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Chen CF, Chen CM, Huang WC, Liu SH, Wang LL, Liu PF, Chen PH. The use of customized 3D-printed mandibular prostheses with pressure-reducing device: A clinical trial. Head Neck 2024; 46:1614-1624. [PMID: 38328961 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Segmental bone defects of the mandible result in the complete loss of the affected region. We had incorporated the pressure-reducing device (PRD) designs into the customized mandible prostheses (CMP) and conducted a clinical trial to evaluate this approach. METHODS Seven patients were enrolled in this study. We examined the association among the history of radiotherapy, the number of CMP regions, the number of chin regions involved, and CMP exposure. RESULTS We included five men and two women with an average age of 55 years. We excised tumors with an average weight of 147.8 g and the average weight of the CMP was 68.5 g. No significant difference between the two weights was noted (p = 0.3882). Three patients received temporary dentures and the CMP remained stable in all patients. CONCLUSION The use of PRD in CMP may address the previous challenges associated with CMP, but further research is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Feng Chen
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Dental Laboratory Technology, Shu Zen College of Medicine & Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ming Chen
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chin Huang
- Laser and Additive Manufacturing Technology Center, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Ho Liu
- Laser and Additive Manufacturing Technology Center, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Lin Wang
- KSVGH Originals & Enterprises, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Feng Liu
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Ho Chen
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Berto LA, Ettmayer JB, Stutzer D, Nietzsche S, Niederhauser T, Burger J, Sculean A, Eick S, Hofmann M. In-vitro effects of novel periodontal scalers with a planar ultrasonic piezoelectric transducer on periodontal biofilm removal, dentine surface roughness, and periodontal ligament fibroblasts adhesion. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:294. [PMID: 38698252 PMCID: PMC11065928 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05671-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare ultrasonic scaler prototypes based on a planar piezoelectric transducer with different working frequencies featuring a titanium (Ti-20, Ti-28, and Ti-40) or stainless steel (SS-28) instrument, with a commercially available scaler (com-29) in terms of biofilm removal and reformation, dentine surface roughness and adhesion of periodontal fibroblasts. MATERIALS AND METHODS A periodontal multi-species biofilm was formed on specimens with dentine slices. Thereafter specimens were instrumented with scalers in a periodontal pocket model or left untreated (control). The remaining biofilms were quantified and allowed to reform on instrumented dentine slices. In addition, fibroblasts were seeded for attachment evaluation after 72 h of incubation. Dentine surface roughness was analyzed before and after instrumentation. RESULTS All tested instruments reduced the colony-forming unit (cfu) counts by about 3 to 4 log10 and the biofilm quantity (each p < 0.01 vs. control), but with no statistically significant difference between the instrumented groups. After 24-hour biofilm reformation, no differences in cfu counts were observed between any groups, but the biofilm quantity was about 50% in all instrumented groups compared to the control. The attachment of fibroblasts on instrumented dentine was significantly higher than on untreated dentine (p < 0.05), with the exception of Ti-20. The dentine surface roughness was not affected by any instrumentation. CONCLUSIONS The planar piezoelectric scaler prototypes are able to efficiently remove biofilm without dentine surface alterations, regardless of the operating frequency or instrument material. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Ultrasonic scalers based on a planar piezoelectric transducer might be an alternative to currently available ultrasonic scalers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Aranha Berto
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, Bern, CH-3010, Switzerland
| | - Johanna Blanda Ettmayer
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, Bern, CH-3010, Switzerland
| | - Diego Stutzer
- Institute for Human Centered Engineering, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Quellgasse 21, Biel, CH-2501, Switzerland
| | - Sandor Nietzsche
- Center of Electron Microscopy, University Hospital Jena, Ziegelmühlenweg 1, D-07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Niederhauser
- Institute for Human Centered Engineering, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Quellgasse 21, Biel, CH-2501, Switzerland
| | - Juergen Burger
- School of Biomedical and Precision Engineering, University of Bern, Gueterstrasse 24/26, Bern, CH-3008, Switzerland
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, Bern, CH-3010, Switzerland
| | - Sigrun Eick
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, Bern, CH-3010, Switzerland.
