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Yao Y, Borkar NA, Zheng M, Wang S, Pabelick CM, Vogel ER, Prakash YS. Interactions between calcium regulatory pathways and mechanosensitive channels in airways. Expert Rev Respir Med 2023; 17:903-917. [PMID: 37905552 PMCID: PMC10872943 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2023.2276732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Asthma is a chronic lung disease influenced by environmental and inflammatory triggers and involving complex signaling pathways across resident airway cells such as epithelium, airway smooth muscle, fibroblasts, and immune cells. While our understanding of asthma pathophysiology is continually progressing, there is a growing realization that cellular microdomains play critical roles in mediating signaling relevant to asthma in the context of contractility and remodeling. Mechanosensitive pathways are increasingly recognized as important to microdomain signaling, with Piezo and transient receptor protein (TRP) channels at the plasma membrane considered important for converting mechanical stimuli into cellular behavior. Given their ion channel properties, particularly Ca2+ conduction, a question becomes whether and how mechanosensitive channels contribute to Ca2+ microdomains in airway cells relevant to asthma. AREAS COVERED Mechanosensitive TRP and Piezo channels regulate key Ca2+ regulatory proteins such as store operated calcium entry (SOCE) involving STIM and Orai channels, and sarcoendoplasmic (SR) mechanisms such as IP3 receptor channels (IP3Rs), and SR Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) that are important in asthma pathophysiology including airway hyperreactivity and remodeling. EXPERT OPINION Physical and/or functional interactions between Ca2+ regulatory proteins and mechanosensitive channels such as TRP and Piezo can toward understanding asthma pathophysiology and identifying novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Niyati A Borkar
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mengning Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guizhou Province People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Shengyu Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Christina M Pabelick
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Vogel
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - YS Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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2
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van Weperen VYH, Vaseghi M. Cardiac vagal afferent neurotransmission in health and disease: review and knowledge gaps. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1192188. [PMID: 37351426 PMCID: PMC10282187 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1192188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The meticulous control of cardiac sympathetic and parasympathetic tone regulates all facets of cardiac function. This precise calibration of cardiac efferent innervation is dependent on sensory information that is relayed from the heart to the central nervous system. The vagus nerve, which contains vagal cardiac afferent fibers, carries sensory information to the brainstem. Vagal afferent signaling has been predominantly shown to increase parasympathetic efferent response and vagal tone. However, cardiac vagal afferent signaling appears to change after cardiac injury, though much remains unknown. Even though subsequent cardiac autonomic imbalance is characterized by sympathoexcitation and parasympathetic dysfunction, it remains unclear if, and to what extent, vagal afferent dysfunction is involved in the development of vagal withdrawal. This review aims to summarize the current understanding of cardiac vagal afferent signaling under in health and in the setting of cardiovascular disease, especially after myocardial infarction, and to highlight the knowledge gaps that remain to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Y. H. van Weperen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, UCLA Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Marmar Vaseghi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, UCLA Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Molecular, Cellular, and Integrative Physiology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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3
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Inhibition of Canonical Transient Receptor Potential Channels 4/5 with Highly Selective and Potent Small-Molecule HC-070 Alleviates Mechanical Hypersensitivity in Rat Models of Visceral and Neuropathic Pain. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043350. [PMID: 36834762 PMCID: PMC9964505 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential channels C4/C5 are widely expressed in the pain pathway. Here, we studied the putative analgesic efficacy of the highly selective and potent TRPC4/C5 antagonist HC-070 in rats. Inhibitory potency on human TRPC4 was assessed by using the whole-cell manual patch-clamp technique. Visceral pain sensitivity was assessed by the colonic distension test after intra-colonic trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid injection and partial restraint stress. Mechanical pain sensitivity was assessed by the paw pressure test in the chronic constriction injury (CCI) neuropathic pain model. We confirm that HC-070 is a low nanomolar antagonist. Following single oral doses (3-30 mg/kg in male or female rats), colonic hypersensitivity was significantly and dose-dependently attenuated, even fully reversed to baseline. HC-070 also had a significant anti-hypersensitivity effect in the established phase of the CCI model. HC-070 did not have an effect on the mechanical withdrawal threshold of the non-injured paw, whereas the reference compound morphine significantly increased it. Analgesic effects are observed at unbound brain concentrations near the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) recorded in vitro. This suggests that analgesic effects reported here are brought about by TRPC4/C5 blocking in vivo. The results strengthen the idea that TRPC4/C5 antagonism is a novel, safe non-opioid treatment for chronic pain.
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Staruschenko A, Ma R, Palygin O, Dryer SE. Ion channels and channelopathies in glomeruli. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:787-854. [PMID: 36007181 PMCID: PMC9662803 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00013.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
An essential step in renal function entails the formation of an ultrafiltrate that is delivered to the renal tubules for subsequent processing. This process, known as glomerular filtration, is controlled by intrinsic regulatory systems and by paracrine, neuronal, and endocrine signals that converge onto glomerular cells. In addition, the characteristics of glomerular fluid flow, such as the glomerular filtration rate and the glomerular filtration fraction, play an important role in determining blood flow to the rest of the kidney. Consequently, disease processes that initially affect glomeruli are the most likely to lead to end-stage kidney failure. The cells that comprise the glomerular filter, especially podocytes and mesangial cells, express many different types of ion channels that regulate intrinsic aspects of cell function and cellular responses to the local environment, such as changes in glomerular capillary pressure. Dysregulation of glomerular ion channels, such as changes in TRPC6, can lead to devastating glomerular diseases, and a number of channels, including TRPC6, TRPC5, and various ionotropic receptors, are promising targets for drug development. This review discusses glomerular structure and glomerular disease processes. It also describes the types of plasma membrane ion channels that have been identified in glomerular cells, the physiological and pathophysiological contexts in which they operate, and the pathways by which they are regulated and dysregulated. The contributions of these channels to glomerular disease processes, such as focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and diabetic nephropathy, as well as the development of drugs that target these channels are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Staruschenko
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
- Hypertension and Kidney Research Center, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
- James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, Florida
| | - Rong Ma
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Oleg Palygin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Stuart E Dryer
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tilman J. Fertitta Family College of Medicine, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
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Yang H, Tenorio Lopes L, Barioni NO, Roeske J, Incognito AV, Baker J, Raj SR, Wilson RJA. The molecular makeup of peripheral and central baroreceptors: stretching a role for Transient Receptor Potential (TRP), Epithelial Sodium Channel (ENaC), Acid Sensing Ion Channel (ASIC), and Piezo channels. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 118:3052-3070. [PMID: 34734981 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The autonomic nervous system maintains homeostasis of cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, urinary, immune, and thermoregulatory function. Homeostasis involves a variety of feedback mechanisms involving peripheral afferents, many of which contain molecular receptors sensitive to mechanical deformation, termed mechanosensors. Here, we focus on the molecular identity of mechanosensors involved in the baroreflex control of the cardiovascular system. Located within the walls of the aortic arch and carotid sinuses, and/or astrocytes in the brain, these mechanosensors are essential for the rapid moment-to-moment feedback regulation of blood pressure (BP). Growing evidence suggests that these mechanosensors form a co-existing system of peripheral and central baroreflexes. Despite the importance of these molecules in cardiovascular disease and decades of research, their precise molecular identity remains elusive. The uncertainty surrounding the identity of these mechanosensors presents a major challenge in understanding basic baroreceptor function and has hindered the development of novel therapeutic targets for conditions with known arterial baroreflex impairments. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to (i) provide a brief overview of arterial and central baroreflex control of BP, (ii) review classes of ion channels currently proposed as the baroreflex mechanosensor, namely Transient Receptor Potential (TRP), Epithelial Sodium Channel (ENaC), Acid Sensing Ion Channel (ASIC), and Piezo, along with additional molecular candidates that serve mechanotransduction in other organ systems, and (iii) summarize the potential clinical implications of impaired baroreceptor function in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. N.W., Calgary, AB T2N4N1, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. N.W., Calgary, AB T2N4N1, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. N.W., Calgary, AB T2N4N1, Canada
