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Vieira R, Montezuma D, Barbosa C, Macedo Pinto I. Cervical cytology and HPV distribution in Cape Verde: A snapshot of a country taken during its first HPV nation-wide vaccination campaign. Tumour Virus Res 2024; 17:200280. [PMID: 38621479 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvr.2024.200280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer ranks as the third most common female cancer in Cape Verde and is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women in the country. While Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, which started in 2021, is anticipated to significantly reduce disease incidence, cervical screening remains crucial for non-vaccinated women. We retrospectively reviewed gynecologic cytology exams and HPV tests performed in Cape Verde between 2017 and April 2023 and processed at IMP Diagnostics. For this study, we considered 13035 women with cytology examinations performed and, 2013 of these, also with an HPV molecular test. Cytology diagnostics comprised 83 % NILM cases; 12 % ASC-US; 2.7 % LSIL; 1.2 % ASC-H; 0.5 % HSIL and 0.1 % SCC. In 505 (25.1 %) high-risk HPV infection was detected. Prevalence of HPV infection varied with age, peaking at young ages - ≤24 years old (55.5 %) and 25-35-year-old women (31.5 %) - and the lowest after 66 years old (9.7 %). Herein we present a comprehensive study regarding Cape Verde's cervical cytology and HPV distribution, aiming to provide a snapshot of the country's cervical cytology results and HPV distribution in recent years. Moreover, these data may contribute to establish a baseline to assess, in the future, the vaccination impact in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Vieira
- IMP Diagnostics, Edifício Trade Center 61, Praça Do Bom Sucesso, 4150-146, Porto, Portugal
| | - Diana Montezuma
- IMP Diagnostics, Edifício Trade Center 61, Praça Do Bom Sucesso, 4150-146, Porto, Portugal; Doctoral Programme in Medical Sciences, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences - University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal.
| | - Carla Barbosa
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitário Agostinho Neto, Cabo Verde
| | - Isabel Macedo Pinto
- IMP Diagnostics, Edifício Trade Center 61, Praça Do Bom Sucesso, 4150-146, Porto, Portugal
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Nittala MR, Yang J, Velazquez AE, Salvemini JD, Vance GR, Grady CC, Hathaway B, Roux JA, Vijayakumar S. Precision Population Cancer Medicine in Cancer of the Uterine Cervix: A Potential Roadmap to Eradicate Cervical Cancer. Cureus 2024; 16:e53733. [PMID: 38455773 PMCID: PMC10919943 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
With the success of the Human Genome Project, the era of genomic medicine (GM) was born. Later on, as GM made progress, there was a feeling of exhilaration that GM could help resolve many disease processes. It also led to the conviction that personalized medicine was possible, and a relatively synonymous word, precision medicine (PM), was coined. However, the influence of environmental factors and social determinants of diseases was only partially given their due importance in the definition of PM, although more recently, this has been recognized. With the rapid advances in GM, big data, data mining, wearable devices for health monitoring, telemedicine, etc., PM can be more easily extended to population-level health care in disease management, prevention, early screening, and so on.and the term precision population medicine (PPM) more aptly describes it. PPM's potential in cancer care was posited earlier,and the current authors planned a series of cancer disease-specific follow-up articles. These papers are mainly aimed at helping emerging students in health sciences (medicine, pharmacy, nursing, dentistry, public health, population health), healthcare management (health-focused business administration, nonprofit administration, public institutional administration, etc.), and policy-making (e.g., political science), although not exclusively. This first disease-specific report focuses on the cancer of the uterine cervix (CC). It describes how recent breakthroughs can be leveraged as force multipliers to improve outcomes in CC - by improving early detection, better screening for CC, potential GM-based interventions during the stage of persistent Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and treatment interventions - especially among the disadvantaged and resource-scarce populations. This work is a tiny step in our attempts to improve outcomes in CC and ultimately eradicate CC from the face of the earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary R Nittala
- Radiation Oncology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, USA
| | - Johnny Yang
- Radiation Oncology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, USA
| | | | - John D Salvemini
- Radiation Oncology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, USA
| | - Gregory R Vance
- Radiation Oncology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, USA
| | - Camille C Grady
- Radiation Oncology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, USA
| | - Bradley Hathaway
- Radiation Oncology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Roux
- Radiation Oncology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, USA
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Ouedraogo RA, Kande A, Nadembega WMC, Ouermi D, Zohoncon TM, Djigma FW, Ouedraogo CMRN, Lompo OM, Simpore J. Distribution of high- and low-risk human papillomavirus genotypes and their prophylactic vaccination coverage among West African women: systematic review. J Egypt Natl Canc Inst 2023; 35:39. [PMID: 38060078 DOI: 10.1186/s43046-023-00196-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The second most deadly gynecological cancer worldwide, cervical cancer is steadily on the rise in sub-Saharan Africa, while vaccination programs are struggling to get off the ground. This systematic review's aim was to assess the prevalence and distribution of high- and low-risk HPV genotypes in West African women. METHODS Original studies were retrieved from PubMed/Medline, Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. In these studies, Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA was assessed in cervical samples by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Hybrid capture, and sequencing. The quality of the articles was assessed and the results were extracted and reviewed. RESULTS Thirty-nine studies from 10 West African countries were included for the systematic review including 30 for the pooled analysis. From an overall of 17358 participants, 5126 of whom were infected with at least one HPV genotype, the systematic review showed a prevalence varying from 8.9% to 81.8% in the general population. In contrast, the pooled prevalence of infection was 28.6% (n = 3890; 95% CI 27.85-29.38), and HPV-52 (13.3%), HPV-56 (9.3%), and HPV-35 (8.2) were the most frequent. Quadrivalent and nonavalent vaccines covered 18.2% and 55.8% of identified genotypes respectively. CONCLUSION Faced with this growing public health challenge in West Africa, it would be necessary for all its countries to have reliable data on HPV infection and to introduce the nonavalent vaccine. A study of the genotypic distribution of HPV in high-grade precancerous lesions and cervical cancer would be very useful in West Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogomenoma Alice Ouedraogo
- Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique, P.O. Box 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
- Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA), P.O. Box 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso.
- Université Nazi BONI, P.O Box 1091, Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso.
| | - Ali Kande
- Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique, P.O. Box 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
- Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA), P.O. Box 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Wendyam Marie Christelle Nadembega
- Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique, P.O. Box 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
- Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA), P.O. Box 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Djeneba Ouermi
- Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique, P.O. Box 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
- Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA), P.O. Box 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Théodora Mahoukèdè Zohoncon
- Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique, P.O. Box 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
- Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA), P.O. Box 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
- Université Saint Thomas d'Aquin, P.O. Box 10212, Ouagadougou 06, Burkina Faso
| | - Florencia Wendkuuni Djigma
- Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique, P.O. Box 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
- Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA), P.O. Box 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Charlemagne Marie Ragnag-Newende Ouedraogo
- Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique, P.O. Box 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
- Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, UFR SDS, P.O. Box 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Olga Mélanie Lompo
- Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique, P.O. Box 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
- Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, UFR SDS, P.O. Box 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouedraogo (CHU/YO), P.O. Box 7022, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Jacques Simpore
- Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique, P.O. Box 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
- Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA), P.O. Box 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
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Grover S, Seckar T, Gao L, Bhatia R, Lin X, Zetola N, Ramogola-Masire D, Robertson E. Characterization of HPV subtypes in invasive cervical cancer in Botswana patients using a pan-pathogen microarray technology. Tumour Virus Res 2023; 15:200262. [PMID: 37209888 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvr.2023.200262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) plays a significant role in the development of cervical cancers in the setting of co-infection with HIV. Botswana has a high prevalence of HIV and cervical cancer. In this study, we investigated the distribution of HPV subtypes in cervical cancer biopsy samples from patients in Botswana using a highly sensitive pan-pathogen microarray technology, PathoChip, to detect both high- (HR-HPV) and low-risk HPV (LR-HPV) subtypes in women living with HIV (WLWH) and women living without HIV. We analyzed samples from 168 patients, of which 73% (n = 123) were WLWH with a median CD4 count of 479.5 cells/μL. Five HR-HPV subtypes were detected in the cohort: HPV 16, 18, 26, 34, and 53. The most prevalent subtypes were HPV 26 (96%) and HPV 34 (92%); 86% of WLWH (n = 106) had co-infection with four or more HR-HPV subtypes compared to 67% (n = 30) of women without HIV (p < 0.01). We detected 66 LR-HPV subtypes among all cervical cancer patients, with HPV 6b and 48 being most prevalent. Notably, signatures for LR-HPV subtypes 10, 41, 90, and 129 were only detected in WLWH. Signal intensity for HPV 18 was significantly weaker in WLWH with CD4 levels ≤200 cells/μL as compared to patients with >200 cells/μL and HIV-negative patients. Although the majority of cervical cancer specimens in this cohort were determined to have multiple HPV infections, the most prevalent HR-HPV subtypes (HPV 26 and HPV34) found in these cervical cancer samples are not covered in the current HPV vaccines. Though no conclusions can be made on the direct carcinogenicity of these subtypes the results do underlie the need for continued screening for prevention of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surbhi Grover
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, USA.
| | - Tyler Seckar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, USA
| | - Le Gao
- Department of Computer Sciences, New Jersey Institute of Technology, USA
| | - Rohini Bhatia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, USA
| | - Xiang Lin
- Department of Computer Sciences, New Jersey Institute of Technology, USA
| | - Nicola Zetola
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, USA
| | - Doreen Ramogola-Masire
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Botswana Medical School, South Africa
| | - Erle Robertson
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, USA
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Dababneh MN, Birdsong G, Mosunjac MB, Krishnamurti U. Human papillomavirus 16/18/45 are not the most frequent genotypes in African American women: analysis in cervical Papanicolaou smears of women in an inner-city hospital. J Am Soc Cytopathol 2023; 12:120-125. [PMID: 36585313 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasc.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cervical cancer is considered the most common human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated disease in women. Primary and secondary prevention methods have been established through Pap tests, HPV molecular testing, and vaccines. Although the most common high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) genotypes in the United States are 16, 18, and 45, there is reported ethnic disparity in the distribution of these genotypes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data analysis of HPV genotype results on cervical pap tests in our institution between late 2018 and early 2020 was performed. The distribution of HPV genotypes in each Bethesda category was evaluated. RESULTS A total of 13,160 smears were evaluated; 75.5% were from African American women. Of those tested for HR-HPV (10,060), 1412 (14%) were HR-HPV positive. In all diagnostic categories of the Bethesda classification system, non-16/18/45 HR-HPV genotypes were more prevalent, ranging from 60.8% even in high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion to 90.4% in negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy. CONCLUSIONS In this study with a predominantly African American population, non-16/18/45 HR-HPV genotypes were prevalent in the majority (60.8%) of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion cases. Ethnic variability should be considered when deciding which HPV genotypes to integrate into the HPV vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melad N Dababneh
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - George Birdsong
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Marina B Mosunjac
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Uma Krishnamurti
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
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Seyoum A, Seyoum B, Gure T, Alemu A, Belachew A, Abeje D, Aseffa A, Howe R, Mulu A, Mihret A. Genotype heterogeneity of high-risk human papillomavirus infection in Ethiopia. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1116685. [PMID: 36846744 PMCID: PMC9951590 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1116685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is a vaccine-preventable sexually transmitted disease. In the year 2020, there were an estimated 604,000 new cases and 342,000 deaths worldwide. Although its incidence is global, it is much higher in sub-Saharan African countries. In Ethiopia, there is a scarcity of data about the prevalence of high-risk HPV infection and its association with cytological profiles. Therefore, this study was conducted to fill this information gap. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 26 to August 28, 2021, and enrolled 901 sexually active women. Socio-demographic and other relevant bio-behavioral and clinical data were collected using a standardized questionnaire. Visual inspection with acetic acid [VIA] was done as an initial screening method for cervical cancer. The cervical swab was then collected using L-Shaped FLOQSwabs in eNAT nucleic acid preservation and transportation medium. A Pap test was done to determine the cytological profile. Nucleic acid was extracted using STARMag 96 ProPrep Kit on SEEPREP32. A Real-time multiplex assay was performed to amplify and detect the HPV L1 gene used for genotyping. The data were entered into Epi data version 3.1 software and exported to STATA version 14 for analysis. A total of 901 (age range from 30 to 60 years, mean age = 34.8 years, and SD± 5.8) women were screened for cervical cancer using VIA and 832 women had a valid co-testing (Pap test and HPV DNA testing) results for further process. The overall prevalence of hr HPV infection was 13.1%. Out of 832 women, 88% of them had normal and 12% had abnormal Pap test results. The proportion of high risk HPV was significantly higher among women with abnormal cytology (X 2 = 688.446, p < 0.001) and younger age (X 2 = 15.3408, p = 0.018). Among 110 women with hr HPV, 14 genotypes (HPV-16, -18, -31, -33, -35, -39, -45, -51, -52, -56, -58, -59, -66, and -68) were identified while HPV-16, -31, -52, -58, and -35 genotypes were highly prevalent. The high risk HPV infection continues to be a significant public health problem among women 30-35 years old. The presence of high-risk HPV irrespective of genotypes is highly correlated with cervical cell abnormalities. Genotype heterogeneity is observed suggesting the importance of periodic geospatial genotyping surveillance for vaccine effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayichew Seyoum
- College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia,Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia,*Correspondence: Ayichew Seyoum, ✉
| | - Berhanu Seyoum
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Gure
- College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Addisu Alemu
- College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Anteneh Belachew
- College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | | | - Abraham Aseffa
- TDR, the Special Program for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Rawleigh Howe
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | - Adane Mihret