| | - Martin Hofmann
- School of Biomedical and Precision Engineering, University of Bern, Gueterstrasse 24/26, Bern, CH-3008, Switzerland
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Hart I, Wells C, Tsigarida A, Bezerra B. Effectiveness of mechanical and chemical decontamination methods for the treatment of dental implant surfaces affected by peri-implantitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Exp Dent Res 2024; 10:e839. [PMID: 38345466 PMCID: PMC10847712 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess which decontamination method(s) used for the debridement of titanium surfaces (disks and dental implants) contaminated with bacterial, most efficiently eliminate bacterial biofilms. MATERIAL AND METHODS A systematic search was conducted in four electronic databases between January 1, 2010 and October 31, 2022. The search strategy followed the PICOS format and included only in vitro studies completed on either dental implant or titanium disk samples. The assessed outcome variable consisted of the most effective method(s)-chemical or mechanical- removing bacterial biofilm from titanium surfaces. A meta-analysis was conducted, and data was summarized through single- and multi-level random effects model (p < .05). RESULTS The initial search resulted in 5260 articles after the removal of duplicates. After assessment by title, abstract, and full-text review, a total of 13 articles met the inclusion criteria for this review. Different decontamination methods were assessed, including both mechanical and chemical, with the most common method across studies being chlorhexidine (CHX). Significant heterogeneity was noted across the included studies. The meta-analyses only identified a significant difference in biofilm reduction when CHX treatment was compared against PBS. The remaining comparisons did not identify significant differences between the various decontamination methods. CONCLUSIONS The present results do not demonstrate that one method of decontamination is superior in eliminating bacterial biofilm from titanium disk and implant surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iain Hart
- Department of Periodontology, Eastman Institute for Oral HealthUniversity of RochesterRochesterNew YorkUSA
| | - Christine Wells
- Statistical Methods and Data AnalyticsUCLA Office of Advanced Research ComputingLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Alexandra Tsigarida
- Department of Periodontology, Eastman Institute for Oral HealthUniversity of RochesterRochesterNew YorkUSA
| | - Beatriz Bezerra
- Section of Periodontics, Division of Regenerative and Reconstructive SciencesUCLA School of DentistryLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
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Clementini M, Fabrizi S, Discepoli N, Minoli M, De Sanctis M. Evaluation of the adjunctive use of Er:YAG laser or erythritol powder air-polishing in the treatment of peri-implant mucositis: A randomized clinical trial. Clin Oral Implants Res 2023; 34:1267-1277. [PMID: 37655744 DOI: 10.1111/clr.14167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess the efficacy of Er:YAG laser (ERL) and erythritol powder air-polishing (AP) in addition to the submarginal instrumentation in the non-surgical treatment of peri-implant mucositis (PM). MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with at least one implant diagnosed with PM were included in the present 6-month randomized clinical trial (RCT). Implants were randomly assigned to one of the three treatment groups after submarginal instrumentation: AP (test 1 group), ERL (test 2 group) or no adjunctive methods (control group). The primary and secondary outcomes were, respectively, bleeding on probing (BoP) reduction and, complete disease resolution (total absence of BoP) and probing pocket depth (PPD) changes. The patient and the implant were considered the statistical unit. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed. RESULTS A total of 75 patients were enrolled in the study. At each time point, significant BoP and PPD reductions were observed within each group. Intergroup analysis did not show statistically significant differences. Complete disease resolution ranged between 29% and 31%. The logistic regression showed that supramucosal restoration margin, PPD < 4 mm and vestibular keratinized mucosa (KM) significantly influenced the probability to obtain treatment success. CONCLUSION The adjunctive use of AP and ERL in PM non-surgical therapy does not seem to provide any significant or clinically relevant benefit in terms of BoP and PPD reductions and complete disease resolution, over the use of submarginal instrumentation alone. Baseline PPD < 4 mm, presence of buccal KM and supramucosal restoration margin may play a role in the complete resolution of PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Clementini
- Department of Periodontology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- UniCamillus-Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Fabrizi
- Department of Periodontology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Discepoli
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Unit of Periodontics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Margherita Minoli
- Department of Periodontology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo De Sanctis
