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Pym D, Davies AJ, Williams JO, Saunders C, George CE, James PE. Small volume platelet concentrates for neonatal use are more susceptible to shear-induced storage lesion. Platelets 2024; 35:2389967. [PMID: 39169763 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2024.2389967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
The impact of the biophysical environment on the platelet storage lesion (PSL) has mainly focused on reduced temperature storage, overlooking the significance of storage-induced shear stress. Shear stress in platelet storage refers to the frictional force acting parallel to the bag surface and exists solely through the implementation of agitation. This study investigates whether minimizing exposure to agitation-induced shear stress can alleviate the unexplained loss of function in stored platelet concentrates for neonatal transfusion (neonatal PCs). Using particle tracking analysis, fluid motion was measured in neonatal and adult platelet storage bags under agitation frequencies ranging from 20-60 rpm. Platelets stored at 20-60 rpm agitation over 8 days were examined by biochemical analysis, aggregation, and expression of activation markers. Results indicate that neonatal PCs experience significantly higher storage-induced shear stress compared to adult doses, leading to reduced functionality and increased activation from day 2 of storage. Adjusting the neonatal PC agitation frequency to 20 rpm improved functionality in early storage, while 40 rpm maintains this improvement throughout storage with reduced activation, compared to 60 rpm storage. This study confirms that small volume PC storage for neonatal use contributes to the PSL through the induction of shear stress, suggesting further evaluation of the recommended agitation frequency for neonatal PCs or postponement of the production of neonatal PCs until requested for neonatal transfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean Pym
- Centre of Cardiovascular Health and Ageing, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
- Welsh Blood Service, Component Development and Research Laboratory, Pontyclun, Wales, UK
| | - Amanda J Davies
- Centre of Cardiovascular Health and Ageing, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Jessica O Williams
- Centre of Cardiovascular Health and Ageing, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Christine Saunders
- Welsh Blood Service, Component Development and Research Laboratory, Pontyclun, Wales, UK
| | - Chloë E George
- Welsh Blood Service, Component Development and Research Laboratory, Pontyclun, Wales, UK
| | - Philip E James
- Centre of Cardiovascular Health and Ageing, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
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2
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Pirotton L, de Cartier d’Yves E, Bertrand L, Beauloye C, Horman S. Platelet lipidomics and de novo lipogenesis: impact on health and disease. Curr Opin Hematol 2024; 31:217-223. [PMID: 38727017 PMCID: PMC11296274 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Lipids play vital roles in platelet structure, signaling, and metabolism. In addition to capturing exogenous lipids, platelets possess the capacity for de novo lipogenesis, regulated by acetyl-coA carboxylase 1 (ACC1). This review aims to cover the critical roles of platelet de novo lipogenesis and lipidome in platelet production, function, and diseases. RECENT FINDINGS Upon platelet activation, approximately 20% of the platelet lipidome undergoes significant modifications, primarily affecting arachidonic acid-containing species. Multiple studies emphasize the impact of de novo lipogenesis, with ACC1 as key player, on platelet functions. Mouse models suggest the importance of the AMPK-ACC1 axis in regulating platelet membrane arachidonic acid content, associated with TXA 2 secretion, and thrombus formation. In human platelets, ACC1 inhibition leads to reduced platelet reactivity. Remodeling of the platelet lipidome, alongside with de novo lipogenesis, is also crucial for platelet biogenesis. Disruptions in the platelet lipidome are observed in various pathological conditions, including cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases, with associations between these alterations and shifts in platelet reactivity highlighted. SUMMARY The platelet lipidome, partially regulated by ACC-driven de novo lipogenesis, is indispensable for platelet production and function. It is implicated in various pathological conditions involving platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Pirotton
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain)
| | - Emma de Cartier d’Yves
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain)
| | - Luc Bertrand
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain)
| | - Christophe Beauloye
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain)
- Department of Cardiovascular Intensive Care, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandrine Horman
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain)
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3
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Gao J, Guo H, Li J, Zhan M, You Y, Xin G, Liu Z, Fan X, Gao Q, Liu J, Zhang Y, Fu J. Buyang Huanwu decoction ameliorates myocardial injury and attenuates platelet activation by regulating the PI3 kinase/Rap1/integrin α(IIb)β(3) pathway. Chin Med 2024; 19:109. [PMID: 39160598 PMCID: PMC11331649 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00976-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BYHWD) is a traditional Chinese medicine to treat the syndrome of qi deficiency and blood stasis. Platelets play an important role in regulating thrombus and inflammation after ischemic injury, studies have shown that BYHWD regulate myocardial fibrosis and exert anti-inflammatory effects through IL-17 and TLR4 pathways, but the mechanism of platelet activation by BYHWD in stable coronary heart disease is still unknown. In the present study, model of left anterior descending coronary artery ligation was applied to investigate the mechanisms of BYHWD on modulating platelets hyperreactivity and heart function after fibrosis of ischemic myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS Myocardial infarction model was constructed by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. The rats were randomly divided into five groups: sham, model, MI with aspirin (positive), MI with a low dosage of BYHWD (BYHWD-ld) and MI with a high dosage of BYHWD (BYHWD-hd) for 28 days. RESULTS Coronary artery ligation prominently induced left ventricle dysfunction, increased cardiomyocyte fibrosis, which was accompanied by platelets with hyperreactivity, and high levels of inflammatory factors. BYHWD obviously reversed cardiac dysfunction and fibrosis, increased the thickness of the left ventricular wall, and inhibited aggregation ratio and CD62p expression. BYHWD restored the mitochondrial respiration of platelets after MI, concomitant with an increased telomere expression and decreased inflammation. According to the result of transcriptome sequencing, we found that 106 differentially expressed genes compared model with BYHWD treatment. Enrichment analysis screened out the Ras-related protein Rap-1 (Rap1) signaling pathway and platelet activation biological function. Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting were applied to found that BYHWD reduced the expression of Rap1/PI3K-Akt/Src-CDC42 genes and attenuated the overactivity of PI3 kinase/Rap1/integrin α(IIb)β(3) pathway. CONCLUSION BYHWD reduced inflammation and platelet activation via the PI3 kinase/Rap1/integrin α(IIb)β(3) pathway and improved heart function after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Gao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia, Courtyard No. 1, Xiyuan Playground, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Guo
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia, Courtyard No. 1, Xiyuan Playground, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Junmei Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia, Courtyard No. 1, Xiyuan Playground, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Min Zhan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia, Courtyard No. 1, Xiyuan Playground, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Yue You
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia, Courtyard No. 1, Xiyuan Playground, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Gaojie Xin
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia, Courtyard No. 1, Xiyuan Playground, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Zixin Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia, Courtyard No. 1, Xiyuan Playground, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodi Fan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia, Courtyard No. 1, Xiyuan Playground, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Qinghe Gao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia, Courtyard No. 1, Xiyuan Playground, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxun Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia, Courtyard No. 1, Xiyuan Playground, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
| | - Yehao Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia, Courtyard No. 1, Xiyuan Playground, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
| | - Jianhua Fu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia, Courtyard No. 1, Xiyuan Playground, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
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4
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Méndez D, Tellería F, Monroy-Cárdenas M, Montecino-Garrido H, Mansilla S, Castro L, Trostchansky A, Muñoz-Córdova F, Zickermann V, Schiller J, Alfaro S, Caballero J, Araya-Maturana R, Fuentes E. Linking triphenylphosphonium cation to a bicyclic hydroquinone improves their antiplatelet effect via the regulation of mitochondrial function. Redox Biol 2024; 72:103142. [PMID: 38581860 PMCID: PMC11002875 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Platelets are the critical target for preventing and treating pathological thrombus formation. However, despite current antiplatelet therapy, cardiovascular mortality remains high, and cardiovascular events continue in prescribed patients. In this study, first results were obtained with ortho-carbonyl hydroquinones as antiplatelet agents; we found that linking triphenylphosphonium cation to a bicyclic ortho-carbonyl hydroquinone moiety by a short alkyl chain significantly improved their antiplatelet effect by affecting the mitochondrial functioning. The mechanism of action involves uncoupling OXPHOS, which leads to an increase in mitochondrial ROS production and a decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential and OCR. This alteration disrupts the energy production by mitochondrial function necessary for the platelet activation process. These effects are responsive to the complete structure of the compounds and not to isolated parts of the compounds tested. The results obtained in this research can be used as the basis for developing new antiplatelet agents that target mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Méndez
- Thrombosis and Healthy Aging Research Center, MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Francisca Tellería
- Thrombosis and Healthy Aging Research Center, MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Matías Monroy-Cárdenas
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics, Universidad de Talca, Talca, 3460000, Chile
| | - Héctor Montecino-Garrido
- Thrombosis and Healthy Aging Research Center, MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Santiago Mansilla
- Departamento de Métodos Cuantitativos and Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, 11800, Uruguay
| | - Laura Castro
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, 11800, Uruguay
| | - Andrés Trostchansky
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, 11800, Uruguay
| | | | - Volker Zickermann
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University Medical School, Germany
| | - Jonathan Schiller
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University Medical School, Germany
| | - Sergio Alfaro
- Centro de Bioinformática, Simulación y Modelado (CBSM), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Talca, 1 Poniente No. 1141, Casilla 721, Talca, Chile
| | - Julio Caballero
- Centro de Bioinformática, Simulación y Modelado (CBSM), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Talca, 1 Poniente No. 1141, Casilla 721, Talca, Chile
| | - Ramiro Araya-Maturana
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics, Universidad de Talca, Talca, 3460000, Chile.
| | - Eduardo Fuentes
- Thrombosis and Healthy Aging Research Center, MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.
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5
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Wang XB, Cui NH, Fang ZQ, Gao MJ, Cai D. Platelet bioenergetic profiling uncovers a metabolic pattern of high dependency on mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation in type 2 diabetic patients who developed in-stent restenosis. Redox Biol 2024; 72:103146. [PMID: 38579589 PMCID: PMC11000186 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Although platelet bioenergetic dysfunction is evident early in the pathogenesis of diabetic macrovascular complications, the bioenergetic characteristics in type 2 diabetic patients who developed coronary in-stent restenosis (ISR) and their effects on platelet function remain unclear. Here, we performed platelet bioenergetic profiling to characterize the bioenergetic alterations in 28 type 2 diabetic patients with ISR compared with 28 type 2 diabetic patients without ISR (non-ISR) and 28 healthy individuals. Generally, platelets from type 2 diabetic patients with ISR exhibited a specific bioenergetic alteration characterized by high dependency on fatty acid (FA) oxidation, which subsequently induced complex III deficiency, causing decreased mitochondrial respiration, increased mitochondrial oxidant production, and low efficiency of mitochondrial ATP generation. This pattern of bioenergetic dysfunction showed close relationships with both α-granule and dense granule secretion as measured by surface P-selectin expression, ATP release, and profiles of granule cargo proteins in platelet releasates. Importantly, ex vivo reproduction of high dependency on FA oxidation by exposing non-ISR platelets to its agonist mimicked the bioenergetic dysfunction observed in ISR platelets and enhanced platelet secretion, whereas pharmaceutical inhibition of FA oxidation normalized the respiratory and redox states of ISR platelets and diminished platelet secretion. Further, causal mediation analyses identified a strong association between high dependency on FA oxidation and increased angiographical severity of ISR, which was significantly mediated by the status of platelet secretion. Our findings, for the first time, uncover a pattern of bioenergetic dysfunction in ISR and enhance current understanding of the mechanistic link of high dependency on FA oxidation to platelet abnormalities in the context of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Bin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
| | - Ning-Hua Cui
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Children's Infection and Immunity, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Zi-Qi Fang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Mi-Jie Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Dan Cai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
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6
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Tessema B, Haag J, Sack U, König B. Analysis of Cellular Stress Assay Parameters and Intracellular ATP in Platelets: Comparison of Platelet Preparation Methods. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4885. [PMID: 38732108 PMCID: PMC11084208 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Platelets are metabolically active, anucleated and small circulating cells mainly responsible for the prevention of bleeding and maintenance of hemostasis. Previous studies showed that platelets mitochondrial content, function, and energy supply change during several diseases such as HIV/AIDS, COVID-19, pulmonary arterial hypertension, and in preeclampsia during pregnancy. These changes in platelets contributed to the severity of diseases and mortality. In our previous studies, we have shown that the seahorse-based cellular stress assay (CSA) parameters are crucial to the understanding of the mitochondrial performance in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCS). Moreover, the results of CSA parameters were significantly influenced by the PBMC preparation methods. In this study, we assessed the correlation of CSA parameters and intracellular ATP content in platelets and evaluated the effects of platelet preparation methods on the results of CSA parameters and intracellular ATP content. We compared the results of CSA parameters and intracellular ATP content in platelets isolated by density centrifugation with Optiprep and simple centrifugation of blood samples without Optiprep. Platelets isolated by centrifugation with Optiprep showed a higher spare capacity, basal respiration, and maximal respiration than those isolated without Optiprep. There was a clear correlation between basal respiration and maximal respiration, and the whole-ATP content in both isolation methods. Moreover, a positive correlation was observed between the relative spare capacity and whole-cell ATP content. In conclusion, the results of seahorse-based CSA parameters and intracellular ATP content in platelets are markedly influenced by the platelet isolation methods employed. The results of basal respiration and maximal respiration are hallmarks of cellular activity in platelets, and whole-cell ATP content is a potential hint for basic platelet viability. We recommend further studies to evaluate the role of CSA parameters and intracellular ATP content in platelets as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prediction of disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belay Tessema
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
- Magdeburg Molecular Detections GmbH & Co. KG, 39104 Magdeburg, Germany; (J.H.); (B.K.)
