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Abd Elkader HTAE, Al-Shami AS. Chronic exposure to bisphenol A induces behavioural, neurochemical, histological, and ultrastructural alterations in the ganglia tissue of the date mussels Lithophaga lithophaga. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:109041-109062. [PMID: 37768489 PMCID: PMC10622395 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29853-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), a common plastic additive, has been demonstrated mechanistically to be a potential endocrine disruptor and to affect a variety of body functions in organisms. Although previous research has shown that BPA is toxic to aquatic organisms, the mechanism of neurotoxic effects in marine bivalves remains unknown. The current study aimed to elucidate the neurotoxic effects of BPA when administered at different concentrations (0.25, 1, 2, and 5 µg/L) for twenty-eight days in the ganglia of a bivalve model, the Mediterranean mussel (Lithophaga lithophaga), which is an ecologically and economically important human food source of bivalve species in the Mediterranean Sea. Our findings revealed an increase in behavioural disturbances and malondialdehyde levels in treated mussel ganglia compared to the control group. Furthermore, superoxide dismutase activity increased in the ganglia of L. lithophaga treated with 0.25 and 2 µg/L. However, at BPA concentrations of 1 and 5 µg/L, SOD activity was significantly reduced, as was total glutathione concentration. BPA causes neurotoxicity, as evidenced by concentration-dependent inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, dopamine, and serotonin. After chronic exposure to BPA, neurons showed distortion of the neuronal cell body and varying degrees of pyknosis. The ultrastructure changes in BPA-treated groups revealed the lightening of the nucleoplasm and a shrunken nuclear envelope. Overall, our findings suggest that BPA exposure altered antioxidation, neurochemical biomarkers, histopathological, and ultrastructural properties, resulting in behavioural changes. As a result, our findings provide a basis for further study into the toxicity of BPA in marine bivalves.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmed S Al-Shami
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Biotechnology Department, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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2
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Zhang SQ, Li P, He SW, Xing SY, Cao ZH, Zhao XL, Sun C, Li ZH. Combined effect of microplastic and triphenyltin: Insights from the gut-brain axis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ECOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 16:100266. [PMID: 37096249 PMCID: PMC10121632 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2023.100266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs), an emerging group of pollutants, not only have direct toxic effects on aquatic organisms but also cause combined toxicity by absorbing other pollutants. Triphenyltin (TPT), one of the most widely used organotin compounds, has adverse effects on aquatic organisms. However, little is known about the combined toxicity of MPs and TPT to aquatic organisms. To investigate the individual and combined toxicity of MPs and TPT, we selected the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) for a 42-day exposure experiment. Based on the environmental concentrations in a heavily polluted area, the experimental concentrations of MPs and TPT were set at 0.5 mg L-1 and 1 μg L-1, respectively. The effects of MPs combined with TPT on the carp gut-brain axis were evaluated by detecting gut physiology and biochemical parameters, gut microbial 16S rRNA, and brain transcriptome sequencing. Our results suggest that a single TPT caused lipid metabolism disorder and a single MP induced immunosuppression in carp. When MPs were combined with TPT, the involvement of TPT amplified the immunotoxic effect induced by MPs. In this study, we also explored the gut-brain axis relationship of carp immunosuppression, providing new insights for assessing the combined toxicity of MPs and TPT. At the same time, our study provides a theoretical basis for evaluating the coexistence risk of MPs and TPT in the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Qi Zhang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 510301, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Shu-Wen He
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Shao-Ying Xing
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Zhi-Han Cao
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Xue-Li Zhao
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Cuici Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 510301, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
- Corresponding author. Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, China.
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3
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Dash MK, Rahman MS. Molecular and biochemical responses to tributyltin (TBT) exposure in the American oyster: Triggers of stress-induced oxidative DNA damage and prooxidant-antioxidant imbalance in tissues by TBT. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 264:109523. [PMID: 36427667 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Environmental pollution increases due to anthropogenic activities. Toxic chemicals in the environment affect the health of aquatic organisms. Tributyltin (TBT) is a toxic chemical widely used as an antifouling paint on boats, hulls, and ships. The toxic effect of TBT is well documented in aquatic organisms; however, little is known about the effects of TBT on DNA lesions in shellfish. The American oyster (Crassostrea virginica, an edible and commercially important species) is an ideal marine mollusk to examine the effects of TBT exposure on DNA lesions and oxidative/nitrative stress. In this study, we investigated the effects of TBT on 8'-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG, a biomarker of pro-mutagenic DNA lesion), double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), dinitrophenyl protein (DNP, a biomarker on reactive oxygen species, ROS), 3-nitrotyrosine protein (NTP, a biomarker of reactive nitrogen species, RNS), catalase (CAT, an antioxidant), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE, a cholinergic enzyme) expressions in the gills and digestive glands of oysters. We also analyzed extrapallial (EF) fluid conditions. Immunohistochemical and qRT-PCR results showed that TBT exposure significantly increased 8-OHdG, dsDNA, DNP, NTP, and CAT mRNA and/or protein expressions in the gills and digestive glands. However, AChE mRNA and protein expressions, and EP fluid pH and protein concentrations were decreased in TBT-exposed oysters. Taken together, these results suggest that antifouling biocide-induced production of ROS/RNS results in DNA damage, which may lead to decreased cellular functions in oysters. To the best of our knowledge, the present study provides the first molecular/biochemical evidence that TBT exposure results in oxidative/nitrative stress and DNA lesions in oysters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Kumar Dash
- School of Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Md Saydur Rahman
- School of Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA; Department of Biology, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA.