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Derbie A, Maier M, Amare B, Misgan E, Nibret E, Liebert UG, Woldeamanuel Y, Abebe T. High-risk human papillomavirus genotype distribution among women with gynecology complaints in northwest Ethiopia. Infect Agent Cancer 2023; 18:4. [PMID: 36703179 PMCID: PMC9881258 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-023-00481-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes differ by geographic location. With the advent of HPV vaccination and HPV-based cervical screening tests in Ethiopia, a nationwide dataset on the genotype distribution of HPV among women has paramount importance in the fight against cervical cancer. However, there is limited data in this regard in the northwest part of the country. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the genotype distribution of high-risk HPVs among women presenting with cervical abnormalities. METHODS A health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (FHCSH), Bahir Dar-Ethiopia. Women aged ≥ 30 years who visited the hospital gynecology unit from 01 March 2019 to 30 October 2021 were included. Following general and pelvic examinations, a senior gynecologist collected cervical punch biopsies for histopathological examinations and cervical swabs for HR-HPV detection using the Abbott Alinity m system (Abbott Molecular, Des Plaines, IL, USA). Extended genotyping was carried out with the INNO-LiPA HPV Genotyping Extra II assay (INNO-LiPA; Fujirebio Europe, Ghent, Belgium) as per the manufacturer protocols at the Institute of Virology, Leipzig University Hospital, Germany. RESULTS We included 355 women with a mean age of 46.4 ± 11.4 years. The majority of the participants, 277 (79.4%) were sexually active before the age of 18 years and 180 (51.6%) had multiple sexual partners. Forty-eight (13.5%) of the participants were HIV positive. The proportion of HR-HPV was 53.0% (n = 188; 95%CI: 47.8-58.1%). From these samples, 13 different HR-HPV types with a total of 258 sequences were identified. The detection of HR-HPV increased significantly with an increase in the age of the participants. The predominant identified HR-HPV was HPV16, 50.4% followed by HPV31 (9.7%), HPV33 (8.5%), HPV39, and HPV68 each (5.8%) and HPV18 (4.7%). Of the total HR-HPV-positive women, 23.9% (45/188) were infected with multiple HR-HPV types. All HPV16, HPV18, HPV35, and HPV45 genotypes (as a single or in coinfections) were found to be associated with either high-grade lesions or cervical cancer. CONCLUSIONS HR-HPV infection was reportedly higher among women in the present study area. Based on our findings, we strongly recommend the nonavalent HPV vaccine for immunization and any HPV-based screening method to take into consideration the predominant genotypes circulating in the country. The role of multiple HPV infections in high-grade cervical lesions entails further study in Ethiopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awoke Derbie
- grid.442845.b0000 0004 0439 5951Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia ,grid.7123.70000 0001 1250 5688Centre for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT-Africa), College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia ,grid.442845.b0000 0004 0439 5951Department of Health Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia ,grid.7123.70000 0001 1250 5688Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia ,grid.411339.d0000 0000 8517 9062Department of Diagnostics, Institute of Virology, Leipzig University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Melanie Maier
- grid.411339.d0000 0000 8517 9062Department of Diagnostics, Institute of Virology, Leipzig University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bereket Amare
- grid.442845.b0000 0004 0439 5951Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Eyaya Misgan
- grid.442845.b0000 0004 0439 5951Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Endalkachew Nibret
- grid.442845.b0000 0004 0439 5951Department of Health Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia ,grid.442845.b0000 0004 0439 5951Department of Biology, College of Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Uwe G. Liebert
- grid.411339.d0000 0000 8517 9062Department of Diagnostics, Institute of Virology, Leipzig University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Yimtubezinash Woldeamanuel
- grid.7123.70000 0001 1250 5688Centre for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT-Africa), College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia ,grid.7123.70000 0001 1250 5688Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Tamrat Abebe
- grid.7123.70000 0001 1250 5688Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Iglesias P, Tendobi C, Carlos S, Lozano MD, Barquín D, Chiva L, Reina G. Characterization of Human Papillomavirus 16 from Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of the Congo)-Implications for Pathogenicity and Vaccine Effectiveness. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10122492. [PMID: 36557745 PMCID: PMC9782055 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 is the main etiological agent of cervical cancer worldwide. Mutations within the virus genome may lead to an increased risk of cancer development and decreased vaccine response, but there is a lack of information about strains circulating in Sub-Saharan Africa. Endocervical cytology samples were collected from 480 women attending a voluntary cervical cancer screening program at Monkole Hospital and four outpatient centers in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). The prevalence of HPV infection was 18.8% and the most prevalent high-risk types were HPV16 (12.2%) followed by HPV52 (8.8%) and HPV33/HPV35 (7.8% each). HPV16 strains were characterized: 57.1% were classified as C lineage; two samples (28.6%) as A1 and one sample belonged to B1 lineage. HPV33, HPV35, HPV16, and HPV58 were the most frequent types associated with low-grade intraepithelial lesion while high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions were predominantly associated with HPV16. Several L1 mutations (T266A, S282P, T353P, and N181T) were common in Kinshasa, and their potential effect on vaccine-induced neutralization, especially the presence of S282P, should be further investigated. Long control region (LCR) variability was high with frequent mutations like G7193T, G7521A, and G145T that could promote malignancy of these HPV16 strains. This study provides a helpful basis for understanding HPV16 variants circulating in Kinshasa and the potential association between mutations of LCR region and malignancy and of L1 and vaccine activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Iglesias
- Microbiology Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Celine Tendobi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre Hospitalier Mère-Enfant (CHME), Ngafani, Kinshasa 4484, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Silvia Carlos
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- ISTUN, Institute of Tropical Health, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-948425600 (ext. 826636)
| | - Maria D. Lozano
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Pathology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - David Barquín
- Microbiology Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Luis Chiva
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 28027 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gabriel Reina
- Microbiology Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- ISTUN, Institute of Tropical Health, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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Wu M, Ma X, Li H, Li B, Wang C, Fan X, Fan A, Xue F. Which is the best management for women with normal cervical cytologic findings despite positivity for non-16/18 high risk human papillomaviruses? Front Public Health 2022; 10:950610. [PMID: 36438260 PMCID: PMC9682294 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.950610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Women who test positive for the human papillomavirus (HPV) but have normal cytology constitute the predominant subgroup of patients in the screening population in the post-vaccination era. The distribution of HPV genotypes changed dramatically, which was attributable to an increase in HPV vaccination coverage. These changes have created uncertainty about how to properly manage women with normal cytology, non-HPV16/18 infections, or persistent infections. Current recommendations include retesting and continued surveillance in the absence of HPV16/18 infection. However, these are not always applicable. The ability to implement genotyping or incorporate HPV16/18 with some additional high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) types for triage and management with the aim of identifying type-specific risks in this population could be acceptable. When the next set of guidelines is updated, generating potential triage strategies for detecting high-grade cervical lesions, such as the p16/Ki67 cytology assay and other alternatives that incorporate genotyping with newer tests, should be considered. Current clinical management is shifting to risk-based strategies; however, no specific risk threshold has been established in this population. Importantly, innovative triage testing should be evaluated in combination with primary screening and management. Furthermore, there is an untapped opportunity to coordinate HPV genotyping in combination with colposcopic characteristics to modify risk in this group. Hence, providing a more personalized schedule through the efficient application of risk stratification and improving the detection of pre-cancer and cancer is an option worth exploring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenic, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaotong Ma
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenic, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Huiyang Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenic, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bijun Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenic, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenic, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiangqin Fan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenic, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Aiping Fan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenic, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Fengxia Xue
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenic, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China,*Correspondence: Fengxia Xue
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10
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Seyoum A, Assefa N, Gure T, Seyoum B, Mulu A, Mihret A. Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infection Among Sub-Saharan African Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Public Health 2022; 10:890880. [PMID: 35875040 PMCID: PMC9304908 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.890880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Among sub-Saharan African women, cervical cancer is steadily increasing with more than 75,000 new cases and 50,000 deaths annually. Due to the vast ethno geography variation, Africa harbors heterogeneous genotypes of HPV. High-risk HPV [hr HPV] genotypes such as hr HPV-16,−18,-35, and−52 are abundantly reported in sub-Saharan Africa. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to generate an evidence on the prevalence and the genotype distribution of hr HPV among sub-Saharan African countries. Methods The review was conducted by following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and Meta-analysis. PubMed/Medline, Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar, Heath Technology assessment and Cochrane Library databases were used to retrieve published original studies between 2001 and 2021. It included studies that used PCR-based or hybrid testing to assess the presence of HPV DNA in a cervical biopsy, cervical swelling, and vaginal swelling. Statistical software for data science (STATA V16) software using a random-effects model was used to determine the pooled prevalence and type-specific distribution of HPV with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The I-squared statistic was used to describe the level of heterogeneity. The study protocol is registered on PROSPERO with reference number CRD42022311157. Results The review included 27 studies conducted in 19 sub-Saharan countries. A total of 16,506 study participants from 27 studies were included in a systematic review and 5,303 of them were infected with the hr HPV infection. Out these, only 3,075 of them were eligible for meta-analysis. The incidence proportion of estimatesof hr HPV infection among study participants with different health conditions ranges from 10.7 to 97.2% while the pooled incidence proportion of estimates is 34% (95%CI: 29–39). Among 3,075 women, 424 (13.8%), 305 (9.9%) and 279 (9%) were infected with HPV-16,−52 and−18, respectively. HPV-16 and−52 are the main genotypes causing the hr HPV infection in the Eastern and Southern African sub-contents, whereas HPV-16 and−35 are the main genotypes in the Western African countries. Conclusions Depending on several factors, especially women's health conditions, the high rate of hr HPV infection with inconsistent genotype distribution shows that it is a growing public health challenge in sub-Saharan African countries. Therefore, to implement a vaccination-based prevention strategy and be effective, considering factors associated with hr HPV infection is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayichew Seyoum
- College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
- *Correspondence: Ayichew Seyoum
| | - Nega Assefa
- College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Gure
- College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Berhanu Seyoum
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | - Adane Mihret
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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11
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Nakisige C, Adams SV, Namirembe C, Okoche L, Ferrenberg J, Towlerton A, Larsen A, Orem J, Casper C, Frenkel L, Uldrick TS. Multiple High-Risk HPV Types Contribute to Cervical Dysplasia in Ugandan Women Living With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2022; 90:333-342. [PMID: 35195571 PMCID: PMC9203909 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000002941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer mortality remains high in sub-Saharan Africa, especially among women living with HIV (WLWH). Characterization of prevalent high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) types and immune function in WLWH with cervical abnormalities despite antiretroviral therapy (ART) can inform prevention strategies. SETTING Kampala, Uganda. METHODS From 2017 to 2020, we enrolled Ugandan women with cervical dysplasia detected with visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA). WLWH were required to be on ART >3 months with plasma HIV RNA <1000 copies/mL. Biopsies from VIA-positive lesions underwent histopathologic grading and cervical swab specimens were tested for hrHPV. Clinical correlations were evaluated with Poisson regression to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR). RESULTS One hundred eighty-eight WLWH and 116 HIV-seronegative women participated. Among WLWH, median ART duration was 6 years and median CD4 667 cells/µL. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 2/3 was found in 29% of WLWH versus 9% of HIV-seronegative women. In women with CIN1 or without histopathology-confirmed dysplasia, hrHPV (aPR [95% confidence interval]: 2.17 [1.43 to 3.29]) and multiple hrHPV (aPR 3.73 [1.07 to 13.1]) were more common in WLWH, as were vaccine-targeted and vaccine-untargeted hrHPVtypes. Differences in hrHPV prevalence by HIV serostatus were not observed in women with CIN2/3 (interaction P < 0.01). Among WLWH, low CD4/8 ratio was associated with hrHPV while detectable plasma HIV RNA (20-1000 copies/mL) was associated with CIN2/3 or invasive cancer. CONCLUSION Despite ART, WLWH with cervical VIA abnormalities remain at elevated risk for multiple hrHPV and high-grade dysplasia. Cervical cancer prevention and research tailored for WLWH are warranted in the ART era.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Scott V. Adams
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division and Global Oncology Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Lazarus Okoche
- Hutchinson Centre Research Institute - Uganda, Fred Hutch, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Andrea Towlerton
- Clinical Research Division and Global Oncology Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anna Larsen
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Corey Casper
- Infectious Disease Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- Departments of Medicine and Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lisa Frenkel
- Departments of Pediatrics, Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Global Health and Medicine, University of Washington; and Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute; Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Thomas S. Uldrick
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division and Global Oncology Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, and University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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12
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Characterization of High-Risk HPV/EBV Co-Presence in Pre-Malignant Cervical Lesions and Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10050888. [PMID: 35630333 PMCID: PMC9144326 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10050888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
High-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs) are the etiological agents of cervical cancer. However, a low proportion of HR-HPV-infected women finally develop this cancer, which suggests the involvement of additional cofactors. Epstein−Barr virus (EBV) has been detected in cervical squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) as well as in low- (LSIL) and high-grade (HSIL) squamous intraepithelial lesions, although its role is unknown. In this study, we characterized HR-HPV/EBV co-presence and viral gene expression in LSIL (n = 22), HSIL (n = 52), and SCC (n = 19) from Chilean women. Additionally, phenotypic changes were evaluated in cervical cancer cells ectopically expressing BamHI-A Rightward Frame 1 (BARF1). BARF1 is a lytic gene also expressed in EBV-positive epithelial tumors during the EBV latency program. HPV was detected in 6/22 (27.3%) LSIL, 38/52 (73.1%) HSIL, and 15/19 (78.9%) SCC cases (p < 0.001). On the other hand, EBV was detected in 16/22 (72.7%) LSIL, 27/52 (51.9%) HSIL, and 13/19 (68.4%) SCC cases (p = 0.177). HR-HPV/EBV co-presence was detected in 3/22 (13.6%) LSIL, 17/52 (32.7%) HSIL, and 11/19 (57.9%) SCC cases (p = 0.020). Additionally, BARF1 transcripts were detected in 37/55 (67.3%) of EBV positive cases and in 19/30 (63.3%) of HR-HPV/EBV positive cases. Increased proliferation, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was observed in cervical cancer cells expressing BARF1. Thus, both EBV and BARF1 transcripts are detected in low- and high-grade cervical lesions as well as in cervical carcinomas. In addition, BARF1 can modulate the tumor behavior in cervical cancer cells, suggesting a role in increasing tumor aggressiveness.
