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Ferrero R, Rainer PY, Rumpler M, Russeil J, Zachara M, Pezoldt J, van Mierlo G, Gardeux V, Saelens W, Alpern D, Favre L, Vionnet N, Mantziari S, Zingg T, Pitteloud N, Suter M, Matter M, Schlaudraff KU, Canto C, Deplancke B. A human omentum-specific mesothelial-like stromal population inhibits adipogenesis through IGFBP2 secretion. Cell Metab 2024; 36:1566-1585.e9. [PMID: 38729152 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Adipose tissue plasticity is orchestrated by molecularly and functionally diverse cells within the stromal vascular fraction (SVF). Although several mouse and human adipose SVF cellular subpopulations have by now been identified, we still lack an understanding of the cellular and functional variability of adipose stem and progenitor cell (ASPC) populations across human fat depots. To address this, we performed single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analyses of >30 SVF/Lin- samples across four human adipose depots, revealing two ubiquitous human ASPC (hASPC) subpopulations with distinct proliferative and adipogenic properties but also depot- and BMI-dependent proportions. Furthermore, we identified an omental-specific, high IGFBP2-expressing stromal population that transitions between mesothelial and mesenchymal cell states and inhibits hASPC adipogenesis through IGFBP2 secretion. Our analyses highlight the molecular and cellular uniqueness of different adipose niches, while our discovery of an anti-adipogenic IGFBP2+ omental-specific population provides a new rationale for the biomedically relevant, limited adipogenic capacity of omental hASPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radiana Ferrero
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pernille Yde Rainer
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marie Rumpler
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julie Russeil
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Magda Zachara
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Joern Pezoldt
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Guido van Mierlo
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Gardeux
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Wouter Saelens
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Alpern
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lucie Favre
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Vionnet
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland
| | - Styliani Mantziari
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne 1011, Switzerland; Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Zingg
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne 1011, Switzerland; Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland
| | - Nelly Pitteloud
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland
| | - Michel Suter
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne 1011, Switzerland; Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland
| | - Maurice Matter
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne 1011, Switzerland; Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland
| | | | - Carles Canto
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bart Deplancke
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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2
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Galigniana NM, Ruiz MC, Piwien-Pilipuk G. FK506 binding protein 51: Its role in the adipose organ and beyond. J Cell Biochem 2022. [PMID: 36502528 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
There is a great body of evidence that the adipose organ plays a central role in the control not only of energy balance, but importantly, in the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis. Interest in the study of different aspects of its physiology grew in the last decades due to the pandemic of obesity and the consequences of metabolic syndrome. It was not until recently that the first evidence for the role of the high molecular weight immunophilin FK506 binding protein (FKBP) 51 in the process of adipocyte differentiation have been described. Since then, many new facets have been discovered of this stress-responsive FKBP51 as a central node for precise coordination of many cell functions, as shown for nuclear steroid receptors, autophagy, signaling pathways as Akt, p38 MAPK, and GSK3, as well as for insulin signaling and the control of glucose homeostasis. Thus, the aim of this review is to integrate and discuss the recent advances in the understanding of the many roles of FKBP51 in the adipose organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia M Galigniana
- Laboratory of Nuclear Architecture, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME)-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marina C Ruiz
- Laboratory of Nuclear Architecture, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME)-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Graciela Piwien-Pilipuk
- Laboratory of Nuclear Architecture, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME)-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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3