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4
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He S, Li P, Liu L, Li ZH. NMR technique revealed the metabolic interference mechanism of the combined exposure to cadmium and tributyltin in grass carp larvae. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:17828-17838. [PMID: 36201083 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23368-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Widespread human activity has resulted in the presence of different pollutants in the aquatic environment that does not exist in isolation. The study of the effects of contamination of aquatic organisms is of great significance. To assess the individual and combined toxicity of cadmium (Cd) and tributyltin (TBT) to aquatic organisms, juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) were exposed to Cd (2.97 mg/L), TBT (7.5 μg/L), and their mixture MIX. The biological response was evaluated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis of plasma metabolites. Plasma samples at 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, and 48 days post-exposure were analyzed using detection by NMR technique. The typical correlation analysis (CCA) analysis revealed that TBT had the greatest effect on plasma metabolism, followed by MIX and Cd. The interference pathway to grass carp was similar to that of TBT and MIX. Both Cd and TBT exposure alone or in combination can lead to metabolic abnormalities in TCA cycle-related pathways and interfere with energy metabolism. These results provide more detailed information for the metabolic study of pollutants and data for assessing the health risks of Cd, TBT, and MIX at the metabolic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen He
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, China
| | - Ping Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, China.
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5
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Cao Z, Li P, Ru J, Cao X, Wang X, Liu B, Li ZH. Physiological responses of marine Chlorella sp. exposed to environmental levels of triphenyltin. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:26387-26396. [PMID: 36367644 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23992-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Triphenyltin (TPT) is a herbicide and antifouling agent that has been widely used. After TPT flows into water bodies, it will cause toxic effects on marine life. We evaluated the effect of environmental concentration level (0, 10, 100, and 200 ng/L) on the cell density, antioxidant capability, and photosynthesis-related genes in the marine Chlorella sp. The results showed that 10 and 100 ng/L TPT can promote the growth of marine Chlorella sp., 200 ng/L TPT can inhibit the growth of marine Chlorella sp., and the TPT toxicity was accumulative. The chlorophyll composition changed. The content of chlorophyll a in 100 ng/L and 200 ng/L groups was significantly higher than that in the control group (p < 0.05) in 13 days. The content of chlorophyll b in the 100 ng/L and 200 ng/L groups in 1 day and 13 days was significantly different from that in the control group (p < 0.05). The content of total chlorophyll in the 100 ng/L and 200 ng/L groups in 13 days was higher than that in the control group (p < 0.05). The 200 ng/L group began to suffer oxidative damage on the 12th day, and the pigment protein complex responded to oxidative damage through self-feedback regulation. On the 18th day, chld, cao, psy, rbcS, and rbcL genes were downregulated, and psbA gene was upregulated in the 10 ng/L and 100 ng/L groups, which may be a feedback regulation of self-oxidative damage. This paper analyzed toxicity of environmental levels of TPT to marine Chlorella sp., which provided new data support for the comprehensive evaluation of its marine ecological toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihan Cao
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, China
| | - Ping Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, China
| | - Jinchuang Ru
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, China
| | - Xuqian Cao
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, China.
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6
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Hamed M, Martyniuk CJ, Naguib M, Lee JS, Sayed AEDH. Neurotoxic effects of different sizes of plastics (nano, micro, and macro) on juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:1028364. [PMID: 36340695 PMCID: PMC9630652 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1028364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Using common carp as a model, we assessed the effects of polyethylene (PE) plastics on the brain. We measured activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), monoamine oxidase (MAO), and the content of nitric oxide (NO) in carp brain following exposure to 100 mg/L of either macroplastics (MaP), microplastics (MPs), or nanoplastic (NPs) for 15 days compared to an unexposed group. Following exposure, each biochemical biomarker was reduced 30–40%, with a higher magnitude of change corresponding to the smaller size of the particles (NPs > MPs > MaPs). In the carp tectum, exposure for 15 days to plastic particles caused varying degrees of necrosis, fibrosis, changes in blood capillaries, tissue detachment, edema, degenerated connective tissues, and necrosis in large cerebellar neurons and ganglion cells. In the carp retina, there was evidence for necrosis, degeneration, vacuolation, and curvature in the inner layer. Here we provide evidence that exposure to plastic particles can be associated with neurotoxicity in common carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hamed
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Assiut Branch), Asyut, Egypt
| | - Christopher J. Martyniuk
- Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, Department of Physiological Sciences, Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Mervat Naguib
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Asyut, Egypt
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Alaa El-Din H. Sayed
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Asyut, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Alaa El-Din H. Sayed, ; orcid.org/0000-0001-7487-4729
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7
