1
|
Li JQ, Zhang J, Chen Y, Le T, Chang MX. Coordination of oxysterol binding protein 1 and VAP-A/B modulates the generation of cholesterol and viral inclusion bodies to promote grass carp reovirus replication. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1419321. [PMID: 39081319 PMCID: PMC11286474 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1419321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Similar to other RNA viruses, grass carp reovirus, the causative agent of the hemorrhagic disease, replicates in cytoplasmic viral inclusion bodies (VIBs), orchestrated by host proteins and lipids. The host pathways that facilitate the formation and function of GCRV VIBs are poorly understood. This work demonstrates that GCRV manipulates grass carp oxysterol binding protein 1 (named as gcOSBP1) and vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein A/B (named as gcVAP-A/B), 3 components of cholesterol transport pathway, to generate VIBs. By siRNA-mediated knockdown, we demonstrate that gcOSBP1 is an essential host factor for GCRV replication. We reveal that the nonstructural proteins NS80 and NS38 of GCRV interact with gcOSBP1, and that the gcOSBP1 is recruited by NS38 and NS80 for promoting the generation of VIBs. gcOSBP1 increases the expression of gcVAP-A/B and promotes the accumulation of intracellular cholesterol. gcOSBP1 also interacts with gcVAP-A/B for forming gcOSBP1-gcVAP-A/B complexes, which contribute to enhance the accumulation of intracellular cholesterol and gcOSBP1-mediated generation of VIBs. Inhibiting cholesterol accumulation by lovastatin can completely abolish the effects of gcOSBP1 and/or gcVAP-A/B in promoting GCRV infection, suggesting that cholesterol accumulation is vital for gcOSBP1- and/or gcVAP-A/B-mediated GCRV replication. Thus, our results, which highlight that gcOSBP1 functions in the replication of GCRV via its interaction with essential viral proteins for forming VIBs and with host gcVAP-A/B, provide key molecular targets for obtaining anti-hemorrhagic disease grass carp via gene editing technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Qi Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Freshwater Fishes, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Le
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Freshwater Fishes, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ming Xian Chang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Song YJ, Zhang J, Xiao J, Feng H, Xu Z, Nie P, Chang MX. Piscine Vitamin D Receptors Vdra/Vdrb in the Absence of Vitamin D Are Utilized by Grass Carp Reovirus for Promoting Viral Replication. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0128723. [PMID: 37466438 PMCID: PMC10433867 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01287-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The vitamin D receptor (VDR) plays a pivotal role in the biological actions of vitamin D (VitD). However, little is known about the functions of VDR in the production of viral inclusion bodies (VIBs). Using a representative strain of grass carp reovirus (GCRV) genotype I, GCRV-873, we show that GCRV-873 recruits grass carp Vdrs for promoting the production of VIBs in the absence of VitD. Inhibition of cholesterol synthesis by lovastatin impairs the production of VIBs and blocks the effects of grass carp Vdrs in promoting the production of VIBs in the absence of VitD. Furthermore, grass carp Vdrs are found to form the Vdra-Vdrb heterodimer, which is vital for 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (hmgcr)-dependent cholesterol synthesis and GCRV replication. Intriguingly in the presence of VitD, grass carp Vdra but not Vdrb forms the heterodimer with the retinoid X receptor beta b (Rxrbb), which induces the transcription of those genes involved in the RIG-I-like receptor (RLR) antiviral signaling pathway for inhibiting GCRV infection. Furthermore, the VitD-activated Vdra-Vdrb heterodimer attenuates the transcription of the RLR antiviral signaling pathway induced by VitD. In the presence of VitD, a balance between the Vdra-Rxrbb heterodimers as coactivators and Vdra-Vdrb heterodimers as corepressors in affecting the transcriptional regulation of the RLR antiviral signaling pathway may eventually determine the outcome of GCRV infection. Transfection with VitD can abolish the effect of grass carp Vdrs in promoting GCRV replication in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that GCRV utilizes host Vdrs to increase hmgcr-dependent cholesterol synthesis for promoting its replication, which can be prevented by VitD treatment. IMPORTANCE Grass carp reovirus (GCRV) is the causative agent of grass carp hemorrhagic disease, which seriously harms freshwater fish. Although many positive or negative regulators of GCRV infection have been identified in teleosts, little is known about the molecular mechanisms by which GCRV utilizes host factors to generate its infectious compartments beneficial for viral replication and infection. Here, we show that in the absence of VitD, the GCRV-873 strain utilizes host vitamin D receptors Vdra/Vdrb to increase hmgcr-dependent cholesterol synthesis for promoting the production of VIBs, which are important functional sites for aquareovirus replication and assembly. The negative regulation of Vdrs during viral infection can be prevented by VitD treatment. Thus, this present work broadens understanding of the pivotal roles of Vdrs in the interaction between the host and GCRV in the absence or presence of VitD, which might provide a rational basis for developing novel anti-GCRV strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Jie Song