| | - Luana Tenorio Lopes
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. N.W., Calgary, AB T2N4N1, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. N.W., Calgary, AB T2N4N1, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. N.W., Calgary, AB T2N4N1, Canada
| | - Nicole O Barioni
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. N.W., Calgary, AB T2N4N1, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. N.W., Calgary, AB T2N4N1, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. N.W., Calgary, AB T2N4N1, Canada
| | - Jamie Roeske
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. N.W., Calgary, AB T2N4N1, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. N.W., Calgary, AB T2N4N1, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. N.W., Calgary, AB T2N4N1, Canada
| | - Anthony V Incognito
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. N.W., Calgary, AB T2N4N1, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. N.W., Calgary, AB T2N4N1, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. N.W., Calgary, AB T2N4N1, Canada
| | - Jacquie Baker
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. N.W., Calgary, AB T2N4N1, Canada
| | - Satish R Raj
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. N.W., Calgary, AB T2N4N1, Canada
| | - Richard J A Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. N.W., Calgary, AB T2N4N1, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. N.W., Calgary, AB T2N4N1, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. N.W., Calgary, AB T2N4N1, Canada
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Szabó L, Balogh N, Tóth A, Angyal Á, Gönczi M, Csiki DM, Tóth C, Balatoni I, Jeney V, Csernoch L, Dienes B. The mechanosensitive Piezo1 channels contribute to the arterial medial calcification. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1037230. [PMID: 36439266 PMCID: PMC9685409 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1037230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is associated with a number of cardiovascular diseases, as well as chronic kidney disease. The role of smooth muscle cells (SMC) has already been widely explored in VC, as has the role of intracellular Ca2+ in regulating SMC function. Increased intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) in vascular SMC has been proposed to stimulate VC. However, the contribution of the non-selective Piezo1 mechanosensitive cation channels to the elevation of [Ca2+]i, and consequently to the process of VC has never been examined. In this work the essential contribution of Piezo1 channels to arterial medial calcification is demonstrated. The presence of Piezo1 was proved on human aortic smooth muscle samples using immunohistochemistry. Quantitative PCR and Western blot analysis confirmed the expression of the channel on the human aortic smooth muscle cell line (HAoSMC). Functional measurements were done on HAoSMC under control and calcifying condition. Calcification was induced by supplementing the growth medium with inorganic phosphate (1.5 mmol/L, pH 7.4) and calcium (CaCl2, 0.6 mmol/L) for 7 days. Measurement of [Ca2+]i using fluorescent Fura-2 dye upon stimulation of Piezo1 channels (either by hypoosmolarity, or Yoda1) demonstrated significantly higher calcium transients in calcified as compared to control HAoSMCs. The expression of mechanosensitive Piezo1 channel is augmented in calcified arterial SMCs leading to a higher calcium influx upon stimulation. Activation of the channel by Yoda1 (10 μmol/L) enhanced calcification of HAoSMCs, while Dooku1, which antagonizes the effect of Yoda1, reduced this amplification. Application of Dooku1 alone inhibited the calcification. Knockdown of Piezo1 by siRNA suppressed the calcification evoked by Yoda1 under calcifying conditions. Our results demonstrate the pivotal role of Piezo1 channels in arterial medial calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- László Szabó
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- ELKH-DE Cell Physiology Research Group, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Norbert Balogh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Andrea Tóth
- MTA-DE Lendület Vascular Pathophysiology Research Group, Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Angyal
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Mónika Gönczi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- ELKH-DE Cell Physiology Research Group, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Dávid Máté Csiki
- MTA-DE Lendület Vascular Pathophysiology Research Group, Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Csaba Tóth
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | | | - Viktória Jeney
- MTA-DE Lendület Vascular Pathophysiology Research Group, Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - László Csernoch
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- ELKH-DE Cell Physiology Research Group, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Beatrix Dienes
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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7
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Yi Y, Qiu G, Liu H, Gao F, Liu X, Chen Y, Yang M. Hypotonic induction of aquaporin5 expression in rat astrocytes through p38 MAPK pathway. Anat Histol Embryol 2022; 51:769-780. [PMID: 36006764 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Brain oedema is a common pathological phenomenon following many diseases and may lead to severe secondary damage. Astrocytes are the most numerous cells in the brain. Five aquaporins (AQPs) have been found in mature astrocytes, which play crucial roles in water transportation. However, most studies have focused on AQP4 or AQP9 and whether another aquaporin such as AQP5 involved in brain oedema is unclear. Here, we addressed the issue that the expression pattern of AQP5 in rat astrocytes in vitro was altered in the hypotonic condition through some mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathways. Primary astrocytes were randomly divided into the control group and the hypotonic group. Cell viability was evaluated by MTT test. Immunofluorescence, Western blotting and real-time PCR were used to detect the expression of AQP5. Western blotting was used to detect the variation of MAPK pathway. The present study demonstrated that incubation of astrocytes in the hypotonic medium produced an increase inAQP5 expression, and AQP5 peaked at 6-12 h after hypotension solution exposure. In addition, MAPK pathways were set in motion under hypotension, but not all branches. Only the p38 inhibitor can inhibit AQP5 expression in cultured astrocytes. AQP5 is directly related to the extracellular hypotonic stimuli in astrocytes, which could be regulated through the p38 MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoxing Yi
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Neuroscience, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Lab Teaching and Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guoping Qiu
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Neuroscience, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Neuroscience, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xueyuan Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Neuroscience, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuqing Chen
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Neuroscience, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Neuroscience, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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8
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Bera K, Kiepas A, Zhang Y, Sun SX, Konstantopoulos K. The interplay between physical cues and mechanosensitive ion channels in cancer metastasis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:954099. [PMID: 36158191 PMCID: PMC9490090 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.954099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical cues have emerged as critical influencers of cell function during physiological processes, like development and organogenesis, and throughout pathological abnormalities, including cancer progression and fibrosis. While ion channels have been implicated in maintaining cellular homeostasis, their cell surface localization often places them among the first few molecules to sense external cues. Mechanosensitive ion channels (MICs) are especially important transducers of physical stimuli into biochemical signals. In this review, we describe how physical cues in the tumor microenvironment are sensed by MICs and contribute to cancer metastasis. First, we highlight mechanical perturbations, by both solid and fluid surroundings typically found in the tumor microenvironment and during critical stages of cancer cell dissemination from the primary tumor. Next, we describe how Piezo1/2 and transient receptor potential (TRP) channels respond to these physical cues to regulate cancer cell behavior during different stages of metastasis. We conclude by proposing alternative mechanisms of MIC activation that work in tandem with cytoskeletal components and other ion channels to bestow cells with the capacity to sense, respond and navigate through the surrounding microenvironment. Collectively, this review provides a perspective for devising treatment strategies against cancer by targeting MICs that sense aberrant physical characteristics during metastasis, the most lethal aspect of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaustav Bera
