1
|
Chang Y, Fang Y, Liu J, Ye T, Li X, Tu H, Ye Y, Wang Y, Xiong L. Stress-induced nuclear translocation of ONAC023 improves drought and heat tolerance through multiple processes in rice. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5877. [PMID: 38997294 PMCID: PMC11245485 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50229-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Drought and heat are major abiotic stresses frequently coinciding to threaten rice production. Despite hundreds of stress-related genes being identified, only a few have been confirmed to confer resistance to multiple stresses in crops. Here we report ONAC023, a hub stress regulator that integrates the regulations of both drought and heat tolerance in rice. ONAC023 positively regulates drought and heat tolerance at both seedling and reproductive stages. Notably, the functioning of ONAC023 is obliterated without stress treatment and can be triggered by drought and heat stresses at two layers. The expression of ONAC023 is induced in response to stress stimuli. We show that overexpressed ONAC23 is translocated to the nucleus under stress and evidence from protoplasts suggests that the dephosphorylation of the remorin protein OSREM1.5 can promote this translocation. Under drought or heat stress, the nuclear ONAC023 can target and promote the expression of diverse genes, such as OsPIP2;7, PGL3, OsFKBP20-1b, and OsSF3B1, which are involved in various processes including water transport, reactive oxygen species homeostasis, and alternative splicing. These results manifest that ONAC023 is fine-tuned to positively regulate drought and heat tolerance through the integration of multiple stress-responsive processes. Our findings provide not only an underlying connection between drought and heat responses, but also a promising candidate for engineering multi-stress-resilient rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yujie Fang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Jiahan Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Tiantian Ye
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaokai Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Haifu Tu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ying Ye
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yao Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lizhong Xiong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yao Y, Zhang H, Guo R, Fan J, Liu S, Liao J, Huang Y, Wang Z. Physiological, Cytological, and Transcriptomic Analysis of Magnesium Protoporphyrin IX Methyltransferase Mutant Reveal Complex Genetic Regulatory Network Linking Chlorophyll Synthesis and Chloroplast Development in Rice. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3785. [PMID: 37960141 PMCID: PMC10649015 DOI: 10.3390/plants12213785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Functional defects in key genes for chlorophyll synthesis usually cause abnormal chloroplast development, but the genetic regulatory network for these key genes in regulating chloroplast development is still unclear. Magnesium protoporphyrin IX methyltransferase (ChlM) is a key rate-limiting enzyme in the process of chlorophyll synthesis. Physiological analysis showed that the chlorophyll and carotenoid contents were significantly decreased in the chlm mutant. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that the chloroplasts of the chlm mutant were not well developed, with poor, loose, and indistinct thylakoid membranes. Hormone content analysis found that jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, and auxin accumulated in the mutant. A comparative transcriptome profiling identified 1534 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between chlm and the wild type, including 876 up-regulated genes and 658 down-regulated genes. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed that these DEGs were highly involved in chlorophyll metabolism, chloroplast development, and photosynthesis. Protein-protein interaction network analysis found that protein translation played an essential role in the ChlM gene-regulated process. Specifically, 62 and 6 DEGs were annotated to regulate chlorophyll and carotenoid metabolism, respectively; 278 DEGs were predicted to be involved in regulating chloroplast development; 59 DEGs were found to regulate hormone regulatory pathways; 192 DEGs were annotated to regulate signal pathways; and 49 DEGs were putatively identified as transcription factors. Dozens of these genes have been well studied and reported to play essential roles in chlorophyll accumulation or chloroplast development, providing direct evidence for the reliability of the role of the identified DEGs. These findings suggest that chlorophyll synthesis and chloroplast development are actively regulated by the ChlM gene. And it is suggested that hormones, signal pathways, and transcription regulation were all involved in these regulation processes. The accuracy of transcriptome data was validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis. This study reveals a complex genetic regulatory network of the ChlM gene regulating chlorophyll synthesis and chloroplast development. The ChlM gene's role in retrograde signaling was discussed. Jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, or their derivatives in a certain unknown state were proposed as retrograde signaling molecules in one of the signaling pathways from the chloroplast to nucleus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youming Yao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding (Jiangxi Agricultural University), Ministry of Education of the P.R. China, Nanchang 330045, China; (Y.Y.); (H.Z.); (R.G.); (J.F.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (Y.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Responding to Climate Change (Jiangxi Agricultural University), Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding (Jiangxi Agricultural University), Ministry of Education of the P.R. China, Nanchang 330045, China; (Y.Y.); (H.Z.); (R.G.); (J.F.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (Y.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Responding to Climate Change (Jiangxi Agricultural University), Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Rong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding (Jiangxi Agricultural University), Ministry of Education of the P.R. China, Nanchang 330045, China; (Y.Y.); (H.Z.); (R.G.); (J.F.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (Y.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Responding to Climate Change (Jiangxi Agricultural University), Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Jiangmin Fan
