1
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Badrodien I, Neethling PH, Bosman GW. Improved image contrast in nonlinear light-sheet fluorescence microscopy using i 2 PIE Pulse compression. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12770. [PMID: 38834608 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63429-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Nonlinear microscopy has become an invaluable tool for biological imaging, offering high-resolution visualization of biological specimens. In this manuscript, we present the application of a spectral phase measurement technique, i2 PIE, to compress broad-bandwidth supercontinuum pulses for two-photon excitation fluorescence light-sheet fluorescence microscopy. The results demonstrated a significant improvement in the two-photon excitation response achieved. We also showed that the implementation of i2 PIE allowed for enhanced image contrasts when compared to conventional compression techniques, with i2 PIE producing an image contrast improvement over conventional methods by over 50%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imraan Badrodien
- Stellenbosch Photonics Institute, Physics Department, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Pieter H Neethling
- Stellenbosch Photonics Institute, Physics Department, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa
- National Institute for Theoretical and Computational Sciences (NITheCS), Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Gurthwin W Bosman
- Stellenbosch Photonics Institute, Physics Department, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa.
- National Institute for Theoretical and Computational Sciences (NITheCS), Stellenbosch, South Africa.
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2
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Luu P, Fraser SE, Schneider F. More than double the fun with two-photon excitation microscopy. Commun Biol 2024; 7:364. [PMID: 38531976 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06057-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
For generations researchers have been observing the dynamic processes of life through the lens of a microscope. This has offered tremendous insights into biological phenomena that span multiple orders of time- and length-scales ranging from the pure magic of molecular reorganization at the membrane of immune cells, to cell migration and differentiation during development or wound healing. Standard fluorescence microscopy techniques offer glimpses at such processes in vitro, however, when applied in intact systems, they are challenged by reduced signal strengths and signal-to-noise ratios that result from deeper imaging. As a remedy, two-photon excitation (TPE) microscopy takes a special place, because it allows us to investigate processes in vivo, in their natural environment, even in a living animal. Here, we review the fundamental principles underlying TPE aimed at basic and advanced microscopy users interested in adopting TPE for intravital imaging. We focus on applications in neurobiology, present current trends towards faster, wider and deeper imaging, discuss the combination with photon counting technologies for metabolic imaging and spectroscopy, as well as highlight outstanding issues and drawbacks in development and application of these methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Luu
- Translational Imaging Center, Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Division of Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Scott E Fraser
- Translational Imaging Center, Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Division of Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Alfred Mann Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Falk Schneider
- Translational Imaging Center, Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
- Dana and David Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
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3
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Goswami N, Winston N, Choi W, Lai NZE, Arcanjo RB, Chen X, Sobh N, Nowak RA, Anastasio MA, Popescu G. EVATOM: an optical, label-free, machine learning assisted embryo health assessment tool. Commun Biol 2024; 7:268. [PMID: 38443460 PMCID: PMC10915136 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05960-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The combination of a good quality embryo and proper maternal health factors promise higher chances of a successful in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedure leading to clinical pregnancy and live birth. Of these two factors, selection of a good embryo is a controllable aspect. The current gold standard in clinical practice is visual assessment of an embryo based on its morphological appearance by trained embryologists. More recently, machine learning has been incorporated into embryo selection "packages". Here, we report EVATOM: a machine-learning assisted embryo health assessment tool utilizing an optical quantitative phase imaging technique called artificial confocal microscopy (ACM). We present a label-free nucleus detection method with, to the best of our knowledge, novel quantitative embryo health biomarkers. Two viability assessment models are presented for grading embryos into two classes: healthy/intermediate (H/I) or sick (S) class. The models achieve a weighted F1 score of 1.0 and 0.99 respectively on the in-distribution test set of 72 fixed embryos and a weighted F1 score of 0.9 and 0.95 respectively on the out-of-distribution test dataset of 19 time-instances from 8 live embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Goswami
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
| | - Nicola Winston
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Wonho Choi
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Nastasia Z E Lai
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Rachel B Arcanjo
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Xi Chen
- Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | - Nahil Sobh
- NCSA Center for Artificial Intelligence Innovation, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Romana A Nowak
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
| | - Mark A Anastasio
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
| | - Gabriel Popescu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
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4
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Gritti N, Power RM, Graves A, Huisken J. Image restoration of degraded time-lapse microscopy data mediated by near-infrared imaging. Nat Methods 2024; 21:311-321. [PMID: 38177507 PMCID: PMC10864180 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-023-02127-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Time-lapse fluorescence microscopy is key to unraveling biological development and function; however, living systems, by their nature, permit only limited interrogation and contain untapped information that can only be captured by more invasive methods. Deep-tissue live imaging presents a particular challenge owing to the spectral range of live-cell imaging probes/fluorescent proteins, which offer only modest optical penetration into scattering tissues. Herein, we employ convolutional neural networks to augment live-imaging data with deep-tissue images taken on fixed samples. We demonstrate that convolutional neural networks may be used to restore deep-tissue contrast in GFP-based time-lapse imaging using paired final-state datasets acquired using near-infrared dyes, an approach termed InfraRed-mediated Image Restoration (IR2). Notably, the networks are remarkably robust over a wide range of developmental times. We employ IR2 to enhance the information content of green fluorescent protein time-lapse images of zebrafish and Drosophila embryo/larval development and demonstrate its quantitative potential in increasing the fidelity of cell tracking/lineaging in developing pescoids. Thus, IR2 is poised to extend live imaging to depths otherwise inaccessible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Gritti
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, USA
- Mesoscopic Imaging Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rory M Power
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, USA
- EMBL Imaging Center, European Molecular Biology Laboratory Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Jan Huisken
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, USA.
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- Department of Biology and Psychology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
- Cluster of Excellence 'Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells' (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
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5
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Wang G, Li L, Sorrells JE, Chen J, Tu H. Gentle label-free nonlinear optical imaging relaxes linear-absorption-mediated triplet. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.09.561579. [PMID: 37873348 PMCID: PMC10592717 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.09.561579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Sample health is critical for live-cell fluorescence microscopy and has promoted light-sheet microscopy that restricts its ultraviolet-visible excitation to one plane inside a three-dimensional sample. It is thus intriguing that laser-scanning nonlinear optical microscopy, which similarly restricts its near-infrared excitation, has not broadly enabled gentle label-free molecular imaging. We hypothesize that intense near-infrared excitation induces phototoxicity via linear absorption of intrinsic biomolecules with subsequent triplet buildup, rather than the commonly assumed mechanism of nonlinear absorption. Using a reproducible phototoxicity assay based on the time-lapse elevation of auto-fluorescence (hyper-fluorescence) from a homogeneous tissue model (chicken breast), we provide strong evidence supporting this hypothesis. Our study justifies a simple imaging technique, e.g., rapidly scanned sub-80-fs excitation with full triplet-relaxation, to mitigate this ubiquitous linear-absorption-mediated phototoxicity independent of sample types. The corresponding label-free imaging can track freely moving C. elegans in real-time at an irradiance up to one-half of water optical breakdown.
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6
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Goswami N, Winston N, Choi W, Lai NZE, Arcanjo RB, Chen X, Sobh N, Nowak RA, Anastasio MA, Popescu G. Machine learning assisted health viability assay for mouse embryos with artificial confocal microscopy (ACM). BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.30.550591. [PMID: 37547014 PMCID: PMC10402120 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.30.550591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
The combination of a good quality embryo and proper maternal health factors promise higher chances of a successful in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedure leading to clinical pregnancy and live birth. Of these two factors, selection of a good embryo is a controllable aspect. The current gold standard in clinical practice is visual assessment of an embryo based on its morphological appearance by trained embryologists. More recently, machine learning has been incorporated into embryo selection "packages". Here, we report a machine-learning assisted embryo health assessment tool utilizing a quantitative phase imaging technique called artificial confocal microscopy (ACM). We present a label-free nucleus detection method with novel quantitative embryo health biomarkers. Two viability assessment models are presented for grading embryos into two classes: healthy/intermediate (H/I) or sick (S) class. The models achieve a weighted F1 score of 1.0 and 0.99 respectively on the in-distribution test set of 72 fixed embryos and a weighted F1 score of 0.9 and 0.95 respectively on the out-of-distribution test dataset of 19 time-instances from 8 live embryos.