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Johns Hopkins Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Alexander Kiepas
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Johns Hopkins Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Alexander Kiepas, ; Konstantinos Konstantopoulos,
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Johns Hopkins Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sean X. Sun
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Johns Hopkins Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Konstantinos Konstantopoulos
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Johns Hopkins Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Alexander Kiepas, ; Konstantinos Konstantopoulos,
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9
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Mikesell AR, Isaeva O, Moehring F, Sadler KE, Menzel AD, Stucky CL. Keratinocyte PIEZO1 modulates cutaneous mechanosensation. eLife 2022; 11:65987. [PMID: 36053009 PMCID: PMC9512397 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal keratinocytes mediate touch sensation by detecting and encoding tactile information to sensory neurons. However, the specific mechanotransducers that enable keratinocytes to respond to mechanical stimulation are unknown. Here, we found that the mechanically-gated ion channel PIEZO1 is a key keratinocyte mechanotransducer. Keratinocyte expression of PIEZO1 is critical for normal sensory afferent firing and behavioral responses to mechanical stimuli in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander R Mikesell
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, United States
| | - Olena Isaeva
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, United States
| | - Francie Moehring
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, United States
| | - Katelyn E Sadler
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, United States
| | - Anthony D Menzel
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, United States
| | - Cheryl L Stucky
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, United States
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10
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Ma H, He C, Li L, Gao P, Lu Z, Hu Y, Wang L, Zhao Y, Cao T, Cui Y, Zheng H, Yang G, Yan Z, Liu D, Zhu Z. TRPC5 deletion in the central amygdala antagonizes high-fat diet-induced obesity by increasing sympathetic innervation. Int J Obes (Lond) 2022; 46:1544-1555. [PMID: 35589963 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-022-01151-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential channel 5 (TRPC5) is predominantly distributed in the brain, especially in the central amygdala (CeA), which is closely associated with pain and addiction. Although mounting evidence indicates that the CeA is related to energy homeostasis, the possible regulatory effect of TRPC5 in the CeA on metabolism remains unclear. Here, we reported that the expression of TRPC5 in the CeA of mice was increased under a high-fat diet (HFD). Specifically, the deleted TRPC5 protein in the CeA of mice using adeno-associated virus resisted HFD-induced weight gain, accompanied by increased food intake. Furthermore, the energy expenditure of CeA-specific TRPC5 deletion mice (TRPC5 KO) was elevated due to augmented white adipose tissue (WAT) browning and brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity. Mechanistically, deficiency of TRPC5 in the CeA boosted nonshivering thermogenesis under cold stimulation by stimulating sympathetic nerves, as the β3-adrenoceptor (Adrb3) antagonist SR59230A blocked the effect of TRPC5 KO on this process. In summary, TRPC5 deletion in the CeA alleviated the metabolic deterioration of mice fed a HFD, and these phenotypic improvements were correlated with the increased sympathetic distribution and activity of adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Ma
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Chengkang He
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Zongshi Lu
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yingru Hu
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Tingbing Cao
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yuanting Cui
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Hongting Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Translational Research Key Laboratory for Diabetes, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Gangyi Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Zhencheng Yan
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Daoyan Liu
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Zhiming Zhu
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, 400042, China. .,Chongqing Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Guangyang Bay Laboratory, Chongqing, 400064, China.
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11
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Drummond HA. What Evolutionary Evidence Implies About the Identity of the Mechanoelectrical Couplers in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Physiology (Bethesda) 2021; 36:292-306. [PMID: 34431420 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00008.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of pressure-induced vasoconstriction increases susceptibility to renal and cerebral vascular injury. Favored paradigms underlying initiation of the response include transient receptor potential channels coupled to G protein-coupled receptors or integrins as transducers. Degenerin channels may also mediate the response. This review addresses the 1) evolutionary role of these molecules in mechanosensing, 2) limitations to identifying mechanosensitive molecules, and 3) paradigm shifting molecular model for a VSMC mechanosensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather A Drummond
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
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12
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Ozkan AD, Gettas T, Sogata A, Phaychanpheng W, Zhou M, Lacroix JJ. Mechanical and chemical activation of GPR68 probed with a genetically encoded fluorescent reporter. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:271846. [PMID: 34322699 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.255455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) 68 (GPR68, or OGR1) couples extracellular acidifications and mechanical stimuli to G-protein signaling and plays important roles in vascular physiology, neuroplasticity and cancer progression. Inspired by previous GPCR-based reporters, here, we inserted a cyclic permuted fluorescent protein into the third intracellular loop of GPR68 to create a genetically encoded fluorescent reporter of GPR68 activation we call 'iGlow'. iGlow responds to known physiological GPR68 activators such as fluid shear stress and extracellular acidifications. In addition, iGlow responds to Ogerin, a synthetic GPR68-selective agonist, but not to a non-active Ogerin analog, showing the specificity of iGlow-mediated fluorescence signals. Flow-induced iGlow activation is not eliminated by pharmacological modulation of downstream G-protein signaling, disruption of actin filaments or application of GsMTx4, an inhibitor of certain mechanosensitive ion channels activated by membrane stretch. Deletion of the conserved helix 8, proposed to mediate mechanosensitivity in certain GPCRs, does not eliminate flow-induced iGlow activation. iGlow could be useful to investigate the contribution of GPR68-dependent signaling in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alper D Ozkan
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E. Second St, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Tina Gettas
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E. Second St, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Audrey Sogata
- Chino Hills High School, 16150 Pomona Rincon Rd, Chino Hills, CA 91709, USA
| | - Wynn Phaychanpheng
- Chino Hills High School, 16150 Pomona Rincon Rd, Chino Hills, CA 91709, USA
| | - Miou Zhou
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E. Second St, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Jérôme J Lacroix
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E. Second St, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
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13
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Sadler KE, Moehring F, Shiers SI, Laskowski LJ, Mikesell AR, Plautz ZR, Brezinski AN, Mecca CM, Dussor G, Price TJ, McCorvy JD, Stucky CL. Transient receptor potential canonical 5 mediates inflammatory mechanical and spontaneous pain in mice. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:13/595/eabd7702. [PMID: 34039739 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abd7702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Tactile and spontaneous pains are poorly managed symptoms of inflammatory and neuropathic injury. Here, we found that transient receptor potential canonical 5 (TRPC5) is a chief contributor to both of these sensations in multiple rodent pain models. Use of TRPC5 knockout mice and inhibitors revealed that TRPC5 selectively contributes to the mechanical hypersensitivity associated with CFA injection, skin incision, chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy, sickle cell disease, and migraine, all of which were characterized by elevated concentrations of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC). Accordingly, exogenous application of LPC induced TRPC5-dependent behavioral mechanical allodynia, neuronal mechanical hypersensitivity, and spontaneous pain in naïve mice. Lastly, we found that 75% of human sensory neurons express TRPC5, the activity of which is directly modulated by LPC. On the basis of these results, TRPC5 inhibitors might effectively treat spontaneous and tactile pain in conditions characterized by elevated LPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn E Sadler
