1
|
He J, Ma X, Zhang J, Yang YP, Qin H, Chen H, Wei S, Li F, Wang J, Liang G, Zou Y. Manganese-induced neurological pyroptosis: Unveiling the mechanism through the ROS activaed Caspase-3/GSDME signaling pathway. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 184:114322. [PMID: 38056821 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential micronutrient in maintaining homeostasis in the human body, while excessive Mn exposure can lead to neurological disorders. To investigate whether there is an association between elevated ROS and pyroptosis caused by Mn exposure using both in vitro and in vivo models. We exposed BV2 and N2a, which represent microglial cells and Neuroblastoma cells in the brain, respectively, to different concentrations of Mn for 24 h. Following Mn exposure, we assessed cell morphology, levels of lactate dehydrogenase, and cellular ROS levels. C57BL/6 male mice were exposed to 0-100 mg/kg MnCl2·4H2O for 12 weeks through gavage. The expression level of pyroptosis proteins including caspase3 and GSDME in the hippocampus was examined. We found that Mn exposure resulted in elevated levels of cellular ROS and protein expression of Caspase3 and GSDME in both N2a and BV2 cells. The pyroptosis levels were blunted by either inhibiting Caspase3 expression or ROS production. In the in vivo model, protein levels of Caspase3 and GSDME also increased dependent of Mn concentrations. These findings suggested that neuronal pyroptosis induced by Mn exposure may occur through the ROS-stimulated Caspase3-GSDME pathway. Moreover, utilizing inhibitors targeting Caspase3 or ROS may provide protection against Mn-induced toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng He
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environment and Health Research, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environment and Health Research, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China; Emergency Response Office, Nanning Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yi-Ping Yang
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Huiyan Qin
- Institute of Hygiene Toxicology and Functional Testing, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Shengtao Wei
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Fangfei Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Guiqiang Liang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yunfeng Zou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environment and Health Research, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Krishnapriya TK, Deepti A, Chakrapani PSB, Asha AS, Jayaraj MK. Biocompatible, Europium-Doped Fluorapatite Nanoparticles as a Wide-Range pH Sensor. J Fluoresc 2023:10.1007/s10895-023-03461-3. [PMID: 37831354 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03461-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
The development of a simple, biocompatible, pH sensor with a wide range of detection, using a single fluorescent probe is highly important in the medical field for the early detection of diseases related to the pH change of tissues and body fluids. For this purpose, europium-doped fluorapatite (FAP: Eu) nanoparticles were synthesized using the coprecipitation method. Doping with the rare earth element europium (Eu) makes the non-luminescent phosphate mineral fluorapatite, luminescent. The luminous response of the sample upon dissolution in hydrochloric acid (HCl), in highly acidic to weakly basic media, makes it a potential pH sensor. A linear variation was observed with an increase in pH, in both the total intensity of emission and the R-value or the asymmetry ratio. The ratiometric pH sensing enabled by the variation in R-value makes the sensor independent of external factors. The structural, optical, and photoluminescent (PL) lifetime analysis suggests a particle size-dependent pH sensing mechanism with the changes in the coordinated water molecules around the Eu3+ ion in the nanoparticle. Given its exceptional biocompatibility and pH-dependent fluorescence intensity for a wide range of pH from 0.83 to 8.97, the probe can be used as a potential candidate for pH sensing of biological fluid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T K Krishnapriya
- Nanomaterials for Emerging Solid-state Technology (NEST) Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, CUSAT, Kochi, 682022, India
| | - Ayswaria Deepti
- Centre for Neuroscience, Department of Biotechnology, CUSAT, Kochi, 682022, India
| | - P S Baby Chakrapani
- Centre for Neuroscience, Department of Biotechnology, CUSAT, Kochi, 682022, India
- Centre of Excellence in Advanced Materials, CUSAT, Kochi, 682022, India
| | - A S Asha
- Nanomaterials for Emerging Solid-state Technology (NEST) Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, CUSAT, Kochi, 682022, India.
- Centre of Excellence in Advanced Materials, CUSAT, Kochi, 682022, India.
- Inter-University Centre for Nanomaterials and Devices, CUSAT, Kochi, 682022, India.
| | - M K Jayaraj
- University of Calicut, Malappuram, 673635, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gorji AE, Ostaszewski P, Urbańska K, Sadkowski T. Does β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate Have Any Potential to Support the Treatment of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy in Humans and Animals? Biomedicines 2023; 11:2329. [PMID: 37626825 PMCID: PMC10452677 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is the protein reservoir of our body and an important regulator of glucose and lipid homeostasis. The dystrophin gene is the largest gene and has a key role in skeletal muscle construction and function. Mutations in the dystrophin gene cause Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy in humans, mice, dogs, and cats. Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked neuromuscular condition causing progressive muscle weakness and premature death. β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMB) prevents deleterious muscle responses under pathological conditions, including tumor and chronic steroid therapy-related muscle losses. The use of HMB as a dietary supplement allows for increasing lean weight gain; has a positive immunostimulatory effect; is associated with decreased mortality; and attenuates sarcopenia in elderly animals and individuals. This study aimed to identify some genes, metabolic pathways, and biological processes which are common for DMD and HMB based on existing literature and then discuss the consequences of that interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdolvahab Ebrahimpour Gorji
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (A.E.G.); (P.O.)
| | - Piotr Ostaszewski
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (A.E.G.); (P.O.)
| | - Kaja Urbańska
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Sadkowski
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (A.E.G.); (P.O.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Krishnapriya TK, Prasanth S, Deepti A, Baby Chakrapani PS, Asha AS, Jayaraj MK. Ultrafast detection of folic acid in nanomolar levels and cancer cell imaging using hydrothermally synthesized carbon dots. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2023.108470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
|
5
|
Fatima S, Ali M, Quadri SN, Beg S, Samim M, Parvez S, Abdin MZ, Mishra P, Ahmad FJ. Crafting ɣ-L-Glutamyl-l-Cysteine layered Human Serum Albumin-nanoconstructs for brain targeted delivery of ropinirole to attenuate cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury via "3A approach". Biomaterials 2022; 289:121805. [PMID: 36162213 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of Ischemic Stroke is inordinately challenging due to its complex aetiology and constraints in shuttling therapeutics across blood-brain barrier. Ropinirole hydrochloride (Rp), a propitious neuroprotectant with anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties (3A) is repurposed for remedying ischemic stroke and reperfusion (I/R) injury. The drug's low bioavailability in brain however, limits its therapeutic efficacy. The current research work has reported sub-100 nm gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-Cysteine coated Human Serum Albumin nanoparticles encapsulating Rp (C-Rp-NPs) for active targeting in ischemic brain to encourage in situ activity and reduce unwanted toxicities. Confocal microscopy and brain distribution studies confirmed the enhanced targeting potentiality of optimized C-Rp-NPs. The pharmacokinetics elucidated that C-Rp-NPs could extend Rp retention in systemic circulation and escalate bioavailability compared with free Rp solution (Rp-S). Additionally, therapeutic assessment in transient middle cerebral occlusion (tMCAO) model suggested that C-Rp-NPs attenuated the progression of I/R injury with boosted therapeutic index at 1000 times less concentration compared to Rp-S via reinstating neurological and behavioral deficits, while reducing ischemic neuronal damage. Moreover, C-Rp-NPs blocked mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mtPTP), disrupted apoptotic mechanisms, curbed oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, and elevated dopamine levels post tMCAO. Thus, our work throws light on fabrication of rationally designed C-Rp-NPs with enormous clinical potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saman Fatima
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Mubashshir Ali
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences (SCLS), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Syed Naved Quadri
- Centre for Transgenic Plant Development (CTPD), Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences (SCLS), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Sarwar Beg
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - M Samim
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences (SCLS), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Suhel Parvez
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences (SCLS), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Malik Zainul Abdin
- Centre for Transgenic Plant Development (CTPD), Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences (SCLS), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Prashant Mishra
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Farhan Jalees Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tosato M, Ciciarello F, Zazzara MB, Pais C, Savera G, Picca A, Galluzzo V, Coelho-Júnior HJ, Calvani R, Marzetti E, Landi F. Nutraceuticals and Dietary Supplements for Older Adults with Long COVID. Clin Geriatr Med 2022; 38:565-591. [PMID: 35868674 PMCID: PMC9212635 DOI: 10.1016/j.cger.2022.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Tosato
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Francesca Ciciarello
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Maria Beatrice Zazzara
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Cristina Pais
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Giulia Savera
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Anna Picca
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Galluzzo
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Hélio José Coelho-Júnior
- Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 8, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Riccardo Calvani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, Rome 00168, Italy.