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Ucar A, Ozgeris FB, Parlak V, Yeltekin AC, Turkez H, Alak G, Atamanalp M. Ulexite modulates the neurotoxicological outcomes of acetylferrocene-exposed rainbow trout. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2022; 63:286-295. [PMID: 36053843 DOI: 10.1002/em.22498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the neuroprotective action potential by ulexite (UX) (18.75 mg/L) against acetylferrocene (AFC) (3.82 mg/L) induced neurotoxicity was aimed to investigate in brain tissues of Oncorhynchus mykiss. For this purpose, the effects on neurotoxicity markers, proinflammatory cytokines, antioxidant immune system, DNA, and apoptosis mechanisms were assessed on brain tissues in the 48-96 h of the 96- trial period. In this research, it was determined that brain-derived nerve cell growth factor (BDNF) level and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were inhibited in the brain tissue compared to the control group by AFC. In addition, inhibition in glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH) values (which are antioxidant system biomarkers), and inductions in malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) amounts (which are indicators of lipid peroxidation) were determined (p < 0.05) after exposure to AFC. And, while tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and IL-6 levels were increased in the AFC-exposed group, Nrf-2 levels were found to be remarkably decreased. Upregulation was also detected in 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and caspase-3 levels, which are related to DNA damage and apoptosis mechanism. On the contrary, UX (single/with AFC) suppressed the AChE and BDNF inhibition by AFC. Moreover, UX mitigated AFC-induced oxidative, inflammatory, and DNA damage and attenuated AFC-mediated neurotoxicity via activating Nrf2 signaling in fish. Collectively, our findings revealed that UX supplementation might exert beneficial effects and may be considered as a natural and promising neuroprotective agent against AFC-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arzu Ucar
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fatma Betul Ozgeris
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Veysel Parlak
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | | | - Hasan Turkez
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Gonca Alak
- Department of Sea Food Processing, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Atamanalp
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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8
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Biocide vs. Eco-Friendly Antifoulants: Role of the Antioxidative Defence and Settlement in Mytilus galloprovincialis. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse10060792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Antifoulant paints were developed to prevent and reduce biofouling on surfaces immersed in seawater. The widespread use of these substances over the years has led to a significant increase of their presence in the marine environment. These compounds were identified as environmental and human threats. As a result of an international ban, research in the last decade has focused on developing a new generation of benign antifoulant paints. This review outlines the detrimental effects associated with biocide versus eco-friendly antifoulants, highlighting what are effective antifoulants and why there is a need to monitor them. We examine the effects of biocide and eco-friendly antifoulants on the antioxidative defence mechanism and settlement in a higher sessile organism, specifically the Mediterranean mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis. These antifoulants can indirectly assess the potential of these two parameters in order to outline implementation of sustainable antifoulants.
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9
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Xing SY, Li ZH, Li P, You H. A Mini-review of the Toxicity of Pollutants to Fish Under Different Salinities. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2022; 108:1001-1005. [PMID: 35486156 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-022-03528-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, with the development of the global economy, water pollution has increased. Pollutants migrate, accumulate, and diffuse in aquatic environments. Most of the pollutants eventually enter aquatic organisms. The accumulation of pollutants affects the development and reproduction of organisms, and many pollutants have teratogenic, carcinogenic, and/or mutagenic effects. Aquatic organisms in estuaries and coastal areas are under pressure due to both salinity and pollutants. Among them, salinity, as an environmental factor, may affect the behavior of pollutants in the aquatic environment, causing changes in their toxic effects on fishes. Salinity also directly affects the growth and development of fishes. Therefore, this paper focuses on metals and organic pollutants and discusses the toxic effects of pollutants on fish under different salinities. This research is of great significance to environmental protection and ecological risk assessment of aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Ying Xing
- Marine College, Shandong University, 264209, Weihai, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Hua Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, 264209, Weihai, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Ping Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, 264209, Weihai, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Hong You
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150090, Harbin, P. R. China.
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10
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Chronic Toxic Effects of Waterborne Mercury on Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) Larvae. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14111774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is a kind of heavy metal pollutant widely existing in the aquatic environment, and it is also recognized to have a highly toxic effect on fish. In this study, silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) larvae were exposed to 0 (control), 1, 5, and 10 μg/L Hg2+ for 2 weeks. Antioxidant ability, neurotoxicity, and thyroid hormones (THs) content were evaluated. In comparison with the control, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and the glutathione (GSH) activity were lower in silver carp exposed to 10 μg/L Hg2+. The lowest catalase (CAT) activity was found in the 10 μg/L Hg2+, while malondialdehyde (MDA) content was not significantly different among all groups. Compared with the control, monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity and nitric oxide (NO) content were significantly higher in the 10 μg/L Hg2+, while acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity significantly decreased. Compared with the control, triiodothyronine (T3) content was significantly higher in the 1 μg/L Hg2+ and significantly lower in the 10 μg/L Hg2+; the 1 μg/L and 5 μg/L Hg2+ groups had significantly higher thyroxine (T4) content than the other groups. In the 1 μg/L Hg2+, the integrated biomarker response (IBR) index value was the highest. In summary, exposure to Hg could decrease the antioxidant ability, cause changes in neurotoxic parameters, and induce disorders of the thyroid hormone system in silver carp larvae. The results of this study may contribute to the understanding of the adverse effects of chronic mercury poisoning on fish.