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7
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Panahiyan S, Muñoz CS, Chekhova MV, Schlawin F. Nonlinear Interferometry for Quantum-Enhanced Measurements of Multiphoton Absorption. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:203604. [PMID: 37267533 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.203604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Multiphoton absorption is of vital importance in many spectroscopic, microscopic, or lithographic applications. However, given that it is an inherently weak process, the detection of multiphoton absorption signals typically requires large field intensities, hindering its applicability in many practical situations. In this Letter, we show that placing a multiphoton absorbent inside an imbalanced nonlinear interferometer can enhance the precision of multiphoton cross section estimation with respect to strategies based on photon-number measurements using coherent or even squeezed light directly transmitted through the medium. In particular, the power scaling of the sensitivity with photon flux can be increased by 1 order compared with transmission measurements of the sample with coherent light, such that the measurement precision at any given intensity can be greatly enhanced. Furthermore, we show that this enhanced measurement precision is robust against experimental imperfections leading to photon losses, which usually tend to degrade the detection sensitivity. We trace the origin of this enhancement to an optimal degree of squeezing which has to be generated in a nonlinear SU(1,1) interferometer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Panahiyan
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg D-22761, Germany
- University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carlos Sánchez Muñoz
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria V Chekhova
- Max-Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Staudtstraße 2, Erlangen D-91058, Germany
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Staudtstraße 7/B2, Erlangen D-91058, Germany
| | - Frank Schlawin
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg D-22761, Germany
- University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
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8
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Zhu L, Wang M, Fu P, Liu Y, Zhang H, Roe AW, Xi W. Precision 1070 nm Ultrafast Laser-Induced Photothrombosis of Depth-Targeted Vessels In Vivo. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2200917. [PMID: 36286988 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202200917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The cerebrovasculature plays an essential role in neurovascular and homeostatic functions in health and disease conditions. Many efforts have been made for developing vascular thrombosis methods to study vascular dysfunction in vivo, while technical challenges remain, such as accuracy and depth-selectivity to target a single vessel in the cerebral cortex. Herein, this paper first demonstrates the evaluation and quantification of the feasibility and effects of Rose Bengal (RB)-induced photothrombosis with 720-1070 nm ultrafast lasers in a raster scan. A flexible and reproducible approach is then proposed to employ a 1070 nm ultrafast laser with a spiral scan for producing RB-induced occlusion, which is described as precision ultrafast laser-induced photothrombosis (PLP). Combine with two-photon microscopy imaging, this PLP displays highly precise and fast occlusion induction of various vessel types, sizes, and depths, which enhances the precision and power of the photothrombosis protocol. Overall, the PLP method provides a real-time, practical, precise, and depth-selected single-vessel photothrombosis technology in the cerebral cortex with commercially available optical equipment, which is crucial for exploring brain vascular function with high spatial-temporal resolution in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhu
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology (ZIINT), the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310020, China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology (ZIINT), College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Mengqi Wang
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology (ZIINT), the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310020, China
| | - Peng Fu
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology (ZIINT), the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310020, China
| | - Yin Liu
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology (ZIINT), the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310020, China
| | - Hequn Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology (ZIINT), the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310020, China
| | - Anna Wang Roe
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology (ZIINT), the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310020, China
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain Machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Wang Xi
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology (ZIINT), the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310020, China
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain Machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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9
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Meah A, Boodram V, Bucinca-Cupallari F, Lim H. Axonal architecture of the mouse inner retina revealed by second harmonic generation. PNAS NEXUS 2022; 1:pgac160. [PMID: 36106183 PMCID: PMC9463061 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgac160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We describe a novel method for visualizing the network of axons in the unlabeled fresh wholemount retina. The intrinsic radiation of second harmonic generation (SHG) was utilized to visualize single axons of all major retinal neurons, i.e., photoreceptors, horizontal cells, bipolar cells, amacrine cells, and the retinal ganglion cells. The cell types of SHG+ axons were determined using transgenic GFP/YFP mice. New findings were obtained with retinal SHG imaging: Müller cells do not maintain uniformly polarized microtubules in the processes; SHG+ axons of bipolar cells terminate in the inner plexiform layer (IPL) in a subtype-specific manner; a subset of amacrine cells, presumably the axon-bearing types, emits SHG; and the axon-like neurites of amacrine cells provide a cytoskeletal scaffolding for the IPL stratification. To demonstrate the utility, retinal SHG imaging was applied to testing whether the inner retina is preserved in glaucoma, using DBA/2 mice as a model of glaucoma and DBA/2-Gpnmb+ as the nonglaucomatous control. It was found that the morphology of the inner retina was largely intact in glaucoma and the presynaptic compartments to the retinal ganglion cells were uncompromised. It proves retinal SHG imaging as a promising technology for studying the physiological and diseased retinas in 3D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arafat Meah
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Vinessia Boodram
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Festa Bucinca-Cupallari
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College, New York, NY 10065, USA,The Graduate Centre of the City University of New York, New York, NY 10065, USA
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10
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Shen B, Liu S, Li Y, Pan Y, Lu Y, Hu R, Qu J, Liu L. Deep learning autofluorescence-harmonic microscopy. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2022; 11:76. [PMID: 35351853 PMCID: PMC8964717 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-022-00768-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Laser scanning microscopy has inherent tradeoffs between imaging speed, field of view (FOV), and spatial resolution due to the limitations of sophisticated mechanical and optical setups, and deep learning networks have emerged to overcome these limitations without changing the system. Here, we demonstrate deep learning autofluorescence-harmonic microscopy (DLAM) based on self-alignment attention-guided residual-in-residual dense generative adversarial networks to close the gap between speed, FOV, and quality. Using the framework, we demonstrate label-free large-field multimodal imaging of clinicopathological tissues with enhanced spatial resolution and running time advantages. Statistical quality assessments show that the attention-guided residual dense connections minimize the persistent noise, distortions, and scanning fringes that degrade the autofluorescence-harmonic images and avoid reconstruction artifacts in the output images. With the advantages of high contrast, high fidelity, and high speed in image reconstruction, DLAM can act as a powerful tool for the noninvasive evaluation of diseases, neural activity, and embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binglin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province and Ministry of Education, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, 518060, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shaowen Liu
- Shenzhen Meitu Innovation Technology LTD, 518060, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanping Li
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province and Ministry of Education, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, 518060, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ying Pan
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 130033, Changchun, China
| | - Yuan Lu
- The Sixth People's Hospital of Shenzhen, 518052, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rui Hu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province and Ministry of Education, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, 518060, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junle Qu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province and Ministry of Education, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, 518060, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province and Ministry of Education, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, 518060, Shenzhen, China.
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11
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Bakker GJ, Weischer S, Ferrer Ortas J, Heidelin J, Andresen V, Beutler M, Beaurepaire E, Friedl P. Intravital deep-tumor single-beam 3-photon, 4-photon, and harmonic microscopy. eLife 2022; 11:e63776. [PMID: 35166669 PMCID: PMC8849342 DOI: 10.7554/elife.63776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-photon excitation has recently been demonstrated as an effective method to perform intravital microscopy in deep, previously inaccessible regions of the mouse brain. The applicability of 3-photon excitation for deep imaging of other, more heterogeneous tissue types has been much less explored. In this work, we analyze the benefit of high-pulse-energy 1 MHz pulse-repetition-rate infrared excitation near 1300 and 1700 nm for in-depth imaging of tumorous and bone tissue. We show that this excitation regime provides a more than 2-fold increased imaging depth in tumor and bone tissue compared to the illumination conditions commonly used in 2-photon excitation, due to improved excitation confinement and reduced scattering. We also show that simultaneous 3- and 4-photon processes can be effectively induced with a single laser line, enabling the combined detection of blue to far-red fluorescence together with second and third harmonic generation without chromatic aberration, at excitation intensities compatible with live tissue imaging. Finally, we analyze photoperturbation thresholds in this excitation regime and derive setpoints for safe cell imaging. Together, these results indicate that infrared high-pulse-energy low-repetition-rate excitation opens novel perspectives for intravital deep-tissue microscopy of multiple parameters in strongly scattering tissues and organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gert-Jan Bakker
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical CentreNijmegenNetherlands
| | - Sarah Weischer
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical CentreNijmegenNetherlands
| | - Júlia Ferrer Ortas
- Laboratory for Optics & Biosciences École Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERMParisFrance
| | - Judith Heidelin
- LaVision BioTec GmbH, a Miltenyi Biotec companyBielefeldGermany
| | - Volker Andresen
- LaVision BioTec GmbH, a Miltenyi Biotec companyBielefeldGermany
| | | | - Emmanuel Beaurepaire
- Laboratory for Optics & Biosciences École Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERMParisFrance
| | - Peter Friedl
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical CentreNijmegenNetherlands
- Cancer Genomics CentreUtrechtNetherlands
- David H. Koch Center for Applied Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonUnited States
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12
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Low-invasive 5D visualization of mitotic progression by two-photon excitation spinning-disk confocal microscopy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:809. [PMID: 35039530 PMCID: PMC8764092 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04543-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-linear microscopy, such as multi-photon excitation microscopy, offers spatial localities of excitations, thereby achieving 3D cross-sectional imaging with low phototoxicity even in thick biological specimens. We had developed a multi-point scanning two-photon excitation microscopy system using a spinning-disk confocal scanning unit. However, its severe color cross-talk has precluded multi-color simultaneous imaging. Therefore, in this study, we introduced a mechanical switching system to select either of two NIR laser light pulses and an image-splitting detection system for 3- or 4-color imaging. As a proof of concept, we performed multi-color fluorescent imaging of actively dividing human HeLa cells and tobacco BY-2 cells. We found that the proposed microscopy system enabled time-lapse multi-color 3D imaging of cell divisions while avoiding photodamage. Moreover, the application of a linear unmixing method to the 5D dataset enabled the precise separation of individual intracellular components in multi-color images. We thus demonstrated the versatility of our new microscopy system in capturing the dynamic processes of cellular components that could have multitudes of application.