| | - Emanuele Marzetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, Rome 00168, Italy; Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 8, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Francesco Landi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, Rome 00168, Italy; Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 8, Rome 00168, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Govorkova P, Candice Lam CK, Truong K. Design of Synthetic Mammalian Promoters Using Highly Palindromic Subsequences. ACS Synth Biol 2022; 11:1096-1105. [PMID: 35225601 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.1c00600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To express transgenes in specific cell types and states, promoters for endogenous genes are commonly created by truncating the sequence upstream of the transcriptional start site until the promoter is no longer functional. In this paper, we developed a method to design shorter synthetic mammalian promoters for endogenous genes by concatenating only its highly palindromic subsequences with a minimal core promoter. After developing metrics for palindromic density, analysis across all the human and mouse promoters showed higher palindromic density than expected by random. As experimental demonstrations, we applied the method to the CMV promoter (reduced to 432 nucleotides) and the mouse synapsin-1 promoter (383 nucleotides) to express fluorescent protein as reporters. Remarkably, the highly palindromic subsequences of these synthetic promoters contained sites important for strong constitutive expression and neuron-specific expression. As a resource to the community, we created enhancer sequences for all the human and mouse promoters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Polina Govorkova
- Edward S. Rogers, Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King’s College Circle, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Chee Ka Candice Lam
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Kevin Truong
- Edward S. Rogers, Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King’s College Circle, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Barranco A, Garcia L, Gruart A, Delgado-Garcia JM, Rueda R, Ramirez M. Effects of β-Hydroxy β-Methylbutyrate Supplementation on Working Memory and Hippocampal Long-Term Potentiation in Rodents. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14051090. [PMID: 35268065 PMCID: PMC8912805 DOI: 10.3390/nu14051090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMB), a metabolite of the essential amino acid leucine, has been shown to preserve muscle mass and strength during aging. The signaling mechanism by which HMB elicits its favorable effects on protein metabolism in skeletal muscle is also preserved in the brain. However, there are only a few studies, all at relatively high doses, addressing the effect of HMB supplementation on cognition. This study evaluated the effects of different doses of HMB on the potentiation of hippocampal synapses following the experimental induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampus of behaving rats, as well as on working memory test (delayed matching-to-position, DMTP) in mice. HMB doses in rats were 225 (low), 450 (medium), and 900 (high) mg/kg body weight/day and were double in mice. Rats who received medium or high HMB doses improved LTP, suggesting that HMB administration enhances mechanisms related to neuronal plasticity. In the DMTP test, mice that received any of the tested doses of HMB performed better than the control group in the overall test with particularities depending on the dose and the task phase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Barranco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
| | | | - Agnes Gruart
- Division of Neurosciences, Pablo de Olavide University, 41001 Seville, Spain; (A.G.); (J.M.D.-G.)
| | | | - Ricardo Rueda
- Abbott Nutrition, Research and Development, 18004 Granada, Spain;
| | - Maria Ramirez
- Abbott Nutrition, Research and Development, 18004 Granada, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-669-127998
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Eggshell Derived Europium Doped Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles for Cell Imaging Application. J Fluoresc 2021; 31:1927-1936. [PMID: 34546470 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-021-02814-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Hen's eggshell, a biological waste product, was turned into a cell imaging probe: europium doped hydroxyapatite (HAp: Eu) nanoparticle using hydrothermal method. Luminescence of the synthesized nanoparticle was studied for various doping concentrations of the lanthanide ion europium (Eu3+). Eu doped HAp showed a hexagonal crystal structure and rod-shaped morphology. Well-defined emission peaks of europium, corresponding to the substitution of Eu3+ at the Ca2+(I) site of HAp, were confirmed from the samples' photoluminescence (PL) spectra. Good biocompatibility up to 500 μg/mL of the samples indicates their potential applications in bioimaging. Synthesized nanoparticles were internalized and used for in vitro imaging of the PC12 cells without any surface modification. The materials' use as a potential in vivo imaging agent is proposed from the haemolysis study.
Collapse
|
10
|
A Proton-Coupled Transport System for β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate (HMB) in Blood-Brain Barrier Endothelial Cell Line hCMEC/D3. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093220. [PMID: 34579098 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB), a leucine metabolite, is used as a nutritional ingredient to improve skeletal muscle health. Preclinical studies indicate that this supplement also elicits significant benefits in the brain; it promotes neurite outgrowth and prevents age-related reductions in neuronal dendrites and cognitive performance. As orally administered HMB elicits these effects in the brain, we infer that HMB crosses the blood-brain barrier (BBB). However, there have been no reports detailing the transport mechanism for HMB in BBB. Here we show that HMB is taken up in the human BBB endothelial cell line hCMEC/D3 via H+-coupled monocarboxylate transporters that also transport lactate and β-hydroxybutyrate. MCT1 (monocarboxylate transporter 1) and MCT4 (monocarboxylate transporter 4) belonging to the solute carrier gene family SLC16 (solute carrier, gene family 16) are involved, but additional transporters also contribute to the process. HMB uptake in BBB endothelial cells results in intracellular acidification, demonstrating cotransport with H+. Since HMB is known to activate mTOR with potential to elicit transcriptomic changes, we examined the influence of HMB on the expression of selective transporters. We found no change in MCT1 and MCT4 expression. Interestingly, the expression of LAT1 (system L amino acid transporter 1), a high-affinity transporter for branched-chain amino acids relevant to neurological disorders such as autism, is induced. This effect is dependent on mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycine) activation by HMB with no involvement of histone deacetylases. These studies show that HMB in systemic circulation can cross the BBB via carrier-mediated processes, and that it also has a positive influence on the expression of LAT1, an important amino acid transporter in the BBB.
Collapse
|
11
|
Phochantachinda S, Chatchaisak D, Temviriyanukul P, Chansawang A, Pitchakarn P, Chantong B. Ethanolic Fruit Extract of Emblica officinalis Suppresses Neuroinflammation in Microglia and Promotes Neurite Outgrowth in Neuro2a Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:6405987. [PMID: 34539802 PMCID: PMC8443350 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6405987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Inhibiting neuroinflammation and modulating neurite outgrowth could be a promising strategy to prevent neurological disorders. Emblica officinalis (EO) may be a potent agent against them. Although EO extract reportedly has anti-inflammatory properties in macrophages, there is limited knowledge about its neuroprotective activity by suppressing microglia-mediated proinflammatory cytokine production and inducing neurite outgrowth. The present study aimed to elucidate the effect of EO fruit extract on the lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced neuroinflammation using microglial (BV2) and neuroblastoma (Neuro2a) cells. The results demonstrated that, in LPS-treated BV2 cells, EO fruit extract reduced nitric oxide, interleukin-6, and tumor necrotic factor-α production. It also enhanced the neurite length of Neuro2a cells, which was linked to the upregulation of TuJ1 and MAP2 expressions. In conclusion, these findings indicate that the ethanolic extract of EO fruits has promising neuroprotective potential to exhibit antineuroinflammation activity and accelerative effect on neurite outgrowth in vitro. Therefore, EO fruit extract can be considered a novel herbal medicine candidate for managing neuroinflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sataporn Phochantachinda
- Prasu-Arthorn Animal Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Duangthip Chatchaisak
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Piya Temviriyanukul
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Anchana Chansawang
- The Center for Veterinary Diagnosis, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Pornsiri Pitchakarn
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Boonrat Chantong
- Department of Pre-Clinical and Applied Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang F, Wang Q, Liu B, Mei L, Ma S, Wang S, Wang R, Zhang Y, Niu C, Xiong Z, Zheng Y, Zhang Z, Shi J, Song X. The long noncoding RNA Synage regulates synapse stability and neuronal function in the cerebellum. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:2634-2650. [PMID: 33762741 PMCID: PMC8408218 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00774-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The brain is known to express many long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs); however, whether and how these lncRNAs function in modulating synaptic stability remains unclear. Here, we report a cerebellum highly expressed lncRNA, Synage, regulating synaptic stability via at least two mechanisms. One is through the function of Synage as a sponge for the microRNA miR-325-3p, to regulate expression of the known cerebellar synapse organizer Cbln1. The other function is to serve as a scaffold for organizing the assembly of the LRP1-HSP90AA1-PSD-95 complex in PF-PC synapses. Although somewhat divergent in its mature mRNA sequence, the locus encoding Synage is positioned adjacent to the Cbln1 loci in mouse, rhesus macaque, and human, and Synage is highly expressed in the cerebella of all three species. Synage deletion causes a full-spectrum cerebellar ablation phenotype that proceeds from cerebellar atrophy, through neuron loss, on to synapse density reduction, synaptic vesicle loss, and finally to a reduction in synaptic activity during cerebellar development; these deficits are accompanied by motor dysfunction in adult mice, which can be rescued by AAV-mediated Synage overexpression from birth. Thus, our study demonstrates roles for the lncRNA Synage in regulating synaptic stability and function during cerebellar development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui China