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Lee J, Chung MY, Chung S, Choi HK. Anacardic Acid Suppresses Adipogenesis Through Inhibition of the Hsp90/Akt Signaling Pathway in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes. J Med Food 2021; 24:487-496. [PMID: 34009020 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2020.4830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Anacardic acid (AA), a major component of cashew nut shell liquid, has extensive bioactivities. However, little is known about its antiadipogenic properties or the mechanism that underpins them. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of AA on 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation and its mechanisms of action. AA inhibits lipid accumulation during adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocyte (IC50 = 25.45 μM). AA abrogates mRNA expressions of the genes implicated in lipogenesis and their transcription factors, especially Pparg and Cebpa. Furthermore, antibody microarray and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis results showed that the proteins implicated in the Akt signaling pathway were most likely altered by AA. Notably, upon AA treatment, heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), a positive regulator of Akt, was decreased, resulting in Akt degradation. These findings indicate that AA, a natural product that acts as a Hsp90/Akt signaling inhibitor, may be a possible antiadipogenic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jangho Lee
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Min-Yu Chung
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Sangwon Chung
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Hyo-Kyoung Choi
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
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4
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Al-Jaber H, Al-Mansoori L, Elrayess MA. GATA-3 as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Curr Diabetes Rev 2021; 17:169-179. [PMID: 32628587 DOI: 10.2174/1573399816666200705210417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Impaired adipogenesis plays an important role in the development of obesity-associated insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes as it leads to ectopic fat deposition. The anti-adipogenic transcription factor GATA-3 was identified as one of the potential molecular targets responsible for the impairment of adipogenesis. The expression of GATA-3 is higher in insulinresistant obese individuals compared to BMI-matched insulin-sensitive counterparts. Adipose tissue inflammation is a crucial mediator of this process. Hyperglycemia mediates the activation of the immune system, partially through upregulation of GATA- 3, causing exacerbation of the inflammatory state associated with obesity. This review discusses the evidence supporting the inhibition of GATA-3 as a useful therapeutic strategy in obesity-associated insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, through up-regulation adipogenesis and amelioration of the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hend Al-Jaber
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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4β-Hydroxywithanolide E and withanolide E from Physalis peruviana L. inhibit adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells through modulation of mitotic clonal expansion. J Nat Med 2020; 75:232-239. [PMID: 33200287 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-020-01458-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for many diseases, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, and is related to the rising morbidity and mortality. Discovery of agents targeting adipogenesis, especially from natural sources, is important for the treatment of obesity. Here, we aimed to identify anti-adipogenic substances in methanol extracts of Physalis peruviana and to investigate their effect, along with underlying mechanisms. Activity-guided fractionation of the extract revealed 4β-hydroxywithanolide E (HWE) and withanolide E (WE) as the adipogenesis inhibitors. Both compounds suppressed mRNA expression of central adipogenic transcription factors, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α in the early stage of adipocyte differentiation. The inhibitory action of these two withanolides on adipogenesis was largely limited to this stage. The proliferation of preadipocytes was markedly suppressed by treatment with HWE and WE for 24 and 48 h in the differentiation medium, and cell-cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase was observed. Therefore, our results suggested that withanolides from P. peruviana to be novel anti-adipogenic compounds that modulate mitotic clonal expansion.
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6
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Acetylation of Hsp90 reverses dexamethasone-mediated inhibition of insulin secretion. Toxicol Lett 2020; 320:19-27. [PMID: 31778773 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The deleterious effects of glucocorticoids on glucose homeostasis limit their clinical use. There is substantial evidence demonstrating that islet function impaired by long-term glucocorticoids exposure is a core defect in the progression of impaired glucose tolerance to diabetes. The activity of heat-shock protein (Hsp) 90 is required to maintain the hormone-binding activity and stability of glucocorticoid receptor (GR). In the present study, Hsp90 inhibition by 17-DMAG counteracted dexamethasone-mediated inhibition of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in isolated rat islets as well as expressions of neuropeptide Y (NPY) and somatostatin receptor 3 (SSTR3), two negative regulators of insulin secretion. Like 17-DMAG, both the pan-histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor TSA and HDAC6 inhibitor Tubacin exhibited a similar action in protecting islet function against dexamethasone-induced injury, along with the downregulation of NPY and SSTR3 expressions. The hyperacetylation of Hsp90 by TSA and Tubacin disrupted its binding ability to GR and blocked dexamethasone-elicited nuclear translocation of GR in INS-1 β-cell lines. In addition, Tubacin treatment triggered the GR protein degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. These findings suggest that Hsp90 acetylation by inhibiting HDAC6 activity may be a potential strategy to prevent the development of steroid diabetes mellitus via alleviating glucocorticoid-impaired islet function.