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13
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Talone B, Bazzarelli M, Schirato A, Dello Vicario F, Viola D, Jacchetti E, Bregonzio M, Raimondi MT, Cerullo G, Polli D. Phototoxicity induced in living HeLa cells by focused femtosecond laser pulses: a data-driven approach. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:7886-7905. [PMID: 35003873 PMCID: PMC8713694 DOI: 10.1364/boe.441225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nonlinear optical microscopy is a powerful label-free imaging technology, providing biochemical and structural information in living cells and tissues. A possible drawback is photodamage induced by high-power ultrashort laser pulses. Here we present an experimental study on thousands of HeLa cells, to characterize the damage induced by focused femtosecond near-infrared laser pulses as a function of laser power, scanning speed and exposure time, in both wide-field and point-scanning illumination configurations. Our data-driven approach offers an interpretation of the underlying damage mechanisms and provides a predictive model that estimates its probability and extension and a safety limit for the working conditions in nonlinear optical microscopy. In particular, we demonstrate that cells can withstand high temperatures for a short amount of time, while they die if exposed for longer times to mild temperatures. It is thus better to illuminate the samples with high irradiances: thanks to the nonlinear imaging mechanism, much stronger signals will be generated, enabling fast imaging and thus avoiding sample photodamage.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Talone
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | | | - A. Schirato
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, I- 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - D. Viola
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - E. Jacchetti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering ’G. Natta’, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - M. Bregonzio
- 3rdPlace SRL, Foro Bonaparte 71, 20121 Milan, Italy
| | - M. T. Raimondi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering ’G. Natta’, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - G. Cerullo
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Milan, Italy
| | - D. Polli
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Milan, Italy
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14
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Bowman AJ, Kasevich MA. Resonant Electro-Optic Imaging for Microscopy at Nanosecond Resolution. ACS NANO 2021; 15:16043-16054. [PMID: 34546704 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c04470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate an electro-optic wide-field method to enable fluorescence lifetime microscopy (FLIM) with high throughput and single-molecule sensitivity. Resonantly driven Pockels cells are used to efficiently gate images at 39 MHz, allowing fluorescence lifetime to be captured on standard camera sensors. Lifetime imaging of single molecules is enabled in wide field with exposure times of less than 100 ms. This capability allows combination of wide-field FLIM with single-molecule super-resolution localization microscopy. Fast single-molecule dynamics such as FRET and molecular binding events are captured from wide-field images without prior spatial knowledge. A lifetime sensitivity of 1.9 times the photon shot-noise limit is achieved, and high throughput is shown by acquiring wide-field FLIM images with millisecond exposure and >108 photons per frame. Resonant electro-optic FLIM allows lifetime contrast in any wide-field microscopy method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Bowman
- Physics Department, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Mark A Kasevich
- Physics Department, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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15
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Abouakil F, Meng H, Burcklen MA, Rigneault H, Galland F, LeGoff L. An adaptive microscope for the imaging of biological surfaces. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2021; 10:210. [PMID: 34620828 PMCID: PMC8497591 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-021-00649-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Scanning fluorescence microscopes are now able to image large biological samples at high spatial and temporal resolution. This comes at the expense of an increased light dose which is detrimental to fluorophore stability and cell physiology. To highly reduce the light dose, we designed an adaptive scanning fluorescence microscope with a scanning scheme optimized for the unsupervised imaging of cell sheets, which underly the shape of many embryos and organs. The surface of the tissue is first delineated from the acquisition of a very small subset (~0.1%) of sample space, using a robust estimation strategy. Two alternative scanning strategies are then proposed to image the tissue with an improved photon budget, without loss in resolution. The first strategy consists in scanning only a thin shell around the estimated surface of interest, allowing high reduction of light dose when the tissue is curved. The second strategy applies when structures of interest lie at the cell periphery (e.g. adherens junctions). An iterative approach is then used to propagate scanning along cell contours. We demonstrate the benefit of our approach imaging live epithelia from Drosophila melanogaster. On the examples shown, both approaches yield more than a 20-fold reduction in light dose -and up to more than 80-fold- compared to a full scan of the volume. These smart-scanning strategies can be easily implemented on most scanning fluorescent imaging modality. The dramatic reduction in light exposure of the sample should allow prolonged imaging of the live processes under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faris Abouakil
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Huicheng Meng
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Marie-Anne Burcklen
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Hervé Rigneault
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Frédéric Galland
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France.
| | - Loïc LeGoff
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France.
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16
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Redlich MJ, Prall B, Canto-Said E, Busarov Y, Shirinyan-Tuka L, Meah A, Lim H. High-pulse-energy multiphoton imaging of neurons and oligodendrocytes in deep murine brain with a fiber laser. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7950. [PMID: 33846422 PMCID: PMC8041775 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86924-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we demonstrate high-pulse-energy multiphoton microscopy (MPM) for intravital imaging of neurons and oligodendrocytes in the murine brain. Pulses with an order of magnitude higher energy (~ 10 nJ) were employed from a ytterbium doped fiber laser source at a 1-MHz repetition rate, as compared to the standard 80-MHz Ti:Sapphire laser. Intravital imaging was performed on mice expressing common fluorescent proteins, including green (GFP) and yellow fluorescent proteins (YFP), and TagRFPt. One fifth of the average power could be used for superior depths of MPM imaging, as compared to the Ti:Sapphire laser: A depth of ~ 860 µm was obtained by imaging the Thy1-YFP brain in vivo with 6.5 mW, and cortical myelin as deep as 400 µm ex vivo by intrinsic third-harmonic generation using 50 mW. The substantially higher pulse energy enables novel regimes of photophysics to be exploited for microscopic imaging. The limitation from higher order phototoxicity is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Redlich
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Department of Physics, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Brad Prall
- Clark-MXR, Inc., 7300 W. Huron River Drive, Dexter, MI, 48130, USA
| | | | - Yevgeniy Busarov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | | | - Arafat Meah
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Hyungsik Lim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Department of Physics, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
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17
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Schmidt E, Oheim M. Infrared Excitation Induces Heating and Calcium Microdomain Hyperactivity in Cortical Astrocytes. Biophys J 2020; 119:2153-2165. [PMID: 33130118 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Unraveling how neural networks process and represent sensory information and how these cellular signals instruct behavioral output is a main goal in neuroscience. Two-photon activation of optogenetic actuators and calcium (Ca2+) imaging with genetically encoded indicators allow, respectively, the all-optical stimulation and readout of activity from genetically identified cell populations. However, these techniques locally expose the brain to high near-infrared light doses, raising the concern of light-induced adverse effects on the biology under study. Combining 2P imaging of Ca2+ transients in GCaMP6f-expressing cortical astrocytes and unbiased machine-based event detection, we demonstrate the subtle build-up of aberrant microdomain Ca2+ transients in the fine astroglial processes that depended on the average rather than peak laser power. Illumination conditions routinely being used in biological 2P microscopy (920-nm excitation, ∼100-fs, and ∼10 mW average power) increased the frequency of microdomain Ca2+ events but left their amplitude, area, and duration largely unchanged. Ca2+ transients in the otherwise silent soma were secondary to this peripheral hyperactivity that occurred without overt morphological damage. Continuous-wave (nonpulsed) 920-nm illumination at the same average power was as damaging as femtosecond pulses, unraveling the dominance of a heating-mediated damage mechanism. In an astrocyte-specific inositol 3-phosphate receptor type-2 knockout mouse, near-infrared light-induced Ca2+ microdomains persisted in the small processes, underpinning their resemblance to physiological inositol 3-phosphate receptor type-2-independent Ca2+ signals, whereas somatic hyperactivity was abolished. We conclude that, contrary to what has generally been believed in the field, shorter pulses and lower average power can help to alleviate damage and allow for longer recording windows at 920 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Schmidt
- Université de Paris, SPPIN - Saints-Pères Paris Institute for the Neurosciences, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Martin Oheim
- Université de Paris, SPPIN - Saints-Pères Paris Institute for the Neurosciences, CNRS, Paris, France.
