radka Saldova
- National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training GlycoScience Group, Dublin, Ireland (R.S., H.S., S.A., C.M., P.M.R.)
| | - Henning Stockmann
- National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training GlycoScience Group, Dublin, Ireland (R.S., H.S., S.A., C.M., P.M.R.)
| | - Simone Albrecht
- National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training GlycoScience Group, Dublin, Ireland (R.S., H.S., S.A., C.M., P.M.R.)
| | - Ciara McManus
- National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training GlycoScience Group, Dublin, Ireland (R.S., H.S., S.A., C.M., P.M.R.)
| | - Pauline M. Rudd
- National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training GlycoScience Group, Dublin, Ireland (R.S., H.S., S.A., C.M., P.M.R.)
| | - Ganesh V. Kaundinya
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Cambridge, MA (M.L., J.G., J.D., V.F., D.A.B., B.G., H.S., B.K., L.K., G.V.K., A.M.M., C.J.B., I.C., N.S.G., L.E.L.)
| | - Anthony M. Manning
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Cambridge, MA (M.L., J.G., J.D., V.F., D.A.B., B.G., H.S., B.K., L.K., G.V.K., A.M.M., C.J.B., I.C., N.S.G., L.E.L.)
| | - Carlos J. Bosques
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Cambridge, MA (M.L., J.G., J.D., V.F., D.A.B., B.G., H.S., B.K., L.K., G.V.K., A.M.M., C.J.B., I.C., N.S.G., L.E.L.)
| | - Andrew M. Kahn
- University of California San Diego School of Medicine (J.O., C.S., S.H., A.M.K., L.B.D., A.H.T., J.C.B.)
| | - Lori B. Daniels
- University of California San Diego School of Medicine (J.O., C.S., S.H., A.M.K., L.B.D., A.H.T., J.C.B.)
| | | | - Adriana H. Tremoulet
- University of California San Diego School of Medicine (J.O., C.S., S.H., A.M.K., L.B.D., A.H.T., J.C.B.)
- Rady Children’s Hospital–San Diego (A.H.T., J.C.B.)
| | - Ishan Capila
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Cambridge, MA (M.L., J.G., J.D., V.F., D.A.B., B.G., H.S., B.K., L.K., G.V.K., A.M.M., C.J.B., I.C., N.S.G., L.E.L.)
| | - Nur Sibel Gunay
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Cambridge, MA (M.L., J.G., J.D., V.F., D.A.B., B.G., H.S., B.K., L.K., G.V.K., A.M.M., C.J.B., I.C., N.S.G., L.E.L.)
| | - Leona E. Ling
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Cambridge, MA (M.L., J.G., J.D., V.F., D.A.B., B.G., H.S., B.K., L.K., G.V.K., A.M.M., C.J.B., I.C., N.S.G., L.E.L.)
| | - Jane C. Burns
- University of California San Diego School of Medicine (J.O., C.S., S.H., A.M.K., L.B.D., A.H.T., J.C.B.)
- Rady Children’s Hospital–San Diego (A.H.T., J.C.B.)
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Kim WM, Huang YH, Gandhi A, Blumberg RS. CEACAM1 structure and function in immunity and its therapeutic implications. Semin Immunol 2019; 42:101296. [PMID: 31604530 PMCID: PMC6814268 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2019.101296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The type I membrane protein receptor carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) distinctively exhibits significant alternative splicing that allows for tunable functions upon homophilic binding. CEACAM1 is highly expressed in the tumor environment and is strictly regulated on lymphocytes such that its expression is restricted to activated cells where it is now recognized to function in tolerance pathways. CEACAM1 is also an important target for microbes which have co-opted these attributes of CEACAM1 for the purposes of invading the host and evading the immune system. These properties, among others, have focused attention on CEACAM1 as a unique target for immunotherapy in autoimmunity and cancer. This review examines recent structural information derived from the characterization of CEACAM1:CEACAM1 interactions and heterophilic modes of binding especially to microbes and how this relates to CEACAM1 function. Through this, we aim to provide insights into targeting CEACAM1 for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter M Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yu-Hwa Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Amit Gandhi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Richard S Blumberg
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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Size Matters: The Functional Role of the CEACAM1 Isoform Signature and Its Impact for NK Cell-Mediated Killing in Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11030356. [PMID: 30871206 PMCID: PMC6468645 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11030356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is the most aggressive and treatment resistant type of skin cancer. It is characterized by continuously rising incidence and high mortality rate due to its high metastatic potential. Various types of cell adhesion molecules have been implicated in tumor progression in melanoma. One of these, the carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1), is a multi-functional receptor protein potentially expressed in epithelia, endothelia, and leukocytes. CEACAM1 often appears in four isoforms differing in the length of their extracellular and intracellular domains. Both the CEACAM1 expression in general, and the ratio of the expressed CEACAM1 splice variants appear very dynamic. They depend on both the cell activation stage and the cell growth phase. Interestingly, normal melanocytes are negative for CEACAM1, while melanomas often show high expression. As a cell–cell communication molecule, CEACAM1 mediates the direct interaction between tumor and immune cells. In the tumor cell this interaction leads to functional inhibitions, and indirectly to decreased cancer cell immunogenicity by down-regulation of ligands of the NKG2D receptor. On natural killer (NK) cells it inhibits NKG2D-mediated cytolysis and signaling. This review focuses on novel mechanistic insights into CEACAM1 isoforms for NK cell-mediated immune escape mechanisms in melanoma, and their clinical relevance in patients suffering from malignant melanoma.
