1
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Cho YH, Seo TB. The role of walking exercise on axonal regrowth and neuropathic pain markers in dorsal root ganglion after sciatic nerve injury. J Exerc Rehabil 2023; 19:320-326. [PMID: 38188130 PMCID: PMC10766449 DOI: 10.12965/jer.2346522.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether walking exercise can regulate the expression level of neuropathic pain- and inflammatory response markers in the ipsilateral lumbar 4 to 6 dorsal root ganglion neurons after sciatic nerve injury (SNI). The experimental rats were randomly divided into seven groups: the normal control group, sedentary groups for 3, 7, and, 14 days postinjury (dpi), and walking exercise groups for 3, 7, and 14 dpi. Western blot techniques were used to evaluate specific neuropathic pain- and cytokine markers and mechanical allodynia was confirmed by paw withdrawal test. Mechanical allodynia was significantly improved in the walking exercise group compared to the sedentary group at all 7, 10, and 14 dpi. Furthermore, growth associated protein 43 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels were significantly increased in the walking exercise groups compared to the sedentary group at all 3, 7, and 14 dpi. Conversely, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor α, calcitonin gene-related peptide, and c-Fos expression levels were significantly decreased in the walking exercise groups compared to the sedentary group at all 3, 7, and 14 dpi. These findings suggest meaningful information that aggressive rehabilitation walking exercise applied early after SNI might be improve mechanical allodynia, neuropathic pain and inflammatory response markers following SNI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong-Hyun Cho
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Natural Science, Jeju National University, Jeju,
Korea
| | - Tae-Beom Seo
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Natural Science, Jeju National University, Jeju,
Korea
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2
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Hecht JT, Veerisetty AC, Patra D, Hossain MG, Chiu F, Mobed C, Gannon FH, Posey KL. Early Resveratrol Treatment Mitigates Joint Degeneration and Dampens Pain in a Mouse Model of Pseudoachondroplasia (PSACH). Biomolecules 2023; 13:1553. [PMID: 37892235 PMCID: PMC10605626 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudoachondroplasia (PSACH), a severe dwarfing condition associated with early-onset joint degeneration and lifelong joint pain, is caused by mutations in cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP). The mechanisms underlying the mutant-COMP pathology have been defined using the MT-COMP mouse model of PSACH that has the common D469del mutation. Mutant-COMP protein does not fold properly, and it is retained in the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER) of chondrocytes rather than being exported to the extracellular matrix (ECM), driving ER stress that stimulates oxidative stress and inflammation, driving a self-perpetuating cycle. CHOP (ER stress signaling protein) and TNFα inflammation drive high levels of mTORC1 signaling, shutting down autophagy and blocking ER clearance, resulting in premature loss of chondrocytes that negatively impacts linear growth and causes early joint degeneration in MT-COMP mice and PSACH. Previously, we have shown that resveratrol treatment from birth to 20 weeks prevents joint degeneration and decreases the pathological processes in articular chondrocytes. Resveratrol's therapeutic mechanism of action in the mutant-COMP pathology was shown to act by primarily stimulating autophagy and reducing inflammation. Importantly, we demonstrated that MT-COMP mice experience pain consistent with PSACH joint pain. Here, we show, in the MT-COMP mouse, that resveratrol treatment must begin within 4 weeks to preserve joint health and reduce pain. Resveratrol treatment started at 6 or 8 weeks (to 20 weeks) was not effective in preventing joint degeneration. Collectively, our findings in MT-COMP mice show that there is a postnatal resveratrol treatment window wherein the inevitable mutant-COMP joint degeneration and pain can be prevented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline T. Hecht
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.T.H.); (A.C.V.); (M.G.H.); (F.C.)
| | - Alka C. Veerisetty
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.T.H.); (A.C.V.); (M.G.H.); (F.C.)
| | - Debabrata Patra
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;
| | - Mohammad G. Hossain
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.T.H.); (A.C.V.); (M.G.H.); (F.C.)
| | - Frankie Chiu
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.T.H.); (A.C.V.); (M.G.H.); (F.C.)
| | - Claire Mobed
- Department of Biology, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA;
| | - Francis H. Gannon
- Departments of Pathology and Immunology and Orthopedic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Karen L. Posey
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.T.H.); (A.C.V.); (M.G.H.); (F.C.)
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3
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Sleijser-Koehorst MLS, Koop MA, Coppieters MW, Lutke Schipholt IJ, Radisic N, Hooijmans CR, Scholten-Peeters GGM. The effects of aerobic exercise on neuroimmune responses in animals with traumatic peripheral nerve injury: a systematic review with meta-analyses. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:104. [PMID: 37138291 PMCID: PMC10155410 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02777-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing pre-clinical evidence suggests that aerobic exercise positively modulates neuroimmune responses following traumatic nerve injury. However, meta-analyses on neuroimmune outcomes are currently still lacking. This study aimed to synthesize the pre-clinical literature on the effects of aerobic exercise on neuroimmune responses following peripheral nerve injury. METHODS MEDLINE (via Pubmed), EMBASE and Web of Science were searched. Controlled experimental studies on the effect of aerobic exercise on neuroimmune responses in animals with a traumatically induced peripheral neuropathy were considered. Study selection, risk of bias assessment and data extraction were performed independently by two reviewers. Results were analyzed using random effects models and reported as standardized mean differences. Outcome measures were reported per anatomical location and per class of neuro-immune substance. RESULTS The literature search resulted in 14,590 records. Forty studies were included, reporting 139 comparisons of neuroimmune responses at various anatomical locations. All studies had an unclear risk of bias. Compared to non-exercised animals, meta-analyses showed the following main differences in exercised animals: (1) in the affected nerve, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were lower (p = 0.003), while insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) (p < 0.001) and Growth Associated Protein 43 (GAP43) (p = 0.01) levels were higher; (2) At the dorsal root ganglia, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/BDNF mRNA levels (p = 0.004) and nerve growth factor (NGF)/NGF mRNA (p < 0.05) levels were lower; (3) in the spinal cord, BDNF levels (p = 0.006) were lower; at the dorsal horn, microglia (p < 0.001) and astrocyte (p = 0.005) marker levels were lower; at the ventral horn, astrocyte marker levels (p < 0.001) were higher, and several outcomes related to synaptic stripping were favorably altered; (4) brainstem 5-HT2A receptor levels were higher (p = 0.001); (5) in muscles, BDNF levels (p < 0.001) were higher and TNF-α levels lower (p < 0.05); (6) no significant differences were found for systemic neuroimmune responses in blood or serum. CONCLUSION This review revealed widespread positive modulatory effects of aerobic exercise on neuroimmune responses following traumatic peripheral nerve injury. These changes are in line with a beneficial influence on pro-inflammatory processes and increased anti-inflammatory responses. Given the small sample sizes and the unclear risk of bias of the studies, results should be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marije L S Sleijser-Koehorst
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences-Program Musculoskeletal Health, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van Der Boechorststraat 9, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Meghan A Koop
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences-Program Musculoskeletal Health, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van Der Boechorststraat 9, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michel W Coppieters
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences-Program Musculoskeletal Health, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van Der Boechorststraat 9, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane and Gold Coast, Australia
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Brisbane and Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Ivo J Lutke Schipholt
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences-Program Musculoskeletal Health, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van Der Boechorststraat 9, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Medical Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nemanja Radisic
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences-Program Musculoskeletal Health, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van Der Boechorststraat 9, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carlijn R Hooijmans