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Pin Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Xian Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang J, Chang MX. TBK1 Isoform Inhibits Grass Carp Reovirus Infection by Targeting the Degradation of Viral Nonstructural Proteins NS80 and NS38. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 210:191-203. [PMID: 36445692 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) undergoes alternative splicing, and the previously reported TBK1 isoforms are negative regulators of RIG-I-like receptor-mediated type I IFN production. Although a study has suggested that grass carp TBK1 has an opposite effect at high- and low-titer of grass carp reovirus (GCRV) infection, the functions of grass carp TBK1 isoforms in GCRV infection remain unclear. In this study, we show that a TBK1 isoform from grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) named as gcTBK1_tv3, which has a 1-aa difference with zebrafish TBK1_tv3, inhibits the replication and infection of GCRV both at high and low titers of infection in C. idellus kidney cells. gcTBK1_tv3 can colocalize and interact with the NS80 and NS38 proteins of GCRV. Furthermore, gcTBK1_tv3 specifically degrades the NS80 and NS38 proteins of GCRV through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Mechanistically, gcTBK1_tv3 promotes the degradation of NS80 or NS38 for K48-linked ubiquitination by targeting the Lys503 residue of NS80 or Lys328 residue of NS38, respectively, which ultimately impairs the production of cytoplasmic viral inclusion bodies and limits GCRV replication and infection. Taken together, our findings provide insight into the function of TBK1 isoform in the antiviral immune response and demonstrate that TBK1 isoform can target the nonstructural proteins of GCRV for impairing the formation of viral inclusion bodies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Xian Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; and.,Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang J, Li P, Lu R, Ouyang S, Chang MX. Structural and functional analysis of the small GTPase ARF1 reveals a pivotal role of its GTP-binding domain in controlling of the generation of viral inclusion bodies and replication of grass carp reovirus. Front Immunol 2022; 13:956587. [PMID: 36091067 PMCID: PMC9459132 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.956587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Grass carp reovirus (GCRV) is the most pathogenic double-stranded (ds) RNA virus among the isolated aquareoviruses. The molecular mechanisms by which GCRV utilizes host factors to generate its infectious compartments beneficial for viral replication and infection are poorly understood. Here, we discovered that the grass carp ADP ribosylation factor 1 (gcARF1) was required for GCRV replication since the knockdown of gcARF1 by siRNA or inhibiting its GTPase activity by treatment with brefeldin A (BFA) significantly impaired the yield of infectious viral progeny. GCRV infection recruited gcARF1 into viral inclusion bodies (VIBs) by its nonstructural proteins NS80 and NS38. The small_GTP domain of gcARF1 was confirmed to be crucial for promoting GCRV replication and infection, and the number of VIBs reduced significantly by the inhibition of gcARF1 GTPase activity. The analysis of gcARF1-GDP complex crystal structure revealed that the 27AAGKTT32 motif and eight amino acid residues (A27, G29, K30, T31, T32, N126, D129 and A160), which were located mainly within the GTP-binding domain of gcARF1, were crucial for the binding of gcARF1 with GDP. Furthermore, the 27AAGKTT32 motif and the amino acid residue T31 of gcARF1 were indispensable for the function of gcARF1 in promoting GCRV replication and infection. Taken together, it is demonstrated that the GTPase activity of gcARF1 is required for efficient replication of GCRV and that host GTPase ARF1 is closely related with the generation of VIBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Pengwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Riye Lu
- Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Songying Ouyang
- Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Ming Xian Chang, ; Songying Ouyang,
| | - Ming Xian Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Ming Xian Chang, ; Songying Ouyang,
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang J, Man Wu X, Fang Q, Bi YH, Nie P, Chang MX. Grass Carp Reovirus Nonstructural Proteins Avoid Host Antiviral Immune Response by Targeting the RLR Signaling Pathway. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 208:707-719. [PMID: 35022273 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Grass carp reovirus (GCRV) is a highly virulent RNA virus that mainly infects grass carp and causes hemorrhagic disease. The roles of nonstructural proteins NS38 and NS80 of GCRV-873 in the viral replication cycle and viral inclusion bodies have been established. However, the strategies that NS38 and NS80 used to avoid host antiviral immune response are still unknown. In this study, we report the negative regulations of NS38 and NS80 on the RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) antiviral signaling pathway and the production of IFNs and IFN-stimulated genes. First, both in the case of overexpression and GCRV infection, NS38 and NS80 inhibited the IFN promoter activation induced by RIG-I, MDA5, MAVS, TBK1, IRF3, and IRF7 and mRNA abundance of key antiviral genes involved in the RLR-mediated signaling. Second, both in the case of overexpression and GCRV infection, NS38 interacted with piscine TBK1 and IRF3, but not with piscine RIG-I, MDA5, MAVS, and TNF receptor-associated factor (TRAF) 3. Whereas NS80 interacted with