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Quintas AE, Cuboia N, Cordeiro L, Sarmento A, Azevedo L. Seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus in African blood donors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. EBioMedicine 2024; 105:105210. [PMID: 38941957 PMCID: PMC11260585 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In developing countries, the safety of blood transfusions remains an important public health concern as it is associated with a higher risk of transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs). In this study, we aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of HIV among blood donors in Africa and assess the temporal trends and regional differences within the continent through a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS Seven electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, Scopus, HINARI, Global Index Medicus and Clinical. TRIAL gov) were searched for relevant studies for our research. We included all primary studies that estimated the seroprevalence of HIV among blood donors in Africa with an age population from 16 to 65 years old, without language restrictions, from inception up to March 1st 2024. The pooled seroprevalence was estimated through the DerSimonian-Laird random effects model. The temporal trends and regional differences were assessed through subgroup and meta-regression analysis. FINDINGS We obtained 122 studies that met our inclusion criteria, comprising 7,814,996 blood donors tested for HIV. Sixty-six percent of the studies were from Western and Eastern Africa. The pooled seroprevalence of HIV among blood donors in Africa was 2.66% (95% CI: 2.17-3.20%; I2 = 99.80%, p < 0.01). The highest prevalence was observed in the Central African region, 3.28% (95% CI: 2.57%-4.06%), followed by the Eastern 3.21% (95% CI: 2.12%-4.52%), and the Western 2.66% (95% CI: 1.93%-3.49%) regions. Lower prevalences were observed in the Northern region, 0.57% (95% CI: 0.0%-2.10%), followed by the Southern African region with 0.45% (95% CI: 0.16%-0.86%). We observed a temporal decreased trend of HIV prevalence. INTERPRETATION The prevalence of HIV infection among African blood donors remains high and is not homogeneous across the continent. Efficient measures to strengthen HIV testing and prevent HIV transmission through blood transfusion are needed in Africa. Systematic review protocol registration: PROSPERO CRD42023395616. FUNDING This article was supported by National Funds through FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia,I.P., within CINTESIS, R&D Unit (reference UIDP/4255/2020).
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelina Edna Quintas
- MEDCIDS, Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; CINTESIS@RISE-Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS) & Health Research Network Associated Laboratory (RISE) Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Nelson Cuboia
- MEDCIDS, Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; CINTESIS@RISE-Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS) & Health Research Network Associated Laboratory (RISE) Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Lemuel Cordeiro
- Department of Education Office, Clínica Girassol, Luanda, Angola.
| | - António Sarmento
- CHUSJ, Infectious Diseases Service at the University Hospital Center of São João, Portugal.
| | - Luís Azevedo
- MEDCIDS, Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; CINTESIS@RISE-Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS) & Health Research Network Associated Laboratory (RISE) Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Mohamud AK, Inchon P, Suwannaporn S, Prasert K, Dirie NI. Assessment of prevalence and risk factors associated with Hepatitis B virus infection among blood donors in Mogadishu Somalia. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:690. [PMID: 38438851 PMCID: PMC10913210 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18136-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is transmitted through contaminated blood or bodily fluids. Globally, over 81 million blood units are donated annually, a crucial therapeutic procedure without alternatives. However, blood-borne infections, including HBV, pose a significant hurdle to safe transfusions, especially in HBV-endemic regions like Somalia with limited screening. Therefore, this study aims to estimate the prevalence of Hepatitis B virus infection and identify risk factors associated with it among blood donors in Mogadishu, Somalia. METHOD A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted between February and April 2023. Research tools included a 5-ml blood sample and a structured questionnaire. The presence or absence of HB markers was determined using a multi-HB rapid test and CDC's HB marker interpretation guideline. Logistic regression was used in univariate and multivariate models to identify risk factors associated with HBV infection, with significance set at a p-value < 0.05 in the final model. RESULT A total of 494 blood donors were recruited for this study; 93.9% were male, with a mean age of 31.5 (SD = 8.11). The prevalence of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among blood donors was 9.7%, with a 95% CI of 7.1-12.3. In multivariable logistic regression, those with a monthly income of less than 200 USD (AOR = 5.20, 95% CI = 1.61-16.79), those with an income between 200 and 400 (AOR = 3.59, 95% CI = 1.38-9.34), Jobless blood donors (AOR = 3.78, 95% CI = 1.17-12.20), those in business occupations (AOR = 3.35, 95% CI = 1.24-9.08), those with a history of STDs (AOR = 4.83, 95% CI = 2.03-11.50), those without a history of HB vaccine (AOR = 13.81, 95% CI = 2.46-77.41), those with a history of tooth extraction (AOR = 6.90, 95% CI = 2.66-17.88), and those who shared sharp equipment (AOR = 2.90, 95% CI = 1.07-7.82) were more likely to become infected with the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) compared to their counterparts. CONCLUSION This study highlights a high prevalence of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Implementation efforts against HBV infection should specifically focus on low-income individuals, the jobless, and donors with a history of STD to mitigate the burden of HBV infection and promote safer blood donation. In addition, discouraging the sharing of sharp equipment, improving infection control practices during tooth extraction procedures, and enhancing HB vaccination uptake, particularly among individuals lacking a history of HB vaccine, is highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdirahman Khalif Mohamud
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, SIMAD University, Mogadishu, Somalia
- Department of Public Health, School of Health Science, Mae Fah Luang University, ChiangRai, Thailand
| | - Pamornsri Inchon
- Department of Public Health, School of Health Science, Mae Fah Luang University, ChiangRai, Thailand.
| | - Sirinan Suwannaporn
- Department of Public Health, School of Health Science, Mae Fah Luang University, ChiangRai, Thailand
| | - Kriengkrai Prasert
- Nakhon Phanom Provincial Hospital, Nakhon Phanom, Thailand
- Faculty of Public Health, Kasetsart University, Sakon Nakhon, Thailand
| | - Najib Isse Dirie
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, and Health Sciences, Dr Sumait Hospital, SIMAD University, Mogadishu, Somalia
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Belkacemi M, Merbouh MA. Seroprevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Hepatitis C Virus, and Hepatitis B Virus Among Blood Donors in Sidi Bel Abbes, West Algeria. Cureus 2023; 15:e47066. [PMID: 38022198 PMCID: PMC10644989 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.47066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Blood transfusions can transmit various viruses. Among them, the most common are hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). These viruses can cause fatal and life-threatening diseases. Worldwide, many people are infected with these viruses. Blood safety has made major progress in recent years. Yet, blood-borne viruses continue to be a major concern for patients, physicians, and policymakers. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of HIV, HBV, and HCV in blood donors. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed to assess HIV, HBV, and HCV seropositivity in blood donors. This research was carried out at the blood bank of Sidi Bel Abbes University Hospital. This was a retrospective study based on records of blood donors. All data of 10,386 donors were analyzed from January 2015 to December 2015. Biological screening was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using antibodies and/or antigens. The combined HCV and HIV antigen and antibody ELISA test was utilized. To confirm the results, the blood bank and the virology laboratory used the same technique in duplicate. Results The overall seroprevalence of blood-borne viral infections (HIV, HBV, and HCV) in blood donors was 0.8%. The prevalence of HIV was found to be 0.1%, while the prevalence of HBV and HCV was 0.4%. Coinfection was rare with only one case of HBV with HIV. There was a significant difference in seroprevalence rates among blood donors compared to the general population. Significant variations were observed between the prevalence of this study and those conducted in West, East, Central, and South African countries but not with those of neighboring North African countries. The study found no association between seropositivity in blood donors and factors like age, gender, donor status, type of donation, or site. Besides, HIV, HBV, or HCV prevalence was not influenced by ABO and Rhesus blood group. Conclusion The study showed that blood donors in Algeria have a lower prevalence of blood-borne viral infections than the general population. The seropositivity rate of viral markers was similar throughout North African countries. This rate remained low compared to other African countries. Residual risk of infection persists. There is a need to increase blood safety for recipients. This report is the first comprehensive overview of blood-borne viruses among Algerian blood donors. There is a need for further nationwide studies to get a whole picture of the situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malika Belkacemi
- Hemobiology and Blood Transfusion, University Hospital Establishment of Oran, Oran, DZA
- Medicine, Oran 1 University, Oran, DZA
| | - Mohammed Amine Merbouh
- Epidemiology and Preventive Diseases, Hassani Abdelkader University Hospital, Sidi Bel Abbes, DZA
- Medicine, Djilali Liabès University, Sidi Bel Abbes, DZA
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Shrivastava M, Mishra S, Navaid S. Time Trend and Prevalence Analysis of Transfusion Transmitted Infections among Blood Donors: A Retrospective Study from 2001 to 2016. Indian J Community Med 2023; 48:274-280. [PMID: 37323745 PMCID: PMC10263035 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_231_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Context Transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) remain a major threat to the patients receiving blood. The incidence of the transmission of various infectious agents has reduced ever since the introduction of various molecular techniques for detection. Aims The study tried to figure out accurate estimates of risk and trend of TTI over a period of sixteen years, essential for monitoring the safety of blood supply and evaluating the efficacy of the currently employed screening procedures. Methods and Material A total of 57942 blood donors' records were analyzed for the period from January 2001 to December 2016. Chi-square test (χ2) was used to evaluate the relationship between serological positivity and particular donor characteristics. A P value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Of the 57942 donations, overall prevalence of TTI was 2.7%. Of these, the reactivity rate of hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C, HIV, syphilis, and malaria was 1.8%, 0.42%, 0.2%, 0.31%, and 0.017%, respectively with significant P value (P < 0.05, CI: 95%). Overall prevalence was higher in replacement donors as compared to voluntary blood donors. Trend of TTI prevalence decreased from 2001 to 2016. Conclusions This epidemiological research on TTI is important for the region, as estimated disease burden based on comprehensive epidemiological research provides the foundation for public policy to ensure an easily accessible and adequate supply of safe and quality blood and blood components to the needy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Shrivastava
- Medical Superintendent (MS), All India Institute of Medical Science, Saket Nagar Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Shweta Mishra
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Bhopal Memorial Hospital and Research Centre, Raisen Bye Pass Road, Near Karond Chowk, Bhopal, MP, India
| | - Seema Navaid
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Bhopal Memorial Hospital and Research Centre, Raisen Bye Pass Road, Near Karond Chowk, Bhopal, MP, India
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Prevalence of Treponema Pallidum Antibody among Volunteer Blood Donors in China. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2022; 2022:1668703. [PMID: 35979517 PMCID: PMC9378002 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1668703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Infection with syphilis is still a major public health problem. The precise data for syphilis seroprevalence in the populations will help to develop a strategy for prevention and treatment of it. However, the data for syphilis prevalence in continuous years among volunteer blood donors in China is rare. Methods A retrospective study for Treponema pallidum (TP) antibody in blood donors was conducted from January 2010 to December 2019 at the Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, China. TP antibody was detected with two different reagents using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the only sample which was reactive in the two reagents was defined as seropositive. Results A total of 992,646 volunteer blood donors were analyzed and the positive rate of TP antibody in the blood donors was 0.43%. From 2010 to 2019, the positive rates of TP antibody were 0.53%, 0.51%, 0.51%, 0.43%, 0.36%, 0.18%, 0.11%, 0.12%, 0.11%, and 0.10%, respectively. The positive rates of TP antibody were significantly different among blood donor age group (p < 0.001), with the highest positive rate in 45–54-years-old group (0.93%). The positive rates of TP antibody in male and female blood donors were 0.44% and 0.41%, respectively. The positive rate was 0.57% among the first-time blood donors, which was significantly higher than that of the repeat blood donors (0.17%). The positive rate of TP antibody in blood donors decreased gradually with the increase of educational level. Conclusion The syphilis seroprevalence is low in the blood donors of the Hangzhou area, and the positive rate of blood donors is associated with age, educational level, and times of blood donation. Increasing the number of repeat blood donations is helpful to improve blood safety.