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Palliative Care (Meta Research Team), Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gwendolyne G M Scholten-Peeters
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences-Program Musculoskeletal Health, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van Der Boechorststraat 9, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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4
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Parnow A, Hafedh M, Tsunoda I, Patel DI, Baker JS, Saeidi A, Bagchi S, Sengupta P, Dutta S, Łuszczki E, Stolarczyk A, Oleksy Ł, Al Kiyumi MH, Laher I, Zouhal H. Effectiveness of exercise interventions in animal models of multiple sclerosis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1143766. [PMID: 37089595 PMCID: PMC10116993 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1143766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with an impaired immune system that severely affects the spinal cord and brain, and which is marked by progressive inflammatory demyelination. Patients with MS may benefit from exercise training as a suggested course of treatment. The most commonly used animal models of studies on MS are experimental autoimmune/allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) models. The present review intends to concisely discuss the interventions using EAE models to understand the effectiveness of exercise as treatment for MS patients and thereby provide clear perspective for future research and MS management. For the present literature review, relevant published articles on EAE animal models that reported the impacts of exercise on MS, were extracted from various databases. Existing literature support the concept that an exercise regimen can reduce the severity of some of the clinical manifestations of EAE, including neurological signs, motor function, pain, and cognitive deficits. Further results demonstrate the mechanisms of EAE suppression with information relating to the immune system, demyelination, regeneration, and exercise in EAE. The role for neurotrophic factors has also been investigated. Analyzing the existing reports, this literature review infers that EAE is a suitable animal model that can help researchers develop further understanding and treatments for MS. Besides, findings from previous animal studies supports the contention that exercise assists in ameliorating MS progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdolhossein Parnow
- Department of Sport Biological Sciences, Physical Education and Sports Sciences Faculty, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
- *Correspondence: Abdolhossein Parnow,
| | - Muthanna Hafedh
- Department of Exercise Physiology, General Directorate of Education Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
- Department of Sports Activities, College of Adm&Eco/Qurna, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
| | - Ikuo Tsunoda
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Darpan I. Patel
- School of Nursing, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Julien S. Baker
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ayoub Saeidi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Sovan Bagchi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- Sovan Bagchi,
| | - Pallav Sengupta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sulagna Dutta
- School of Medical Sciences, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai, India
| | - Edyta Łuszczki
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszów University, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Artur Stolarczyk
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Oleksy
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maisa Hamed Al Kiyumi
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Ismail Laher
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Hassane Zouhal
- University of Rennes, M2S (Laboratoire Mouvement, Sport, Santé) - EA 1274, Rennes, France
- Institute International des Sciences du Sport (2I2S), Irodouër, France
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5
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Hecht JT, Chiu F, Veerisetty A, Hossain M, Posey KL. Matrix in Medicine: Health Consequences of Mutant Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein and its relationship to abnormal growth and to joint degeneration. Matrix Biol 2023; 119:101-111. [PMID: 37001593 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2023.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), an extracellular matrix protein, has been shown to enhance proliferation and mechanical integrity in the matrix, supporting functions of the growth plate and articular cartilage. Mutations in COMP cause pseudoachondroplasia (PSACH), a severe dwarfing condition associated with premature joint degeneration and significant lifelong joint pain. The MT (mutant)-COMP mouse mimics PSACH with decreased limb growth, early joint degeneration and pain. Ablation of endoplasmic reticulum stress CHOP signaling eliminated pain and prevented joint degeneration. The health effects of mutant COMP are discussed in relation to cellular/chondrocyte stress in the growth plate, articular cartilage and nearby tissues, and the implications for therapeutic approaches. There are many similarities between osteoarthritis and mutant-COMP protein-induced joint degeneration, suggesting that the relevance of findings in the joints may extend beyond PSACH to idiopathic primary OA.
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6
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Figueiredo GSDL, Fernandes M, Atti VN, Valente SG, Roth F, Nakachima LR, dos Santos JBG, Fernandes CH. Use of aerobic treadmill exercises on nerve regeneration after sciatic nerve injury in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Acta Cir Bras 2022; 37:e370804. [PMID: 36327398 PMCID: PMC9633008 DOI: 10.1590/acb370804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Various postoperative protocols have been proposed to improve outcomes and accelerate nerve regeneration. Recently, the use of physical exercise in a post-surgical neurorraphy procedure has shown good results when started early. We experimentally investigated the hypothesis that post-operative exercise speeds up results and improves clinical and morphologic parameters. METHODS Isogenic rats were randomly divided into four groups: 1 SHAM; 2 SHAM submitted to the exercise protocol (EP); 3 Grafting of the sciatic nerve; and 4 Grafting of the sciatic nerve associated with the EP. The EP was based on aerobic activities with a treadmill, with a progressive increase in time and intensity during 6 weeks. The results were evaluated by the sciatic functional index (SFI), morphometric and morphologic analysis of nerve distal to the lesion, and the number of spinal cord motor neurons, positive to the marker Fluoro-Gold (FG), captured retrogradely through neurorraphy. RESULTS Functional analysis (SFI) did not show a statistical difference between the group grafted with (-50.94) and without exercise (-65.79) after 90 days. The motoneurons count (Spinal cord histology) also showed no diference between these groups (834.5 × 833 respectively). Although functionally there is no difference between these groups, morphometric study showed a greater density (53.62) and larger fibers (7.762) in GRAFT group. When comparing both operated groups with both SHAM groups, all values were much lower. CONCLUSIONS The experimental model that this aerobic treadmill exercises protocol did not modify nerve regeneration after sciatic nerve injury and repair with nerve graft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Santiago de Lima Figueiredo
- MD. Universidade Federal de São Paulo – Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology – Division of Hand Surgery – Sao Paulo (SP), Brazil.,Corresponding author:
- (55 11) 98386-0432
| | - Marcela Fernandes
- PhD. Universidade Federal de São Paulo – Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology – Division of Hand Surgery – Sao Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - Vinícius Neves Atti
- MD. Universidade Federal de São Paulo – Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology – Division of Hand Surgery – Sao Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - Sandra Gomes Valente
- PhD. Universidade Federal de São Paulo – Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology – Division of Hand Surgery – Sao Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - Felipe Roth
- MD. Universidade Federal de São Paulo – Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology – Division of Hand Surgery – Sao Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - Luis Renato Nakachima
- PhD. Universidade Federal de São Paulo – Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology – Division of Hand Surgery – Sao Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - João Baptista Gomes dos Santos
- PhD. Universidade Federal de São Paulo – Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology – Division of Hand Surgery – Sao Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique Fernandes
- PhD. Universidade Federal de São Paulo – Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology – Division of Hand Surgery – Sao Paulo (SP), Brazil
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7