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Facchi JC, Lima TALD, Oliveira LRD, Costermani HDO, Miranda GDS, de Oliveira JC. Perinatal programming of metabolic diseases: The role of glucocorticoids. Metabolism 2020; 104:154047. [PMID: 31837301 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2019.154047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The worldwide increase in metabolic diseases has urged the scientific community to improve our understanding about the mechanisms underlying its cause and effects. A well supported area of studies had related maternal stress with early programming to the later metabolic diseases. Mechanisms upon origins of metabolic disturbances are not yet fully understood, even though stressful factors rising glucocorticoids have been put out as pivotal trigger by programming metabolic diseases as long-term consequence. Considering energy balance and glucose homeostasis, by producing and/or sensing regulator signals, hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and endocrine pancreas are directly affected by glucocorticoids excess. We focus on the evidences reporting the role of increased glucocorticoids due to perinatal insults on the physiological systems involved in the metabolic homeostasis and in the target organs such as endocrine pancreas, white adipose tissue and blood vessels. Besides, we review some mechanisms underlining the malprogramming of type 2 diabetes, obesity and hypertension. Studies on this field are currently ongoing and even there is a good understanding regarding the effects of glucocorticoids addressing metabolic diseases, few is known about the relationship between maternal insults rising glucocorticoids to pups' metabolic disturbances, a thorough understanding about that may provide pivotal clinical clues regarding those disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Cristina Facchi
- Research Group on Perinatal Programming of Metabolic Diseases: DOHaD concept, Laboratory of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Health Education and Research Center, NUPADS, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, University Campus of Sinop, Sinop, MT, Brazil
| | - Thalyne Aparecida Leite de Lima
- Research Group on Perinatal Programming of Metabolic Diseases: DOHaD concept, Laboratory of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Health Education and Research Center, NUPADS, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, University Campus of Sinop, Sinop, MT, Brazil
| | - Lucas Ryba de Oliveira
- Research Group on Perinatal Programming of Metabolic Diseases: DOHaD concept, Laboratory of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Health Education and Research Center, NUPADS, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, University Campus of Sinop, Sinop, MT, Brazil
| | - Hercules de Oliveira Costermani
- Research Group on Perinatal Programming of Metabolic Diseases: DOHaD concept, Laboratory of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Health Education and Research Center, NUPADS, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, University Campus of Sinop, Sinop, MT, Brazil
| | - Ginislene Dias Souza Miranda
- Research Group on Perinatal Programming of Metabolic Diseases: DOHaD concept, Laboratory of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Health Education and Research Center, NUPADS, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, University Campus of Sinop, Sinop, MT, Brazil
| | - Júlio Cezar de Oliveira
- Research Group on Perinatal Programming of Metabolic Diseases: DOHaD concept, Laboratory of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Health Education and Research Center, NUPADS, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, University Campus of Sinop, Sinop, MT, Brazil.
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8
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Tamura I, Takagi H, Doi-Tanaka Y, Shirafuta Y, Mihara Y, Shinagawa M, Maekawa R, Taketani T, Sato S, Tamura H, Sugino N. Wilms tumor 1 regulates lipid accumulation in human endometrial stromal cells during decidualization. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:4673-4683. [PMID: 32098869 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.012841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that the transcription factor Wilms tumor 1 (WT1) regulates the expression of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) and prolactin (PRL) during decidualization of human endometrial stromal cells (ESCs). However, other roles of WT1 in decidualization remain to be fully clarified. Here, we investigated how WT1 regulates the physiological functions of human ESCs during decidualization. We incubated ESCs isolated from proliferative-phase endometrium with cAMP to induce decidualization, knocked down WT1 with siRNA, and generated three types of treatments (nontreated cells, cAMP-treated cells, and cAMP-treated + WT1-knockdown cells). To identify WT1-regulated genes, we used gene microarrays and compared the transcriptome data obtained among these three treatments. We observed that WT1 up-regulates 121 genes during decidualization, including several genes involved in lipid transport. The WT1 knockdown inhibited lipid accumulation (LA) in the cAMP-induced ESCs. To examine the mechanisms by which WT1 regulates LA, we focused on very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR), which is involved in lipoprotein uptake. We found that cAMP up-regulates VLDLR and that the WT1 knockdown inhibits it. Results of ChIP assays revealed that cAMP increases the recruitment of WT1 to the promoter region of the VLDLR gene, indicating that WT1 regulates VLDLR expression. Moreover, VLDLR knockdown inhibited cAMP-induced LA, and VLDLR overexpression reverted the suppression of LA caused by the WT1 knockdown. Taken together, our results indicate that WT1 enhances lipid storage by up-regulating VLDLR expression in human ESCs during decidualization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isao Tamura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Minamikogushi 1-1-1, Ube 755-8505, Japan
| | - Haruka Takagi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Minamikogushi 1-1-1, Ube 755-8505, Japan