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13
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Ramogola-Masire D, McClung N, Mathoma A, Gargano JW, Nyepetsi NG, Querec TD, Onyekwuluje J, Mine M, Morroni C, Luckett R, Markowitz LE. Human papillomavirus prevalence in male and female university students in Gaborone, Botswana. Epidemiol Infect 2022; 150:1-25. [PMID: 35382907 PMCID: PMC9102060 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268822000619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2015, Botswana introduced the quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine as a two-dose schedule in girls aged 9–13 years. We sought to establish a baseline HPV prevalence in unvaccinated young adults in Botswana. HIV-uninfected men and women aged 18–22 years were recruited from the University of Botswana in Gaborone during October 2019–February 2021. Demographic and behavioural characteristics were self-reported during structured interviews. Self-collected vaginal and penile swabs were tested for 28 HPV types using Seegene Anyplex II HPV28. We compared any HPV type, quadrivalent vaccine (HPV 6, 11, 16, 18)-type and non-quadrivalent vaccine-type prevalence in men and women and evaluated the risk factors for prevalence of any HPV type. A total of 493 men and 500 women were included in the analysis. Compared to men, women had higher prevalence of any HPV type (63.0% versus 31.4%, P < 0.001), vaccine-type HPV (21% versus 9.7%, P < 0.001) and non-vaccine-type HPV (60.4% versus 28.4%, P < 0.001). Higher prevalence of any HPV type in men and women was associated with having ≥2 sex partners in the past 12 months; always using condoms in the past 3 months was associated with a lower HPV prevalence. These data provide baseline information for future evaluation of the population impact of the HPV vaccination programme, including potential herd effects in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doreen Ramogola-Masire
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Nancy McClung
- National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Anikie Mathoma
- Faculty of Medicine, Office of Research and Graduate Studies, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Julia W. Gargano
- National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Naledi Gape Nyepetsi
- Faculty of Medicine, Office of Research and Graduate Studies, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana
- Botswana-University of Maryland School of Medicine, BUMMHI, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Troy D. Querec
- National Center for Emerging, Zoonotic, and Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Juanita Onyekwuluje
- National Center for Emerging, Zoonotic, and Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Madisa Mine
- National Health Laboratory, Botswana Ministry of Health and Wellness, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Chelsea Morroni
- Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Rebecca Luckett
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana
- Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lauri E. Markowitz
- National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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14
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Liu G, Mugo NR, Brown ER, Mgodi NM, Chirenje ZM, Marrazzo JM, Winer RL, Mansoor L, Palanee-Phillips T, Siva SS, Naidoo L, Jeenarain N, Gaffoor Z, Nair GL, Selepe P, Nakabiito C, Mkhize B, Mirembe BG, Taljaard M, Panchia R, Baeten JM, Balkus JE, Hladik F, Celum CL, Barnabas RV. Prevalent human papillomavirus infection increases the risk of HIV acquisition in African women: advancing the argument for human papillomavirus immunization. AIDS 2022; 36:257-265. [PMID: 34172672 PMCID: PMC8702475 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vaccine-preventable human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is common, especially in sub-Saharan Africa where HIV risk is also high. However, unlike other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), HPV's role in HIV acquisition is unclear. We evaluated this relationship using data from MTN-003, a clinical trial of HIV chemoprophylaxis among cisgender women in sub-Saharan Africa. DESIGN A case-control study. METHODS We matched 138 women who acquired HIV (cases) to 412 HIV-negative controls. Cervicovaginal swabs collected within 6 months before HIV seroconversion were tested for HPV DNA. We estimated the associations between carcinogenic (high-risk) and low-risk HPV types and types targeted by HPV vaccines and HIV acquisition, using conditional logistic regression models adjusted for time-varying sexual behaviors and other STIs. RESULTS Mean age was 23 (±4) years. Any, high-risk and low-risk HPV was detected in 84, 74 and 66% of cases, and 65, 55 and 48% of controls. Infection with at least two HPV types was common in cases (67%) and controls (49%), as was infection with nonavalent vaccine-targeted types (60 and 42%). HIV acquisition increased with any [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.5, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.3-4.7], high-risk (aOR 2.6, 95% CI 1.5-4.6) and low-risk (aOR 1.8, 95% CI 1.1-2.9) HPV. Each additional type detected increased HIV risk by 20% (aOR 1.2, 95% CI 1.1-1.4). HIV acquisition was associated with HPV types targeted by the nonavalent (aOR 2.1, 95% CI 1.3-3.6) and quadrivalent vaccines (aOR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1-3.2). CONCLUSION HPV infection is associated with HIV acquisition in sub-Saharan African women. In addition to preventing HPV-associated cancers, increasing HPV vaccination coverage could potentially reduce HIV incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington,
Seattle, USA
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington,
Seattle, USA
| | - Nelly R. Mugo
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington,
Seattle, USA
- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Elizabeth R. Brown
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson
Cancer Research Center, Seattle, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington,
Seattle, USA
| | - Nyaradzo M. Mgodi
- Clinical Trials Research Centre, University of Zimbabwe,
Harare, Zimbabwe
| | | | - Jeanne M. Marrazzo
- Department of Medicine/Division of Infectious Diseases,
University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Rachel L. Winer
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington,
Seattle, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute,
Seattle, USA
| | - Leila Mansoor
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa,
University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Thesla Palanee-Phillips
- Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute in
Johannesburg, South Africa
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand,
Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | | | | | - Zakir Gaffoor
- South Africa Medical Research Council, Durban, South
Africa
| | - Gonasagrie L. Nair
- Desmond Tutu HIV Centre, University of Cape Town, Cape
Town, South Africa
| | | | | | - Baningi Mkhize
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand,
Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | | | - Ravindre Panchia
- Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Chris Hani Baragwanath
Hospital, Soweto, South Africa
| | - Jared M. Baeten
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington,
Seattle, USA
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington,
Seattle, USA
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of
Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Jennifer E. Balkus
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington,
Seattle, USA
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington,
Seattle, USA
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson
Cancer Research Center, Seattle, USA
| | - Floriand Hladik
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of
Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of
Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Connie L. Celum
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington,
Seattle, USA
| | - Ruanne V. Barnabas
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington,
Seattle, USA
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington,
Seattle, USA
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson
Cancer Research Center, Seattle, USA
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of
Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
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15
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Derbie A, Mekonnen D, Nibret E, Maier M, Woldeamanuel Y, Abebe T. Human papillomavirus genotype distribution in Ethiopia: an updated systematic review. Virol J 2022; 19:13. [PMID: 35033141 PMCID: PMC8760777 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-022-01741-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer is caused by infection with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs). It is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in Ethiopia and globally. To develop efficient vaccination and HPV-based cervical cancer screening approaches, data on genotype distribution of HPVs is crucial. Hence, the study was aimed to review HPV genotype distribution in Ethiopia. METHODS Research articles were systematically searched using comprehensive search strings from PubMed/Medline and SCOPUS. Besides, Google Scholar was searched manually for grey literature. The last search was conducted on 18 August 2021. The first two authors independently appraised the studies for scientific quality and extracted the data using Excel sheet. The pooled HPV genotype distribution was presented with descriptive statistics. RESULTS We have included ten studies that were reported from different parts of the country during 2005 and 2019. These studies included 3633 women presented with different kinds of cervical abnormalities, from whom 29 different HPV genotypes with a sum of 1926 sequences were reported. The proportion of high-risk, possible/probable high-risk and low-risk HPVs were at 1493 (77.5%), 182 (9.4%) and 195 (10.1%), respectively. Of the reported genotypes, the top five were HPV 16 (37.3%; 95% CI 35.2.1-39.5%), HPV 52 (6.8%; 95% CI 5.8-8.0%), HPV 35 (4.8%; 95% CI 3.9-5.8%), HPV 18 (4.4%; 95% CI 3.5-5.3%) and HPV 56 (3.9%: 95% CI 3.1-4.9%). Some of other HR-HPV groups include HPV 31 (3.8%), HPV 45 (3.5%), HPV 58 (3.1%), HPV 59(2.3%), and HPV 68 (2.3%). Among the high-risk types, the combined prevalence of HPV 16/18 was at 53.7% (95% CI 51.2-56.3%). HPV 11 (2.7%: 95% CI 2.1-3.5%), HPV 42 (2.1%: 95% CI 1.5-2.8%) and HPV 6 (2.1%: 95% CI 1.4-2.7%) were the most common low-risk HPV types. CONCLUSIONS We noted that the proportion of HR-HPV types was higher and HPV 16 in particular, but also HPV 52, HPV 35 and HPV 18, warrant special attention in Ethiopian's vaccination and HPV based cervical screening program. Additional data from other parts of the country where there is no previous HPV genotype report are needed to better map the national HPV genotypes distribution of Ethiopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awoke Derbie
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
- Centre for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT-Africa), Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
- Department of Health Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
| | - Daniel Mekonnen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
- Department of Health Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Endalkachew Nibret
- Department of Health Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
- College of Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Melanie Maier
- Department of Diagnostics, Institute of Virology, Leipzig University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Yimtubezinash Woldeamanuel
- Centre for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT-Africa), Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Tamrat Abebe
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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16
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Brunner A, Kruis W, Schömig-Markiefka B, Morgenstern J, Engels M, Büttner R, Forner DM. Prevalence of abnormal Pap smear results in inflammatory bowel disease: a prospective study. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 148:3071-3079. [PMID: 34981194 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03909-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Development of malignancy is a pending threat for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Aim of this study was to analyze cervical dysplasia and infection with human papilloma virus (HPV) in patients with IBD. METHODS This was a prospective, single center cohort study in Germany. Consecutive IBD patients admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology were sent to Gynecology, where a questionnaire was answered and gynecological examinations including a smear for cytology and HPV were taken. Participants of a general screening program constituted controls. Descriptive statistics, 95% confidence intervals and odds ratios were calculated. RESULTS A total of 101 patients were recruited of which 99 patients participated. Analysis showed a significant (p = 0.05) difference between the prevalence of abnormal smears in patients with (22%) and without (6%) immunosuppressive therapy, while the latter had cervical abnormalities comparable with healthy controls (5%). All immunosuppressants showed similarly high risks for abnormal smear results. Only 11/99 (11%) patients had positive high-risk HPV tests, which is comparable with general population. CONCLUSION The prevalence of abnormal cervical smears is higher in IBD patients compared to healthy individuals, but the difference is confined to patients with IBD and immunosuppressive therapy. Annual screening is advisable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Brunner
- Evangelisches Krankenhaus Kalk, Buchforststr. 2, 51103, Köln, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kruis
- Evangelisches Krankenhaus Kalk, Buchforststr. 2, 51103, Köln, Germany.
| | | | - Julia Morgenstern
- Abteilung für Gastroenterologie, Pulmologie und Allgemeine Innere Medizin, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Kalk, Buchforststr. 2, 51103, Köln, Germany
| | - Marianne Engels
- Institut für Pathologie des Universitätsklinikums Köln, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Köln, Germany
| | - Reinhard Büttner
- Institut für Pathologie des Universitätsklinikums Köln, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Köln, Germany
| | - Dirk Michael Forner
- Klinik für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Kalk, Buchforststr. 2, 51103, Köln, Germany
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Utami TW, Andrijono A, Putra A, Indarti J, Fleuren G, Jordanova E, Humairah I, Utomo A. Possible different genotypes for human papillomavirus vaccination in lower middle-income countries towards cervical cancer elimination in 2030: a cross-sectional study. Clin Exp Vaccine Res 2022; 11:141-148. [PMID: 35799867 PMCID: PMC9200657 DOI: 10.7774/cevr.2022.11.2.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Human papillomavirus (HPV) genotype and age distribution of HPV infection were crucial for the national vaccination and screening program planning. However, there was a limited study providing these data in the normal cervix population. This study aimed to explore the HPV genotypes profile of women with clinically normal cervix based on Visual Inspection of Acetic Acid (VIA) test. Materials and Methods A 7-year cross-sectional study was conducted from 2012 to 2018 in private and public health care centers in Jakarta. Subjects were recruited consecutively. Data were collected by anamnesis, VIA, and HPV DNA test using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR; SPF10-DEIA-LiPA25) method. HPV genotyping procedures include DNA extraction, PCR (SPF10-DEIA-LiPA25) using the HPV XpressMatrix kit (PT KalGen DNA, East Jakarta, Indonesia), and hybridization. The IBM SPSS ver. 20.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) were used to analyze the data. Results A total of 1,397 subjects were collected. Positive HPV-DNA tests were found in 52 subjects (3.7%); 67% were single and 33% were multiple HPV infections. HPV 52 was the most frequently detected HPV genotype, followed by HPV 39, 16, 18 74, 44, 31, 54, and 66, respectively. The highest HPV infections in this population were in the 31–40 and 41–50 years old group. Conclusion This study suggested beneficial screening for women aged 31–50 years old. Instead of “original” nonavalent (HPV 16, 18, 6, 11, 31, 33, 45, 52, 58), the different “nonavalent” formula for HPV vaccines protecting against HPV 16, 18, 6, 11, 31, 39, 44, 52, 74 might be useful for Indonesian population. However, further multicenter studies with a huge sample size are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tofan Widya Utami
- Oncology Gynecology Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Andrijono Andrijono
- Oncology Gynecology Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Andi Putra
- Oncology Gynecology Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Junita Indarti
- Social Obstetrics and Gynecology Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Gert Fleuren
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Ekaterina Jordanova
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Inas Humairah
- Oncology Gynecology Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ahmad Utomo
- Department of Research and Development, Dharmais Cancer Center, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Identification of the Human Papillomavirus Genotypes, According to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Status in a Cohort of Women from Maputo, Mozambique. Viruses 2021; 14:v14010024. [PMID: 35062228 PMCID: PMC8780750 DOI: 10.3390/v14010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is now a well-established cause of cervical cancer and other anogenital cancers. An association between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and higher HPV incidence and prevalence are commonly reported. This study was conducted to demonstrate HPV prevalence, genotypes and its characteristics, according to the HIV status in women from Maputo in Mozambique. METHODS A total of 233 participants with ages ranging from fourteen to forty-five were included. Cervical samples were collected, DNA extracted, and HPV genotyping was performed using the HPV Direct Flow CHIP Kit. RESULTS In total, 177 HIV-negative and 56 HIV-positive women were included in the analysis. The overall HPV prevalence was 63% and was significantly higher among HIV-positive women (79% versus 58% among HIV-negative women; p = 0.005). The prevalence of multiple HPV type infections was 32%. High-risk HPV types 52, 68, 35, 18 and 16 were the most frequent. A higher proportion of HIV-positive women had multiple HPV types compared with HIV-negative women. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated a high prevalence of HPV in the study cohort. HIV-positive women were identified as having the highest HPV prevalence and infection with multiple HPV types across all ages. High-risk genotypes were the most commonly found.