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Francie Moehring
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Stephanie I Shiers
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Lauren J Laskowski
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Alexander R Mikesell
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Zakary R Plautz
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Allison N Brezinski
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Christina M Mecca
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Gregory Dussor
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Theodore J Price
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - John D McCorvy
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Cheryl L Stucky
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
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14
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Canales Coutiño B, Mayor R. Mechanosensitive ion channels in cell migration. Cells Dev 2021; 166:203683. [PMID: 33994356 PMCID: PMC8240554 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdev.2021.203683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cellular processes are initiated and regulated by different stimuli, including mechanical forces. Cell membrane mechanosensors represent the first step towards the conversion of mechanical stimuli to a biochemical or electrical response. Mechanosensitive (MS) ion channels form a growing family of ion gating channels that respond to direct physical force or plasma membrane deformations. A number of calcium (Ca2+) permeable MS channels are known to regulate the initiation, direction, and persistence of cell migration during development and tumour progression. While the evidence that links individual MS ion channels to cell migration is growing, a unified analysis of the molecular mechanisms regulated downstream of MS ion channel activation is lacking. In this review, we describe the MS ion channel families known to regulate cell migration. We discuss the molecular mechanisms that act downstream of MS ion channels with an emphasis on Ca2+ mediated processes. Finally, we propose the future directions and impact of MS ion channel activity in the field of cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Canales Coutiño
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Roberto Mayor
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
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15
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Kuburas A, Mason BN, Hing B, Wattiez AS, Reis AS, Sowers LP, Moldovan Loomis C, Garcia-Martinez LF, Russo AF. PACAP Induces Light Aversion in Mice by an Inheritable Mechanism Independent of CGRP. J Neurosci 2021; 41:4697-4715. [PMID: 33846231 PMCID: PMC8260237 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2200-20.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The neuropeptides CGRP (calcitonin gene-related peptide) and PACAP (pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide) have emerged as mediators of migraine, yet the potential overlap of their mechanisms remains unknown. Infusion of PACAP, like CGRP, can cause migraine in people, and both peptides share similar vasodilatory and nociceptive functions. In this study, we have used light aversion in mice as a surrogate for migraine-like photophobia to compare CGRP and PACAP and ask whether CGRP or PACAP actions were dependent on each other. Similar to CGRP, PACAP induced light aversion in outbred CD-1 mice. The light aversion was accompanied by increased resting in the dark, but not anxiety in a light-independent open field assay. Unexpectedly, about one-third of the CD-1 mice did not respond to PACAP, which was not seen with CGRP. The responder and nonresponder phenotypes were stable, inheritable, and not sex linked, although there was a trend for greater responses among male mice. RNA-sequencing analysis of trigeminal ganglia yielded hierarchical clustering of responder and nonresponder mice and revealed a number of candidate genes, including greater expression of the Trpc5 and Kcnk12 ion channels and glycoprotein hormones and receptors in a subset of male responder mice. Importantly, an anti-PACAP monoclonal antibody could block PACAP-induced light aversion but not CGRP-induced light aversion. Conversely, an anti-CGRP antibody could not block PACAP-induced light aversion. Thus, we propose that CGRP and PACAP act by independent convergent pathways that cause a migraine-like symptom in mice.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The relationship between the neuropeptides CGRP (calcitonin gene-related peptide) and PACAP (pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide) in migraine is relevant given that both peptides can induce migraine in people, yet to date only drugs that target CGRP are available. Using an outbred strain of mice, we were able to show that most, but not all, mice respond to PACAP in a preclinical photophobia assay. Our finding that CGRP and PACAP monoclonal antibodies do not cross-inhibit the other peptide indicates that CGRP and PACAP actions are independent and suggests that PACAP-targeted drugs may be effective in patients who do not respond to CGRP-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adisa Kuburas
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Bianca N Mason
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Benjamin Hing
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Anne-Sophie Wattiez
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Alyssa S Reis
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Levi P Sowers
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
- Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Visual Loss, Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Iowa City, Iowa 52246
| | | | | | - Andrew F Russo
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
- Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Visual Loss, Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Iowa City, Iowa 52246
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16
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Abstract
Mechanosensing is a key feature through which organisms can receive inputs from the environment and convert them into specific functional and behavioral outputs. Mechanosensation occurs in many cells and tissues, regulating a plethora of molecular processes based on the distribution of forces and stresses both at the cell membrane and at the intracellular organelles levels, through complex interactions between cells’ microstructures, cytoskeleton, and extracellular matrix. Although several primary and secondary mechanisms have been shown to contribute to mechanosensation, a fundamental pathway in simple organisms and mammals involves the presence of specialized sensory neurons and the presence of different types of mechanosensitive ion channels on the neuronal cell membrane. In this contribution, we present a review of the main ion channels which have been proven to be significantly involved in mechanotransduction in neurons. Further, we discuss recent studies focused on the biological mechanisms and modeling of mechanosensitive ion channels’ gating, and on mechanotransduction modeling at different scales and levels of details.
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17
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Cusick KD, Widder EA. Bioluminescence and toxicity as driving factors in harmful algal blooms: Ecological functions and genetic variability. HARMFUL ALGAE 2020; 98:101850. [PMID: 33129462 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2020.101850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dinoflagellates are an ecologically important group of marine microbial eukaryotes with a remarkable array of adaptive strategies. It is ironic that two of the traits for which dinoflagellates are best known, toxin production and bioluminescence, are rarely linked when considering the ecological significance of either. Although dinoflagellate species that form some of the most widespread and frequent harmful algal blooms (HABs) are bioluminescent, the molecular and eco-evolutionary associations between these two traits has received little attention. Here, the major themes of biochemistry and genetics, ecological functions, signaling mechanisms, and evolution are addressed, with parallels and connections drawn between the two. Of the 17 major classes of dinoflagellate toxins, only two are produced by bioluminescent species: saxitoxin (STX) and yessotoxin. Of these, STX has been extensively studied, including the identification of the STX biosynthetic genes. While numerous theories have been put forward as to the eco-evolutionary roles of both bioluminescence and toxicity, a general consensus is that both function as grazing deterrents. Thus, both bioluminescence and toxicity may aid in HAB initiation as they alleviate grazing pressure on the HAB species. A large gap in our understanding is the genetic variability among natural bloom populations, as both toxic and non-toxic strains have been isolated from the same geographic location. The same applies to bioluminescence, as there exist both bioluminescent and non-bioluminescent strains of the same species. Recent evidence demonstrating that blooms are not monoclonal events necessitates a greater level of understanding as to the genetic variability of these traits among sub-populations as well as the mechanisms by which cells acquire or lose the trait, as sequence analysis of STX+ and STX- species indicate the key gene required for toxicity is lost rather than gained. While the extent of genetic variability for both bioluminescence and toxicity among natural HAB sub-populations remains unknown, it is an area that needs to be explored in order to gain greater insights into the molecular mechanisms and environmental parameters driving HAB evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen D Cusick
- University of Maryland Baltimore County, Department of Biological Sciences, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, United States.