| | - Yumiko Doi-Tanaka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Minamikogushi 1-1-1, Ube 755-8505, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Shirafuta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Minamikogushi 1-1-1, Ube 755-8505, Japan
| | - Yumiko Mihara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Minamikogushi 1-1-1, Ube 755-8505, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shinagawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Minamikogushi 1-1-1, Ube 755-8505, Japan
| | - Ryo Maekawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Minamikogushi 1-1-1, Ube 755-8505, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Taketani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Minamikogushi 1-1-1, Ube 755-8505, Japan
| | - Shun Sato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Minamikogushi 1-1-1, Ube 755-8505, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tamura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Minamikogushi 1-1-1, Ube 755-8505, Japan
| | - Norihiro Sugino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Minamikogushi 1-1-1, Ube 755-8505, Japan
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9
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17-DMAG, an Hsp90 inhibitor, ameliorates ovariectomy-induced obesity in rats. Life Sci 2019; 232:116672. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Ely BR, Clayton ZS, McCurdy CE, Pfeiffer J, Needham KW, Comrada LN, Minson CT. Heat therapy improves glucose tolerance and adipose tissue insulin signaling in polycystic ovary syndrome. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2019; 317:E172-E182. [PMID: 31136202 PMCID: PMC7199222 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00549.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with high rates of obesity and metabolic dysfunction. Repeated passive heat exposure (termed heat therapy) is a novel lifestyle intervention for improving health in obese women with PCOS. The purpose of this study was to examine changes in metabolic function in obese women with PCOS following heat therapy. Eighteen age- and BMI-matched obese women with PCOS (age: 27 ± 1 yr, BMI: 41.3 ± 1.1 kg/m-2) were assigned to heat therapy (HT) or time control (CON). HT participants underwent 30 one-hour hot tub sessions over 8-10 wk, while CON participants completed all testing but did not undergo heat therapy. Before (Pre), at the mid-point (Mid), and following (Post) 8-10 wk of heat therapy, metabolic health was assessed using a 2-h oral glucose tolerance test, a subcutaneous abdominal fat biopsy (Pre-Post only), and other blood markers relating to metabolic function. HT participants exhibited improved fasting glucose (Pre: 105 ± 3, Post: 89 ± 5mg/dl; P = 0.001), glucose area under the curve (AUC) (Pre: 18,698 ± 1,045, Post: 16,987 ± 1,017 mg·dl-1·min-1; P = 0.028) and insulin AUC (Pre: 126,924 ± 11,730, Post: 91,233 ± 14,429 IU l-1·min-1; P = 0.012). Adipocyte insulin signaling (p-AKT at Ser-473 with 1.2 nM insulin) increased in HT (Pre: 0.29 ± 0.14, Post: 0.93 ± 0.29 AU; P = 0.021). Additionally, serum testosterone declined in HT participants (Pre: 51 ± 7, Post: 34 ± 4 ng/dl; P = 0.033). No parameters changed over time in CON, and no change in BMI was observed in either group. HT substantially improved metabolic risk profile in obese women with PCOS. HT also reduced androgen excess and may improve PCOS symptomology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett R Ely
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon , Eugene, Oregon
| | - Zachary S Clayton
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon , Eugene, Oregon
| | - Carrie E McCurdy
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon , Eugene, Oregon
| | - Joshua Pfeiffer
- PeaceHealth Medical Group, Oregon Bariatric Center , Springfield, Oregon
| | | | - Lindan N Comrada
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon , Eugene, Oregon
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Wang Z, Dai Z, Luo Z, Zuo C. Identification of Pyrvinium, an Anthelmintic Drug, as a Novel Anti-Adipogenic Compound Based on the Gene Expression Microarray and Connectivity Map. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24132391. [PMID: 31261664 PMCID: PMC6650900 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24132391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a serious health problem, while the current anti-obesity drugs are not very effective. The Connectivity Map (C-Map), an in-silico drug screening approach based on gene expression profiles, has recently been indicated as a promising strategy for drug repositioning. In this study, we performed mRNA expression profile analysis using microarray technology and identified 435 differentially expressed genes (DEG) during adipogenesis in both C3H10T1/2 and 3T3-L1 cells. Then, DEG signature was uploaded into C-Map, and using pattern-matching methods we discovered that pyrvinium, a classical anthelminthic, is a novel anti-adipogenic differentiation agent. Pyrvinium suppressed adipogenic differentiation in a dose-dependent manner, as evidenced by Oil Red O staining and the mRNA levels of adipogenic markers. Furthermore, we identified that the inhibitory effect of pyrvinium was resulted primarily from the early stage of adipogenesis. Molecular studies showed that pyrvinium downregulated the expression of key transcription factors C/EBPa and PPARγ. The mRNA levels of notch target genes Hes1 and Hey1 were obviously reduced after pyrvinium treatment. Taken together, this study identified many differentially expressed genes involved in adipogenesis and demonstrated for the first time that pyrvinium is a novel anti-adipogenic compound for obesity therapy. Meanwhile, we provided a new strategy to explore potential anti-obesity drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zonggui Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhong Dai
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Zhanjiang 524023, Guangdong, China
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhicong Luo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Zhanjiang 524023, Guangdong, China
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Changqing Zuo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Zhanjiang 524023, Guangdong, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China.