| | - Baowei Liu
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui China
| | - Lisheng Mei
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui China
| | - Sisi Ma
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China
| | - Shujuan Wang
- grid.419611.a0000 0004 0457 9072State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Ruoyu Wang
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui China ,grid.240145.60000 0001 2291 4776Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and UTHealth, Houston, TX USA
| | - Yan Zhang
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Stroke Center & Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui China
| | - Chaoshi Niu
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui China
| | - Zhiqi Xiong
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Zheng
- grid.419611.a0000 0004 0457 9072State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui China
| | - Juan Shi
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Song
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Xiang Y, Niu Y, Xie Y, Chen S, Zhu F, Shen W, Zeng LH. Inhibition of RhoA/Rho kinase signaling pathway by fasudil protects against kainic acid-induced neurite injury. Brain Behav 2021; 11:e2266. [PMID: 34156163 PMCID: PMC8413774 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM RhoA/Rho kinase pathway is essential for regulating cytoskeletal structure. Although its effect on normal neurite outgrowth has been demonstrated, the role of this pathway in seizure-induced neurite injury has not been revealed. The research examined the phosphorylation level of RhoA/Rho kinase signaling pathway and to clarify the effect of fasudil on RhoA/Rho kinase signaling pathway and neurite outgrowth in kainic acid (KA)-treated Neuro-2A cells and hippocampal neurons. METHOD Western blotting analysis was used to investigate the expression of key proteins of RhoA/Rho kinase signaling pathway and the depolymerization of actin. After incubated without serum to induce neurite outgrowth, Neuro-2A cells were fixed, and immunofluorescent assay of rhodamine-phalloidin was applied to detect the cellular morphology and neurite length. The influence of KA on neurons was detected in primary hippocampal neurons. Whole-cell patch clamp was conducted in cultured neurons or hippocampal slices to record action potentials. RESULT KA at the dose of 100-200 μmol/L induced the increase in phosphorylation of Rho-associated coiled-coil-containing protein kinase and decrease in phosphorylation of Lin11, Isl-1 and Mec-3 kinase and cofilin. The effect of 200 μmol/L KA was peaked at 1-2 hours, and then gradually returned to baseline after 8 hours. Pretreatment with Rho kinase inhibitor fasudil reversed KA-induced activation of RhoA/Rho kinase pathway and increase in phosphorylation of slingshot and 14-3-3, which consequently reduced the ratio of G/F-actin. KA treatment induced inhibition of neurite outgrowth and decrease in spines both in Neuro-2a cells and in cultured hippocampal neurons, and pretreatment with fasudil alleviated KA-induced neurite outgrowth inhibition and spine loss. CONCLUSION These data indicate that inhibiting RhoA/Rho kinase pathway might be a potential treatment for seizure-induced injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingchun Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yumiao Niu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yacong Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shishuo Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weida Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ling-Hui Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang S, Duangjan C, Tencomnao T, Liu J, Lin J, Wink M. Neuroprotective effects of oolong tea extracts against glutamate-induced toxicity in cultured neuronal cells and β-amyloid-induced toxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans. Food Funct 2021; 11:8179-8192. [PMID: 32966472 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01072c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Oolong tea, a traditional Chinese tea, is especially popular in south China and has a variety of health benefits. However, studies about its neuroprotective and neuroregenerative properties are still limited. This study explored the neuroprotective and neurite outgrowth-promoting properties of oolong tea in cultured neuronal cells (Neuro-2a and HT22) and Caenorhabditis elegans models. Ultra performance liquid chromatography was applied to identify the main natural bioactive compounds in oolong tea. Using Neuro-2a and HT22 cells, we found that oolong tea extracts had a protective effect against glutamate-induced cell death. The extracts reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation and induced gene expression of cellular antioxidant enzymes such as GPx, GSTs and SODs. These extracts also increased the average neurite length, and GAP-43 and Ten-4 mRNA expression in Neuro-2a cells. Moreover, they had protective effects against Aβ-induced paralysis, chemotaxis deficiency and α-synuclein aggregation in C. elegans. This is the first study showing the neuroregenerative and neuroprotective potential of the oolong tea extracts against glutamate/Aβ/α-synuclein-induced toxicity in vitro and in vivo. Our study may support oolong tea extracts as potential candidates for the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaoxiong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China and Age-Related Inflammation and Degeneration Research Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand and Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 329, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany.
| | - Chatrawee Duangjan
- Age-Related Inflammation and Degeneration Research Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand and Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 329, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany. and Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, 90089, USA
| | - Tewin Tencomnao
- Age-Related Inflammation and Degeneration Research Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Jianghong Liu
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jinke Lin
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China and Anxi College of Tea Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| | - Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 329, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Locarno S, Galli A, Argentiere S, Galgano M, Giuntini I, Lenardi C, Perego C. Effects of cell line proliferation on the aggregation and stability of a hyaluronic acid solution (HA)/PLGA microparticles dispersed in the culture system. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2021.1941953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Locarno
- Dipartimento di Fisica “Aldo Pontremoli”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Galli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Argentiere
- Dipartimento di Fisica “Aldo Pontremoli”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Cristina Lenardi
- Dipartimento di Fisica “Aldo Pontremoli”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- C.I.Ma.I.Na. Centro Intersciplinare Materiali e Interfacce Nanostrutturati, Milan, Italy
| | - Carla Perego
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Mimiroglu D, Yanik T, Ercan B. Nanophase surface arrays on poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) upregulate neural cell functions. J Biomed Mater Res A 2021; 110:64-75. [PMID: 34245100 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Nerve guidance channels (NGCs) promote cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions occurring within the nanoscale. However, studies focusing on the effects of nanophase topography on neural cell functions are limited, and mostly concentrated on the sub-micron level (>100 nm) surface topography. Therefore, the aim of this study was to fabricate <100 nm sized structures on poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) films used in NGC applications to assess the effects of nanophase topography on neural cell functions. For this purpose, nanopit surface arrays were fabricated on PLGA surfaces via replica molding method. The results showed that neural cell proliferation increased up to 65% and c-fos protein expression increased up to 76% on PLGA surfaces having nanophase surface arrays compared to the control samples. It was observed that neural cells spread to a greater extend and formed more neurite extensions on the nanoarrayed surfaces compared to the control samples. These results were correlated with increased hydrophilicity and roughness of the nanophase PLGA surfaces, and point toward the promise of using nanoarrayed surfaces in NGC applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Didem Mimiroglu
- Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey.,Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Tulin Yanik
- Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey.,Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Batur Ercan
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey.,BIOMATEN, Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Effects of morphine preconditioning on TRPV1 sensitization and ERK1/2 phosphorylation induced by TGFβ1 in neurocytes. Neuroreport 2021; 32:339-344. [PMID: 33661801 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Myocardium ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is the major cause of cardiac dysfunction. While intrathecal morphine preconditioning (MPC) can alleviate IRI in animal model, the molecular processes underlying IRI and MPC remain elusive. This study aims to test whether pretreatment with morphine can ameliorate the increased activity of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) induced by transforming growth beta1 (TGFβ1) in cultured dorsal root ganglion neurons as a model of the effects of cardiac ischemia on nociceptive primary afferent neurons. METHODS To simulate the effect of MPC on dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons during myocardial IRI in vivo, the cells were pretreated with morphine for 10 min, followed by wash-out for 30 min before TGFβ1 was added. Afterwards, DRG neurons and N2a cells in all groups were stimulated by capsaicin, and the inward current induced by capsaicin were detected by whole-cell recording on DRG neurons; the expression of TRPV1, phosphorylated (p) TRPV1, ERK1/2, and pERK1/2 were detected by western blot in N2a cells. RESULTS In comparison with cells with normal culture, the inward current was enhanced of cells incubated with TGFβ1 (P < 0.05), and the relative expression of TRPV1, pTRPV1, and pERK1/2 was upregulated as well (P < 0.05); In comparison with cells incubated with TGFβ1, the inward current induced by capsaicin were decreased by pretreatment with morphine (P < 0.05), Moreover, the relative expression of TRPV1, pTRPV1, and pERK1/2 were also reduced by MPC (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION MPC inhibits TRPV1 sensitized by TGFβ1 in DRG cells, and the mechanism might be associated with the downregulation of pERK1/2 expression.