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Wu D, Feng F, Wang X, Wang D, Hu Y, Yu Y, Huang J, Wang M, Dong J, Wu Y, Zhu H, Zhu F. The impact of nucleic acid testing to detect human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C virus, and hepatitis B virus yields from a single blood center in China with 10-years review. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:279. [PMID: 35321684 PMCID: PMC8943971 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07279-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since 2010, the Blood Center of Zhejiang province, China, has conducted a pilot nucleic acid amplification testing (NAT) screening of blood donors for Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Hepatitis C virus (HCV), and Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This study aims to assess the results of NAT testing over 10 years to establish the effects and factors influencing NAT yields of HBV, HCV, and HIV. METHODS Blood donations from seven different blood services were screened for HBV DNA, HCV RNA, and HIV RNA using 6 mini pools (6MP) or individual donation (ID)-NAT method between August 1, 2010, and December 31, 2019, at the NAT centralized screening center. We compared 3 transcription-mediated amplification (TMA) assays and 2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. Further, HBV, HCV, and HIV NAT yields were calculated and donor characteristics and prevalence of HBV NAT yields analyzed. Donors with HCV and HIV NAT yield were also followed up. RESULTS 1916.31 per million donations were NAT screening positive overall. The NAT yields for HBV, HCV, HIV and non-discriminating reactive were 1062.90 per million, 0.97 per million, 1.45 per million, and 850.99 per million, respectively, which varied in the seven blood services and different years. HBV NAT yields were higher than those of HCV and HIV and varied across demographic groups. Risk factors included being male, old age, low education level, and first-time donors. We found no differences in NAT yields of HBV, HCV, and HIV between the 3 TMA and 2 PCR assays; nonetheless, statistically, significant differences were noted between the five assays. CONCLUSION In summary, NAT screening in blood donations reduces the risk of transfusion-transmitted infections and shortens the window period for serological marker screening. Therefore, a sensitive NAT screening method, ID-NAT workflow, and recruitment of regular low-risk donors are critical for blood safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danxiao Wu
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Jianye Road 789, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310052, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research of Zhejiang Province, Jianye Road 789, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310052, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangjun Feng
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Jianye Road 789, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310052, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Jianye Road 789, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310052, People's Republic of China
| | - Dairong Wang
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Jianye Road 789, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310052, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiqin Hu
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Jianye Road 789, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310052, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yu
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Jianye Road 789, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310052, People's Republic of China
| | - Jihong Huang
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Jianye Road 789, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310052, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Wang
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Jianye Road 789, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310052, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Dong
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Jianye Road 789, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310052, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research of Zhejiang Province, Jianye Road 789, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310052, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaling Wu
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Jianye Road 789, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310052, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research of Zhejiang Province, Jianye Road 789, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310052, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hong Zhu
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Jianye Road 789, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310052, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research of Zhejiang Province, Jianye Road 789, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310052, People's Republic of China.
| | - Faming Zhu
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Jianye Road 789, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310052, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research of Zhejiang Province, Jianye Road 789, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310052, People's Republic of China.
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Remakanth R, Basavarajegowda A, Dhodapkar R. Prevalence of dengue NS1 antigenemia among healthy blood donors in a tertiary care hospital in Southern India. Asian J Transfus Sci 2021; 15:140-145. [PMID: 34908744 PMCID: PMC8628248 DOI: 10.4103/ajts.ajts_51_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Transmission of dengue by transfusion of blood products has been documented, although the frequency of these occurrences and the level of viremia required to cause clinical dengue are unknown. The primary objective was to assess the prevalence of dengue NS1 antigen among healthy blood donors at our blood center. METHODOLOGY: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Transfusion Medicine, a tertiary care hospital in South-eastern India, from February 2019 to January 2020. A total of 968 donor samples were included in the study. Dengue NS1 antigen detection was done using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data regarding clinical, epidemiological, and demographic characteristics were collected from the donor questionnaire and records. RESULTS: In the study, the overall prevalence of Dengue NS1 antigen was 0.9%, with nine positive samples among the 968 samples tested. Eight of them were male, and 1 was a female donor. All of them were in the age group <32 years. Half of the positive donors were detected during December-January, the immediate post rainy season in this part of the country. Two-third of the positive donors were from rural areas. CONCLUSION: This study with a 0.9% throws light on the seroepidemiological prevalence of dengue among asymptomatic donors and gives an insight into whether dengue screening is required to be implemented in routine transfusion transmissible infection screening in blood transfusion services and shall assist in devising strategies to be adapted as to improve the blood safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remi Remakanth
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Abhishekh Basavarajegowda
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Rahul Dhodapkar
- Department of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
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Seroprevalence of the Serological Markers of Transfusion-Transmissible Infections among Volunteer Blood Donors of Kosti Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital. MEDICINES 2021; 8:medicines8110064. [PMID: 34822361 PMCID: PMC8619909 DOI: 10.3390/medicines8110064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Transfusion-transmissible infections are well-known global health challenges. The present study is proposed to investigate the seropositivity of anti-HIV1/2, anti-HCV, HBsAg, and anti-T.pallidum among volunteer blood donors of Kosti Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital. Methods: Our study was conducted in a cross-sectional retrospective manner. The data of donors who attended Kosti Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital throughout 2016 to 2018 were reviewed and retrieved manually from blood bank records. Results: Out of 8139 donors, 22.52% were seropositive for serological markers of TTIs and 1.67% were seropositive for at least two serological markers of TTIs. The overall seropositivity rate of anti-HIV1/2, HBsAg, anti-HCV, and anti-T.pallidum was 1.77%, 6.07%, 1.14%, and 11.87%, respectively (p < 0.000). Anti-T.pallidum was the most frequently detected (p < 0.05) marker across all study variables. TTIs seroprevalence was significantly (p < 0.05) varied according to the age, residence, occupations, and blood groups. Notably, there was a rising trend in the rate of anti-HIV1/2 and seropositivity for more than one marker with age (p < 0.000). Regionally, rural area residents had a higher rate of anti-HIV1/2 (2.20%), HBsAg (6.31%), anti-HCV (1.42%), anti-T.pallidum (18.38%), and multiple markers seropositivity (2.28%) compared to urban areas. Between occupations, the highest rate of anti-HIV1/2 (p = 0.483), HBsAg (p = 0.003), anti-HCV (p = 0.408), anti-T.pallidum (p < 0.000), and multiple markers seropositivity (p < 0.000) were detected in farmers. Regarding the screening, we also found that the frequency of anti-T.pallidum was significantly (p = 0.003) higher in donors who carry the AB+ve blood group, whereas anti-HCV (1.83%) was more frequent in donors carry O−ve blood group (p = 0.255). As seen, anti-T.pallidum+HBsAg was the most frequently (1.22%) co-occurring markers. In contrast, anti-T.pallidum+anti-HIV1/2+HBsAg was the lowest frequency one (p < 0.000). Conclusions: The study showed an alarming rate of TTIs, which suggests the requirement for comprehensive surveillance and health education programs.
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Samje M, Fondoh VN, Nguefack-Tsague G, Kamalieuk LK, Mbanya D, Murphy EL, Tagny CT. Trends in serological markers of transfusion transmissible infections in blood donations at the Bamenda Hospital-based Blood Service, Cameroon. Transfus Clin Biol 2021; 28:228-233. [PMID: 34102320 PMCID: PMC8825896 DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2021.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The rate and trend of transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs) in blood donations from 2012 to 2017 at the Bamenda Regional Hospital Blood Service (BRHBS), Cameroon was assessed. MATERIALS AND METHODS A six-year retrospective study was conducted by reviewing the records of donors. Blood was screened for HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C and syphilis. Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 21. Differences in seropositivity rates for the four TTIs were analyzed using Chi2 test or Fisher's exact test where appropriate. Associations between sociodemographic characteristics and the TTIs markers were assessed using multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS A total of 12,115 blood donations was included in the study and of these, the overall seropositivity rate of the four conventional TTIs markers was 10.5% (n=1,273). Of the seropositive cases, 23.8% (n=303) showed reactivity with at least two of the markers combined. When the markers were assessed individually, HBsAg recorded the highest seropositivity rate (4.7%), followed by anti-HIV and anti-syphilis (2.2%), and then by anti-HCV (1.7%). A significant decrease in the trend of the combined serological markers, HBsAg and anti-syphilis was observed over the years (P≤0.05). CONCLUSION There is a decrease in seropositivity rates of TTIs markers in this blood service. Ongoing efforts toward the prevention of these infections is encouraged and should be intensified to improve blood safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moses Samje
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Bamenda, Cameroon,Corresponding author: Moses Samje, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bamenda, Cameroon P. O. Box: 39 Bambili, Cameroon, ; Tel: +237 677679112
| | | | - Georges Nguefack-Tsague
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Cameroon
| | | | - Dora Mbanya
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Bamenda, Cameroon,Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Cameroon
| | - Edward L. Murphy
- University of California San Francisco and Blood System Research Institute, USA
| | - Claude T. Tagny
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Cameroon
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Abebe M, Marga N. Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Syphilis Among Blood Donors at Western Oromia, Ethiopia. J Blood Med 2021; 12:671-677. [PMID: 34349580 PMCID: PMC8326524 DOI: 10.2147/jbm.s310329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Blood transfusion saves lives and improves health, but many patients requiring transfusion do not have timely access to safe blood. Human immunodeficiency virus and syphilis are the commonest transfused transmitted infections and threats to blood recipients. Proper donor selection and screening of the donated blood for major transfusion-transmitted infections evidently reduced challenge in blood safety. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the sero-prevalence HIV and syphilis infections among blood donors at East Wollega, West Ethiopia. Patients and Methods A five-year (from January 2015 to December 2019) retrospective study was conducted by reviewing blood donor laboratory test results from Nekemte blood bank which is serving hospitals in Western Oromia. Blood donor data were analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20 software. Results The total of 17,810 individual’s blood was screened during the study period. The overall prevalence of HIV, syphilis, and their co-infection was 222 (1.25%), 142 (0.80%), and 5 (0.03%), respectively. The prevalence of HIV was associated with unmarried (AOR: 2.4; 95% CI: 1.5, 5.2), male (AOR: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.5, 2.9), and blood donors resident in a rural area (AOR: 1.5; 95% CI: 1.5, 5.9). Besides, the prevalence of syphilis was associated with education, age, marital status and residence of study participant. Conclusion In the current study, the sero-prevalence of HIV and syphilis among blood donors was low, when it was compared to other sub-Saharan Africa country. However, to ensure the health of all recipients screening blood using standard methods is highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milkias Abebe
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Wollega University, Nekemte, Oromia, Ethiopia
| | - Nagasa Marga
- Department Medical Laboratory, Bako Hospital, Bako, Oromia, Ethiopia
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11
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Azadbakht M, Ardakani MT, Delirakbariazar M, Kasraian L, Khaledi A, Foruozandeh H, Salah A, Maleki F, Eshraghi M. Seroprevalence and Trend of HBV, HCV, and HIV Infections among Blood Donors of Fars Province, Iran (2006-2018). Ethiop J Health Sci 2021; 30:397-408. [PMID: 32874083 PMCID: PMC7445945 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v30i3.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Blood transfusion is a life-saving procedure; millions of lives are saved each year. However, blood transfusions are associated with certain risks that can lead to adverse consequences. This study aimed to survey the prevalence and trend of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among blood donors of Fars province, Iran (2006–2018). Methods This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted by reviewing the records of the blood transfusion organization of Fars province. A total of 1952478 blood units were screened for transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs). Then, data were entered into SPSS software (Negare. version 25). Chi-square test was used to compare the sof TTIs among blood donors. Chisquare test for trend was used to analyze the variations in trends of TTIs during this period. Finally, p-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. GraphPad Prism software was used for the depiction of the graphs. Results Among the 1952478 blood donations within the 13-years, 4479(0.229 %) of donors were HBsAg, HCV Ab, and HIV Ag-Ab positive. The seroprevalence of HBV, HCV, and HIV was 2684(0.137%), 1703(0.087 %), and 92(0.0047%), respectively. Conclusion The current study showed that the overall prevalence of TTIs among blood donors was low and had a descending trend over the years of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Azadbakht
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Iran
| | - Masoud Torabi Ardakani
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Iran
| | | | - Leila Kasraian
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Iran
| | - Azad Khaledi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Iran.,Infectious Diseases Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR Iran
| | - Hossein Foruozandeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Gerash University of Medical Sciences, Iran.,Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Iran
| | - Alireza Salah
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Maleki
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Iran.,Paramedical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
| | - Mohsen Eshraghi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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12
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Emadi B, Ghahraman Rezaieh M, Sedighi M. Seroprevalence and trends of transfusion transmissible infections among retrospective blood donors in Western Azerbaijan Regional Blood Transfusion Center, Iran: A ten-years evaluation. Transfus Apher Sci 2021; 60:103132. [PMID: 33846093 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2021.103132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs) have been a public health challenge for the accessibility, quality and safety of blood transfusion. The present study aimed to consider the prevalence and the trends of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and syphilis across the ten years among retrospective blood donors. A retrospective investigation of blood donors' data covering the period from 22 May 2009 to 22 May 2019 was done. Data was accumulated and analyzed from Blood Transfusion Center records, pertaining to all donors who were screened for various TTIs using respective immunological techniques. Out of the 682,171 screened donors in the 2009-2019 study period, 2470 (0.36 %) were infected with at least one infectious agent. The overall prevalence of HBV, HCV, HTLV-1, HIV and syphilis were 1700 (0.25 %), 184 (0.027 %), 335 (0.05 %), 4 (0.0.05 %) and 247 (0.036 %), respectively. The study showed male dominated donor pool (96.79 %) with higher prevalence (0.34 %) of TTIs compared to female donors (0.02 %) with 3.21 % population. Despite the low prevalence of TTIs in our study, HBV, HCV, syphilis and HIV have remained a big threat to safe blood transfusion in Iran. Strict adherence to selection criteria, algorithm of donor screening, use of highly sensitive and specific methods for detection of TTIs, regular consultation and health education programs, prevention and sanitization strategies to reduce the risk of TTIs are recommended to reduce the risk of TTIs and ensure the safety of blood transfusion for recipient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Emadi
- Azarbaijan-Gharbi Regional Blood Transfusion Center, Urmia, Iran.