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Zhang L, Fang WJ, Zhang KM, Jiang WW, Chen M, Liao WQ, Pan WH. Long noncoding RNA expression profile from cryptococcal meningitis patients identifies DPY19L1p1 as a new disease marker. CNS Neurosci Ther 2019; 25:772-782. [PMID: 30767376 PMCID: PMC6515894 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS LncRNAs play a vital role in the pathological and physiological process. This study aimed to explore the involvement of lncRNAs in cryptococcal meningitis. METHODS Microarray was performed in cryptococcal meningitis patients, and then, GO and KEGG pathways were analyzed. Coexpression relationship between lncRNA and mRNA was explored. The expressions of the lncRNAs and mRNAs, and their changes after treatment were detected by PCR. RESULTS A total of 325 mRNAs (201 upregulated and 124 downregulated) and 497 lncRNAs (263 upregulated and 234 downregulated) were identified. The top three enriched GO terms for the mRNAs were arachidonic acid binding, activin receptor binding, and replication fork protection complex. The top three pathways in KEGG were asthma, one carbon pool by folate, and allograft rejection. A total of 305 coexpression relationships were found between 108 lncRNAs and 87 mRNAs. LncRNA-DPY19L1p1 was significantly increased in patients and decreased after treatment. ROC analysis revealed DPY19L1p1 was a potential diagnostic marker (AUCROC = 0.9389). Furthermore, the target genes of DPY19L1p1 in cis or trans regulation were mainly involved in immune-related pathways like the interleukin signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS This study analyzed the differential lncRNA profile in cryptococcal meningitis patients and revealed DPY19L1p1 could be used for treatment evaluation and disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology, Shanghai Institute of Medical Mycology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Jie Fang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology, Shanghai Institute of Medical Mycology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke-Ming Zhang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology, Shanghai Institute of Medical Mycology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Wei Jiang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology, Shanghai Institute of Medical Mycology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology, Shanghai Institute of Medical Mycology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wan-Qing Liao
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology, Shanghai Institute of Medical Mycology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Hua Pan
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology, Shanghai Institute of Medical Mycology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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20
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CEACAM1 promotes CD8 + T cell responses and improves control of a chronic viral infection. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2561. [PMID: 29967450 PMCID: PMC6028648 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04832-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of CD8+ T cells can lead to the development of chronic viral infection. Identifying mechanisms responsible for such T cell dysfunction is therefore of great importance to understand how to prevent persistent viral infection. Here we show using lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection that carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) is fundamental for recruiting lymphocyte-specific protein kinase (Lck) into the T cell receptor complex to form an efficient immunological synapse. CEACAM1 is essential for activation of CD8+ T cells, and the absence of CEACAM1 on virus-specific CD8+ T cells limits the antiviral CD8+ T cell response. Treatment with anti-CEACAM1 antibody stabilizes Lck in the immunological synapse, prevents CD8+ T cell exhaustion, and improves control of virus infection in vivo. Treatment of human virus-specific CD8+ T cells with anti-CEACAM1 antibody similarly enhances their proliferation. We conclude that CEACAM1 is an important regulator of virus-specific CD8+ T cell functions in mice and humans and represents a promising therapeutic target for modulating CD8+ T cells. Chronic viral infections are frequently associated with the dysfunction of CD8+ T cells which includes loss of function and results in CD8+ T cell exhaustion. Here the authors show a role of CEACAM1 in promoting responsive CD8+ T cells in the context of a chronic lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection model.