Collapse
|
18
|
Kakinen A, Javed I, Davis TP, Ke PC. In vitro and in vivo models for anti-amyloidosis nanomedicines. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2021; 6:95-119. [PMID: 33438715 DOI: 10.1039/d0nh00548g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid diseases are global epidemics characterized by the accumulative deposits of cross-beta amyloid fibrils and plaques. Despite decades of intensive research, few solutions are available for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of these debilitating diseases. Since the early work on the interaction of human β2-microglobulin and nanoparticles by Linse et al. in 2007, the field of amyloidosis inhibition has gradually evolved into a new frontier in nanomedicine offering numerous interdisciplinary research opportunities, especially for materials, chemistry and biophysics. In this review we summarise, for the first time, the in vitro and in vivo models employed thus far in the field of anti-amyloidosis nanomedicines. Based on this systematic summary, we bring forth the notion that, due to the complex and often overlapping physiopathologies of amyloid diseases, there is a crucial need for the appropriate use of in vitro and in vivo models for validating novel anti-amyloidosis nanomedicines, and there is a crucial need for the development of new animal models that reflect the behavioural, symptomatic and cross-talk hallmarks of amyloid diseases such as Alzheimer's (AD), Parkinson's (PD) diseases and type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr Kakinen
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wen W, Wang Y, Li H, Xu H, Xu M, Frank JA, Ma M, Luo J. Mesencephalic Astrocyte-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (MANF) Regulates Neurite Outgrowth Through the Activation of Akt/mTOR and Erk/mTOR Signaling Pathways. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 13:560020. [PMID: 33071755 PMCID: PMC7541815 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.560020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurite outgrowth is essential for brain development and the recovery of brain injury and neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we examined the role of the neurotrophic factor MANF in regulating neurite outgrowth. We generated MANF knockout (KO) neuro2a (N2a) cell lines using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 and demonstrated that MANF KO N2a cells failed to grow neurites in response to RA stimulation. Using MANF siRNA, this finding was confirmed in human SH-SY5Y neuronal cell line. Nevertheless, MANF overexpression by adenovirus transduction or addition of MANF into culture media facilitated the growth of longer neurites in RA-treated N2a cells. MANF deficiency resulted in inhibition of Akt, Erk, mTOR, and P70S6, and impaired protein synthesis. MANF overexpression on the other hand facilitated the growth of longer neurites by activating Akt, Erk, mTOR, and P70S6. Pharmacological blockade of Akt, Erk or mTOR eliminated the promoting effect of MANF on neurite outgrowth. These findings suggest that MANF positively regulated neurite outgrowth by activating Akt/mTOR and Erk/mTOR signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wen
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Yongchao Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Mei Xu
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Jacqueline A Frank
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Murong Ma
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Jia Luo
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bosetti DG, Ruinelli L, Piliero MA, van der Gaag LC, Pesce GA, Valli M, Bosetti M, Presilla S, Richetti A, Deantonio L. Cone-beam computed tomography-based radiomics in prostate cancer: a mono-institutional study. Strahlenther Onkol 2020; 196:943-951. [PMID: 32875372 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-020-01677-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the reported study was to investigate the value of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-based radiomics for risk stratification and prediction of biochemical relapse in prostate cancer. METHODS The study population consisted of 31 prostate cancer patients. Radiomics features were extracted from weekly CBCT scans performed for verifying treatment position. From the data, logistic-regression models were learned for establishing tumor stage, Gleason score, level of prostate-specific antigen, and risk stratification, and for predicting biochemical recurrence. Performance of the learned models was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) or the area under the precision-recall curve (AUC-PRC). RESULTS Results suggest that the histogram-based Energy and Kurtosis features and the shape-based feature representing the standard deviation of the maximum diameter of the prostate gland during treatment are predictive of biochemical relapse and indicative of patients at high risk. CONCLUSION Our results suggest the usefulness of CBCT-based radiomics for treatment definition in prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Giovanni Bosetti
- Radiation Oncology Clinic, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Via Gallino, 6500, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
| | - Lorenzo Ruinelli
- Information and Communications Technology, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Gianfranco Angelo Pesce
- Radiation Oncology Clinic, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Via Gallino, 6500, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Mariacarla Valli
- Radiation Oncology Clinic, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Via Gallino, 6500, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Marco Bosetti
- Information and Communications Technology, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Presilla
- Medical Physics, Imaging Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Antonella Richetti
- Radiation Oncology Clinic, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Via Gallino, 6500, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Letizia Deantonio
- Radiation Oncology Clinic, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Via Gallino, 6500, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Intranasal delivery of tetrabenazine nanoemulsion via olfactory region for better treatment of hyperkinetic movement associated with Huntington’s disease: Pharmacokinetic and brain delivery study. Chem Phys Lipids 2020; 230:104917. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2020.104917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
22
|
Angelaki D, Kavatzikidou P, Fotakis C, Stratakis E, Ranella A. Laser-induced topographies enable the spatial patterning of co-cultured peripheral nervous system cells. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 115:111144. [PMID: 32600731 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The peripheral nervous system comprises glia and neurons that receive the necessary cues for their adhesion and proliferation from their extracellular milieu. In this study, a spatial platform of pseudoperiodic morphologies including patterns of nano- and micro- structures on Si were developed via direct ultrafast-laser structuring and were used as substrates for the patterning of co-cultured neuronal cells. The response of murine Schwann (SW10) and Neuro2a (N2a) cells were investigated both in monocultures and in a glia and neuronal co-culture system. Our results denoted that different types of neural tissue cells respond differently to the underlying topography, but furthermore, the presence of the glial cells alters the adhesion behavior of the neuronal cells in their co-culture. Therefore, we envisage that direct laser structuring that enables spatial patterning of the cells of the nervous system in a controllable manner according to the research needs, could in the future be a useful tool for understanding neural network interfaces and their electrical activity, synaptic processes and myelin formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Angelaki
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (IESL-FORTH), Heraklion 711 10, Greece; Department of Physics, University of Crete, Heraklion 710 03, Greece.
| | - P Kavatzikidou
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (IESL-FORTH), Heraklion 711 10, Greece.
| | - C Fotakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (IESL-FORTH), Heraklion 711 10, Greece; Department of Physics, University of Crete, Heraklion 710 03, Greece.
| | - E Stratakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (IESL-FORTH), Heraklion 711 10, Greece; Department of Physics, University of Crete, Heraklion 710 03, Greece.
| | - A Ranella
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (IESL-FORTH), Heraklion 711 10, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ferrari E, Cardinale A, Picconi B, Gardoni F. From cell lines to pluripotent stem cells for modelling Parkinson's Disease. J Neurosci Methods 2020; 340:108741. [PMID: 32311374 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2020.108741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by loss of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) that contributes to the main motor symptoms of the disease. At present, even if several advancements have been done in the last decades, the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis are far to be fully understood. Accordingly, the establishment of reliable in vitro experimental models to investigate the early events of the pathogenesis represents a key issue in the field. However, to mimic and reproduce in vitro the complex neuronal circuitry involved in PD-associated degeneration of DAergic neurons still remains a highly challenging issue. Here we will review the in vitro PD models used in the last 25 years of research, ranging from cell lines, primary rat or mice neuronal cultures to the more recent use of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and, finally, the development of 3D midbrain organoids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ferrari
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Barbara Picconi
- Università Telematica San Raffaele, Rome, Italy; IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy.