| | | | - Mansour Sedighi
- Azarbaijan-Gharbi Regional Blood Transfusion Center, Urmia, Iran; Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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13
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Abebe M, Alemnew B, Biset S. Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis C Virus Among Blood Donors in Nekemte Blood Bank, Western Oromia, Ethiopia: Retrospective 5 Years Study. J Blood Med 2020; 11:543-550. [PMID: 33408547 PMCID: PMC7780986 DOI: 10.2147/jbm.s282099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus are the greatest threats to blood safety for the recipient. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence and trends of HBV and HCV infections among blood donors over a period of 5 years at Nekemte blood bank, Ethiopia. Methods A retrospective study was conducted from January 2015 to December 2019 at Nekemte blood bank. The recorded blood donors' history and laboratory tests were reviewed by data collectors analyzed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20 software. A p-value of less than 0.005 was considered statistically significant. Results A total of 17,810 consecutive blood donors were screened between January 2015 and December 2019. The seroprevalence of HBV and HCV was 3.06% and 0.64%, respectively. The prevalence of HBV was significantly associated with male (AOR: 2.51; 95% CI: 1.17, 2.91), unmarried (AOR: 2.81; 95% CI: 1.79, 2.51) and rural (AOR: 2.11; 95% CI: 1.17, 3.05) blood donors. The prevalence of HCV was significantly associated with blood donor those were male (AOR: 3.01; 95% CI: 1.17, 3.91), within 45-65 years of age (AOR: 3.56: 95% CI: 1.14, 3.99) and unmarried (AOR: 3.14; 95% CI: 1.65, 3.96). Conclusion The current study shows the prevalence of hepatitis B virus was higher among study participants. However, the prevalence of HCV was low compared to the study conducted in other countries in Africa, a substantial percentage of the blood donors harbor HCV infections. Therefore, it is recommended to increase awareness of people (particularly on unmarried, male and rural resident) on modes of transmission and prevention of infection could help in reducing the burden of both HBV and HCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milkias Abebe
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
| | - Birhan Alemnew
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Wolidia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Sirak Biset
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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14
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Kebede E, Getnet G, Enyew G, Gebretsadik D. Transfusion Transmissible Infections Among Voluntary Blood Donors at Dessie Blood Bank, Northeast Ethiopia: Cross-Sectional Study. Infect Drug Resist 2020; 13:4569-4576. [PMID: 33376363 PMCID: PMC7762780 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s287224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of transfusion transmitted infections (TTIs) among blood donors varies across different geographical populations. Establishing the sero-prevalence of the disease among blood donors is important to informing the direction of preventive and control strategies. Objective The aim of this study was to determine the sero-prevalence of transfusion transmitted infections among voluntarily blood donors at Dessie Blood Bank, North East Ethiopia. Methods and Materials A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 10 to December 12, 2018. A total of 384 blood donors were conveniently included in this study. Socio-demographic data and other factors were collected using a pre-tested structured questionnaire. Five milliliters of venous blood was collected using a sterile test tube from each blood donor and the blood was allowed to clot; then, serum was separated by centrifugation for laboratory investigation. Serum samples from blood donors were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) for the presence of hepatits B surface antigen (HBsAg), and antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1/2), hepatits C virus (HCV), and Treponema pallidum. Logistic regression was used to explore risk factors associated with each transfusion transmissible infection. Results From a total of 384 blood donors, 24 (6.25%) of them had serological evidence for at least one infection. The overall sero-prevalence rates of HBV, HCV, HIV, and syphilis among blood donors were 4.2%, 0%, 0.26%, and 1.82%, respectively. Educational status was significantly associated with HBV infection. Multiple sexual behaviors had statistically significant association with syphilis. Conclusion In conclusion, 6.25% of blood donors still harbor transfusion transmissible infections despite recent blood donation safety improvements with the greater majority (4.2%) of cases caused by HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edosa Kebede
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Gashaw Getnet
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Family Guidance Association of Ethiopia, Dessie Branch, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Getie Enyew
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Dr. Mehretie Children's Speciality Clinic, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Daniel Gebretsadik
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
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15
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Ahmed EB, Essa AA, Almugadam BS, Ahmed QM, Hussein MM. Transfusion transmitted infections among male blood donors of White Nile State, Sudan: Screening of the current seroprevalence and distribution. BMC Res Notes 2020; 13:549. [PMID: 33256839 PMCID: PMC7708122 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-05333-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Our study planned to investigate the current positivity rate and distribution of the serologic markers of TTIs among male blood donors of the White Nile state, Sudan. Results The overall reported seropositive cases of TTIs was 15.91%, and percentages of anti-Human immunodeficiency virus 1/2 (anti-HIV1/2), Hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBVsAg), anti-Hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV), and anti-Treponema palladium (anti-T. palladium) were 2.61%, 5.57%, 1.40%, and 5.72%, respectively. Out of 10897 donors examined, 0.59% had a serological sign of multiple infections. Furthermore, the odds of testing positive for TTIs were higher in the 28–37 age group (OR: 2.620, 95% CI: 2.324–2.955) and lower in the 38–47 age group (OR: 0.671, 95% CI: 0.567–0.794) compared to individuals of 18–27 years old. Likewise, it is more in individuals of Kosti (OR: 1.122, 95% CI: 0.987–1.277) and Rabak (OR: 1.354, 95% CI: 1.188-1.543) localities compared to Al Douiem locality. Anti-HIV/anti-T. palladium (27.70%) and anti-HIV/HBVsAg (23.07%) were the most frequently detected serologic markers of co-infections, P = 0.002.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elnaim Bushra Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of El Imam El Mahdi, Kosti, Sudan. .,Department of Medical Laboratory Investigations, Kosti Police Hospital, Kosti, Sudan.
| | - Areej Ahmed Essa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of El Imam El Mahdi, Kosti, Sudan
| | - Babiker Saad Almugadam
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of El Imam El Mahdi, Kosti, Sudan. .,Deparment of Microecology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| | - Qawaeid Mohamed Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of El Imam El Mahdi, Kosti, Sudan
| | - Mofeeda Mohammed Hussein
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of El Imam El Mahdi, Kosti, Sudan
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16
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Waheed U, Noor FA, Saba N, Wazeer A, Qasim Z, Arshad M, Karimi S, Farooq A, Usman J, Zaheer HA. Genetic Diversity of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 in Asymptomatic Blood Donors in Islamabad, Pakistan. J Lab Physicians 2020; 12:92-97. [PMID: 32905360 PMCID: PMC7467833 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1716593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective
The serological testing of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is mandatory under the blood safety legislation of Pakistan; hence, data exist on the prevalence of HIV in blood donors. However, little is known about the molecular epidemiology of HIV in the blood donor population. Therefore, the current study was designed to study the genetic diversity of HIV-1 infection in a population of apparently healthy treatment-naive blood donors in Islamabad, Pakistan.
Material and Methods
A total of 85,736 blood donors were tested for HIV by the chemiluminescence immunoassay. All positive donor samples were analyzed for the presence of various HIV genotypes (types and subtypes). Viral ribonucleic acid was extracted from blood samples of HIV positive donors and reverse transcribed into complementary deoxyribonucleic acid (cDNA). The cDNA of all positive donors was then analyzed for the presence of various HIV genotypes (types and subtypes) by employing subtype-specific primers in a nested polymerase chain reaction. The amplified products were run on ethidium bromide-stained 2% agarose gel and visualized using a ultraviolet transilluminator. A particular subtype was assigned to a sample if the subtype-specific reaction made a band 20% highly intense compared with the band made by the subtype-independent reaction.
Results
A total of 85,736 blood donors were screened for the presence of antibodies to HIV. Out of them, 114 were initially found reactive for HIV. The repeat testing resulted in 112 (0.13%) positive donors, 95% confidence interval 0.0014 (0.0011–0.0018). These 112 samples were analyzed for molecular typing of HIV-1. The predominant HIV-1 subtype was A (
n
= 101) (90.1%) followed by subtype B (
n
= 11) (9.9%).