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding (Jiangxi Agricultural University), Ministry of Education of the P.R. China, Nanchang 330045, China; (Y.Y.); (H.Z.); (R.G.); (J.F.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (Y.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Responding to Climate Change (Jiangxi Agricultural University), Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Siyi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding (Jiangxi Agricultural University), Ministry of Education of the P.R. China, Nanchang 330045, China; (Y.Y.); (H.Z.); (R.G.); (J.F.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (Y.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Responding to Climate Change (Jiangxi Agricultural University), Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Jianglin Liao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding (Jiangxi Agricultural University), Ministry of Education of the P.R. China, Nanchang 330045, China; (Y.Y.); (H.Z.); (R.G.); (J.F.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (Y.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Responding to Climate Change (Jiangxi Agricultural University), Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Yingjin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding (Jiangxi Agricultural University), Ministry of Education of the P.R. China, Nanchang 330045, China; (Y.Y.); (H.Z.); (R.G.); (J.F.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (Y.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Responding to Climate Change (Jiangxi Agricultural University), Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Zhaohai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding (Jiangxi Agricultural University), Ministry of Education of the P.R. China, Nanchang 330045, China; (Y.Y.); (H.Z.); (R.G.); (J.F.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (Y.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Responding to Climate Change (Jiangxi Agricultural University), Nanchang 330045, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Guo D, Chen L, Liu S, Jiang W, Ye Q, Wu Z, Wang X, Hu X, Zhang Z, He H, Hu L. Curling Leaf 1, Encoding a MYB-Domain Protein, Regulates Leaf Morphology and Affects Plant Yield in Rice. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3127. [PMID: 37687373 PMCID: PMC10490398 DOI: 10.3390/plants12173127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The leaf is the main site of photosynthesis and is an important component in shaping the ideal rice plant architecture. Research on leaf morphology and development will lay the foundation for high-yield rice breeding. In this study, we isolated and identified a novel curling leaf mutant, designated curling leaf 1 (cl1). The cl1 mutant exhibited an inward curling phenotype because of the defective development of sclerenchymatous cells on the abaxial side. Meanwhile, the cl1 mutant showed significant reductions in grain yield and thousand-grain weight due to abnormal leaf development. Through map-based cloning, we identified the CL1 gene, which encodes a MYB transcription factor that is highly expressed in leaves. Subcellular localization studies confirmed its typical nuclear localization. Transcriptome analysis revealed a significant differential expression of the genes involved in photosynthesis, leaf morphology, yield formation, and hormone metabolism in the cl1 mutant. Yeast two-hybrid assays demonstrated that CL1 interacts with alpha-tubulin protein SRS5 and AP2/ERF protein MFS. These findings provide theoretical foundations for further elucidating the mechanisms of CL1 in regulating leaf morphology and offer genetic resources for practical applications in high-yield rice breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Guo
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (D.G.); (W.J.); (Q.Y.); (Z.W.); (X.W.); (X.H.); (Z.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Lianghai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.C.); (S.L.)
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Shiqiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.C.); (S.L.)
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Wenxiang Jiang
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (D.G.); (W.J.); (Q.Y.); (Z.W.); (X.W.); (X.H.); (Z.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Qing Ye
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (D.G.); (W.J.); (Q.Y.); (Z.W.); (X.W.); (X.H.); (Z.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Zheng Wu
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (D.G.); (W.J.); (Q.Y.); (Z.W.); (X.W.); (X.H.); (Z.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (D.G.); (W.J.); (Q.Y.); (Z.W.); (X.W.); (X.H.); (Z.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Xiafei Hu
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (D.G.); (W.J.); (Q.Y.); (Z.W.); (X.W.); (X.H.); (Z.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Zelin Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (D.G.); (W.J.); (Q.Y.); (Z.W.); (X.W.); (X.H.); (Z.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Haohua He
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Lifang Hu
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (D.G.); (W.J.); (Q.Y.); (Z.W.); (X.W.); (X.H.); (Z.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Han H, Zhou Y, Liu H, Chen X, Wang Q, Zhuang H, Sun X, Ling Q, Zhang H, Wang B, Wang J, Tang Y, Wang H, Liu H. Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Analysis Provides Insight into Leaf Color and Photosynthesis Variation of the Yellow-Green Leaf Mutant of Hami Melon ( Cucumis melo L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1623. [PMID: 37111847 PMCID: PMC10143263 DOI: 10.3390/plants12081623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Leaf color mutants are ideal materials for studying the regulatory mechanism of chloroplast development and photosynthesis. We isolated a cucumis melo spontaneous mutant (MT), which showed yellow-green leaf phenotype in the whole growing period and could be inherited stably. We compared its leaves with the wild type (WT) in terms of cytology, physiology, transcriptome and metabolism. The results showed that the thylakoid grana lamellae of MT were loosely arranged and fewer in number than WT. Physiological experiments also showed that MT had less chlorophyll content and more accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) than WT. Furthermore, the activity of several key enzymes in C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation pathway was more enhanced in MT than WT. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses showed that differential expression genes and differentially accumulated metabolites in MT were mainly co-enriched in the pathways related to photosystem-antenna proteins, central carbon metabolism, glutathione metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and flavonoid metabolism. We also analyzed several key proteins in photosynthesis and chloroplast transport by Western blot. In summary, the results may provide a new insight into the understanding of how plants respond to the impaired photosynthesis by regulating chloroplast development and photosynthetic carbon assimilation pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Han
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; (H.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Genomics and Genetic Improvement in Xinjiang, Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830002, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Huifang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Genomics and Genetic Improvement in Xinjiang, Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830002, China
| | - Xianjun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; (H.H.)
| | - Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Genomics and Genetic Improvement in Xinjiang, Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830002, China
| | - Hongmei Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Genomics and Genetic Improvement in Xinjiang, Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830002, China
| | - Xiaoxia Sun
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; (H.H.)