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18
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Maioli V, Boniface A, Mahou P, Ortas JF, Abdeladim L, Beaurepaire E, Supatto W. Fast in vivo multiphoton light-sheet microscopy with optimal pulse frequency. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:6012-6026. [PMID: 33150002 PMCID: PMC7587280 DOI: 10.1364/boe.400113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Improving the imaging speed of multiphoton microscopy is an active research field. Among recent strategies, light-sheet illumination holds distinctive advantages for achieving fast imaging in vivo. However, photoperturbation in multiphoton light-sheet microscopy remains poorly investigated. We show here that the heart beat rate of zebrafish embryos is a sensitive probe of linear and nonlinear photoperturbations. By analyzing its behavior with respect to laser power, pulse frequency and wavelength, we derive guidelines to find the best balance between signal and photoperturbation. We then demonstrate one order-of-magnitude signal enhancement over previous implementations by optimizing the laser pulse frequency. These results open new opportunities for fast live tissue imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Maioli
- Laboratory for Optics and Biosciences, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Antoine Boniface
- Laboratory for Optics and Biosciences, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Pierre Mahou
- Laboratory for Optics and Biosciences, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Júlia Ferrer Ortas
- Laboratory for Optics and Biosciences, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Lamiae Abdeladim
- Laboratory for Optics and Biosciences, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Emmanuel Beaurepaire
- Laboratory for Optics and Biosciences, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Willy Supatto
- Laboratory for Optics and Biosciences, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
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19
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Abstract
High-resolution imaging techniques capable of detecting identifiable endogenous fluorophores in the eye along with genetic testing will dramatically improve diagnostic capabilities in the ophthalmology clinic and accelerate the development of new treatments for blinding diseases. Two-photon excitation (TPE)-based imaging overcomes the filtering of ultraviolet light by the lens of the human eye and thus can be utilized to discover defects in vitamin A metabolism during the regeneration of the visual pigments required for the detection of light. Combining TPE with fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) and spectral analyses offers the potential of detecting diseases of the retina at earlier stages before irreversible structural damage has occurred. The main barriers to realizing the benefits of TPE for imaging the human retina arise from concerns about the high light exposure typically needed for informative TPE imaging and the requirement to correlate the ensuing data with different states of health and disease. To overcome these hurdles, we improved TPE efficiency by controlling temporal properties of the excitation light and employed phasor analyses to FLIM and spectral data in mouse models of retinal diseases. Modeling of retinal photodamage revealed that plasma-mediated effects do not play a role and that melanin-related thermal effects are mitigated by reducing pulse repetition frequency. By using noninvasive TPE imaging we identified molecular components of individual granules in the retinal pigment epithelium and present their analytical characteristics.
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20
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Czechowska K, Lannigan J, Wang L, Arcidiacono J, Ashhurst TM, Barnard RM, Bauer S, Bispo C, Bonilla DL, Brinkman RR, Cabanski M, Chang HD, Chakrabarti L, Chojnowski G, Cotleur B, Degheidy H, Dela Cruz GV, Eck S, Elliott J, Errington R, Filby A, Gagnon D, Gardner R, Green C, Gregory M, Groves CJ, Hall C, Hammes F, Hedrick M, Hoffman R, Icha J, Ivaska J, Jenner DC, Jones D, Kerckhof FM, Kukat C, Lanham D, Leavesley S, Lee M, Lin-Gibson S, Litwin V, Liu Y, Molloy J, Moore JS, Müller S, Nedbal J, Niesner R, Nitta N, Ohlsson-Wilhelm B, Paul NE, Perfetto S, Portat Z, Props R, Radtke S, Rayanki R, Rieger A, Rogers S, Rubbens P, Salomon R, Schiemann M, Sharpe J, Sonder SU, Stewart JJ, Sun Y, Ulrich H, Van Isterdael G, Vitaliti A, van Vreden C, Weber M, Zimmermann J, Vacca G, Wallace P, Tárnok A. Cyt-Geist: Current and Future Challenges in Cytometry: Reports of the CYTO 2018 Conference Workshops. Cytometry A 2020; 95:598-644. [PMID: 31207046 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Joanne Lannigan
- Flow Cytometry Core, University of Virginia, School of Medicine, 1300 Jefferson Park Ave., Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Lili Wang
- Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 8312, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Judith Arcidiacono
- Office of Tissues and Advanced Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Thomas M Ashhurst
- Sydney Cytometry Facility, Discipline of Pathology, and Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney and Centenary Institute, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ruth M Barnard
- GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Herts SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Steven Bauer
- Office of Tissues and Advanced Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Cláudia Bispo
- UCSF Parnassus Flow Cytometry Core Facility, 513 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, California
| | - Diana L Bonilla
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ryan R Brinkman
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Maciej Cabanski
- Novartis Pharma AG, Fabrikstrasse 10-4.27.02, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hyun-Dong Chang
- Schwiete-Laboratory Microbiota and Inflammation, German Rheumatism Research Centre Berlin (DRFZ), a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lina Chakrabarti
- Research and Development, MedImmune, an AstraZeneca Company, One Medimmune Way, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Grace Chojnowski
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | | | - Heba Degheidy
- Office of Tissues and Advanced Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Gelo V Dela Cruz
- Flow Cytometry Platform, Novo Nordisk Center for Stem Cell Biology - Danstem, University of Copenhagen, 3B Blegdamsvej, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Steven Eck
- Research and Development, MedImmune, an AstraZeneca Company, One Medimmune Way, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - John Elliott
- Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 8312, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | | | - Andy Filby
- Newcastle University, Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear NE1 7RU, UK
| | | | - Rui Gardner
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Flow Cytometry Core, New York, New York
| | | | - Michael Gregory
- Division of Advanced Research Technologies, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Christopher J Groves
- Research and Development, MedImmune, an AstraZeneca Company, One Medimmune Way, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | | | - Frederik Hammes
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Jaroslav Icha
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Johanna Ivaska
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Dominic C Jenner
- Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Chemical Biological and Radiological Division, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire SP4 0JQ, UK
| | | | - Frederiek-Maarten Kerckhof
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Christian Kukat
- FACS & Imaging Core Facility, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, 50931, Köln, Germany
| | | | | | - Michael Lee
- The University California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, California
| | - Sheng Lin-Gibson
- Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 8312, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Virginia Litwin
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Flow Cytometry Core, New York, New York
| | | | - Jenny Molloy
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, UK
| | | | - Susann Müller
- Working Group Flow Cytometry, Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jakub Nedbal
- Marylou Ingram ISAC Scholar, King's College London, UK
| | - Raluca Niesner
- Marylou Ingram ISAC Scholar, German Rheumatism Research Centre, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nao Nitta
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo
| | - Betsy Ohlsson-Wilhelm
- SciGro, North Central Office, Foster Plaza 5, Suite 300/PMB 20, 651 Holiday Drive, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Nicole E Paul
- LMA CyTOF Core, Dana-Faber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Stephen Perfetto
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health (NIH), 40 Convent Drive, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ziv Portat
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Life Sciences Core Facilities, Flow Cytometry Unit, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Ruben Props
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stefan Radtke
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, Washington
| | - Radhika Rayanki
- Research and Development, MedImmune, an AstraZeneca Company, One Medimmune Way, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Aja Rieger
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry Flow Cytometry Facility, Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Alberta, 6-020C Katz Group Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, Canada
| | - Samson Rogers
- TTP plc, Melbourn Science Park, Melbourn, Hertfordshire SG8 6EE, UK
| | - Peter Rubbens
- KERMIT, Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Robert Salomon
- Garvan-Weizmann Centre for Cellular Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Matthias Schiemann
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - John Sharpe
- Cytonome/ST LLC, 9 Oak Park Drive, Bedford, Massachusetts
| | | | - Jennifer J Stewart
- Flow Contract Site Laboratory, LLC 18323, Bothell, Everett Highway, Suite 110, Bothell, Washington
| | | | - Henning Ulrich
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gert Van Isterdael
- VIB Flow Core, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Caryn van Vreden
- Sydney Cytometry Facility and Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology, The University of Sydney and Centenary Institute, Camperdown, New South Wales 2050, Australia
| | - Michael Weber
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jacob Zimmermann
- Mucosal Immunology and Host-Microbial Mutualism laboratories, Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Paul Wallace
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York
| | - Attila Tárnok
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Department Therapy Validation, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, Leipzig, Germany
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21
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Karpf S, Riche CT, Di Carlo D, Goel A, Zeiger WA, Suresh A, Portera-Cailliau C, Jalali B. Spectro-temporal encoded multiphoton microscopy and fluorescence lifetime imaging at kilohertz frame-rates. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2062. [PMID: 32346060 PMCID: PMC7188897 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15618-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-Photon Microscopy has become an invaluable tool for biological and medical research, providing high sensitivity, molecular specificity, inherent three-dimensional sub-cellular resolution and deep tissue penetration. In terms of imaging speeds, however, mechanical scanners still limit the acquisition rates to typically 10-100 frames per second. Here we present a high-speed non-linear microscope achieving kilohertz frame rates by employing pulse-modulated, rapidly wavelength-swept lasers and inertia-free beam steering through angular dispersion. In combination with a high bandwidth, single-photon sensitive detector, this enables recording of fluorescent lifetimes at speeds of 88 million pixels per second. We show high resolution, multi-modal - two-photon fluorescence and fluorescence lifetime (FLIM) - microscopy and imaging flow cytometry with a digitally reconfigurable laser, imaging system and data acquisition system. These high speeds should enable high-speed and high-throughput image-assisted cell sorting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Karpf
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computational Science, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA-90095, USA.