Conclusion
These findings are key to understand the diversified HIV epidemic at the molecular level and should assist public health workers in implementing measures to lessen the further dissemination of these viruses in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman Waheed
- Department of Pathology and Transfusion Medicine, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Islamabad Blood Transfusion Authority, Ministry of National Health Services, Government of Pakistan, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Farooq Ahmed Noor
- Department of Pathology and Transfusion Medicine, Divisional Headquarters Teaching Hospital, Mirpur, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Noore Saba
- Department of Health, Peshawar Regional Blood Centre, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Akhlaaq Wazeer
- Department of Pathology and Transfusion Medicine, Divisional Headquarters Teaching Hospital, Mirpur, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Zahida Qasim
- Department of Pathology and Transfusion Medicine, Divisional Headquarters Teaching Hospital, Mirpur, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arshad
- Department of Biological Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saira Karimi
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Farooq
- Department of Biological Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Javaid Usman
- Department of Pathology, Army Medical College, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Hasan Abbas Zaheer
- Department of Pathology and Transfusion Medicine, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Safe Blood Transfusion Programme, Ministry of National Health Services, Government of Pakistan, Islamabad, Pakistan
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17
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Xu T, Yi ZM, Luo JM, Yu HL, Fan YH, Lu H, Zhao SM, Jiang TL. Prevalence and trends of transfusion-transmittable infections among blood donors in Southwest China. J Public Health (Oxf) 2020; 41:55-61. [PMID: 29351630 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdx189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high prevalence of transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) is causing serious harm to human health worldwide. The aim of this research was to assess the prevalence and influencing factors of TTIs in Southwest China. METHODS A retrospective study of blood donor records from January 2008 to December 2015 was conducted. All samples were screened for HBV, HCV, HIV and syphilis. The donor's data was recorded and analyzed statistically using SPSS software. RESULTS We revealed that the prevalence of TTIs showed a decreasing trend from 2.39 to 1.98%, and this was slightly lower than that in other regions of China. Syphilis infection was the most serious issue among blood donors in Southwest China, which demonstrated a significantly higher rate than that in other areas of China. The high infection rate of the female and farmer groups in rural regions is worth noting. The logistic regression model showed that age, occupation and donor category was the influential factors for TTIs. CONCLUSIONS The overall prevalence of TTIs demonstrated a decreasing trend from 2008 to 2015 in Southwest China, but there is still a sufficient threat to blood safety, and more efforts are needed to further guarantee blood safety in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xu
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhong-Mei Yi
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun-Mei Luo
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, China
| | - He-Lian Yu
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, China
| | - Ya-Han Fan
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Lu
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, China
| | - Shu-Ming Zhao
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, China
| | - Tian-Lun Jiang
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, China
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18
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Chimungu B, Fu M, Wu J, Wu J, Huang L, Dai Y, Tang S, Zhang J, Wan C. Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among foreigners living in Guangzhou, China: a cross-sectional study (2010-2017). BMC Infect Dis 2020; 20:345. [PMID: 32410628 PMCID: PMC7222532 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-020-04995-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of HIV/HCV/HBV/ Treponema pallidum is an essential health issue in China. However, there are few studies focused on foreigners living in China. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and socio-demographic distribution of HIV, HBV, HCV, and T. pallidum among foreigners in Guangzhou in the period of 2010-2017. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted to screen serological samples of 40,935 foreigners from 2010 to 2017 at the Guangdong International Travel Health Care Center in Guangzhou. Samples were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), anti-HCV, syphilis antibody (anti-TPPA) and anti-HIV 1 and 2. We collected secondary data from laboratory records and used multiple logistic regression analyses to verify the association between different factors and the seroprevalence of HIV/HBV/HCV/ T. pallidum. RESULTS The prevalence of HBV/HCV/HIV/ T. pallidum was 2.30, 0.42, 0.02, and 0.60%, respectively, and fluctuated slightly for 7 years. The results of multiple logistic regression showed that males were less susceptible to HBV than females (odds ratio [OR] = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.67-0.89). Participants under the age of 20 had a lower risk of HBV (OR = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.18-0.35), HCV (OR = 0.06, 95% CI: 0.02-0.18), and T. pallidum (OR = 0. 10, 95% CI: 0.05-0.20) than participants over the age of 50. Participants with an education level below high school were more likely to have HBV (OR = 2.98, 95% CI: 1.89-4.70) than others, and businessmen (OR = 3.02, 95% CI: 2.03-4.49), and designers (OR = 3.83, 95% CI: 2.49-5.90) had a higher risk of T. pallidum than others. Co-infection involved 58 (4.20%) total cases, and the highest co-infection rate was observed for HBV and T. pallidum (2.60%). CONCLUSION The prevalence of HBV/HCV/HIV/ T. pallidum was low among foreigners in Guangzhou. Region, gender, age, educational level, and occupation were risk factors for positive infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benard Chimungu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Muqing Fu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Clinical laboratory, Guangdong International Travel Health Care Center, Guangzhou, 510635, China
| | - Jiali Wu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Liping Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingchun Dai
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Shixing Tang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianming Zhang
- Clinical laboratory, Guangdong International Travel Health Care Center, Guangzhou, 510635, China.
| | - Chengsong Wan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China. .,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research of Guangdong Province, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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19
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Ye X, Li T, Zhang R, Liu H, Zeng J, Hong W, Lu L, Zhu W, Li S, Xu M, Wu S, Chen L. Comprehensive analysis of hepatitis B virus infections in blood donors in southern China that are surface antigen positive but nucleic acid testing negative. Transfusion 2020; 60:1476-1482. [PMID: 32358842 DOI: 10.1111/trf.15824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the major concerns for the safety of blood transfusion in high-prevalent countries such as in China. Prior studies outside of China have shown hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) false-reactive rate of 0.02% to 0.04%. Similarly, false-negative HBsAg and HBV DNA results may occur in infected donors. Our study analyzed HBsAg enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-reactive but NAT-negative donations in Shenzhen Blood Center, China. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS HBsAg ELISA-positive/NAT-negative plasma samples identified from screening 101,025 donations during 2017-2018 were analyzed by molecular and serologic tests including neutralization, chemiluminescence immunoassays, and various HBV DNA amplification assays. Molecular characterizations of HBsAg-positive/NAT-negative samples were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and nested PCR amplification of the basic core and precore promotor regions (295 base pairs) and HBsAg (S) region (496 base pairs). RESULTS Screening of 101,025 eligible blood donations identified 157 (0.16%, 95% confidence interval, 0.13%-0.18%) HBsAg ELISA-positive/NAT-negative plasma samples; of those, 71 (45.2%) were HBsAg confirmed positive by further HBsAg testing and DNA positive by molecular tests with increased sensitivity. Of the 71, all but one was antibody to hepatitis B core antigen reactive without antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen, yielding one recent (window-period) HBV infection. Of the remaining donations, 80 (51%) were not considered as HBV-infected donors, and 6 (3.8%) were interpreted as indeterminate since HBsAg results were discordant with unconfirmed HBV DNA results. In the 71 confirmed positives, HBsAg levels ranged from 0.05 to 400 IU/mL and HBV DNA from 6 to 2654 IU/mL; however, the correlation between the two was weak (R2 = 0.24). CONCLUSION Fewer than half of HBsAg ELISA-positive/NAT-negative samples were confirmed as HBsAg positive. Our study demonstrates that in highly HBV-endemic countries, assays with high sensitivity and specificity may be required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianlin Ye
- Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Tong Li
- Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruohao Zhang
- Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Heng Liu
- Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinfeng Zeng
- Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenxu Hong
- Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Liang Lu
- Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Weigang Zhu
- Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shilin Li
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Transfusion-transmitted Infectious Diseases, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Min Xu
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Transfusion-transmitted Infectious Diseases, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shaobo Wu
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Transfusion-transmitted Infectious Diseases, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Limin Chen
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Transfusion-transmitted Infectious Diseases, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Alabdulmonem W, Shariq A, Alqossayir F, AbaAlkhail FM, Al-Musallam AY, Alzaaqi FO, Aloqla AA, Alodhaylah SA, Alsugayyir AH, Aldoubiab RK, Alsamaany AN, Alhammad SH, Rasheed Z. Sero-prevalence ABO and Rh blood groups and their associated Transfusion-Transmissible Infections among Blood Donors in the Central Region of Saudi Arabia. J Infect Public Health 2020; 13:299-305. [PMID: 31953019 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2019.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Screening of blood products is considered a mandatory protocol implemented in health care facilities in order to reduce the onset of transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs). This study was aimed to determine the sero-prevalence of ABO and Rh blood groups and their associated TTIs among blood donors in the Central Region of Saudi Arabia. METHODS This was retrospective study performed on the blood donors' records from March 2017 to December 2018 at Buraidah Central Hospital Blood Bank. Study was conducted on a total of 4590 blood donors. ABO and Rh typing was performed.The blood samples were also screened serologically for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), anti-hepatitis B core total antibodies (anti-HBc total), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV), human T-lymphotrophic virus-1 (HTLV-1) and veneral disease research laboratory test(VDRL) for syphilis. RESULTS Out of 4590 blood donors, O positive blood group was found to be highest (42%), followed by A positive (23.4%), B positive (20.9%), O negative (5.45%), AB positive (3.4%), A negative (2.8%), B negative (2.1%) and AB negative (0.5%). Moreover, total number of Rh-negative donors was significantly lowered as compared with Rh-positive. Seroreactive tests were found to be positive in only 1.002% of all studied donors and mainly found in male donors. Among TTI, anti-HBc total was the highest (0.784%), followed by HBsAg, HCV, VDRL and TPHA. Whereas all tested donors were found to be negative for HIV infections. CONCLUSIONS The information collected for the frequency of ABO blood phenotypic groups has a vital significance in establishing a simple blood group database. This study clearly determined significantly lower rate of seropositive TTIs among the studied blood donors but still steps are needed to improve the knowledge and to prevent the seropositive occurrence of TTIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed Alabdulmonem
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Shariq
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fuhaid Alqossayir
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad M AbaAlkhail
- Research Center, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Faisal O Alzaaqi
- Research Center, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Azzam H Alsugayyir
- Research Center, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rayan K Aldoubiab
- Research Center, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Saleh H Alhammad
- Research Center, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zafar Rasheed
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia.
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21
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Salem I, Alshaikh H, Elhassan HAE. Demographic variations between blood donors and nondonors attending primary health care centers in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 2018–2019: a cross-sectional study. AL-AZHAR ASSIUT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/azmj.azmj_160_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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22
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Shi L, Liu Y, Wang J, Zeng P, Gao Z, Wang S, Fu P, Liu J, Mao W, He W, Ma H, Huang M, Wan J, Liao D, Brambilla D, Sullivan M, Zou S, Ness P, He M, Shan H. HIV prevalence and incidence estimates among blood donors in five regions in China. Transfusion 2019; 60:117-125. [PMID: 31845344 DOI: 10.1111/trf.15636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous data, although scant, indicated that the incidence of HIV in China has increased over the past decade. There is a growing concern about the impact of the HIV epidemic on blood safety. METHODS AND MATERIALS We used donation data from five geographically-disperse blood centers in 2013-2016 participating in the Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation Study-III (REDS-III) China program to estimate HIV prevalence and incidence among blood donors. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to examine factors associated with HIV infection in Chinese blood donors. RESULTS The overall HIV prevalence among first-time donors from 2013 through 2016 was 68.04 per 100,000 donors (95% CI 61.68-74.40). The HIV incidence rate was estimated to be 37.93 per 100,000 person-years (95% CI 30.62-46.97) among first-time donors and 20.55 per 100,000 person-years (95% CI 16.95-24.91) among repeat donors. There was substantial variation in HIV prevalence and incidence rates across blood centers. Multivariable logistic regression results showed that among first-time donors, being male, older than 25 years, minority ethnicity, less than college education, and certain occupations (commercial services, factory workers, retired, unemployed, or self-employed) were associated with positive HIV confirmatory testing results. CONCLUSION HIV prevalence and incidence among blood donors remain low in the selected five regions in China; however, an increasing trend is observed at some blood centers. It is important to monitor HIV epidemiology in Chinese blood donors on a continuous basis, especially among populations and regions of higher risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Shi
- University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yu Liu
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Jingxing Wang
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Peibin Zeng
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Zhan Gao
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Shaoli Wang
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Ping Fu
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Wei Mao
- Chongqing Blood Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Weilan He
- Guangxi Blood Center, Liuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hongli Ma
- Luoyang Blood Center, Luoyang, P. R. China
| | - Mei Huang
- Mianyang Blood Center, Mianyang, China
| | | | - Dan Liao
- RTI International, Rockville, Maryland
| | | | | | - Shimian Zou
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Paul Ness
- The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Miao He
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Hua Shan
- Stanford University, Stanford, California
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Hashemi S, Maghsudlu M, Nasizadeh S, Esmaielifar G, Pourfathollah AA. Effective ways to retain first‐time blood donors: a field‐trial study. Transfusion 2019; 59:2893-2898. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.15404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Hashemi
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine Tehran Iran
| | - Mahtab Maghsudlu
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine Tehran Iran
| | - Soheila Nasizadeh
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine Tehran Iran
| | - Gilda Esmaielifar
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine Tehran Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Pourfathollah
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine Tehran Iran
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24
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Negash M, Ayalew M, Geremew D, Workineh M. Seroprevalence and associated risk factors for HIV, Hepatitis B and C among blood Donors in South Gondar District blood Bank, Northwest Ethiopia. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:430. [PMID: 31096921 PMCID: PMC6524212 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-4051-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the undeniable significance of blood transfusion in saving a millions life in emergencies and medical treatment, the quality of blood faced challenges from transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) such as HIV (human immunodeficiency virus), HBV (hepatitis B virus) and HCV (hepatitis C virus). This cross-sectional study was undertaken with the aim of determining the seroprevalence and risk factors of HIV, HBV, and HCV among blood donors. Methods An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted at Debre Tabor district hospital from January 2017 to February 2018. Blood samples from volunteer donors collected; serum separated and screened with ELISA tests for detection of anti-HIV, hepatitis-B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HCV. Fishers’ exact test was employed to see the association between variables as well logistic regression tests were applied to identify potential risk factors. P-value of less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Result A total of 310 volunteer donors were included in the study. The proportion of blood donors having at least one viral-TTI was 12.6% while the magnitudes of HIV, HBV, and HCV were 2.6, 5.8 and 4.2%, respectively. Educational status and multiple sexual behaviors are significantly associated with HIV acquisition whilst marital status was significantly associated with HBsAg seropositivity. Conclusion Seroprevalence of transfusion-transmissible infections was high and alarming therefore proper screening of donated blood with test methods having better diagnostic performance should be employed. Also encouragement of blood donation from voluntary donors and creating awareness on the general public regarding HIV, HBsAg and HCV transmission and prevention should be strengthen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markos Negash
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, University of Gondar, P O Box-196, Gondar, Northwest, Ethiopia.