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21
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Mißbach S, Aleksic D, Blaschke L, Hassemer T, Lee KJ, Mansfeld M, Hänske J, Handler J, Kammerer R. Alternative splicing after gene duplication drives CEACAM1-paralog diversification in the horse. BMC Evol Biol 2018; 18:32. [PMID: 29544443 PMCID: PMC5856374 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-018-1145-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The CEA gene family is one of the most rapidly evolving gene families in the human genome. The founder gene of the family is thought to be an ancestor of the inhibitory immune checkpoint molecule CEACAM1. Comprehensive analyses of mammalian genomes showed that the CEA gene family is subject to tremendous gene family expansion and contraction events in different mammalian species. While in some species (e.g. rabbits) less than three CEACAM1 related genes exist, were in others (certain microbat species) up to 100 CEACAM1 paralogs identified. We have recently reported that the horse has also an extended CEA gene family. Since mechanisms of gene family expansion and diversification are not well understood we aimed to analyze the equine CEA gene family in detail. Results We found that the equine CEA gene family contains 17 functional CEACAM1-related genes. Nine of them were secreted molecules and eight CEACAMs contain transmembrane and cytoplasmic domain exons, the latter being in the focus of the present report. Only one (CEACAM41) gene has exons coding for activating signaling motifs all other CEACAM1 paralogs contain cytoplasmic exons similar to that of the inhibitory receptor CEACAM1. However, cloning of cDNAs showed that only one CEACAM1 paralog contain functional immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs in its cytoplasmic tail. Three receptors have acquired a stop codon in the transmembrane domain and two have lost their inhibitory motifs due to alternative splicing events. In addition, alternative splicing eliminated the transmembrane exon sequence of the putative activating receptor, rendering it to a secreted molecule. Transfection of eukaryotic cells with FLAG-tagged alternatively spliced CEACAMs indicates that they can be expressed in vivo. Thus detection of CEACAM41 mRNA in activated PBMC suggests that CEACAM41 is secreted by lymphoid cells upon activation. Conclusions The results of our study demonstrate that alternative splicing after gene duplication is a potent mechanism to accelerate functional diversification of the equine CEA gene family members. This potent mechanism has created novel CEACAM receptors with unique signaling capacities and secreted CEACAMs which potentially enables equine lymphoid cells to control distantly located immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Mißbach
- Institute of Immunology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Suedufer 10, Greifswald, Insel Riems, Germany.,Plattform Degenerative Erkrankungen, Deutsches Primatenzentrum GmbH, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Denis Aleksic
- Institute of Immunology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Suedufer 10, Greifswald, Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Lisa Blaschke
- Institute of Immunology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Suedufer 10, Greifswald, Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Timm Hassemer
- Institute of Immunology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Suedufer 10, Greifswald, Insel Riems, Germany.,Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Kyung Jin Lee
- Institute of Immunology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Suedufer 10, Greifswald, Insel Riems, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Martin Mansfeld
- Institute of Immunology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Suedufer 10, Greifswald, Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Jana Hänske
- Institute of Immunology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Suedufer 10, Greifswald, Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Johannes Handler
- Clinic for Horses, Veterinary Faculty, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, D-14163, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Kammerer
- Institute of Immunology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Suedufer 10, Greifswald, Insel Riems, Germany. .,Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Tiergesundheit, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Südufer 10, D, 17493, Greifswald, Insel Riems, Germany.
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22
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Kammerer R, Mansfeld M, Hänske J, Mißbach S, He X, Köllner B, Mouchantat S, Zimmermann W. Recent expansion and adaptive evolution of the carcinoembryonic antigen family in bats of the Yangochiroptera subgroup. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:717. [PMID: 28893191 PMCID: PMC5594555 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-4106-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Expansions of gene families are predictive for ongoing genetic adaptation to environmental cues. We describe such an expansion of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) gene family in certain bat families. Members of the CEA family in humans and mice are exploited as cellular receptors by a number of pathogens, possibly due to their function in immunity and reproduction. The CEA family is composed of CEA-related cell adhesion molecules (CEACAMs) and secreted pregnancy-specific glycoproteins (PSGs). PSGs are almost exclusively expressed by trophoblast cells at the maternal-fetal interface. The reason why PSGs exist only in a minority of mammals is still unknown. RESULTS Analysis of the CEA gene family in bats revealed that in certain bat families, belonging to the subgroup Yangochiroptera but not the Yinpterochiroptera subgroup an expansion of the CEA gene family took place, resulting in approximately one hundred CEA family genes in some species of the Vespertilionidae. The majority of these genes encode secreted PSG-like proteins (further referred to as PSG). Remarkably, we found strong evidence that the ligand-binding domain (IgV-like domain) of PSG is under diversifying positive selection indicating that bat PSGs may interact with structurally highly variable ligands. Such ligands might represent bacterial or viral pathogen adhesins. We have identified two distinct clusters of PSGs in three Myotis species. The two PSG cluster differ in the amino acids under positive selection. One cluster was only expanded in members of the Vespertilionidae while the other was found to be expanded in addition in members of the Miniopteridae and Mormoopidae. Thus one round of PSG expansion may have occurred in an ancestry of all three families and a second only in Vespertilionidae. Although maternal ligands of PSGs may exist selective challenges by two distinct pathogens seem to be likely responsible for the expansion of PSGs in Vespertilionidae. CONCLUSIONS The rapid expansion of PSGs in certain bat species together with selection for diversification suggest that bat PSGs could be part of a pathogen defense system by serving as decoy receptors and/or regulators of feto-maternal interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Kammerer