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar P.O. Box 196, Ethiopia
| | - Janine Haag
- Magdeburg Molecular Detections GmbH & Co. KG, 39104 Magdeburg, Germany; (J.H.); (B.K.)
| | - Ulrich Sack
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Brigitte König
- Magdeburg Molecular Detections GmbH & Co. KG, 39104 Magdeburg, Germany; (J.H.); (B.K.)
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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7
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Weaver AJ, McIntosh CS, Kelly SG, Barrera GD, Lizarraga S, Hildreth KE, Williams CE, Grantham L, Yoshida T, Omert L, Bynum JA, Meledeo MA, Reddoch-Cardenas KM. Evaluating the effects of hypoxic storage on platelet function and health using a novel storage system. Transfusion 2024; 64:693-704. [PMID: 38511850 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thousands of units of whole blood (WB) and blood components are transfused daily to treat trauma patients. Improved methods for blood storage are critical to support trauma-related care. The Hemanext ONE® system offers a unique method for hypoxic storage of WB, with successfully demonstrated storage of clinically viable RBCs. This work evaluated the system for the storage of WB, focusing on platelet health and function. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS WB was collected from healthy donors and processed through the Hemanext ONE® system. Hemoglobin oxygen saturation (HbSO2) levels of WB were depleted to 10%, 20%, or 30% of total HbSO2 and then stored in PVC bags sealed in oxygen-impermeable bags (except for normoxic control) with samples collected on days 1, 7, and 14 post-processing. Flow cytometry assessed the activation and apoptosis of platelets. Clot dynamics were assessed based on aggregometry and thromboelastography assays, as well as thrombin generation using a calibrated-automated thrombogram method. RESULTS Hypoxic storage conditions were maintained throughout the storage period. Hypoxia triggered increased lactate production, but pH changes were negligible compared to normoxic control. Storage at 10% HbSO2 had a significant impact on platelet function, resulting in increased activation and reduced clot formation and aggregation. These effects were less significant at 20% and 30% HbSO2. DISCUSSION This study indicates that platelets are sensitive to hypoxic storage and suffer significant metabolic and functional deterioration when stored at or below 10% HbSO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Weaver
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, USA
| | - C S McIntosh
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, USA
| | - S G Kelly
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, USA
| | - G D Barrera
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, USA
| | - S Lizarraga
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, USA
| | - K E Hildreth
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, USA
| | - C E Williams
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, USA
| | - L Grantham
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, USA
| | - T Yoshida
- Hemanext Inc., Lexington, Massachusetts, USA
| | - L Omert
- Hemanext Inc., Lexington, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - M A Meledeo
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, USA
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8
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Dash D. New Dimension to Study on Platelet Bioenergetics. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:417-418. [PMID: 38126171 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.320355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Debabrata Dash
- Centre for Advanced Research on Platelet Signaling and Thrombosis Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
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9
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Ghatge M, Flora GD, Nayak MK, Chauhan AK. Platelet Metabolic Profiling Reveals Glycolytic and 1-Carbon Metabolites Are Essential for GP VI-Stimulated Human Platelets-Brief Report. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:409-416. [PMID: 37942614 PMCID: PMC10880120 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.319821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evolving evidence suggests that besides signaling pathways, platelet activation involves a complex interplay between metabolic pathways to support thrombus growth. Selective targeting of metabolic checkpoints may inhibit platelet activation and provide a novel antiplatelet strategy. We, therefore, examined global metabolic changes that occur during the transition of human platelets from resting to an activated state to identify metabolites and associated pathways that contribute to platelet activation. METHODS We performed metabolic profiling of resting and convulxin-stimulated human platelet samples. The differential levels, pathway analysis, and PCA (principal component analysis) were performed using Metaboanalyst. Metascape was used for metabolite network construction. RESULTS Of the 401 metabolites identified, 202 metabolites were significantly upregulated, and 2 metabolites were downregulated in activated platelets. Of all the metabolites, lipids scored highly and constituted ≈50% of the identification. During activation, aerobic glycolysis supports energy demand and provides glycolytic intermediates required by metabolic pathways. Consistent with this, an important category of metabolites was carbohydrates, particularly the glycolysis intermediates that were significantly upregulated compared with resting platelets. We found that lysophospholipids such as 1-palmitoyl-GPA (glycero-3-phosphatidic acid), 1-stearoyl-GPS (glycero-3-phosphoserine), 1-palmitoyl-GPI (glycerophosphoinositol), 1-stearoyl-GPI, and 1-oleoyl-GPI were upregulated in activated platelets. We speculated that platelet activation could be linked to 1-carbon metabolism, a set of biochemical pathways that involve the transfer and use of 1-carbon units from amino acids, for cellular processes, including nucleotide and lysophospholipid synthesis. In alignment, based on pathway enrichment and network-based prioritization, the metabolites from amino acid metabolism, including serine, glutamate, and branched-chain amino acid pathway were upregulated in activated platelets, which might be supplemented by the high levels of glycolytic intermediates. CONCLUSIONS Metabolic analysis of resting and activated platelets revealed that glycolysis and 1-carbon metabolism are necessary to support platelet activation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gagan D. Flora
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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10
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Jóhannsson F, Yurkovich JT, Guðmundsson S, Sigurjónsson ÓE, Rolfsson Ó. Temperature Dependence of Platelet Metabolism. Metabolites 2024; 14:91. [PMID: 38392983 PMCID: PMC10890334 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14020091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Temperature plays a fundamental role in biology, influencing cellular function, chemical reaction rates, molecular structures, and interactions. While the temperature dependence of many biochemical reactions is well defined in vitro, the effect of temperature on metabolic function at the network level is poorly understood, and it remains an important challenge in optimizing the storage of cells and tissues at lower temperatures. Here, we used time-course metabolomic data and systems biology approaches to characterize the effects of storage temperature on human platelets (PLTs) in a platelet additive solution. We observed that changes to the metabolome with storage time do not simply scale with temperature but instead display complex temperature dependence, with only a small subset of metabolites following an Arrhenius-type relationship. Investigation of PLT energy metabolism through integration with computational modeling revealed that oxidative metabolism is more sensitive to temperature changes than glycolysis. The increased contribution of glycolysis to ATP turnover at lower temperatures indicates a stronger glycolytic phenotype with decreasing storage temperature. More broadly, these results demonstrate that the temperature dependence of the PLT metabolic network is not uniform, suggesting that efforts to improve the health of stored PLTs could be targeted at specific pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freyr Jóhannsson
- Center for Systems Biology, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 8, 102 Reykjavik, Iceland
- School of Health Sciences, Medical Department, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 8, 102 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - James T Yurkovich
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Phenome Health, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Center for Phenomic Health, The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Steinn Guðmundsson
- Center for Systems Biology, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 8, 102 Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Iceland, Dunhagi 3, 107 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Ólafur E Sigurjónsson
- The Blood Bank, Landspitali-University Hospital, Snorrabraut 60, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
- School of Science and Engineering, Reykjavik University, Menntavegur 1, 102 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Óttar Rolfsson
- Center for Systems Biology, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 8, 102 Reykjavik, Iceland
- School of Health Sciences, Medical Department, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 8, 102 Reykjavik, Iceland
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11
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Jacob S, Kosaka Y, Bhatlekar S, Denorme F, Benzon H, Moody A, Moody V, Tugolukova E, Hull G, Kishimoto N, Manne BK, Guo L, Souvenir R, Seliger BJ, Eustes AS, Hoerger K, Tolley ND, Fatahian AN, Boudina S, Christiani DC, Wei Y, Ju C, Campbell RA, Rondina MT, Abel ED, Bray PF, Weyrich AS, Rowley JW. Mitofusin-2 Regulates Platelet Mitochondria and Function. Circ Res 2024; 134:143-161. [PMID: 38156445 PMCID: PMC10872864 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.322914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single-nucleotide polymorphisms linked with the rs1474868 T allele (MFN2 [mitofusin-2] T/T) in the human mitochondrial fusion protein MFN2 gene are associated with reduced platelet MFN2 RNA expression and platelet counts. This study investigates the impact of MFN2 on megakaryocyte and platelet biology. METHODS Mice with megakaryocyte/platelet deletion of Mfn2 (Mfn2-/- [Mfn2 conditional knockout]) were generated using Pf4-Cre crossed with floxed Mfn2 mice. Human megakaryocytes were generated from cord blood and platelets isolated from healthy subjects genotyped for rs1474868. Ex vivo approaches assessed mitochondrial morphology, function, and platelet activation responses. In vivo measurements included endogenous/transfused platelet life span, tail bleed time, transient middle cerebral artery occlusion, and pulmonary vascular permeability/hemorrhage following lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury. RESULTS Mitochondria was more fragmented in megakaryocytes derived from Mfn2-/- mice and from human cord blood with MFN2 T/T genotype compared with control megakaryocytes. Human resting platelets of MFN2 T/T genotype had reduced MFN2 protein, diminished mitochondrial membrane potential, and an increased rate of phosphatidylserine exposure during ex vivo culture. Platelet counts and platelet life span were reduced in Mfn2-/- mice accompanied by an increased rate of phosphatidylserine exposure in resting platelets, especially aged platelets, during ex vivo culture. Mfn2-/- also decreased platelet mitochondrial membrane potential (basal) and activated mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate, reactive oxygen species generation, calcium flux, platelet-neutrophil aggregate formation, and phosphatidylserine exposure following dual agonist activation. Ultimately, Mfn2-/- mice showed prolonged tail bleed times, decreased ischemic stroke infarct size after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, and exacerbated pulmonary inflammatory hemorrhage following lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury. Analysis of MFN2 SNPs in the iSPAAR study (Identification of SNPs Predisposing to Altered ALI Risk) identified a significant association between MFN2 and 28-day mortality in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. CONCLUSIONS Mfn2 preserves mitochondrial phenotypes in megakaryocytes and platelets and influences platelet life span, function, and outcomes of stroke and lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shancy Jacob
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Yasuhiro Kosaka
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Seema Bhatlekar
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Frederik Denorme
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Haley Benzon
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Alexandra Moody
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Victoria Moody
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | | | - Grayson Hull
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Nina Kishimoto
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Bhanu K. Manne
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Li Guo
- Bloodworks Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, WA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Utah, Seattle, WA
| | - Rhonda Souvenir
- David Geffen School of Medicine and University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Health, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | | | - Kelly Hoerger
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Neal D. Tolley
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Amir N. Fatahian
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Sihem Boudina
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - David C. Christiani
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yongyue Wei