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Cho YH, Seo TB. The timing point of exercise intervention regulates neuropathic pain-related molecules in the ipsilateral dorsal root ganglion neurons after sciatic nerve injury. J Exerc Rehabil 2022; 18:286-293. [PMID: 36420470 PMCID: PMC9650311 DOI: 10.12965/jer.2244382.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether the timing of tread-mill exercise application can control expression levels of neuropathic pain- and regeneration-related proteins in the ipsilateral lumbar 4 (L4) to 6 (L6) dorsal root ganglion cells (DRG) after sciatic nerve injury (SNI). The experimental rats were randomly divided into five groups: the normal control, SNI+sedentary (IS), exercise+SNI (EI), SNI+exercise (IE), exercise+SNI+exercise (EIE) groups. The rats in exercise groups per-formed treadmill exercise at a speed of 8 m/min for 30 min once a day during 14 days before and/or after SNI. For investigating the expression of specific neuropathic pain and regeneration-related proteins in DRG, we prepared L4 to L6 DRG in the ipsilateral side. In the quantitative analysis, growth associated protein 43 (GAP-43) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels were further increased in the ipsilateral DRG at all treadmill exercise groups than those in IS group. In the histological findings, GAP-43 was qualitatively increased IE and EIE groups than IS group at DRG. Wnt3a and β-catenin were dramatically downregulated in EIE and IE groups than IS groups. In addition, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells and tumor necrosis factor-α were significantly decreased in IE and EIE groups than IS group in the ipsilateral DRG. Our findings suggested novel information that regular low-intensity exercise before and/or after SNI might be a therapeutic and preventive approaches for relieving neuropathic pain and improving axonal elongation after peripheral nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong-Hyun Cho
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Natural Science, Jeju National University, Jeju,
Korea
| | - Tae-Beom Seo
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Natural Science, Jeju National University, Jeju,
Korea
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8
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Hasegawa M, Piriyaprasath K, Otake M, Kamimura R, Saito I, Fujii N, Yamamura K, Okamoto K. Effect of daily treadmill running exercise on masseter muscle nociception associated with social defeat stress in mice. Eur J Oral Sci 2022; 130:e12882. [DOI: 10.1111/eos.12882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mana Hasegawa
- Division of Oral Physiology Faculty of Dentistry and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata City Japan
- Division of General Dentistry and Dental Clinical Education Unit Faculty of Dentistry and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata City Japan
| | - Kajita Piriyaprasath
- Division of Oral Physiology Faculty of Dentistry and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata City Japan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry Faculty of Dentistry Naresuan University Phitsanulok Thailand
| | - Masanori Otake
- Division of Orthodontics Faculty of Dentistry and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata City Japan
| | - Rantaro Kamimura
- Division of Orthodontics Faculty of Dentistry and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata City Japan
| | - Isao Saito
- Division of Orthodontics Faculty of Dentistry and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata City Japan
| | - Noritaka Fujii
- Division of General Dentistry and Dental Clinical Education Unit Faculty of Dentistry and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata City Japan
| | - Kensuke Yamamura
- Division of Oral Physiology Faculty of Dentistry and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata City Japan
| | - Keiichiro Okamoto
- Division of Oral Physiology Faculty of Dentistry and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata City Japan
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9
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Exercise Reduces Pain Behavior and Pathological Changes in Dorsal Root Ganglia Induced by Systemic Inflammation in Mice. Neurosci Lett 2022; 778:136616. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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Townsend K, Imbert I, Eaton V, Stevenson GW, King T. Voluntary exercise blocks ongoing pain and diminishes bone remodeling while sparing protective mechanical pain in a rat model of advanced osteoarthritis pain. Pain 2022; 163:e476-e487. [PMID: 34224496 PMCID: PMC8712625 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Exercise is the most common treatment recommended by healthcare providers for the treatment of musculoskeletal pain. We examined whether voluntary running wheel exercise improves pain and bone remodeling in rats with monosodium iodoacetate-induced unilateral knee joint pain. During acquisition of wheel running before osteoarthritis (OA) treatment, rats separated into 2 groups characterized by either high or low levels of voluntary wheel running as indicated by distance and peak speed. After the induction of knee joint OA, all rats showed diminished voluntary wheel running throughout the study. Voluntary wheel running failed to alter evoked nociceptive responses evaluated as weight asymmetry or hind paw tactile thresholds at any timepoint of the study. By contrast, relief of ongoing pain was demonstrated by conditioned place preference produced by lidocaine injection into the monosodium iodoacetate-treated knee in high but not low-running rats. Both high and low voluntary runners showed diminished trabecular bone loss compared with sedentary controls. These observations indicate that both high-intensity and low-intensity exercise is beneficial in protecting against bone remodeling in advanced OA. The data suggest that similar to clinical observation, bone remodeling does not correlate with pain. In addition, these results suggest that higher intensity exercise may relieve persistent ongoing OA pain while maintaining movement-evoked nociception. The relief of ongoing pain can potentially offer significant improvement in quality of life, whereas preservation of responses to movement-evoked pain may be especially important in protecting the joint from damage because of overuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaylee Townsend
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Excellence in the Neurosciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of New England, Biddeford, ME, United States
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of New England, Biddeford, ME, United States
| | - Ian Imbert
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Excellence in the Neurosciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of New England, Biddeford, ME, United States
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of New England, Biddeford, ME, United States
| | - Victoria Eaton
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Excellence in the Neurosciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of New England, Biddeford, ME, United States
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of New England, Biddeford, ME, United States
| | - Glenn W Stevenson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Excellence in the Neurosciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of New England, Biddeford, ME, United States
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of New England, Biddeford, ME, United States
| | - Tamara King
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Excellence in the Neurosciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of New England, Biddeford, ME, United States
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of New England, Biddeford, ME, United States
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11
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Joint Degeneration in a Mouse Model of Pseudoachondroplasia: ER Stress, Inflammation, and Block of Autophagy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179239. [PMID: 34502142 PMCID: PMC8431545 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudoachondroplasia (PSACH), a short limb skeletal dysplasia associated with premature joint degeneration, is caused by misfolding mutations in cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP). Here, we define mutant-COMP-induced stress mechanisms that occur in articular chondrocytes of MT-COMP mice, a murine model of PSACH. The accumulation of mutant-COMP in the ER occurred early in MT-COMP articular chondrocytes and stimulated inflammation (TNFα) at 4 weeks, and articular chondrocyte death increased at 8 weeks while ER stress through CHOP was elevated by 12 weeks. Importantly, blockage of autophagy (pS6), the major mechanism that clears the ER, sustained cellular stress in MT-COMP articular chondrocytes. Degeneration of MT-COMP articular cartilage was similar to that observed in PSACH and was associated with increased MMPs, a family of degradative enzymes. Moreover, chronic cellular stresses stimulated senescence. Senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) may play a role in generating and propagating a pro-degradative environment in the MT-COMP murine joint. The loss of CHOP or resveratrol treatment from birth preserved joint health in MT-COMP mice. Taken together, these results indicate that ER stress/CHOP signaling and autophagy blockage are central to mutant-COMP joint degeneration, and MT-COMP mice joint health can be preserved by decreasing articular chondrocyte stress. Future joint sparing therapeutics for PSACH may include resveratrol.