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Emeribe AU, Abdullahi IN, Etukudo MH, Isong IK, Emeribe AO, Nwofe JO, Umeozuru CM, Shuaib BI, Ajagbe ORO, Dangana A, Egenti BN, Ghamba PE. The pattern of human papillomavirus infection and genotypes among Nigerian women from 1999 to 2019: a systematic review. Ann Med 2021; 53:944-959. [PMID: 34124973 PMCID: PMC8205070 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2021.1938201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are no robust national prevalence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in Nigerian women despite the high burden of cervical cancer morbidity and mortality. THE OBJECTIVE OF STUDY This study aims to determine the pooled prevalence and risk factors of genital HPV infection in Nigeria through a systemic review protocol. METHODS Databases including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and AJOL were searched between 10 April to 28 July 2020. HPV studies on Nigerian females and published from April 1999 to March 2019 were included. GRADE was used to assess the quality of evidence. RESULTS The pooled prevalence of cervical HPV was 20.65% (95%CI: 19.7-21.7). Genotypes 31 (70.8%), 35 (69.9%) and 16 (52.9%) were the most predominant HPV in circulation. Of the six geopolitical zones in Nigeria, northeast had the highest pooled prevalence of HPV infection (48.1%), while the least was in the north-west (6.8%). After multivariate logistic regression, duration (years) of sexual exposure (OR = 3.24, 95%CI: 1.78-9.23]), history of other malignancies (OR = 1.93, 95%CI: 1.03-2.97]), history of sexually transmitted infection (OR = 2.45, 95% CI: 1.31-3.55]), coital frequency per week (OR = 5.11, 95%CI: 3.86-14.29), the status of circumcision of the sexual partner (OR = 2.71, 95%CI: 1.62-9.05), and marital status (OR = 1.72, 95%CI: 1.16-4.72), were significant risk factors of HPV infection (p < 0.05). Irregular menstruation, post-coital bleeding and abdominal vaginal discharge were significantly associated with HPV infection (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION HPV prevalence is high in Nigeria and was significantly associated with several associated risk factors. Rapid screening for high-risk HPV genotypes is recommended and multivalent HPV vaccines should be considered for women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Uchenna Emeribe
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Idris Nasir Abdullahi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Maisie Henrietta Etukudo
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Idongesit Kokoabasi Isong
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Anthony Ogbonna Emeribe
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | | | - Chikodi Modesta Umeozuru
- Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programme, African Field Epidemiology Network, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Buhari Isa Shuaib
- Antiretroviral Therapy Laboratory, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria
| | | | - Amos Dangana
- Department of Medical Laboratory Services, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria
| | | | - Peter Elisha Ghamba
- WHO National Polio Reference Laboratory, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria
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Yu H, Yi J, Dou YL, Chen Y, Kong LJ, Wu J. Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of Human Papillomavirus Among Healthy Females in Beijing, China, 2016-2019. Infect Drug Resist 2021; 14:4173-4182. [PMID: 34675562 PMCID: PMC8519791 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s332668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, especially with high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) genotypes, is closely associated with cervical cancer. This study aimed to observe the epidemiological characteristics of HPV infection among healthy women in Beijing, China. Materials and Methods Cervical specimens were collected from 29,436 healthy women, who underwent health check-ups in Peking Union Medical College Hospital between 2016 and 2019. A commercial kit was used for the detection of 15 HR-HPV and two low-risk HPV (LR-HPV) genotypes. Results A total of 3586 (12.18%) participants tested positive for HPV, 3467 of which were infected with HR-HPVs. The most prevalent genotypes were HPV52, 58, 16, 51, and 56. Moreover, while infection with a single genotype (9.84%) was more prevalent, HPV16+52 was the most common combination in those infected with multiple HPVs. Furthermore, the highest infection rate among age groups was in women aged <25 years (20.92%). No significant difference in the prevalence was observed from 2016 to 2019. However, HPV incidence in Beijing was significantly different than that in all other areas in China, except for Zhengzhou (p < 0.05). Conclusion Our findings could serve as potential reference for better understanding of the epidemiological characteristics of HPV infection in Beijing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hepingli Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Ling Dou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Jun Kong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Njuguna DW, Mahrouseh N, Isowamwen OV, Varga O. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Main Stakeholders towards Human Papilloma Virus Infection and Vaccination in Mombasa and Tana-River Counties in Kenya: A Qualitative Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:1099. [PMID: 34696206 PMCID: PMC8538985 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9101099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Following a successful Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccination pilot in 2013-2015 in Kitui county, Kenya introduced the HPV vaccine in October 2019 with a goal to immunize approximately 800,000 girls annually against HPV. Our study assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practice of affected groups towards HPV infection and vaccination in two counties of Kenya. Semi-structured interviews from children aged between nine and thirteen years and key informants comprising of parents, head teachers, community leaders and health workers involved in HPV vaccination in health facilities from Mombasa and Tana-River counties were conducted. Content was analyzed thematically and coded for emerging themes using the QRS Nvivo 12 Plus (QRS International, Doncaster, Australia) software package. From our findings, a significant proportion of participants, especially children, have limited knowledge of the subject. Vaccination of boys was opposed by most participants. Parents and the community members are not in favor of HPV vaccination, as compared to the other groups. A similar pattern of inadequate knowledge and strongly opposed attitudes was observed in Tana-River and Mombasa. Active community involvement in primary prevention strategies may promote the uptake of the vaccine which can be achieved by robust awareness, modifying the negative beliefs about HPV vaccine and encouraging the perceptibility of HPV vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Wangeshi Njuguna
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (D.W.N.); (N.M.)
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Nour Mahrouseh
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (D.W.N.); (N.M.)
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | | | - Orsolya Varga
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (D.W.N.); (N.M.)
- Office for Supported Research Groups, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 1052 Budapest, Hungary
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Rasheed FA, Yakasai IA, Takai IU, Yusuf I, Ibrahim UM. Cervical cytopathological changes in pregnancy: An experience from a low resource setting. Ann Afr Med 2021; 20:212-221. [PMID: 34558451 PMCID: PMC8477285 DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_47_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer is the leading cause of death among women in developing countries. It is preventable through effective cervical cancer screening program. However, in Nigeria, screening programs are opportunistic and coverage is insufficient to make an impact. Aim: This study assessed the cervical cytopathological changes among pregnant women at booking using liquid-based cytology (LBC) in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH). Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study that was carried out at the antenatal Clinic of AKTH, Kano, Nigeria. A total of 161 pregnant women who fulfilled the criteria and gave their consent were recruited into the study using systematic sampling technique at booking for antenatal care. LBC was employed using standard procedure and samples sent to histopathology department for analysis. Pro forma developed for the study was used to obtain the socio-demographic and reproductive characteristics of the women and the risk factors for abnormal cervical cytology. Results: Out of the 161 pregnant women that had cervical cytology screening using LBC on their first prenatal visit during the study, 22 had abnormal cervical cytology, giving a prevalence rate of 13.7%. Out of this, six (27.3%) were atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance, 3 (13.6%) were Atypical Squamous Cells, Cannot Rule Out HSIL (ASC-H), 11 (50.0%) were low-grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions while 2 (9.1%) were high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. Negative smears were seen in 104 women (64.6%). Inflammatory and other conditions of the cervix which are technically negative smears made up the remaining 21.7%. There was a statistically significant association between cervical cytology results and advanced age (P < 0.01), increasing number of lifetime sexual partners since coitarche (P < 0.01), high parity (P < 0.01), absent previous Pap test (P < 0.027), previous history of sexually transmitted infections (P < 0.040), and positive HIV status (P < 0.001). Following binary logistic regression, advanced maternal age, increasing number of sexual partners, high parity, and positive HIV status stood out to be independent predictors of premalignant lesions of the cervix in pregnancy in this study. Conclusion: Advanced maternal age, increasing number of sexual partners, high parity, and positive HIV status stood out to be independent predictors of premalignant lesions of the cervix in the study. Routine cervical cytology screening using LBC should be offered to all antenatal clients in our setting to increase coverage and detection rate of preinvasive lesions of the cervix, and/or pregnant women with increased risk of abnormal cervical cytology from this study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ibrahim Adamu Yakasai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bayero University, Kano/Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Idris Usman Takai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bayero University, Kano/Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Ibrahim Yusuf
- Department of Histopathology, Bayero University, Kano/Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
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Seong J, Ryou S, Lee J, Yoo M, Hur S, Choi BS. Enhanced disease progression due to persistent HPV-16/58 infections in Korean women: a systematic review and the Korea HPV cohort study. Virol J 2021; 18:188. [PMID: 34535177 PMCID: PMC8447749 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-021-01657-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a key factor for the development and progression of cervical cancer. We sought to identify the type-specific HPV prevalence by cervical cytology and assess disease progression risk based on high-risk persistent HPV infection in South Korea. METHODS To investigate the HPV prevalence by Pap results, we searched seven literature databases without any language or date restrictions until July 17, 2019. To estimate the risk of disease progression by HPV type, we used the Korea HPV Cohort study data. The search included the terms "HPV" and "Genotype" and "Korea." Studies on Korean women, type-specific HPV distribution by cytological findings, and detailed methodological description of the detection assay were included. We assessed the risk of disease progression according to the high-risk HPV type related to the nonavalent vaccine and associated persistent infections in 686 HPV-positive women with atypical squamous cells of uncertain significance or low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions from the Korea HPV Cohort Study. Type-specific HPV prevalence was the proportion of women positive for a specific HPV genotype among all HPV-positive women tested for that genotype in the systematic review. RESULTS We included 23 studies in our review. HPV-16 was the most prevalent, followed by HPV-58, -53, -70, -18, and -68. In women with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, including cancer, HPV-16, -18, and -58 were the most prevalent. In the longitudinal cohort study, the adjusted hazard ratio of disease progression from atypical squamous cells of uncertain significance to high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions was significantly higher among those with persistent HPV-58 (increase in risk: 3.54-5.84) and HPV-16 (2.64-5.04) infections. CONCLUSIONS While HPV-16 was the most prevalent, persistent infections of HPV-16/58 increased the risk of disease progression to high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. Therefore, persistent infections of HPV-16 and -58 are critical risk factors for cervical disease progression in Korea. Our results suggest that equal attention should be paid to HPV-58 and -16 infections and provide important evidence to assist in planning the National Immunization Program in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehyun Seong
- Division of Clinical Research, Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmi Ryou
- Division of Clinical Research, Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - JeongGyu Lee
- Division of Clinical Research, Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeongsu Yoo
- Division of Clinical Research, Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sooyoung Hur
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Sun Choi
- Division of Clinical Research, Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
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Tagne Simo R, Kiafon FB, Nangue C, Goura AP, Ebune JL, Usani MC, Nwabo Kamdje AH, Seke Etet PF, Telefo PB. Influence of HIV infection on the distribution of high-risk HPV types among women with cervical precancerous lesions in Yaounde, Cameroon. Int J Infect Dis 2021; 110:426-432. [PMID: 34332083 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To characterize high-risk HPV types associated with cervical precancerous lesions in women living in Yaounde, Cameroon, and to determine their distribution with HIV status. METHODS Women with abnormal pap smears recorded from February 2015 to May 2019 at Saint Martin de Porres' Health Centre, Yaounde, Cameroon, were recruited in this study after obtaining informed consent. Pap smears were collected and re-examined. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) serology was determined. HPV16, 18, 33, and 45 were assessed using standard PCR. RESULTS All included participants (370) were HPV-positive and had either low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (67.03%) or high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (31.35%). They were subdivided into HIV-positive (N =102) and HIV-negative (N =268). In the HIV-negative subgroup, we observed 66.04% HPV16-positve, 41.79% HPV18-positve, 21.27% HPV33-positve and 8.21% HPV45-positve. In the HIV-positive subgroup, we observed 22.55% HPV16-positve, 5.88% HPV18-positve, 75.49% HPV33-positve, and 49.02% HPV45-positve. Married HIV-positive participants (47.14 ± 1.19) were older than both their single counterparts (34.94±1.22, P = 0.0008) and HIV-negative participants (41.43 ± 0.79, P = 0.0001). Single HIV-positive women reported higher numbers of miscarriages (P = 0.0023), and had later first sexual intercourse than HIV-negative (P = 0.0079) women. CONCLUSION Our study suggested differential expressions in high-risk HPV types with HIV status and cervical precancerous lesions and warrants more extensive studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Tagne Simo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Ngaoundere, Cameroun.