| | - Qihua Ling
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Huijun Zhang
- School of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China
| | - Baike Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Genomics and Genetic Improvement in Xinjiang, Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830002, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Genomics and Genetic Improvement in Xinjiang, Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830002, China
| | - Yaping Tang
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Genomics and Genetic Improvement in Xinjiang, Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830002, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Genomics and Genetic Improvement in Xinjiang, Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830002, China
| | - Huiying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; (H.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Caddell D, Langenfeld NJ, Eckels MJH, Zhen S, Klaras R, Mishra L, Bugbee B, Coleman-Derr D. Photosynthesis in rice is increased by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated transformation of two truncated light-harvesting antenna. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1050483. [PMID: 36743495 PMCID: PMC9893291 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1050483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Plants compete for light partly by over-producing chlorophyll in leaves. The resulting high light absorption is an effective strategy for out competing neighbors in mixed communities, but it prevents light transmission to lower leaves and limits photosynthesis in dense agricultural canopies. We used a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated approach to engineer rice plants with truncated light-harvesting antenna (TLA) via knockout mutations to individual antenna assembly component genes CpSRP43, CpSRP54a, and its paralog, CpSRP54b. We compared the photosynthetic contributions of these components in rice by studying the growth rates of whole plants, quantum yield of photosynthesis, chlorophyll density and distribution, and phenotypic abnormalities. Additionally, we investigated a Poales-specific duplication of CpSRP54. The Poales are an important family that includes staple crops such as rice, wheat, corn, millet, and sorghum. Mutations in any of these three genes involved in antenna assembly decreased chlorophyll content and light absorption and increased photosynthesis per photon absorbed (quantum yield). These results have significant implications for the improvement of high leaf-area-index crop monocultures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Caddell
- Plant Gene Expression Center, United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA ARS), Albany, CA, United States
- Plant and Microbial Biology Department, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Noah J. Langenfeld
- Department of Plants, Soils, and Climate, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
| | - Madigan JH. Eckels
- Department of Plants, Soils, and Climate, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
| | - Shuyang Zhen
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Rachel Klaras
- Plant and Microbial Biology Department, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Laxmi Mishra
- Plant and Microbial Biology Department, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Bruce Bugbee
- Department of Plants, Soils, and Climate, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
| | - Devin Coleman-Derr
- Plant Gene Expression Center, United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA ARS), Albany, CA, United States
- Plant and Microbial Biology Department, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cheng M, Meng F, Mo F, Qi H, Wang P, Chen X, Liu J, Ghanizadeh H, Zhang H, Wang A. Slym1 control the color etiolation of leaves by facilitating the decomposition of chlorophyll in tomato. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 324:111457. [PMID: 36089196 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis, as an important biological process of plants, produces organic substances for plant growth and development. Although the molecular mechanisms of photosynthesis had been well investigated, the relationship between chlorophyll synthesis and photosynthesis remains largely unknown. The leaf-color mutant was an ideal material for studying photosynthesis and chlorophyll synthesis, which had been seldom investigated in tomato. Here, we obtained a yellow leaf tomato mutant ym (The mutant plants from the line of zs4) in field. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and photosynthetic parameters results demonstrated that chloroplast's structure was obviously destroyed and photosynthetic capacity gets weak. The mutant was hybridized with the control to construct the F2 segregation population for sequencing. Slym1 gene, controlling yellow mutant trait, was identified using Bulked Segregation Analysis. Slym1 was up-regulated in the mutant and Slym1 was located in the nucleus. The genes associated with photosynthesis and chlorophyll synthesis were down-regulated in Slym1-OE transgenic tomato plants. The results suggested that Slym1 negatively regulate photosynthesis. Photosynthetic pigment synthesis related genes HEMA, HEMB1, CHLG and CAO were up-regulated in Slym1 silencing plants. The redundant Slym1 binding the intermediate proteins MP resulting in hindering the interaction between MP and HY5 due to the Slym1 with a high expression level in ym mutant, lead to lots of the HY5 with unbound state accumulates in cells, that could accelerate the decomposition of chlorophyll. Therefore, the yellow leaf-color mutant ym could be used as an ideal material for further exploring the relationship between leaf color mutant and photosynthesis and the specific mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mozhen Cheng
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin, China.
| | - Fanyue Meng
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin, China.
| | - Fulei Mo
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin, China.
| | - Haonan Qi
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin, China.
| | - Peiwen Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin, China.
| | - Xiuling Chen
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin, China.
| | - Jiayin Liu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin, China; College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
| | - Hossein Ghanizadeh
- School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
| | - He Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin, China.
| | - Aoxue Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China; College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Iron Source and Medium pH Affect Nutrient Uptake and Pigment Content in Petunia hybrida ‘Madness Red’ Cultured In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168943. [PMID: 36012209 PMCID: PMC9409069 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Deficiency or excess of iron (Fe) and improper medium pH will inhibit the growth and development of plants, reduce the transfer and utilization of energy from the root to the leaf, and affect the utilization efficiency of inorganic nutrients. The most common symptom of Fe deficiency in plants is chlorosis of the young leaves. In this study, the effects of the iron source, in combination with the medium pH, on plant growth and development, plant pigment synthesis, and nutrient uptake in a model plant Petunia hybrida cultured in vitro were investigated. Iron sulfate (FeSO4·7H2O) or iron chelated with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (Fe-EDTA) were supplemented to the MNS (a multipurpose nutrient solution) medium at a concentration of 2.78 mg·L−1 Fe, and the treatment without any Fe was used as the control. The pH of the agar-solidified medium was adjusted to either 4.70, 5.70, or 6.70 before autoclaving. The experiment was carried out in an environmentally controlled culture room with a temperature of 24 °C with 100 µmol·m−2·s−1 photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) supplied by white light emitting diodes (LEDs) during a photoperiod of 16 h a day, 18 °C for 8 h a day in the dark, and 70% relative humidity. Regardless of the Fe source including the control, the greatest number of leaves was observed at pH 4.70. However, the greatest lengths of the leaf and root were observed in the treatment with Fe-EDTA combined with pH 5.70. The contents of the chlorophyll, carotenoid, and anthocyanin decreased with increasing medium pH, and contents of these plant pigments were positively correlated with the leaf color. The highest soluble protein content and activities of APX and CAT were observed in the Fe-EDTA under pH 5.70. However, the GPX activity was the highest in the control under pH 4.70. In addition, the highest contents of ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3−) were measured in the FeSO4-4.7 and EDTA-5.7, respectively. More than that, the treatment of Fe-EDTA combined with pH 5.70 (EDTA-5.7) enhanced nutrient absorption, as proven by the highest tissue contents of P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, and Mn. The genes’ ferric reduction oxidase 1 and 8 (PhFRO1 and PhFRO8), iron-regulated transporter 1 (PhIRT1), nitrate transporter 2.5 (PhNRT2.5), and deoxyhypusine synthase (PhDHS) were expressed at the highest levels in this treatment as well. In the treatment of EDTA-5.7, the reduction and transport of chelated iron in P. hybrida leaves were enhanced, which also affected the transport of nitrate and catalyzed chlorophyll level in leaves. In conclusion, when the medium pH was adjusted to 5.70, supplementation of chelated Fe-EDTA was more conducive to promoting the growth and development of, and absorption of mineral nutrients by, the plant and the expression of related genes in the leaves.