- Institute of Immunology, Friedrich-Loeffler Institute, -Insel Riems, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Martin Mansfeld
- Institute of Immunology, Friedrich-Loeffler Institute, -Insel Riems, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jana Hänske
- Institute of Immunology, Friedrich-Loeffler Institute, -Insel Riems, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sophie Mißbach
- Institute of Immunology, Friedrich-Loeffler Institute, -Insel Riems, Greifswald, Germany
- Plattform Degenerative Erkrankungen, Deutsches Primatenzentrum GmbH, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Xiaocui He
- Institute of Immunology, Friedrich-Loeffler Institute, -Insel Riems, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Max-Planck-Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Köllner
- Institute of Immunology, Friedrich-Loeffler Institute, -Insel Riems, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Susan Mouchantat
- Junior Research Group Wildlife Diseases, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute, -Insel Riems, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Zimmermann
- Tumor Immunology Laboratory, LIFE Center, University Clinic, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- Department of Urology, University Clinic, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
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23
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Mach P, Gellhaus A, Prager S, Moore T, Wennemuth G, Kimmig R, Köninger A, Singer BB. Soluble CEACAM1 and CEACAM6 are differently expressed in blood serum of pregnant women during normal pregnancy. Am J Reprod Immunol 2017; 78. [PMID: 28593707 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM CEACAM1 and CEACAM6 belong to the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) family and may play an immune-modulatory role during pregnancy. The aim of the study was to determine the blood serum levels of soluble CEACAM1 and CEACAM6 over the course of pregnancy and postpartum. METHOD OF STUDY CEACAM1 and CEACAM6 levels were determined with customized in-house Sandwich-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) systems. The study population (n=125) was divided into four groups according to the pregnancy trimester and postpartum. Additionally, samples of non-pregnant women (n=14) were analyzed. RESULTS Serum levels of CEACAM1 in healthy pregnant women were much lower than in non-pregnant women, a difference not seen for CEACAM6. Comparison between the trimesters and postpartum revealed a significant difference in CEACAM1 serum levels. The highest CEACAM1 levels were detected in third trimester. These levels were statistically significantly different from the CEACAM1 levels in first trimester and second trimester. The lowest levels were observed in the second trimester. Postpartum CEACAM1 serum concentrations were slightly lower than in the third trimester, but higher than in the first trimester and significantly higher compared to levels in the second trimester. CONCLUSION Decreased concentration of CEACAM1 during the pregnancy suggests its regulatory role in the immune tolerance during the course of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Mach
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Alexandra Gellhaus
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Prager
- Department of Paediatrics I/Neonatology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Tom Moore
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Gunther Wennemuth
- Institute of Anatomy, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Rainer Kimmig
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Angela Köninger
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Bernhard B Singer
- Institute of Anatomy, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Dankner M, Gray-Owen SD, Huang YH, Blumberg RS, Beauchemin N. CEACAM1 as a multi-purpose target for cancer immunotherapy. Oncoimmunology 2017; 6:e1328336. [PMID: 28811966 PMCID: PMC5543821 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1328336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
CEACAM1 is an extensively studied cell surface molecule with established functions in multiple cancer types, as well as in various compartments of the immune system. Due to its multi-faceted role as a recently appreciated immune checkpoint inhibitor and tumor marker, CEACAM1 is an attractive target for cancer immunotherapy. Herein, we highlight CEACAM1's function in various immune compartments and cancer types, including in the context of metastatic disease. This review outlines CEACAM1's role as a therapeutic target for cancer treatment in light of these properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Dankner
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Scott D Gray-Owen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yu-Hwa Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard S Blumberg
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicole Beauchemin
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Binding of Candida albicans to Human CEACAM1 and CEACAM6 Modulates the Inflammatory Response of Intestinal Epithelial Cells. mBio 2017; 8:mBio.02142-16. [PMID: 28292985 PMCID: PMC5350469 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02142-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans colonizes human mucosa, including the gastrointestinal tract, as a commensal. In immunocompromised patients, C. albicans can breach the intestinal epithelial barrier and cause fatal invasive infections. Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1; CD66a), CEACAM5 (CEA), and CEACAM6 (CD66c) are immunomodulatory receptors expressed on human mucosa and are recruited by bacterial and viral pathogens. Here we show for the first time that a fungal pathogen (i.e., C. albicans) also binds directly to the extracellular domain of human CEACAM1, CEACAM3, CEACAM5, and CEACAM6. Binding was specific for human CEACAMs and mediated by the N-terminal IgV-like domain. In enterocytic C2BBe1 cells, C. albicans caused a transient tyrosine phosphorylation of CEACAM1 and induced higher expression of membrane-bound CEACAM1 and soluble CEACAM6. Lack of the CEACAM1 receptor after short hairpin RNA (shRNA) knockdown abolished CXCL8 (interleukin-8) secretion by C2BBe1 cells in response to C. albicans In CEACAM1-competent cells, the addition of recombinant soluble CEACAM6 reduced the C. albicans-induced CXCL8 secretion.IMPORTANCE The present study demonstrates for the first time that fungal pathogens can be recognized by at least four members of the immunomodulatory CEACAM receptor family: CEACAM1, -3, -5, and -6. Three of the four receptors (i.e., CEACAM1, -5, and -6) are expressed in mucosal cells of the intestinal tract, where they are implicated in immunomodulation and control of tissue homeostasis. Importantly, the interaction of the major fungal pathogen in humans Candida albicans with CEACAM1 and CEACAM6 resulted in an altered epithelial immune response. With respect to the broad impact of CEACAM receptors on various aspects of the innate and the adaptive immune responses, in particular epithelial, neutrophil, and T cell behavior, understanding the role of CEACAMs in the host response to fungal pathogens might help to improve management of superficial and systemic fungal infections.