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Beijing, 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Can Ju
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Robert A. Campbell
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah Heath, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Matthew T. Rondina
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah Heath, Salt Lake City, UT
- Department of Internal Medicine and the GRECC, George E. Wahlen VAMC, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - E. Dale Abel
- David Geffen School of Medicine and University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Health, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Paul F. Bray
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
- Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Andrew S. Weyrich
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation (OMRF), Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Jesse W. Rowley
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
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12
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Prakhya KS, Vekaria H, Coenen DM, Omali L, Lykins J, Joshi S, Alfar HR, Wang QJ, Sullivan P, Whiteheart SW. Platelet glycogenolysis is important for energy production and function. Platelets 2023; 34:2222184. [PMID: 37292023 PMCID: PMC10658951 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2023.2222184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Although the presence of glycogen in platelets was established in the 1960s, its importance to specific functions (i.e., activation, secretion, aggregation, and clot contraction) remains unclear. Patients with glycogen storage disease often present with increased bleeding and glycogen phosphorylase (GP) inhibitors, when used as treatments for diabetes, induce bleeding in preclinical studies suggesting some role for this form of glucose in hemostasis. In the present work, we examined how glycogen mobilization affects platelet function using GP inhibitors (CP316819 and CP91149) and a battery of ex vivo assays. Blocking GP activity increased glycogen levels in resting and thrombin-activated platelets and inhibited platelet secretion and clot contraction, with minimal effects on aggregation. Seahorse energy flux analysis and metabolite supplementation experiments suggested that glycogen is an important metabolic fuel whose role is affected by platelet activation and the availability of external glucose and other metabolic fuels. Our data shed light on the bleeding diathesis in glycogen storage disease patients and offer insights into the potential effects of hyperglycemia on platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hemendra Vekaria
- Department of Neuroscience; College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Daniёlle M. Coenen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Linda Omali
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Joshua Lykins
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Smita Joshi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Hammodah R. Alfar
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Qing Jun Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences; College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Patrick Sullivan
- Department of Neuroscience; College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Sidney W. Whiteheart
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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13
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Flora GD, Nayak MK, Ghatge M, Chauhan AK. Metabolic targeting of platelets to combat thrombosis: dawn of a new paradigm? Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:2497-2507. [PMID: 37706546 PMCID: PMC10676458 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Current antithrombotic therapies used in clinical settings target either the coagulation pathways or platelet activation receptors (P2Y12 or GPIIb/IIIa), as well as the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme through aspirin. However, they are associated with bleeding risk and are not suitable for long-term use. Thus, novel strategies which provide broad protection against platelet activation with minimal bleeding risks are required. Regardless of the nature of agonist stimulation, platelet activation is an energy-intensive and ATP-driven process characterized by metabolic switching toward a high rate of aerobic glycolysis, relative to oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Consequently, there has been considerable interest in recent years in investigating whether targeting metabolic pathways in platelets, especially aerobic glycolysis and OXPHOS, can modulate their activation, thereby preventing thrombosis. This review briefly discusses the choices of metabolic substrates available to platelets that drive their metabolic flexibility. We have comprehensively elucidated the relevance of aerobic glycolysis in facilitating platelet activation and the underlying molecular mechanisms that trigger this switch from OXPHOS. We have provided a detailed account of the antiplatelet effects of targeting vital metabolic checkpoints such as pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDKs) and pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) that preferentially drive the pyruvate flux to aerobic glycolysis. Furthermore, we discuss the role of fatty acids and glutamine oxidation in mitochondria and their subsequent role in driving OXPHOS and platelet activation. While the approach of targeting metabolic regulatory mechanisms in platelets to prevent their activation is still in a nascent stage, accumulating evidence highlights its beneficial effects as a potentially novel antithrombotic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gagan D Flora
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Manasa K Nayak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Madankumar Ghatge
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Anil K Chauhan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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14
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Allan HE, Vadgama A, Armstrong PC, Warner TD. Platelet ageing: A review. Thromb Res 2023; 231:214-222. [PMID: 36587993 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2022.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Platelet ageing is an area of research which has gained much interest in recent years. Newly formed platelets, often referred to as reticulated platelets, young platelets or immature platelets, are defined as RNA-enriched and have long been thought to be hyper-reactive. This latter view is largely rooted in associations and observations in patient groups with shortened platelet half-lives who often present with increased proportions of newly formed platelets. Evidence from such groups suggests that an increased proportion of newly formed platelets is associated with an increased risk of thrombotic events and a reduced effectiveness of standard anti-platelet therapies. Whilst research has highlighted the existence of platelet subpopulations based on function, size and age within patient groups, the common intrinsic changes which occur as platelets age within the circulation are only just being explored. By understanding the changes that occur during the natural ageing processes of platelets, we may be able to identify the triggers for alterations in platelet life span and platelet reactivity. Here we review research on platelet ageing in the context of health and disease, paying particular attention to the experimental approaches taken and the robustness of conclusions that can be drawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harriet E Allan
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts & the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom.
| | - Ami Vadgama
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts & the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul C Armstrong
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts & the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy D Warner
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts & the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom
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15
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Grichine A, Jacob S, Eckly A, Villaret J, Joubert C, Appaix F, Pezet M, Ribba AS, Denarier E, Mazzega J, Rinckel JY, Lafanechère L, Elena-Herrmann B, Rowley JW, Sadoul K. The fate of mitochondria during platelet activation. Blood Adv 2023; 7:6290-6302. [PMID: 37624769 PMCID: PMC10589785 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023010423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood platelets undergo several successive motor-driven reorganizations of the cytoskeleton when they are recruited to an injured part of a vessel. These reorganizations take place during the platelet activation phase, the spreading process on the injured vessel or between fibrin fibers of the forming clot, and during clot retraction. All these steps require a lot of energy, especially the retraction of the clot when platelets develop strong forces similar to those of muscle cells. Platelets can produce energy through glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration. However, although resting platelets have only 5 to 8 individual mitochondria, they produce adenosine triphosphate predominantly via oxidative phosphorylation. Activated, spread platelets show an increase in size compared with resting platelets, and the question arises as to where the few mitochondria are located in these larger platelets. Using expansion microscopy, we show that the number of mitochondria per platelet is increased in spread platelets. Live imaging and focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy suggest that a mitochondrial fission event takes place during platelet activation. Fission is Drp1 dependent because Drp1-deficient platelets have fused mitochondria. In nucleated cells, mitochondrial fission is associated with a shift to a glycolytic phenotype, and using clot retraction assays, we show that platelets have a more glycolytic energy production during clot retraction and that Drp1-deficient platelets show a defect in clot retraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexei Grichine
- INSERM U1209, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixed de Recherche 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Shancy Jacob
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Anita Eckly
- INSERM, EFS Grand Est, Biologie et Pharmacologie des Plaquettes Sanguines Unité Mixed de Recherche-S 1255, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Joran Villaret
- INSERM U1209, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixed de Recherche 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Clotilde Joubert
- INSERM U1209, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixed de Recherche 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Florence Appaix
- INSERM U1209, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixed de Recherche 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Mylène Pezet
- INSERM U1209, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixed de Recherche 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Ribba
- INSERM U1209, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixed de Recherche 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Eric Denarier
- INSERM U1216, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Grenoble Institute of Neuroscience, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Jacques Mazzega
- INSERM U1209, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixed de Recherche 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Yves Rinckel
- INSERM, EFS Grand Est, Biologie et Pharmacologie des Plaquettes Sanguines Unité Mixed de Recherche-S 1255, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Laurence Lafanechère
- INSERM U1209, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixed de Recherche 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Bénédicte Elena-Herrmann
- INSERM U1209, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixed de Recherche 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Jesse W. Rowley
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Karin Sadoul
- INSERM U1209, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixed de Recherche 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
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16
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Fuentes E, Arauna D, Araya-Maturana R. Regulation of mitochondrial function by hydroquinone derivatives as prevention of platelet activation. Thromb Res 2023; 230:55-63. [PMID: 37639783 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2023.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Platelet activation plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of thrombotic events in different diseases (e.g., cancer, type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer's, and cardiovascular diseases, and even in patients diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019). Therefore, antiplatelet therapy is essential to reduce thrombus formation. However, the utility of current antiplatelet drugs is limited. Therefore, identifying novel antiplatelet compounds is very important in developing new drugs. In this context, the involvement of mitochondrial function as an efficient energy source required for platelet activation is currently accepted; however, its contribution as an antiplatelet target still has little been exploited. Regarding this, the intramolecular hydrogen bonding of hydroquinone derivatives has been described as a structural motif that allows the reach of small molecules at mitochondria, which can exert antiplatelet activity, among others. In this review, we describe the role of mitochondrial function in platelet activation and how hydroquinone derivatives exert antiplatelet activity through mitochondrial regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Fuentes
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3480094, Chile.