| | - F B Kiafon
- Anato-Cytopathology Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Dominicain Saint Martin de Porres, Yaounde, Cameroun; Cameroon Evangelical University Institute, Bandjoun, Cameroun
| | - C Nangue
- Cameroon Evangelical University Institute, Bandjoun, Cameroun; Meilleur Accès aux soins de Santé (M.A. SANTE), Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - André P Goura
- Meilleur Accès aux soins de Santé (M.A. SANTE), Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Jackson L Ebune
- Anato-Cytopathology Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Dominicain Saint Martin de Porres, Yaounde, Cameroun
| | - Moki C Usani
- Elizaberth Glaser Pediatric Aids Foundation, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Armel H Nwabo Kamdje
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Ngaoundere, Cameroun
| | - Paul F Seke Etet
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Biochemistry, FMBS, University of Ngaoundere, Garoua, Cameroon; Center for Sustainable Health and Development, Garoua, Cameroon
| | - Phélix B Telefo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
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Drokow EK, Effah CY, Agboyibor C, Sasu E, Amponsem-Boateng C, Akpabla GS, Ahmed HAW, Sun K. The Impact of Video-Based Educational Interventions on Cervical Cancer, Pap Smear and HPV Vaccines. Front Public Health 2021; 9:681319. [PMID: 34307280 PMCID: PMC8294697 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.681319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Video-based interventions have the potential to contribute to long-lasting improvements in health-seeking behaviours. Ghana's upsurge rate of information and communication technology usage presents an opportunity to improve the awareness of HPV vaccination and screening rates of cervical cancer among women in Ghana. This research aimed to assess the impact of video-based educational intervention centred on the Health Belief and Transtheoretical Models of behavioural changes in promoting HPV vaccination, cervical carcinoma awareness and willingness to have Pap smear test (PST) among women in Ghana. Methods: To achieve the intended sample size, convenient, purposive and stratified random sampling techniques were used. SPSS v. 23.0 was used in the data analysis. Percentages and frequencies were used to represent participants' demographic characteristics, knowledge of (1) cervical carcinoma, (2) human papillomavirus vaccine, and (3) Pap smear test. The chi-square test by McNemar was employed to evaluate variations in the post- and pre-intervention responses. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The level of significance was adjusted owing to multiple comparisons by using the Bonferroni's correction. Results: Before the intervention, 84.2% of the participant had some knowledge or information about cervical cancer, but after the intervention, 100% of the participant became aware of cervical cancer which represents 15.8% increment at a P < .001. The willingness to have a pap smear test increased from 35.8% to 94.2% (df = 58.4%, P < .001) after the educational intervention. The willingness to be vaccinated increased from 47.5% to 81.7% (df = 34.2%, P < .001) after the educational intervention. Six months after the intervention, participants were followed-up. 253 (42.2%) participants had gone for cervical cancer screening (Pap smear test) while 347 (57.8%) participants had not been screened. In terms of HPV vaccination, 192 participants (32.0%) had begun their HPV vaccination cycle. Conclusion: The study results show that health education, using videos, may be influential in perception changing, self-efficacy improvement and the understanding of cervical carcinoma screening and HPV vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Kwateng Drokow
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital and Henan Provincial People's Hospital Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | - Clement Agboyibor
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Evans Sasu
- Department of Radiotherapy, National Centre for Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana
| | - Cecilia Amponsem-Boateng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | - Hafiz Abdul Waqas Ahmed
- Department of Haematology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital and Henan Provincial People's Hospital Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Department of Haematology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital and Henan Provincial People's Hospital Henan, Zhengzhou, China
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Multimodality screening and prevention of cervical cancer in sub-Saharan Africa: a collaborative model. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2021; 32:28-35. [PMID: 31804231 DOI: 10.1097/gco.0000000000000597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Although cervical cancer continues to decrease in incidence throughout the developed world because of rigorous screening and vaccination campaigns, the disease remains a major cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality in resource-limited regions including sub-Saharan Africa. This review summarizes current efforts to implement cost-effective and widespread cervical cancer education, screening, and community-based interventions in Africa and the challenges faced by local healthcare workers. RECENT FINDINGS Effective screening with cytology (with or without high-risk human papillomavirus [HPV] DNA testing) as well as HPV self-sampling remains problematic in African countries because of a paucity of cytopathologists and resources. Accordingly, visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid (VIA) with cryotherapy triage has gained traction in mass-screening campaigns because of low-cost supplies. SUMMARY Public education to facilitate screening is essential. VIA remains a strong community-based approach. The involvement of technology in teaching local providers, advertising screenings to the community, and helping improve follow-up may also improve screening efforts. Ultimately, the best form of prevention is through HPV vaccination, which also requires implementation of ongoing public education programs.
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Chigozie N, Hilfinger Messiaa DK, Adebola A, Ojiegbe T. Men's willingness to support HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening in Nigeria. Health Promot Int 2021; 37:6276503. [PMID: 33993249 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daab056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the second most common female cancer in Nigeria, even though it can be prevented by vaccination and screening. The uptake of these preventive services is extremely low due to lack of spousal support and cost. Human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccines and cervical screening require finance as health services are mostly paid out of pocket. This study explored Nigerian men's willingness to encourage and pay for family member to obtain HPV vaccine and cervical screening. This is a cross-sectional study of 352 men aged 18-65 years living in 12 communities in the 6-geopolitical region. We found poor perception of HPV risk, and believed their family was not susceptible to cervical cancer. However, the majority (>80%) believed HPV vaccine and cervical screenings are important. Additionally, a good number (>58%) would encourage and pay for their family member to receive HPV vaccine and cervical screening. Residency, educational level and monthly income were significantly associated with willingness to encourage their family to receive HPV vaccine and cervical screening. Also, age group, marital status, residency, educational level and monthly income were significantly associated with the willingness to pay for HPV vaccine and cervical cancer screening. Majority were willing to encourage and pay for their family member to get vaccinated and receive cervical screening. This supports the findings that lack of male involvement may be an overlooked obstacle to cervical cancer prevention in developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nkwonta Chigozie
- Registered Nurse, Federal Medical Center, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Tochukwu Ojiegbe
- Registered Nurse, Federal Medical Center, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
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Williams EA, Newberg J, Williams KJ, Montesion M, Alexander BM, Lin DI, Elvin JA. Prevalence of High-Risk Nonvaccine Human Papillomavirus Types in Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma Among Individuals of African vs Non-African Ancestry. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e216481. [PMID: 33970261 PMCID: PMC8111484 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.6481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study assesses the prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) types not covered by the 9-valent HPV vaccine among patients of African vs non-African ancestry with advanced squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik A. Williams
- UCSF Dermatopathology Service, Department of Pathology, Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco
- Foundation Medicine Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | - Kevin Jon Williams
- Department of Physiology, Department of Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Mboumba Bouassa RS, Gubavu C, Veyer D, Robin L, Gravier A, Hocqueloux L, Prazuck T, Péré H, Bélec L. High Prevalence of Cervical High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Harboring Atypical Genotypes in Human Immunodeficiency Virus -Infected and -Uninfected First-Generation Adult Immigrant Women Originating from Sub-Saharan Africa and Living in France. J Immigr Minor Health 2021; 23:308-319. [PMID: 32816173 PMCID: PMC7914190 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-020-01074-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cervical lesions in first-generation immigrant African women in France should reflect the epidemiology of high-risk (HR)-human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in sub-Saharan Africa. First-generation immigrant African women attending the Centre Hospitalier Régional of Orléans, France, were prospectively subjected to endocervical swabs for HPV DNA PCR and Pap smear. Fifty women (mean age, 41.7 years) living in France (mean stay, 10.7 years) were enrolled, including 26.0% of HIV-negative women from general population and 74.0% of women with known HIV infection. Cervical HPV prevalence was 68.0%, with 56.0% of HR-HPV. HR-HPV -68 and -58 were the predominant genotypes (20.0% and 14.0%, respectively). HR-HPV-16 and HR-HPV-18 were infrequently detected. HIV-infected women showed a trend to be more frequently infected by HPV than HIV-negative women (70.3% versus 61.5%). Most women (84.0%) showed normal cytology, while the remaining (16.0%) exhibited cervical abnormalities and were frequently HIV-infected (87.5%). These observations highlight the unsuspected high burden of cervical HR-HPV infections mostly associated with atypical genotypes, HIV infection and cervical abnormalities in first-generation immigrant African women living in France.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph-Sydney Mboumba Bouassa
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
- Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Université Paris Descartes (Paris V), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- École Doctorale en Infectiologie Tropicale, Franceville, Gabon
- INSERM U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre, Université Paris-Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Camelia Gubavu
- Service Des Maladies Infectieuses Et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Régional D'Orléans, La Source, France
| | - David Veyer
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
- Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Université Paris Descartes (Paris V), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Leman Robin
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
- Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Université Paris Descartes (Paris V), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Anne Gravier
- Service Des Maladies Infectieuses Et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Régional D'Orléans, La Source, France
| | - Laurent Hocqueloux
- Service Des Maladies Infectieuses Et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Régional D'Orléans, La Source, France
| | - Thierry Prazuck
- Service Des Maladies Infectieuses Et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Régional D'Orléans, La Source, France
| | - Hélène Péré
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
- Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Université Paris Descartes (Paris V), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- INSERM U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre, Université Paris-Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Bélec
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.
- Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Université Paris Descartes (Paris V), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
- INSERM U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre, Université Paris-Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.
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A Cross-sectional Study on the Prevalence of Cervical Dysplasia Among Women With Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting. J Low Genit Tract Dis 2021; 25:210-215. [PMID: 34176912 DOI: 10.1097/lgt.0000000000000601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of cervical dysplasia among migrant women with female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) at a specialized clinic in Switzerland. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a descriptive retrospective cross-sectional study. We reviewed the electronic medical records of all women who attended a specialized FGM/C clinic at the Geneva University Hospitals between 2010 and 2016. We examined sociodemographic data, sexually transmitted infections, FGM/C types, Pap smear results, and follow-up in women diagnosed with cervical dysplasia. RESULTS Three hundred sixty records were reviewed and 338 women were included. The average age was 33 years (SD = 7.47 years). Most women were from Eritrea and Somalia (n = 204, 60.4%) and had FGM/C type III (n = 188, 55.6%). A total of 12.4% (n = 42) of the patients had abnormal Pap smears: 1.5% (n = 5) with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV), 7.9% (n = 27) with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), and 2.9% (n = 10) with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion or higher (HSIL +). Of the 37 patients with dysplasia, 22 (59.4%) completed follow-up and 15 (40.5%) received incomplete follow-up. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion+ among migrant women with FGM/C is high (2.95%) compared with the general Swiss population (0.58%). Follow-up for cervical dysplasia must be improved by increasing provider knowledge of this patient population and by addressing barriers to care.
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Doh G, Mkong E, Ikomey GM, Obasa AE, Mesembe M, Fokunang C, Jacobs GB. Preinvasive cervical lesions and high prevalence of human papilloma virus among pregnant women in Cameroon. Germs 2021; 11:78-87. [PMID: 33898344 DOI: 10.18683/germs.2021.1243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Introduction With the exception of breast cancer, gynecologic neoplasms constitute the most common cancers that complicate pregnancy. Pregnancy therefore presents a window of opportunity for all pregnant women who do not take part in routine free cervical cancer screening program to undergo a free voluntary cytological test and human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing. This study aimed to determine prevalent HPV genotypes among pregnant women using exfoliated cells from cervical swabs and determine risk factors responsible for the upsurge of cervical precancerous lesions. Methods In a cross-sectional study conducted from October 2017 to March 2018, a total of 482 pregnant women were enrolled. Cervical swabs and samples for cytology were collected from each enrolled participant during their routine prenatal consultation. The Papanicolaou's (Pap) staining technique was performed and all cervical swab samples were amplified through conventional PCR. HPV genotypes were identified using the Roche Linear Array Genotyping Assay. SAS 9.2 software (SAS Institute Inc., USA) was used for statistical analysis and p values >0.05 were considered significant. Results Among the 482 participants, 354 (73.4%) had normal cytology and 128 (26.6%) had abnormal cytology. HPV DNA was identified in 62/464 (13.4%). The most prominent HPV types identified were HPV 16 (24%), HPV 18 (36.4%), HPV 45 (28%), HPV 53 (18.9%) and HPV 67 (24.3%). Early intercourse, number of sexual partners and age at first pregnancy were some of the risk factors that influenced the etiology of preinvasive cervical lesion. Conclusions Prevalent HPV types identified in our study were HPV 16, 18, 45, 53 and 67. Organizing effective screening programs in prenatal care facilities is crucial in order to detect prevalent HR-HPV types and precursors for cervical lesions. The addition of HPV vaccination in the national immunization program with focus on the different epidemiological HPV genotypes circulating in the country is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilbert Doh
- MSc, Center for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases (CSCCD), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box. 8445 Yaoundé, Cameroon, Division of Anatomical pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, P.O. Box 241 Cape Town, 8000, South Africa
| | - Edwin Mkong
- BSc, Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, P.O. Box 241 Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa
| | - George Mondinde Ikomey
- MSc, PhD, Center for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases (CSCCD), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box. 8445 Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Adetayo Emmanuel Obasa
- MSc, PhD, Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, P.O. Box 241 Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa
| | - Martha Mesembe
- BDc, Center for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases (CSCCD), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box. 8445 Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Charles Fokunang
- PhD, CBiol, MIBiol, Department of Pharmacotoxicology and Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box. 8445 Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Graeme Brendon Jacobs
- MSc, PhD, Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, P.O. Box 241 Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa
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Leptomeningeal Carcinomatosis of a Poorly Differentiated Cervical Carcinoma Caused by Human Papillomavirus Type 18. Viruses 2021; 13:v13020307. [PMID: 33669206 PMCID: PMC7919799 DOI: 10.3390/v13020307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is caused by a persistent infection with high-risk types of Papillomaviruses (hrHPV); HPV16 and HPV18 are associated with about 70% of the cases. In the last decades the introduction of a cervical cancer screening has allowed a decrease in cervical cancer incidence and mortality; regular adhesion to the screening procedures, by pap test or HPV test, and colposcopy, according to the international guidelines, prevents cancer development and allows for diagnosis at the early stages. Nowadays, in industrialized countries, it is not common to diagnose this pathology in advanced stages, and this occurrence is frequently associated with patient’s unattendance of cervical screening programs. We describe a case of delayed diagnosis of cervical cancer, posed only after the onset of the neurological symptoms caused by leptomeningeal metastases, despite a two-year history of abnormal cytology. The endocervical mass was analyzed by immunohistochemistry, and search and typing of HPV sequences was performed by PCR in the meningeal carcinomatous cells. A poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma was diagnosed, and HPV18 sequences were detected. This rapidly fatal case highlights the importance of following the evidence-based recommended protocols and the preventive role of the population-based cervical cancer screening programs.