- Institute of Biomedical Optics (BMO), University of Luebeck, 23562, Luebeck, Germany.
| | - Carson T Riche
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA-90095, USA
| | - Dino Di Carlo
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA-90095, USA
| | - Anubhuti Goel
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA-90095, USA
| | - William A Zeiger
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA-90095, USA
| | - Anand Suresh
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA-90095, USA
| | - Carlos Portera-Cailliau
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA-90095, USA
| | - Bahram Jalali
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computational Science, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA-90095, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA-90095, USA
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22
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Abu-Siniyeh A, Al-Zyoud W. Highlights on selected microscopy techniques to study zebrafish developmental biology. Lab Anim Res 2020; 36:12. [PMID: 32346532 PMCID: PMC7178987 DOI: 10.1186/s42826-020-00044-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bio-imaging is a tedious task when it concerns exploring cell functions, developmental mechanisms, and other vital processes in vivo. Single-cell resolution is challenging due to different issues such as sample size, the scattering of intact and opaque tissue, pigmentation in untreated animals, the movement of living organs, and maintaining the sample under physiological conditions. These factors might lead researchers to implement microscopy techniques with a suitable animal model to mimic the nature of the living cells. Zebrafish acquired its prestigious reputation in the biomedical research field due to its transparency under advanced microscopes. Therefore, various microscopy techniques, including Multi-Photon, Light-Sheet Microscopy, and Second Harmonic Generation, simplify the discovery of different types of internal functions in zebrafish. In this review, we briefly discuss three recent microscopy techniques that are being utilized because they are non-invasive in investigating developmental events in zebrafish embryo and larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abu-Siniyeh
- 1Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Science, Taif University, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Walid Al-Zyoud
- 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Applied Medical Sciences, German Jordanian University, Amman, Jordan
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23
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Picot A, Dominguez S, Liu C, Chen IW, Tanese D, Ronzitti E, Berto P, Papagiakoumou E, Oron D, Tessier G, Forget BC, Emiliani V. Temperature Rise under Two-Photon Optogenetic Brain Stimulation. Cell Rep 2019; 24:1243-1253.e5. [PMID: 30067979 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.06.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, optogenetics has been transforming neuroscience research, enabling neuroscientists to drive and read neural circuits. The recent development in illumination approaches combined with two-photon (2P) excitation, either sequential or parallel, has opened the route for brain circuit manipulation with single-cell resolution and millisecond temporal precision. Yet, the high excitation power required for multi-target photostimulation, especially under 2P illumination, raises questions about the induced local heating inside samples. Here, we present and experimentally validate a theoretical model that makes it possible to simulate 3D light propagation and heat diffusion in optically scattering samples at high spatial and temporal resolution under the illumination configurations most commonly used to perform 2P optogenetics: single- and multi-spot holographic illumination and spiral laser scanning. By investigating the effects of photostimulation repetition rate, spot spacing, and illumination dependence of heat diffusion, we found conditions that make it possible to design a multi-target 2P optogenetics experiment with minimal sample heating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Picot
- Wavefront-Engineering Microscopy Group, Neurophotonics Laboratory, UMR 8250 CNRS, University Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Soledad Dominguez
- Wavefront-Engineering Microscopy Group, Neurophotonics Laboratory, UMR 8250 CNRS, University Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Chang Liu
- Holographic Microscopy Group, Neurophotonics Laboratory, UMR 8250 CNRS, University Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de la Vision, 17 Rue Moreau, 75011 Paris, France
| | - I-Wen Chen
- Wavefront-Engineering Microscopy Group, Neurophotonics Laboratory, UMR 8250 CNRS, University Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Dimitrii Tanese
- Wavefront-Engineering Microscopy Group, Neurophotonics Laboratory, UMR 8250 CNRS, University Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Emiliano Ronzitti
- Wavefront-Engineering Microscopy Group, Neurophotonics Laboratory, UMR 8250 CNRS, University Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de la Vision, 17 Rue Moreau, 75011 Paris, France
| | - Pascal Berto
- Holographic Microscopy Group, Neurophotonics Laboratory, UMR 8250 CNRS, University Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Eirini Papagiakoumou
- Wavefront-Engineering Microscopy Group, Neurophotonics Laboratory, UMR 8250 CNRS, University Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006 Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Paris, France
| | - Dan Oron
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Gilles Tessier
- Holographic Microscopy Group, Neurophotonics Laboratory, UMR 8250 CNRS, University Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de la Vision, 17 Rue Moreau, 75011 Paris, France
| | - Benoît C Forget
- Wavefront-Engineering Microscopy Group, Neurophotonics Laboratory, UMR 8250 CNRS, University Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Valentina Emiliani
- Wavefront-Engineering Microscopy Group, Neurophotonics Laboratory, UMR 8250 CNRS, University Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006 Paris, France.
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24
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König TT, Goedeke J, Muensterer OJ. Multiphoton microscopy in surgical oncology- a systematic review and guide for clinical translatability. Surg Oncol 2019; 31:119-131. [PMID: 31654957 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2019.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) facilitates three-dimensional, high-resolution functional imaging of unlabeled tissues in vivo and ex vivo. This systematic review discusses the diagnostic value, advantages and challenges in the practical use of MPM in surgical oncology. METHOD AND FINDINGS A Medline search was conducted in April 2019. Fifty-three original research papers investigating MPM compared to standard histology in human patients with solid tumors were identified. A qualitative synopsis and meta-analysis of 14 blinded studies was performed. Risk of bias and applicability were evaluated. MPM can image fresh, frozen or fixed tissues up to a depth 1000 μm in the z-plane. Best results including functional imaging and virtual histochemistry are obtained by in vivo imaging or scanning fresh tissue immediately after excision. Two-photon excited fluorescence by natural fluorophores of the cytoplasm and second harmonic generation signals by fluorophores of the extracellular matrix can be scanned simultaneously, providing high resolution optical histochemistry comparable to standard histology. Functional parameters like fluorescence lifetime imaging or optical redox ratio provide additional objective information. A major concern is inability to visualize the nucleus. However, in a subpopulation analysis of 440 specimens, MPM yielded a sensitivity of 94%, specificity of 96% and accuracy of 95% for the detection of malignant tissue. CONCLUSION MPM is a promising emerging technique in surgical oncology. Ex vivo imaging has high sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for the detection of tumor cells. For broad clinical application in vivo, technical challenges need to be resolved.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jan Goedeke
- Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Mainz, Germany
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25
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Boppart SA, You S, Li L, Chen J, Tu H. Simultaneous label-free autofluorescence-multiharmonic microscopy and beyond. APL PHOTONICS 2019; 4:100901. [PMID: 33585678 PMCID: PMC7880241 DOI: 10.1063/1.5098349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Without sophisticated data inversion algorithms, nonlinear optical microscopy can acquire images at subcellular resolution and relatively large depth, with plausible endogenous contrasts indicative of authentic biological and pathological states. Although independent contrasts have been derived by sequentially imaging the same sample plane or volume under different and often optimized excitation conditions, new laser source engineering with inputs from key biomolecules surprisingly enable real-time simultaneous acquisition of multiple endogenous molecular contrasts to segment a rich set of cellular and extracellular components. Since this development allows simple single-beam single-shot excitation and simultaneous multicontrast epidirected signal detection, the resulting platform avoids perturbative sample pretreatments such as fluorescent labeling, mechanical sectioning, scarce or interdependent contrast generation, constraints to the sample or imaging geometry, and intraimaging motion artifacts that have limited in vivo nonlinear optical molecular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A. Boppart
- Biophotonics Imaging Laboratory, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Sixian You
- Biophotonics Imaging Laboratory, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Lianhuang Li
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Jianxin Chen
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Haohua Tu
- Biophotonics Imaging Laboratory, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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26
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Lv B, Liu C, Chen Y, Qi L, Wang L, Ji Y, Xue Z. Light-induced injury in mouse embryos revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing. Biol Res 2019; 52:48. [PMID: 31466525 PMCID: PMC6716870 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-019-0256-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Light exposure is a common stress factor in in vitro manipulation of embryos in the reproductive center. Many studies have shown the deleterious effects of high-intensity light exposure in different animal embryos. However, no transcriptomic studies have explored the light-induced injury and response in preimplantation embryos. Results Here, we adopt different time-courses and illumination intensities to treat mouse embryos at the 2-cell stage and evaluate their effects on blastulation. Meanwhile, single-cell transcriptomes from the 2-cell to blastocyst stage were analyzed after high-intensity light exposure. These data show that cells at each embryonic stage can be categorized into different light conditions. Further analyses of differentially expressed genes and GO terms revealed the light-induced injury as well as the potential repair response after high-intensity lighting. Maternal-to-zygote transition is also affected by the failure to remove maternal RNAs and deactivate zygotic genome expression. Conclusion Our work revealed an integrated response to high-intensity lighting, involving morphological changes, long-lasting injury effects, and intracellular damage repair mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Lv
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Chaojie Liu
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Life Sciences and Environment, Avans University of Applied Sciences, Breda, 4818 AJ, The Netherlands
| | - Lingbin Qi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yazhong Ji
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China.
| | - Zhigang Xue
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China. .,Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China.
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27
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Optical Tweezers: Phototoxicity and Thermal Stress in Cells and Biomolecules. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:mi10080507. [PMID: 31370251 PMCID: PMC6722566 DOI: 10.3390/mi10080507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
For several decades optical tweezers have proven to be an invaluable tool in the study and analysis of myriad biological responses and applications. However, as with every tool, they can have undesirable or damaging effects upon the very sample they are helping to study. In this review the main negative effects of optical tweezers upon biostructures and living systems will be presented. There are three main areas on which the review will focus: linear optical excitation within the tweezers, non-linear photonic effects, and thermal load upon the sampled volume. Additional information is provided on negative mechanical effects of optical traps on biological structures. Strategies to avoid or, at least, minimize these negative effects will be introduced. Finally, all these effects, undesirable for the most, can have positive applications under the right conditions. Some hints in this direction will also be discussed.