| | - Diego Arauna
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3480094, Chile
| | - Ramiro Araya-Maturana
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
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17
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Gupta D, Elwakiel A, Ranjan S, Pandey MK, Krishnan S, Ambreen S, Henschler R, Rana R, Keller M, Ceglarek U, Shahzad K, Kohli S, Isermann B. Activated protein C modulates T-cell metabolism and epigenetic FOXP3 induction via α-ketoglutarate. Blood Adv 2023; 7:5055-5068. [PMID: 37315174 PMCID: PMC10471940 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
A direct regulation of adaptive immunity by the coagulation protease activated protein C (aPC) has recently been established. Preincubation of T cells with aPC for 1 hour before transplantation increases FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) and reduces acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) in mice, but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Because cellular metabolism modulates epigenetic gene regulation and plasticity in T cells, we hypothesized that aPC promotes FOXP3+ expression by altering T-cell metabolism. To this end, T-cell differentiation was assessed in vitro using mixed lymphocyte reaction or plate-bound α-CD3/CD28 stimulation, and ex vivo using T cells isolated from mice with aGVHD without and with aPC preincubation, or analyses of mice with high plasma aPC levels. In stimulated CD4+CD25- cells, aPC induces FOXP3 expression while reducing expression of T helper type 1 cell markers. Increased FOXP3 expression is associated with altered epigenetic markers (reduced 5-methylcytosine and H3K27me3) and reduced Foxp3 promoter methylation and activity. These changes are linked to metabolic quiescence, decreased glucose and glutamine uptake, decreased mitochondrial metabolism (reduced tricarboxylic acid metabolites and mitochondrial membrane potential), and decreased intracellular glutamine and α-ketoglutarate levels. In mice with high aPC plasma levels, T-cell subpopulations in the thymus are not altered, reflecting normal T-cell development, whereas FOXP3 expression in splenic T cells is reduced. Glutamine and α-ketoglutarate substitution reverse aPC-mediated FOXP3+ induction and abolish aPC-mediated suppression of allogeneic T-cell stimulation. These findings show that aPC modulates cellular metabolism in T cells, reducing glutamine and α-ketoglutarate levels, which results in altered epigenetic markers, Foxp3 promoter demethylation and induction of FOXP3 expression, thus favoring a Treg-like phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dheerendra Gupta
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry, and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ahmed Elwakiel
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry, and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Satish Ranjan
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry, and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Manish Kumar Pandey
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry, and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Shruthi Krishnan
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry, and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Saira Ambreen
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry, and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Reinhard Henschler
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rajiv Rana
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry, and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maria Keller
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG), Helmholtz Center Munich, University Hospital Leipzig, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Medical Department III – Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Uta Ceglarek
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry, and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Khurrum Shahzad
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry, and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Shrey Kohli
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry, and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Berend Isermann
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry, and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
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18
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Platelet mitochondrial dysfunction is both caused by, as well as a source of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is a key hallmark of metabolic disorders such as dyslipidemia and diabetes, which are known to have higher risks for thrombotic complications. RECENT FINDINGS Increasing evidence supports a critical role for platelet mitochondria beyond energy production and apoptosis. Mitochondria are key regulators of reactive oxygen species and procoagulant platelets, which both contribute to pathological thrombosis. Studies targeting platelet mitochondrial pathways have reported promising results suggesting antithrombotic effects with limited impact on hemostasis in animal models. SUMMARY Targeting platelet mitochondria holds promise for the reduction of thrombotic complications in patients with metabolic disorders. Future studies should aim at validating these preclinical findings and translate them to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Ajanel
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department Pathology, Division of Microbiology and Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Robert A. Campbell
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department Pathology, Division of Microbiology and Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Frederik Denorme
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department of Neurology, Division of Vascular Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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19
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Wilkinson MS, Dunham-Snary KJ. Blood-based bioenergetics: a liquid biopsy of mitochondrial dysfunction in disease. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2023; 34:554-570. [PMID: 37414716 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria operate as hubs of cellular metabolism that execute important regulatory functions. Damaged/dysfunctional mitochondria are recognized as major pathogenic contributors to many common human diseases. Assessment of mitochondrial function relies upon invasive tissue biopsies; peripheral blood cells, specifically platelets, have emerged as an ideal candidate for mitochondrial function assessment. Accessibility and documented pathology-related dysfunction have prompted investigation into the role of platelets in disease, the contribution of platelet mitochondria to pathophysiology, and the capacity of platelets to reflect systemic mitochondrial health. Platelet mitochondrial bioenergetics are being investigated in neurodegenerative and cardiopulmonary diseases, infection, diabetes, and other (patho)physiological states such as aging and pregnancy. Early findings support the use of platelets as a biomarker for mitochondrial functional health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia S Wilkinson
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Kimberly J Dunham-Snary
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada; Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
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20
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Ushiki T, Mochizuki T, Suzuki K, Kamimura M, Ishiguro H, Suwabe T, Watanabe S, Omori G, Yamamoto N, Kawase T. Strategic analysis of body composition indices and resting platelet ATP levels in professional soccer players for better platelet-rich plasma therapy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1255860. [PMID: 37711445 PMCID: PMC10499317 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1255860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy is ambiguously thought to be more effective in elite athletes than in sedentary patients, although the possible importance of recipient responsiveness remains poorly understood. To address this issue, along with the well-known PRP quality, in this initial study, we evaluated two candidate biomarkers: body composition indices (BCIs), which reflect systemic physical conditions, and resting platelet ATP levels, which reflect platelet energy expenditure and the mass of energy generation units. Methods: In this cross-sectional cohort study, blood samples were collected from male professional soccer players (PSPs) on a local professional team during the off-season and platelet ATP levels were quantified using an ATP luminescence assay kit. BCIs were measured using the body mass impedance method. Age-matched male sedentary participants were used as the controls. Results: Among the BCIs, the body mass index, basal metabolic rate (BMR), and skeletal muscle weight levels were higher in the PSPs than in the controls. The platelet ATP levels in the PSPs group were significantly lower than those in the control group. The correlation between BMR and platelet ATP levels was moderately negative in the control group, but weakly positive in the PSPs group. Conclusion: Owing to regular physical exercise, PSPs had higher BMR levels and lower platelet ATP levels without a significant mutual correlation compared to sedentary controls. This study did not indicate the influence of these biomarkers on the success of PRP therapy but provided evidence for a better understanding of PRP therapy, particularly for elite athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ushiki
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Mochizuki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Katsuya Suzuki
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masami Kamimura
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hajime Ishiguro
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Suwabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Satoshi Watanabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Niigata Medical Center, Niigata, Japan
| | - Go Omori
- Department of Health and Sports, Faculty of Health Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Noriaki Yamamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Niigata Rehabilitation Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Kawase
- Division of Oral Bioengineering, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
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21
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Ekhlak M, Kulkarni PP, Singh V, Chaurasia SN, Mohapatra SK, Chaurasia RN, Dash D. Necroptosis executioner MLKL plays pivotal roles in agonist-induced platelet prothrombotic responses and lytic cell death in a temporal order. Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:1886-1899. [PMID: 37301927 PMCID: PMC10406901 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-023-01181-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Necroptosis is a form of programmed cell death executed by receptor-interacting serine/threonine protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), RIPK3, and mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL). Platelets are circulating cells that play central roles in haemostasis and pathological thrombosis. In this study we demonstrate seminal contribution of MLKL in transformation of agonist-stimulated platelets to active haemostatic units progressing eventually to necrotic death on a temporal scale, thus attributing a yet unrecognized fundamental role to MLKL in platelet biology. Physiological agonists like thrombin instigated phosphorylation and subsequent oligomerization of MLKL in platelets in a RIPK3-independent but phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT-dependent manner. Inhibition of MLKL significantly curbed agonist-induced haemostatic responses in platelets that included platelet aggregation, integrin activation, granule secretion, procoagulant surface generation, rise in intracellular calcium, shedding of extracellular vesicles, platelet-leukocyte interactions and thrombus formation under arterial shear. MLKL inhibition, too, prompted impairment in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and aerobic glycolysis in stimulated platelets, accompanied with disruption in mitochondrial transmembrane potential, augmented proton leak and drop in both mitochondrial calcium as well as ROS. These findings underscore the key role of MLKL in sustaining OXPHOS and aerobic glycolysis that underlie energy-intensive platelet activation responses. Prolonged exposure to thrombin provoked oligomerization and translocation of MLKL to plasma membranes forming focal clusters that led to progressive membrane permeabilization and decline in platelet viability, which was prevented by inhibitors of PI3K/MLKL. In summary, MLKL plays vital role in transitioning of stimulated platelets from relatively quiescent cells to functionally/metabolically active prothrombotic units and their ensuing progression to necroptotic death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ekhlak
- Center for Advanced Research on Platelet Signaling and Thrombosis Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Paresh P Kulkarni
- Center for Advanced Research on Platelet Signaling and Thrombosis Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Vipin Singh
- Center for Advanced Research on Platelet Signaling and Thrombosis Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Susheel N Chaurasia
- Center for Advanced Research on Platelet Signaling and Thrombosis Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | | | - Rameshwar Nath Chaurasia
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Debabrata Dash
- Center for Advanced Research on Platelet Signaling and Thrombosis Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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22
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Ravera S, Signorello MG, Panfoli I. Platelet Metabolic Flexibility: A Matter of Substrate and Location. Cells 2023; 12:1802. [PMID: 37443836 PMCID: PMC10340290 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets are cellular elements that are physiologically involved in hemostasis, inflammation, thrombotic events, and various human diseases. There is a link between the activation of platelets and their metabolism. Platelets possess considerable metabolic versatility. Although the role of platelets in hemostasis and inflammation is known, our current understanding of platelet metabolism in terms of substrate preference is limited. Platelet activation triggers an oxidative metabolism increase to sustain energy requirements better than aerobic glycolysis alone. In addition, platelets possess extra-mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, which could be one of the sources of chemical energy required for platelet activation. This review aims to provide an overview of flexible platelet metabolism, focusing on the role of metabolic compartmentalization in substrate preference, since the metabolic flexibility of stimulated platelets could depend on subcellular localization and functional timing. Thus, developing a detailed understanding of the link between platelet activation and metabolic changes is crucial for improving human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Ravera
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | | | - Isabella Panfoli
- Department of Pharmacy (DIFAR), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
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23
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Fu X, Lei T, Tang C, Peng J. Construction of an Antithrombotic and Anti-Inflammatory Polyethersulfone Membrane. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2200543. [PMID: 37057668 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
In addition to being the core factor in thrombosis, thrombin is involved in various inflammatory disease responses, but few studies have examined whether and how it is involved in membrane-related inflammation. In this study, the thrombin inhibitor dabigatran is used to modify a polyethersulfone dialysis membrane. The modified membrane shows good hydrophilic properties and dialysis performance. It reduces the thrombin level in a targeted manner, thereby significantly inhibiting coagulation factor activation (based on the prothrombin time, international normalized ratio, activated partial thromboplastin time and thrombin time) and reducing the fibrinogen level and platelet adhesion. On thromboelastography, it shows excellent dynamic antithrombotic capacity. The modified membrane inhibited membrane-related inflammation by inhibiting the production of the inflammatory mediators C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) via the thrombin/complement C5a pathway. Moreover, it is found to be safe in an in vivo study. Thus, the dabigatran-modified polyethersulfone membrane may reduce dialysis-related complications through its dual antithrombotic and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Fu
- Department of Hematology, National Hemophilia Comprehensive Care Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ting Lei
- Powder metallurgy institute of central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ci Tang
- College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Peng
- Department of Hematology, National Hemophilia Comprehensive Care Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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24
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Kulkarni PP, Ekhlak M, Dash D. Energy metabolism in platelets fuels thrombus formation: Halting the thrombosis engine with small-molecule modulators of platelet metabolism. Metabolism 2023:155596. [PMID: 37244415 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Platelets are circulating cells central to haemostasis that follows vessel injury, as well as thrombosis that ensues as a consequence of pathological stasis or plaque rupture. Platelet responses to various stimuli that mediate these processes are all energy-intensive. Hence, platelets need to adapt their energy metabolism to fulfil the requirements of clot formation while overcoming the adversities of the thrombus niche such as restricted access to oxygen and nutrient. In the present review, we describe the changes in energy metabolism of platelets upon agonist challenge and their underlying molecular mechanisms. We briefly discuss the metabolic flexibility and dependency of stimulated platelets in terms of choice of energy substrates. Finally, we discuss how targeting the metabolic vulnerabilities of stimulated platelets such as aerobic glycolysis and/or beta oxidation of fatty acids could forestall platelet activation and thrombus formation. Thus, we present a case for modulating platelet energy metabolism using small-molecules as a novel anti-platelet strategy in the management of vaso-occlusive disorders like acute myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paresh P Kulkarni
- Center for Advanced Research on Platelet Signaling and Thrombosis Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India; Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA.