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Rotondo JC, Oton-Gonzalez L, Mazziotta C, Lanzillotti C, Iaquinta MR, Tognon M, Martini F. Simultaneous Detection and Viral DNA Load Quantification of Different Human Papillomavirus Types in Clinical Specimens by the High Analytical Droplet Digital PCR Method. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:591452. [PMID: 33329471 PMCID: PMC7710522 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.591452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are small DNA tumor viruses that mainly infect mucosal epithelia of anogenital and upper respiratory tracts. There has been progressive demand for more analytical assays for HPV DNA quantification. A novel droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) method was developed to simultaneously detect and quantify HPV DNA from different HPV types. DdPCR was initially tested for assay sensitivity, accuracy, specificity as well as intra- and inter-run assay variation employing four recombinant plasmids containing HPV16, HPV18, HPV11, and HPV45 DNAs. The assay was extended to investigate/quantify HPV DNA in Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN, n = 45) specimens and human cell lines (n = 4). DdPCR and qPCR data from clinical samples were compared. The assay showed high accuracy, sensitivity and specificity, with low intra-/inter- run variations, in detecting/quantifying HPV16/18/11/45 DNAs. HPV DNA was detected in 51.1% (23/45) CIN DNA samples by ddPCR, whereas 40% (18/45) CIN tested HPV-positive by qPCR. Five CIN, tested positive by ddPCR, were found to be negative by qPCR. In CIN specimens, the mean HPV DNA loads determined by ddPCR were 3.81 copy/cell (range 0.002–51.02 copy/cell), whereas 8.04 copy/cell (range 0.003–78.73 copy/cell) by qPCR. DdPCR and qPCR concordantly detected HPV DNA in SiHa, CaSki and Hela cells, whereas HaCaT tested HPV-negative. The correlation between HPV DNA loads simultaneously detected by ddPCR/qPCR in CINs/cell lines was good (R2 = 0.9706, p < 0.0001). Our data indicate that ddPCR is a valuable technique in quantifying HPV DNA load in CIN specimens and human cell lines, thereby improving clinical applications, such as patient management after primary diagnosis of HPV-related lesions with HPV-type specific assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Charles Rotondo
- Laboratories of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Lucia Oton-Gonzalez
- Laboratories of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Chiara Mazziotta
- Laboratories of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carmen Lanzillotti
- Laboratories of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Iaquinta
- Laboratories of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mauro Tognon
- Laboratories of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fernanda Martini
- Laboratories of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Bogale AL, Belay NB, Medhin G, Ali JH. Molecular epidemiology of human papillomavirus among HIV infected women in developing countries: systematic review and meta-analysis. Virol J 2020; 17:179. [PMID: 33198743 PMCID: PMC7670609 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-020-01448-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although, there is a variable burden of human papillomavirus (HPV) in women infected with HIV in developing countries, there are few studies that attempted to surmise such variable evidences. This review aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of HPV genotype distribution and risk factors contributing to HPV infection among women infected with HIV in low- and middle-income countries. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies conducted in developing countries and reported HPV prevalence. We searched electronic databases: PubMed/Medline, SCOPUS, ScienceDirect, Excerpta Medical Database from Elsevier, Web of science, Cumulative Index of Nursing and allied Health Sciences and Google scholar databases to retrieve primary studies published in English language till 11th August 2019. We used random-effects model to estimate the pooled prevalence of HPV genotypes, and funnel plot to assess publication bias. The registration number of this review study protocol is CRD42019123549. Results We included nineteen studies with a total of 8,175 participants in this review. The prevalence of HPV was extremely heterogeneous across the studies (χ2= 3782.80, p value < 0.001, I2 = 99.6%). The estimated pooled prevalence of all HPV genotypes was 63.0% (95% CI: 48.0–78.0) while the pooled prevalence of high risk and low risk HPV genotypes were 51.0% (95% CI: 38.0–63.0) and 28.0% (95% CI: 12.0–43.0), respectively. The pooled prevalence of HPV genotype 16 was 20%, while genotype 18 and 52 were 15% and 13%, respectively. Different risk factors reported for HPV infection and the frequently reported were low CD4 count below 200 cells/mm3 and high HIV viral load.
Conclusion The pooled prevalence of HPV among HIV infected women in low- and middle-income countries was considerable and the proportion of high risk HPV genotypes were high when compared with low risk genotypes. Therefore, it is essential for the HPV prevention program to prevent the double burden of HPV and HIV in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agajie Likie Bogale
- Ethiopian Public Health Institute, and Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Nega Berhe Belay
- Department of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Girmay Medhin
- Department of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Jemal Haidar Ali
- School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, 1000, P.O. Box 27285, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Orang'o EO, Were E, Rode O, Muthoka K, Byczkowski M, Sartor H, Vanden Broeck D, Schmidt D, Reuschenbach M, von Knebel Doeberitz M, Bussmann H. Novel concepts in cervical cancer screening: a comparison of VIA, HPV DNA test and p16 INK4a/Ki-67 dual stain cytology in Western Kenya. Infect Agent Cancer 2020; 15:57. [PMID: 33024449 PMCID: PMC7531147 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-020-00323-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Screening of unvaccinated women remains essential to mitigate the high morbidity/mortality of cervical cancer. Here, we compared visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), recommended by WHO as the most cost-effective screening approach in LMICs, with HPV-based screening, and usage of p16INK4a/Ki-67 dual stain cytology. Methods We prospectively enrolled women participating in a VIA-based cervical cancer screening program in two peri-urban health centers of Kenya. Consenting women had a VIA examination preceded by collection of a liquid-based cytology sample from the cervix stored in PreservCyt medium (Hologic®). Analysis of all samples included a hrHPV DNA test and evaluation of a p16INK4a /Ki-67 (CINtecPLUS®) dual stained slide that was prepared using the ThinPrep® 2000 Processor and evaluated by a pathologist trained in the methodology. Results In 701 of a total of 800 women aged 18–64 years, all three investigations were performed and data could be analyzed. The HPV, VIA and dual stain cytology positivity were 33%, 7%, and 2% respectively. The HPV positivity rate of VIA positive cases was 32%. The five most common HPV types were HPV16, 52, 68, 58 and 35. The OR among HIV infected women of an HPV infection, VIA positivity and positive dual stain cytology were 2.6 (95%CI 1.5–4.3), 1.9 (95%CI 0.89–4.4) and 3.4 (95%CI 1.07–10.9) respectively. The sensitivity of VIA to detect a p16INK4a/Ki-67 positive transforming infection was 13% (95%CI 2–38). Conclusions Primary HPV testing appears feasible and should be considered as a primary screening test also in LMICs. The poor sensitivity of VIA renders it unsuitable as a triage test for HPV positive women. The utility of p16INK4a/Ki-67 dual stain cytology as a triage test for HPV positive women in LMICs should be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elkanah Omenge Orang'o
- Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH), Eldoret, Kenya.,Department of Reproductive Health, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya
| | - Edwin Were
- Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH), Eldoret, Kenya.,Department of Reproductive Health, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya
| | - Oliver Rode
- Applied Tumor Biology, Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kapten Muthoka
- Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH), Eldoret, Kenya
| | | | - Heike Sartor
- Applied Tumor Biology, Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Davy Vanden Broeck
- International Centre of Reproductive Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,National Reference Centre for HPV, Brussels, Belgium.,Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, AML, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Dietmar Schmidt
- MVZ of Histology, Cytology and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Cytopathology, Trier, Germany
| | - Miriam Reuschenbach
- Applied Tumor Biology, Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Hermann Bussmann
- Applied Tumor Biology, Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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Mchome B, Swai P, Wu C, Katanga J, Kahesa C, Manongi R, Mwaiselage JD, Kjaer S, Rasch V, Linde DS. Comprehensive Cervical Cancer Prevention in Tanzania (CONCEPT) study: Cohort profile. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e038531. [PMID: 32948569 PMCID: PMC7511617 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Cervical cancer is a major cause of death among women in Eastern Africa, and the distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) according to HIV status is inadequately characterised in this region. In order to guide future cervical cancer preventive strategies that involve HPV testing, the Comprehensive Cervical Cancer Prevention in Tanzania (CONCEPT) study was established in 2015. The CONCEPT cohort aims to investigate the natural history of HPV and determine acquisition and persistence patterns of high-risk (HR) HPV among HIV-positive and HIV-negative women. Further, the influence of lifestyle and sexual/reproductive factors will be investigated. The main objective of this article is to describe how the CONCEPT cohort was established. PARTICIPANTS Women aged 25-60 years were enrolled from cervical cancer screening clinics in Dar-es-Salaam and Moshi, Tanzania. Data were collected at baseline, at 14 months (first follow-up) and at 28 months (second follow-up). Biological samples included two cervical swabs for careHPV DNA testing, cytology, Hybrid Capture 2, genotyping and blood samples for HIV. Visual inspection with acetic acid was performed, and sociodemographic, lifestyle and sexual/reproductive characteristics were collected through a standardised questionnaire. FINDINGS TO DATE 4043 women were included in the cohort from August 2015 to May 2017. At baseline, 696 (17.1%) women were HR HPV positive, and among these, 31.6% were HIV positive; 139 women (3.4%) had high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. 3074 women (81%) attended the first follow-up. The majority attended after receiving a phone call reminder (35%) or from home via self-samples (41%). At first follow-up, 438 (14.4%) were HR HPV positive and 30.4% of these were HIV positive. FUTURE PLANS A second follow-up is underway (17 December 2018-October 2020). We plan to integrate our data with a previous cross-sectional HPV study from Tanzania to increase the power of our findings. Researchers interested in collaborating are welcomed, either by extracting data or jointly requesting further investigation from the cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bariki Mchome
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Patricia Swai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Chunsen Wu
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Johnson Katanga
- Department for Cancer Prevention Services, Ocean Road Cancer Institute, Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Crispin Kahesa
- Department for Cancer Prevention Services, Ocean Road Cancer Institute, Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Rachel Manongi
- Department of Public Health, Kilimanjaro Chrstian Medical College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Julius D Mwaiselage
- Department for Cancer Prevention Services, Ocean Road Cancer Institute, Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Susanne Kjaer
- Department of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Gynaecology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vibeke Rasch
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ditte Søndergaard Linde
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Teka B, Gizaw M, Ruddies F, Addissie A, Chanyalew Z, Skof AS, Thies S, Mihret A, Kantelhardt EJ, Kaufmann AM, Abebe T. Population-based human papillomavirus infection and genotype distribution among women in rural areas of South Central Ethiopia. Int J Cancer 2020; 148:723-730. [PMID: 32875552 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In Ethiopia, cervical cancer is the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality from all cancers in women. Persistent infection with human papillomaviruses (HPV) plays a key role in the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive cervical cancer. To establish baseline data on the population-based prevalence of HPV infection and genotype distribution, we investigated cervical HPV epidemiology among rural women. This population-based study was conducted among rural women aged 30-49 years in Butajira, south-central Ethiopia. A total of 893 samples were tested from 1020 screened women. A self-sampling device (Evalyn Brush, Rovers, Oss, The Netherlands) was used and HPV presence and genotype was determined using multiplexed genotyping (MPG) by BSGP5+/6+ PCR with Luminex read out. The HPV positivity rate was 23.2% (95% CI: 23.54-22.86%) and 20.5% (95% CI = 20.79-20.21) and 10.3% (95% CI = 10.52-10.08) women were high-risk (hr- and low-risk (lr-) HPV positive, respectively. Fifty five (7.2%) of the women showed multiple hr-HPV infections. Age-specific hr-HPV infection peaked in the age-group 30- to 34 years old (58.6%) and decreased in 35-39, 40-44 and 45-49 years to 20.4%, 4.5% and 3.8% respectively. The top five prevalent hr-HPV genotypes were HPV16 (57.1%), 35 (20.3%), 52 (15.8%), 31 (14.1%), and 45 (9.6%) in the Butajira district. As a first population-based study in the country, our results can serve as valuable reference to guide nationwide cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccination programs in Ethiopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brhanu Teka
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology School of Medicine College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Muluken Gizaw
- Addis Ababa University, School of Public Health, Department of Preventive Medicine, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.,Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University, Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
| | - Friederike Ruddies
- Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University, Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
| | - Adamu Addissie
- Addis Ababa University, School of Public Health, Department of Preventive Medicine, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Zewditu Chanyalew
- Department of Pathology, St.Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College, Ethiopia
| | - Anna Sophie Skof
- Clinic for Gynecology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah Thies
- Clinic for Gynecology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Adane Mihret
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology School of Medicine College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.,Armauer Hansen Research Institute (AHRI), Ethiopia
| | - Eva Johanna Kantelhardt
- Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University, Halle-Wittenberg, Germany.,Department of Gynaecology, Martin-Luther-University, Halle-, Wittenberg, Germany
| | - Andreas M Kaufmann
- Clinic for Gynecology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tamrat Abebe
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology School of Medicine College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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38
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Zare E, Roozbeh N, Akbari PA, Teshnizi SH, Ghazanfarpour M, Abdi F. HPV and its high-risk genotypes in Middle Eastern countries: a meta-analysis. Future Virol 2020. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2019-0155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: HPV is the main cause of cervical cancer. Determining the geographic distribution of HPV genotypes is a major step in the implementation of cervical cancer screening. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of HPV and its high-risk genotypes in Middle Eastern countries. Materials & methods: MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus and ProQuest were searched from 2005 to 2018. The quality of the studies was determined by Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology checklist. Fixed/random effects models were conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence. Results: The pooled prevalence of HPV was 12.3 and 5.2%. The prevalence of HPV in Africa (22%) was higher than that in Eurasia (8.3%) and Asia (12.6%). The prevalence of HPV was 14.4, 8.3, 22 and 10.2% in Iran, Turkey, Egypt and Arab countries, respectively. The prevalence of high-risk-HPV in the above-mentioned countries was 6.5, 6.2, 6.5 and 3.7%. Conclusion: Prevalence of HPV was increased in the Middle East. This highlights the need for public education, screening and vaccination programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Zare
- Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasibeh Roozbeh
- Mother and Child Welfare Research Center, Hormozgan Universiy of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Pouran Akhavan Akbari
- Department of Midwifery, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Saeed Hosseini Teshnizi
- Mother and Child Welfare Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Abdi
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center,Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
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Okoye JO, Ngokere AA, Erinle C, Mbamalu C. Co-existence of Herpes simplex virus type 2 and two other oncoviruses is associated with cervical lesions in women living with HIV in South-Western Nigeria. Afr Health Sci 2020; 20:1015-1023. [PMID: 33402947 PMCID: PMC7751508 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v20i3.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) in cervical lesions is under-reported, especially in Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infected persons. Objectives This study determined the prevalence of viral mono-infections, co-infections and squamous cell intraepithelial lesions (SIL) in HIV seropositive (HIV+) and HIV seronegative (HIV-) women. Methods This study included HIV+ and HIV- women (105 each). Cervical smears and viral antibodies were evaluated by Papanicolaou's technique and ELISA method, respectively. Results The prevalence of HSV-2, HPV and EBV infections, and SIL were higher in HIV+ women (75.2, 41.9, 41 and 32.4%) than in HIV- women (45.7, 26.7, 26.7 and 13.3%) at p< 0.0001, p= 0.029, 0.041 and 0.002, respectively. Higher prevalence of viral mono-infection and tri-infection was observed in HIV+ women (43.8 and 24.8%) than in HIV- women (27.6 and 8.6%) at p= 0.021, and 0.003, respectively. The prevalence of SIL was also higher in HIV+ women with viral mono-infection, bi-infection and tri-infection (15.2, 42.9, and 53.8%) than in HIV- women (6.9, 12.5, and 44.4%) at p= 0.468, 0.041, and 0.711, respectively. Conclusion This study suggests that the high prevalence of SIL in HIV+ women could be associated with viral co-infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jude Ogechukwu Okoye
- Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Medical Laboratory Science; Babcock University, Medical Laboratory Science
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Cheng L, Wang Y, Du J. Human Papillomavirus Vaccines: An Updated Review. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8030391. [PMID: 32708759 PMCID: PMC7565290 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8030391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines, which were introduced in many countries in the past decade, have shown promising results in decreasing HPV infection and related diseases, such as warts and precancerous lesions. In this review, we present the updated information about current HPV vaccines, focusing on vaccine coverage and efficacy. In addition, pan-gender vaccination and current clinical trials are also discussed. Currently, more efforts should be put into increasing the vaccine’s coverage, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Provision of education on HPV and vaccination is one of the most important methods to achieve this. Vaccines that target HPV types not included in current vaccines are the next stage in vaccine development. In the future, all HPV-related cancers, such as head and neck cancer, and anal cancer, should be tracked and evaluated, especially in countries that have introduced pan-gender vaccination programs. Therapeutic vaccines, in combination with other cancer treatments, should continue to be investigated.