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11
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Sakr S, A Rashad W, Abaza MT. The ameliorative effect of Moringa oleifera oil on tributyltin-induced brain toxicity in albino rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:2025-2039. [PMID: 34227745 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT) is an organotin compound widely used as a biocide in antifouling paints. Moringa oleifera oil (MOO) has a promising antioxidant potential, which necessitates further exploration. This study was conducted to investigate the potential protective effect of MOO against TBT-induced brain toxicity. The 30 rats were grouped into five groups (six each), Group I negative control, Group II positive control (vehicle), Group III MOO (5 ml/kg body weight [b.wt.]), Group IV TBT (10 mg/kg b.wt.), and Group V TBT & MOO. All treatments were given orally for 28 days. Thereafter, brains were exposed to oxidative stress and neurological parameters analyses. Histopathological and immunohistochemical (caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2) examinations were also carried out. In rats administered TBT, increased malondialdehyde level, decreased reduced glutathione, and low total antioxidant capacity levels were in support of oxidative stress mechanism. Neurotoxicity was indicated by high nitric oxide level and increased acetylcholinestrase activity. Along with the histopathological alterations, the dysregulated expression of caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2 were indicative of the apoptotic mechanism mediated by TBT. Co-administration of MOO with TBT ameliorated the aforementioned toxic effects. In conclusion, TBT causes brain toxicity via oxidative, nitrosative, and apoptotic mechanisms. MOO demonstrates protective effect against TBT-induced brain toxicity mostly via potent antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Sakr
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Walaa A Rashad
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Marwa T Abaza
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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12
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Fross S, Mansel C, McCormick M, Vohra BPS. Tributyltin Alters Calcium Levels, Mitochondrial Dynamics, and Activates Calpains Within Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons. Toxicol Sci 2021; 180:342-355. [PMID: 33481012 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT) remains a global health concern. The primary route of human exposure to TBT is either through ingestion or skin absorption, but TBT's effects on the peripheral nervous system have still not been investigated. Therefore, we exposed in vitro sensory dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons to TBT at a concentration of 50-200 nM, which is similar to the observed concentrations of TBT in human blood samples. We observed that TBT causes extensive axon degeneration and neuronal death in the DRG neurons. Furthermore, we discovered that TBT causes an increase in both cytosolic and mitochondrial calcium levels, disrupts mitochondrial dynamics, decreases neuronal ATP levels, and leads to the activation of calpains. Additional experiments demonstrated that inhibition of calpain activation prevented TBT-induced fragmentation of neuronal cytoskeletal proteins and neuronal cell death. Thus, we conclude that calpain activation is the key executioner of TBT-induced peripheral neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaneann Fross
- Department of Biology, William Jewell College, Liberty, Missouri 64068, USA
| | - Clayton Mansel
- Department of Biology, William Jewell College, Liberty, Missouri 64068, USA
| | - Madison McCormick
- Department of Biology, William Jewell College, Liberty, Missouri 64068, USA
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13
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4-Nonylphenol induced brain damage in juvenile African catfish (Clarias garepinus). TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13530-021-00080-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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14
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Li P, Li ZH. Neurotoxicity and physiological stress in brain of zebrafish chronically exposed to tributyltin. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2021; 84:20-30. [PMID: 33016251 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2020.1828209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT), an organotin compound, is hazardous in aquatic ecosystems. However, the mechanisms underlying TBT-induced central nervous system (CNS) toxicity remain to be determined especially in freshwater aquatic vertebrates. The aim of present study was to investigate the effects of chronic exposure to TBT on brain functions in a freshwater teleost the adult wild-type zebrafish (Danio rerio). Fish were exposed to sublethal concentrations of TBT (10, 100 or 300 ng/L) for 6 weeks. The influence of long-term TBT exposure was assessed in the brain of zebrafish with antioxidant related indices including malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and total antioxidant capacity, neurological parameters such as activities of acetylcholinesterase, and monoamine oxidase as well as levels of nitric oxide, dopamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine. In addition indices related to sensitivity of toxic insult such as cytochrome P450 1 regulation and heat shock protein 70 were determined. The regulation of related genes involved in endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), apoptosis and Nrf2 pathway were measured. Adverse physiological and biochemical responses were significantly enhanced in a concentration-dependent manner reflecting neurotoxicity attributed to TBT exposure. Our findings provide further insight into TBT-induced toxicity in wild-type zebrafish. and enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying TBT-initiated CNS effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Marine College, Shandong University , Weihai, Shandong, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Li
- Marine College, Shandong University , Weihai, Shandong, China
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences , Wuhan, China
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15
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Li ZH, Li P, Wu Y. Regulation of glutathione-dependent antioxidant defense system of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella under the combined stress of mercury and temperature. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:1689-1696. [PMID: 32845466 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10587-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the combined effects of temperatures fluencies and mercury (Hg) on glutathione-dependent antioxidant system in fish, by measuring the oxidative stress indicator (LPO, lipid peroxidation) and the parameters involved in the glutathione-related antioxidant defense system (GPx, glutathione peroxidase; GR, glutathione reductase; GST, glutathione S-transferase; GSH, reduced glutathione), as well as the expression of related genes in grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella. Fish (45.37 ± 3.58 g) were exposed to 10 test groups, e.g., 15 °C with/without Hg, 20 °C with/without Hg, 25 °C with/without Hg, 30 °C with/without Hg, 35 °C with/without Hg for 4 weeks. Three-way ANOVA was used to analyze the correlation between the measured parameters and experimental conditions (water temperature, Hg exposure, exposure time, and their interactions.). Our results show that there is no interaction between mercury and low temperature, but the combined effect at high temperature has been confirmed, which indicated the glutathione-dependent enzyme system in grass carp has a complex regulatory mechanism with temperature fluctuations. In the actual field monitoring, it is necessary to consider the impact of extreme temperature on the toxicity of pollutants in the aquatic ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hua Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, China.