| | - Mohammad Ekhlak
- Center for Advanced Research on Platelet Signaling and Thrombosis Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Debabrata Dash
- Center for Advanced Research on Platelet Signaling and Thrombosis Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
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25
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Kulkarni PP, Ekhlak M, Singh V, Kailashiya V, Singh N, Dash D. Fatty acid oxidation fuels agonist-induced platelet activation and thrombus formation: Targeting β-oxidation of fatty acids as an effective anti-platelet strategy. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22768. [PMID: 36624703 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201321rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Platelet mitochondria possess remarkable plasticity for oxidation of energy substrates, where metabolic dependency on glucose or fatty acids is higher than glutamine. Since platelets metabolize nearly the entire pool of glucose to lactate rather than fluxing through mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid cycle, we posit that majority of mitochondrial ATP, which is essential for platelet granule secretion and thrombus formation, is sourced from oxidation of fatty acids. We performed a comprehensive analysis of bioenergetics and function of stimulated platelets in the presence of etomoxir, trimetazidine and oxfenicine, three pharmacologically distinct inhibitors of β-oxidation. Each of them significantly impaired oxidative phosphorylation in unstimulated as well as thrombin-stimulated platelets leading to a small but consistent drop in ATP level in activated cells due to a lack of compensation from glycolytic ATP. Trimetazidine and oxfenicine attenuated platelet aggregation, P-selectin externalization and integrin αIIb β3 activation. Both etomoxir and trimetazidine impeded agonist-induced dense granule release and platelet thrombus formation on collagen under arterial shear. The effect of inhibitors on platelet aggregation and dense granule release was dose- and incubation time- dependent with significant inhibition at higher doses and prolonged incubation times. Neither of the inhibitors could protect mice from collagen-epinephrine-induced pulmonary embolism or prolong mouse tail bleeding times. However, mice pre-administered with etomoxir, trimetazidine and oxfenicine were protected from ferric chloride-induced mesenteric thrombosis. In conclusion, β-oxidation of fatty acids sustains ATP level in stimulated platelets and is therefore essential for energy-intensive agonist-induced platelet responses. Thus, fatty acid oxidation may constitute an attractive therapeutic target for novel antiplatelet agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paresh P Kulkarni
- Center for Advanced Research on Platelet Signaling and Thrombosis Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Mohammad Ekhlak
- Center for Advanced Research on Platelet Signaling and Thrombosis Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Vipin Singh
- Center for Advanced Research on Platelet Signaling and Thrombosis Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Vikas Kailashiya
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Nitesh Singh
- Center for Advanced Research on Platelet Signaling and Thrombosis Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Debabrata Dash
- Center for Advanced Research on Platelet Signaling and Thrombosis Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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26
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Yasseen BA, Elkhodiry AA, El-Messiery RM, El-sayed H, Elbenhawi MW, Kamel AG, Gad SA, Zidan M, Hamza MS, Al-ansary M, Abdel-Rahman EA, Ali SS. Platelets' morphology, metabolic profile, exocytosis, and heterotypic aggregation with leukocytes in relation to severity and mortality of COVID-19-patients. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1022401. [PMID: 36479107 PMCID: PMC9720295 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1022401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Roles of platelets during infections surpass the classical thrombus function and are now known to modulate innate immune cells. Leukocyte-platelet aggregations and activation-induced secretome are among factors recently gaining interest but little is known about their interplay with severity and mortality during the course of SARS-Cov-2 infection. The aim of the present work is to follow platelets' bioenergetics, redox balance, and calcium homeostasis as regulators of leukocyte-platelet interactions in a cohort of COVID-19 patients with variable clinical severity and mortality outcomes. We investigated COVID-19 infection-related changes in platelet counts, activation, morphology (by flow cytometry and electron microscopy), bioenergetics (by Seahorse analyzer), mitochondria function (by high resolution respirometry), intracellular calcium (by flow cytometry), reactive oxygen species (ROS, by flow cytometry), and leukocyte-platelet aggregates (by flow cytometry) in non-intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalized COVID-19 patients (Non-ICU, n=15), ICU-survivors of severe COVID-19 (ICU-S, n=35), non-survivors of severe COVID-19 (ICU-NS, n=60) relative to control subjects (n=31). Additionally, molecular studies were carried out to follow gene and protein expressions of mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes (ETC) in representative samples of isolated platelets from the studied groups. Our results revealed that COVID-19 infection leads to global metabolic depression especially in severe patients despite the lack of significant impacts on levels of mitochondrial ETC genes and proteins. We also report that severe patients' platelets exhibit hyperpolarized mitochondria and significantly lowered intracellular calcium, concomitantly with increased aggregations with neutrophil. These changes were associated with increased populations of giant platelets and morphological transformations usually correlated with platelets activation and inflammatory signatures, but with impaired exocytosis. Our data suggest that hyperactive platelets with impaired exocytosis may be integral parts in the pathophysiology dictating severity and mortality in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basma A. Yasseen
- Research Department, Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aya A. Elkhodiry
- Research Department, Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Riem M. El-Messiery
- Infectious Disease Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hajar El-sayed
- Research Department, Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Azza G. Kamel
- Research Department, Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa A. Gad
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona Zidan
- Research Department, Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa S. Hamza
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Al-ansary
- Department of Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Engy A. Abdel-Rahman
- Research Department, Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt, Cairo, Egypt,Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University, Assuit, Egypt,*Correspondence: Sameh S. Ali, ; Engy A. Abdel-Rahman,
| | - Sameh S. Ali
- Research Department, Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt, Cairo, Egypt,*Correspondence: Sameh S. Ali, ; Engy A. Abdel-Rahman,
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27
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Gao MJ, Cui NH, Liu X, Wang XB. Inhibition of mitochondrial complex I leading to NAD +/NADH imbalance in type 2 diabetic patients who developed late stent thrombosis: Evidence from an integrative analysis of platelet bioenergetics and metabolomics. Redox Biol 2022; 57:102507. [PMID: 36244294 PMCID: PMC9579714 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a strong indicator of late stent thrombosis (LST). Platelet bioenergetic dysfunction, although critical to the pathogenesis of diabetic macrovascular complications, remains uncharacterized in T2DM patients who developed LST. Here, we explored the mechanistic link between the alterations in platelet bioenergetics and LST in the setting of T2DM. Platelet bioenergetics, metabolomics, and their interactomes were analyzed in a nested case-control study including 15 T2DM patients who developed LST and 15 matched T2DM patients who did not develop LST (non-LST). Overall, we identified a bioenergetic alteration in T2DM patients with LST characterized by an imbalanced NAD+/NADH redox state resulting from deficient mitochondrial complex I (NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase) activity, which led to reduced ATP-linked and maximal mitochondrial respiration, increased glycolytic flux, and platelet hyperactivation compared with non-LST patients. Congruently, platelets from LST patients exhibited downregulation of tricarboxylic acid cycle and NAD+ biosynthetic pathways as well as upregulation of the proximal glycolytic pathway, a metabolomic change that was primarily attributed to compromised mitochondrial respiration rather than increased glycolytic flux as evidenced by the integrative analysis of bioenergetics and metabolomics. Importantly, both bioenergetic and metabolomic aberrancies in LST platelets could be recapitulated ex vivo by exposing the non-LST platelets to a low dose of rotenone, a complex I inhibitor. In contrast, normalization of the NAD+/NADH redox state, either by increasing NAD+ biosynthesis or by inhibiting NAD+ consumption, was able to improve mitochondrial respiration, inhibit mitochondrial oxidant generation, and consequently attenuate platelet aggregation in both LST platelets and non-LST platelets pretreated with low-dose rotenone. These data, for the first time, delineate the specific patterns of bioenergetic and metabolomic alterations for T2DM patients who suffer from LST, and establish the deficiency of complex I-derived NAD+ as a potential pathogenic mechanism in platelet abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Jie Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Ning-Hua Cui
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Children's Infection and Immunity, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Xia'nan Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Xue-Bin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
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28
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Platelet Redox Imbalance in Hypercholesterolemia: A Big Problem for a Small Cell. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911446. [PMID: 36232746 PMCID: PMC9570056 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) synthesis and their scavenging by anti-oxidant defences is the common soil of many disorders, including hypercholesterolemia. Platelets, the smallest blood cells, are deeply involved in the pathophysiology of occlusive arterial thrombi associated with myocardial infarction and stroke. A great deal of evidence shows that both increased intraplatelet ROS synthesis and impaired ROS neutralization are implicated in the thrombotic process. Hypercholesterolemia is recognized as cause of atherosclerosis, cerebro- and cardiovascular disease, and, closely related to this, is the widespread acceptance that it strongly contributes to platelet hyperreactivity via direct oxidized LDL (oxLDL)-platelet membrane interaction via scavenger receptors such as CD36 and signaling pathways including Src family kinases (SFK), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase. In turn, activated platelets contribute to oxLDL generation, which ends up propagating platelet activation and thrombus formation through a mechanism mediated by oxidative stress. When evaluating the effect of lipid-lowering therapies on thrombogenesis, a large body of evidence shows that the effects of statins and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors are not limited to the reduction of LDL-C but also to the down-regulation of platelet reactivity mainly by mechanisms sensitive to intracellular redox balance. In this review, we will focus on the role of oxidative stress-related mechanisms as a cause of platelet hyperreactivity and the pathophysiological link of the pleiotropism of lipid-lowering agents to the beneficial effects on platelet function.
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29
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Boilard E, Bellio M. Platelet extracellular vesicles and the secretory interactome join forces in health and disease. Immunol Rev 2022; 312:38-51. [PMID: 35899405 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membrane-bound vesicles released by cells under various conditions. They are found in the extracellular milieu in all biological fluids. As the concentrations, contents, and origin of EVs can change during inflammation, the assessment of EVs can be used as a proxy of cellular activation. Here, we review the literature regarding EVs, more particularly those released by platelets and their mother cells, the megakaryocytes. Their cargo includes cytokines, growth factors, organelles (mitochondria and proteasomes), nucleic acids (messenger and non-coding RNA), transcription factors, and autoantigens. EVs may thus contribute to intercellular communication by facilitating exchange of material between cells. EVs also interact with other molecules secreted by cells. In autoimmune diseases, EVs are associated with antibodies secreted by B cells. By definition, EVs necessarily comprise a phospholipid moiety, which is thus the target of secreted phospholipases also abundantly expressed in the extracellular milieu. We discuss how platelet-derived EVs, which represent the majority of the circulating EVs, may contribute to immunity through the activity of their cargo or in combination with the secretory interactome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Boilard
- Département de microbiologie-immunologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Axe maladies infectieuses et immunitaires, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Centre de recherche ARThrite, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Marie Bellio
- Département de microbiologie-immunologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Axe maladies infectieuses et immunitaires, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Centre de recherche ARThrite, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
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30
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Urra FA, Vivas-Ruiz DE, Sanchez EF, Araya-Maturana R. An Emergent Role for Mitochondrial Bioenergetics in the Action of Snake Venom Toxins on Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2022; 12:938749. [PMID: 35924151 PMCID: PMC9343075 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.938749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Beyond the role of mitochondria in apoptosis initiation/execution, some mitochondrial adaptations support the metastasis and chemoresistance of cancer cells. This highlights mitochondria as a promising target for new anticancer strategies. Emergent evidence suggests that some snake venom toxins, both proteins with enzymatic and non-enzymatic activities, act on the mitochondrial metabolism of cancer cells, exhibiting unique and novel mechanisms that are not yet fully understood. Currently, six toxin classes (L-amino acid oxidases, thrombin-like enzymes, secreted phospholipases A2, three-finger toxins, cysteine-rich secreted proteins, and snake C-type lectin) that alter the mitochondrial bioenergetics have been described. These toxins act through Complex IV activity inhibition, OXPHOS uncoupling, ROS-mediated permeabilization of inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM), IMM reorganization by cardiolipin interaction, and mitochondrial fragmentation with selective migrastatic and cytotoxic effects on cancer cells. Notably, selective internalization and direct action of snake venom toxins on tumor mitochondria can be mediated by cell surface proteins overexpressed in cancer cells (e.g. nucleolin and heparan sulfate proteoglycans) or facilitated by the elevated Δψm of cancer cells compared to that non-tumor cells. In this latter case, selective mitochondrial accumulation, in a Δψm-dependent manner, of compounds linked to cationic snake peptides may be explored as a new anti-cancer drug delivery system. This review analyzes the effect of snake venom toxins on mitochondrial bioenergetics of cancer cells, whose mechanisms of action may offer the opportunity to develop new anticancer drugs based on toxin scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix A. Urra
- Laboratorio de Plasticidad Metabólica y Bioenergética, Programa de Farmacología Clínica y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, Chile
- Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics (MIBI), Talca, Chile
- *Correspondence: Félix A. Urra,
| | - Dan E. Vivas-Ruiz
- Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Ciudad Universitaria, Lima, Peru
| | - Eladio Flores Sanchez
- Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Proteins from Animal Venoms, Research and Development Center, Ezequiel Dias Foundation, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ramiro Araya-Maturana
- Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, Chile
- Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics (MIBI), Talca, Chile
- Laboratorio de Productos Bioactivos, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
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31
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Schuurman AR, Léopold V, Pereverzeva L, Chouchane O, Reijnders TDY, Brabander JD, Douma RA, Weeghel MV, Wever E, Schomaker BV, Vaz FM, Wiersinga WJ, Veer CV, Poll TVD. The Platelet Lipidome Is Altered in Patients with COVID-19 and Correlates with Platelet Reactivity. Thromb Haemost 2022; 122:1683-1692. [PMID: 35850149 PMCID: PMC9512584 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1749438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activated platelets have been implicated in the proinflammatory and prothrombotic phenotype of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). While it is increasingly recognized that lipids have important structural and signaling roles in platelets, the lipidomic landscape of platelets during infection has remained unexplored. OBJECTIVE To investigate the platelet lipidome of patients hospitalized for COVID-19. METHODS We performed untargeted lipidomics in platelets of 25 patients hospitalized for COVID-19 and 23 noninfectious controls with similar age and sex characteristics, and with comparable comorbidities. RESULTS Twenty-five percent of the 1,650 annotated lipids were significantly different between the groups. The significantly altered part of the platelet lipidome mostly comprised lipids that were less abundant in patients with COVID-19 (20.4% down, 4.6% up, 75% unchanged). Platelets from COVID-19 patients showed decreased levels of membrane plasmalogens, and a distinct decrease of long-chain, unsaturated triacylglycerols. Conversely, platelets from patients with COVID-19 displayed class-wide higher abundances of bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate and its biosynthetic precursor lysophosphatidylglycerol. Levels of these classes positively correlated with ex vivo platelet reactivity-as measured by P-selectin expression after PAR1 activation-irrespective of disease state. CONCLUSION Taken together, this investigation provides the first exploration of the profound impact of infection on the human platelet lipidome, and reveals associations between the lipid composition of platelets and their reactivity. These results warrant further lipidomic research in other infections and disease states involving platelet pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex R Schuurman