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Leitzelar BN, Koltyn KF. Exercise and Neuropathic Pain: A General Overview of Preclinical and Clinical Research. SPORTS MEDICINE-OPEN 2021; 7:21. [PMID: 33751253 PMCID: PMC7984211 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-021-00307-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is a disease of the somatosensory system that is characterized by tingling, burning, and/or shooting pain. Medication is often the primary treatment, but it can be costly, thus there is an interest in understanding alternative low-cost treatments such as exercise. The following review includes an overview of the preclinical and clinical literature examining the influence of exercise on neuropathic pain. Preclinical studies support the hypothesis that exercise reduces hyperalgesia and allodynia in animal models of neuropathic pain. In human research, observational studies suggest that those who are more physically active have lower risk of developing neuropathic pain compared to those who are less active. Exercise studies suggest aerobic exercise training (e.g., 16 weeks); a combination of aerobic and resistance exercise training (e.g., 10–12 weeks); or high-intensity interval training (e.g., 15 weeks) reduces aspects of neuropathic pain such as worst pain over the past month, pain over the past 24 h, pain scores, or pain interference. However, not all measures of pain improve following exercise training (e.g., current pain, heat pain threshold). Potential mechanisms and future directions are also discussed to aid in the goal of understanding the role of exercise in the management of neuropathic pain. Future research using standardized methods to further understanding of the dose of exercise needed to manage neuropathic pain is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna N Leitzelar
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1300 University Ave., Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Kelli F Koltyn
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1300 University Ave., Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
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Lesnak JB, Sluka KA. Mechanism of exercise-induced analgesia: what we can learn from physically active animals. Pain Rep 2020; 5:e850. [PMID: 33490844 PMCID: PMC7808683 DOI: 10.1097/pr9.0000000000000850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical activity has become a first-line treatment in rehabilitation settings for individuals with chronic pain. However, research has only recently begun to elucidate the mechanisms of exercise-induced analgesia. Through the study of animal models, exercise has been shown to induce changes in the brain, spinal cord, immune system, and at the site of injury to prevent and reduce pain. Animal models have also explored beneficial effects of exercise through different modes of exercise including running, swimming, and resistance training. This review will discuss the central and peripheral mechanisms of exercise-induced analgesia through different modes, intensity, and duration of exercise as well as clinical applications of exercise with suggestions for future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph B. Lesnak
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kathleen A. Sluka
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Slivicki RA, Mali SS, Hohmann AG. Voluntary exercise reduces both chemotherapy-induced neuropathic nociception and deficits in hippocampal cellular proliferation in a mouse model of paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy. NEUROBIOLOGY OF PAIN 2019; 6:100035. [PMID: 31528755 PMCID: PMC6739464 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2019.100035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Paclitaxel treatment did not alter voluntary running activity. Voluntary running reduced mechanical and cold allodynia induced by paclitaxel. Voluntary running reduced paclitaxel-induced deficits in hippocampal cellular proliferation.
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common dose-limiting side-effect of all major chemotherapeutic agents. Here, we explored efficacy of voluntary exercise as a nonpharmacological strategy for suppressing two distinct adverse side effects of chemotherapy treatment. We evaluated whether voluntary running would suppress both neuropathic pain and deficits in hippocampal cell proliferation in a mouse model of CIPN induced by the taxane chemotherapeutic agent paclitaxel. Mice were given free access to running wheels or were housed without running wheels during one of three different intervention phases: 1) during the onset (i.e. development phase) of paclitaxel-induced neuropathy, 2) prior to dosing with paclitaxel or its vehicle, or 3) following the establishment (i.e. maintenance phase) of paclitaxel-induced neuropathy. Paclitaxel treatment did not alter running wheel behavior relative to vehicle-treated animals in any study. Animals that engaged in voluntary running during the development phase of paclitaxel-induced neuropathy failed to display mechanical or cold hypersensitivities relative to sedentary control animals that did not have access to running wheels. A prior history of voluntary running delayed the onset of, but did not fully prevent, development of paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain behavior. Voluntary running reduced already established mechanical and cold allodynia induced by paclitaxel. Importantly, voluntary running did not alter mechanical or cold responsivity in vehicle-treated animals, suggesting that the observed antinociceptive effect of exercise was dependent upon the presence of the pathological pain state. In the same animals evaluated for nociceptive responding, paclitaxel also reduced cellular proliferation but not cellular survival in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, as measured by immunohistochemistry for Ki67 and BrdU expression, respectively. Voluntary running abrogated paclitaxel-induced reductions in cellular proliferation to levels observed in vehicle-treated mice and also increased BrdU expression levels irrespective of chemotherapy treatment. Our studies support the hypothesis that voluntary exercise may be beneficial in suppressing both neuropathic pain and markers of hippocampal cellular function that are impacted by toxic challenge with chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A. Slivicki
- Program in Neuroscience, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Sonali S. Mali
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Andrea G. Hohmann
- Program in Neuroscience, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
- Gill Center for Biomolecular Science, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
- Corresponding author at: Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, 1101 E 10th Street, Bloomington, IN 47405-7007, United States.
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Interleukin 1β inhibition contributes to the antinociceptive effects of voluntary exercise on ischemia/reperfusion-induced hypersensitivity. Pain 2019; 159:380-392. [PMID: 29112534 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Issues of peripheral circulation have been increasingly suggested as an underlying cause of musculoskeletal pain in many conditions, including sickle cell anemia and peripheral vascular disease. We have previously shown in our model of transient ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury of the forelimb that individual group III and IV muscle afferents display altered chemosensitivity and mechanical thresholds 1 day after injury. Functional alterations corresponded to increased evoked and spontaneous pain-related behaviors and decreased muscle strength and voluntary activity-all actions that echo clinical symptoms of ischemic myalgia. These behavioral and physiological changes appeared to originate in part from the action of increased interleukin 1β (IL1β) in the injured muscles at its upregulated IL1 receptor 1 within the dorsal root ganglion. Here, we describe that two days of voluntary wheel running prior to I/R blocks both injury-induced IL1β enhancement and the subsequent development of ischemic myalgia-like behaviors. Furthermore, the protective effects of 2 days prior exercise on the I/R-evoked increases in pain-related behaviors were also paralleled with systemic injection of the IL1 receptor antagonist during I/R. Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist treatment additionally prevented the I/R-induced changes in mechanical and chemical sensitivity of individual primary muscle afferents. Altogether, these data strengthen the evidence that transient I/R injury sensitizes group III and IV muscle afferents via increased IL1β in the muscles to stimulate ischemic myalgia development. Targeting IL1β may, therefore, be an effective treatment strategy for this insidious type of muscle pain.