- Department of Periodontology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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Dragidella A, Kameri A. Comparative Effects of Er:YAG Laser, Sodium Hypochlorite, and QMix on Root Canals Infected With Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans. J Lasers Med Sci 2023; 14:e43. [PMID: 38028868 PMCID: PMC10658127 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2023.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: During endodontic treatment, the smear layer can reduce disinfectant efficacy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of Er:YAG laser radiation and its combination with NaOCl and QMix against Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans and their comparison with conventional irrigation with only NaOCl and QMix. Methods: Two hundred extracted single-rooted teeth after root canal preparation were divided into two groups and inoculated with E. faecalis and C. albicans. According to the treatment method, all samples were divided into five treatment groups: (1) Er:YAG laser, (2) NaOCl, (3) QMix, (4) Er:YAG laser plus NaOCl, and (5) Er:YAG laser plus QMix. After 24 hours of agar plate cultivation, cell viability was recorded with a flow cytometer. Results: All treatment modalities showed efficiency in the reduction of microbial cells. For laser treatment alone after exposure for 90 seconds, significantly fewer non-death cells were seen, compared to 30-second treatment. For both timings (30 and 90 seconds), irrigation with NaOCl or QMix after laser application resulted in significantly fewer vital cells of E. faecalis and C. albicans, compared with laser treatment alone (P<0.001). The samples treated with only NaOCl showed a significantly higher percentage of vital E. faecalis and Candida albicans cells, compared to the samples treated with only QMix (P<0.001). Conclusion: Higher Er: YAG laser exposure time (90 seconds) after its combination with QMix and NaOCl improves the efficacy in the reduction of E. faecalis and C. albicans from the root canal, compared to 30-second laser exposure time and conventional irrigation methods with NaOCl and QMix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agime Dragidella
- Department of Dental Pathology and Endodontics, University of Prishtina “Hasan Prishtina”, Faculty of Medicine, Prishtina, Kosova
| | - Ariana Kameri
- Department of Dental Pathology and Endodontics, University of Prishtina “Hasan Prishtina”, Faculty of Medicine, Prishtina, Kosova
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Chen A, Ghaffar H, Taib H, Hassan A. A Review of Bacterial Colonization on Dental Implants With Various Hygiene Instruments. Cureus 2023; 15:e47483. [PMID: 38021779 PMCID: PMC10663103 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.47483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Peri-implant diseases can still develop despite oral hygiene practices being maintained. Consequently, regular debridement must be carried out to ensure the implant is sustained. This review evaluated bacterial colonization on implants following the use of different hygiene instruments. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus databases for articles published from 2012 to 2022. A total of 19 full-text papers were selected. The number of bacteria colonized was most commonly evaluated with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) or by colony-forming unit (CFU) counts, crystal violet assays, plaque index, probing depth, bleeding on probing, turbidity test, and live-dead assays. Rubber cup polishing with an abrasive paste showed a significantly greater reduction in biofilm formation compared with air abrasion with glycine powder, while the air abrasion treatment was found to be more efficient than piezoelectric, carbon, and stainless steel scalers. Surface treatment with Er, Cr: YSGG laser, and Er: YAG laser resulted in statistically significant superior dental biofilm removal compared with titanium curettes and photodynamic therapy. Air abrasion, plastic curette, titanium curette, and ultrasonic scaler showed no significant differences in bacterial colonization, but air abrasion and plastic curette were safer for zirconia implant decontamination. Furthermore, the titanium brush showed better results in decontaminating the implant surface than the Er: YAG laser. Although no single instrument or method could be considered as offering a gold standard in treating peri-implant diseases, the use of air abrasion with glycine powder, laser therapies, rubber cup polishing with an abrasive paste, and a titanium brush had high levels of cleaning efficacy and acceptance by patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashmita Chen
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, MYS
| | - Hareem Ghaffar
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, MYS
| | - Haslina Taib
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, MYS
| | - Akram Hassan
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, MYS