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine (CEMM), Amsterdam University Medical Centers - Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Valentine Léopold
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine (CEMM), Amsterdam University Medical Centers - Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Hôpital Lariboisière, INSERM U942S MASCOT, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Liza Pereverzeva
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine (CEMM), Amsterdam University Medical Centers - Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Osoul Chouchane
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine (CEMM), Amsterdam University Medical Centers - Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tom D Y Reijnders
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine (CEMM), Amsterdam University Medical Centers - Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Justin de Brabander
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine (CEMM), Amsterdam University Medical Centers - Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Renée A Douma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Flevo Hospital, Almere, The Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Departments of Clinical Chemistry and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Wever
- Departments of Clinical Chemistry and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Bioinformatics Laboratory, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bauke V Schomaker
- Departments of Clinical Chemistry and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frédéric M Vaz
- Departments of Clinical Chemistry and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Willem Joost Wiersinga
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine (CEMM), Amsterdam University Medical Centers - Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers - Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis Van't Veer
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine (CEMM), Amsterdam University Medical Centers - Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tom van der Poll
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine (CEMM), Amsterdam University Medical Centers - Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers - Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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32
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Prakhya KS, Luo Y, Adkins J, Hu X, Wang QJ, Whiteheart SW. A sensitive and adaptable method to measure platelet-fibrin clot contraction kinetics. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2022; 6:e12755. [PMID: 35873218 PMCID: PMC9301529 DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Platelet-fibrin clot contraction is critical for wound closure and maintenance of vessel patency, yet a molecular understanding of the process has lagged because of a lack of flexible quantitative assay systems capable of assaying multiple samples simultaneously. Objectives We devised a sensitive and inexpensive method to assess clot contraction kinetics under multiple conditions. Methods Clot contraction was measured using time-lapse digital photography, automated image processing with customized software, and detailed kinetic analysis using available commercial programs. Results Our system was responsive to alterations in platelet counts and calcium, fibrinogen, and thrombin concentrations, and our analysis detected and defined three phases of platelet-fibrin clot formation: initiation, contraction, and stabilization. Lag time, average contraction velocity, contraction extent, and area under the curve were readily calculated from the data. Using pharmacological agents (blebbistatin and eptifibatide), we confirmed the importance of myosin IIA and the interactions of integrin αIIbβ3-fibrinogen/fibrin in clot contraction. As further proof of our system's utility, we showed how 2-deoxyglucose affects contraction, demonstrating the importance of platelet bioenergetics, specifically glycolysis. Conclusions Our system is an adaptable platform for assessing the effects of multiple conditions and interventions on clot contraction kinetics in a regular laboratory setting, using readily available materials. The automated image processing software we developed will be made freely available for noncommercial uses. This assay system can be used to directly compare and define the effects of different treatments or genetic manipulations on platelet function and should provide a robust tool for future hemostasis/thrombosis research and therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ya Luo
- GliasoftMilpitasCaliforniaUSA
| | - John Adkins
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, College of MedicineUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | | | - Qing Jun Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, College of MedicineUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Sidney W. Whiteheart
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, College of MedicineUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
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33
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Chronic Immune Platelet Activation Is Followed by Platelet Refractoriness and Impaired Contractility. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137336. [PMID: 35806341 PMCID: PMC9266422 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), have a high risk of thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications associated with altered platelet functionality. We studied platelets from the blood of SLE patients and their reactivity. The surface expression of phosphatidylserine, P-selectin, and active integrin αIIbβ3 were measured using flow cytometry before and after platelet stimulation. Soluble P-selectin was measured in plasma. The kinetics of platelet-driven clot contraction was studied, as well as scanning and transmission electron microscopy of unstimulated platelets. Elevated levels of membrane-associated phosphatidylserine and platelet-attached and soluble P-selectin correlated directly with the titers of IgG, anti-dsDNA-antibodies, and circulating immune complexes. Morphologically, platelets in SLE lost their resting discoid shape, formed membrane protrusions and aggregates, and had a rough plasma membrane. The signs of platelet activation were associated paradoxically with reduced reactivity to a physiological stimulus and impaired contractility that revealed platelet exhaustion and refractoriness. Platelet activation has multiple pro-coagulant effects, and the inability to fully contract (retract) blood clots can be either a hemorrhagic or pro-thrombotic mechanism related to altered clot permeability, sensitivity of clots to fibrinolysis, obstructiveness, and embologenicity. Therefore, chronic immune platelet activation followed by secondary platelet dysfunction comprise an understudied pathogenic mechanism that supports hemostatic disorders in autoimmune diseases, such as SLE.
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Montecino-Garrido H, Méndez D, Araya-Maturana R, Millas-Vargas JP, Wehinger S, Fuentes E. In Vitro Effect of Mitochondria-Targeted Triphenylphosphonium-Based Compounds (Honokiol, Lonidamine, and Atovaquone) on the Platelet Function and Cytotoxic Activity. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:893873. [PMID: 35645840 PMCID: PMC9130573 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.893873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Obtaining triphenylphosphonium salts derived from anticancer compounds to inhibit mitochondrial metabolism is of major interest due to their pivotal role in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, calcium homeostasis, apoptosis, and cell proliferation. However, the use of this type of antitumor compound presents a risk of bleeding since the platelet activation is especially dependent on the mitochondrial function. In this study, we evaluated the in vitro effect of three triphenylphosphonium-based compounds, honokiol (HNK), lonidamine (LDN), and atovaquone (ATO), on the platelet function linked to the triphenylphosphonium cation by a lineal 10-carbon alkyl chain and also the decyltriphenylphosphonium salt (decylphos).Methods: Platelets obtained by phlebotomy from healthy donors were exposed in vitro to different concentrations (0.1–10 μM) of the three compounds; cellular viability, exposure of phosphatidylserine, the mitochondrial membrane potential (∆Ψm), intracellular calcium release, and intracellular ROS generation were measured. Platelet activation and aggregation were induced by agonists (adenosine diphosphate, thrombin receptor-activating peptide-6, convulxin, or phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate) and were evaluated by flow cytometry and light transmission, respectively.Results: The three compounds showed a slight cytotoxic effect from 1 μM, and this was concomitant with a decrease in ∆Ψm and intracellular calcium increase. Only ATO produced a modest but significant increase in intra-platelet ROS. Also, the three compounds increased the exposure to phosphatidylserine in platelets expressed in platelets positive for annexin V. None of the compounds had an inhibitory effect on the aggregation or activation markers of platelets stimulated with three different agonists. Similar results were obtained with decylphos.Conclusion: Triphenylphosphonium derivatives showed slight platelet toxicity below 1 μM, probably associated with their effect on ∆Ψm and exposure to phosphatidylserine, but no significant effect on platelet activation and aggregation, making them an antitumoral alternative with a low risk of bleeding. However, future assays on animal models and human trials are required to evaluate if their effects with a low risk for hemostasis are replicated in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Montecino-Garrido
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Thrombosis Research Center, MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics (ACT210097), Medical Technology School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Diego Méndez
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Thrombosis Research Center, MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics (ACT210097), Medical Technology School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Ramiro Araya-Maturana
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics (ACT210097), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Juan Pablo Millas-Vargas
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics (ACT210097), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Sergio Wehinger
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Thrombosis Research Center, MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics (ACT210097), Medical Technology School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Eduardo Fuentes
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Thrombosis Research Center, MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics (ACT210097), Medical Technology School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
- *Correspondence: Eduardo Fuentes,
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35
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Tamura N, Goto S, Yokota H, Goto S. Contributing Role of Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism on Platelet Adhesion, Activation and Thrombus Formation under Blood Flow Conditions. Platelets 2022; 33:1083-1089. [PMID: 35348041 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2022.2046722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Platelets have an active energy metabolism mediated by mitochondria. However, the role of mitochondria in platelet adhesion, activation, and thrombus formation under blood flow conditions remains to be elucidated. Blood specimens were obtained from healthy adult volunteers. The consumption of glucose molecules by platelets was measured after 24 hours. Platelet adhesion, activation, and thrombus formation on collagen fibrils and immobilized von Willebrand factor (VWF) at a wall shear rate of 1,500 s-1 were detected by fluorescence microscopy with an ultrafast laser confocal unit in the presence or absence of mitochondrial functional inhibitors of carbonyl cyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy) phenylhydrazone (FCCP), antimycin A, and oligomycin. Consumption of glucose molecules within the first 24 h of 4.21 × 10-15 ± 4.46 x 10-15 (n = 6) increased to 13.82 × 10-15 ± 3.46 x 10-15 (n = 4) in the presence of FCCP, 12.11 × 10-15 ± 2.33 x 10-15 (n = 4) in the presence of antimycin A, and 11.87 × 10-15 ± 3.56 x 10-15 (n = 4) in the presence of oligomycin (p < .05). These mitochondrial functional blockers did not influence both surface area coverage by platelets and the 3-dimensional size of platelet thrombi formed on the collagen fibrils. However, a rapid increase in the intracellular calcium ion concentration ([Ca2+]i) upon adhering on immobilized VWF decreased significantly from 405.5 ± 86.2 nM in control to 198.0 ± 79.2 nM in the presence of FCCP (p < .005). A similar decrease in the rapid increase in ([Ca2+]i) was observed in the presence of antimycin A and oligomycin. Mitochondrial function is necessary for platelet activation represented by a rapid increase in [Ca2+]i after platelet adhesion on VWF. However, the influence could not be detected as changes in platelet adhesion or 3-dimensional growth of platelet thrombi on collagen fibrils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Tamura
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shinichi Goto
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Hideo Yokota
- Image Processing Research Team, Center for Advanced Photonics, Riken, Wako, Japan
| | - Shinya Goto
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
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36
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Sake CL, Metcalf AJ, Meagher M, Paola JD, Neeves KB, Boyle NR. Isotopically nonstationary 13C metabolic flux analysis in resting and activated human platelets. Metab Eng 2022; 69:313-322. [PMID: 34954086 PMCID: PMC8905147 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2021.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Platelet metabolism is linked to platelet hyper- and hypoactivity in numerous human diseases. Developing a detailed understanding of the link between metabolic shifts and platelet activation state is integral to improving human health. Here, we show the first application of isotopically nonstationary 13C metabolic flux analysis to quantitatively measure carbon fluxes in both resting and thrombin activated platelets. Metabolic flux analysis results show that resting platelets primarily metabolize glucose to lactate via glycolysis, while acetate is oxidized to fuel the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Upon activation with thrombin, a potent platelet agonist, platelets increase their uptake of glucose 3-fold. This results in an absolute increase in flux throughout central metabolism, but when compared to resting platelets they redistribute carbon dramatically. Activated platelets decrease relative flux to the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway and TCA cycle from glucose and increase relative flux to lactate. These results provide the first report of reaction-level carbon fluxes in platelets and allow us to distinguish metabolic fluxes with much higher resolution than previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara L. Sake
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, 80401 USA
| | - Alexander J. Metcalf
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, 80401 USA
| | - Michelle Meagher
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Jorge Di Paola
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Keith B. Neeves
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045 USA,Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045 USA,Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology, Oncology, and Bone Marrow Transplant University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045 USA
| | - Nanette R. Boyle
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, 80401 USA,Correspondence: , 423 Alderson Hall; 1613 Illinois St.; Golden, CO 80401
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Jedlička J, Kunc R, Kuncová J. Mitochondrial respiration of human platelets in young adult and advanced age - Seahorse or O2k? Physiol Res 2021; 70:S369-S379. [PMID: 35099255 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate platelet mitochondrial oxygen consumption using high-resolution respirometry (HRR) and metabolic flux analysis (MFA) and to verify the effect of advanced age on these parameters. HRR was used to analyze permeabilized and intact platelets, MFA to measure oxygen consumption rates (OCR), extracellular acidification rates (ECAR) and ATP production rate in intact fixed platelets. Two groups of healthy volunteers were included in the study: YOUNG (20-42 years, n=44) and older adults (OLD; 70-89 years; n=15). Compared to YOUNG donors, platelets from group OLD participants displayed significantly lower values of oxygen consumption in the Complex II-linked phosphorylating and uncoupled states and the Complex IV activity in HRR protocols for permeabilized cells and significantly lower resting and uncoupled respirations in intact cells when analyzed by both methods. In addition, mitochondrial ATP production rate was also significantly lower in platelets isolated from older adults. Variables measured by both methods from the same bloods correlated significantly, nevertheless those acquired by MFA were higher than those measured using HRR. In conclusion, the study verifies compromised mitochondrial respiration and oxidative ATP production in the platelets of aged persons and documents good compatibility of the two most widely used methods for determining the global performance of the electron-transporting system, i.e. HRR and MFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jedlička
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic.