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Polaski AM, Phelps AL, Kostek MC, Szucs KA, Kolber BJ. Exercise-induced hypoalgesia: A meta-analysis of exercise dosing for the treatment of chronic pain. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210418. [PMID: 30625201 PMCID: PMC6326521 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Increasing evidence purports exercise as a first-line therapeutic for the treatment of nearly all forms of chronic pain. However, knowledge of efficacious dosing respective to treatment modality and pain condition is virtually absent in the literature. The purpose of this analysis was to calculate the extent to which exercise treatment shows dose-dependent effects similar to what is seen with pharmacological treatments. METHODS A recently published comprehensive review of exercise and physical activity for chronic pain in adults was identified in May 2017. This report reviewed different physical activity and exercise interventions and their effectiveness in reducing pain severity and found overall modest effects of exercise in the treatment of pain. We analyzed this existing data set, focusing specifically on the dose of exercise intervention in these studies. We re-analyzed data from 75 studies looking at benefits of time of exercising per week, frequency of exercise per week, duration of intervention (in weeks), and estimated intensity of exercise. RESULTS Analysis revealed a significant positive correlation with exercise duration and analgesic effect on neck pain. Multiple linear regression modeling of these data predicted that increasing the frequency of exercise sessions per week is most likely to have a positive effect on chronic pain patients. DISCUSSION Modest effects were observed with one significant correlation between duration and pain effect for neck pain. Overall, these results provide insufficient evidence to conclude the presence of a strong dose effect of exercise in pain, but our modeling data provide tes predictions that can be used to design future studies to explicitly test the question of dose in specific patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M. Polaski
- Department of Biological Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Chronic Pain Research Consortium, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Amy L. Phelps
- Chronic Pain Research Consortium, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Palumbo Donahue School of Business, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Matthew C. Kostek
- Chronic Pain Research Consortium, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Physical Therapy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Kimberly A. Szucs
- Chronic Pain Research Consortium, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Benedict J. Kolber
- Department of Biological Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Chronic Pain Research Consortium, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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Dorsey SG, Resnick BM, Renn CL. Precision Health: Use of Omics to Optimize Self-Management of Chronic Pain in Aging. Res Gerontol Nurs 2018; 11:7-13. [PMID: 29370441 DOI: 10.3928/19404921-20171128-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Chronic pain has become a public health epidemic based on the number of Americans affected and its associated health care costs. Unfortunately, there are few efficacious treatments to manage chronic pain and as the population of older adults and centenarians who are at high risk for chronic pain continues to grow, the chronic pain epidemic will continue to worsen unless new therapeutic strategies are discovered. In the current era of precision medicine, there is a major emphasis being placed on the use of self-management and omics to discover new therapeutic targets and design treatment strategies that are tailored to the individual patient. This commentary discusses the current state of the science related to omics and self-management of chronic pain in older adults, the role of gerontological nurses in this process, and future directions. [Res Gerontol Nurs. 2018; 11(1):7-13.].
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Physical activity is increasingly recommended for chronic pain. In this review, we briefly survey recent, high-quality meta-analyses on the effects of exercise in human chronic pain populations, followed by a critical discussion of the rodent literature. RECENT FINDINGS Most meta-analytical studies on the effects of exercise in human chronic pain populations describe moderate improvements in various types of chronic pain, despite substantial variability in the outcomes reported in the primary literature. The most consistent findings suggest that while greater adherence to exercise programs produces better outcomes, there is minimal support for the superiority of one type of exercise over another. The rodent literature similarly suggests that while regular exercise reduces hypersensitivity in rodent models of chronic pain, exercise benefits do not appear to relate to either the type of injury or any particular facet of the exercise paradigm. Potential factors underlying these results are discussed, including the putative involvement of stress-induced analgesic effects associated with certain types of exercise paradigms. Exercise research using rodent models of chronic pain would benefit from increased attention to the role of stress in exercise-induced analgesia, as well as the incorporation of more clinically relevant exercise paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Henry Pitcher
- Pain and Integrative Neuroscience Laboratory, National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Room 1E-420, 35A Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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20
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Tai LW, Yeung SC, Cheung CW. Enriched Environment and Effects on Neuropathic Pain: Experimental Findings and Mechanisms. Pain Pract 2018; 18:1068-1082. [PMID: 29722923 DOI: 10.1111/papr.12706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain inflicts tremendous biopsychosocial suffering for patients worldwide. However, safe and effective treatment of neuropathic pain is a prominent unmet clinical need. Environmental enrichment (EE) is an emerging cost-effective nonpharmacological approach to alleviate neuropathic pain and complement rehabilitation care. We present here a review of preclinical studies in ascertaining the efficacy of EE for neuropathic pain. Their proposed mechanisms, including the suppression of ascending nociceptive signaling to the brain, enhancement of the descending inhibitory system, and neuroprotection of the peripheral and central nervous systems, may collectively reduce pain perception and improve somatic and emotional functioning in neuropathic pain. The current evidence offers critical insights for future preclinical research and the translational application of EE in clinical pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Wai Tai
- Laboratory and Clinical Research Institute for Pain, Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China.,Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Sung Ching Yeung
- Laboratory and Clinical Research Institute for Pain, Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China.,Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Chi Wai Cheung
- Laboratory and Clinical Research Institute for Pain, Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China.,Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China.,Research Centre of Heart, Brain, Hormone & Healthy Aging, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China
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21
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Moreira VM, da Silva Franco CC, Prates KV, Gomes RM, de Moraes AMP, Ribeiro TA, Martins IP, Previate C, Pavanello A, Matiusso CCI, Almeida DL, Francisco FA, Malta A, Tófolo LP, da Silva Silveira S, Saavedra LPJ, Machado K, da Silva PHO, Fabrício GS, Palma-Rigo K, de Souza HM, de Fátima Silva F, Biazi GR, Pereira TS, Vieira E, Miranda RA, de Oliveira JC, da Costa Lima LD, Rinaldi W, Ravanelli MI, de Freitas Mathias PC. Aerobic Exercise Training Attenuates Tumor Growth and Reduces Insulin Secretion in Walker 256 Tumor-Bearing Rats. Front Physiol 2018; 9:465. [PMID: 29867528 PMCID: PMC5953341 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aerobic exercise training can improve insulin sensitivity in many tissues; however, the relationship among exercise, insulin, and cancer cell growth is unclear. We tested the hypothesis that aerobic exercise training begun during adolescence can attenuate Walker 256 tumor growth in adult rats and alter insulin secretion. Thirty-day-old male Wistar rats engaged in treadmill running for 8 weeks, 3 days/week, 44 min/day, at 55-65% VO2max until they were 90 days old (TC, Trained Control). An equivalently aged group was kept inactive during the same period (SC, Sedentary Control). Then, half the animals of the SC and TC groups were reserved as the control condition and the other half were inoculated with Walker 256 cancer cells, yielding two additional groups (Sedentary Walker and Trained Walker). Zero mortalities were observed in tumor-bearing rats. Body weight (BW), food intake, plasma glucose, insulin levels, and peripheral insulin sensitivity were analyzed before and after tumor cell inoculation. We also evaluated tumor growth, metastasis and cachexia. Isolated pancreatic islets secretory activity was analyzed. In addition, we evaluated mechanic sensibility. Our results showed improved physical performance according to the final workload and VO2max and reduced BW in trained rats at the end of the running protocol. Chronic adaptation to the aerobic exercise training decreased tumor weight, cachexia and metastasis and were associated with low glucose and insulin levels and high insulin sensitivity before and after tumor cell inoculation. Aerobic exercise started at young age also reduced pancreatic islet insulin content and insulin secretion in response to a glucose stimulus, without impairing islet morphology in trained rats. Walker 256 tumor-bearing sedentary rats also presented reduced pancreatic islet insulin content, without changing insulin secretion through isolated pancreatic islets. The mechanical sensitivity test indicated that aerobic exercise training did not cause injury or trigger inflammatory processes prior to tumor cell inoculation. Taken together, the current study suggests that aerobic exercise training applied during adolescence may mitigate tumor growth and related disorders in Walker 256 tumor-bearing adult rats. Improved insulin sensibility, lower glucose and insulin levels and/or reduced insulin secretion stimulated by glucose may be implicated in this tumor attenuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veridiana Mota Moreira
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, Ingá University Center, UNINGÁ, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | - Kelly Valério Prates
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Mello Gomes
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Praxedes de Moraes
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Tatiane Aparecida Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Isabela Peixoto Martins
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Carina Previate
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Audrei Pavanello
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Camila Cristina Ianoni Matiusso
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Douglas Lopes Almeida
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Flávio Andrade Francisco
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Ananda Malta
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Laize Peron Tófolo
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Cacoal, Cacoal, Brazil
| | - Sandra da Silva Silveira
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Lucas Paulo Jacinto Saavedra
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Katia Machado
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Olivieri da Silva
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Gabriel S. Fabrício
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Kesia Palma-Rigo
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Taís Susane Pereira
- Laboratory of Microorganisms Genetics and Mutagenesis, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Elaine Vieira
- Post-Graduate Program of Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília, Águas Claras, Brazil
| | - Rosiane Aparecida Miranda
- Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Roberto Alcântara Gomes Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Delmar da Costa Lima
- Superior School of Physical Education and Physical Therapy of Goiás State, State University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Wilson Rinaldi
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Cezar de Freitas Mathias
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
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Rahmati-Ahmadabad S, Azarbayjani M, Nasehi M. The Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training with Supplementation of Flaxseed Oil on BDNF mRNA Expression and Pain Feeling in Male Rats. ANNALS OF APPLIED SPORT SCIENCE 2017; 5:1-12. [DOI: 10.29252/aassjournal.5.4.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
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Sheahan TD, Siuda ER, Bruchas MR, Shepherd AJ, Mohapatra DP, Gereau RW, Golden JP. Inflammation and nerve injury minimally affect mouse voluntary behaviors proposed as indicators of pain. NEUROBIOLOGY OF PAIN 2017; 2:1-12. [PMID: 29075674 PMCID: PMC5653321 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation suppressed wheel running and locomotion, and impaired gait in mice. Nerve injury gave rise to gait deficits that are likely motor-, not pain-related. Changes in wheel running or gait were unrelated to the degree of hypersensitivity. Neither inflammation nor nerve injury altered social interactions or anxiety-like behavior.
It has been suggested that the lack of rodent behavioral assays that represent the complexities of human pain contributes to the poor translational record of basic pain research findings. Clinically, chronic pain interferes with patient mobility and physical/social activities, and increases anxiety symptoms, in turn negatively impacting quality of life. To determine whether these behaviors are similarly influenced by putative pain manipulations in rodents, we systematically evaluated wheel running, locomotion, gait, social interaction, and anxiety-like behavior in models of inflammation and nerve injury in adult C57BL6/J male mice. We demonstrate that inflammation and nerve injury differentially affect voluntary behaviors while mice are hypersensitive to mechanical stimuli. Bilateral Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA)-induced inflammation transiently suppressed wheel running and locomotion and also induced gait deficits. In contrast, spared nerve injury (SNI) altered gait and impaired gross motor coordination. SNI-induced gait changes were not reversed by the analgesic PD123319, an angiotensin II type 2 receptor antagonist, and are therefore likely to be motor-related rather than pain-related. Neither CFA nor SNI significantly altered social interaction or elicited general anxiety-like behavior. Our findings suggest that in contrast to humans, mobility and physical/social activities are minimally altered, if at all, in mice following inflammation or nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayler D Sheahan
- Washington University Pain Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America.,Washington University Program in Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Edward R Siuda
- Washington University Pain Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America.,Washington University Program in Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Michael R Bruchas
- Washington University Pain Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Andrew J Shepherd
- Washington University Pain Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Durga P Mohapatra
- Washington University Pain Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Robert W Gereau
- Washington University Pain Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Judith P Golden
- Washington University Pain Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
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Whitehead RA, Lam NL, Sun MS, Sanchez J, Noor S, Vanderwall AG, Petersen TR, Martin HB, Milligan ED. Chronic Sciatic Neuropathy in Rat Reduces Voluntary Wheel-Running Activity With Concurrent Chronic Mechanical Allodynia. Anesth Analg 2017; 124:346-355. [PMID: 27782944 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000001662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animal models of peripheral neuropathy produced by a number of manipulations are assessed for the presence of pathologic pain states such as allodynia. Although stimulus-induced behavioral assays are frequently used and important to examine allodynia (ie, sensitivity to light mechanical touch; von Frey fiber test), other measures of behavior that reflect overall function are not only complementary to stimulus-induced responsive measures, but are also critical to gain a complete understanding of the effects of the pain model on quality of life, a clinically relevant aspect of pain on general function. Voluntary wheel-running activity in rodent models of inflammatory and muscle pain is emerging as a reliable index of general function that extends beyond stimulus-induced behavioral assays. Clinically, reports of increased pain intensity occur at night, a period typically characterized with reduced activity during the diurnal cycle. We therefore examined in rats whether alterations in wheel-running activity were more robust during the inactive phase compared with the active phase of their diurnal cycle in a widely used rodent model of chronic peripheral neuropathic pain, the sciatic nerve chronic constriction injury (CCI) model. METHODS In adult male Sprague Dawley rats, baseline (BL) hindpaw threshold responses to light mechanical touch were assessed using the von Frey test before measuring BL activity levels