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China.
| | - Ping Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, China.
| | - Yanhua Wu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
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Li P, Li ZH. Toxicity evaluation of triphenyltin in zebrafish larvae by embryonic malformation, retinal development, and GH/IGF axis. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2020; 46:2101-2107. [PMID: 32821994 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-020-00861-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The adverse influences of triphenyltin (TPT) on the aquatic system have been of great concern due to their widespread use and ubiquity in water environment, although it has been prohibited as antifouling coatings. In the present study, we investigated the developmental toxicity of TPT on zebrafish embryos by exposure to different concentrations (0, 1, 10, and 100 ng/l) from 2-h post-fertilization (hpf). Some parameters of developmental abnormalities (hatching, survival, body length, and malformation) were recorded, as well as the expression of several genes involved in the retinal development and growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor (GH/IGF) axis. Our results showed that TPT exposure induced developmental toxicity, including growth inhibition, malformation, and the dysregulation of gene expression levels related to the retinal development and GH/IGF axis. Thus, our data indicated that environmental exposure of TPT could induce developmental toxicity in zebrafish embryos, and those parameters could extend our understanding of the adverse effects of TPT on aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, China.
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China.
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17
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Abushaala NM. Effects of tributyltin chloride on cell structures of epithelial layer in different stages of Artemia salina (Linnaeus, 1758). Open Vet J 2019; 9:366-374. [PMID: 32042660 PMCID: PMC6971362 DOI: 10.4314/ovj.v9i4.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Tributylin chloride (TBTCl) has been demonstrated to be acutely toxic to aquatic organisms. Aim: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of TBTCl on epithelial cell of gut Artemia salina in different stages (Nauplii, Juveniles, and Adults). Methods: Samples of A. salina used were cultivated in incubators for hatching. Nauplii were harvested at 24 hours of age, while the juveniles and adults were harvested at 21 and 35 days of age, respectively. These three stages of A. salina were exposed to different concentrations of TBTCl (1 ng.L−1 to 500 ng.L−1) for 24 hours. For nauplii, juveniles, and adults, 100 individuals were exposed, and those that survived in the exposure test were harvested for histological analysis. Results: The histological examinations revealed significant differences (p < 0.05) in type of lesions associated with different TBTCl concentrations and at different stages. The predominant lesions associated with different stages and different concentrations of TBTCl were epithelial cell necroasis, degeneration, cell loss, disruption, piknosis, and submucosal necrosis. Cell scoring was a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the groups of different TBTCl concentrations and different life stages. Conclusion: Overall, in this study, the generality of the lesion scores showed that the adults are relatively more susceptible to the effects of TBTCl compared to the juvenile and the nauplii.
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Ezeoyili IC, Mgbenka BO, Atama CI, Ngwu GI, Madu JC, Nwani CD. Changes in Brain Acetylcholinesterase and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in African Catfish Exposed to Carbendazim. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH 2019; 31:371-379. [PMID: 31519048 DOI: 10.1002/aah.10089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Carbendazim (CBZ) is a widely used, systemic, broad-spectrum benzimidazole fungicide. It is used worldwide against fungal diseases on a wide range of agricultural products and in domestic gardens. The activities of brain oxidative stress biomarkers and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in juvenile African Catfish Clarias gariepinus exposed to CBZ were investigated. Juveniles were exposed to sublethal concentrations of 0.22, 0.43, and 0.64 mg/L CBZ, which corresponded to 5, 10, and 15% of the 96-h LC50 (the concentration that was lethal to 50% of the test organisms over the first 96 h) of CBZ fungicide for 21 d. Individuals were allowed an extra 7-d recovery period. The brain tissues were sampled and analyzed on days 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 (including the 7-d recovery period). The results indicated significant concentration-dependent inhibition of the brain AChE activities in all exposed groups. The lipid peroxidation was significantly elevated while the antioxidant enzymes and protein values were significantly inhibited by CBZ exposure. However, the values of catalase on days 7, 14, and 21 were significantly higher than day 1 values. Overall, CBZ altered brain oxidative stress parameters and led to the inhibition of AChE. This fungicide should be used with utmost caution to protect and safeguard fish, ensuring that fish production and survival in the environment remain unaffected.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bernard O Mgbenka
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria, Africa
| | - Chinedu Ifeanyi Atama
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria, Africa
| | - Godwin I Ngwu
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria, Africa
| | - Josephine Chinenye Madu
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria, Africa