Collapse
|
8
|
Qi X, Chen S, Wang H, Feng J, Chen H, Qin Z, Deng Y. Comparative physiology and transcriptome analysis reveals that chloroplast development influences silver-white leaf color formation in Hydrangea macrophylla var. maculata. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:345. [PMID: 35842592 PMCID: PMC9287875 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03727-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydrangea macrophylla var. Maculata 'Yinbianxiuqiu' (YB) is an excellent plant species with beautiful flowers and leaves with silvery white edges. However, there are few reports on its leaf color characteristics and color formation mechanism. RESULTS The present study compared the phenotypic, physiological and transcriptomic differences between YB and a full-green leaf mutant (YM) obtained from YB. The results showed that YB and YM had similar genetic backgrounds, but photosynthesis was reduced in YB. The contents of pigments were significantly decreased at the edges of YB leaves compared to YM leaves. The ultrastructure of chloroplasts in the YB leaves was irregular. Transcriptome profiling identified 7,023 differentially expressed genes between YB and YM. The expression levels of genes involved in photosynthesis, chloroplast development and division were different between YB and YM. Quantitative real-time PCR showed that the expression trends were generally consistent with the transcriptome data. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the formation of the silvery white leaf color of H. macrophylla var. maculata was primarily due to the abnormal development of chloroplasts. This study facilitates the molecular function analysis of key genes involved in chloroplast development and provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in leaf coloration in H. macrophylla.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Qi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Leisure Agriculture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210014, China
| | - Shuangshuang Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Leisure Agriculture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210014, China
| | - Huadi Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Leisure Agriculture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210014, China
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Jing Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Leisure Agriculture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210014, China
| | - Huijie Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Leisure Agriculture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210014, China
| | - Ziyi Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Leisure Agriculture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210014, China
| | - Yanming Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Leisure Agriculture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210014, China.
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Xue Y, Dong H, Huang H, Li S, Shan X, Li H, Liu H, Xia D, Su S, Yuan Y. Mutation in Mg-Protoporphyrin IX Monomethyl Ester (Oxidative) Cyclase Gene ZmCRD1 Causes Chlorophyll-Deficiency in Maize. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:912215. [PMID: 35873969 PMCID: PMC9301084 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.912215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophyll molecules are non-covalently associated with chlorophyll-binding proteins to harvest light and perform charge separation vital for energy conservation during photosynthetic electron transfer in photosynthesis for photosynthetic organisms. The present study characterized a pale-green leaf (pgl) maize mutant controlled by a single recessive gene causing chlorophyll reduction throughout the whole life cycle. Through positional mapping and complementation allelic test, Zm00001d008230 (ZmCRD1) with two missense mutations (p.A44T and p.T326M) was identified as the causal gene encoding magnesium-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester cyclase (MgPEC). Phylogenetic analysis of ZmCRD1 within and among species revealed that the p.T326M mutation was more likely to be causal. Subcellular localization showed that ZmCRD1 was targeted to chloroplasts. The pgl mutant showed a malformed chloroplast morphology and reduced number of starch grains in bundle sheath cells. The ZmCRD1 gene was mainly expressed in WT and mutant leaves, but the expression was reduced in the mutant. Most of the genes involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis, chlorophyll degradation, chloroplast development and photosynthesis were down-regulated in pgl. The photosynthetic capacity was limited along with developmental retardation and production reduction in pgl. These results confirmed the crucial role of ZmCRD1 in chlorophyll biosynthesis, chloroplast development and photosynthesis in maize.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shengzhong Su
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Crop Biotechnology Breeding, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yaping Yuan
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Crop Biotechnology Breeding, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kampire MG, Sanglou RK, Wang H, Kazeem BB, Wu JL, Zhang X. A Novel Allele Encoding 7-Hydroxymethyl Chlorophyll a Reductase Confers Bacterial Blight Resistance in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147585. [PMID: 34299202 PMCID: PMC8303675 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice spotted leaf mutants are helpful to investigate programmed cell death (PCD) and defense response pathways in plants. Using a map-based cloning strategy, we characterized novel rice spotted leaf mutation splHM143 that encodes a 7-hydroxymethyl chlorophyll a reductase (OsHCAR). The wild-type (WT) allele could rescue the mutant phenotype, as evidenced by complementation analysis. OsHCAR was constitutively expressed at all rice tissues tested and its expression products localized to chloroplasts. The mutant exhibited PCD and leaf senescence with increased H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) accumulation, increased of ROS (reactive oxygen species) scavenging enzymes activities and TUNEL (terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling) -positive nuclei, upregulation of PCD related genes, decreased chlorophyll (Chl) contents, downregulation of photosynthesis-related genes, and upregulation of senescence-associated genes. Besides, the mutant exhibited enhanced bacterial blight resistance with significant upregulation of defense response genes. Knockout lines of OsHCAR exhibited spotted leaf phenotype, cell death, leaf senescence, and showed increased resistance to the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) coupled with upregulation of five pathogenesis-related marker genes. The overexpression of OsHCAR resulted in increased susceptibility to Xoo with decreased expression of pathogenesis-related marker genes. Altogether, our findings revealed that OsHCAR is involved in regulating cell death and defense response against bacterial blight pathogen in rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Gorette Kampire
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China; (M.G.K.); (R.K.S.); (H.W.)