using freely accessible running wheels (1 hour/day for 7 sequential days) to quantify the distance traveled. Running wheel activity BL values are expressed as total distance traveled (m). The overall experimental design was after BL measures, rats underwent either sham or CCI surgery followed by repeated behavioral reassessment of hindpaw thresholds and wheel-running activity levels for up to 18 days after surgery. Specifically, separate groups of rats were assessed for wheel-running activity levels (1 hour total/trial) during the onset (within first 2 hours) of either the (1) inactive (n = 8/group) or (2) active (n = 8/group) phase of the diurnal cycle. An additional group of CCI-treated rats (n = 8/group) was exposed to a locked running wheel to control for the potential effects of wheel-running exercise on allodynia. The 1-hour running wheel trial period was further examined at discrete 20-minute intervals to identify possible pattern differences in activity during the first, middle, and last portions of the 1-hour trial. The effect of neuropathy on activity levels was assessed by measuring the change from their respective BLs to distance traveled in the running wheels. RESULTS Although wheel-running distances between groups were not different at BL from rats examined during either the inactive phase of the diurnal cycle or active phase of the diurnal cycle, sciatic nerve CCI reduced running wheel activity levels compared with sham-operated controls during the inactive phase. In addition, compared with sham controls, bilateral low-threshold mechanical allodynia was observed at all time points after surgical induction of neuropathy in rats with free-wheel and locked-wheel access. Allodynia in CCI compared with shams was replicated in rats whose running wheel activity was examined during the active phase of the diurnal cycle. Conversely, no significant reduction in wheel-running activity was observed in CCI-treated rats compared with sham controls at any time point when activity levels were examined during the active diurnal phase. Finally, running wheel activity patterns within the 1-hour trial period during the inactive phase of the diurnal cycle were relatively consistent throughout each 20-minute phase. CONCLUSIONS Compared with nonneuropathic sham controls, a profound and stable reduction of running wheel activity was observed in CCI rats during the inactive phase of the diurnal cycle. A concurrent robust allodynia persisted in all rats regardless of when wheel-running activity was examined or whether they ran on wheels, suggesting that acute wheel-running activity does not alter chronic low-intensity mechanical allodynia as measured using the von Frey fiber test. Overall, these data support that acute wheel-running exercise with limited repeated exposures does not itself alter allodynia and offers a behavioral assay complementary to stimulus-induced measures of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A Whitehead
- From the Departments of *Neurosciences and †Anesthesiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
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Lima LV, Abner TSS, Sluka KA. Does exercise increase or decrease pain? Central mechanisms underlying these two phenomena. J Physiol 2017; 595:4141-4150. [PMID: 28369946 PMCID: PMC5491894 DOI: 10.1113/jp273355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise is an integral part of the rehabilitation of patients suffering a variety of chronic musculoskeletal conditions, such as fibromyalgia, chronic low back pain and myofascial pain. Regular physical activity is recommended for treatment of chronic pain and its effectiveness has been established in clinical trials for people with a variety of pain conditions. However, exercise can also increase pain making participation in rehabilitation challenging for the person with pain. Animal models of exercise-induced pain have been developed and point to central mechanisms underlying this phenomena, such as increased activation of NMDA receptors in pain-modulating areas. Meanwhile, a variety of basic science studies testing different exercise protocols, show exercise-induced analgesia involves activation of central inhibitory pathways. Opioid, serotonin and NMDA mechanisms acting in rostral ventromedial medulla promote analgesia associated with exercise. This review explores and discusses current evidence on central mechanisms underlying exercised-induced pain and analgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas V. Lima
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Pain Research ProgramUniversity of IowaIowa CityIA52242USA
| | - Thiago S. S. Abner
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Pain Research ProgramUniversity of IowaIowa CityIA52242USA
| | - Kathleen A. Sluka
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Pain Research ProgramUniversity of IowaIowa CityIA52242USA
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Resistance wheel exercise from mid-life has minimal effect on sciatic nerves from old mice in which sarcopenia was prevented. Biogerontology 2017; 18:769-790. [PMID: 28597407 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-017-9714-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The ability of resistance exercise, initiated from mid-life, to prevent age-related changes in old sciatic nerves, was investigated in male and female C57BL/6J mice. Aging is associated with cellular changes in old sciatic nerves and also loss of skeletal muscle mass and function (sarcopenia). Mature adult mice aged 15 months (M) were subjected to increasing voluntary resistance wheel exercise (RWE) over a period of 8 M until 23 M of age. This prevented sarcopenia in the old 23 M aged male and female mice. Nerves of control sedentary (SED) males at 3, 15 and 23 M of age, showed a decrease in the myelinated axon numbers at 15 and 23 M, a decreased g-ratio and a significantly increased proportion of myelinated nerves containing electron-dense aggregates at 23 M. Myelinated axon and nerve diameter, and axonal area, were increased at 15 M compared with 3 and 23 M. Exercise increased myelinated nerve profiles containing aggregates at 23 M. S100 protein, detected with immunoblotting was increased in sciatic nerves of 23 M old SED females, but not males, compared with 15 M, with no effect of exercise. Other neuronal proteins showed no significant alterations with age, gender or exercise. Overall the RWE had no cellular impact on the aging nerves, apart from an increased number of old nerves containing aggregates. Thus the relationship between cellular changes in aging nerves, and their sustained capacity for stimulation of old skeletal muscles to help maintain healthy muscle mass in response to exercise remains unclear.
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Senba E, Kami K. A new aspect of chronic pain as a lifestyle-related disease. NEUROBIOLOGY OF PAIN 2017; 1:6-15. [PMID: 31194049 PMCID: PMC6550110 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Activation of mesolimbic dopamine system underlies exercise-induced hypoalgesia. Interaction between mesolimbic system and hypothalamus determines physical activity. Changing the lifestyle inactive to active may attenuate and prevent chronic pain.
Physical exercise has been established as a low-cost, safe, and effective way to manage chronic intractable pain. We investigated the underlying mechanisms of exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH) using a mouse model of neuropathic pain (NPP). Epigenetic changes in activated microglia and maintained GABA synthesis in the spinal dorsal horn may contribute to EIH. Voluntary exercise (VE), a strong reward for animals, also induced EIH, which may be due in part to the activation of dopamine (DA) neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA). VE increases the expression of pCREB in dopaminergic neurons in the VTA, which would enhance dopamine production, and thereby contributes to the activation of the mesolimbic reward system in NPP model mice. We demonstrated that neurons in the laterodorsal tegmental and pedunculopontine tegmental nuclei, a major input source of rewarding stimuli to the VTA, were activated by exercise. Chronic pain is at least partly attributed to sedentary and inactive lifestyle as indicated by the Fear-avoidance model. Therefore, chronic pain could be recognized as a lifestyle-related disease. Physical activity/inactivity may be determined by genetic/epigenetic and neural factors encoded in our brain. The hypothalamus and reward system is closely related in the axis of food intake, energy metabolism and physical activity. Understanding the interactions between the mesolimbic DA system and the hypothalamus that sense and regulate energy balance is thus of significant importance. For example, proopiomelanocortin neurons and melanocortin 4 receptors may play a role in connecting these two systems. Therefore, in a certain sense, chronic pain and obesity may share common behavioral and neural pathology, i.e. physical inactivity, as a result of inactivation of the mesolimbic DA system. Exercise and increasing physical activity in daily life may be important in treating and preventing chronic pain, a life-style related disease.