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Li Y, Sun G, Xie J, Xiao S, Lin C. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy against oral biofilm: influencing factors, mechanisms, and combined actions with other strategies. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1192955. [PMID: 37362926 PMCID: PMC10288113 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1192955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral biofilms are a prominent cause of a wide variety of oral infectious diseases which are still considered as growing public health problems worldwide. Oral biofilms harbor specific virulence factors that would aggravate the infectious process and present resistance to some traditional therapies. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has been proposed as a potential approach to eliminate oral biofilms via in situ-generated reactive oxygen species. Although numerous types of research have investigated the effectiveness of aPDT, few review articles have listed the antimicrobial mechanisms of aPDT on oral biofilms and new methods to improve the efficiency of aPDT. The review aims to summarize the virulence factors of oral biofilms, the progress of aPDT in various oral biofilm elimination, the mechanism mediated by aPDT, and combinatorial approaches of aPDT with other traditional agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Li
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Guanwen Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University Xiamen Humanity Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Jingchan Xie
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Suli Xiao
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Chen Lin
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
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Wang J, Geng T, Wang Y, Yuan C, Wang P. Efficacy of antibacterial agents combined with erbium laser and photodynamic therapy in reducing titanium biofilm vitality: an in vitro study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:32. [PMID: 36658553 PMCID: PMC9854221 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02730-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The emergence of peri-implant diseases has prompted various methods for decontaminating the implant surface. This study compared the effectiveness of three different approaches, chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) combined with erbium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG) laser, photodynamic therapy (PDT), and CHX only, for reducing biofilm vitality from implant-like titanium surfaces. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS The study involved eight volunteers, each receiving a custom mouth device containing eight titanium discs. The volunteers were requested to wear the device for 72 h for biofilm development. Fluorescence microscopy was used to evaluate the remaining biofilm with a two-component nucleic acid dye kit. The vital residual biofilm was quantified as a percentage of the surface area using image analysis software. Sixty-four titanium discs were assigned randomly to one of four treatment groups. RESULTS The percentage of titanium disc area covered by vital residual biofilm was 43.9% (7.7%), 32.2% (7.0%), 56.6% (3.6%), and 73.2% (7.8%) in the PDT, Er:YAG, CHX, and control groups, respectively (mean (SD)). Compared to the control group, the treatment groups showed significant differences in the area covered by residual biofilm (P < 0.001). CHX combined with Er:YAG laser treatment was superior to CHX combined with PDT, and CHX only was better than the control. CONCLUSION Within the current in vitro model's limitations, CHX combined with Er:YAG laser treatment is a valid method to reduce biofilm vitality on titanium discs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- grid.417303.20000 0000 9927 0537School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China ,grid.417303.20000 0000 9927 0537Center of Implant Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Tengyu Geng
- grid.417303.20000 0000 9927 0537School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China ,grid.417303.20000 0000 9927 0537Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yuzhuo Wang
- grid.417303.20000 0000 9927 0537School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China ,grid.417303.20000 0000 9927 0537Center of Implant Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Changyong Yuan
- grid.417303.20000 0000 9927 0537School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China ,grid.417303.20000 0000 9927 0537Center of Implant Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Penglai Wang
- grid.417303.20000 0000 9927 0537School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China ,grid.417303.20000 0000 9927 0537Center of Implant Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Stein JM, Conrads G, Abdelbary MMH, Yekta-Michael SS, Buttler P, Glock J, Sadvandi G, Kaufmann R, Apel C. Antimicrobial efficiency and cytocompatibility of different decontamination methods on titanium and zirconium surfaces. Clin Oral Implants Res 2023; 34:20-32. [PMID: 36259118 DOI: 10.1111/clr.14014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficiency of different implant-decontamination methods regarding biofilm modification and potential cytotoxic effects. Therefore, the amount of biofilm reduction, cytocompatibility, and elementary surface alterations were evaluated after decontamination of titanium and zirconium surfaces. MATERIAL AND METHODS Titanium and zirconium disks were contaminated with a newly developed high-adherence biofilm consisting of six microbial species. Decontaminations were performed using titanium curette, stainless steel ultrasonic scaler (US), glycine (GPAP) and erythritol (EPAP) powder air-polishing, Er:YAG laser, 1% chlorhexidine (CHX), 10% povidone-iodine (PVI), 14% doxycycline (doxy), and 0.95% NaOCl solution. Microbiologic analysis was done using real-time qPCR. For assessment of cytocompatibility, a multiplex assay for the detection of cytotoxicity, viability, and apoptosis on human gingival fibroblasts was performed. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to evaluate chemical alterations on implant surfaces. RESULTS Compared with untreated control disks, only GPAP, EPAP, US, and Er:YAG laser significantly reduced rRNA counts (activity) on titanium and zirconium (p < .01), whereas NaOCl decreased rRNA count on titanium (p < .01). Genome count (bacterial presence) was significantly reduced by GPAP, EPAP, and US on zirconium only (p < .05). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses revealed relevant re-exposure of implant surface elements after GPAP, EPAP, and US treatment on both materials, however, not after Er:YAG laser application. Cytocompatibility was impaired by CHX, PVI, doxy, and NaOCl. CHX and PVI resulted in the lowest viability and doxy in the highest apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Within the limits of this in vitro study, air-polishing methods and ultrasonic device resulted in effective biofilm inactivation with surface re-exposure and favorable cytocompatibility on titanium and zirconium. Chemical agents, when applied on implant surfaces, may cause potential cytotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal M Stein
- Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital (RWTH), Aachen, Germany.,Private Practice, Aachen, Germany
| | - Georg Conrads
- Division of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mohamed M H Abdelbary
- Division of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Patricia Buttler
- Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital (RWTH), Aachen, Germany
| | - Joanna Glock
- Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital (RWTH), Aachen, Germany
| | - Gelareh Sadvandi
- Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital (RWTH), Aachen, Germany
| | - Robert Kaufmann
- DWI - Leibnitz-Institut für Interaktive Materialien, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Apel
- Department of Biohybrid & Medical Textiles (BioTex), Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University & Hospital, Germany
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Laser as an innovative tool, its implications and advances in dentistry: A systematic review. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpap.2022.100148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Kadkhodazadeh M, Amid R, Gilvari Sarshari M, Mojahedi M, Parhizkar A. A comparison of human dental pulp stem cell activity cultured on sandblasted titanium discs decontaminated with Er:YAG laser and air-powder abrasion: an in vitro study. Lasers Med Sci 2022; 37:3259-3268. [PMID: 35907129 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-022-03615-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Decontamination of implant surfaces is important to the treatment of peri-implantitis. Er:YAG laser and air-powder abrasion system are regarded as the most effective means of decontamination of implant surfaces. The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the activity of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) cultured on decontaminated sandblasted titanium discs using Er:YAG laser irradiation and air-powder abrasion. Forty-five titanium discs were contaminated with Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria and fifteen titanium discs served as sterile control groups. Thirty contaminated titanium discs were decontaminated with Er:YAG laser or air-powder abrasion system and fifteen contaminated discs were used as contaminated control group. Afterwards, hDPSCs were seeded on all sixty experimental titanium discs. The effects of two decontamination tools on hDPSCs viability were evaluated by MTT assay. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay, quantitative real-time PCR analysis and alizarin red staining method were performed to assess hDPSCs osteogenic differentiation. Scanning microscope electron (SEM) was also used to evaluate the effects of two different decontaminated methods on cellular morphology. Our study showed that decontamination using Er:YAG laser caused maximum cell viability. However, the ALP activity was not different in laser and air-abrasion groups. The significant expression of an osteoblastic marker and stronger Alizarin red staining were observed in laser irradiation groups. In addition, SEM observation indicated that grown cells were more stretched and more filopodia in Er:YAG-treated discs. In the present study, Er:YAG laser and air-powder abrasion improved the activity of the cells cultured on the decontaminated titanium discs. However, in comparison with air-powder abrasion, Er:YAG laser was more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Kadkhodazadeh
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Daneshjoo Blvd, Daneshgah Square, Velenjak, Shahid Chamran Highway, Tehran, 19839-69411, Iran
| | - Reza Amid
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Daneshjoo Blvd, Daneshgah Square, Velenjak, Shahid Chamran Highway, Tehran, 19839-69411, Iran.,Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Daneshjoo Blvd, Daneshgah Square, Velenjak, Shahid Chamran Highway, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Maedeh Gilvari Sarshari
- School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Daneshjoo Blvd, Daneshgah Square, Velenjak, Shahid Chamran Highway, Tehran, 19839-6941, Iran.