| | - Edith A Widder
- Ocean Research and Conservation Association, 1420 Seaway Dr, Fort Pierce, FL 34949, United States.
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18
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Asghar MY, Törnquist K. Transient Receptor Potential Canonical (TRPC) Channels as Modulators of Migration and Invasion. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051739. [PMID: 32138386 PMCID: PMC7084769 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) is perhaps the most versatile signaling molecule in cells. Ca2+ regulates a large number of key events in cells, ranging from gene transcription, motility, and contraction, to energy production and channel gating. To accomplish all these different functions, a multitude of channels, pumps, and transporters are necessary. A group of channels participating in these processes is the transient receptor potential (TRP) family of cation channels. These channels are divided into 29 subfamilies, and are differentially expressed in man, rodents, worms, and flies. One of these subfamilies is the transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) family of channels. This ion channel family comprises of seven isoforms, labeled TRPC1–7. In man, six functional forms are expressed (TRPC1, TRPC3–7), whereas TRPC2 is a pseudogene; thus, not functionally expressed. In this review, we will describe the importance of the TRPC channels and their interacting molecular partners in the etiology of cancer, particularly in regard to regulating migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Yasir Asghar
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum Helsinki 2U, Tukholmankatu 8, 00290 Helsinki, Finland;
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Kid Törnquist
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum Helsinki 2U, Tukholmankatu 8, 00290 Helsinki, Finland;
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520 Turku, Finland
- Correspondence:
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19
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Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 5-Scramblase Signaling Complex Mediates Neuronal Phosphatidylserine Externalization and Apoptosis. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030547. [PMID: 32110987 PMCID: PMC7140530 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1), a lipid-binding and Ca2+-sensitive protein located on plasma membranes, is critically involved in phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization, an important process in cell apoptosis. Transient receptor potential canonical 5 (TRPC5), is a nonselective Ca2+ channel in neurons that interacts with many downstream molecules, participating in diverse physiological functions including temperature or mechanical sensation. The interaction between TRPC5 and PLSCR1 has never been reported. Here, we showed that PLSCR1 interacts with TRPC5 through their C-termini in HEK293 cells and mouse cortical neurons. Formation of TRPC5-PLSCR1 complex stimulates PS externalization and promotes cell apoptosis in HEK293 cells and mouse cerebral neurons. Furthermore, in vivo studies showed that PS externalization in cortical neurons induced by artificial cerebral ischemia-reperfusion was reduced in TRPC5 knockout mice compared to wild-type mice, and that the percentage of apoptotic neurons was also lower in TRPC5 knockout mice than in wild-type mice. Collectively, the present study suggested that TRPC5-PLSCR1 is a signaling complex mediating PS externalization and apoptosis in neurons and that TRPC5 plays a pathological role in cerebral-ischemia reperfusion injury.
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20
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Yu Y, Liang Q, Liu H, Luo Z, Hu H, Perlmutter JS, Tu Z. Development of a carbon-11 PET radiotracer for imaging TRPC5 in the brain. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 17:5586-5594. [PMID: 31115430 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00893d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The transient receptor potential channel subfamily member 5 (TRPC5) is a calcium permeable cation channel widely expressed in the brain. Accumulating evidence indicates that it plays a crucial role in psychiatric disorders including depression and anxiety. Positron emission tomography (PET) combined with a TRPC5 specific radioligand may provide a unique tool to investigate the functions of TRPC5 in animal disease models to guide drug development targeting TRPC5. To develop a TRPC5 PET radiotracer, the potent TRPC5 inhibitor HC608 was chosen for C-11 radiosynthesis through the N-demethyl amide precursor 7 reacting with [11C]methyl iodide. Under optimized conditions, [11C]HC608 was achieved with good radiochemical yield (25 ± 5%), high chemical and radiochemical purity (>99%), and high specific activity (204-377 GBq μmol-1, decay corrected to the end of bombardment, EOB). The in vitro autoradiography study revealed that [11C]HC608 specifically binds to TRPC5. Moreover, initial in vivo evaluation of [11C]HC608 performed in rodents and the microPET study in the brain of non-human primates further demonstrated that [11C]HC608 was able to penetrate the blood brain barrier and sufficiently accumulate in the brain. These results suggest that [11C]HC608 has the potential to be a PET tracer for imaging TRPC5 in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbo Yu
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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21
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Hall G, Wang L, Spurney RF. TRPC Channels in Proteinuric Kidney Diseases. Cells 2019; 9:cells9010044. [PMID: 31877991 PMCID: PMC7016871 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Over a decade ago, mutations in the gene encoding TRPC6 (transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 6) were linked to development of familial forms of nephrosis. Since this discovery, TRPC6 has been implicated in the pathophysiology of non-genetic forms of kidney disease including focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), diabetic nephropathy, immune-mediated kidney diseases, and renal fibrosis. On the basis of these findings, TRPC6 has become an important target for the development of therapeutic agents to treat diverse kidney diseases. Although TRPC6 has been a major focus for drug discovery, more recent studies suggest that other TRPC family members play a role in the pathogenesis of glomerular disease processes and chronic kidney disease (CKD). This review highlights the data implicating TRPC6 and other TRPC family members in both genetic and non-genetic forms of kidney disease, focusing on TRPC3, TRPC5, and TRPC6 in a cell type (glomerular podocytes) that plays a key role in proteinuric kidney diseases.