piscine MAVS, TRAF3, and TBK1, but not with piscine RIG-I, MDA5, and IRF3. Finally, both in the case of overexpression and GCRV infection, NS38 inhibited the formation of the TBK1-IRF3 complex, but NS80 inhibited the formation of the TBK1-TRAF3 complex. Most importantly, NS38 and NS80 could hijack piscine TBK1 and IRF3 into the cytoplasmic viral inclusion bodies and inhibit the translocation of IRF3 into the nucleus. Collectively, all of these data demonstrate that GCRV nonstructural proteins can avoid host antiviral immune response by targeting the RLR signaling pathway, which prevents IFN-stimulated gene production and facilitates GCRV replication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao Man Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Qin Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Hong Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Pin Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Xian Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; .,Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; and.,College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang F, Guo H, Chen Q, Ruan Z, Fang Q. Endosomes and Microtubles are Required for Productive Infection in Aquareovirus. Virol Sin 2019; 35:200-211. [PMID: 31858455 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-019-00178-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Grass carp reovirus (GCRV), the genus Aquareovirus in family Reoviridae, is viewed as the most pathogenic aquareovirus. To understand the molecular mechanism of how aquareovirus initiates productive infection, the roles of endosome and microtubule in cell entry of GCRV are investigated by using quantum dots (QDs)-tracking in combination with biochemical approaches. We found that GCRV infection and viral protein synthesis were significantly inhibited by pretreating host cells with endosome acidification inhibitors NH4Cl, chloroquine and bafilomycin A1 (Bafi). Confocal images indicated that GCRV particles could colocalize with Rab5, Rab7 and lysosomes in host cells. Further ultrastructural examination validated that viral particle was found in late endosomes. Moreover, disruption of microtubules with nocodazole clearly blocked GCRV entry, while no inhibitory effects were observed with cytochalasin D treated cells in viral infection, hinting that intracellular transportation of endocytic uptake in GCRV infected cells is via microtubules but not actin filament. Notably, viral particles were observed to transport along microtubules by using QD-labeled GCRV. Altogether, our results suggest that GCRV can use endosomes and microtubules to initiate productive infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fuxian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Wuhan Center for Animal Diseases Prevention and Control, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Hong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qingxiu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zheng Ruan
- Wuhan Center for Animal Diseases Prevention and Control, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qin Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Identification of a potential transcriptional regulator encoded by grass carp reovirus. Arch Virol 2019; 164:1393-1404. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-019-04204-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
|
8
|
Zhang J, Guo H, Zhang F, Chen Q, Chang M, Fang Q. NS38 is required for aquareovirus replication via interaction with viral core proteins and host eIF3A. Virology 2019; 529:216-225. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2019.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
9
|
Yu F, Wang L, Li W, Lu L. Identification of a novel membrane-associated protein from the S7 segment of grass carp reovirus. J Gen Virol 2019; 100:369-379. [PMID: 30688636 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquareovirus is a genus of viruses in family Reoviridae, subfamily Spinareovirinae, members of which infect fish, shellfish and crustaceans. Grass carp reovirus (GCRV), a genotype 1 reovirus isolated from grass carp, has served as a model strain for investigating aquareovirus-host interactions. Herein, we report a neglected open reading frame (ORF), tentatively named NS12, residing between NS16 and NS31 in segment 7 (S7) of the virus genome. With an additional reading frame, the nucleotide sequence of NS12 partially overlaps with the 3' expressible nucleotide sequence of NS16. NS12 is not a pseudogene during virus replication, as confirmed in fish cells infected with GCRV and based on amino acid sequence analysis and protein expression pattern. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that NS12 is a transmembrane protein, which was confirmed by its exclusive presence in the membrane-associated fraction of the cell lysate. However, unlike fusion protein NS16, NS12 alone could not induce visible syncytium formation in fish cells. Thus, NS12 is functionally distinct from known aquareovirus membrane-associated protein NS16. NS12-like ORFs (with an AUG or non-AUG initiator codon) are also present in the S7 segment of other aquareoviruses, suggesting that NS12 homologues may be widely distributed in the genus Aquareovirus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yu
- 1National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Longlong Wang
- 2Key Laboratory of Agriculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Wanjuan Li
- 3National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Fishery Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Liqun Lu