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28
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Abstract
Embryonic development is highly complex and dynamic, requiring the coordination of numerous molecular and cellular events at precise times and places. Advances in imaging technology have made it possible to follow developmental processes at cellular, tissue, and organ levels over time as they take place in the intact embryo. Parallel innovations of in vivo probes permit imaging to report on molecular, physiological, and anatomical events of embryogenesis, but the resulting multidimensional data sets pose significant challenges for extracting knowledge. In this review, we discuss recent and emerging advances in imaging technologies, in vivo labeling, and data processing that offer the greatest potential for jointly deciphering the intricate cellular dynamics and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Our discussion of the emerging area of “image-omics” highlights both the challenges of data analysis and the promise of more fully embracing computation and data science for rapidly advancing our understanding of biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Cutrale
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
- Translational Imaging Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Scott E. Fraser
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
- Translational Imaging Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
- Division of Molecular and Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Le A. Trinh
- Translational Imaging Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
- Division of Molecular and Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
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29
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Liang XX, Zhang Z, Vogel A. Multi-rate-equation modeling of the energy spectrum of laser-induced conduction band electrons in water. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:4672-4693. [PMID: 30876080 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.004672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We study the energy spectrum of laser-induced conduction band (CB) electrons in water by multi-rate equations (MRE) with different impact ionization schemes. Rethfeld's MRE model [Phys. Rev. Lett.92, 187401(2004)Phys. Rev.B 79, 155424(2009)], but the corresponding rate equations are computationally very expensive. We introduce a simplified splitting scheme and corresponding rate equations that still agree with energy conservation but enable the derivation of an asymptotic SRE. This approach is well suited for the calculation of energy spectra at long pulse durations and high irradiance, and for combination with spatiotemporal beam propagation/plasma formation models. Using the energy-conserving MREs, we present the time-evolution of CB electron density and energy spectrum during femtosecond breakdown as well as the irradiance dependence of free-electron density, energy spectrum, volumetric energy density, and plasma temperature. These data are relevant for understanding photodamage pathways in nonlinear microscopy, free-electron-mediated modifications of biomolecules in laser surgery, and laser processing of transparent dielectrics in general.
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30
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Boyce B, Samsonova N. Novel millimeter-wave-based method for in situ cell isolation and other applications. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14755. [PMID: 30282995 PMCID: PMC6170430 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32950-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
As an alternative to laser-based methods, we developed a novel in situ cell isolation method and instrument based on local water absorption of millimeter wave (MMW) radiation that occurs in cellular material and nearby culture medium while the cultureware materials (plastic and glass) are transparent to MMW frequencies. Unwanted cells within cell population are targeted with MMWs in order to kill them by overheating. The instrument rapidly (within 2-3 seconds) heats a cell culture area of about 500 µm in diameter to 50 °C using a low-power W-band (94 GHz) MMW source. Heated cells in the area detach from the substrate and can be removed by a media change leaving a bare spot. Hence we named the instrument "CellEraser". Quick, local and non-contact heating with sharp boundaries of the heated area allows elimination of the unwanted cells without affecting the neighboring cells. The instrument is implemented as a compact microscope attachment and the selective hyperthermic treatment can be done manually or in an automated mode. Mammalian cells heated even momentarily above 50 °C will not survive. This "temperature of no return" does not compromise cellular membranes nor does it denature proteins. Using the CellEraser instrument we found that the key event that determines the fate of a cell at elevated temperatures is whether or not the selectivity of its nucleus is compromised. If a cell nucleus becomes "leaky" allowing normally excluded (cytoplasmic) proteins in and normally nuclear-localized proteins out, that cell is destined to die. Quick heating by MMWs to higher temperatures (70 °C) denatures cellular proteins but the cells are not able to detach from the substrate - instead they undergo a phenomenon we called "thermofixation": such cells look similar to cells fixed with common chemical fixatives. They remain flat and are not washable from the substrate. Interestingly, their membranes become permeable to DNA dyes and even to antibodies. Thermofixation allows the use of western blot antibodies for immunofluorescence imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barney Boyce
- In Vivo Scientific, LLC 5 Gybe Ho Ct, Salem, SC, 26976, USA
| | - Natalia Samsonova
- CellEraser, LLC 15649 Century Lake Dr., Chesterfield, MO, 63017, USA.
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31
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Guesmi K, Abdeladim L, Tozer S, Mahou P, Kumamoto T, Jurkus K, Rigaud P, Loulier K, Dray N, Georges P, Hanna M, Livet J, Supatto W, Beaurepaire E, Druon F. Dual-color deep-tissue three-photon microscopy with a multiband infrared laser. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2018; 7:12. [PMID: 30839589 PMCID: PMC6107000 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-018-0012-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Multiphoton microscopy combined with genetically encoded fluorescent indicators is a central tool in biology. Three-photon (3P) microscopy with excitation in the short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) water transparency bands at 1.3 and 1.7 µm opens up new opportunities for deep-tissue imaging. However, novel strategies are needed to enable in-depth multicolor fluorescence imaging and fully develop such an imaging approach. Here, we report on a novel multiband SWIR source that simultaneously emits ultrashort pulses at 1.3 and 1.7 µm that has characteristics optimized for 3P microscopy: sub-70 fs duration, 1.25 MHz repetition rate, and µJ-range pulse energy. In turn, we achieve simultaneous 3P excitation of green fluorescent protein (GFP) and red fluorescent proteins (mRFP, mCherry, tdTomato) along with third-harmonic generation. We demonstrate in-depth dual-color 3P imaging in a fixed mouse brain, chick embryo spinal cord, and live adult zebrafish brain, with an improved signal-to-background ratio compared to multicolor two-photon imaging. This development opens the way towards multiparametric imaging deep within scattering tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khmaies Guesmi
- Laboratory Charles Fabry, Institut d’Optique Graduate School, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Lamiae Abdeladim
- Laboratory for Optics and Biosciences, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERM, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Samuel Tozer
- Vision Institute, CNRS Sorbonne Universités, Université Paris 6, INSERM, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Pierre Mahou
- Laboratory for Optics and Biosciences, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERM, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Takuma Kumamoto
- Vision Institute, CNRS Sorbonne Universités, Université Paris 6, INSERM, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Karolis Jurkus
- Laboratory Charles Fabry, Institut d’Optique Graduate School, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Philippe Rigaud
- Laboratory Charles Fabry, Institut d’Optique Graduate School, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Karine Loulier
- Vision Institute, CNRS Sorbonne Universités, Université Paris 6, INSERM, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Dray
- Zebrafish Neurogenetics Unit, Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Department, Institut Pasteur, CNRS, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Patrick Georges
- Laboratory Charles Fabry, Institut d’Optique Graduate School, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Marc Hanna
- Laboratory Charles Fabry, Institut d’Optique Graduate School, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Jean Livet
- Vision Institute, CNRS Sorbonne Universités, Université Paris 6, INSERM, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Willy Supatto
- Laboratory for Optics and Biosciences, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERM, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Emmanuel Beaurepaire
- Laboratory for Optics and Biosciences, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERM, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Frédéric Druon
- Laboratory Charles Fabry, Institut d’Optique Graduate School, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
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32
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Intravital imaging by simultaneous label-free autofluorescence-multiharmonic microscopy. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2125. [PMID: 29844371 PMCID: PMC5974075 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04470-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intravital microscopy (IVM) emerged and matured as a powerful tool for elucidating pathways in biological processes. Although label-free multiphoton IVM is attractive for its non-perturbative nature, its wide application has been hindered, mostly due to the limited contrast of each imaging modality and the challenge to integrate them. Here we introduce simultaneous label-free autofluorescence-multiharmonic (SLAM) microscopy, a single-excitation source nonlinear imaging platform that uses a custom-designed excitation window at 1110 nm and shaped ultrafast pulses at 10 MHz to enable fast (2-orders-of-magnitude improvement), simultaneous, and efficient acquisition of autofluorescence (FAD and NADH) and second/third harmonic generation from a wide array of cellular and extracellular components (e.g., tumor cells, immune cells, vesicles, and vessels) in living tissue using only 14 mW for extended time-lapse investigations. Our work demonstrates the versatility and efficiency of SLAM microscopy for tracking cellular events in vivo, and is a major enabling advance in label-free IVM. Label-free and real-time visualization of the tumor microenvironment is attractive but challenging. Here the authors present an approach for simultaneous autofluorescence functional imaging and second/third harmonic generation imaging of structural features, using a single excitation source.