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38
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JEDLIČKA J, KUNC R, KUNCOVÁ J. Mitochondrial Respiration of Human Platelets in Young Adult and Advanced Age – Seahorse or O2k? Physiol Res 2021. [DOI: 10.33549//physiolres.934812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate platelet mitochondrial oxygen consumption using high-resolution respirometry (HRR) and metabolic flux analysis (MFA) and to verify the effect of advanced age on these parameters. HRR was used to analyze permeabilized and intact platelets, MFA to measure oxygen consumption rates (OCR), extracellular acidification rates (ECAR) and ATP production rate in intact fixed platelets. Two groups of healthy volunteers were included in the study: YOUNG (20-42 years, n=44) and older adults (OLD; 70-89 years; n=15). Compared to YOUNG donors, platelets from group OLD participants displayed significantly lower values of oxygen consumption in the Complex II-linked phosphorylating and uncoupled states and the Complex IV activity in HRR protocols for permeabilized cells and significantly lower resting and uncoupled respirations in intact cells when analyzed by both methods. In addition, mitochondrial ATP production rate was also significantly lower in platelets isolated from older adults. Variables measured by both methods from the same bloods correlated significantly, nevertheless those acquired by MFA were higher than those measured using HRR. In conclusion, the study verifies compromised mitochondrial respiration and oxidative ATP production in the platelets of aged persons and documents good compatibility of the two most widely used methods for determining the global performance of the electron-transporting system, i.e. HRR and MFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- J JEDLIČKA
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic
| | - R KUNC
- Institute of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic
| | - J KUNCOVÁ
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic
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Octave M, Pirotton L, Ginion A, Robaux V, Lepropre S, Ambroise J, Bouzin C, Guigas B, Giera M, Foretz M, Bertrand L, Beauloye C, Horman S. Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Inhibitor CP640.186 Increases Tubulin Acetylation and Impairs Thrombin-Induced Platelet Aggregation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222313129. [PMID: 34884932 PMCID: PMC8658010 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) is the first enzyme regulating de novo lipid synthesis via the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA into malonyl-CoA. The inhibition of its activity decreases lipogenesis and, in parallel, increases the acetyl-CoA content, which serves as a substrate for protein acetylation. Several findings support a role for acetylation signaling in coordinating signaling systems that drive platelet cytoskeletal changes and aggregation. Therefore, we investigated the impact of ACC inhibition on tubulin acetylation and platelet functions. Human platelets were incubated 2 h with CP640.186, a pharmacological ACC inhibitor, prior to thrombin stimulation. We have herein demonstrated that CP640.186 treatment does not affect overall platelet lipid content, yet it is associated with increased tubulin acetylation levels, both at the basal state and after thrombin stimulation. This resulted in impaired platelet aggregation. Similar results were obtained using human platelets that were pretreated with tubacin, an inhibitor of tubulin deacetylase HDAC6. In addition, both ACC and HDAC6 inhibitions block key platelet cytoskeleton signaling events, including Rac1 GTPase activation and the phosphorylation of its downstream effector, p21-activated kinase 2 (PAK2). However, neither CP640.186 nor tubacin affects thrombin-induced actin cytoskeleton remodeling, while ACC inhibition results in decreased thrombin-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation. We conclude that when using washed human platelets, ACC inhibition limits tubulin deacetylation upon thrombin stimulation, which in turn impairs platelet aggregation. The mechanism involves a downregulation of the Rac1/PAK2 pathway, being independent of actin cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Octave
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (M.O.); (L.P.); (A.G.); (V.R.); (S.L.); (L.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Laurence Pirotton
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (M.O.); (L.P.); (A.G.); (V.R.); (S.L.); (L.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Audrey Ginion
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (M.O.); (L.P.); (A.G.); (V.R.); (S.L.); (L.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Valentine Robaux
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (M.O.); (L.P.); (A.G.); (V.R.); (S.L.); (L.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Sophie Lepropre
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (M.O.); (L.P.); (A.G.); (V.R.); (S.L.); (L.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Jérôme Ambroise
- Centre de Technologies Moléculaires Appliquées, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- IREC Imaging Platform, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Bruno Guigas
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Martin Giera
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Marc Foretz
- CNRS, INSERM, Institut Cochin, Université de Paris, F-75014 Paris, France;
| | - Luc Bertrand
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (M.O.); (L.P.); (A.G.); (V.R.); (S.L.); (L.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Christophe Beauloye
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (M.O.); (L.P.); (A.G.); (V.R.); (S.L.); (L.B.); (C.B.)
- Division of Cardiology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandrine Horman
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (M.O.); (L.P.); (A.G.); (V.R.); (S.L.); (L.B.); (C.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-2-764-55-66
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Allan HE, Hayman MA, Marcone S, Chan MV, Edin ML, Maffucci T, Joshi A, Menke L, Crescente M, Mayr M, Zeldin DC, Armstrong PC, Warner TD. Proteome and functional decline as platelets age in the circulation. J Thromb Haemost 2021; 19:3095-3112. [PMID: 34390534 PMCID: PMC8604765 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelets circulate in the blood of healthy individuals for approximately 7-10 days regulated by finely balanced processes of production and destruction. As platelets are anucleate we reasoned that their protein composition would change as they age and that this change would be linked to alterations in structure and function. OBJECTIVE To isolate platelets of different ages from healthy individuals to test the hypothesis that changes in protein content cause alterations in platelet structure and function. METHODS Platelets were separated according to thiazole orange fluorescence intensity as a surrogate indicator of mRNA content and so a marker of platelet age and then subjected to proteomics, imaging, and functional assays to produce an in-depth analysis of platelet composition and function. RESULTS Total protein content was 45 ± 5% lower in old platelets compared to young platelets. Predictive proteomic pathway analysis identified associations with 28 biological processes, notably higher hemostasis in young platelets whilst apoptosis and senescence were higher in old platelets. Further studies confirmed platelet ageing was linked to a decrease in cytoskeletal protein and associated capability to spread and adhere, a reduction in mitochondria number, and lower calcium dynamics and granule secretion. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate changes in protein content are linked to alterations in function as platelets age. This work delineates physical and functional changes in platelets as they age and serves as a base to examine differences associated with altered mean age of platelet populations in conditions such as immune thrombocytopenia and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harriet E. Allan
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Melissa A. Hayman
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simone Marcone
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Melissa V. Chan
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew L. Edin
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Tania Maffucci
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Abhishek Joshi
- King’s British Heart Foundation Centre, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Menke
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marilena Crescente
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Manuel Mayr
- King’s British Heart Foundation Centre, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Darryl C. Zeldin
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Paul C. Armstrong
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy D. Warner
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom
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Urra FA, Fuentes-Retamal S, Palominos C, Rodríguez-Lucart YA, López-Torres C, Araya-Maturana R. Extracellular Matrix Signals as Drivers of Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and Metabolic Plasticity of Cancer Cells During Metastasis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:751301. [PMID: 34733852 PMCID: PMC8558415 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.751301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of metabolism in tumor growth and chemoresistance has received considerable attention, however, the contribution of mitochondrial bioenergetics in migration, invasion, and metastasis is recently being understood. Migrating cancer cells adapt their energy needs to fluctuating changes in the microenvironment, exhibiting high metabolic plasticity. This occurs due to dynamic changes in the contributions of metabolic pathways to promote localized ATP production in lamellipodia and control signaling mediated by mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. Recent evidence has shown that metabolic shifts toward a mitochondrial metabolism based on the reductive carboxylation, glutaminolysis, and phosphocreatine-creatine kinase pathways promote resistance to anoikis, migration, and invasion in cancer cells. The PGC1a-driven metabolic adaptations with increased electron transport chain activity and superoxide levels are essential for metastasis in several cancer models. Notably, these metabolic changes can be determined by the composition and density of the extracellular matrix (ECM). ECM stiffness, integrins, and small Rho GTPases promote mitochondrial fragmentation, mitochondrial localization in focal adhesion complexes, and metabolic plasticity, supporting enhanced migration and metastasis. Here, we discuss the role of ECM in regulating mitochondrial metabolism during migration and metastasis, highlighting the therapeutic potential of compounds affecting mitochondrial function and selectively block cancer cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix A Urra
- Laboratorio de Plasticidad Metabólica y Bioenergética, Programa de Farmacología Molecular y Clínica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sebastián Fuentes-Retamal
- Laboratorio de Plasticidad Metabólica y Bioenergética, Programa de Farmacología Molecular y Clínica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, Chile
| | - Charlotte Palominos
- Laboratorio de Plasticidad Metabólica y Bioenergética, Programa de Farmacología Molecular y Clínica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yarcely A Rodríguez-Lucart
- Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, Chile.,Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Camila López-Torres
- Laboratorio de Plasticidad Metabólica y Bioenergética, Programa de Farmacología Molecular y Clínica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ramiro Araya-Maturana
- Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, Chile.,Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
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Acin-Perez R, Benincá C, Shabane B, Shirihai OS, Stiles L. Utilization of Human Samples for Assessment of Mitochondrial Bioenergetics: Gold Standards, Limitations, and Future Perspectives. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:949. [PMID: 34575097 PMCID: PMC8467772 DOI: 10.3390/life11090949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial bioenergetic function is a central component of cellular metabolism in health and disease. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is critical for maintaining energetic homeostasis, and impairment of mitochondrial function underlies the development and progression of metabolic diseases and aging. However, measurement of mitochondrial bioenergetic function can be challenging in human samples due to limitations in the size of the collected sample. Furthermore, the collection of samples from human cohorts is often spread over multiple days and locations, which makes immediate sample processing and bioenergetics analysis challenging. Therefore, sample selection and choice of tests should be carefully considered. Basic research, clinical trials, and mitochondrial disease diagnosis rely primarily on skeletal muscle samples. However, obtaining skeletal muscle biopsies requires an appropriate clinical setting and specialized personnel, making skeletal muscle a less suitable tissue for certain research studies. Circulating white blood cells and platelets offer a promising primary tissue alternative to biopsies for the study of mitochondrial bioenergetics. Recent advances in frozen respirometry protocols combined with the utilization of minimally invasive and non-invasive samples may provide promise for future mitochondrial research studies in humans. Here we review the human samples commonly used for the measurement of mitochondrial bioenergetics with a focus on the advantages and limitations of each sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Acin-Perez
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (C.B.); (B.S.); (O.S.S.)
- Metabolism Theme, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Cristiane Benincá
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (C.B.); (B.S.); (O.S.S.)
- Metabolism Theme, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Byourak Shabane
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (C.B.); (B.S.); (O.S.S.)
- Metabolism Theme, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Orian S. Shirihai
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (C.B.); (B.S.); (O.S.S.)
- Metabolism Theme, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Linsey Stiles
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (C.B.); (B.S.); (O.S.S.)
- Metabolism Theme, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Gaspar RS, Mansilla S, Vieira VA, da Silva LB, Gibbins JM, Castro L, Trostchansky A, Paes AMDA. The protein disulphide isomerase inhibitor CxxCpep modulates oxidative burst and mitochondrial function in platelets. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:668-674. [PMID: 34252541 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously described CxxCpep, a peptide with anti-platelet properties that inhibits peri/epicellular protein disulphide isomerase (pecPDI) by forming a mixed disulfide bond with Cys400 within the pecPDI active site. OBJECTIVES Here we sought to determine if pecPDI targeted by CxxCpep is relevant to redox mechanisms downstream of the collagen receptor GPVI in platelets. METHODS AND RESULTS Restriction of effects of CxxCpep to the platelet surface was confirmed by LC-MS/MS following cell fractionation. Platelet aggregation was measured in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) incubated with 30 μM CxxCpep or vehicle. CxxCpep inhibited collagen-induced platelet aggregation but exerted no effect in TRAP-6-stimulated platelets. PRP was incubated with DCFDA to measure oxidative burst upon platelet adhesion to collagen. Results showed that CxxCpep decreased oxidative burst in platelets adhered to immobilized collagen while the number of adherent cells was unaffected. Furthermore, flow cytometry studies using a FITC-maleimide showed that the GPVI agonist CRP stimulated an increase in free thiols on the platelet outer membrane, which was inhibited by CxxCpep. Finally, CxxCpep inhibited platelet mitochondrial respiration upon activation with collagen, but not with thrombin. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that pecPDI is a potential modulator of GPVI-mediated redox regulation mechanisms and that CxxCpep can be further exploited as a template for new antiplatelet compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato S Gaspar
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK; Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiology, Biological and Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil; Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Health Institute (InCor), University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Santiago Mansilla
- Departamento de Métodos Cuantitativos y Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay; Departamento de Bioquímica y Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Victor A Vieira
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiology, Biological and Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Ludmila B da Silva
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiology, Biological and Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program, Biological and Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Jonathan M Gibbins
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Laura Castro
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Andrés Trostchansky
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Antonio Marcus de A Paes
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiology, Biological and Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program, Biological and Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil.