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Helicobacter pylori adhesin HopQ engages in a virulence-enhancing interaction with human CEACAMs. Nat Microbiol 2016; 2:16189. [PMID: 27748768 DOI: 10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori specifically colonizes the human gastric epithelium and is the major causative agent for ulcer disease and gastric cancer development. Here, we identify members of the carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule (CEACAM) family as receptors of H. pylori and show that HopQ is the surface-exposed adhesin that specifically binds human CEACAM1, CEACAM3, CEACAM5 and CEACAM6. HopQ-CEACAM binding is glycan-independent and targeted to the N-domain. H. pylori binding induces CEACAM1-mediated signalling, and the HopQ-CEACAM1 interaction enables translocation of the virulence factor CagA into host cells and enhances the release of pro-inflammatory mediators such as interleukin-8. Based on the crystal structure of HopQ, we found that a β-hairpin insertion (HopQ-ID) in HopQ's extracellular 3+4 helix bundle domain is important for CEACAM binding. A peptide derived from this domain competitively inhibits HopQ-mediated activation of the Cag virulence pathway, as genetic or antibody-mediated abrogation of the HopQ function shows. Together, our data suggest the HopQ-CEACAM1 interaction to be a potentially promising novel therapeutic target to combat H. pylori-associated diseases.
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Rueckschloss U, Kuerten S, Ergün S. The role of CEA-related cell adhesion molecule-1 (CEACAM1) in vascular homeostasis. Histochem Cell Biol 2016; 146:657-671. [PMID: 27695943 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-016-1505-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-related cell adhesion molecules belong to the immunoglobulin superfamily, are expressed in a broad spectrum of tissues and cell types and exert context-dependent activating as well as inhibitory effects. Among these molecules, the CEA-related cell adhesion molecule-1 (CEACAM1) is a transmembrane molecule with an extracellular, a transmembrane and a cytoplasmic domain. The latter contains immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs and functions as a signaling molecule. CEACAM1 can form homo- and heterodimers which is relevant for its signaling activities. CEACAM1 acts as co-receptor that modulates the activity of different receptor types including VEGFR-2, and B and T cell receptors. CEACAM1 is expressed in endothelial cells, in pericytes of developing and newly formed immature blood vessels and in angiogenically activated adult vessels, e.g., tumor blood vessels. However, it is either undetectable or only weakly expressed in quiescent blood vessels. Recent studies indicated that CEACAM1 is involved in the regulation of the endothelial barrier function. In CEACAM1 -/- mice, increased vascular permeability and development of small atherosclerotic lesions was observed in the aortae. CEACAM1 is also detectable in activated lymphatic endothelial cells and plays a role in tumor lymphangiogenesis. This review summarizes the vascular effects of CEACAM1 and focuses on its role in vascular morphogenesis and endothelial barrier regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Rueckschloss
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Würzburg, Köllikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Kuerten
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Würzburg, Köllikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Süleyman Ergün
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Würzburg, Köllikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany.
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Heinrich A, Heyl KA, Klaile E, Müller MM, Klassert TE, Wiessner A, Fischer K, Schumann RR, Seifert U, Riesbeck K, Moter A, Singer BB, Bachmann S, Slevogt H. Moraxella catarrhalis induces CEACAM3-Syk-CARD9-dependent activation of human granulocytes. Cell Microbiol 2016; 18:1570-1582. [PMID: 27038042 PMCID: PMC5096018 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The human restricted pathogen Moraxella catarrhalis is an important causal agent for exacerbations in chronic obstructive lung disease in adults. In such patients, increased numbers of granulocytes are present in the airways, which correlate with bacteria-induced exacerbations and severity of the disease. Our study investigated whether the interaction of M. catarrhalis with the human granulocyte-specific carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule (CEACAM)-3 is linked to NF-κB activation, resulting in chemokine production. Granulocytes from healthy donors and NB4 cells were infected with M. catarrhalis in the presence of different inhibitors, blocking antibodies and siRNA. The supernatants were analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for chemokines. NF-κB activation was determined using a luciferase reporter gene assay and chromatin-immunoprecipitation. We found evidence that the specific engagement of CEACAM3 by M. catarrhalis ubiquitous surface protein A1 (UspA1) results in the activation of pro-inflammatory events, such as degranulation of neutrophils, ROS production and chemokine secretion. The interaction of UspA1 with CEACAM3 induced the activation of the NF-κB pathway via Syk and the CARD9 pathway and was dependent on the phosphorylation of the CEACAM3 ITAM-like motif. These findings suggest that the CEACAM3 signalling in neutrophils is able to specifically modulate airway inflammation caused by infection with M. catarrhalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Heinrich
- Septomics Research Center, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - K A Heyl
- Septomics Research Center, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - E Klaile
- Septomics Research Center, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - M M Müller
- Septomics Research Center, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - T E Klassert
- Septomics Research Center, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - A Wiessner
- Biofilmcenter, German Heart Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - K Fischer
- Septomics Research Center, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - R R Schumann
- Institute for Microbiology and Hygiene, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - U Seifert
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - K Riesbeck
- Clinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - A Moter
- Biofilmcenter, German Heart Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - B B Singer
- Institute of Anatomy, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - S Bachmann
- Institute of Vegetative Anatomy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - H Slevogt
- Septomics Research Center, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