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Mukherjee A, Bhowmick AR, Mukherjee J, Moniruzzaman M. Physiological response of fish under variable acidic conditions: a molecular approach through the assessment of an eco-physiological marker in the brain. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:23442-23452. [PMID: 31197674 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05602-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The current study demonstrates oxidative damage and associated neurotoxicity following pH stress in two freshwater carp Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus cirrhosus. Carp (n = 6, 3 replicates) were exposed to four different pH (5.5, 6, 7.5, and 8) against control (pH 6.8 ± 0.05) for 7 days. After completion of treatment, levels of enzymatic (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT], glutathione reductase [GRd]) and non-enzymatic antioxidants (malondialdehyde [MDA], glutathione [GSH]), brain neurological parameters (Na+-K+ATPase, acetylcholinesterase [AcHE], monoamine oxidase [MAO], and nitric oxide [NO]), xanthine oxidase (XO), heat shock proteins (HSP70 and HSP90), and transcription factor NFkB were measured in carp brain. Variation in the pH caused a significant alteration in the glutathione system (glutathione and glutathione reductase), SOD-CAT system, and stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA). Xanthine oxidase was also induced significantly after pH exposure. Brain neurological parameters (MAO, NO, AChE, and Na+-K+ATPase) were significantly reduced at each pH-treated carp group though inhibition was highest at lower acidic pH (5.5). Cirrhinus cirrhosus was more affected than that of Labeo rohita. Molecular chaperon HSP70 expression was induced in all pH-treated groups though such induction was more in acid-stressed fish. HSP90 was found to increase only in acid-stressed carp brain. Expression of NFkB was elevated significantly at each treatment group except for pH 7.5. Finally, both acidic and alkaline pH in the aquatic system was found to disturb oxidative balance in carp brain which ultimately affects the neurological activity in carp. However, acidic environment in the aquatic system was more detrimental than the alkaline system regarding oxidative damage and subsequent neurotoxicity in carp brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Mukherjee
- Department of Zoology, Hiralal Mazumdar Memorial College for Women, Dakshineswar, Kolkata, 700035, India
| | | | - Joyita Mukherjee
- Department of Zoology, Krishna Chandra College, University of Burdwan, Birbhum, West Bengal, 731124, India
| | - Mahammed Moniruzzaman
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700019, India.
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Haque MN, Eom HJ, Nam SE, Shin YK, Rhee JS. Chlorothalonil induces oxidative stress and reduces enzymatic activities of Na+/K+-ATPase and acetylcholinesterase in gill tissues of marine bivalves. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214236. [PMID: 30964867 PMCID: PMC6456286 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlorothalonil is a thiol-reactive antifoulant that disperses widely and has been found in the marine environment. However, there is limited information on the deleterious effects of chlorothalonil in marine mollusks. In this study, we evaluated the effects of chlorothalonil on the gill tissues of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas and the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis after exposure to different concentrations of chlorothalonil (0.1, 1, and 10 μg L−1) for 96 h. Following exposure to 1 and/or 10 μg L−1 of chlorothalonil, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels significantly increased in the gill tissues of C. gigas and M. edulis compared to that in the control group at 96 h. Similarly, glutathione (GSH) levels were significantly affected in both bivalves after chlorothalonil exposure. The chlorothalonil treatment caused a significant time- and concentration-dependent increase in the activity of enzymes, such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR), in the antioxidant defense system. Furthermore, 10 μg L−1 of chlorothalonil resulted in significant inhibitions in the enzymatic activity of Na+/K+-ATPase and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). These results suggest that chlorothalonil induces potential oxidative stress and changes in osmoregulation and the cholinergic system in bivalve gill tissues. This information will be a useful reference for the potential toxicity of chlorothalonil in marine bivalves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Niamul Haque
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, South Korea
- Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Eom
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Sang-Eun Nam
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Yun Kyung Shin
- Southeast Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Tongyeong, South Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Rhee
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, South Korea
- Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, South Korea
- Institute of Green Environmental Research Center, Yeonsugu, Incheon, South Korea
- * E-mail:
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21
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Santos-Silva AP, Andrade MN, Pereira-Rodrigues P, Paiva-Melo FD, Soares P, Graceli JB, Dias GRM, Ferreira ACF, de Carvalho DP, Miranda-Alves L. Frontiers in endocrine disruption: Impacts of organotin on the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 460:246-257. [PMID: 28774778 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine disruptors (EDs), chemical substances widely used in industry and ubiquitously distributed in the environment, are able to interfere with the synthesis, release, transport, metabolism, receptor binding, action, or elimination of endogenous hormones. EDs affect homeostasis mainly by acting on nuclear and nonnuclear steroid receptors but also on serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine and orphan receptors in addition to thyroid hormone receptors. Tributyltin (TBT), an ED widely used as a pesticide and biocide in antifouling paints, has well-documented actions that include inhibiting aromatase and affecting the nuclear receptors PPARγ and RXR. TBT exposure in humans and experimental models has been shown to mainly affect reproductive function and adipocyte differentiation. Since thyroid hormones play a fundamental role in regulating the basal metabolic rate and energy homeostasis, it is crucial to clarify the effects of TBT on the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis. Therefore, we review herein the main effects of TBT on important metabolic pathways, with emphasis on disruption of the thyroid axis that could contribute to the development of endocrine and metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Santos-Silva
- Grupo de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento e Inovação em Endocrinologia Experimental-GPDIEEx, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Pós-graduação em Endocrinologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelle Novaes Andrade
- Grupo de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento e Inovação em Endocrinologia Experimental-GPDIEEx, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Pós-graduação em Endocrinologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Pós-graduação em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paula Pereira-Rodrigues