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22
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Nikolaev YA, Cox CD, Ridone P, Rohde PR, Cordero-Morales JF, Vásquez V, Laver DR, Martinac B. Mammalian TRP ion channels are insensitive to membrane stretch. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs238360. [PMID: 31722978 PMCID: PMC6918743 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.238360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
TRP channels of the transient receptor potential ion channel superfamily are involved in a wide variety of mechanosensory processes, including touch sensation, pain, blood pressure regulation, bone loading and detection of cerebrospinal fluid flow. However, in many instances it is unclear whether TRP channels are the primary transducers of mechanical force in these processes. In this study, we tested stretch activation of eleven TRP channels from six mammalian subfamilies. We found that these TRP channels were insensitive to short membrane stretches in cellular systems. Furthermore, we purified TRPC6 and demonstrated its insensitivity to stretch in liposomes, an artificial bilayer system free from cellular components. Additionally, we demonstrated that, when expressed in C. elegans neurons, mouse TRPC6 restores the mechanoresponse of a touch insensitive mutant but requires diacylglycerol for activation. These results strongly suggest that the mammalian members of the TRP ion channel family are insensitive to tension induced by cell membrane stretching and, thus, are more likely to be activated by cytoplasmic tethers or downstream components and to act as amplifiers of cellular mechanosensory signaling cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yury A Nikolaev
- Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney 2010, Australia
- Human Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle 2308, Australia
| | - Charles D Cox
- Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney 2010, Australia
| | - Pietro Ridone
- Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney 2010, Australia
| | - Paul R Rohde
- Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney 2010, Australia
| | - Julio F Cordero-Morales
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis 38163, USA
| | - Valeria Vásquez
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis 38163, USA
| | - Derek R Laver
- Human Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle 2308, Australia
| | - Boris Martinac
- Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney 2010, Australia
- St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
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23
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Dryer SE, Roshanravan H, Kim EY. TRPC channels: Regulation, dysregulation and contributions to chronic kidney disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:1041-1066. [PMID: 30953689 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the gene encoding canonical transient receptor potential-6 (TRPC6) channels result in severe nephrotic syndromes that typically lead to end-stage renal disease. Many but not all of these mutations result in a gain in the function of the resulting channel protein. Since those observations were first made, substantial work has supported the hypothesis that TRPC6 channels can also contribute to progression of acquired (non-genetic) glomerular diseases, including primary and secondary FSGS, glomerulosclerosis during autoimmune glomerulonephritis, and possibly in type-1 diabetes. Their regulation has been extensively studied, especially in podocytes, but also in mesangial cells and other cell types present in the kidney. More recent evidence has implicated TRPC6 in renal fibrosis and tubulointerstitial disease caused by urinary obstruction. Consequently TRPC6 is being extensively investigated as a target for drug discovery. Other TRPC family members are present in kidney. TRPC6 can form a functional heteromultimer with TRPC3, and it has been suggested that TRPC5 may also play a role in glomerular disease progression, although the evidence on this is contradictory. Here we review literature on the expression and regulation of TRPC6, TRPC3 and TRPC5 in various cell types of the vertebrate kidney, the evidence that these channels are dysregulated in disease models, and research showing that knock-out or pharmacological inhibition of these channels can reduce the severity of kidney disease. We also summarize several areas that remain controversial, and some of the large gaps of knowledge concerning the fundamental role of these proteins in regulation of renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart E Dryer
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Hila Roshanravan
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eun Young Kim
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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de la Peña E, Gomis A. Characterization of TRPC Channels in a Heterologous System Using Calcium Imaging and the Patch-Clamp Technique. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1987:83-97. [PMID: 31028675 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9446-5_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The family of transient receptor potential (TRPs) channels contains 28 mammalian members, each a unique cellular sensor that responds to a wide variety of external and internal signals. TRP channels are expressed by most mammalian cells, where they are involved in many different physiological functions. Canonical TRP channels (TRPCs) form a family of nonselective cationic channels, although with greater selectivity for Ca2+. This family is made up of seven members (TRPC1-7), all of which contain a TRP box in the carboxyl terminal and 3-4 ankyrin repeats in the amino terminal. While these channels share some similar properties, they display diverse gating mechanisms and are involved in different signaling pathways (Gees M et al., Compr Physiol, 2012). The activation or inhibition of these channels has been studied using different approaches and techniques. Here, we characterize the activation of the TRPC5 channel expressed in a heterologous system, using calcium imaging and the patch-clamp technique in whole-cell configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Gomis
- Instituto de Neurociencias, UMH-CSIC, Alicante, Spain.
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25
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A sensory-motor neuron type mediates proprioceptive coordination of steering in C. elegans via two TRPC channels. PLoS Biol 2018; 16:e2004929. [PMID: 29883446 PMCID: PMC6010301 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2004929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal locomotion is mediated by a sensory system referred to as proprioception. Defects in the proprioceptive coordination of locomotion result in uncontrolled and inefficient movements. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying proprioception are not fully understood. Here, we identify two transient receptor potential cation (TRPC) channels, trp-1 and trp-2, as necessary and sufficient for proprioceptive responses in C. elegans head steering locomotion. Both channels are expressed in the SMDD neurons, which are required and sufficient for head bending, and mediate coordinated head steering by sensing mechanical stretches due to the contraction of head muscle and orchestrating dorsal head muscle contractions. Moreover, the SMDD neurons play dual roles to sense muscle stretch as well as to control muscle contractions. These results demonstrate that distinct locomotion patterns require dynamic and homeostatic modulation of feedback signals between neurons and muscles. Proprioception provides the nervous system with feedback about body posture in animals and is essential for the generation of coherent locomotive behaviors, such as walking, running, or crawling. However, little is known about the identity of proprioceptive receptors that sense body movement to regulate locomotion and the extent to which proprioception modulates sensorimotor coordination. Here, we analyze the molecular mechanisms that control head steering locomotion of Caenorhabditis elegans. We show that this movement is regulated by the transient receptor potential cation (TRPC) channels TRP-1 and TRP-2 and the SMDD proprioceptive neurons. We observe that mutant animals for both channels are defective in head steering locomotion and that ectopic expression of TRP-1 or TPR-2 in a C. elegans chemosensory neuron confers head bending–dependent responses, suggesting roles for these channels in proprioception. We also find that SMDD neurons are both necessary and sufficient to generate head steering locomotion via the two channels. Moreover, we demonstrate that the proprioceptive system mediates locomotion coordination by desynchronizing activities in motor systems. We conclude that two TRPC channels in collaboration with the proprioceptive receptor SMDD neurons control head steering in worms during forward locomotion.