| | - Fabrizio Gardoni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Suryawan A, Rudar M, Fiorotto ML, Davis TA. Differential regulation of mTORC1 activation by leucine and β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate in skeletal muscle of neonatal pigs. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2020; 128:286-295. [PMID: 31944890 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00332.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Leucine (Leu) and its metabolite β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) stimulate mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 (mTORC1)-dependent protein synthesis in the skeletal muscle of neonatal pigs. This study aimed to determine whether HMB and Leu utilize common nutrient-sensing mechanisms to activate mTORC1. In study 1, neonatal pigs were fed one of five diets for 24 h: low protein (LP), high protein (HP), or LP supplemented with 4 (LP+HMB4), 40 (LP+HMB40), or 80 (LP+HMB80) μmol HMB·kg body wt-1·day-1. In study 2, neonatal pigs were fed for 24 h: LP, LP supplemented with Leu (LP+Leu), or HP diets delivering 9, 18, and 18 mmol Leu·kg body wt-1·day-1, respectively. The upstream signaling molecules that regulate mTORC1 activity were analyzed. mTOR phosphorylation on Ser2448 and Ser2481 was greater in LP+HMB40, LP+HMB80, and LP+Leu than in LP and greater in HP than in HMB-supplemented groups (P < 0.05), whereas HP and LP+Leu were similar. Rheb-mTOR complex formation was lower in LP than in HP (P < 0.05), with no enhancement by HMB or Leu supplementation. The Sestrin2-GATOR2 complex was more abundant in LP than in HP and was reduced by Leu (P < 0.05) but not HMB supplementation. RagA-mTOR and RagC-mTOR complexes were higher in LP+Leu and HP than in LP and HMB groups (P < 0.05). There were no treatment differences in RagB-SH3BP4, Vps34-LRS, and RagD-LRS complex abundances. Phosphorylation of Erk1/2 and TSC2, but not AMPK, was lower in LP than HP (P < 0.05) and unaffected by HMB or Leu supplementation. Our results demonstrate that HMB stimulates mTORC1 activation in neonatal muscle independent of the leucine-sensing pathway mediated by Sestrin2 and the Rag proteins.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Dietary supplementation with either leucine or its metabolite β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) stimulates protein synthesis in skeletal muscle of the neonatal pig. Our results demonstrate that both leucine and HMB stimulate mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 (mTORC1) phosphorylation in neonatal muscle. This leucine-stimulated process involves dissociation of the Sestrin2-GATOR2 complex and increased binding of Rag A/C to mTOR. However, HMB's activation of mTORC1 is independent of this leucine-sensing pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agus Suryawan
- US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Marko Rudar
- US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Marta L Fiorotto
- US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Teresa A Davis
- US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ballesteros Hernando J, Ramos Gómez M, Díaz Lantada A. Modeling Living Cells Within Microfluidic Systems Using Cellular Automata Models. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14886. [PMID: 31624307 PMCID: PMC6797720 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51494-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Several computational models, both continuum and discrete, allow for the simulation of collective cell behaviors in connection with challenges linked to disease modeling and understanding. Normally, discrete cell modelling employs quasi-infinite or boundary-less 2D lattices, hence modeling collective cell behaviors in Petri dish-like environments. The advent of lab- and organ-on-a-chip devices proves that the information obtained from 2D cell cultures, upon Petri dishes, differs importantly from the results obtained in more biomimetic micro-fluidic environments, made of interconnected chambers and channels. However, discrete cell modelling within lab- and organ-on-a-chip devices, to our knowledge, is not yet found in the literature, although it may prove useful for designing and optimizing these types of systems. Consequently, in this study we focus on the establishment of a direct connection between the computer-aided designs (CAD) of microfluidic systems, especially labs- and organs-on-chips (and their multi-chamber and multi-channel structures), and the lattices for discrete cell modeling approaches aimed at the simulation of collective cell interactions, whose boundaries are defined directly from the CAD models. We illustrate the proposal using a quite straightforward cellular automata model, apply it to simulating cells with different growth rates, within a selected set of microsystem designs, and validate it by tuning the growth rates with the support of cell culture experiments and by checking the results with a real microfluidic system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Ballesteros Hernando
- Laboratorio de Desarrollo de Productos, Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, c/José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Tecnología Biomédica, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Parque Científico y Tecnológico, M40, Km. 38, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Milagros Ramos Gómez
- Centro de Tecnología Biomédica, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Parque Científico y Tecnológico, M40, Km. 38, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés Díaz Lantada
- Laboratorio de Desarrollo de Productos, Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, c/José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Courel-Ibáñez J, Vetrovsky T, Dadova K, Pallarés JG, Steffl M. Health Benefits of β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate (HMB) Supplementation in Addition to Physical Exercise in Older Adults: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11092082. [PMID: 31484462 PMCID: PMC6769498 DOI: 10.3390/nu11092082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Both regular exercise training and beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB) supplementation are shown as effective treatments to delay or reverse frailty and reduce cognitive impairment in older people. However, there is very little evidence on the true benefits of combining both strategies. The aim of this meta-analysis was to quantify the effects of exercise in addition to HMB supplementation, on physical and cognitive health in older adults. Data from 10 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effect of HMB supplementation and physical function in adults aged 50 years or older were analyzed, involving 384 participants. Results showed that HMB supplementation in addition to physical exercise has no or fairly low impact in improving body composition, muscle strength, or physical performance in adults aged 50 to 80 years, compared to exercise alone. There is a gap of knowledge on the beneficial effects of HMB combined with exercise to preserve cognitive functions in aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Future RCTs are needed to refine treatment choices combining HMB and exercises for older people in particular populations, ages, and health status. Specifically, interventions in older adults aged 80 years or older, with cognitive impairment, frailty, or limited mobility are required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Courel-Ibáñez
- Human Performance and Sports Science Laboratory, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Tomas Vetrovsky
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Prague 16252, Czech Republic
| | - Klara Dadova
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Prague 16252, Czech Republic
| | - Jesús G Pallarés
- Human Performance and Sports Science Laboratory, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Michal Steffl
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Prague 16252, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Effects of Carbazole Derivatives on Neurite Outgrowth and Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Cytotoxicity in Neuro2a Cells. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24071366. [PMID: 30959983 PMCID: PMC6479671 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24071366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have demonstrated that oxidative stress plays an important role in several ailments including neurodegenerative diseases and cerebral ischemic injury. Previously we synthesized some carbazole compounds that have anti-oxidant ability in vitro. In this present study, we found that one of these 22 carbazole compounds, compound 13 (3-ethoxy-1-hydroxy-8- methoxy-2-methylcarbazole-5-carbaldehyde), had the ability to protect neuro2a cells from hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death. It is well known that neurite loss is one of the cardinal features of neuronal injury. Our present study revealed that compound 13 had the ability to induce neurite outgrowth through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in neuro2a cells. These findings suggest that compound 13 might exert a neurotrophic effect and thus be a useful therapy for the treatment of brain injury.
Collapse
|
28
|
Hovde MJ, Larson GH, Vaughan RA, Foster JD. Model systems for analysis of dopamine transporter function and regulation. Neurochem Int 2018; 123:13-21. [PMID: 30179648 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2018.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The dopamine transporter (DAT) plays a critical role in dopamine (DA) homeostasis by clearing transmitter from the extraneuronal space after vesicular release. DAT serves as a site of action for a variety of addictive and therapeutic reuptake inhibitors, and transport dysfunction is associated with transmitter imbalances in disorders such as schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactive disorder, bipolar disorder, and Parkinson disease. In this review, we describe some of the model systems that have been used for in vitro analyses of DAT structure, function and regulation, and discuss a potential relationship between transporter kinetic values and membrane cholesterol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moriah J Hovde
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, 58202, USA
| | - Garret H Larson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, 58202, USA
| | - Roxanne A Vaughan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, 58202, USA
| | - James D Foster
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, 58202, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Park SW, Seo MK, McIntyre RS, Mansur RB, Lee Y, Lee JH, Park SC, Huh L, Lee JG. Effects of olanzapine and haloperidol on mTORC1 signaling, dendritic outgrowth, and synaptic proteins in rat primary hippocampal neurons under toxic conditions. Neurosci Lett 2018; 686:59-66. [PMID: 30149032 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that antipsychotic drugs may activate mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling in neurons. However, the relationship between mTORC1 signaling activation and currently prescribed antipsychotic drugs remains incompletely understood. The purpose of this study was to determine whether alterations in the level of mTORC1 signaling occur after rat primary hippocampal neurons are treated with olanzapine and haloperidol under toxic conditions. Additionally, we investigated whether these drugs affect dendritic outgrowth and synaptic protein expression through the mTORC1 signaling pathway. We measured changes in mTORC1-mediated and synaptic proteins by Western blotting assay under toxic conditions induced by B27 deprivation. Dendritic outgrowth was determined by a neurite assay. Olanzapine significantly increased the phosphorylated levels of mTORC1, its downstream effectors, and its upstream activators. The increased mTORC1 phosphorylation induced by olanzapine was significantly blocked by specific PI3K, MEK, or mTORC1 inhibitors. Olanzapine also increased dendritic outgrowth and synaptic proteins levels; all of these effects were blocked by rapamycin. However, haloperidol had none of these effects. We demonstrated that olanzapine, but not haloperidol, activated the mTORC1 signaling pathway and increased dendritic outgrowth and synaptic proteins by activating mTORC1 signaling in rat primary hippocampal neurons. These findings suggest that olanzapine affects neuroplasticity by activating mTORC1 signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sung Woo Park
- Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea; Department of Health Science and Technology, Graduate School, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Kyoung Seo
- Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Roger S McIntyre
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rodrigo B Mansur
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yena Lee
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jae-Hon Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Cheol Park
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Lyang Huh