- Grupo de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento e Inovação em Endocrinologia Experimental-GPDIEEx, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Pós-graduação em Endocrinologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Francisca Diana Paiva-Melo
- Grupo de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento e Inovação em Endocrinologia Experimental-GPDIEEx, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Pós-graduação em Endocrinologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paula Soares
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP) - Cancer Signalling & Metabolism, Porto, Portugal; Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology and Oncology, Medical Faculty of Porto University, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Glaecir Roseni Mundstock Dias
- Grupo de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento e Inovação em Endocrinologia Experimental-GPDIEEx, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Pós-graduação em Endocrinologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andrea Claudia Freitas Ferreira
- Grupo de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento e Inovação em Endocrinologia Experimental-GPDIEEx, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Pós-graduação em Endocrinologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Polo de Xerém/NUMPEX, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Denise Pires de Carvalho
- Grupo de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento e Inovação em Endocrinologia Experimental-GPDIEEx, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Pós-graduação em Endocrinologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leandro Miranda-Alves
- Grupo de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento e Inovação em Endocrinologia Experimental-GPDIEEx, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Pós-graduação em Endocrinologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Pós-graduação em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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22
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Badr El Dine FMM, Nabil IM, Dwedar FI. The effect of Tributyltin on thyroid follicular cells of adult male albino rats and the possible protective role of green tea: a toxicological, histological and biochemical study. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES 2017; 7:7. [PMID: 28781899 PMCID: PMC5514189 DOI: 10.1186/s41935-017-0012-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Tributyltin is one of the important and wide-spread persistent organic contaminants that accumulate in the food chain. It is suspected to cause endocrine-disrupting effects in mammals, due in part to its possible transfer through marine food chains and to the consumption of contaminated seafood. Aim of the work Was to study the possible toxic effect of Tributyltin on thyroid follicular cells of adult male albino rats and to evaluate the possible protective role of green tea. Material and methods Forty-five adult male albino rats were included and randomly divided into 3 equal groups: a control group (Group I); Group II: received tributyltin chloride (TBT) dissolved in corn oil orally in a dose of 5 mg/kg for 30 days. Group III: received tributyltin chloride in the same dose with concomitant oral administration of green tea extract for 30 days. At the end of the experiment, the animals were sacrificed and blood samples were subjected to hormonal assay for T3, T4 and TSH levels. Malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione were assessed. The thyroid tissue was processed for histological and ultrastructure examination. The colloid area of thyroid follicles was evaluated morphometrically and statistically analyzed. Results A significant decrease in T3 and T4 levels and serum reduced glutathione in the group II when compared with the other groups. Furthermore, a significant increase in serum Malondialdehyde and TSH levels was recorded in group II treated group by comparison to the other two groups. Histopathological and ultrastructural changes of thyroid gland follicles were detected in tributyltin treated rats; the follicular cells appeared swollen and vacuolated. Epithelial stratification was noticed in some foci with excessive vacuolation of the colloid. Dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum filled with flocculent material and increased number of lysosomes were also detected together with variation in shape and size of the nuclei. A marked improvement in the histological features of thyroid follicles was noticed in group III. Conclusion Tributyltin induces oxidative stress in rats as well as anti-thyroid effect. The green tea extract is useful in combating tissue injury that is a result of tributyltin toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma M M Badr El Dine
- Departments of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Champollion Street, El- Khartoum Square, Azarita Medical Campus, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Iman M Nabil
- Histology and cell biology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Fatma I Dwedar
- Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Park MS, Kim YD, Kim BM, Kim YJ, Kim JK, Rhee JS. Effects of Antifouling Biocides on Molecular and Biochemical Defense System in the Gill of the Pacific Oyster Crassostrea gigas. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168978. [PMID: 28006823 PMCID: PMC5179263 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Antifouling biocides such as organotin compounds and their alternatives are potent toxicants in marine ecosystems. In this study, we employed several molecular and biochemical response systems of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas to understand a potential mode of action of antifouling biocides (i.e. tributyltin (TBT), diuron and irgarol) after exposure to different concentrations (0.01, 0.1, and 1 μg L-1) for 96 h. As a result, all the three antifouling biocides strongly induced the antioxidant defense system. TBT reduced both enzymatic activity and mRNA expression of Na+/K+-ATPase and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Lower levels of both Na+/K+-ATPase activity and AChE mRNA expression were observed in the diuron-exposed oysters compared to the control, while the irgarol treatment reduced only the transcriptional expression of AChE gene. We also analyzed transcript profile of heat shock protein (Hsp) superfamily in same experimental conditions. All antifouling biocides tested in this study significantly modulated mRNA expression of Hsp superfamily with strong induction of Hsp70 family. Taken together, overall results indicate that representative organotin TBT and alternatives have potential hazardous effects on the gill of C. gigas within relatively short time period. Our results also suggest that analyzing a series of molecular and biochemical parameters can be a way of understanding and uncovering the mode of action of emerging antifouling biocides. In particular, it was revealed that Pacific oysters have different sensitivities depend on the antifouling biocides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Seon Park