| | - Moges Ayalew
- Debre Tabor Hospital, Debre Tabor, Northwest, Ethiopia
| | - Demeke Geremew
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, University of Gondar, P O Box-196, Gondar, Northwest, Ethiopia
| | - Meseret Workineh
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, University of Gondar, P O Box-196, Gondar, Northwest, Ethiopia
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25
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Ataro Z, Urgessa F, Wasihun T. Prevalence and Trends of Major Transfusion Transmissible Infections among Blood Donors in Dire Dawa Blood bank, Eastern Ethiopia: Retrospective Study. Ethiop J Health Sci 2019; 28:701-710. [PMID: 30607086 PMCID: PMC6308748 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v28i6.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acquisition of transfusion transmissible infections in the process of therapeutic blood transfusion is a major global health challenge in transfusion medicine. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and trends of major transfusion transmissible infections among blood donors. Method A retrospective analysis of consecutive blood donors' records covering the period between July 2010 and June 2013 was conducted at Dire Dawa Blood Bank, Eastern Ethiopia. Result A total of 6376 blood donors were tested, out of which 5647(88.57%) were replacement donors and 729(11.43%) were voluntary donors. The majority of them were male, 5430(85.16%), and aged between 18–32 years, 4492(70.45%). A total of 450(7.06%) donors had serological evidence of infection with at least one pathogen. The overall positivity rates of HBV, HIV, HCV and syphilis were 4.67%, 1.24%, 0.96%, and 0.44% respectively. Trends for transfusion-transmissible infections showed a significant decrease from 9.51% in 2010 to 6.95% in 2013 with the least prevalence in 2012 (5.90%) (P = 0.004). The prevalence of transfusion transmissible infections was significantly higher among male blood donors compared to female donors, among the age group of 25–32 years and 33–40 years compared to the age group of 18–24 years old, and among unemployed and private workers compared to students. Conclusion A significant percentage of the blood donors harbor transfusion-transmissible infections. Stringent donor selection using standard methods is highly recommended to ensure the safety of blood for the recipient. Furthermore, efforts on motivating and creating awareness in the community are required to increase voluntary blood donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zerihun Ataro
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Fekadu Urgessa
- School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Tagesachew Wasihun
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.,School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Shiferaw E, Tadilo W, Melkie I, Shiferaw M. Sero-prevalence and trends of transfusion-transmissible infections among blood donors at Bahir Dar district blood bank, northwest Ethiopia: A four year retrospective study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214755. [PMID: 30973906 PMCID: PMC6459493 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Blood transfusion is an effective treatment for saving millions of lives even though transfusion- transmissible infections are the major problem. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the sero-prevalence and trend of transfusion-transmissible infections among blood donors. Methods A retrospective study was conducted form July 2014 to June 2018 at Bahir Dar district blood bank. Descriptive statistics was presented using percentages, medians and interquartile ranges. Logistic regression was used to explore risk factors associated with each transfusion transmissible infections. Result From a total of 35,435 blood donors 2130 (6.0%) of them had serological evidence for at least one infection and 50 (0.14%) of them were confirmed as having multiple infections. The overall sero-prevalence of HBV, HCV, HIV and syphilis was 230 (6.0%) with 3.9%, 0.6%, 0.5% and 1.2% respectively. From those who had co-infection majority of them 22 (44.0%) were attributed to HBV-Syphilis co-infection and 1 (2.0%) study participant was co-infected with HBV-HIV- Syphilis infection. There was an increment in the overall prevalence of transfusion-transmissible infection;183 in 2014/2015 to 624 in 2017/2018. The sero-prevalence of HBV show a significant increment tend with respect to year of donation. On the other hand HCV and HIV sero-prevalence show an increasing trend from 2014 and decrease in 2018. The sero-prevalence of syphilis was 67 (1.3%) in 2015 and duplicate in 2016, 138 (1.5) but subsequently decrease to 110 (1.1%) in 2017 and in 2018 it was 114 (1.0%). Conclusion and recommendations His finding showed growing evidence in the burden of transfusion-transmissible infection in blood donors despite which requires advanced and vigilance screening of donated blood prior to transfusion. More over there should be strategies for monitoring the implementation of post donation counseling for recruitment and retention of safe regular donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Shiferaw
- Department of Hematology and Immunohematology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | | | - Iyasu Melkie
- Bahir Dar District Blood Bank, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
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Keleta YT, Achila OO, Haile AW, Gebrecherkos BH, Tesfaldet DT, Teklu KS, Mohammed MA, Ghedel ST. Seroprevalence of transfusion transmitted infections among blood donors in Gash Barka Zonal Blood Transfusion Center, Barentu, Eritrea, 2014 through 2017. BMC HEMATOLOGY 2019; 19:5. [PMID: 30911398 PMCID: PMC6417238 DOI: 10.1186/s12878-019-0136-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Background Transfusion-transmissible infections pose a major health risk in developing countries, including Eritrea. In the present study, we sought to determine the prevalence of specific transfusion transmitted infections (TTIs) and the associated risk factors among blood donors at a newly established regional blood transfusion center in Barentu, Eritrea. Methods The seroprevalence of markers for specific TTIs by sex, age, educational status, residence, occupation, and donor type was evaluated for donors who donated blood between July 2014 and April 2017. The relationship between TTIs and the stated factors was evaluated using the Pearson Chi-square test/Fishers exact test. Adjusted and unadjusted binary logistic regression models were employed to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the occurrence of TTIs. A two-sided p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result A total of 1939 donors were included in this study. Majority of the donors were males (88.2%), urban residents (68.8%), greater than 25 years of age (67%), and family replacement blood donors (FRBD) (59.7%). Two hundred and fifty (12.9%) donors were infected by at least one TTI. The cumulative seroprevalence of Human immunodeficiency virus, Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C virus and syphilis were 16 (0.8%), 97 (5%), 13 (0.7%) and 140 (7.2%), respectively. Out of the total 266 infected donors, the prevalence of co-infection was 16 (0.8%). In the adjusted model, the OR and 95% CI for the seropositivity for any TTI associated with age, no formal education, elementary school educational level, and junior school educational level were 1.02 (95% CI: 1.01–1.04), 4.4 (95% CI: 2.58–7.49), 2.67 (95% CI: 1.49–4.80), and 2.00 (95% CI: 1.14–3.52), respectively. In addition, blood from FRBD had an increased likelihood of contamination with at least one TTI, with an OR (95% CI) of 1.56 (1.10–2.21). Conclusion The prevalence of transfusion-transmissible infections is relatively high. In particular, specific groups in the population appear to be disproportionally affected. Therefore, targeted sensitization campaigns should be implemented in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yacob Tesfamichael Keleta
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Asmara College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 8566, Asmara, Eritrea
| | - Oliver Okoth Achila
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asmara College of Health Sciences, Asmara, Eritrea
| | - Absera Woldu Haile
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Asmara College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 8566, Asmara, Eritrea
| | | | - Danait Tareke Tesfaldet
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Asmara College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 8566, Asmara, Eritrea
| | - Kibrom Solomon Teklu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Asmara College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 8566, Asmara, Eritrea
| | - Mesuda Abrhum Mohammed
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Asmara College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 8566, Asmara, Eritrea
| | - Selihom Tesfaslase Ghedel
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Asmara College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 8566, Asmara, Eritrea
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Gao Y, Yang J, Sun F, Zhan S, Fang Z, Liu X, Zhuang H. Prevalence of Anti-HCV Antibody Among the General Population in Mainland China Between 1991 and 2015: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Open Forum Infect Dis 2019; 6:ofz040. [PMID: 30863789 PMCID: PMC6408870 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofz040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Our study aims to estimate the burden of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among the general population in Mainland China. We searched 4 databases for studies of the prevalence of anti-HCV antibody among the general population. Studies that met the selection criteria were included in the meta-analysis. Ninety-four studies with 10729 929 individuals were finally included. Overall, the prevalence of anti-HCV antibody among the general population in Mainland China is 0.91% (95% confidence interval, 0.81%–1.03%). The prevalence rates of anti-HCV antibody were geographically different, with a range of 0.32%–6.51%, and the East and South of China had a relatively lower prevalence. The prevalence of anti-HCV antibody increased successively from 0.16% to 3.95% with advancing age. It was noteworthy that the prevalence of anti-HCV antibody decreased continuously from 2.09% to 0.45% during 1991–2010, whereas it increased to 0.58% during 2011–2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Gao
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Siyan Zhan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongliao Fang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of the Prevention and Control of Viral Hepatitis, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xueen Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Zhuang
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Alzahrani FM, Muzaheed, Shaikh SS, Alomar AI, Acharya S, Elhadi N. Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Among Blood Donors in Eastern Saudi Arabia: Results From a Five-Year Retrospective Study of HBV Seromarkers. Ann Lab Med 2018; 39:81-85. [PMID: 30215234 PMCID: PMC6143475 DOI: 10.3343/alm.2019.39.1.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Transfusion-transmissible hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major problem worldwide. Recently, confirmatory nucleic acid tests (NATs) for HBV DNA have been employed in several countries. We assessed the prevalence and yearly trends of HBV infection in blood donors in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia, screening for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody against HBV core antigen (anti-HBc), and HBV DNA. Methods Between 2011 and 2015, a total of 22,842 donors were screenedfor HBsAg, anti-HBc, and HBV DNA using the HBsAg Qualitative II kit (Abbott, Ireland Diagnostics Division, Sligo, Ireland), ARCHITECT Anti-hepatitis B core antigen antibody (HBc) II Assay kit (Abbott GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden, Germany), and NAT Procleix Ultrio Elite Assay kit (Grifols Diagnostic Solutions Inc., Los Angeles, CA, USA), respectively. Results A total of 739 (3.24%) donors were HbsAg(+), anti-HBc(+), or HBV DNA(+); 63 (0.28%) were HbsAg(+), anti-HBc(+), and HBV DNA(+). Twelve (0.05%) were anti-HBc(+) and HBV DNA(+) but HBsAg(−); they were considered to have occult infection. Further, 664 (2.91%) were HBsAg(−) but anti-HBc(+), indicating chronic or resolving infection. HBV prevalence increased significantly from 2011 to 2012, increased marginally till 2013, and showed a decreasing trend from 2013 (P>0.05). Conclusions The five-year prevalence of HBV infection among blood donors in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia (3.24%) is lower than that reported for other regions in the country. The occult HBV infection rate of 0.05% emphasizes the importance of NATs in isolating potential infectious blood units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Mousa Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Muzaheed
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Sattar Shaikh
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Amer Ibrahim Alomar
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sadananda Acharya
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasreldin Elhadi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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30
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Li Z, Gao GF. Infectious disease trends in China since the SARS outbreak. THE LANCET. INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2018; 17:1113-1115. [PMID: 29115254 PMCID: PMC7128956 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(17)30579-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early-Warning on Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - George F Gao
- Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early-Warning on Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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31
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Gencay M, Seffner A, Pabinger S, Gautier J, Gohl P, Weizenegger M, Neofytos D, Batrla R, Woeste A, Kim HS, Westergaard G, Reinsch C, Brill E, Thuy PTT, Hoang BH, Sonderup M, Spearman CW, Brancaccio G, Fasano M, Gaeta GB, Santantonio T, Kaminski WE. Detection of in vivo hepatitis B virus surface antigen mutations-A comparison of four routine screening assays. J Viral Hepat 2018; 25:1132-1138. [PMID: 29660206 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