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Ampofo AG, Gyamfuaah SA, Opoku NS, Owusu SO, Ibitoye MB. A pilot study of a video-based educational intervention and knowledge of cervical cancer among senior high school students in Ghana: A before-after study. J Cancer Policy 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpo.2020.100220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Mboumba Bouassa RS, Péré H, Gubavu C, Prazuck T, Jenabian MA, Veyer D, Meye JF, Touzé A, Bélec L. Serum and cervicovaginal IgG immune responses against α7 and α9 HPV in non-vaccinated women at risk for cervical cancer: Implication for catch-up prophylactic HPV vaccination. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233084. [PMID: 32421735 PMCID: PMC7233543 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer associated with high risk-human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection is becoming the one of the most common female cancer in many sub-Saharan African countries. First-generation immigrant African women living in Europe are at-risk for cervical cancer, in a context of social vulnerability, with frequent lack of cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccination. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to address immunologically the issue of catch-up prophylactic HPV vaccination in first-generation African immigrant women living in France. METHODS IgG immune responses and cross-reactivities to α7 (HPV-18, -45 and -68) and α9 (HPV-16, -31, -33, -35, -52 and -58) HPV types, including 7 HR-HPV targeted by the Gardasil-9® prophylactic vaccine, were evaluated in paired serum and cervicovaginal secretions (CVS) by HPV L1-virus-like particles-based ELISA. Genital HPV were detected by multiplex real time PCR (Seegene, Seoul, South Korea). RESULTS Fifty-one immigrant women (mean age, 41.7 years; 72.5% HIV-infected) were prospectively included. More than two-third (68.6%) of them carried genital HPV (group I) while 31.4% were negative (group II). The majority (90.2%) exhibited serum IgG to at least one α7/α9 HR-HPV. Serum HPV-specific IgG were more frequently detected in group I than group II (100% versus 68.7%; P = 0.002). The distribution of serum and genital HPV-specific IgG was similar, but mean number of IgG reactivities to α7/α9 HR-HPV was higher in serum than CVS (5.6 IgG per woman in serum versus 3.2 in CVS; P<0.001). Rates of IgG cross-reactivities against HPV different from detected cervicovaginal HPV were higher in serum and CVS in group I than group II. Finally, the majority of groups I and II women (68.6% and 68.7%, respectively) exhibited serum or cervicovaginal IgG to Gardasil-9® HR-HPV, with higher mean rates in group I than group II (6.1 Gardasil-9® HR-HPV per woman versus 1.4; P<0.01). One-third (31.2%) of group II women did not show any serum and genital HPV-specific IgG. CONCLUSIONS Around two-third of first-generation African immigrant women living in France showed frequent ongoing genital HPV infection and high rates of circulating and genital IgG to α7/α9 HPV, generally cross-reacting, avoiding the possibility of catch-up vaccination. Nevertheless, about one-third of women had no evidence of previous HPV infection, or showed only low levels of genital and circulating HR-HPV-specific IgG and could therefore be eligible for catch-up vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph-Sydney Mboumba Bouassa
- Laboratoire de virologie, hôpital européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
- Ecole Doctorale Régionale en Infectiologie Tropicale, Franceville, Gabon
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Paris, France
- INSERM UMR_S970, Immunothérapie et traitement anti-angiogénique en cancérologie, Paris Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (PARCC), hôpital européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Péré
- Laboratoire de virologie, hôpital européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Paris, France
- INSERM UMR_S970, Immunothérapie et traitement anti-angiogénique en cancérologie, Paris Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (PARCC), hôpital européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Camélia Gubavu
- Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Centre hospitalier régional d’Orléans and Centre Gratuit d’Information, de Dépistage et de Diagnostic (CEGIDD) d’Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - Thierry Prazuck
- Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Centre hospitalier régional d’Orléans and Centre Gratuit d’Information, de Dépistage et de Diagnostic (CEGIDD) d’Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - Mohammad-Ali Jenabian
- Département des Sciences Biologiques et Centre de Recherche BioMed, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - David Veyer
- Laboratoire de virologie, hôpital européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Meye
- Service de Gynécologie Obstétrique, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire d’Agondjé et Faculté de Médecine de Libreville, Université des Sciences de la Santé, Libreville, Gabon
| | - Antoine Touzé
- UMRINRA ISP 1282, Equipe Biologie des infections à polyomavirus, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Laurent Bélec
- Laboratoire de virologie, hôpital européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
- Ecole Doctorale Régionale en Infectiologie Tropicale, Franceville, Gabon
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Paris, France
- INSERM UMR_S970, Immunothérapie et traitement anti-angiogénique en cancérologie, Paris Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (PARCC), hôpital européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
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Mchome BL, Kjaer SK, Manongi R, Swai P, Waldstroem M, Iftner T, Wu C, Mwaiselage J, Rasch V. HPV types, cervical high-grade lesions and risk factors for oncogenic human papillomavirus infection among 3416 Tanzanian women. Sex Transm Infect 2020; 97:56-62. [PMID: 32269071 DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2019-054263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the present study was to assess the prevalence and type-specific distribution of cervical high-risk (HR) human papillomavirus (HPV) among women with normal and abnormal cytology, and to describe risk factors for HR HPV among HIV-positive and HIV-negative women in Tanzania. METHODOLOGY A cross-sectional study was conducted in existing cervical cancer screening clinics in Kilimanjaro and Dar es Salaam. Cervical specimens were obtained from women aged 25-60 years. Samples were shipped to Denmark for cytological examination, and to Germany for HR HPV testing (using Hybrid Capture 2) and genotyping (using LiPaExtra). Risk factors associated with HPV were assessed by multivariable logistic regression analysis. RESULT Altogether, 4080 women were recruited with 3416 women contributing data for the present paper, including 609 HIV-positive women and 2807 HIV-negative women. The overall HR HPV prevalence was 18.9%, whereas the HR HPV prevalence in women with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) was 92.7%. Among HPV-positive women with HSIL, HPV16 (32.5%) and HPV58 (19.3%) were the the most common types followed by HPV18 (16.7%) and HPV52 (16.7%). Factors associated with HR HPV included younger age, increasing number of partners and early age at first intercourse. Similar risk factors were found among HIV-positive and HIV-negative women. In addition, among HIV-positive women, those with CD4 counts <200 cells/mm3 had an increased risk of HR HPV (OR 2.2; 95% CI 1.2 to 4.8) compared with individuals with CD4 count ≥500 cells/mm3. CONCLUSION Given the HPV distribution among Tanzanian women, the current HPV vaccination in Tanzania using quadrivalent vaccine may be considered replaced by the nonavalent vaccine in the future. In addition, appropriate antiretroviral treatment management including monitoring of viremia may decrease the burden of HR HPV in HIV-positive women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bariki Lawrence Mchome
- Obstetric and Gynaecology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
| | - Susanne Krüger Kjaer
- Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Juliane Marie Center, Gynecologic Clinic, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rachel Manongi
- Community Health Department, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical College, Moshi, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
| | - Patricia Swai
- Obstetric and Gynaecology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
| | | | - Thomas Iftner
- Medical Virology, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Chunsen Wu
- Department of Obstetric and Gynaecology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Julius Mwaiselage
- Division of Cancer Prevention, Ocean Road Cancer Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Vibeke Rasch
- Department of Obstetric and Gynaecology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Xu MY, Cao B, Chen Y, Du J, Yin J, Liu L, Lu QB. Prevalence and type distribution of human papillomavirus in a Chinese urban population between 2014 and 2018: a retrospective study. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8709. [PMID: 32231872 PMCID: PMC7098390 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human papilloma virus (HPV) infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections among women worldwide. The current study’s main objective is to report the prevalence and distribution of HPV types in an urban population in Beijing, China. Methods All the eligible female participants aged ≥18 years were recruited from the Aerospace Center Hospital in Beijing, China between 2014 and 2018. A total of 21 HPV types were detected by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) reverse dot blot method and fluorescence quantitative PCR method. Results In total, 12 high risk HPV types and nine low risk HPV types were detected. The HPV-positive rates were 8.85% in 2014, 7.16% in 2015, 7.60% in 2016, 8.31% in 2017, and 7.72% in 2018, respectively, in an urban population in Beijing, China. Overall, no significant differences in the HPV-positive rates were found over the five years. The peak prevalence of HPV infection in all types was observed in age group of 20–24 in all types. HPV52 was the dominant HPV type across the five years . Among all 21 HPV types, HPV66, HPV26, and HPV59 were ranked the top three in coinfection occurrence. Conclusions Our findings are very helpful for HPV screening and vaccination. The associations between gynaecological diseases and the HPV types with high prevalence, particularly HPV52, warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Yan Xu
- Department of Nutrition, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Faculty of Psychology, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Yin
- Department of Nutrition, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Liu
- Department of Health Management, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qing-Bin Lu
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing, China
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Taku O, Businge CB, Mdaka ML, Phohlo K, Basera W, Garcia-Jardon M, Meiring TL, Gyllensten U, Williamson AL, Mbulawa ZZA. Human papillomavirus prevalence and risk factors among HIV-negative and HIV-positive women residing in rural Eastern Cape, South Africa. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 95:176-182. [PMID: 32114194 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.02.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the prevalence of high-risk (HR) human papillomavirus (HPV) and factors associated with HR-HPV infection among women from rural Eastern Cape, South Africa. METHODS HPV prevalence was determined by Hybrid Capture 2 assay in cervical specimens from 417 women aged ≥30 years (median 46 years) recruited from the community health clinic in the Eastern Cape. RESULTS HR-HPV prevalence was 28.5% (119/417), and HIV-positive women had significantly higher HR-HPV prevalence than HIV-negative women (40.6%, 63/155 vs 21.4%, 56/262, respectively; p = 0.001). HIV-positive status (odds ratio (OR) 2.52, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.63-3.90), having ≥3 lifetime sexual partners (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.16-3.89), having ≥1 sexual partner in the last month (OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.21-2.92), ≥4 times frequency of vaginal sex in the past 1 month (OR 2.40, 95% CI 1.32-4.35), and having a vaginal discharge currently/in the previous week (OR 2.13, 95% CI 1.18-3.85) increased the risk of HR-HPV infection. In the multivariate analysis, HIV positivity remained strongly associated with HR-HPV infection (OR 1.94, 95% CI 1.17-3.22). CONCLUSIONS Risk factors related to sexual behaviors play a significant role in HR-HPV infection in this population. This report will inform health policymakers on HPV prevalence and contribute to discussions on the use of HPV testing as the primary cervical cancer screening test in South Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ongeziwe Taku
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Charles B Businge
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nelson Mandela Academic Hospital, Mthatha, South Africa; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, South Africa
| | - Mana L Mdaka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nelson Mandela Academic Hospital, Mthatha, South Africa; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, South Africa
| | - Keletso Phohlo
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Wisdom Basera
- School of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mirta Garcia-Jardon
- Department of Pathology at Walter Sisulu University and National Health Laboratory Service, Mthatha, South Africa
| | - Tracy L Meiring
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ulf Gyllensten
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Biomedical Centre, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna-Lise Williamson
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; SAMRC Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Zizipho Z A Mbulawa
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; SAMRC Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Centre for HIV and STIs, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, NHLS, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, South Africa; National Health Laboratory Service, Nelson Mandela Academic Hospital, Mthatha, South Africa
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Klein C, Kahesa C, Mwaiselage J, West JT, Wood C, Angeletti PC. How the Cervical Microbiota Contributes to Cervical Cancer Risk in Sub-Saharan Africa. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:23. [PMID: 32117800 PMCID: PMC7028704 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite ongoing efforts, sub-Saharan Africa faces a higher cervical cancer burden than anywhere else in the world. Besides HPV infection, definitive factors of cervical cancer are still unclear. Particular states of the cervicovaginal microbiota and viral infections are associated with increased cervical cancer risk. Notably, HIV infection, which is prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa, greatly increases risk of cervicovaginal dysbiosis and cervical cancer. To better understand and address cervical cancer in sub-Saharan Africa, a better knowledge of the regional cervicovaginal microbiome is required This review establishes current knowledge of HPV, HIV, cervicovaginal infections, and the cervicovaginal microbiota in sub-Saharan Africa. Because population statistics are not available for the region, estimates are derived from smaller cohort studies. Microbiota associated with cervical inflammation have been found to be especially prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa, and to associate with increased cervical cancer risk. In addition to high prevalence and diversity of HIV and HPV, intracellular bacterial infections such as Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, and Mycoplasma hominis are much more common than in regions with a low burden of cervical cancer. This suggests the prevalence of cervical cancer in sub-Saharan Africa may be partially attributed to increased cervical inflammation resulting from higher likelihood of cervical infection and/or microbial dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Klein