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12
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Li H, Yue B. Effects of various antimicrobial agents on multi-directional differentiation potential of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. World J Stem Cells 2019; 11:322-336. [PMID: 31293715 PMCID: PMC6600849 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v11.i6.322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial drugs of several classes play an important role in the treatment of bone and joint infections. In addition to fighting pathogenic microorganisms, the effects of drugs on local tissues and cells are also related to the course and prognosis of bone and joint infections. The multi-directional differentiation potential of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is essential for tissue repair after local injury, which is directly related to the recovery of bone, cartilage, and medullary adipose tissue. Our previous studies and the literature indicate that certain antimicrobial agents can regulate the differentiation potential of bone marrow-derived MSCs. Here, in order to systematically analyze the effects of various antimicrobial drugs on local tissue regeneration, we comprehensively review the studies on the effects of these drugs on MSC differentiation, and classify them according to the three differentiation directions (osteogenesis, chondrogenesis, and adipogenesis). Our review demonstrates the specific effects of different antimicrobial agents on bone marrow-derived MSCs and the range of concentrations at which they work, and provides a basis for drug selection at different sites of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Bing Yue
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
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Andreoli MF, Donato J, Cakir I, Perello M. Leptin resensitisation: a reversion of leptin-resistant states. J Endocrinol 2019; 241:R81-R96. [PMID: 30959481 DOI: 10.1530/joe-18-0606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Leptin resistance refers to states in which leptin fails to promote its anticipated effects, frequently coexisting with hyperleptinaemia. Leptin resistance is closely associated with obesity and also observed in physiological situations such as pregnancy and in seasonal animals. Leptin resensitisation refers to the reversion of leptin-resistant states and is associated with improvement in endocrine and metabolic disturbances commonly observed in obesity and a sustained decrease of plasma leptin levels, possibly below a critical threshold level. In obesity, leptin resensitisation can be achieved with treatments that reduce body adiposity and leptinaemia, or with some pharmacological compounds, while physiological leptin resistance reverts spontaneously. The restoration of leptin sensitivity could be a useful strategy to treat obesity, maintain weight loss and/or reduce the recidivism rate for weight regain after dieting. This review provides an update and discussion about reversion of leptin-resistant states and modulation of the molecular mechanisms involved in each situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- María F Andreoli
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurodevelopment, Institute of Development and Paediatric Research (IDIP), La Plata Children's Hospital and Scientific Research Commission, Province of Buenos Aires (CIC-PBA), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Argentine Research Council (CONICET), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jose Donato
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isin Cakir
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Mario Perello
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Multidisciplinary Institute of Cell Biology (IMBICE, Argentine Research Council (CONICET), National University of La Plata and Scientific Research Commission, Province of Buenos Aires (CIC-PBA)), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Freitas S, Silva NG, Sousa ML, Ribeiro T, Rosa F, Leão PN, Vasconcelos V, Reis MA, Urbatzka R. Chlorophyll Derivatives from Marine Cyanobacteria with Lipid-Reducing Activities. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17040229. [PMID: 30999602 PMCID: PMC6520785 DOI: 10.3390/md17040229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine organisms, particularly cyanobacteria, are important resources for the production of bioactive secondary metabolites for the treatment of human diseases. In this study, a bioassay-guided approach was used to discover metabolites with lipid-reducing activity. Two chlorophyll derivatives were successfully isolated, the previously described 132-hydroxy-pheophytin a (1) and the new compound 132-hydroxy-pheofarnesin a (2). The structure elucidation of the new compound 2 was established based on one- and two-dimensional (1D and 2D) NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Compounds 1 and 2 showed significant neutral lipid-reducing activity in the zebrafish Nile red fat metabolism assay after 48 h of exposure with a half maximal effective concentration (EC50) of 8.9 ± 0.4 µM for 1 and 15.5 ± 1.3 µM for 2. Both compounds additionally reduced neutral lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 multicellular spheroids of murine preadipocytes. Molecular profiling of mRNA expression of some target genes was evaluated for the higher potent compound 1, which indicated altered peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) mRNA expression. Lipolysis was not affected. Different food materials (Spirulina, Chlorella, spinach, and cabbage) were evaluated for the presence of 1, and the cyanobacterium Spirulina, with GRAS (generally regarded as safe) status for human consumption, contained high amounts of 1. In summary, known and novel chlorophyll derivatives were discovered from marine cyanobacteria with relevant lipid-reducing activities, which in the future may be developed into nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Freitas
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
- FCUP, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, University of Porto, Rua do Campo, Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Natália Gonçalves Silva
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Maria Lígia Sousa
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Tiago Ribeiro
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Filipa Rosa
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Pedro N Leão
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
- FCUP, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, University of Porto, Rua do Campo, Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Mariana Alves Reis