An important requirement for a state-of-the-art hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) screening assay is reliable detection of mutated HBsAg. Currently, there is a striking shortage of data regarding the detection rates of in vivo HBsAg mutations for these clinically important assays. Therefore, we compared the detection rates of four commercial HBsAg screening assays using a global cohort of 1553 patients from four continents with known HBV genotypes. These samples, which represent the broadest spectrum of known and novel HBsAg major hydrophilic region (MHR) mutations to date, were analyzed for the presence of HBsAg using the Roche Elecsys® HBsAg II Qualitative, Siemens ADVIA Centaur XP HBsAg II, Abbott Architect HBsAg Qualitative II and DiaSorin Liaison® HBsAg Qualitative assays, respectively. Of the 1553 samples, 1391 samples could be sequenced; of these, 1013 (72.8%) carried at least one of the 345 currently known amino acid substitutions (distinct HBsAg mutation) in the HBsAg MHR. All 1553 patient samples were positive for HBsAg using the Elecsys® HBsAg II Qual assay, with a sensitivity (95% confidence interval) of 99.94% (99.64%-100%), followed by the Abbott Architect 99.81% (99.44%-99.96%), Siemens ADVIA 99.81% (99.44%-99.96%) and DiaSorin Liaison® 99.36% (98.82%-99.69%) assays, respectively. Our results indicate that the Elecsys® HBsAg II Qual assay exhibits the highest sensitivity among the commercial HBsAg screening assays, and demonstrate that its capacity to detect HBV infection is not compromised by HBsAg MHR mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gencay
- Roche Diagnostics International Ltd, Rotkreuz, Switzerland
| | - A Seffner
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, MVZ Labor Dr. Limbach & Kollegen GbR, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Pabinger
- Health and Environment Department, Molecular Diagnostics, Austrian Institute of Technology, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Gautier
- Cerba Spécimen Services, Saint-Ouen l'Aumône, France
| | - P Gohl
- Bioscientia, Institute for Medical Diagnostics GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany
| | - M Weizenegger
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, MVZ Labor Dr. Limbach & Kollegen GbR, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D Neofytos
- Roche Diagnostics International Ltd, Rotkreuz, Switzerland
| | - R Batrla
- Roche Diagnostics International Ltd, Rotkreuz, Switzerland
| | - A Woeste
- Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Penzberg, Germany
| | - H S Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - G Westergaard
- Roche Diagnostics International Ltd, Rotkreuz, Switzerland
| | - C Reinsch
- Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Mannheim, Germany
| | - E Brill
- Bioscientia, Institute for Medical Diagnostics GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany
| | - P T T Thuy
- Hepatology Department, Medic Medical Center, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - B H Hoang
- Gastroenterology Department, Ho Chi Minh City University Medical Center, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - M Sonderup
- Division of Hepatology and Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - C W Spearman
- Division of Hepatology and Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - G Brancaccio
- Infectious Diseases and Viral Hepatitis Unit, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - M Fasano
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - G B Gaeta
- Infectious Diseases and Viral Hepatitis Unit, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - T Santantonio
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - W E Kaminski
- Bioscientia, Institute for Medical Diagnostics GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany
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Siraj N, Achila OO, Issac J, Menghisteab E, Hailemariam M, Hagos S, Gebremeskel Y, Tesfamichael D. Seroprevalence of transfusion-transmissible infections among blood donors at National Blood Transfusion Service, Eritrea: a seven-year retrospective study. BMC Infect Dis 2018; 18:264. [PMID: 29879912 PMCID: PMC5992706 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-018-3174-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood transfusion is associated with several risks particularly exposure to blood transfusion-transmissible infections (TTI), including: Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Hepatitis C virus (HCV), Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Syphilis, among others. The threat posed by these blood-borne pathogens is disproportionately high in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This fact underscores the need for continuous surveillance of TTIs in the region. Therefore, the study objectives were to evaluate the prevalence of TTIs and donor characteristics associated with positivity for TTIs at the National Blood Transfusion Center (NBTC) in Asmara, Eritrea. METHODS A retrospective analysis of blood donors' records covering the period from January 2010 to December 2016 was undertaken. The records were analyzed to evaluate the annualised cumulative prevalence of TTIs. Chi-square test (χ2) or Fisher's exact test was used to evaluate the relationship between serological positivity and particular donor characteristics. Logistic regression was fitted to identify factors associated with cumulative TTIs positivity. A P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULT A total of 60,236 consecutive blood donors were screened between 2010 and 2016. At least 3.6% of donated blood was positive for at least one TTI and 0.1% showed evidence of multiple infections. The sero-prevalence of HBV, HCV, HIV, syphilis and co-infection was 2.0, 0.7, 0.3 and 0.6%, respectively. Sex, type of donor and region were associated with TTI positivity. Except for donation frequency, there was a significant relationship (P < 0.005) between HBV, HCV, HIV and syphilis sero-positivity and other donor characteristics evaluated in the study. CONCLUSION The result demonstrates that Eritrea has relatively low TTI prevalence compared to other countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. However, the prevalence, particularly that of HCV, increased significantly in 2016. Enhancing donor screening and additional research utilizing nucleic acid based techniques should therefore be prioritized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nejat Siraj
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Asmara College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 8566, Asmara, Eritrea
| | - Oliver Okoth Achila
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Asmara College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 8566, Asmara, Eritrea
| | - John Issac
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Asmara College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 8566, Asmara, Eritrea
| | - Efrem Menghisteab
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Asmara College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 8566, Asmara, Eritrea
| | - Maedn Hailemariam
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Asmara College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 8566, Asmara, Eritrea
| | - Semere Hagos
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Asmara College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 8566, Asmara, Eritrea
| | - Yosan Gebremeskel
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Asmara College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 8566, Asmara, Eritrea
| | - Daniel Tesfamichael
- Data Mangement Unit, National Blood Transfusion Service (NBTS), Asmara, Eritrea
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Kim HS, Chen X, Xu M, Yan C, Liu Y, Deng H, Hoang BH, Thuy PTT, Wang T, Yan Y, Zeng Z, Gencay M, Westergaard G, Pabinger S, Kriegner A, Nauck M, Seffner A, Gohl P, Hübner K, Kaminski WE. Frequency of hepatitis B surface antigen variants (HBsAg) in hepatitis B virus genotype B and C infected East- and Southeast Asian patients: Detection by the Elecsys ® HBsAg II assay. J Clin Virol 2018; 103:48-56. [PMID: 29655170 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To avoid false negative results, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) assays need to detect samples with mutations in the immunodominant 'a' determinant region, which vary by ethnographic region. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the prevalence and type of HBsAg mutations in a hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected East- and Southeast Asian population, and the diagnostic performance of the Elecsys® HBsAg II Qualitative assay. STUDY DESIGN We analyzed 898 samples from patients with HBV infection from four sites (China [Beijing and Guangzhou], Korea and Vietnam). HBsAg mutations were detected and sequenced using highly sensitive ultra-deep sequencing and compared between the first (amino acids 124-137) and second (amino acids 139-147) loops of the 'a' determinant region using the Elecsys® HBsAg II Qualitative assay. RESULTS Overall, 237 distinct amino acid mutations in the major hydrophilic region were identified; mutations were present in 660 of 898 HBV-infected patient samples (73.5%). Within the pool of 237 distinct mutations, the majority of the amino acid mutations were found in HBV genotype C (64.8%). We identified 25 previously unknown distinct mutations, mostly prevalent in genotype C-infected Korean patients (n = 18) followed by Chinese (n = 12) patients. All 898 samples were correctly identified by the Elecsys® HBsAg II Qualitative assay. CONCLUSIONS We observed 237 distinct (including 25 novel) mutations, demonstrating the complexity of HBsAg variants in HBV-infected East- and Southeast Asian patients. The Elecsys® HBsAg II Qualitative assay can reliably detect HBV-positive samples and is suitable for routine diagnostic use in East and Southeast Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyon Suk Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Xinyue Chen
- Department of Liver Diseases, You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Xu
- Hepatology Department, Guangzhou No. 8 People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cunling Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yali Liu
- Department of Liver Diseases, You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Haohui Deng
- Hepatology Department, Guangzhou No. 8 People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bui Huu Hoang
- Gastroenterology Department, Ho Chi Minh City University Medical Center, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Pham Thi Thu Thuy
- Hepatology Department, Medic Medical Center, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Yiwen Yan
- Roche Diagnostics Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Zeng
- Roche Diagnostics Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Mikael Gencay
- Roche Diagnostics International Ltd., Rotkreuz, Switzerland
| | | | - Stephan Pabinger
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Health and Bioresources, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Markus Nauck
- Bioscientia Institute for Medical Diagnostics GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany
| | - Anja Seffner
- MVZ Labor Dr. Limbach & Kollegen GbR, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Gohl
- Bioscientia Institute for Medical Diagnostics GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany
| | - Kirsten Hübner
- Bioscientia Institute for Medical Diagnostics GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany
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Cao WW, Zhou RR, Ou X, Shi LX, Xiao CQ, Chen TY, Tan H, Fan XG, Li BJ, Li N. Prevalence of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus and Treponema pallidum infections in hospitalized patients before transfusion in Xiangya hospital Central South University, China from 2011 to 2016. BMC Infect Dis 2018; 18:145. [PMID: 29606088 PMCID: PMC5879580 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-018-3051-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and Treponema pallidum (TP) infections are considered classic transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs). Few data are available about the prevalence of TTIs in patients before blood transfusion in China. This study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of four TTIs among patients before blood transfusion in Xiangya Hospital Central South University, China. Methods From 2011 to 2016, 442,121 hospitalized patients before possible blood transfusion were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), anti-HCV, syphilis antibody (anti-TP) and anti-HIV. Results Of the 442,121 patients, the overall positivity of the four TTI serum markers was 15.35%. The positive rates of HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-HIV and anti-TP were 10.98, 1.43, 0.16 and 2.78%, respectively. TTI serum markers showed a significant difference by gender, with positive rates of 17.98% for males and 12.79% for females. The prevalence of TTI serum markers varied significantly by age. The overall co-infection rate was 0.63%, and the top three multiple infections were HBV-TP, HBV-HCV, and HCV-TP. The co-infection rates of HBV-TP and HBV-HCV showed a significant decrease from 2011 to 2016, while the rates of other co-infections remained stable. Conclusions The prevalence of TTIs in patients before blood transfusion is much higher compared to that in blood donors in the region. The infection rates of HIV and TP increased, and the infection rate of HBsAg decreased in recent years. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12879-018-3051-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wei Cao
- Department of Blood Transfusion of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Rong-Rong Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinghua Ou
- Center for Disease Prevention and Control of Changsha, Changsha, China
| | - Ling-Xi Shi
- Department of Blood Transfusion of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Chao-Qi Xiao
- Department of Blood Transfusion of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ting-Yin Chen
- Department of Information of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hua Tan
- Center for Disease Prevention and Control of Kaifu District, Changsha, China
| | - Xue-Gong Fan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bi-Juan Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China.