- Southeast Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Tongyeong, South Korea
| | - Young Dae Kim
- Southeast Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Tongyeong, South Korea
| | - Bo-Mi Kim
- Unit of Polar Genomics, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Youn-Jung Kim
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jang Kyun Kim
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, South Korea
- Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, South Korea
- * E-mail: (JSR); (JKK)
| | - Jae-Sung Rhee
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, South Korea
- Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, South Korea
- Institute of Green Environmental Research Center, 169, Gaetbeol-ro, Yeonsugu, Incheon, South Korea
- * E-mail: (JSR); (JKK)
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Li ZH, Zhong LQ, Wu YH, Mu WN. Alteration of cytochrome P450 1 regulation and HSP 70 level in brain of juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio) after chronic exposure to tributyltin. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2016; 42:287-294. [PMID: 26400268 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-015-0136-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT), a toxic contaminant in aquatic environments, has bio-accumulated in aquatic food webs throughout the world and can be found at toxic levels in some biota. However, the molecular mechanisms and effects of TBT are not fully understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of long-term exposure of TBT on cytochrome P450 (CYP450) 1 regulation and heat-shock proteins (HSPs) profiling in brain of freshwater teleost. The effects of long-term exposure to TBT on mRNA expression of cytochrome P450 (CYP450) 1 family genes and ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity in the brain of common carp were evaluated, as well as HSP 70 level. Fish were exposed to sublethal concentrations of TBT (75 ng/L, 0.75 μg/L and 7.5 μg/L) for 15, 30, and 60 days. Based on the results, long-term exposure (more than 15 days) to TBT could lead to obvious physiological-biochemical responses (based on EROD activity, HSP 70 level and CYP450 1 family genes expression). The mRNA expression of CYP450 1 family genes (CYP1A, CYP1B, CYP1C1 and CYP1C2) suggested that CYP1A was to accommodate most EROD activity in fish, but other CYP450 forms also involved in this proceeding. Thus, the measured physiological responses in fish brain could provide useful information to better understand the mechanisms of TBT-induced bio-toxicity and could be used as potential biomarkers for monitoring the TBT pollution in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hua Li
- Observation Station for Fishery Resource and Environment in Upper-Middle Reaches of Yangtze River (MOA), Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation (MOA), Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China.
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic.
| | - Li-Qiao Zhong
- Observation Station for Fishery Resource and Environment in Upper-Middle Reaches of Yangtze River (MOA), Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation (MOA), Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Yan-Hua Wu
- Observation Station for Fishery Resource and Environment in Upper-Middle Reaches of Yangtze River (MOA), Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation (MOA), Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Wei-Na Mu
- Observation Station for Fishery Resource and Environment in Upper-Middle Reaches of Yangtze River (MOA), Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation (MOA), Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
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Li P, Li ZH. Physiological Responses in Chinese Rare Minnow Larvae Following Exposure to Low-Dose Tributyltin. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2015; 95:588-592. [PMID: 26385694 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-015-1655-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the antioxidant response and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were measured in Chinese rare minnow larvae (Gobiocypris rarus) after exposure to tributyltin (TBT) (0, 100, 400 and 800 ngL(-1)) for 7 days, as well as the expression of a series of genes, including cr, aptase and prl genes involved in the ion-regulatory process and igfbp3 and gh related to growth rate. Results shows that oxidative stress was generated in fish exposed to TBT, as evidenced by elevated malondialdehyde levels and the inhibition of antioxidant parameters. The activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was also inhibited in fish under higher TBT stress. Moreover, genes involved in ion regulation and growth were affected, based on the regulated transcription of the cr, atpase, gh, prl and igfbp3 genes in the treated groups. The observed effects of TBT upon antioxidant responses and altered expression of genes provides insight into the use of these molecular biomarkers in evaluating mechanisms of TBT toxicity in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation (Ministry of Agriculture), Observation Station for Fishery Resource and Environment in Upper-Middle Reaches of Yangtze River (Ministry of Agriculture), Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Zhi-Hua Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation (Ministry of Agriculture), Observation Station for Fishery Resource and Environment in Upper-Middle Reaches of Yangtze River (Ministry of Agriculture), Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China.
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic.
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Li ZH, Zhong LQ, Mu WN, Wu YH. Effects of chronic exposure to tributyltin on tissue-specific cytochrome P450 1 regulation in juvenile common carp. Xenobiotica 2015; 46:511-5. [DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2015.1092618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Dean MC, Liversidge HM. Age estimation in fossil hominins: comparing dental development in earlyHomowith modern humans. Ann Hum Biol 2015; 42:415-29. [DOI: 10.3109/03014460.2015.1046488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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