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33
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Icha J, Weber M, Waters JC, Norden C. Phototoxicity in live fluorescence microscopy, and how to avoid it. Bioessays 2017; 39. [DOI: 10.1002/bies.201700003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav Icha
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics; Dresden; Germany
| | - Michael Weber
- Department of Cell Biology; Harvard Medical School; Boston MA USA
| | | | - Caren Norden
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics; Dresden; Germany
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34
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Genthial R, Beaurepaire E, Schanne-Klein MC, Peyrin F, Farlay D, Olivier C, Bala Y, Boivin G, Vial JC, Débarre D, Gourrier A. Label-free imaging of bone multiscale porosity and interfaces using third-harmonic generation microscopy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3419. [PMID: 28611441 PMCID: PMC5469828 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03548-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Interfaces provide the structural basis of essential bone functions. In the hierarchical structure of bone tissue, heterogeneities such as porosity or boundaries are found at scales ranging from nanometers to millimeters, all of which contributing to macroscopic properties. To date, however, the complexity or limitations of currently used imaging methods restrict our understanding of this functional integration. Here we address this issue using label-free third-harmonic generation (THG) microscopy. We find that the porous lacuno-canalicular network (LCN), revealing the geometry of osteocytes in the bone matrix, can be directly visualized in 3D with submicron precision over millimetric fields of view compatible with histology. THG also reveals interfaces delineating volumes formed at successive remodeling stages. Finally, we show that the structure of the LCN can be analyzed in relation with that of the extracellular matrix and larger-scale structures by simultaneously recording THG and second-harmonic generation (SHG) signals relating to the collagen organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Genthial
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LIPHY, F-38000, Grenoble, France.,CNRS, LIPHY, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Emmanuel Beaurepaire
- LOB, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, Inserm, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91120, Palaiseau, France
| | | | - Françoise Peyrin
- Université de Lyon, CREATIS, CNRS UMR5220, Inserm U1206, INSA-Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon 1, France.,ESRF, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Delphine Farlay
- INSERM, UMR 1033, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, F-69008, Lyon, France.,Université de Lyon, F-69008, Lyon, France
| | - Cécile Olivier
- Université de Lyon, CREATIS, CNRS UMR5220, Inserm U1206, INSA-Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon 1, France.,ESRF, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Yohann Bala
- INSERM, UMR 1033, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, F-69008, Lyon, France.,Université de Lyon, F-69008, Lyon, France
| | - Georges Boivin
- INSERM, UMR 1033, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, F-69008, Lyon, France.,Université de Lyon, F-69008, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Claude Vial
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LIPHY, F-38000, Grenoble, France.,CNRS, LIPHY, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Delphine Débarre
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LIPHY, F-38000, Grenoble, France. .,CNRS, LIPHY, F-38000, Grenoble, France.
| | - Aurélien Gourrier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LIPHY, F-38000, Grenoble, France.,CNRS, LIPHY, F-38000, Grenoble, France
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35
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Rowlands CJ, Park D, Bruns OT, Piatkevich KD, Fukumura D, Jain RK, Bawendi MG, Boyden ES, So PTC. Wide-field three-photon excitation in biological samples. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2017; 6:e16255. [PMID: 29152380 PMCID: PMC5687557 DOI: 10.1038/lsa.2016.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Three-photon wide-field depth-resolved excitation is used to overcome some of the limitations in conventional point-scanning two- and three-photon microscopy. Excitation of chromophores as diverse as channelrhodopsins and quantum dots is shown, and a penetration depth of more than 700 μm into fixed scattering brain tissue is achieved, approximately twice as deep as that achieved using two-photon wide-field excitation. Compatibility with live animal experiments is confirmed by imaging the cerebral vasculature of an anesthetized mouse; a complete focal stack was obtained without any evidence of photodamage. As an additional validation of the utility of wide-field three-photon excitation, functional excitation is demonstrated by performing three-photon optogenetic stimulation of cultured mouse hippocampal neurons expressing a channelrhodopsin; action potentials could reliably be excited without causing photodamage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Rowlands
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Demian Park
- Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Oliver T Bruns
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Kiryl D Piatkevich
- Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Dai Fukumura
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Rakesh K Jain
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Moungi G Bawendi
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Edward S Boyden
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, McGovern Institute and MIT Center for Neurobiological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA
| | - Peter TC So
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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36
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Huang JY, Guo LZ, Wang JZ, Li TC, Lee HJ, Chiu PK, Peng LH, Liu TM. Fiber-based 1150-nm femtosecond laser source for the minimally invasive harmonic generation microscopy. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2017; 22:36008. [PMID: 28271123 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.22.3.036008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Harmonic generation microscopy (HGM) has become one unique tool of optical virtual biopsy for the diagnosis of cancer and the in vivo cytometry of leukocytes. Without labeling, HGM can reveal the submicron features of tissues and cells in vivo. For deep imaging depth and minimal invasiveness, people commonly adopt 1100- to 1300-nm femtosecond laser sources. However, those lasers are typically based on bulky oscillators whose performances are sensitive to environmental conditions. We demonstrate a fiber-based 1150-nm femtosecond laser source, with 6.5-nJ pulse energy, 86-fs pulse width, and 11.25-MHz pulse repetition rate. It was obtained by a bismuth borate or magnesium-doped periodically poled lithium niobate (MgO:PPLN) mediated frequency doubling of the 2300-nm solitons, generated from an excitation of 1550-nm femtosecond pulses on a large mode area photonic crystal fiber. Combined with a home-built laser scanned microscope and a tailor-made frame grabber, we achieve a pulse-per-pixel HGM imaging in vivo at a 30-Hz frame rate. This integrated solution has the potential to be developed as a stable HGM system for routine clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yu Huang
- National Taiwan University, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lun-Zhang Guo
- National Taiwan University, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Zun Wang
- National Taiwan University, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Chung Li
- National Taiwan University, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Jung Lee
- National Taiwan University, Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Kai Chiu
- Instrument Technology Research Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Lung-Han Peng
- National Taiwan University, Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ming Liu
- National Taiwan University, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei, TaiwandUniversity of Macau, Faculty of Health Sciences, Taipa, Macao SAR, ChinaeNational Taiwan University, Molecular Imaging Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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37
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van Grinsven E, Prunier C, Vrisekoop N, Ritsma L. Two-Photon Intravital Microscopy Animal Preparation Protocol to Study Cellular Dynamics in Pathogenesis. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1563:51-71. [PMID: 28324601 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6810-7_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Two-photon intravital microscopy (2P-IVM) is an advanced imaging platform that allows the visualization of dynamic processes at subcellular resolution in vivo. Dynamic processes like cell migration, cell proliferation, cell-cell interactions, and cell signaling have an interactive character and occur in complex environments. Hence, it is of pivotal importance to study these processes in living animals, using for example 2P-IVM. 2P-IVM can be performed on a variety of tissues, from the skin of the animal to internal organs, and a variety of methods can be utilized to perform 2P-IVM on these tissues. Here, we discuss the protocols and considerations for four of those 2P-IVM methods, namely tissue explant imaging, skin imaging, surgical exposure imaging, and multi-day window imaging. We carefully compare and explain in depth how to set up each method. Lastly, in the notes section we mention some alternative solutions for the 2P-IVM methods described. In conclusion, this protocol can be used as a guide towards deciding which 2P-IVM method to use and to enable the setup of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erinke van Grinsven
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Chloé Prunier
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nienke Vrisekoop
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Laila Ritsma
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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38
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Daetwyler S, Huisken J. Fast Fluorescence Microscopy with Light Sheets. THE BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN 2016; 231:14-25. [PMID: 27638692 DOI: 10.1086/689588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In light sheet microscopy, optical sectioning by selective fluorescence excitation with a sheet of light is combined with fast full-frame acquisition. This illumination scheme provides minimal photobleaching and phototoxicity. Complemented with remote focusing and multi-view acquisition, light sheet microscopy is the method of choice for acquisition of very fast biological processes, large samples, and high-throughput applications in areas such as neuroscience, plant biology, and developmental biology. This review explains why light sheet microscopes are much faster and gentler than other established fluorescence microscopy techniques. New volumetric imaging schemes and highlights of selected biological applications are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Daetwyler
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jan Huisken
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) typically causes devastating neurological deficits, particularly through damage to fibers descending from the brain to the spinal cord. A major current area of research is focused on the mechanisms of adaptive plasticity that underlie spontaneous or induced functional recovery following SCI. Spontaneous functional recovery is reported to be greater early in life, raising interesting questions about how adaptive plasticity changes as the spinal cord develops. To facilitate investigation of this dynamic, we have developed a SCI model in the neonatal mouse. The model has relevance for pediatric SCI, which is too little studied. Because neural plasticity in the adult involves some of the same mechanisms as neural plasticity in early life1, this model may potentially have some relevance also for adult SCI. Here we describe the entire procedure for generating a reproducible spinal cord compression (SCC) injury in the neonatal mouse as early as postnatal (P) day 1. SCC is achieved by performing a laminectomy at a given spinal level (here described at thoracic levels 9-11) and then using a modified Yasargil aneurysm mini-clip to rapidly compress and decompress the spinal cord. As previously described, the injured neonatal mice can be tested for behavioral deficits or sacrificed for ex vivo physiological analysis of synaptic connectivity using electrophysiological and high-throughput optical recording techniques1. Earlier and ongoing studies using behavioral and physiological assessment have demonstrated a dramatic, acute impairment of hindlimb motility followed by a complete functional recovery within 2 weeks, and the first evidence of changes in functional circuitry at the level of identified descending synaptic connections1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Züchner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Oslo University Hospital; Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Oslo University Hospital