| | - Ringki Kuinamei Sanglou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China; (M.G.K.); (R.K.S.); (H.W.)
| | - Huimei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China; (M.G.K.); (R.K.S.); (H.W.)
| | | | - Jian-li Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China; (M.G.K.); (R.K.S.); (H.W.)
- Correspondence: (J.-l.W.); (X.Z.); Tel.: +86-571-63370326 (J.-l.W.); +86-571-63370295 (X.Z.)
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China; (M.G.K.); (R.K.S.); (H.W.)
- Correspondence: (J.-l.W.); (X.Z.); Tel.: +86-571-63370326 (J.-l.W.); +86-571-63370295 (X.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ye J, Chen W, Feng L, Liu G, Wang Y, Li H, Ye Z, Zhang Y. The chaperonin 60 protein SlCpn60α1 modulates photosynthesis and photorespiration in tomato. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:7224-7240. [PMID: 32915204 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis, an indispensable biological process of plants, produces organic substances for plant growth, during which photorespiration occurs to oxidize carbohydrates to achieve homeostasis. Although the molecular mechanism underlying photosynthesis and photorespiration has been widely explored, the crosstalk between the two processes remains largely unknown. In this study, we isolated and characterized a T-DNA insertion mutant of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) named yellow leaf (yl) with yellowish leaves, retarded growth, and chloroplast collapse that hampered both photosynthesis and photorespiration. Genetic and expression analyses demonstrated that the phenotype of yl was caused by a loss-of-function mutation resulting from a single-copy T-DNA insertion in chaperonin 60α1 (SlCPN60α1). SlCPN60α1 showed high expression levels in leaves and was located in both chloroplasts and mitochondria. Silencing of SlCPN60α1using virus-induced gene silencing and RNA interference mimicked the phenotype of yl. Results of two-dimensional electrophoresis and yeast two-hybrid assays suggest that SlCPN60α1 potentially interacts with proteins that are involved in chlorophyll synthesis, photosynthetic electron transport, and the Calvin cycle, and further affect photosynthesis. Moreover, SlCPN60α1 directly interacted with serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SlSHMT1) in mitochondria, thereby regulating photorespiration in tomato. This study outlines the importance of SlCPN60α1 for both photosynthesis and photorespiration, and provides molecular insights towards plant genetic improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ye
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Weifang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Longwei Feng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Genzhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhibiao Ye
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Xiong E, Li Z, Zhang C, Zhang J, Liu Y, Peng T, Chen Z, Zhao Q. A study of leaf-senescence genes in rice based on a combination of genomics, proteomics and bioinformatics. Brief Bioinform 2020; 22:5998850. [PMID: 33257942 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbaa305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaf senescence is a highly complex, genetically regulated and well-ordered process with multiple layers and pathways. Delaying leaf senescence would help increase grain yields in rice. Over the past 15 years, more than 100 rice leaf-senescence genes have been cloned, greatly improving the understanding of leaf senescence in rice. Systematically elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying leaf senescence will provide breeders with new tools/options for improving many important agronomic traits. In this study, we summarized recent reports on 125 rice leaf-senescence genes, providing an overview of the research progress in this field by analyzing the subcellular localizations, molecular functions and the relationship of them. These data showed that chlorophyll synthesis and degradation, chloroplast development, abscisic acid pathway, jasmonic acid pathway, nitrogen assimilation and ROS play an important role in regulating the leaf senescence in rice. Furthermore, we predicted and analyzed the proteins that interact with leaf-senescence proteins and achieved a more profound understanding of the molecular principles underlying the regulatory mechanisms by which leaf senescence occurs, thus providing new insights for future investigations of leaf senescence in rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erhui Xiong
- College of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University (HAU), China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, South University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Ye Liu
- College of Agriculture, HAU
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Shi Y, He Y, Lv X, Wei Y, Zhang X, Xu X, Li L, Wu JL. Chloroplast SRP54s are Essential for Chloroplast Development in Rice. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 13:54. [PMID: 32761436 PMCID: PMC7410889 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-020-00415-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The chloroplast signal recognition particle 54 (cpSRP54) is known for targeting the light-harvesting complex proteins to thylakoids and plays a critical role for chloroplast development in Arabidopsis, but little is known in rice. Here, we reported two homologous cpSRP54s that affect chloroplast development and plant survival in rice. RESULTS Two rice cpSRP54 homologues, OscpSRP54a and OscpSRP54b, were identified in present study. The defective OscpSRP54a (LOC_Os11g05552) was responsible for the pale green leaf phenotype of the viable pale green leaf 14 (pgl14) mutant. A single nucleotide substitution from G to A at the position 278, the first intron splicing site, was detected in LOC_Os11g05552 in pgl14. The wild type allele could rescue the mutant phenotype. Knockout lines of OscpSRP54b (LOC_Os11g05556) exhibited similar pale green phenotype to pgl14 with reduced chlorophyll contents and impaired chloroplast development, but showed apparently arrested-growth and died within 3 weeks. Both OscpSRP54a and OscpSRP54b were constitutively expressed mainly in shoots and leaves at the vegetative growth stage. Subcellular location indicated that both OscpSRP54a and OscpSRP54b were chloroplast-localized. Both OscpSRP54a and OscpSRP54b were able to interact with OscpSRP43, respectively. The transcript level of OscpSRP43 was significantly reduced while the transcript level of OscpSRP54b was apparently increased in pgl14. In contrast, the transcript levels of OscpSRP54a, OscpSRP43 and OscpSRP54b were all significantly decreased in OscpSRP54b knockout lines. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that both OscpSRP54a and OscpSRP54b were essential for normal chloroplast development by interacting with OscpSRP43 in rice. OscpSRP54a and OscpSRP54b might play distinct roles in transporting different chloroplast proteins into thylakoids through cpSRP-mediated pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Yan He