- Nebraska Center for Virology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | | | | | - John T West
- Nebraska Center for Virology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Charles Wood
- Nebraska Center for Virology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Peter C Angeletti
- Nebraska Center for Virology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
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Ding Z, Zhu H, Mo L, Li X, Xu R, Li T, Zhao L, Ren Y, Xu Y, Ou R. FLT3L and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor enhance the anti-tumor and immune effects of an HPV16 E6/E7 vaccine. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:11893-11904. [PMID: 31881013 PMCID: PMC6949056 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
HPV16 infections promote the development and progression of cervical cancer. We investigated Fms-like Tyrosine Kinase 3 Ligand and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor as new adjuvants to an HPV16 vaccine. C57BL/6 mice were immunized by intramuscular injections of HPV16 E6/E7 plasmids every two weeks, three times in all. An in vivo imaging system was used to observe tumor growth and metastasis. Pathological changes to the heart, liver, spleen, lungs, brain and kidneys were recorded, and the survival rate of the mice was determined. The constructed HPV16 E6/E7 vaccine had no notable side effects in terms of physiological or biochemical indexes. Fms-like Tyrosine Kinase 3 Ligand and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor increased the inhibitory effects of the HPV16 E6/E7 vaccine on tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. The HPV16 E6/E7 vaccine enhanced the survival of mice and increased their serum-specific antibody and interferon-γ levels. Fms-like Tyrosine Kinase 3 Ligand and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor augmented these effects. In a cytotoxic lymphocyte killing test, Fms-like Tyrosine Kinase 3 Ligand and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor improved the ability of splenic lymphocytes from HPV16 E6/E7-vaccinated mice to kill B16 cells. As Fms-like Tyrosine Kinase 3 Ligand and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor enhanced the anti-tumor and immune effects of the HPV16 vaccine, these adjuvants should be considered for the treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Ding
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Yuyao People’s Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Yuyao, Zhejiang 315400, China
- Department of Dermatovenereology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Laiming Mo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Xiangyun Li
- Department of Dermatovenereology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Dermatovenereology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Laboratory for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Institutes of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Yi Ren
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA
| | - Yunsheng Xu
- Department of Dermatovenereology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Rongying Ou
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
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Tran L, Nhu Y M, Le Ba Nghia T, Hendam A, Vuong NL, Alzalal E, Sayed AM, Hussain MM, Sharma A, Tieu T, Mathenge PG, Hirayama K, Alexander N, Huy NT. Frequent inappropriate use of unweighted summary statistics in systematic reviews of pathogen genotypes or genogroups. J Clin Epidemiol 2019; 119:26-35. [PMID: 31740320 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2019.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our study aimed to systematically assess and report the methodological quality used in epidemiological systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analysis (MA) of pathogen genotypes/genogroups. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING Nine electronic databases and manual search of reference lists were used to identify relevant studies. The method types were divided into three groups: 1) with weighted pooling analysis (which we call MA), (2) unweighted analysis of the study-level measures (which we call summary statistics), and (3) without any data pooling (which we call SR only). Characteristics were evaluated using Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR), Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA), and Risk Of Bias In Systematic reviews (ROBIS) tools. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO with CRD42017078146. RESULTS Among 36 included articles, 5 (14%) studies conducted SR only, 16 (44%) performed MA, and 15 (42%) used summary statistics. The univariable and multivariable linear regression of AMSTAR and PRISMA scores showed that MA had higher quality compared with those with summary statistics. The SR only and summary statistics groups had approximately equal scores among three scales of AMSTAR, PRISMA, and ROBIS. The methodological quality of epidemiological studies has improved from 1999 to 2017. CONCLUSION Despite the frequent use of unweighted summary statistics, MA remains the most suitable method for reaching rational conclusions in epidemiological studies of pathogen genotypes/genogroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linh Tran
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Danang 550000, Vietnam
| | - Mai Nhu Y
- Online Research Club (http://www.onlineresearchclub.org/), Nagasaki, Japan; Faculty of Medicine, Vo Truong Toan University, Hau Giang, Vietnam
| | - Thai Le Ba Nghia
- Online Research Club (http://www.onlineresearchclub.org/), Nagasaki, Japan; Faculty of Medicine, Vo Truong Toan University, Hau Giang, Vietnam
| | - Abdulrahman Hendam
- Online Research Club (http://www.onlineresearchclub.org/), Nagasaki, Japan; Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Nguyen Lam Vuong
- Online Research Club (http://www.onlineresearchclub.org/), Nagasaki, Japan; Department of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ebrahim Alzalal
- Online Research Club (http://www.onlineresearchclub.org/), Nagasaki, Japan; Faculty of Medicine, Menofia University, Shebin Elkom, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Online Research Club (http://www.onlineresearchclub.org/), Nagasaki, Japan; Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mustafa Mushtaq Hussain
- Online Research Club (http://www.onlineresearchclub.org/), Nagasaki, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Akash Sharma
- Online Research Club (http://www.onlineresearchclub.org/), Nagasaki, Japan; University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India
| | - Thuan Tieu
- Online Research Club (http://www.onlineresearchclub.org/), Nagasaki, Japan; Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Peterson Gitonga Mathenge
- Online Research Club (http://www.onlineresearchclub.org/), Nagasaki, Japan; Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kenji Hirayama
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Neal Alexander
- MRC Tropical Epidemiology Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
| | - Nguyen Tien Huy
- Evidence Based Medicine Research Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam; Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam; Department of Clinical Product Development, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
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Mortaki D, Gkegkes ID, Psomiadou V, Blontzos N, Prodromidou A, Lefkopoulos F, Nicolaidou E. Vaginal microbiota and human papillomavirus: a systematic review. J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc 2019; 21:193-200. [PMID: 31564082 PMCID: PMC7495129 DOI: 10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2019.2019.0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates the potential correlation between the vaginal microbioma and the acquisition and persistence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. This study aims to demonstrate the potential relationship through a systematic review of the current literature. A search was conducted on the following medical databases: PubMed and Scopus. Nineteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were incorporated in the present review. A total of 12.204 patients and their demographic characteristics were studied. Commercially available DNA tests and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used for the detection of different HPV subtypes, while the identification of the microbiomes was performed through specific diagnostic methods and PCR assay. The most frequently encountered species were classified based on their protective or detrimental impact on the progression of HPV infection. The beneficial role of some types of Lactobacillus (Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactobacillus jensenii, Lactobacillus crispatus) is generally supported. On the other hand, high microbial diversity and specific microorganisms such as Sneathia, Anaerococcus tetradius, Peptostreptococcus, Fusobacterium and Gardnerella vaginalis were found to be implicated with higher frequency and severity of disease, potentially resulting in pre-cancerous and cancerous cervical lesions.The role of vaginal microbiota appears to play an as yet not fully understood role in the susceptibility to HPV infection and its natural history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despoina Mortaki
- First Department of Dermatology and Venereology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine “A. Syggros” Hospital for Skin and Venereal Diseases, Athens, Greece,Hellenic Society for Lower Genital Tract Disorders, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis D. Gkegkes
- Department of Surgery, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK,Hellenic Society for Lower Genital Tract Disorders, Athens, Greece
| | - Victoria Psomiadou
- Clinic of Gynaecological Oncology, Metaxa Cancer Hospital, Piraeus, Greece,Hellenic Society for Lower Genital Tract Disorders, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikos Blontzos
- Clinic of Gynaecological Oncology, Metaxa Cancer Hospital, Piraeus, Greece,Hellenic Society for Lower Genital Tract Disorders, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Prodromidou
- Clinic of Gynaecological Oncology, Metaxa Cancer Hospital, Piraeus, Greece,Hellenic Society for Lower Genital Tract Disorders, Athens, Greece
| | - Fotis Lefkopoulos
- Clinic of Gynaecological Oncology, Metaxa Cancer Hospital, Piraeus, Greece,Hellenic Society for Lower Genital Tract Disorders, Athens, Greece
| | - Electra Nicolaidou
- First Department of Dermatology and Venereology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine “A. Syggros” Hospital for Skin and Venereal Diseases, Athens, Greece,Hellenic Society for Lower Genital Tract Disorders, Athens, Greece
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50
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Mboumba Bouassa RS, Nodjikouambaye ZA, Sadjoli D, Adawaye C, Péré H, Veyer D, Matta M, Robin L, Tonen-Wolyec S, Moussa AM, Koyalta D, Belec L. High prevalence of cervical high-risk human papillomavirus infection mostly covered by Gardasil-9 prophylactic vaccine in adult women living in N'Djamena, Chad. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217486. [PMID: 31158254 PMCID: PMC6546217 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We conducted in 2018 a descriptive, quantitative, population-based, cross-sectional survey estimating the prevalence of cervical high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection and associated risk factors among adult women living in N’Djamena, Chad. Methods Five of the 10 districts of N’Djamena were randomly selected for inclusion. Peer educators contacted adult women in community-churches or women association networks to participate in the survey and come to the clinic for women’s sexual health “La Renaissance Plus”, N’Djamena. Medical, socio-demographical and behavioral informations were collected. HPV DNA was detected and genotyped in endocervical swab using Anyplex II HPV28 genotyping test (Seegene, Seoul, South Korea). Results 253 women (mean age, 35.0 years; range, 25–65) including 3.5% of HIV-positive women were prospectively enrolled. The prevalence of HPV infection was 22.9%, including 68.9% of HR-HPV infection and 27.6% being infected with multiple genotypes, providing a total HR-HPV prevalence of 15.8% (95% CI%: 11.3–20.3). The most prevalent HR-HPV genotypes were HPV-58, HPV-35, HPV-56, HPV-31, HPV-16, HPV-45, HPV-52 and HPV-18. HPV types targeted by the prophylactic Gardasil-9 vaccine were detected in nearly 70% (67.5%) and HPV-58 was the most frequently detected. HIV infection was a risk factor strongly associated with cervical infection with any HPV [adjusted Odds ratio (aOR): 17.4], multiple types of HPV (aOR: 8.9), HR-HPV (aOR: 13.2) and cervical infection with multiple HR-HPV (aOR: 8.4). Conclusion These observations highlight the unsuspected high burden of cervical HR-HPV infection in Chadian women, and point the potential risk of further development of HPV-associated cervical precancerous and neoplastic lesions in a large proportion of women in Chad. The high rate of preventable Gardasil-9 vaccine genotypes constitutes the rationale for introducing primary vaccine prevention against cervical cancer in young female adolescents living in Chad.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph-Sydney Mboumba Bouassa
- Ecole Doctorale Régionale d’Infectiologie Tropicale de Franceville, Franceville, Gabon
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Université Paris Descartes (Paris V), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Zita Aleyo Nodjikouambaye
- Ecole Doctorale Régionale d’Infectiologie Tropicale de Franceville, Franceville, Gabon
- Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital de la Mère et de l’Enfant, N’Djamena, Chad
- Cabinet Médical de Gynécologie Obstétrique “La Renaissance Plus,” N’Djamena, Chad
- * E-mail:
| | - Damtheou Sadjoli
- Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital de la Mère et de l’Enfant, N’Djamena, Chad
- Cabinet Médical de Gynécologie Obstétrique “La Renaissance Plus,” N’Djamena, Chad
- Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Humaine, Université de N’Djamena, N’Djamena, Chad
| | - Chatté Adawaye
- Institut National Supérieur des Sciences et Techniques d’Abéché, Abéché, Chad
| | - Hélène Péré
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Université Paris Descartes (Paris V), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - David Veyer
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Université Paris Descartes (Paris V), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Matta
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Université Paris Descartes (Paris V), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Leman Robin
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Université Paris Descartes (Paris V), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Serge Tonen-Wolyec
- Ecole Doctorale Régionale d’Infectiologie Tropicale de Franceville, Franceville, Gabon
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bunia, Bunia, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université de Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Ali Mahamat Moussa
- Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Humaine, Université de N’Djamena, N’Djamena, Chad
- Service de Gastro-entérologie, Hôpital Général de Référence Nationale, N’Djamena, Chad
| | | | - Laurent Belec
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Université Paris Descartes (Paris V), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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