| | - Joel C Glover
- Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Oslo University Hospital; Laboratory of Neural Development and Optical Recording (NDEVOR), Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo
| | - Jean-Luc Boulland
- Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Oslo University Hospital; Laboratory of Neural Development and Optical Recording (NDEVOR), Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo;
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40
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Arkhipov SN, Saytashev I, Dantus M. Intravital Imaging Study on Photodamage Produced by Femtosecond Near-infrared Laser Pulses In Vivo. Photochem Photobiol 2016; 92:308-313. [PMID: 26814684 DOI: 10.1111/php.12572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ultrashort femtosecond pulsed lasers may provide indispensable benefits for medical bioimaging and diagnosis, particularly for noninvasive biopsy. However, the ability of femtosecond laser irradiation to produce biodamage in the living body is still a concern. To solve this biosafety issue, results of theoretical estimations as well as the in vitro and in situ experiments on femtosecond biodamage should be verified by experimental studies conducted in vivo. Here, we analyzed photodamage produced by femtosecond (19, 42 and 100 fs) near-infrared (NIR; ~800 nm) laser pulses with an average power of 5 and 15 mW in living undissected Drosophila larvae (in vivo). These experimental data on photodamage in vivo agree with the results of theoretical modeling of other groups. Femtosecond NIR laser pulses may affect the concentration of fluorescent biomolecules localized in mitochondria of the cells of living undissected Drosophila larva. Our findings confirm that the results of the mathematical models of femtosecond laser ionization process in living tissues may have a practical value for development of noninvasive biopsy based on the use of femtosecond pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey N Arkhipov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia.,ITMO University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ilyas Saytashev
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - Marcos Dantus
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
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41
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Klinger A, Krapf L, Orzekowsky-Schroeder R, Koop N, Vogel A, Hüttmann G. Intravital autofluorescence 2-photon microscopy of murine intestinal mucosa with ultra-broadband femtosecond laser pulse excitation: image quality, photodamage, and inflammation. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2015; 20:116001. [PMID: 26524678 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.20.11.116001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Ultra-broadband excitation with ultrashort pulses may enable simultaneous excitation of multiple endogenous fluorophores in vital tissue. Imaging living gut mucosa by autofluorescence 2-photon microscopy with more than 150 nm broad excitation at an 800-nm central wavelength from a sub-10 fs titanium-sapphire (Ti:sapphire) laser with a dielectric mirror based prechirp was compared to the excitation with 220 fs pulses of a tunable Ti:sapphire laser at 730 and 800 nm wavelengths. Excitation efficiency, image quality, and photochemical damage were evaluated. At similar excitation fluxes, the same image brightness was achieved with both lasers. As expected, with ultra-broadband pulses, fluorescence from NAD(P)H, flavines, and lipoproteins was observed simultaneously. However, nonlinear photodamage apparent as hyperfluorescence with functional and structural alterations of the tissue occurred earlier when the laser power was adjusted to the same image brightness. After only a few minutes, the immigration of polymorphonuclear leucocytes into the epithelium and degranulation of these cells, a sign of inflammation, was observed. Photodamage is promoted by the higher peak irradiances and/or by nonoptimal excitation of autofluorescence at the longer wavelength. We conclude that excitation with a tunable narrow bandwidth laser is preferable to ultra-broadband excitation for autofluorescence-based 2-photon microscopy, unless the spectral phase can be controlled to optimize excitation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antje Klinger
- University of Lübeck, Institute of Anatomy, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Lisa Krapf
- University of Lübeck, Institute of Biomedical Optics, Peter-Monnik-Weg 4, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Norbert Koop
- University of Lübeck, Institute of Biomedical Optics, Peter-Monnik-Weg 4, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Alfred Vogel
- University of Lübeck, Institute of Biomedical Optics, Peter-Monnik-Weg 4, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Gereon Hüttmann
- University of Lübeck, Institute of Biomedical Optics, Peter-Monnik-Weg 4, 23562, Lübeck, GermanycAirway Research Center North (ARCN), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany
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42
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Cheng X, Hinde E, Owen DM, Lowe SB, Reece PJ, Gaus K, Gooding JJ. Enhancing Quantum Dots for Bioimaging using Advanced Surface Chemistry and Advanced Optical Microscopy: Application to Silicon Quantum Dots (SiQDs). ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:6144-50. [PMID: 26331712 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201503223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy is successfully demonstrated in both one- and two-photon cases with surface modified, nanocrystalline silicon quantum dots in the context of bioimaging. The technique is further demonstrated in combination with Förster resonance energy transfer studies where the color of the nanoparticles is tuned by using organic dye acceptors directly conjugated onto the nanoparticle surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Cheng
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Hinde
- EMBL Australia Node in Single Molecule Science, School of Medical Sciences, ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Dylan M Owen
- EMBL Australia Node in Single Molecule Science, School of Medical Sciences, ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Stuart B Lowe
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Peter J Reece
- School of Physics, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Katharina Gaus
- EMBL Australia Node in Single Molecule Science, School of Medical Sciences, ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - J Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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43
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Dray N, Bedu S, Vuillemin N, Alunni A, Coolen M, Krecsmarik M, Supatto W, Beaurepaire E, Bally-Cuif L. Large-scale live imaging of adult neural stem cells in their endogenous niche. Development 2015; 142:3592-600. [PMID: 26395477 PMCID: PMC4631764 DOI: 10.1242/dev.123018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Live imaging of adult neural stem cells (aNSCs) in vivo is a technical challenge in the vertebrate brain. Here, we achieve long-term imaging of the adult zebrafish telencephalic neurogenic niche and track a population of >1000 aNSCs over weeks, by taking advantage of fish transparency at near-infrared wavelengths and of intrinsic multiphoton landmarks. This methodology enables us to describe the frequency, distribution and modes of aNSCs divisions across the entire germinal zone of the adult pallium, and to highlight regional differences in these parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Dray
- Paris-Saclay Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS UMR9197 - Université Paris-Sud, Team Zebrafish Neurogenetics, Avenue de la Terrasse, Building 5, Gif-sur-Yvette F-91198, France
| | - Sébastien Bedu
- Paris-Saclay Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS UMR9197 - Université Paris-Sud, Team Zebrafish Neurogenetics, Avenue de la Terrasse, Building 5, Gif-sur-Yvette F-91198, France
| | - Nelly Vuillemin
- Laboratory for Optics and Biosciences, École Polytechnique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (UMR 7645) and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (U1182), Palaiseau 91128, France
| | - Alessandro Alunni
- Paris-Saclay Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS UMR9197 - Université Paris-Sud, Team Zebrafish Neurogenetics, Avenue de la Terrasse, Building 5, Gif-sur-Yvette F-91198, France
| | - Marion Coolen
- Paris-Saclay Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS UMR9197 - Université Paris-Sud, Team Zebrafish Neurogenetics, Avenue de la Terrasse, Building 5, Gif-sur-Yvette F-91198, France
| | - Monika Krecsmarik
- Paris-Saclay Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS UMR9197 - Université Paris-Sud, Team Zebrafish Neurogenetics, Avenue de la Terrasse, Building 5, Gif-sur-Yvette F-91198, France
| | - Willy Supatto
- Laboratory for Optics and Biosciences, École Polytechnique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (UMR 7645) and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (U1182), Palaiseau 91128, France
| | - Emmanuel Beaurepaire
- Laboratory for Optics and Biosciences, École Polytechnique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (UMR 7645) and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (U1182), Palaiseau 91128, France
| | - Laure Bally-Cuif
- Paris-Saclay Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS UMR9197 - Université Paris-Sud, Team Zebrafish Neurogenetics, Avenue de la Terrasse, Building 5, Gif-sur-Yvette F-91198, France
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44
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Lee M, Downes A, Chau YY, Serrels B, Hastie N, Elfick A, Brunton V, Frame M, Serrels A. In vivo imaging of the tumor and its associated microenvironment using combined CARS / 2-photon microscopy. INTRAVITAL 2015; 4:e1055430. [PMID: 28243514 PMCID: PMC5226011 DOI: 10.1080/21659087.2015.1055430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The use of confocal and multi-photon microscopy for intra-vital cancer imaging has impacted on our understanding of cancer cell behavior and interaction with the surrounding tumor microenvironment in vivo. However, many studies to-date rely on the use fluorescent dyes or genetically encoded probes that enable visualization of a structure or cell population of interest, but do not illuminate the complexity of the surrounding tumor microenvironment. Here, we show that multi-modal microscopy combining 2-photon fluorescence with CARS can begin to address this deficit, enabling detailed imaging of the tumor niche without the need for additional labeling. This can be performed on live tumor-bearing animals through optical observation windows, permitting real-time and longitudinal imaging of dynamic processes within the tumor niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lee
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Center; Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine; University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Andy Downes
- School of Engineering; University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - You-Ying Chau
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit; Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine; University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Bryan Serrels
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Center; Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine; University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Nick Hastie
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit; Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine; University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Alistair Elfick
- School of Engineering; University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Valerie Brunton
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Center; Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine; University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Margaret Frame
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Center; Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine; University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Alan Serrels
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Center; Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine; University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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