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Correspondence: Reply to 'Challenging a proposed role for TRPC5 in aortic baroreceptor pressure-sensing'. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1244. [PMID: 29572437 PMCID: PMC5865186 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02704-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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27
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Pires PW, Earley S. Redox regulation of transient receptor potential channels in the endothelium. Microcirculation 2018; 24. [PMID: 27809396 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
ROS and RNS are important mediators of signaling pathways in the endothelium. Specific members of the TRP superfamily of cation channels act as important Ca2+ influx pathways in endothelial cells and are involved in endothelium-dependent vasodilation, regulation of barrier permeability, and angiogenesis. ROS and RNS can modulate the activity of certain TRP channels mainly by modifying specific cysteine residues or by stimulating the production of second messengers. In this review, we highlight the recent literature describing redox regulation of TRP channel activity in endothelial cells as well as the physiological importance of these pathways and implication for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Wagner Pires
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Scott Earley
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
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28
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Kole K, Scheenen W, Tiesinga P, Celikel T. Cellular diversity of the somatosensory cortical map plasticity. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 84:100-115. [PMID: 29183683 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Sensory maps are representations of the sensory epithelia in the brain. Despite the intuitive explanatory power behind sensory maps as being neuronal precursors to sensory perception, and sensory cortical plasticity as a neural correlate of perceptual learning, molecular mechanisms that regulate map plasticity are not well understood. Here we perform a meta-analysis of transcriptional and translational changes during altered whisker use to nominate the major molecular correlates of experience-dependent map plasticity in the barrel cortex. We argue that brain plasticity is a systems level response, involving all cell classes, from neuron and glia to non-neuronal cells including endothelia. Using molecular pathway analysis, we further propose a gene regulatory network that could couple activity dependent changes in neurons to adaptive changes in neurovasculature, and finally we show that transcriptional regulations observed in major brain disorders target genes that are modulated by altered sensory experience. Thus, understanding the molecular mechanisms of experience-dependent plasticity of sensory maps might help to unravel the cellular events that shape brain plasticity in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen Kole
- Department of Neurophysiology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Neuroinformatics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Wim Scheenen
- Department of Neurophysiology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Tiesinga
- Department of Neuroinformatics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tansu Celikel
- Department of Neurophysiology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Adding dimension to cellular mechanotransduction: Advances in biomedical engineering of multiaxial cell-stretch systems and their application to cardiovascular biomechanics and mechano-signaling. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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30
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Wu L, Luthringer BJC, Feyerabend F, Zhang Z, Machens HG, Maeda M, Taipaleenmäki H, Hesse E, Willumeit-Römer R, Schilling AF. Increased levels of sodium chloride directly increase osteoclastic differentiation and resorption in mice and men. Osteoporos Int 2017; 28:3215-3228. [PMID: 28849275 PMCID: PMC5635092 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-017-4163-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED To better understand the association between high salt intake and osteoporosis, we investigated the effect of sodium chloride (NaCl) on mice and human osteoclastogenesis. The results suggest a direct, activating role of NaCl supplementation on bone resorption. INTRODUCTION High NaCl intake is associated with increased urinary calcium elimination and parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion which in turn stimulates the release of calcium from the bone, resulting in increased bone resorption. However, while calciuria after NaCl loading could be shown repeatedly, several studies failed to reveal a significant increase in PTH in response to a high-sodium diet. Another possible explanation that we investigated here could be a direct effect of high-sodium concentration on bone resorption. METHODS Mouse bone marrow macrophage and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) driven towards an osteoclastogenesis pathway were cultivated under culture conditions mimicking hypernatremia environments. RESULTS In this study, a direct effect of increased NaCl concentrations on mouse osteoclast differentiation and function was observed. Surprisingly, in a human osteoclast culture system, significant increases in the number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive osteoclasts, calcitonin receptor (CTR)-positive osteoclasts, nuclear factor-activated T cells c1 (NFATc1) gene expression, and areal and volumetric resorptions were observed for increasing concentrations of NaCl. This suggests a direct, activating, cell-mediated effect of increased concentrations of NaCl on osteoclasts. CONCLUSIONS The reported that enhanced bone resorption after high-sodium diets may not only be secondary to the urinary calcium loss but may also be a direct, cell-mediated effect on osteoclastic resorption. These findings allow us to suggest an explanation for the clinical findings independent of a PTH-mediated regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wu
- Department of Biological Characterisation, Institute for Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Geesthacht, Germany
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - B J C Luthringer
- Department of Biological Characterisation, Institute for Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Geesthacht, Germany
| | - F Feyerabend
- Department of Biological Characterisation, Institute for Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Z Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Orthopedics, Hand Surgery Division, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - H G Machens
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - M Maeda
- Heisenberg Group for Molecular Skeletal Biology, Department of Trauma, Hand, and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - H Taipaleenmäki
- Heisenberg Group for Molecular Skeletal Biology, Department of Trauma, Hand, and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - E Hesse
- Heisenberg Group for Molecular Skeletal Biology, Department of Trauma, Hand, and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - R Willumeit-Römer
- Department of Biological Characterisation, Institute for Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Geesthacht, Germany
| | - A F Schilling
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.
- Clinic for Trauma Surgery, Orthopedic Surgery, and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
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31
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Lindström JB, Pierce NT, Latz MI. Role of TRP Channels in Dinoflagellate Mechanotransduction. THE BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN 2017; 233:151-167. [PMID: 29373067 DOI: 10.1086/695421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels are common components of mechanosensing pathways, mainly described in mammals and other multicellular organisms. To gain insight into the evolutionary origins of eukaryotic mechanosensory proteins, we investigated the involvement of TRP channels in mechanosensing in a unicellular eukaryotic protist, the dinoflagellate Lingulodinium polyedra. BLASTP analysis of the protein sequences predicted from the L. polyedra transcriptome revealed six sequences with high similarity to human TRPM2, TRPM8, TRPML2, TRPP1, and TRPP2; and characteristic TRP domains were identified in all sequences. In a phylogenetic tree including all mammalian TRP subfamilies and TRP channel sequences from unicellular and multicellular organisms, the L. polyedra sequences grouped with the TRPM, TPPML, and TRPP clades. In pharmacological experiments, we used the intrinsic bioluminescence of L. polyedra as a reporter of mechanoresponsivity. Capsaicin and RN1734, agonists of mammalian TRPV, and arachidonic acid, an agonist of mammalian TRPV, TRPA, TRPM, and Drosophila TRP, all stimulated bioluminescence in L. polyedra. Mechanical stimulation of bioluminescence, but not capsaicin-stimulated bioluminescence, was inhibited by gadolinium (Gd3+), a general inhibitor of mechanosensitive ion channels, and the phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor U73122. These pharmacological results are consistent with the involvement of TRP-like channels in mechanosensing by L. polyedra. The TRP channels do not appear to be mechanoreceptors but rather are components of the mechanotransduction signaling pathway and may be activated via a PLC-dependent mechanism. The presence and function of TRP channels in a dinoflagellate emphasize the evolutionary conservation of both the channel structures and their functions.