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Heinrich A, Haarmann H, Zahradnik S, Frenzel K, Schreiber F, Klassert TE, Heyl KA, Endres AS, Schmidtke M, Hofmann J, Slevogt H. Moraxella catarrhalis decreases antiviral innate immune responses by down-regulation of TLR3 via inhibition of p53 in human bronchial epithelial cells. FASEB J 2016; 30:2426-34. [PMID: 26979086 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201500172r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is complicated by infectious exacerbations with acute worsening of respiratory symptoms. Coinfections of bacterial and viral pathogens are associated with more severe exacerbations. Moraxella catarrhalis is one of the most frequent lower respiratory tract pathogens detected in COPD. We therefore studied the impact of M. catarrhalis on the antiviral innate immune response that is mediated via TLR3 and p53. Molecular interactions between M. catarrhalis and normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells as well as Beas-2B cells were studied using flow cytometry, quantitative PCR analysis, chromatin immunoprecipitation, RNA interference, and ELISA. M. catarrhalis induces a significant down-regulation of TLR3 in human bronchial epithelial cells. In M. catarrhalis-infected cells, expression of p53 was decreased. We detected a reduced binding of p53 to the tlr3 promoter, resulting in reduced TLR3 gene transcription. M. catarrhalis diminished the TLR3-dependent secretion of IFN-β, IFN-λ, and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 8. In addition in M. catarrhalis infected cells, expression of rhinovirus type 1A RNA was increased compared with uninfected cells. M. catarrhalis reduces antiviral defense functions of bronchial epithelial cells, which may increase susceptibility to viral infections.-Heinrich, A., Haarmann, H., Zahradnik, S., Frenzel, K., Schreiber, F., Klassert, T. E., Heyl, K. A., Endres, A.-S., Schmidtke, M., Hofmann, J., Slevogt, H. Moraxella catarrhalis decreases antiviral innate immune responses by down-regulation of TLR3 via inhibition of p53 in human bronchial epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annina Heinrich
- Septomics Research Center, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Helge Haarmann
- Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sabrina Zahradnik
- Institute of Microbiology and Hygiene, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katrin Frenzel
- Institute of Medical Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frauke Schreiber
- Septomics Research Center, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Kerstin A Heyl
- Septomics Research Center, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Michaela Schmidtke
- Department of Virology and Antiviral Therapy, School of Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Jörg Hofmann
- Institute of Medical Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hortense Slevogt
- Septomics Research Center, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany;
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van Rees DJ, Szilagyi K, Kuijpers TW, Matlung HL, van den Berg TK. Immunoreceptors on neutrophils. Semin Immunol 2016; 28:94-108. [PMID: 26976825 PMCID: PMC7129252 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophil activities must be tightly controlled to maintain immune homeostasis. Activating and inhibitory receptors balance the outcome of immune cell activation. Immunoreceptors contain Ig-like extracellular domains and signal via ITAMs or ITIMs. Syk or SHP/SHIP mediate downstream signaling after immunoreceptor activation. Targeting immunoreceptors provides opportunities for therapeutic interventions.
Neutrophils play a critical role in the host defense against infection, and they are able to perform a variety of effector mechanisms for this purpose. However, there are also a number of pathological conditions, including autoimmunity and cancer, in which the activities of neutrophils can be harmful to the host. Thus the activities of neutrophils need to be tightly controlled. As in the case of other immune cells, many of the neutrophil effector functions are regulated by a series of immunoreceptors on the plasma membrane. Here, we review what is currently known about the functions of the various individual immunoreceptors and their signaling in neutrophils. While these immunoreceptors allow for the recognition of a diverse range of extracellular ligands, such as cell surface structures (like proteins, glycans and lipids) and extracellular matrix components, they commonly signal via conserved ITAM or ITIM motifs and their associated downstream pathways that depend on the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues in proteins and/or inositol lipids. This allows for a balanced homeostatic regulation of neutrophil effector functions. Given the number of available immunoreceptors and their fundamental importance for neutrophil behavior, it is perhaps not surprising that pathogens have evolved means to evade immune responses through some of these pathways. Inversely, some of these receptors evolved to specifically recognize these pathogens. Finally, some interactions mediated by immunoreceptors in neutrophils have been identified as promising targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieke J van Rees
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Katka Szilagyi
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Taco W Kuijpers
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hanke L Matlung
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Timo K van den Berg
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Kammerer R, Herse F, Zimmermann W. Convergent Evolution Within CEA Gene Families in Mammals: Hints for Species-Specific Selection Pressures. Evol Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-41324-2_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Bonsor DA, Günther S, Beadenkopf R, Beckett D, Sundberg EJ. Diverse oligomeric states of CEACAM IgV domains. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:13561-6. [PMID: 26483485 PMCID: PMC4640789 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1509511112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecules (CEACAMs) comprise a large family of cell surface adhesion molecules that bind to themselves and other family members to carry out numerous cellular functions, including proliferation, signaling, differentiation, tumor suppression, and survival. They also play diverse and significant roles in immunity and infection. The formation of CEACAM oligomers is caused predominantly by interactions between their N-terminal IgV domains. Although X-ray crystal structures of CEACAM IgV domain homodimers have been described, how CEACAMs form heterodimers or remain monomers is poorly understood. To address this key aspect of CEACAM function, we determined the crystal structures of IgV domains that form a homodimeric CEACAM6 complex, monomeric CEACAM8, and a heterodimeric CEACAM6-CEACAM8 complex. To confirm and quantify these interactions in solution, we used analytical ultracentrifugation to measure the dimerization constants of CEACAM homodimers and isothermal titration calorimetry to determine the thermodynamic parameters and binding affinities of CEACAM heterodimers. We found the CEACAM6-CEACAM8 heterodimeric state to be substantially favored energetically relative to the CEACAM6 homodimer. Our data provide a molecular basis for the adoption of the diverse oligomeric states known to exist for CEACAMs and suggest ways in which CEACAM6 and CEACAM8 regulate the biological functions of one another, as well as of additional CEACAMs with which they interact, both in cis and in trans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Bonsor