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Xiangguang Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 China
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Yanlin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Xia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Liangjian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Jian-li Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yu X, Wang L, Xu K, Kong F, Wang D, Tang X, Sun B, Mao Y. Fine Mapping to Identify the Functional Genetic Locus for Red Coloration in Pyropia yezoensis Thallus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:867. [PMID: 32655600 PMCID: PMC7324768 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Pyropia yezoensis, commonly known as "Nori" or "Laver" is an economically important marine crop. In natural or selected populations of P. yezoensis, coloration mutants are frequently observed. Various coloration mutants are excellent materials for genetic research and study photosynthesis. However, the candidate gene controlling the Pyropia coloration phenotype remains unclear to date. QTL-seq, in combination with kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) and RNA-seq, can be generally applied to population genomics studies to rapidly identify genes that are responsible for phenotypes showing extremely opposite traits. Through cross experiments between the wild line RZ and red-mutant HT, offsprings with 1-4 sectors chimeric blade were generated. Statistical analyses revealed that the red thallus coloration phenotype is conferred by a single nuclear allele. Two-pair populations, consisting of 24 and 56 wild-type/red-type single-genotype sectors from F1 progeny, were used in QTL-seq to detect a genomic region in P. yezoensis harboring the red coloration locus. Based on a high-quality genome, we first identified the candidate region within a 3.30-Mb region at the end of chromosome 1. Linkage map-based QTL analysis was used to confirm the candidate region identified by QTL-seq. Then, four KASP markers developed in this region were used to narrow down the candidate region to a 1.42-Mb region. Finally, we conducted RNA-seq to focus on 13 differentially expressed genes and further predicted rcl-1, which contains one non-synonymous SNP [A/C] in the coding region that could be regulating red thallus coloration in P. yezoensis. Our results provide novel insights into the underlying mechanism controlling blade coloration, which is a desirable trait in algae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinzi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Lu Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Kuipeng Xu
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Fanna Kong
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xianghai Tang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Bin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yunxiang Mao
- Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Tropical Marine Bioresource (Hainan Tropical Ocean University), Ministry of Education, Sanya, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cai L, Li Q, Deng Y, Liu X, Du W, Jiang X. Construction and expression of recombinant uricase‑expressing genetically engineered bacteria and its application in rat model of hyperuricemia. Int J Mol Med 2020; 45:1488-1500. [PMID: 32323736 PMCID: PMC7138262 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
At present, the treatment of hyperuricemia is designed primarily to decrease the production of uric acid using xanthine oxidase inhibitors; however, the therapeutic effect is not satisfactory. Therefore, the key to the successful treatment of hyperuricemia is to increase the excretion of uric acid. The aim of present study was to construct uricase-expressing genetically engineered bacteria and analyze the effects of these engineered bacteria on the lowering of uric acid levels in a rat model of hyperuricemia. The uricase expression vector was constructed by gene recombination technology and transfected into Escherichia coli. The expression and activity of uricase were analyzed by SDS-PAGE analysis and Bradford assay. The water consumption, food intake, body weight, eosinophil count and intestinal histology, in addition to the levels of serum uric acid (SUA) and allantoin in the feces of the rats, were assessed. The intestinal contents of the rats were analyzed by 16S rDNA sequencing technology. The results demonstrated that uricase-expressing genetically engineered bacteria secreted active uricase. All rats exhibited a natural growth trend during the entire experiment, and the SUA of hyperuricemic rats treated with uricase-expressing engineered bacteria was significantly decreased. In conclusion, these results indicate that uricase secreted by recombinant uricase-expressing genetically engineered bacteria served an important role in decreasing SUA levels in a rat model of hyperuricemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liming Cai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yongbing Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Xianjun Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Weihong Du
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Xue Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Tang J, Wang Y, Yin W, Dong G, Sun K, Teng Z, Wu X, Wang S, Qian Y, Pan X, Qian Q, Chu C. Mutation of a Nucleotide-Binding Leucine-Rich Repeat Immune Receptor-Type Protein Disrupts Immunity to Bacterial Blight. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 181:1295-1313. [PMID: 31431512 PMCID: PMC6836841 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.00686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Most characterized plant resistance proteins belong to the nucleotide-binding domain and Leu-rich repeat-containing (NLR) family. NLRs are present in an auto-inhibited state in the absence of specific pathogens, while gain-of-function mutations in NLRs usually cause autoimmunity. Here, we show that a gain-of-function mutation, weaker defense (wed), which caused a Phe-to-Leu substitution in the nucleotide-binding domain of a typical NLR in rice (Oryza sativa), led to enhanced susceptibility to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae The unexpected accumulation of salicylic acid (SA), along with downregulation of NONEXPRESSOR OF PR1 (NPR1), in wed indicates the potential presence of a feedback regulation loop of SA biosynthesis in rice. Epistasis analyses illustrated that SA accumulation and the NLR-associated components RAR1, OsRac1, and PhyB are dispensable for the wed phenotypes. Intriguingly, besides pattern-triggered immunity, effector-triggered immunity conferred by different resistance proteins, including Xa3/Xa26, Xa4, and Xa21, was also disturbed by wed to a certain extent, indicating the existence of shared regulatory mechanisms for various defense systems. The identification of wed therefore provides a unique system for genetic dissection of shared immune signaling pathways activated by different types of immune receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiuyou Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, and the Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yiqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, and the Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wenchao Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, and the Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Guojun Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Kai Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, and the Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhenfeng Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, and the Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xujiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Shimei Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Yangwen Qian