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Ralph Urbatzka
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
- FCUP, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, University of Porto, Rua do Campo, Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
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Zgajnar NR, De Leo SA, Lotufo CM, Erlejman AG, Piwien-Pilipuk G, Galigniana MD. Biological Actions of the Hsp90-binding Immunophilins FKBP51 and FKBP52. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9020052. [PMID: 30717249 PMCID: PMC6406450 DOI: 10.3390/biom9020052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunophilins are a family of proteins whose signature domain is the peptidylprolyl-isomerase domain. High molecular weight immunophilins are characterized by the additional presence of tetratricopeptide-repeats (TPR) through which they bind to the 90-kDa heat-shock protein (Hsp90), and via this chaperone, immunophilins contribute to the regulation of the biological functions of several client-proteins. Among these Hsp90-binding immunophilins, there are two highly homologous members named FKBP51 and FKBP52 (FK506-binding protein of 51-kDa and 52-kDa, respectively) that were first characterized as components of the Hsp90-based heterocomplex associated to steroid receptors. Afterwards, they emerged as likely contributors to a variety of other hormone-dependent diseases, stress-related pathologies, psychiatric disorders, cancer, and other syndromes characterized by misfolded proteins. The differential biological actions of these immunophilins have been assigned to the structurally similar, but functionally divergent enzymatic domain. Nonetheless, they also require the complementary input of the TPR domain, most likely due to their dependence with the association to Hsp90 as a functional unit. FKBP51 and FKBP52 regulate a variety of biological processes such as steroid receptor action, transcriptional activity, protein conformation, protein trafficking, cell differentiation, apoptosis, cancer progression, telomerase activity, cytoskeleton architecture, etc. In this article we discuss the biology of these events and some mechanistic aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia R Zgajnar
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental/CONICET, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina.
| | - Sonia A De Leo
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina.
| | - Cecilia M Lotufo
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental/CONICET, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina.
| | - Alejandra G Erlejman
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina.
| | | | - Mario D Galigniana
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental/CONICET, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina.
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina.
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16
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Infante M, Armani A, Mammi C, Fabbri A, Caprio M. Impact of Adrenal Steroids on Regulation of Adipose Tissue. Compr Physiol 2017; 7:1425-1447. [PMID: 28915330 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c160037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Corticosteroids are secreted by the adrenal glands and control the functions of adipose tissue via the activation of mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR). In turn, adipocytes release a large variety of adipokines into the bloodstream, regulating the function of several organs and tissues, including the adrenal glands, hereby controlling corticosteroid production. In adipose tissue, the activation of the MR by glucocorticoids (GC) and aldosterone affects important processes such as adipocyte differentiation, oxidative stress, autophagic flux, adipokine expression as well as local production of GC through upregulation of the enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1). Notably, the proinflammatory responses induced by the MR are counteracted by activation of the GR, whose activity inhibits the expression of inflammatory adipokines. Both GR and MR are deeply involved in adipogenesis and adipose expansion; hence pharmacological blockade of these two receptors has proven effective against adipose tissue dysfunction in experimental models of obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS), suggesting a potential use for MR and GR antagonists in these clinical settings. Importantly, obesity and Cushing's syndrome (CS) share metabolic similarities and are characterized by high levels of circulating corticosteroids, which in turn are able to deeply affect adipose tissue. In addition, pharmacological approaches aimed at reducing aldosterone and GC levels, by means of the inhibition of CYP11B2 (aldosterone synthase) or 11β-HSD1, represent alternative strategies to counter the detrimental effects of excessive levels of corticosteroids, which are often observed in obesity and, more general, in MetS. © 2017 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 7:1425-1447, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Infante
- Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Systems Medicine, CTO A. Alesini Hospital, ASL Roma 2, University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Armani
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Caterina Mammi
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Fabbri
- Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Systems Medicine, CTO A. Alesini Hospital, ASL Roma 2, University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Caprio
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy.,Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, Rome, Italy
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17
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Ramírez NM, Toledo RCL, Moreira MEC, Martino HSD, Benjamin LDA, de Queiroz JH, Ribeiro AQ, Ribeiro SMR. Anti-obesity effects of tea from Mangifera indica L. leaves of the Ubá variety in high-fat diet-induced obese rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 91:938-945. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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18