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Goo Lee
- Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea; Department of Health Science and Technology, Graduate School, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Phan V, Schmidt J, Matyash V, Malchow S, Thanisch M, Lorenz C, Diepolder I, Schulz JB, Stenzel W, Roos A, Gess B. Characterization of Naïve and Vitamin C-Treated Mouse Schwann Cell Line MSC80: Induction of the Antioxidative Thioredoxin Related Transmembrane Protein 1. J Proteome Res 2018; 17:2925-2936. [PMID: 30044099 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Schwann cells (SCs) are essential in the production of the axon-wrapping myelin sheath and provide trophic function and repair mechanisms in the peripheral nerves. Consequently, well-characterized SC in vitro models are needed to perform preclinical studies including the investigation of the complex biochemical adaptations occurring in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) under different (patho)physiological conditions. MSC80 cells represent a murine SC line used as an in vitro system for neuropathological studies. Here, we introduce the most abundant 9532 proteins identified via mass spectrometry-based protein analytics, and thus provide the most comprehensive SC protein catalogue published thus far. We cover proteins causative for inherited neuropathies and demonstrate that in addition to cytoplasmic, nuclear and mitochondrial proteins and others belonging to the protein processing machinery are very well covered. Moreover, we address the suitability of MSC80 to examine the molecular effect of a drug-treatment by analyzing the proteomic signature of Vitamin C-treated cells. Proteomic findings, immunocytochemistry, immunoblotting and functional experiments support the concept of a beneficial role of Vitamin C on oxidative stress and identified TMX1 as an oxidative stress protective factor, which might represent a promising avenue for therapeutic intervention of PNS-disorders with oxidative stress burden such as diabetic neuropathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vietxuan Phan
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften -ISAS- e.V. , 44227 Dortmund , Germany
| | - Jens Schmidt
- Department of Neurology , University Hospital RWTH Aachen , Aachen , Germany
| | - Vitali Matyash
- Department of Neuropathology , Charité - Universitätsmedizin , Berlin , Germany
| | - Sebastian Malchow
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften -ISAS- e.V. , 44227 Dortmund , Germany
| | - Michaela Thanisch
- Department of Neurology , University Hospital RWTH Aachen , Aachen , Germany
| | - Christin Lorenz
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften -ISAS- e.V. , 44227 Dortmund , Germany
| | - Irmgard Diepolder
- Department of Neurology , University Hospital RWTH Aachen , Aachen , Germany
| | - Jörg Bernhard Schulz
- Department of Neurology , University Hospital RWTH Aachen , Aachen , Germany.,JARA-BRAIN Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging , Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University , Aachen , Germany
| | - Werner Stenzel
- Department of Neuropathology , Charité - Universitätsmedizin , Berlin , Germany
| | - Andreas Roos
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften -ISAS- e.V. , 44227 Dortmund , Germany
| | - Burkhard Gess
- Department of Neurology , University Hospital RWTH Aachen , Aachen , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kumar S, Dang S, Nigam K, Ali J, Baboota S. Selegiline Nanoformulation in Attenuation of Oxidative Stress and Upregulation of Dopamine in the Brain for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. Rejuvenation Res 2018; 21:464-476. [PMID: 29717617 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2017.2035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective of this study was to determine whether the prepared nanoemulsion would be able to deliver selegiline to the brain by intranasal route, improving its bioavailability. Antioxidant activity, pharmacokinetic parameters, and dopamine concentration were determined. Oxidative stress models, which had Parkinson's disease-like symptoms, were used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of nanoemulsion loaded with selegiline in vivo. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assay and reducing power assay, which showed high scavenging efficiency for selegiline nanoemulsion compared to pure selegiline. Biochemical estimation results showed that the levels of antioxidant enzymes, including glutathione and superoxide dismutase, were increased, whereas the levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances were decreased in intranasally administered selegiline nanoemulsion-treated group when compared with haloperidol-induced Parkinson's disease group (control). Moreover, selegiline nanoemulsion was found to be successful in decreasing the dopamine loss, indicating that nanoemulsion is a potential approach for intranasal delivery of selegiline to decrease the damage due to free radicals, thus avoiding consequent biochemical alterations that arise during Parkinson's disease. Brain:blood ratio of 2.207 > 0.093 of selegiline-loaded nanoemulsion (intranasally administered) > selegiline solution (administered intravenously), respectively, at 0.5 hours showed direct nose-to-brain delivery of drug bypassing blood-brain barrier. Selegiline-loaded nanoemulsion administered intranasally showed significantly high dopamine concentration (16.61 ± 3.06 ng/mL) compared to haloperidol-treated rats (8.59 ± 1.00 ng/mL) (p < 0.05). In this way, intranasal delivery of selegiline nanoemulsion might play an important role in the better management of Parkinson's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shobhit Kumar
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University) , New Delhi, India
| | - Shweta Dang
- 2 Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology , Noida, India
| | - Kudeep Nigam
- 2 Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology , Noida, India
| | - Javed Ali
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University) , New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjula Baboota
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University) , New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Granato AEC, Ribeiro AC, Marciano FR, Rodrigues BVM, Lobo AO, Porcionatto M. Polypyrrole increases branching and neurite extension by Neuro2A cells on PBAT ultrathin fibers. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2018; 14:1753-1763. [PMID: 29778889 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We present a methodology for production and application of electrospun hybrid materials containing commercial polyester (poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate; PBAT), and a conductive polymer (polypyrrole; PPy) as scaffold for neuronal growth and differentiation. The physical-chemical properties of the scaffolds and optimization of the electrospinning parameters are presented. The electrospun scaffolds are biocompatible and allow proper adhesion and spread of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Fibers produced with PBAT with or without PPy were used as scaffold for Neuro2a mouse neuroblastoma cells adhesion and differentiation. Neuro2a adhered to PBAT and PBAT/PPy2% scaffolds without laminin coating. However, Neuro2a failed to differentiate in PBAT when stimulated by treatment with retinoic acid (RA), but differentiated in PBAT/PPy2% fibers. We hypothesize that PBAT hydrophobicity inhibited proper spreading and further differentiation, and inhibition was overcome by coating the PBAT fibers with laminin. We conclude that fibers produced with the combination of PBAT and PPy can support neuronal differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro E C Granato
- Department of Biochemistry, Neurobiology Lab, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal São Paulo, São Paulo
| | - André C Ribeiro
- Institute of Science and Technology, Universidade Brasil, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda R Marciano
- Institute of Science and Technology, Universidade Brasil, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bruno V M Rodrigues
- Institute of Science and Technology, Universidade Brasil, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Plasma and Processes Laboratory, Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, São Jose dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Anderson O Lobo
- Institute of Science and Technology, Universidade Brasil, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Materials Science and Engineering graduation program, Technology Center, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brazil; Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Marimelia Porcionatto
- Department of Biochemistry, Neurobiology Lab, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal São Paulo, São Paulo.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Dai C, Ciccotosto GD, Cappai R, Wang Y, Tang S, Hoyer D, Schneider EK, Velkov T, Xiao X. Rapamycin Confers Neuroprotection against Colistin-Induced Oxidative Stress, Mitochondria Dysfunction, and Apoptosis through the Activation of Autophagy and mTOR/Akt/CREB Signaling Pathways. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:824-837. [PMID: 29257864 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies showed that colistin-induced neurotoxicity involves apoptosis and oxidative damage. The present study demonstrates a neuroprotective effect of rapamycin against colistin-induced neurotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. In a mouse model, colistin treatment (18 mg/kg/d; 14 days) produced marked neuronal mitochondria damage in the cerebral cortex and increased activation of caspase-9 and -3. Rapamycin cotreatment (2.5 mg/kg/d) effectively reduced this neurotoxic effect. In an in vitro mouse neuroblastoma-2a (N2a) cell culture model, rapamycin pretreatment (500 nM) reduced colistin (200 μM) induced cell death from ∼50% to 72%. Moreover, rapamycin showed a marked neuroprotective effect in the N2a cells by decreasing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and by up-regulating the activities of the anti-ROS enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase and recovering glutathione (GSH) levels to normal. Moreover, rapamycin pretreatment protected against colistin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, caspase activation, and subsequent apoptosis by up-regulating autophagy and activating the Akt/CREB, NGF, and Nrf2 pathways, while inhibiting p53 signaling. Taken together, this is the first study to demonstrate that rapamycin protects against colistin-induced neurotoxicity by activating autophagy, inhibiting oxidative stress, mitochondria dysfunction, and apoptosis. Our data highlight that regulating autophagy to rescue neurons from apoptosis may become a new targeted therapy to relieve the adverse neurotoxic effects associated with colistin therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chongshan Dai
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Giuseppe D. Ciccotosto
- Department of Pathology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Roberto Cappai
- Department of Pathology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Shusheng Tang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Daniel Hoyer
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, 30 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Elena K. Schneider
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Tony Velkov
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Xilong Xiao
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) and the silent mating-type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1): oversight for neurodegenerative disorders. Biochem Soc Trans 2018. [PMID: 29523769 DOI: 10.1042/bst20170121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
As a result of the advancing age of the global population and the progressive increase in lifespan, neurodegenerative disorders continue to increase in incidence throughout the world. New strategies for neurodegenerative disorders involve the novel pathways of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) and the silent mating-type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (SIRT1) that can modulate pathways of apoptosis and autophagy. The pathways of mTOR and SIRT1 are closely integrated. mTOR forms the complexes mTOR Complex 1 and mTOR Complex 2 and can impact multiple neurodegenerative disorders that include Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, and Parkinson's disease. SIRT1 can control stem cell proliferation, block neuronal injury through limiting programmed cell death, drive vascular cell survival, and control clinical disorders that include dementia and retinopathy. It is important to recognize that oversight of programmed cell death by mTOR and SIRT1 requires a fine degree of precision to prevent the progression of neurodegenerative disorders. Additional investigations and insights into these pathways should offer effective and safe treatments for neurodegenerative disorders.