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Key Words
- AA, amino acids
- AMTB hydrochloride, N-(3-Aminopropyl)-2-[(3-methylphenyl)methoxy]-N-(2-thienylmethyl)benzamide hydrochloride
- Ce, Caenorhabditis elegans
- Cr, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
- DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide
- Dm, Drosophila melanogaster
- Dr, Danio rerio
- FSW, filtered seawater
- Gd3+, gadolinium
- GsMTx4, Grammostola spatulata mechanotoxin 4
- HC067047, 2-Methyl-1-[3-(4-morpholinyl)propyl]-5-phenyl-N-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxamide
- HMM, Hidden Markov Model
- Hs, Homo sapiens
- Lp, Lingulodinium polyedra
- ML204, 4-Methyl-2-(1-piperidinyl)-quinoline
- Mb, Monosiga brevicollis
- ORF, open reading frame
- PIP2, Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate
- PLC, phospholipase C
- Pt, Paramecium tetraurelia
- RHC80267, O,O′-[1,6-Hexanediylbis(iminocarbonyl)]dioxime cyclohexanone
- RN1734, 2,4-Dichloro-N-isopropyl-N-(2-isopropylaminoethyl)benzenesulfonamide
- RN1747, 1-(4-Chloro-2-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl-4-benzylpiperazine
- TMHMM, transmembrane helix prediction
- TRP, transient receptor potential channel
- U73122, 1-[6-[((17β)-3-Methoxyestra-1,3,5[10]-trien-17-yl)amino]hexyl]-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione
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Taruno A, Marunaka Y. Hypotonicity activates a voltage-dependent membrane conductance in N2a neuroblastoma cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 484:331-335. [PMID: 28130109 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.01.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
To maintain cellular and bodily homeostasis, cells respond to extracellular stimuli including osmotic stress by activating various ion channels, which have been implicated in many physiological and pathophysiological conditions. However, cellular osmosensory mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we report a novel voltage-dependent current in N2a cells activated by exposure to hypotonic stress. After a hypotonic challenge, N2a cells sequentially develop two distinct currents. The volume-regulated anion channel (VRAC) current emerges first and, after a delay, activation of a previously uncharacterized strongly outwardly rectifying current follows. The latter, delayed current (Id) is insensitive to NPPB, a nonspecific blocker of Cl- channels, and intracellular Mg2+, which inhibits VRAC and swelling-activated TRPM3 and TRPM7 channels. Replacement of extracellular Na+ with NMDG+ reduces inward tail currents, suggesting that Id is mediated by cations. Finally, Id shows voltage-dependent activation with slow activation kinetics and half-maximal activation at +76 mV. These pharmacological and biophysical characteristics of Id are distinct from those of known osmotic cell swelling-activated ion channels. In conclusion, our data identify and characterize a novel osmotically-activated, voltage-dependent ion channel in N2a cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiyuki Taruno
- Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho Kamigyo-ward, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
| | - Yoshinori Marunaka
- Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho Kamigyo-ward, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan; Department of Bio-Ionomics, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho Kamigyo-ward, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
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Effects of transient receptor potential canonical 1 (TRPC1) on the mechanical stretch-induced expression of airway remodeling-associated factors in human bronchial epithelioid cells. J Biomech 2016; 51:89-96. [PMID: 27986325 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Research has shown that mechanical stress stimulation can cause airway remodeling. We investigate the effects of mechanical stretch on the expression of the airway remodeling-associated factors interleukin-13 (IL-13) and matrix metalloprotein-9 (MMP-9) and signaling pathways in human bronchial epithelioid (16HBE) cells under mechanical stretch. A Flexcell FX-4000 Tension System with a flexible substrate was applied to stretch 16HBE cells at a 15% elongation amplitude and 1Hz frequency, with stretching for 0.5h, 1h, 1.5h and 2h. The experimental group with higher IL-13, MMP-9, and TRPC1 expression and higher Ca2+ levels was selected for performing intervention experiment. These cells were pretreated with the transient receptor potential canonical 1 (TRPC1) channel antagonist SKF96365 and TRPC1-specific siRNA, and then mechanical stretch was applied. Our results provided evidences that mechanical pressure significantly increased IL-13, MMP-9, and TRPC1 protein and mRNA expression levels and intracellular Ca2+ fluorescence intensity at 4 time points compared with the control group. The peak IL-13, MMP-9, and TRPC1 expression levels were observed at 0.5h after exposure to mechanical pressure. IL-13 and MMP-9 expression levels and Ca2+ fluorescence intensity in the stretch+SKF96365 group and in the stretch+TRPC1 siRNA group were significantly lower than those were in the mechanical stretch group. By incubating the cells with the intracellular calcium chelator BAPTA-AM, the expression of IL-13 and MMP9 was significantly decreased, and the expression level of TRPC1 remained unchanged. These observations suggest that mechanical stretch may induce an influx of Ca2+ and up-regulation of IL-13 and MMP-9 expression in 16HBE cells via activation of TRPC1.
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Zablotskii V, Polyakova T, Lunov O, Dejneka A. How a High-Gradient Magnetic Field Could Affect Cell Life. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37407. [PMID: 27857227 PMCID: PMC5114642 DOI: 10.1038/srep37407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological effects of high-gradient magnetic fields (HGMFs) have steadily gained the increased attention of researchers from different disciplines, such as cell biology, cell therapy, targeted stem cell delivery and nanomedicine. We present a theoretical framework towards a fundamental understanding of the effects of HGMFs on intracellular processes, highlighting new directions for the study of living cell machinery: changing the probability of ion-channel on/off switching events by membrane magneto-mechanical stress, suppression of cell growth by magnetic pressure, magnetically induced cell division and cell reprograming, and forced migration of membrane receptor proteins. By deriving a generalized form for the Nernst equation, we find that a relatively small magnetic field (approximately 1 T) with a large gradient (up to 1 GT/m) can significantly change the membrane potential of the cell and thus have a significant impact on not only the properties and biological functionality of cells but also cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitalii Zablotskii
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, 18221, Czech Republic
| | - Tatyana Polyakova
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, 18221, Czech Republic
| | - Oleg Lunov
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, 18221, Czech Republic
| | - Alexandr Dejneka
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, 18221, Czech Republic
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35
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Lau OC, Shen B, Wong CO, Tjong YW, Lo CY, Wang HC, Huang Y, Yung WH, Chen YC, Fung ML, Rudd JA, Yao X. TRPC5 channels participate in pressure-sensing in aortic baroreceptors. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11947. [PMID: 27411851 PMCID: PMC4947175 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood pressure is maintained within a normal physiological range by a sophisticated regulatory mechanism. Baroreceptors serve as a frontline sensor to detect the change in blood pressure. Nerve signals are then sent to the cardiovascular control centre in the brain in order to stimulate baroreflex responses. Here, we identify TRPC5 channels as a mechanical sensor in aortic baroreceptors. In Trpc5 knockout mice, the pressure-induced action potential firings in the afferent nerve and the baroreflex-mediated heart rate reduction are attenuated. Telemetric measurements of blood pressure demonstrate that Trpc5 knockout mice display severe daily blood pressure fluctuation. Our results suggest that TRPC5 channels represent a key pressure transducer in the baroreceptors and play an important role in maintaining blood pressure stability. Because baroreceptor dysfunction contributes to a variety of cardiovascular diseases including hypertension, heart failure and myocardial infarction, our findings may have important future clinical implications. The identity of mechanosensors within aortic baroreceptors that sense fluctuations in blood pressure is unclear. Here, Lau et al. show that a cation channel TRPC5 acts as a transducer of mechanical stimuli in aortic baroreceptor neurons in rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- On-Chai Lau
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bing Shen
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Physiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ching-On Wong
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yung-Wui Tjong
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun-Yin Lo
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hui-Chuan Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing-Ho Yung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yang-Chao Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Man-Lung Fung
- Department of Physiology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - John Anthony Rudd
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Yao
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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