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Tung CH, Han MS, Qi J. Total control of fat cells from adipogenesis to apoptosis using a xanthene analog. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179158. [PMID: 28582464 PMCID: PMC5459503 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Overcrowded adipocytes secrete excess adipokines and cytokines under stress, which results in a deregulated metabolism. This negative response to stress increases the possibility of obesity and several of its associated diseases, such as cancer and atherosclerosis. Therefore, a reduction in the number of adipocytes may be a rational strategy to relieve the undesired expansion of adipose tissue. A newly synthesized xanthene analog, MI-401, was found to have two distinct effects on the regulation of the adipocyte’s life cycle. MI-401 efficiently down regulated the expression of transcription factors, PPARγ and C/EBPα, and lipogenesis proteins, FAS and FABP4. This down regulation resulted in the inhibition of adipogenesis. Without newly differentiated adipocytes, the total number of adipocytes will not increase. In addition to this inhibitory effect, MI-401 was able to actively kill mature adipocytes. It specifically triggered apoptosis in adipocytes at low micro molar concentration and spared preadipocytes and fibroblasts. These dual functionalities make MI-401 an effective agent in the regulation of the birth and death of adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Hsuan Tung
- Molecular Imaging Innovations Institute, Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Myung Shin Han
- Molecular Imaging Innovations Institute, Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Jianjun Qi
- Department of Translational Imaging, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States of America
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Desarzens S, Faresse N. Adipocyte glucocorticoid receptor has a minor contribution in adipose tissue growth. J Endocrinol 2016; 230:1-11. [PMID: 27106108 DOI: 10.1530/joe-16-0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The glucocorticoids bind and activate both the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) as well as the mineralocorticoid receptor in adipocytes. Despite several studies to determine the function of these two receptors in mediating glucocorticoids effects, their relative contribution in adipose tissue expansion and obesity is unclear. To investigate the effect of GR in adipose tissue function, we generated an adipocyte-specific Gr-knockout mouse model (Gr(ad-ko)). These mice were submitted either to a standard diet or a high-fat high sucrose diet. We found that adipocyte-specific deletion of Gr did not affect body weight gain or adipose tissue formation and distribution. However, the lack of Gr in adipocyte promotes a diet-induced inflammation determined by higher pro-inflammatory genes expression and macrophage infiltration in the fat pads. Surprisingly, the adipose tissue inflammation in Gr(ad-ko) mice was not correlated with insulin resistance or dyslipidemia, but with disturbed glucose tolerance. Our data demonstrate that adipocyte-specific ablation of Gr in vivo may affect the adipose tissue function but not its expansion during a high calorie diet.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nourdine Faresse
- Institute of AnatomyUniversity of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Zurich Center of Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP)University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland National Center of Competence in Research 'Kidney.CH'Zurich, Switzerland
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Cell Models and Their Application for Studying Adipogenic Differentiation in Relation to Obesity: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17071040. [PMID: 27376273 PMCID: PMC4964416 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last several years, the increasing prevalence of obesity has favored an intense study of adipose tissue biology and the precise mechanisms involved in adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis. Adipocyte commitment and differentiation are complex processes, which can be investigated thanks to the development of diverse in vitro cell models and molecular biology techniques that allow for a better understanding of adipogenesis and adipocyte dysfunction associated with obesity. The aim of the present work was to update the different animal and human cell culture models available for studying the in vitro adipogenic differentiation process related to obesity and its co-morbidities. The main characteristics, new protocols, and applications of the cell models used to study the adipogenesis in the last five years have been extensively revised. Moreover, we depict co-cultures and three-dimensional cultures, given their utility to understand the connections between adipocytes and their surrounding cells in adipose tissue.
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21
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Antiadipogenic and proosteogenic effects of luteolin, a major dietary flavone, are mediated by the induction of DnaJ (Hsp40) Homolog, Subfamily B, Member 1. J Nutr Biochem 2016; 30:24-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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22
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Armani A, Marzolla V, Fabbri A, Caprio M. Cellular mechanisms of MR regulation of adipose tissue physiology and pathophysiology. J Mol Endocrinol 2015; 55:R1-10. [PMID: 26272942 DOI: 10.1530/jme-15-0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In addition to the well-documented expression and activity of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) in the kidney, in the last decade research on MR has also revealed its important role in regulating functions of extrarenal tissues, including adipose tissue, where MR is involved in adipocyte fundamental processes such as differentiation, autophagy and adipokine secretion. MR expression is increased in adipose tissue of murine models of obesity and in obese human subjects, suggesting that over-activation of the mineralocorticoid signaling leads to dysfunctional adipocyte and associated metabolic disorders. Notably, pharmacological blockade of MR prevents metabolic dysfunctions observed in obese mice and suggests a potential therapeutic use of MR antagonists in the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome. However, the molecular pathways affected by MR blockade have been poorly investigated. This review summarizes the functions of MR in the adipocyte, discusses potential signaling pathways mediating MR action, and describes post-translational modifications regulating its activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Armani
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, Rome, Italy Endocrinology Unit Department of Systems Medicine, S. Eugenio and CTO A. Alesini Hospitals, University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy University San Raffaele Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Marzolla