- Biogle Genome Editing Center, Changzhou 213125, China
| | - Xuebiao Pan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Qian Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Chengcai Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, and the Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang M, Xu S. A coordinate descent approach for sparse Bayesian learning in high dimensional QTL mapping and genome-wide association studies. Bioinformatics 2019; 35:4327-4335. [PMID: 31081037 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btz244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Genomic scanning approaches that detect one locus at a time are subject to many problems in genome-wide association studies and quantitative trait locus mapping. The problems include large matrix inversion, over-conservativeness for tests after Bonferroni correction and difficulty in evaluation of the total genetic contribution to a trait's variance. Targeting these problems, we take a further step and investigate a multiple locus model that detects all markers simultaneously in a single model. RESULTS We developed a sparse Bayesian learning (SBL) method for quantitative trait locus mapping and genome-wide association studies. This new method adopts a coordinate descent algorithm to estimate parameters (marker effects) by updating one parameter at a time conditional on current values of all other parameters. It uses an L2 type of penalty that allows the method to handle extremely large sample sizes (>100 000). Simulation studies show that SBL often has higher statistical powers and the simulated true loci are often detected with extremely small P-values, indicating that SBL is insensitive to stringent thresholds in significance testing. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION An R package (sbl) is available on the comprehensive R archive network (CRAN) and https://github.com/MeiyueComputBio/sbl/tree/master/R%20packge. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meiyue Wang
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Shizhong Xu
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Physiological and Transcriptome Analysis of a Yellow-Green Leaf Mutant in Birch (Betula platyphylla × B. Pendula). FORESTS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/f10020120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophyll (Chl)-deficient mutants are ideal materials for the study of Chl biosynthesis, chloroplast development, and photosynthesis. Although the genes encoding key enzymes related to Chl biosynthesis have been well-characterized in herbaceous plants, rice (Oryza sativa L.), Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), and maize (Zea mays L.), yellow-green leaf mutants have not yet been fully studied in tree species. In this work, we explored the molecular mechanism of the leaf color formation in a yellow-green leaf mutant (yl). We investigated the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between yl and control plants (wild type birch (WT) and BpCCR1 overexpression line 11, (C11)) by transcriptome sequencing. Approximately 1163 genes (874 down-regulated and 289 up-regulated) and 930 genes (755 down-regulated and 175 up-regulated) were found to be differentially expressed in yl compared with WT and C11, respectively. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis for DEGs revealed that photosynthesis antenna proteins represent the most significant enriched pathway. The expressions of photosynthesis antenna proteins are crucial to the leaf color formation in yl. We also found that Chl accumulate, leaf anatomical structure, photosynthesis, and growth were affected in yl. Taken together, our results not only provide the difference of phenomenal, physiological, and gene expression characteristics in leaves between yl mutant and control plants, but also provide a new insight into the mutation underlying the chlorotic leaf phenotype in birch.
Collapse
|
19
|
Fast mapping of a chlorophyll b synthesis-deficiency gene in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) via bulked-segregant analysis with reduced-representation sequencing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cj.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
20
|
Liu J, Chang X, Ding B, Zhong S, Peng L, Wei Q, Meng J, Yu Y. PhDHS Is Involved in Chloroplast Development in Petunia. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:284. [PMID: 30930919 PMCID: PMC6424912 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Deoxyhypusine synthase (DHS) is encoded by a nuclear gene and is the key enzyme involved in the post-translational activation of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF5A. DHS plays important roles in plant growth and development. To gain a better understanding of DHS, the petunia (Petunia hybrida) PhDHS gene was isolated, and the role of PhDHS in plant growth was analyzed. PhDHS protein was localized to the nucleus and cytoplasm. Virus-mediated PhDHS silencing caused a sectored chlorotic leaf phenotype. Chlorophyll levels and photosystem II activity were reduced, and chloroplast development was abnormal in PhDHS-silenced leaves. In addition, PhDHS silencing resulted in extended leaf longevity and thick leaves. A proteome assay revealed that 308 proteins are upregulated and 266 proteins are downregulated in PhDHS-silenced plants compared with control, among the latter, 21 proteins of photosystem I and photosystem II and 12 thylakoid (thylakoid lumen and thylakoid membrane) proteins. In addition, the mRNA level of PheIF5A-1 significantly decreased in PhDHS-silenced plants, while that of another three PheIF5As were not significantly affected in PhDHS-silenced plants. Thus, silencing of PhDHS affects photosynthesis presumably as an indirect effect due to reduced expression of PheIF5A-1 in petunia. Significance: PhDHS-silenced plants develop yellow leaves and exhibit a reduced level of photosynthetic pigment in mesophyll cells. In addition, arrested development of chloroplasts is observed in the yellow leaves.