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Gencay M, Vermeulen M, Neofytos D, Westergaard G, Pabinger S, Kriegner A, Seffner A, Gohl P, Huebner K, Nauck M, Kaminski WE. Substantial variation in the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-positive patients from South Africa: Reliable detection of HBV by the Elecsys HBsAg II assay. J Clin Virol 2018; 101:38-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Mohsenizadeh M, Mollaei HR, Ghaziizadeh M. Seroepidemiological Study of Hepatitis B, C and HIV among Blood Donors in Kerman. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:3267-3272. [PMID: 29286218 PMCID: PMC5980882 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.12.3267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Infections transmitted through blood transfusions are the most important issue associated with blood donation. We aimed to provide an assessment of the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among blood donors in Kerman province of Iran. Methods: Between 2014-2016, 99,187 samples were examined in a retrospective study in five blood transfusion centers in Kerman province. Serologic screening for HBsAg, anti-HCV and anti-HIV1/2 was conducted for all samples and positive cases were confirmed. Result: The positives with the initial serological screening tests for HBsAg , anti-HCV and HIV 1/2 numbered 524, 409 and 285, respectively, and based on confirmation tests, final results were 196 , 72 and 1. The highest prevalences of HBV and HCV were reported as 0.36% in Jiroft city and 0.1% in Rafsanjan city. Co- infection with HBV and HCV was observed in the city of Sirjan. Conclusion: Blood-borne viral infections in people with low education levels were more common. The prevalence in Kerman province was low as compared to previous studies carried out in other regions of Iran. Application of standard operating procedures, with updated equipment, as well as planning for the use of molecular methods are necessary for the Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization, to monitor blood-transmitted infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Mohsenizadeh
- Department of Medical Microbiology , Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman,Iran
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The Burden and Trend of Blood-Borne Pathogens among Asymptomatic Adult Population in Akwatia: A Retrospective Study at the St. Dominic Hospital, Ghana. J Trop Med 2017; 2017:3452513. [PMID: 29181037 PMCID: PMC5664348 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3452513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study was aimed at evaluating the seroprevalence and trend of blood-borne pathogens (HIV, HCV, HBV, and Syphilis) among asymptomatic adults at Akwatia during a four-year period (2013–2016). Materials and Methods The study was a retrospective analysis of secondary data of blood donors who visited the hospital from January 2013 to December 2016. Archival data from 11,436 prospective donors was extracted. Data included age, sex, and place of residence as well as results of infectious markers (HIV, HBV, HCV, and Syphilis). Results The prevalence of blood-borne pathogens in the donor population was 4.06%, 7.23%, 5.81%, and 10.42% for HIV, HBV, HCV, and Syphilis infections, respectively. A significant decline in HBV and HCV infections was observed in the general donor population and across genders. HIV infection rate remained steady while Syphilis infections recorded a significantly increasing trend, peaking in the year 2015 (14.20%). Age stratification in HBV infection was significant, peaking among age group 40–49 years (8.82%). Conclusion Asymptomatic blood-borne pathogen burden was high among the adult population in Akwatia. Gender variations in HBV, HCV, and Syphilis infections in the cumulative four-year burden were observed. Awareness needs to be created, especially in the older generation.
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Biadgo B, Shiferaw E, Woldu B, Alene KA, Melku M. Transfusion-transmissible viral infections among blood donors at the North Gondar district blood bank, northwest Ethiopia: A three year retrospective study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180416. [PMID: 28678865 PMCID: PMC5498040 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Transfusion-transmissible viral infections, such as hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), remain a major public health problem in developing countries. The prevalence of these viral infections among blood donors may reflect the burden of these diseases among populations. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the sero-prevalence of transfusion-transmissible viral infections among blood donors. Methods A retrospective study was conducted using data obtained from registration books of blood donors from the Ethiopian North Gondar District Blood Bank from 2010 to 2012. Descriptive statistics, such as percentages, medians and interquartile ranges were computed. A binary logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with each viral infection. The odds ratio with a 99% confidence interval was calculated. A p-value < 0.01 was considered statistically significant. Result A total of 6,471 blood donors were included in the study. Of these, 5,311 (82.1%) were male, and 382 (5.9%) were voluntary blood donors. Overall, 424 (6.55%) of the blood donors were sero-reactive for at least one transfusion-transmissible viral infection. Of all study participants, 233 (3.6%) were sero-reactive for HBV, 145 (2.24%) were sero-reactive for HIV, and 51 (0.8%) were sero-reactive for HCV. Four (0.062%) of the study’s participants were co-infected: 3 (75%) with HBV-HCV and 1 (25%) with HIV-HBV-HCV. Being a farmer, unemployed or employed donor was significantly associated with transfusion-transmissible viral infections compared to being a student donor. Conclusion The prevalence of transfusion-transmissible viral infections is substantial and has increased overtime. Hence, it demands more vigilance in routine screening of donated blood prior to transfusion. Further community-based studies to identify societal risk factors are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belete Biadgo
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Elias Shiferaw
- Department of Hematology and Immunohematology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Berhanu Woldu
- Department of Hematology and Immunohematology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Kefyalew Addis Alene
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Mulugeta Melku
- Department of Hematology and Immunohematology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
- * E-mail:
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Wu H, Wang Y, Gong P, Huang X, Zhao X, Zhu W, Jiang Q, Lu Y. Diverse Genotypes of Hepatitis C Virus in Voluntary Blood Donors in Shanghai, China. HEPATITIS MONTHLY 2017; 17. [DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.13160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
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Gao L, Wang Q. Survey on knowledge, attitude and practice about blood donation among continuing medical education (CME) students in Sichuan province, China. Transfus Apher Sci 2017; 56:454-458. [PMID: 28566126 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of blood donation among continuing medical education students in Sichuan.This study was carried out on 841 continuing medical education students using a self-administered structured questionnaire. The statistical analysis was done by using the SPSS software.Among the 800 students, 424 were donors and 417 were non-donors The score of knowledge (mean11.71±2.22 VS 8.46±3.27) and attitude (mean 9.19±2.42 VS 7.08±2.02) in donors were statistically significant higher than the non-donors. The moral responsibility of altruism was the major reason for donating blood and worrying of the sanitation and getting infectious disease during donation was the major reason for not donating blood. Being male, aged more than 40, worked in grassroots hospital were predictors of being a blood donor.Blood services should take more efforts to improve donation experience and reinforce the positive KAP of CME students through blood donation training could help more grassroots people to know the blood donation and abandon the prejudice of blood donation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610000, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610000, China.
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Tafesse TB, Gebru AA, Gobalee S, Belay GD, Belew MT, Ataro D, Ebrahim BA, Shebeshi GM, Yimam Y. Seroprevalence and diagnosis of HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis infections among blood donors. Hum Antibodies 2017; 25:39-55. [PMID: 28009328 DOI: 10.3233/hab-160304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood transfusion is one of the most important therapeutic options of life-saving intervention for recipients who are in diseased or non-diseased conditions with severe blood loss. However, it is associated with certain risks which can lead to adverse consequences that may cause acute or delayed complications and bring the risk of transfusion-transmissible infections including HIV, Hepatitis B & C and Syphilis. So, there might be a fatal risk instead of life saving. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive and reliable tabulation of available data on seroprevalence and diagnosis of HIV, HBV, HCV and Syphilis infections among blood donors. METHODS We searched studies reporting the prevalence rate of HIV, HBV, HCV and Syphilis infections among blood donors that were published between October 2009 and June 2016, using databases of PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE, Elsevier, ScienceDirect, EBSCO, Google Scholar, EMBASE, and Web of Science with keywords: ``Hepatitis C Virus'', ``Hepatitis B Virus'', ``HIV'', ``Syphilis'', ``Seroprevalence'', and ``blood donor''. RESULTS The seroprevalence of HBV and HCV was highest in African countries as compared to others continents, predominantly the West African region with a range of 10.0% to 14.96% and 1.5% to 8.69%, respectively, while the overall seropositivity of HIV and syphilis infection show a significant declining pattern through successive years globally, even though relatively higher prevalence rate was observed among older age and those with low level of education. CONCLUSION There is a problem during selection, diagnoses and screening process in developing nations primarily due to shortage of sensitive screening test kits, highly qualified human resource and lack of proper standard operating procedures and hence, the safety of blood and blood products are the primary threats in the region. Proper clinical diagnosis and screening method should be applied during blood donation and therefore, all the donated blood should be screened properly for transfusion-transmitted infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadesse Bekele Tafesse
- School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Addis Adera Gebru
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Semgne Gobalee
- School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Gosaye Degu Belay
- Department of Disasters and Emergency Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Molla Teferi Belew
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Demelash Ataro
- Department Emergency Medicine, Head of Emergency Unit and Coordinator of Emergency Unit, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Belay Ali Ebrahim
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Samara University, Samara, Ethiopia
| | | | - Yonas Yimam
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural & Computational Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
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Yang S, Jiao D, Liu C, Lv M, Li S, Chen Z, Deng Y, Zhao Y, Li J. Seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses, and Treponema pallidum infections among blood donors at Shiyan, Central China. BMC Infect Dis 2016; 16:531. [PMID: 27716251 PMCID: PMC5045580 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-016-1845-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ordinary screening of transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs) among blood donors is essential for blood transfusion. Although there is several TTIs studies focus on human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses, and Treponema pallidum infections in China, it is no data to illustrate any firm conclusion from Shiyan City, Central China. It aims to verify the seroprevalence of TTIs among blood donors at Shiyan. Methods A retrospective analysis of blood donors’ information was conducted for the presence of HIV, HBV, HCV and T. pallidum. Logistic regression analysis was used to demonstrate risk factors including age, gender and occupation associated with them. The variation tendency in seroprevalence of these TTIs over the study period was evaluated by Cochran-Armitage trend test. Results Of 211 639 blood donors, 2 858 (1.35 %) had serological evidence of TTIs. The seroprevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV and T. pallidum were 0.08 %, 0.51 %, 0.20 % and 0.57 %, respectively. However, the co-infection prevalence of TTIs has not been detected. The HIV seropositivity significantly increased among female donors (OR = 1.63, P < 0.001) and farmers (OR = 2.02, P = 0.020). Significantly increased HBV seropositivity was only observed framers (OR = 1.87, P <0.001) compared to workers. Analogously, significantly increased HCV seropositivity was observed among farmers (OR = 2.59, P < 0.001), students (OR = 2.43, P < 0.001), merchants (OR = 1.70, P = 0.014) and others (OR = 1.78, P =0.001). The T. pallidum seroprevalence was notably increased among female (OR = 1.54, P < 0.001), and farmers (OR = 1.70, P <0.001). Moreover, significantly increasing trends of HIV (Z = −6.88, P < 0.01), HBV (Z = −4.52, P < 0.01), HCV (Z = −4.16, P < 0.01) and T. pallidum (Z = −1.36, P < 0.01) seropositivity were observed over the study period. Conclusions It originally offers a substantial prevalence of TTIs among blood donors at Shiyan, Central China. Severe blood donor selection and all-inclusive screening of blood are highly recommended. It might be helpful for developing and updating guidance for blood safety. Trial registration Retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuguo Yang
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, College of Basic Medicine; Department of Infectious Disease, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Danmei Jiao
- Shiyan Blood Transfusion Center, Laboratory Medical Center, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Changjun Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health and Management, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Ming Lv
- Shiyan Blood Transfusion Center, Laboratory Medical Center, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Shan Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, College of Basic Medicine; Department of Infectious Disease, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Zongyun Chen
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, College of Basic Medicine; Department of Infectious Disease, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Yao Deng
- Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, 214064, China
| | - Yanqing Zhao
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, College of Basic Medicine; Department of Infectious Disease, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Jian Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, College of Basic Medicine; Department of Infectious Disease, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China.