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, Rome, Italy Endocrinology Unit Department of Systems Medicine, S. Eugenio and CTO A. Alesini Hospitals, University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy University San Raffaele Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Fabbri
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, Rome, Italy Endocrinology Unit Department of Systems Medicine, S. Eugenio and CTO A. Alesini Hospitals, University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy University San Raffaele Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Caprio
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, Rome, Italy Endocrinology Unit Department of Systems Medicine, S. Eugenio and CTO A. Alesini Hospitals, University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy University San Raffaele Rome, Italy Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, Rome, Italy Endocrinology Unit Department of Systems Medicine, S. Eugenio and CTO A. Alesini Hospitals, University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy University San Raffaele Rome, Italy
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23
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Toneatto J, Charó NL, Galigniana NM, Piwien-Pilipuk G. Adipogenesis is under surveillance of Hsp90 and the high molecular weight Immunophilin FKBP51. Adipocyte 2015; 4:239-47. [PMID: 26451279 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2015.1049401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue plays a central role in the control of energy balance as well as in the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis. It was not until recently that the first evidences of the role of heat shock protein (Hsp) 90 and high molecular weight immunophilin FKBP51 have been described in the process of adipocyte differentiation. Recent reports describe their role in the regulation of PPARγ, a key transcription factor in the control of adipogenesis and the maintenance of the adipocyte phenotype. In addition, novel roles have been uncovered for FKBP51 in the organization of the architecture of the nucleus through its participation in the reorganization of the nuclear lamina. Therefore, the aim of this review is to integrate and discuss the recent advances in the field, with special emphasis on the roles of Hsp90 and FKBP51 in the process of adipocyte differentiation.
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Toneatto J, Charó NL, Naselli A, Muñoz-Bernart M, Lombardi A, Piwien-Pilipuk G. Corticosteroid Receptors, Their Chaperones and Cochaperones: How Do They Modulate Adipogenesis? NUCLEAR RECEPTOR RESEARCH 2014. [DOI: 10.11131/2014/101092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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25
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Taldone T, Ochiana SO, Patel PD, Chiosis G. Selective targeting of the stress chaperome as a therapeutic strategy. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2014; 35:592-603. [PMID: 25262919 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Normal cellular function is maintained by coordinated proteome machinery that performs a vast array of activities. Helping the proteome in such roles is the chaperome, a network of molecular chaperones and folding enzymes. The stressed cell contains, at any time, a complex mixture of chaperome complexes; a majority performs 'housekeeping functions' similarly to non-stressed, normal cells, but a finely-tuned fraction buffers the proteome altered by chronic stress. The stress chaperome is epigenetically distinct from its normal, housekeeping counterpart, providing a basis for its selective targeting by small molecules. We discuss here the development of chaperome inhibitors, and how agents targeting chaperome members in stressed cells are in fact being directed towards chaperome complexes, and their effect is therefore determined by their ability to sample and engage such complexes. A new approach is needed to target and implement chaperome modulators in the investigation of diseases, and we propose that the classical thinking in drug discovery needs adjustment when developing chaperome-targeting drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Taldone
- Program in Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry and Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Stefan O Ochiana
- Program in Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry and Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Pallav D Patel
- Program in Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry and Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Gabriela Chiosis
- Program in Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry and Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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26
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Wheeler MC, Gekakis N. Hsp90 modulates PPARγ activity in a mouse model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Lipid Res 2014; 55:1702-10. [PMID: 24927728 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m048918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a highly prevalent complication of obesity, yet cellular mechanisms that lead to its development are not well defined. Previously, we have documented hepatic steatosis in mice carrying a mutation in the Sec61a1 gene. Here we examined the mechanism behind NAFLD in Sec61a1 mutant mice. Livers of mutant mice exhibited upregulation of Pparg and its target genes Cd36, Cidec, and Lpl, correlating with increased uptake of fatty acid. Interestingly, these mice also displayed activation of the heat shock response (HSR), with elevated levels of heat shock protein (Hsp) 70, Hsp90, and heat shock factor 1. In cell lines, inhibition of Hsp90 function reduced Pparγ signaling and protein levels. Conversely, overexpression of Hsp90 increased Pparγ signaling and protein levels by reducing degradation. This may occur via a physical interaction as Hsp90 and Pparγ coimmunoprecipitated in vivo. Furthermore, inhibition of Hsp90 in Sec61a1 mutant hepatocytes also reduced Pparγ protein levels and signaling. Finally, overexpression of Hsp90 in liver cell lines increased neutral lipid accumulation, and this accumulation was blocked by Hsp90 inhibition. Our results show that the HSR and Hsp90 play an important role in the development of NAFLD, opening new avenues for the prevention and treatment of this highly prevalent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Wheeler
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Nicholas Gekakis
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
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