Collapse
|
21
|
Ye J, Yang YL, Wei XH, Niu XJ, Wang S, Xu Q, Yuan XP, Yu HY, Wang YP, Feng Y, Wang S. PGL3 is required for chlorophyll synthesis and impacts leaf senescence in rice. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2018; 19:263-273. [PMID: 29616502 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1700337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Rice leaf color mutants play a great role in research about the formation and development of chloroplasts and the genetic mechanism of the chlorophyll (Chl) metabolism pathway. pgl3 is a rice leaf color mutant derived from Xiushui11 (Oryza sativa L. spp. japonica), treated with ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS). The mutant exhibited a pale-green leaf (pgl) phenotype throughout the whole development as well as reduced grain quality. Map-based cloning of PGL3 revealed that it encodes the chloroplast signal recognition particle 43 kDa protein (cpSRP43). PGL3 affected the Chl synthesis by regulating the expression levels of the Chl synthesis-associated genes. Considerable reactive oxygen species were accumulated in the leaves of pgl3, and the transcription levels of its scavenging genes were down-regulated, indicating that pgl3 can accelerate senescence. In addition, high temperatures could inhibit the plant's growth and facilitate the process of senescence in pgl3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ye
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.,State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Yao-Long Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Xing-Hua Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Shan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Qun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Han-Yong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Yi-Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Yue Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Shu Wang
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Identification and Comparative Analysis of Premature Senescence Leaf Mutants in Rice (Oryza sativa L.). Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010140. [PMID: 29301377 PMCID: PMC5796089 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Premature leaf senescence negatively impacts the grain yield in the important monocot rice (Oryza sativa L.); to understand the molecular mechanism we carried out a screen for mutants with premature senescence leaves in a mutant bank generated by ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis of elite indica rice ZhongJian100. Five premature senescence leaf (psl15, psl50, psl89, psl117 and psl270) mutants were identified with distinct yellowish phenotypes on leaves starting from the tillering stage to final maturation. Moreover, these mutants exhibited significantly increased malonaldehyde content, decreased chlorophyll content, reduced numbers of chloroplast and grana thylakoid, altered photosynthetic ability and expression of photosynthesis-related genes. Furthermore, the expression of senescence-related indicator OsI57 was significantly up-regulated in four mutants. Histochemical analysis indicated that cell death and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation occurred in the mutants with altered activities of ROS scavenging enzymes. Both darkness and abscisic acid (ABA) treatments could induce leaf senescence and resulted in up- or down-regulation of ABA metabolism-related genes in the mutants. Genetic analysis indicated that all the premature senescence leaf mutants were controlled by single non-allelic recessive genes. The data suggested that mechanisms underlying premature leaf senescence are likely different among the mutants. The present study would facilitate us to further fine mapping, cloning and functional characterization of the corresponding genes mediating the premature leaf senescence in rice.
Collapse
|
23
|
Complementation of a mutation in CpSRP43 causing partial truncation of light-harvesting chlorophyll antenna in Chlorella vulgaris. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17929. [PMID: 29263352 PMCID: PMC5738337 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18221-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Photosynthesis of microalgae enables conversion of light energy into chemical energy to produce biomass and biomaterials. However, the efficiency of this process must be enhanced, and truncation of light-harvesting complex (LHC) has been suggested to improve photosynthetic efficiency. We reported an EMS-induced mutant (E5) showing partially reduced LHC in Chlorella vulgaris. We determined the mutation by sequencing the whole genome of WT and E5. Augustus gene prediction was used for determining CDS, and non-synonymous changes in E5 were screened. Among these, we found a point mutation (T to A) in a gene homologous to chloroplast signal recognition particle 43 kDa (CpSRP43). The point mutation changed the 102nd valine to glutamic acid (V102E) located in the first chromodomain. Phylogenetic analyses of CpSRP43 revealed that this amino acid was valine or isoleucine in microalgae and plants, suggesting important functions. Transformation of E5 with WT CpSRP43 showed varying degrees of complementation, which was demonstrated by partial recovery of the LHCII proteins to the WT level, and partially restored photosynthetic pigments, photosynthetic ETR, NPQ, and growth, indicating that the V102E mutation was responsible for the reduced LHC in E5.
Collapse
|
24
|
Ma X, Sun X, Li C, Huan R, Sun C, Wang Y, Xiao F, Wang Q, Chen P, Ma F, Zhang K, Wang P, Deng X. Map-based cloning and characterization of the novel yellow-green leaf gene ys83 in rice (Oryza sativa). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 111:1-9. [PMID: 27875742 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Leaf-color mutants have been extensively studied in rice, and many corresponding genes have been identified up to now. However, leaf-color mutation mechanisms are diverse and still need further research through identification of novel genes. In the present paper, we isolated a leaf-color mutant, ys83, in rice (Oryza sativa). The mutant displayed a yellow-green leaf phenotype at seedling stage, and then slowly turned into light-green leaf from late tillering stage. In its yellow leaves, photosynthetic pigment contents significantly decreased and the chloroplast development was retarded. The mutant phenotype was controlled by a recessive mutation in a nuclear gene on the short arm of rice chromosome 2. Map-based cloning and sequencing analysis suggested that the candidate gene was YS83 (LOC_Os02g05890) encoding a protein containing 165 amino acid residues. Gene YS83 was expressed in a wide range of tissues, and its encoded protein was targeted to the chloroplast. In the mutant, a T-to-A substitution occurred in coding sequence of gene YS83, which caused a premature translation of its encoded product. By introduction of the wild-type gene, the ys83 mutant recovered to normal green-leaf phenotype. Taken together, we successfully identified a novel yellow-green leaf gene YS83. In addition, number of productive panicles per plant and number of spikelets per panicle only reduced by 6.7% and 7.6%, respectively, meanwhile its seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight (seed size) were not significantly affected in the mutant, so leaf-color mutant gene ys83 could be used as a trait marker gene in commercial hybrid rice production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhi Ma
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Sun
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; School of Automobile & Transportation, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Chunmei Li
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Rui Huan
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Changhui Sun
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Fuliang Xiao
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Purui Chen
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Furong Ma
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Kuan Zhang
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Pingrong Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Xiaojian Deng
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| |
Collapse
|