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Omata M, Kanda T, Wei L, Yu ML, Chuang WL, Ibrahim A, Lesmana CRA, Sollano J, Kumar M, Jindal A, Sharma BC, Hamid SS, Dokmeci AK, Al-Mahtab M, McCaughan GW, Wasim J, Crawford DHG, Kao JH, Yokosuka O, Lau GKK, Sarin SK. APASL consensus statements and recommendations for hepatitis C prevention, epidemiology, and laboratory testing. Hepatol Int 2016; 10:681-701. [PMID: 27229718 PMCID: PMC5003900 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-016-9736-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver (APASL) convened an international working party on "APASL consensus statements and recommendations for management of hepatitis C" in March 2015 to revise the "APASL consensus statements and management algorithms for hepatitis C virus infection" (Hepatol Int 6:409-435, 2012). The working party consisted of expert hepatologists from the Asian-Pacific region gathered at the Istanbul Congress Center, Istanbul, Turkey on 13 March 2015. New data were presented, discussed, and debated during the course of drafting a revision. Participants of the consensus meeting assessed the quality of the cited studies. The finalized recommendations for hepatitis C prevention, epidemiology, and laboratory testing are presented in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masao Omata
- Yamanashi Prefectural Central Hospital, 1-1-1 Fujimi, Kofu-shi, Yamanashi, 400-8506, Japan.
- The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Tatsuo Kanda
- Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Lai Wei
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Lung Yu
- Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wang-Long Chuang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Alaaeldin Ibrahim
- GI/Liver Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Benha, Banha, Egypt
| | | | - Jose Sollano
- University Santo Tomas Hospital, Manila, Philippines
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ankur Jindal
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Saeed S Hamid
- Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University and Hospital, Stadium Road, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
| | - A Kadir Dokmeci
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mamun Al-Mahtab
- Department of Hepatology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Geofferey W McCaughan
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jafri Wasim
- Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University and Hospital, Stadium Road, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
| | - Darrell H G Crawford
- University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Jia-Horng Kao
- National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Osamu Yokosuka
- Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - George K K Lau
- The Institute of Translational Hepatology, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shiv Kumar Sarin
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Farshadpour F, Taherkhani R, Tajbakhsh S, Gholizadeh Tangestani M, Hajiani G, Sharifi N, Taherkhani S, Nejadbolkheyr A. Prevalence and Trends of Transfusion-Transmissible Viral Infections among Blood Donors in South of Iran: An Eleven-Year Retrospective Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157615. [PMID: 27309959 PMCID: PMC4911153 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Blood transfusion is considered a potential risk factor for transmission of life-threatening viral infections, including HIV, HCV and HBV infections. This study was performed to find out the prevalence and trends of these infections among blood donors in Southern Iran. Methods The blood donor data recorded in twelve regional blood transfusion centers from 2004 to 2014 were analyzed in an anonymous way with respect to the results of serological screening for HBV, HCV, and HIV infections. Overall, 293454 donors were screened for viral infections. Results Most of the donors were male, married, aged between 20–40 years, educated, and regular donors. The overall seroprevalence rates of HBV, HCV and HIV were 0.15%, 0.1% and 0.004%, respectively. The highest seroprevalence was found for HBV, followed by HCV and HIV. These infections were more prevalent in male, low educated and first time donors. The highest HCV seroprevalence was observed among donors aged 20 to 40 years, while HBV seroprevalence increased with age. The seroprevalence rates of HBV and HCV from 2004 to 2014 showed significant decreasing trends from 0.460% to 0.060% (P < 0.001) and 0.329% to 0.045% (P < 0.001), respectively. Whereas HIV infection had a slight but not significant decline from 0.0173% in 2004 to 0.0028% in 2014 (P = 0.087). Conclusions The decreasing trends of transfusion-transmissible viral infections in blood donations indicate that the attempts of IBTO were successful in improving the safety of the blood supply, since the prevalence rates of viral infections have been reduced to very low levels in blood donations over the years. However, still more effective techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are needed to guarantee blood safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Farshadpour
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
- Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Reza Taherkhani
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
- Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
- * E-mail:
| | - Saeed Tajbakhsh
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
- Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | | | | | - Nasrin Sharifi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Sakineh Taherkhani
- Reproductive Health and Midwifery Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
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Zuo L, Wang M, Hou F, Yan Y, Chen N, Qian J, Wang M, Bieber B, Pisoni RL, Robinson BM, Anand S. Anemia Management in the China Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study. Blood Purif 2016; 42:33-43. [PMID: 27045519 PMCID: PMC4919113 DOI: 10.1159/000442741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the utilization of hemodialysis increases in China, it is critical to examine anemia management. METHODS Using data from the China Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS), we describe hemoglobin (Hgb) distribution and anemia-related therapies. RESULTS Twenty one percent of China's DOPPS patients had Hgb <9 g/dl, compared with ≤10% in Japan and North America. A majority of medical directors targeted Hgb ≥11. Patients who were female, younger, or recently hospitalized had higher odds of Hgb <9; those with insurance coverage or on twice weekly dialysis had lower odds of Hgb <9. Iron use and erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs) dose were modestly higher for patients with Hgb <9 compared with Hgb in the range 10-12. CONCLUSION A large proportion of hemodialysis patients in China's DOPPS do not meet the expressed Hgb targets. Less frequent hemodialysis, patient financial contribution, and lack of a substantial increase in ESA dose at lower Hgb concentrations may partially explain this gap. Video Journal Club 'Cappuccino with Claudio Ronco' at http://www.karger.com/?doi=442741.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zuo
- Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, China
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Shire NJ, Sherman KE. Epidemiology of Hepatitis C Virus: A Battle on New Frontiers. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2015; 44:699-716. [PMID: 26600215 DOI: 10.1016/j.gtc.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a leading cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality in the United States and other parts of the world. The epidemiology of the disease is highly variable between and within countries, and strategies to deal with HCV identification and treatment must be tailored to the geographic location and the political and economic environment of the region. Although great strides have been made in improving HCV transmission risk in blood supply products, new challenges related to changing patterns of disease incidence continue to require fresh evaluation and new approaches to disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norah J Shire
- Epidemiology, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LLC, 1 MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA.
| | - Kenneth E Sherman
- Division of Digestive Diseases, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert B Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0595, USA
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Yildiz SM, Candevir A, Kibar F, Karaboga G, Turhan FT, Kis C, Dincer S, Guvenc B. Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, Human immunodeficiency virus and syphilis frequency among blood donors: A single center study. Transfus Apher Sci 2015; 53:308-14. [PMID: 26070837 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2015.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to provide updated results for seroprevalence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C viruses while presenting first data for human immunodeficiency virus and syphilis seropositivity amongst blood donors in Adana, Turkey. Screening and confirmatory test results of 62,461 donors were evaluated. HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-HIV1/2 and syphilis seropositivity was 1.92%, 0.48%, 0.20%, 0.18% respectively, based on screening tests, and 1.66%, 0.05%, 0.003%, 0.10% respectively, according to confirmatory tests. Transfusion-transmitted infections (TTI) was more prevalent in low-educated donors. HBsAg and syphilis seropositivity rates were higher in married subjects. We found that the prevalence of HBV and HCV was significantly decreased in the last two decades in Adana. Importantly, this study provides first data in HIV and syphilis seropositivity rates among blood donors in our region and both HIV and syphilis seroprevalences were found to be low compared to many regions of Turkey. However, considering the fact that increasing number of immigrants may change prevalences and trends of TTI both in Adana and in Turkey, strict monitorization and yearly reporting of TTI rates seem necessary to be able to take proactive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sule Menziletoglu Yildiz
- Blood Bank, Faculty of Medicine, Balcali Hospital, Cukurova University, Saricam, Adana 01330, Turkey.
| | - Aslihan Candevir
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Balcali Hospital, Cukurova University, Saricam, Adana 01330, Turkey
| | - Filiz Kibar
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Balcali Hospital, Cukurova University, Saricam, Adana 01330, Turkey
| | - Gulser Karaboga
- Blood Bank, Faculty of Medicine, Balcali Hospital, Cukurova University, Saricam, Adana 01330, Turkey
| | - Ferda Tekin Turhan
- Hemapheresis, Stem Cell and Cryopreservation Unit, Balcali Hospital, Cukurova University, Saricam, Adana 01330, Turkey
| | - Cem Kis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Balcali Hospital, Cukurova University, Saricam, Adana 01330, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Dincer
- Hisar Intercontinental Hospital, Umraniye, Istanbul 34768, Turkey
| | - Birol Guvenc
- Blood Bank, Faculty of Medicine, Balcali Hospital, Cukurova University, Saricam, Adana 01330, Turkey; Hemapheresis, Stem Cell and Cryopreservation Unit, Balcali Hospital, Cukurova University, Saricam, Adana 01330, Turkey; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Balcali Hospital, Cukurova University, Saricam, Adana 01330, Turkey
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48
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Keshvari M, Sharafi H, Alavian SM, Mehrabadi H, Zolfaghari S. Prevalence and trends of transfusion-transmitted infections among blood donors in Tehran, Iran from 2008 to 2013. Transfus Apher Sci 2015; 53:38-47. [PMID: 25892591 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evaluation of trends in the rate of transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) in blood donors is essential for monitoring blood supply safety and donor screening effectiveness. The aim of this study was to determine the trends and prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and syphilis seromarkers among blood donors referred to Tehran Blood Transfusion Center (TBTC) from 2008 to 2013. MATERIALS AND METHODS The data of all blood donors referred to TBTC between 2008 and 2013 were collected. The prevalence of HBV, HCV, HIV, and syphilis infections were expressed by donation year and donors' characteristics (age, gender, educational level and donor status). RESULTS Among 1,796,090 individuals who donated blood at TBTC from 2008 to 2013, analysis of trend for the prevalence of HBV showed a significant decrease from 423 to 153 per 10(5) donors. The similar pattern of decrease was observed for the prevalence of HCV from 139 to 69 per 10(5) donors, however the rate of decrease in HCV prevalence was slower than the rate of decrease in HBV prevalence. The prevalence of HIV was constant while the prevalence of syphilis showed a sharp decrease in 2009 and a constant prevalence from 2010 to 2013. The top three parameters influenced the rate of TTIs were donor status, age, and educational level. CONCLUSION The decreasing prevalence and trends of TTIs among the studied donors demonstrated that the safety measures which were employed in recent years in Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization have been effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Keshvari
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran; Middle East Liver Disease (MELD) Center, Tehran, Iran; Iran Hepatitis Network, Tehran, Iran
| | - Heidar Sharafi
- Middle East Liver Disease (MELD) Center, Tehran, Iran; Iran Hepatitis Network, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Moayed Alavian
- Middle East Liver Disease (MELD) Center, Tehran, Iran; Iran Hepatitis Network, Tehran, Iran
| | - Haleh Mehrabadi
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sima Zolfaghari
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran.
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Correction: Prevalence and trend of major transfusion-transmissible infections among blood donors in Western China, 2005 through 2010. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118426. [PMID: 25695514 PMCID: PMC4335034 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094528.].
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