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Li Y, Feng Z, Zhu L, Chen N, Wan Q, Wu J. Deletion of SDF-1 or CXCR4 regulates platelet activation linked to glucose metabolism and mitochondrial respiratory reserve. Platelets 2021; 33:536-542. [PMID: 34346843 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2021.1961713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1, also known as CXCL12) and its receptor CXCR4 have shown to play a role in the homing and engraftment of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. SDF-1 is highly expressed in platelets and involved in thrombosis formation. However, the exact roles of platelet-derived SDF-1 and CXCR4 in platelet activation and mitochondrial function have not been revealed yet. Deletion of Sdf-1 and Cxcr4 specifically in platelets decreased agonist-induced platelet aggregation and dramatically impaired thrombin-induced glucose uptake. In SDF-1-deficient and CXCR4-deficient platelets, intracellular ATP secretions were reduced when activated by the addition of thrombin. SDF-1 deficiency in platelets can impair the routine respiration during resting state and maximal capacity of the electron transfer system (ETS) during activated state. Mitochondrial respiration measurements in permeabilized platelets indicated an impaired function of the oxidative phosphorylation system in -SDF-1 or CXCR4-deficient platelets. These results suggested a novel role of the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis in modulating platelet energy metabolism and activation by regulating mitochondrial respiration, glucose uptake, and ATP production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ziqian Feng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Luochen Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ni Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qin Wan
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jianbo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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45
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Severe Trauma and Hemorrhage Leads to Platelet Dysfunction and Changes in Cyclic Nucleotides in The Rat. Shock 2021; 53:468-475. [PMID: 31090681 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rats subjected to polytrauma and hemorrhage develop a coagulopathy that is similar to acute coagulopathy of trauma in humans, and is associated with a rise in prothrombin time and a fall in clot strength. Because platelet aggregation accounts for a major proportion of clot strength, we set out to characterize the effects of polytrauma on platelet function. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized with isoflurane. Polytrauma included laparotomy and damage to 10 cm of the small intestines, right and medial liver lobes, right leg skeletal muscle, femur fracture, and hemorrhage (40% of blood volume). No resuscitation was given. Blood samples were taken before and after trauma for the measurement of impedance electrode aggregometry, and intracellular levels of cyclic adenosine and guanosine monophosphate (cAMP, cGMP), inositol trisphosphate (IP3), and adenosine and guanosine triphosphates (ATP, GTP). RESULTS Polytrauma significantly increased the response of collagen (24%) and thrombin (12%) to stimulate platelet aggregation. However, aggregation to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) or arachidonic acid (AA) was significantly decreased at 2 (52% and 46%, respectively) and 4 h (45% and 39%). Polytrauma and hemorrhage also led to a significant early rise in cAMP (101 ± 11 to 202 ± 29 pg/mL per 1,000 platelets), mirrored by a decrease in cGMP (7.8 ± 0.9 to 0.6 ± 0.5). In addition, there was a late fall in ATP (8.1 ± 0.7 to 2.2 ± 0.6 ng/mL per 1,000 platelets) and GTP (1.5 ± 0.2 to 0.3 ± 0.1). IP3 rose initially, and then fell back to baseline. CONCLUSIONS Polytrauma and hemorrhage led to a deficit in the platelet aggregation response to ADP and AA after trauma, likely due to the early rise in cAMP, and a later fall in energy substrates, and may explain the decrease in clot strength and impaired hemostasis observed after severe trauma.
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46
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Nayak MK, Ghatge M, Flora GD, Dhanesha N, Jain M, Markan KR, Potthoff MJ, Lentz SR, Chauhan AK. The metabolic enzyme pyruvate kinase M2 regulates platelet function and arterial thrombosis. Blood 2021; 137:1658-1668. [PMID: 33027814 PMCID: PMC7995287 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020007140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Very little is known about the role of metabolic regulatory mechanisms in platelet activation and thrombosis. Dimeric pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) is a crucial regulator of aerobic glycolysis that facilitates the production of lactate and metabolic reprogramming. Herein, we report that limiting PKM2 dimer formation, using the small molecule inhibitor ML265, negatively regulates lactate production and glucose uptake in human and murine stimulated platelets. Furthermore, limiting PKM2 dimer formation reduced agonist-induced platelet activation, aggregation, clot retraction, and thrombus formation under arterial shear stress in vitro in both human and murine platelets. Mechanistically, limiting PKM2 dimerization downregulated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-mediated protein kinase B or serine/threonine-specific protein kinase (Akt)/glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) signaling in human and murine platelets. To provide further evidence for the role of PKM2 in platelet function, we generated a megakaryocyte or platelet-specific PKM2-/- mutant strain (PKM2fl/flPF4Cre+). Platelet-specific PKM2-deficient mice exhibited impaired agonist-induced platelet activation, aggregation, clot retraction, and PI3K-mediated Akt/GSK3 signaling and were less susceptible to arterial thrombosis in FeCl3 injury-induced carotid- and laser injury-induced mesenteric artery thrombosis models, without altering hemostasis. Wild-type mice treated with ML265 were less susceptible to arterial thrombosis with unaltered tail bleeding times. These findings reveal a major role for PKM2 in coordinating multiple aspects of platelet function, from metabolism to cellular signaling to thrombosis, and implicate PKM2 as a potential target for antithrombotic therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manasa K Nayak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, and
| | - Madankumar Ghatge
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, and
| | - Gagan D Flora
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, and
| | - Nirav Dhanesha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, and
| | - Manish Jain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, and
| | - Kathleen R Markan
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; and
| | - Matthew J Potthoff
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; and
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA
| | - Steven R Lentz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, and
| | - Anil K Chauhan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, and
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Đukanović N, Obradović S, Zdravković M, Đurašević S, Stojković M, Tosti T, Jasnić N, Đorđević J, Todorović Z. Lipids and Antiplatelet Therapy: Important Considerations and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3180. [PMID: 33804754 PMCID: PMC8003871 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipids play an essential role in platelet functions. It is known that polyunsaturated fatty acids play a role in increasing platelet reactivity and that the prothrombotic phenotype plays a crucial role in the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events. The ongoing increase in cardiovascular diseases' incidence emphasizes the importance of research linking lipids and platelet function. In particular, the rebound phenomenon that accompanies discontinuation of clopidogrel in patients receiving dual antiplatelet therapy has been associated with changes in the lipid profile. Our many years of research underline the importance of reduced HDL values for the risk of such a rebound effect and the occurrence of thromboembolic events. Lipids are otherwise a heterogeneous group of molecules, and their signaling molecules are not deposited but formed "on-demand" in the cell. On the other hand, exosomes transmit lipid signals between cells, and the profile of such changes can be monitored by lipidomics. Changes in the lipid profile are organ-specific and may indicate new drug action targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Đukanović
- High Medical School Milutin Milanković, Crnotravska 27, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Slobodan Obradović
- Clinic of Emergency Medicine, Military Medical Academy, University of Defence, Crnotravska 27, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
- Medical Faculty of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defence, Crnotravska 27, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Zdravković
- Dr Subotića 8, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.Z.); (M.S.)
- Dr Žorža Matea bb, University Medical Centre “Bežanijska kosa”, 11070 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Siniša Đurašević
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 3, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.Ð.); (N.J.); (J.Ð.)
| | - Maja Stojković
- Dr Subotića 8, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.Z.); (M.S.)
| | - Tomislav Tosti
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Nebojša Jasnić
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 3, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.Ð.); (N.J.); (J.Ð.)
| | - Jelena Đorđević
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 3, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.Ð.); (N.J.); (J.Ð.)
| | - Zoran Todorović
- Dr Subotića 8, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.Z.); (M.S.)
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48
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Ngo ATP, Parra-Izquierdo I, Aslan JE, McCarty OJT. Rho GTPase regulation of reactive oxygen species generation and signalling in platelet function and disease. Small GTPases 2021; 12:440-457. [PMID: 33459160 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2021.1878001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are master regulators and effectors of haemostasis with increasingly recognized functions as mediators of inflammation and immune responses. The Rho family of GTPase members Rac1, Cdc42 and RhoA are known to be major components of the intracellular signalling network critical to platelet shape change and morphological dynamics, thus playing a major role in platelet spreading, secretion and thrombus formation. Initially linked to the regulation of actomyosin contraction and lamellipodia formation, recent reports have uncovered non-canonical functions of platelet RhoGTPases in the regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), where intrinsically generated ROS modulate platelet function and contribute to thrombus formation. Platelet RhoGTPases orchestrate oxidative processes and cytoskeletal rearrangement in an interconnected manner to regulate intracellular signalling networks underlying platelet activity and thrombus formation. Herein we review our current knowledge of the regulation of platelet ROS generation by RhoGTPases and their relationship with platelet cytoskeletal reorganization, activation and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh T P Ngo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Ivan Parra-Izquierdo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.,Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Joseph E Aslan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.,Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.,Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Owen J T McCarty
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
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49
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Jain
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of
Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of
Medicine. 300 George St New Haven CT 06511
| | - Tarun Tyagi
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of
Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of
Medicine. 300 George St New Haven CT 06511
| | - John Hwa
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of
Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of
Medicine. 300 George St New Haven CT 06511
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Kaczara P, Sitek B, Przyborowski K, Kurpinska A, Kus K, Stojak M, Chlopicki S. Antiplatelet Effect of Carbon Monoxide Is Mediated by NAD + and ATP Depletion. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:2376-2390. [PMID: 32787519 PMCID: PMC7505148 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.314284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Objectives: Carbon monoxide (CO) produced by haem oxygenases or released by CO-releasing molecules (CORM) affords antiplatelet effects, but the mechanism involved has not been defined. Here, we tested the hypothesis that CO–induced inhibition of human platelet aggregation is mediated by modulation of platelet bioenergetics. Approach and Results: To analyze the effects of CORM-A1 on human platelet aggregation and bioenergetics, a light transmission aggregometry, Seahorse XFe technique and liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry–based metabolomics were used. CORM-A1–induced inhibition of platelet aggregation was accompanied by the inhibition of mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis. Interestingly, specific inhibitors of these processes applied individually, in contrast to combined treatment, did not inhibit platelet aggregation considerably. A CORM-A1–induced delay of tricarboxylic acid cycle was associated with oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) depletion, compatible with the inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation. CORM-A1 provoked an increase in concentrations of proximal (before GAPDH [glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase]), but not distal glycolysis metabolites, suggesting that CO delayed glycolysis at the level of NAD+–dependent GAPDH; however, GAPDH activity was directly not inhibited. In the presence of exogenous pyruvate, CORM-A1–induced inhibition of platelet aggregation and glycolysis were lost, but were restored by the inhibition of lactate dehydrogenase, involved in cytosolic NAD+ regeneration, pointing out to the key role of NAD+ depletion in the inhibition of platelet bioenergetics by CORM-A1. Conclusions: The antiplatelet effect of CO is mediated by inhibition of mitochondrial respiration—attributed to the inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase, and inhibition of glycolysis—ascribed to cytosolic NAD+ depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Kaczara
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Sitek
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kamil Przyborowski
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Kurpinska
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kamil Kus
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marta Stojak
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Stefan Chlopicki
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
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