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Key Words
- CBP, chronic low back pain
- Chronic pain
- DA, dopamine
- Dopamine
- Exercise-induced hypoalgesia
- FM, fibromyalgia
- GABA, gamma-aminobutyric acid
- HDAC, histone deacetylase
- LDT, laterodorsal tegmental nucleus
- LH, lateral hypothalamus
- LHb, lateral habenula
- Laterodorsal tegmental nucleus
- NAc, nucleus accumbens
- NPP, neuropathic pain
- PPTg, pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus
- PSL, partial sciatic nerve ligation
- Physical activity/inactivity
- RMTg, rostromedial tegmental nucleus
- TH, tyrosine hydroxylase
- TMD, temporomandibular disorder
- VTA, ventral tegmental area
- VWR, voluntary wheel running
- Ventral tegmental area
- delta FosB, delta FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral
- mPFC, medial prefrontal cortex
- pCREB, phosphorylated cyclic AMP response element-binding protein
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiko Senba
- Department of Physical Therapy, Osaka Yukioka College of Health Science, 1-1-41 Sojiji, Ibaraki-City, Osaka 567-0801, Japan.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama City, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Katsuya Kami
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama City, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
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28
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Abstract
Exercise is known to exert a systemic anti-inflammatory influence, but whether its effects are sufficient to protect against subsequent neuropathic pain is underinvestigated. We report that 6 weeks of voluntary wheel running terminating before chronic constriction injury (CCI) prevented the full development of allodynia for the ∼3-month duration of the injury. Neuroimmune signaling was assessed at 3 and 14 days after CCI. Prior exercise normalized ipsilateral dorsal spinal cord expression of neuroexcitatory interleukin (IL)-1β production and the attendant glutamate transporter GLT-1 decrease, as well as expression of the disinhibitory P2X4R-BDNF axis. The expression of the macrophage marker Iba1 and the chemokine CCL2 (MCP-1), and a neuronal injury marker (activating transcription factor 3), was attenuated by prior running in the ipsilateral lumbar dorsal root ganglia. Prior exercise suppressed macrophage infiltration and/or injury site proliferation, given decreased presence of macrophage markers Iba1, iNOS (M1), and Arg-1 (M2; expression was time dependent). Chronic constriction injury-driven increases in serum proinflammatory chemokines were suppressed by prior running, whereas IL-10 was increased. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were also stimulated with lipopolysaccharide ex vivo, wherein CCI-induced increases in IL-1β, nitrite, and IL-10 were suppressed by prior exercise. Last, unrestricted voluntary wheel running, beginning either the day of, or 2 weeks after, CCI, progressively reversed neuropathic pain. This study is the first to investigate the behavioral and neuroimmune consequences of regular exercise terminating before nerve injury. This study suggests that chronic pain should be considered a component of "the diseasome of physical inactivity," and that an active lifestyle may prevent neuropathic pain.
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Nonpharmacological Interventions in Targeting Pain-Related Brain Plasticity. Neural Plast 2017; 2017:2038573. [PMID: 28299206 PMCID: PMC5337367 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2038573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain is a highly prevalent and debilitating condition that is frequently associated with multiple comorbid psychiatric conditions and functional, biochemical, and anatomical alterations in various brain centers. Due to its widespread and diverse manifestations, chronic pain is often resistant to classical pharmacological treatment paradigms, prompting the search for alternative treatment approaches that are safe and efficacious. The current review will focus on the following themes: attentional and cognitive interventions, the role of global environmental factors, and the effects of exercise and physical rehabilitation in both chronic pain patients and preclinical pain models. The manuscript will discuss not only the analgesic efficacy of these therapies, but also their ability to reverse pain-related brain neuroplasticity. Finally, we will discuss the potential mechanisms of action for each of the interventions.
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30
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Cobianchi S, Arbat-Plana A, López-Álvarez VM, Navarro X. Neuroprotective Effects of Exercise Treatments After Injury: The Dual Role of Neurotrophic Factors. Curr Neuropharmacol 2017; 15:495-518. [PMID: 27026050 PMCID: PMC5543672 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x14666160330105132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shared connections between physical activity and neuroprotection have been studied for decades, but the mechanisms underlying this effect of specific exercise were only recently brought to light. Several evidences suggest that physical activity may be a reasonable and beneficial method to improve functional recovery in both peripheral and central nerve injuries and to delay functional decay in neurodegenerative diseases. In addition to improving cardiac and immune functions, physical activity may represent a multifunctional approach not only to improve cardiocirculatory and immune functions, but potentially modulating trophic factors signaling and, in turn, neuronal function and structure at times that may be critical for neurodegeneration and regeneration. METHODS Research content related to the effects of physical activity and specific exercise programs in normal and injured nervous system have been reviewed. RESULTS Sustained exercise, particularly if applied at moderate intensity and early after injury, exerts anti-inflammatory and pro-regenerative effects, and may boost cognitive and motor functions in aging and neurological disorders. However, newest studies show that exercise modalities can differently affect the production and function of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and other neurotrophins involved in the generation of neuropathic conditions. These findings suggest the possibility that new exercise strategies can be directed to nerve injuries with therapeutical benefits. CONCLUSION Considering the growing burden of illness worldwide, understanding of how modulation of neurotrophic factors contributes to exercise-induced neuroprotection and regeneration after peripheral nerve and spinal cord injuries is a relevant topic for research, and represents the beginning of a new non-pharmacological therapeutic approach for better rehabilitation of neural disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Cobianchi
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Ariadna Arbat-Plana
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Víctor M. López-Álvarez
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Xavier Navarro
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Bellaterra, Spain
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31
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Valtcheva MV, Copits BA, Davidson S, Sheahan TD, Pullen MY, McCall JG, Dikranian K, Gereau RW. Surgical extraction of human dorsal root ganglia from organ donors and preparation of primary sensory neuron cultures. Nat Protoc 2016; 11:1877-88. [PMID: 27606776 PMCID: PMC5082842 DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2016.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Primary cultures of rodent sensory neurons are widely used to investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in pain, itch, nerve injury and regeneration. However, translation of these preclinical findings may be greatly improved by direct validation in human tissues. We have developed an approach to extract and culture human sensory neurons in collaboration with a local organ procurement organization (OPO). Here we describe the surgical procedure for extraction of human dorsal root ganglia (hDRG) and the necessary modifications to existing culture techniques to prepare viable adult human sensory neurons for functional studies. Dissociated sensory neurons can be maintained in culture for >10 d, and they are amenable to electrophysiological recording, calcium imaging and viral gene transfer. The entire process of extraction and culturing can be completed in <7 h, and it can be performed by trained graduate students. This approach can be applied at any institution with access to organ donors consenting to tissue donation for research, and is an invaluable resource for improving translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manouela V Valtcheva
- Washington University Pain Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Neurosciences Program, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Bryan A Copits
- Washington University Pain Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Steve Davidson
- Washington University Pain Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Tayler D Sheahan
- Washington University Pain Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Neurosciences Program, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Melanie Y Pullen
- Washington University Pain Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Developmental, Regenerative, and Stem Cell Biology Program, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jordan G McCall
- Washington University Pain Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Krikor Dikranian
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Robert W Gereau
- Washington University Pain Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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32
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Kami K, Tajima F, Senba E. Exercise-induced hypoalgesia: potential mechanisms in animal models of neuropathic pain. Anat Sci Int 2016; 92:79-90. [DOI: 10.1007/s12565-016-0360-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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