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Sebastian Günther
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Robert Beadenkopf
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Dorothy Beckett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742
| | - Eric J Sundberg
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201; Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
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Bonsor DA, Beckett D, Sundberg EJ. Structure of the N-terminal dimerization domain of CEACAM7. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun 2015; 71:1169-75. [PMID: 26323304 PMCID: PMC4555925 DOI: 10.1107/s2053230x15013576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
CEACAM7 is a human cellular adhesion protein that is expressed on the surface of colon and rectum epithelial cells and is downregulated in colorectal cancers. It achieves cell adhesion through dimerization of the N-terminal IgV domain. The crystal structure of the N-terminal dimerization domain of CEACAM has been determined at 1.47 Å resolution. The overall fold of CEACAM7 is similar to those of CEACAM1 and CEACAM5; however, there are differences, the most notable of which is an insertion that causes the C'' strand to buckle, leading to the creation of a hydrogen bond in the dimerization interface. The Kdimerization for CEACAM7 determined by sedimentation equilibrium is tenfold tighter than that measured for CEACAM5. These findings suggest that the dimerization affinities of CEACAMs are modulated via sequence variation in the dimerization surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A. Bonsor
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Dorothy Beckett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland College Park, Baltimore, MD 20742, USA
| | - Eric J. Sundberg
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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Gutbier B, Fischer K, Doehn JM, von Lachner C, Herr C, Klaile E, Frischmann U, Singer BB, Riesbeck K, Zimmermann W, Suttorp N, Bachmann S, Bals R, Witzenrath M, Slevogt H. Moraxella catarrhalis induces an immune response in the murine lung that is independent of human CEACAM5 expression and long-term smoke exposure. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 309:L250-61. [PMID: 26047639 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00265.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), Moraxella catarrhalis infection of the lower airways is associated with chronic colonization and inflammation during stable disease and acute exacerbations. Chronic smoke exposure induces chronic inflammation and impairs mucociliary clearance, thus contributing to bacterial colonization of the lower airways in COPD patients. The human-specific carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule (CEACAM) 5, expressed in human airways, has been shown to contribute to epithelial colonization of CEACAM-binding pathogens. To investigate the impact of CEACAM5 expression on pulmonary M. catarrhalis colonization, we infected mice transgenic for human CEACAM5 (hCEACAM5) and wild type mice intratracheally with M. catarrhalis with or without preceding smoke exposure and analyzed bacterial colonization and local and systemic inflammation. Our results show that airway infection with M. catarrhalis accelerated acute local but not systemic inflammation, albeit independent of hCEACAM5 expression. Long-term smoke exposure alone or prior to M. catarrhalis infection did not contribute to increased local or systemic inflammation. No difference was found in pulmonary clearance of M. catarrhalis in hCEACAM5-transgenic mice compared with wild-type mice. Smoke exposure neither altered time nor extent of persistence of M. catarrhalis in the lungs of both genotypes. In conclusion, M. catarrhalis induced a local acute immune response in murine airways. Neither hCEACAM5 expression nor chronic smoke exposure nor a combination of both was sufficient as prerequisites for the establishment of chronic M. catarrhalis colonization. Our results demonstrate the difficulties in mirroring conditions of chronic airways colonization of M. catarrhalis in a murine model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgitt Gutbier
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katja Fischer
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Septomics Research Center, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Jan-Moritz Doehn
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Christian Herr
- Department of Internal Medicine V-Pulmonology, Allergology, Respiratory Intensive Care Medicine, University of the Saarland, Homburg Saar, Germany
| | - Esther Klaile
- Septomics Research Center, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Bernhard B Singer
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Kristian Riesbeck
- Clinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Wolfgang Zimmermann
- Tumor Immunology Laboratory, LIFE-Center, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; and
| | - Norbert Suttorp
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bachmann
- Department of Anatomy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Bals
- Department of Internal Medicine V-Pulmonology, Allergology, Respiratory Intensive Care Medicine, University of the Saarland, Homburg Saar, Germany
| | - Martin Witzenrath
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hortense Slevogt
- Septomics Research Center, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany;
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Khairnar V, Duhan V, Maney SK, Honke N, Shaabani N, Pandyra AA, Seifert M, Pozdeev V, Xu HC, Sharma P, Baldin F, Marquardsen F, Merches K, Lang E, Kirschning C, Westendorf AM, Häussinger D, Lang F, Dittmer U, Küppers R, Recher M, Hardt C, Scheffrahn I, Beauchemin N, Göthert JR, Singer BB, Lang PA, Lang KS. CEACAM1 induces B-cell survival and is essential for protective antiviral antibody production. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6217. [PMID: 25692415 PMCID: PMC4346637 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