- 1National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Identification of the caveolae/raft-mediated endocytosis as the primary entry pathway for aquareovirus. Virology 2018; 513:195-207. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2017.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
11
|
Guo H, Zhang J, Wang Y, Bu C, Zhou Y, Fang Q. Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Lysine Acetylation in Fish CIK Cells Infected with Aquareovirus. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2419. [PMID: 29135940 PMCID: PMC5713387 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) is an important worldwide commercial freshwater culture species. However, grass carp reovirus (GCRV) causes serious hemorrhagic disease in fingerlings and yearlings of fishes. To understand the molecular pathogenesis of host cells during GCRV infection, intensive proteomic quantification analysis of lysine acetylation in Ctenopharyngodon idella kidney (CIK) cells was performed. Using dimethylation labeling-based quantitative proteomics, 832 acetylated proteins with 1391 lysine acetylation sites were identified in response to GCRV infection, among which 792 proteins with 1323 sites were quantifiable. Bioinformatics analysis showed that differentially expressed lysine acetylated proteins are involved in diverse cellular processes and associated with multifarious functions, suggesting that extensive intracellular activities were changed upon viral infection. In addition, extensive alterations on host-protein interactions at the lysine acetylation level were also detected. Further biological experiments showed that the histone deacetylases (HDAC) inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) could significantly suppress the GCRV replication. To our knowledge, this is the first to reveal the proteome-wide changes in host cell acetylome with aquatic virus infection. The results provided in this study laid a basis for further understanding the host response to aquareovirus infection in the post-translational modification aspect by regulating cell lysine acetylation conducive to viral replication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Yaping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Chen Bu
- Jingjie PTM BioLab (Hangzhou) Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Yanyan Zhou
- Jingjie PTM BioLab (Hangzhou) Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Qin Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Haatveit HM, Wessel Ø, Markussen T, Lund M, Thiede B, Nyman IB, Braaen S, Dahle MK, Rimstad E. Viral Protein Kinetics of Piscine Orthoreovirus Infection in Atlantic Salmon Blood Cells. Viruses 2017; 9:E49. [PMID: 28335455 PMCID: PMC5371804 DOI: 10.3390/v9030049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Piscine orthoreovirus (PRV) is ubiquitous in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and the cause of heart and skeletal muscle inflammation. Erythrocytes are important target cells for PRV. We have investigated the kinetics of PRV infection in salmon blood cells. The findings indicate that PRV causes an acute infection of blood cells lasting 1-2 weeks, before it subsides into persistence. A high production of viral proteins occurred initially in the acute phase which significantly correlated with antiviral gene transcription. Globular viral factories organized by the non-structural protein µNS were also observed initially, but were not evident at later stages. Interactions between µNS and the PRV structural proteins λ1, µ1, σ1 and σ3 were demonstrated. Different size variants of µNS and the outer capsid protein µ1 appeared at specific time points during infection. Maximal viral protein load was observed five weeks post cohabitant challenge and was undetectable from seven weeks post challenge. In contrast, viral RNA at a high level could be detected throughout the eight-week trial. A proteolytic cleavage fragment of the µ1 protein was the only viral protein detectable after seven weeks post challenge, indicating that this µ1 fragment may be involved in the mechanisms of persistent infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Merethe Haatveit
- Department of Food Safety and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 0454 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Øystein Wessel
- Department of Food Safety and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 0454 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Turhan Markussen
- Department of Food Safety and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 0454 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Morten Lund
- Department of Immunology, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, 0454 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Bernd Thiede
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Ingvild Berg Nyman
- Department of Food Safety and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 0454 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Stine Braaen
- Department of Food Safety and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 0454 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Maria Krudtaa Dahle
- Department of Immunology, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, 0454 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Espen Rimstad