Collapse
|
35
|
Kougias DG, Das T, Perez AB, Pereira SL. A role for nutritional intervention in addressing the aging neuromuscular junction. Nutr Res 2018; 53:1-14. [PMID: 29804584 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to discuss the structural and physiological changes that underlie age-related neuromuscular dysfunction and to summarize current evidence on the potential role of nutritional interventions on neuromuscular dysfunction-associated pathways. Age-related neuromuscular deficits are known to coincide with distinct changes in the central and peripheral nervous system, in the neuromuscular system, and systemically. Although many features contribute to the age-related decline in neuromuscular function, a comprehensive understanding of their integration and temporal relationship is needed. Nonetheless, many nutrients and ingredients show promise in modulating neuromuscular output by counteracting the age-related changes that coincide with neuromuscular dysfunction. In particular, dietary supplements, such as vitamin D, omega-3 fatty acids, β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate, creatine, and dietary phospholipids, demonstrate potential in ameliorating age-related neuromuscular dysfunction. However, current evidence seldom directly assesses neuromuscular outcomes and is not always in the context of aging. Additional clinical research studies are needed to confirm the benefits of dietary supplements on neuromuscular function, as well as to define the appropriate population, dosage, and duration for intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel G Kougias
- Abbott Nutrition, Strategic Research, 3300 Stelzer Road, Columbus, OH, USA; Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA.
| | - Tapas Das
- Abbott Nutrition, Strategic Research, 3300 Stelzer Road, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | | | - Suzette L Pereira
- Abbott Nutrition, Strategic Research, 3300 Stelzer Road, Columbus, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Thomson SE, Charalambous C, Smith CA, Tsimbouri PM, Déjardin T, Kingham PJ, Hart AM, Riehle MO. Microtopographical cues promote peripheral nerve regeneration via transient mTORC2 activation. Acta Biomater 2017; 60:220-231. [PMID: 28754648 PMCID: PMC5593812 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite microsurgical repair, recovery of function following peripheral nerve injury is slow and often incomplete. Outcomes could be improved by an increased understanding of the molecular biology of regeneration and by translation of experimental bioengineering strategies. Topographical cues have been shown to be powerful regulators of the rate and directionality of neurite regeneration, and in this study we investigated the downstream molecular effects of linear micropatterned structures in an organotypic explant model. Linear topographical cues enhanced neurite outgrowth and our results demonstrated that the mTOR pathway is important in regulating these responses. mTOR gene expression peaked between 48 and 72 h, coincident with the onset of rapid neurite outgrowth and glial migration, and correlated with neurite length at 48 h. mTOR protein was located to glia and in a punctate distribution along neurites. mTOR levels peaked at 72 h and were significantly increased by patterned topography (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the topographical cues could override pharmacological inhibition. Downstream phosphorylation assays and inhibition of mTORC1 using rapamycin highlighted mTORC2 as an important mediator, and more specific therapeutic target. Quantitative immunohistochemistry confirmed the presence of the mTORC2 component rictor at the regenerating front where it co-localised with F-actin and vinculin. Collectively, these results provide a deeper understanding of the mechanism of action of topography on neural regeneration, and support the incorporation of topographical patterning in combination with pharmacological mTORC2 potentiation within biomaterial constructs used to repair peripheral nerves. Statement of Significance Peripheral nerve injury is common and functionally devastating. Despite microsurgical repair, healing is slow and incomplete, with lasting functional deficit. There is a clear need to translate bioengineering approaches and increase our knowledge of the molecular processes controlling nerve regeneration to improve the rate and success of healing. Topographical cues are powerful determinants of neurite outgrowth and represent a highly translatable engineering strategy. Here we demonstrate, for the first time, that microtopography potentiates neurite outgrowth via the mTOR pathway, with the mTORC2 subtype being of particular importance. These results give further evidence for the incorporation of microtopographical cues into peripheral nerve regeneration conduits and indicate that mTORC2 may be a suitable therapeutic target to potentiate nerve regeneration.
Collapse
|
37
|
Yu HP, Zhang N, Zhang T, Wang ZL, Li N, Tang HH, Zhang R, Zhang MN, Xu B, Fang Q, Wang R. Activation of NPFF 2 receptor stimulates neurite outgrowth in Neuro 2A cells through activation of ERK signaling pathway. Peptides 2016; 86:24-32. [PMID: 27669639 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2016.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Neurite outgrowth is an important process in neural regeneration and plasticity, especially after neural injury, and recent evidence indicates that several Gαi/o protein-coupled receptors play an important role in neurite outgrowth. The neuropeptide (NP)FF system contains two Gαi/o protein-coupled receptors, NPFF1 and NPFF2 receptors, which are mainly distributed in the central nervous system. The aim of the present study was to determine whether the NPFF system is involved in neurite outgrowth in Neuro 2A cells. We showed that Neuro 2A cells endogenously expressed NPFF2 receptor, and the NPFF2 receptor agonist dNPA inhibited cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production stimulated by forskolin in Neuro 2A cells. We also demonstrated that NPFF and dNPA dose-dependently induced neurite outgrowth in Neuro 2A cells, which was completely abolished by the NPFF receptor antagonist RF9. Pretreatment with mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitors PD98059 and U0126 decreased dNPA-induced neurite outgrowth. In addition, dNPA increased phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in Neuro 2A cells, which was completely antagonized by pretreatment with U0126. Our results suggest that activation of NPFF2 receptor stimulates neurite outgrowth in Neuro 2A cells through activation of the ERK signaling pathway. Moreover, NPFF2 receptor may be a potential therapeutic target for neural injury and degeneration in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ping Yu
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Zi-Long Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Ning Li
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Hong-Hai Tang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Run Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Meng-Na Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Biao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Quan Fang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.
| | - Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Munroe M, Pincu Y, Merritt J, Cobert A, Brander R, Jensen T, Rhodes J, Boppart MD. Impact of β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMB) on age-related functional deficits in mice. Exp Gerontol 2016; 87:57-66. [PMID: 27887984 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
β-Hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMB) is a metabolite of the essential amino acid leucine. Recent studies demonstrate a decline in plasma HMB concentrations in humans across the lifespan, and HMB supplementation may be able to preserve muscle mass and strength in older adults. However, the impact of HMB supplementation on hippocampal neurogenesis and cognition remains largely unexplored. The purpose of this study was to simultaneously evaluate the impact of HMB on muscle strength, neurogenesis and cognition in young and aged mice. In addition, we evaluated the influence of HMB on muscle-resident mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (Sca-1+CD45-; mMSC) function to address these cells potential to regulate physiological outcomes. Three month-old (n=20) and 24 month-old (n=18) female C57BL/6 mice were provided with either Ca-HMB or Ca-Lactate in a sucrose solution twice per day for 5.5weeks at a dose of 450mg/kg body weight. Significant decreases in relative peak and mean force, balance, and neurogenesis were observed in aged mice compared to young (age main effects, p≤0.05). Short-term HMB supplementation did not alter activity, balance, neurogenesis, or cognitive function in young or aged mice, yet HMB preserved relative peak force in aged mice. mMSC gene expression was significantly reduced with age, but HMB supplementation was able to recover expression of select growth factors known to stimulate muscle repair (HGF, LIF). Overall, our findings demonstrate that while short-term HMB supplementation does not appear to affect neurogenesis or cognitive function in young or aged mice, HMB may maintain muscle strength in aged mice in a manner dependent on mMSC function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Munroe
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Yair Pincu
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jennifer Merritt
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Adam Cobert
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Ryan Brander
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Tor Jensen
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Carle Hospital, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Justin Rhodes
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Marni D Boppart
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Su L, Luo Y, Yang Z, Yang J, Yao C, Cheng F, Shan J, Chen J, Li F, Liu L, Liu C, Xu Y, Jiang L, Guo D, Prieto J, Ávila MA, Shen J, Qian C. MEF2D Transduces Microenvironment Stimuli to ZEB1 to Promote Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer. Cancer Res 2016; 76:5054-67. [PMID: 27364559 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-0246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an essential mechanism of metastasis, including in colorectal cancer. Although EMT processes are often triggered in cancer cells by their surrounding microenvironment, how EMT-relevant genes control these processes is not well understood. In multiple types of cancers, the transcription factor MEF2D has been implicated in cell proliferation, but its contributions to metastasis have not been addressed. Here, we show MEF2D is overexpressed in clinical colorectal cancer tissues where its high expression correlates with metastatic process. Functional investigations showed that MEF2D promoted cancer cell invasion and EMT and that it was essential for certain microenvironment signals to induce EMT and metastasis in vivo Mechanistically, MEF2D directly regulated transcription of the EMT driver gene ZEB1 and facilitated histone acetylation at the ZEB1 promoter. More importantly, MEF2D responded to various tumor microenvironment signals and acted as a central integrator transducing multiple signals to activate ZEB1 transcription. Overall, our results define a critical function for MEF2D in upregulating EMT and the metastatic capacity of colorectal cancer cells. Further, they offer new insights into how microenvironment signals activate EMT-relevant genes and deepen the pathophysiologic significance of MEF2D, with potential implications for the prevention and treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. Cancer Res; 76(17); 5054-67. ©2016 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Su
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongli Luo
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Yao
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Feifei Cheng
- School of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Juanjuan Shan
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fangfang Li
- Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Limei Liu
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chungang Liu
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanmin Xu
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lupin Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Deyu Guo
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jesus Prieto
- Center of Investigation for Applied Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Matías A Ávila
- Center of Investigation for Applied Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Junjie Shen
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Cheng Qian
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Hankosky ER, Sherrill LK, Ruvola LA, Haake RM, Kim T, Hammerslag LR, Kougias DG, Juraska JM, Gulley JM. Effects of β-hydroxy-β-methyl butyrate on working memory and cognitive flexibility in an animal model of aging. Nutr Neurosci 2016; 20:379-387. [PMID: 26896292 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2016.1145376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Normal aging results in cognitive decline and nutritional interventions have been suggested as potential approaches for mitigating these deficits. Here, we used rats to investigate the effects of short- and long-term dietary supplementation with the leucine metabolite β-hydroxy-β-methyl butyrate (HMB) on working memory and cognitive flexibility. METHODS Beginning ∼12 months of age, male and female Long-Evans rats were given twice daily access to sipper tubes containing calcium HMB (450 mg/kg) or vehicle (285 mg/kg calcium lactate) in a sucrose solution (20% w/v). Supplementation continued for 1 or 7 months (middle- and old-age (OA) groups, respectively) before testing began. Working memory was assessed by requiring rats to respond on a previously sampled lever following various delays. Cognitive flexibility was assessed by training rats to earn food according to a visual strategy and then, once acquired, shifting to an egocentric response strategy. RESULTS Treatment with HMB improved working memory performance in middle-age (MA) males and OA rats of both sexes. In the cognitive flexibility task, there was a significant age-dependent deficit in acquisition of the visual strategy that was not apparent in OA males treated with HMB. Furthermore, HMB ameliorated an apparent deficit in visual strategy acquisition in MA females. DISCUSSION Together, these findings suggest that daily nutritional supplementation with HMB facilitates learning and improves working memory performance. As such, HMB supplementation may mitigate age-related cognitive deficits and may therefore be an effective tool to combat this undesirable feature of the aging process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily R Hankosky
- a Department of Psychology , University of Illinois , Urbana-Champaign , USA
| | - Luke K Sherrill
- a Department of Psychology , University of Illinois , Urbana-Champaign , USA
| | - Lauren A Ruvola
- a Department of Psychology , University of Illinois , Urbana-Champaign , USA
| | - Rachel M Haake
- a Department of Psychology , University of Illinois , Urbana-Champaign , USA
| | - Taehyeon Kim
- a Department of Psychology , University of Illinois , Urbana-Champaign , USA
| | | | - Daniel G Kougias
- b Neuroscience Program , University of Illinois , Urbana-Champaign , USA
| | - Janice M Juraska
- a Department of Psychology , University of Illinois , Urbana-Champaign , USA.,b Neuroscience Program , University of Illinois , Urbana-Champaign , USA
| | - Joshua M Gulley
- a Department of Psychology , University of Illinois , Urbana-Champaign , USA.,b Neuroscience Program , University of Illinois , Urbana-Champaign , USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate ameliorates aging effects in the dendritic tree of pyramidal neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex of both male and female rats. Neurobiol Aging 2016; 40:78-85. [PMID: 26973106 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB), a supplement commonly used to maintain muscle in elderly and clinical populations, has been unexplored in the aging brain. In both healthy aging humans and rat models, there are cognitive deficits associated with age-related dendritic shrinkage within the prefrontal cortex. The present study explores the effects of relatively short- and long-term (7 and 31 weeks) oral HMB supplementation starting at 12 months of age in male and female rats on the dendritic tree of layer 5 pyramidal neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex. Since female rats continue to secrete ovarian hormones after reaching reproductive senescence, middle-aged female rats were ovariectomized to model humans. As expected, there were fewer spines and a retraction of dendritic material in the apical and basilar trees in old age controls of both sexes compared with their middle-aged counterparts. However, these losses did not occur in the HMB-treated rats in either dendrites or the total number of dendritic spines. Thus, HMB forestalled the effects of aging on the dendritic tree of this population of neurons.
Collapse
|
42
|
Patra M, Johnstone TC, Suntharalingam K, Lippard SJ. A Potent Glucose-Platinum Conjugate Exploits Glucose Transporters and Preferentially Accumulates in Cancer Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:2550-4. [PMID: 26749149 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201510551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Three rationally designed glucose-platinum conjugates (Glc-Pts) were synthesized and their biological activities evaluated. The Glc-Pts, 1-3, exhibit high levels of cytotoxicity toward a panel of cancer cells. The subcellular target and cellular uptake mechanism of the Glc-Pts were elucidated. For uptake into cells, Glc-Pt 1 exploits both glucose and organic cation transporters, both widely overexpressed in cancer. Compound 1 preferentially accumulates in and annihilates cancer, compared to normal epithelial, cells in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malay Patra
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Timothy C Johnstone
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | | | - Stephen J Lippard
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Patra M, Johnstone TC, Suntharalingam K, Lippard SJ. A Potent Glucose-Platinum Conjugate Exploits Glucose Transporters and Preferentially Accumulates in Cancer Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201510551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Malay Patra
- Department of Chemistry; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Timothy C. Johnstone
- Department of Chemistry; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | | | - Stephen J. Lippard
- Department of Chemistry; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Maiese K. Targeting molecules to medicine with mTOR, autophagy and neurodegenerative disorders. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2015; 82:1245-1266. [PMID: 26469771 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.12804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Revised: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are significantly increasing in incidence as the age of the global population continues to climb with improved life expectancy. At present, more than 30 million individuals throughout the world are impacted by acute and chronic neurodegenerative disorders with limited treatment strategies. The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), also known as the mammalian target of rapamycin, is a 289 kDa serine/threonine protein kinase that offers exciting possibilities for novel treatment strategies for a host of neurodegenerative diseases that include Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, epilepsy, stroke and trauma. mTOR governs the programmed cell death pathways of apoptosis and autophagy that can determine neuronal stem cell development, precursor cell differentiation, cell senescence, cell survival and ultimate cell fate. Coupled to the cellular biology of mTOR are a number of considerations for the development of novel treatments involving the fine control of mTOR signalling, tumourigenesis, complexity of the apoptosis and autophagy relationship, functional outcome in the nervous system, and the intimately linked pathways of growth factors, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI 3-K), protein kinase B (Akt), AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK), silent mating type information regulation two homologue one (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (SIRT1) and others. Effective clinical translation of the cellular signalling mechanisms of mTOR offers provocative avenues for new drug development in the nervous system tempered only by the need to elucidate further the intricacies of the mTOR pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Maiese
- Cellular and Molecular Signaling, Newark, New Jersey, 07101, USA.
| |
Collapse
|