B cells are essential for antiviral immune defence because they produce neutralizing antibodies, present antigen and maintain the lymphoid architecture. Here we show that intrinsic signalling of CEACAM1 is essential for generating efficient B-cell responses. Although CEACAM1 exerts limited influence on the proliferation of B cells, expression of CEACAM1 induces survival of proliferating B cells via the BTK/Syk/NF-κB-axis. The absence of this signalling cascade in naive Ceacam1−/− mice limits the survival of B cells. During systemic infection with cytopathic vesicular stomatitis virus, Ceacam1−/− mice can barely induce neutralizing antibody responses and die early after infection. We find, therefore, that CEACAM1 is a crucial regulator of B-cell survival, influencing B-cell numbers and protective antiviral antibody responses. Antibody responses are regulated by selective survival of B cells with proper antigen specificity. Here the authors show that CEACAM1 is critical for B-cell survival during homeostasis and antiviral responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Khairnar
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen 45147, Germany
| | - Vikas Duhan
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen 45147, Germany
| | - Sathish Kumar Maney
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstrasse 5, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Nadine Honke
- 1] Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen 45147, Germany [2] Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstrasse 5, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Namir Shaabani
- 1] Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen 45147, Germany [2] Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstrasse 5, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Aleksandra A Pandyra
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen 45147, Germany
| | - Marc Seifert
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, Virchowstrasse 173, Essen 45122, Germany
| | - Vitaly Pozdeev
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstrasse 5, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Haifeng C Xu
- 1] Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen 45147, Germany [2] Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstrasse 5, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Piyush Sharma
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen 45147, Germany
| | - Fabian Baldin
- Clinic for Primary Immunodeficiency, Medical Outpatient Unit and Immunodeficiency Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Florian Marquardsen
- Clinic for Primary Immunodeficiency, Medical Outpatient Unit and Immunodeficiency Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Katja Merches
- 1] Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen 45147, Germany [2] Department of Physiology I, University of Tuebingen, Gmelinstrasse 5, Tuebingen 72076, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Lang
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstrasse 5, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Carsten Kirschning
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen 45122, Germany
| | - Astrid M Westendorf
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen 45122, Germany
| | - Dieter Häussinger
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstrasse 5, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Florian Lang
- Department of Physiology I, University of Tuebingen, Gmelinstrasse 5, Tuebingen 72076, Germany
| | - Ulf Dittmer
- Institute of Virology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen 45147, Germany
| | - Ralf Küppers
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, Virchowstrasse 173, Essen 45122, Germany
| | - Mike Recher
- Clinic for Primary Immunodeficiency, Medical Outpatient Unit and Immunodeficiency Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia Hardt
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen 45147, Germany
| | - Inka Scheffrahn
- Clinic of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen 45147, Germany
| | - Nicole Beauchemin
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Centre, Departments of Biochemistry, Medicine and Oncology, McIntyre Medical Science Building, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3G 1Y6
| | - Joachim R Göthert
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center (WTZ), University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen 45147, Germany
| | - Bernhard B Singer
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen 45147, Germany
| | - Philipp A Lang
- 1] Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstrasse 5, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany [2] Department of Molecular Medicine II, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Karl S Lang
- 1] Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen 45147, Germany [2] Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstrasse 5, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
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Functional capacities of human IgM memory B cells in early inflammatory responses and secondary germinal center reactions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:E546-55. [PMID: 25624468 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1416276112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The generation and functions of human peripheral blood (PB) IgM(+)IgD(+)CD27(+) B lymphocytes with somatically mutated IgV genes are controversially discussed. We determined their differential gene expression to naive B cells and to IgM-only and IgG(+) memory B cells. This analysis revealed a high similarity of IgM(+)(IgD(+))CD27(+) and IgG(+) memory B cells but also pointed at distinct functional capacities of both subsets. In vitro analyses revealed a tendency of activated IgM(+)IgD(+)CD27(+) B cells to migrate to B-cell follicles and undergo germinal center (GC) B-cell differentiation, whereas activated IgG(+) memory B cells preferentially showed a plasma cell (PC) fate. This observation was supported by reverse regulation of B-cell lymphoma 6 and PR domain containing 1 and differential BTB and CNC homology 1, basic leucine zipper transcription factor 2 expression. Moreover, IgM(+)IgD(+)CD27(+) B lymphocytes preferentially responded to neutrophil-derived cytokines. Costimulation with catecholamines, carcinoembryonic antigen cell adhesion molecule 8 (CEACAM8), and IFN-γ caused differentiation of IgM(+)IgD(+)CD27(+) B cells into PCs, induced class switching to IgG2, and was reproducible in cocultures with neutrophils. In conclusion, this study substantiates memory B-cell characteristics of human IgM(+)IgD(+)CD27(+) B cells in that they share typical memory B-cell transcription patterns with IgG(+) post-GC B cells and show a faster and more vigorous restimulation potential, a hallmark of immune memory. Moreover, this work reveals a functional plasticity of human IgM memory B cells by showing their propensity to undergo secondary GC reactions upon reactivation, but also by their special role in early inflammation via interaction with immunomodulatory neutrophils.
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