- Department of Food Safety and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 0454 Oslo, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chen Q, Zhang J, Zhang F, Guo H, Fang Q. Identification and characterization of two cleavage fragments from the Aquareovirus nonstructural protein NS80. Virol Sin 2016; 31:314-23. [PMID: 27279144 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-016-3723-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquareovirus species vary with respect to pathogenicity, and the nonstructural protein NS80 of aquareoviruses has been implicated in the regulation of viral replication and assembly, which can form viral inclusion bodies (VIBs) and recruit viral proteins to its VIBs in infected cells. NS80 consists of 742 amino acids with a molecular weight of approximately 80 kDa. Interestingly, a short specific fragment of NS80 has also been detected in infected cells. In this study, an approximately 58-kDa product of NS80 was confirmed in various infected and transfected cells by immunoblotting analyses using α-NS80C. Mutational analysis and time course expression assays indicated that the accumulation of the 58-kDa fragment was related to time and infection dose, suggesting that the fragment is not a transient intermediate of protein degradation. Moreover, another smaller fragment with a molecular mass of approximately 22 kDa was observed in transfected and infected cells by immunoblotting with a specific anti-FLAG monoclonal antibody or α-NS80N, indicating that the 58- kDa polypeptide is derived from a specific cleavage site near the amino terminus of NS80. Additionally, different subcellular localization patterns were observed for the 22-kDa and 58-kDa fragments in an immunofluorescence analysis, implying that the two cleavage fragments of NS80 function differently in the viral life cycle. These results provide a basis for additional studies of the role of NS80 played in replication and particle assembly of the Aquareovirus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingxiu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Fuxian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Hong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qin Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
The N-Terminal of Aquareovirus NS80 Is Required for Interacting with Viral Proteins and Viral Replication. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148550. [PMID: 26871941 PMCID: PMC4752286 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Reovirus replication and assembly occurs within viral inclusion bodies that formed in specific intracellular compartments of cytoplasm in infected cells. Previous study indicated that aquareovirus NS80 is able to form inclusion bodies, and also can retain viral proteins within its inclusions. To better understand how NS80 performed in viral replication and assembly, the functional regions of NS80 associated with other viral proteins in aquareovirus replication were investigated in this study. Deletion mutational analysis and rotavirus NSP5-based protein association platform were used to detect association regions. Immunofluorescence images indicated that different N-terminal regions of NS80 could associate with viral proteins VP1, VP4, VP6 and NS38. Further co-immunoprecipitation analysis confirmed the interaction between VP1, VP4, VP6 or NS38 with different regions covering the N-terminal amino acid (aa, 1–471) of NS80, respectively. Moreover, removal of NS80 N-terminal sequences required for interaction with proteins VP1, VP4, VP6 or NS38 not only prevented the capacity of NS80 to support viral replication in NS80 shRNA-based replication complementation assays, but also inhibited the expression of aquareovirus proteins, suggesting that N-terminal regions of NS80 are necessary for viral replication. These results provided a foundational basis for further understanding the role of NS80 in viral replication and assembly during aquareovirus infection.
Collapse
|
15
|
Szunerits S, Barras A, Khanal M, Pagneux Q, Boukherroub R. Nanostructures for the Inhibition of Viral Infections. Molecules 2015; 20:14051-81. [PMID: 26247927 PMCID: PMC6332336 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200814051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Multivalent interactions are omnipresent in biology and confer biological systems with dramatically enhanced affinities towards different receptors. Such multivalent binding interactions have lately been considered for the development of new therapeutic strategies against bacterial and viral infections. Multivalent polymers, dendrimers, and liposomes have successfully targeted pathogenic interactions. While a high synthetic effort was often needed for the development of such therapeutics, the integration of multiple ligands onto nanostructures turned to be a viable alternative. Particles modified with multiple ligands have the additional advantage of creating a high local concentration of binding molecules. This review article will summarize the different nanoparticle-based approaches currently available for the treatment of viral infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Szunerits
- Institute of Electronics, Microelectronics and Nanotechnology (IEMN), UMR 8520 CNRS, Lille1 University, Avenue Poincaré-BP 60069, 59652 Villeneuve d\'Ascq, France.
| | - Alexandre Barras
- Institute of Electronics, Microelectronics and Nanotechnology (IEMN), UMR 8520 CNRS, Lille1 University, Avenue Poincaré-BP 60069, 59652 Villeneuve d\'Ascq, France.
| | - Manakamana Khanal
- Institute of Electronics, Microelectronics and Nanotechnology (IEMN), UMR 8520 CNRS, Lille1 University, Avenue Poincaré-BP 60069, 59652 Villeneuve d\'Ascq, France.
| | - Quentin Pagneux
- Institute of Electronics, Microelectronics and Nanotechnology (IEMN), UMR 8520 CNRS, Lille1 University, Avenue Poincaré-BP 60069, 59652 Villeneuve d\'Ascq, France.
| | - Rabah Boukherroub
- Institute of Electronics, Microelectronics and Nanotechnology (IEMN), UMR 8520 CNRS, Lille1 University, Avenue Poincaré-BP 60069, 59652 Villeneuve d\'Ascq, France.
| |
Collapse
|