| | - Massoud Mojahedi
- Department of Laser, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Daneshjoo Blvd, Daneshgah Square, Velenjak, Shahid Chamran Highway, Tehran, 19839-69411, Iran
| | - Ardavan Parhizkar
- Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Daneshjoo Blvd, Daneshgah Square, Velenjak, Shahid Chamran Highway, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran
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Heyder M, Sigusch B, Hoder-Przyrembel C, Schuetze J, Kranz S, Reise M. Clinical effects of laser-based cavity preparation on class V resin-composite fillings. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270312. [PMID: 35737699 PMCID: PMC9223344 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present clinically controlled two-year study was to investigate the influence of laser-based cavity preparation on the long-term performance of Class V resin-composite fillings. Class V non-carious lesions (n = 75) were randomly assigned to two test and one control group. Cavities in both test groups were prepared using an Er,Cr:YSGG laser (Waterlase MD, Biolase, Irvine, California, USA). The device was operated at 3 W (150 mJ, 30 J/cm2), 50% water, 60% air, 30 Hz in H mode. Subsequently, laser-prepared tooth surfaces in test group I (n = 21) were additionally conditioned by acid etching (etch-and-rinse). Laser-prepared cavities of test group II (n = 21) received no additional acid conditioning. After application of an adhesive, all cavities were restored using the resin-composite Venus®. For cavities in the control group (n = 33) conventional diamond burs were used for preparation which was followed by an etch-and-rinse step, too. The fillings were evaluated immediately (baseline) and after 6, 12 and 24 months of wear according to the C-criteria of the USPHS-compatible CPM-index. The results showed that after 24 month of wear, laser-preparation was associated with fillings of high clinical acceptability. Compared to conventional bur-based treatment, laser-based cavity preparation resulted in fillings with high marginal integrity and superior marginal ledge configurations (p = 0.003). Furthermore, laser-preparation combined with additional acid-conditioning (test group I) resulted in fillings with the best marginal integrity and the lowest number in marginal discoloration, especially at the enamel-composite margins (p = 0.044). In addition, total loss of fillings was also less frequently observed in both laser groups as compared to the control. The results clearly demonstrate that laser-based cavity preparation will benefit the clinical long-time performance of Class V resin-composite fillings. Furthermore, additional acid-conditioning after laser preparation is of advantage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Heyder
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Bernd Sigusch
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Juliane Schuetze
- Department of Fundamental Science, University of Applied Sciences, Jena, Germany
| | - Stefan Kranz
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Markus Reise
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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Huang P, Chen X, Chen Z, Chen M, He J, Peng L. Efficacy of Er:YAG laser irradiation for decontamination and its effect on biocompatibility of different titanium surfaces. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:649. [PMID: 34922525 PMCID: PMC8684230 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-02006-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Erbium yttrium–aluminum–garnet (Er:YAG) laser have been shown to be suitable for decontamination of titanium surfaces at a wide range of energy settings, however, high intensity of laser irradiation destroy titanium surface and low intensity cannot remove enough microbial biofilm. The aim of this study was to investigate the optimal energy setting of Er:YAG laser for decontamination of sandblasted/acid-etched (SLA) and hydroxyapatite (HA) titanium surfaces. Material and methods After supragingival biofilm construction in vivo, SLA and HA titanium discs were divided into three groups: blank control (BC, clean discs), experimental control (EC, contaminated discs) and experimental groups (EP, contaminated discs irradiated by Er:YAG laser at 40, 70, and 100 mJ/pulse). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), live/dead bacterial fluorescent detection, and colony counting assay were used to detect the efficacy of laser decontamination. To investigate the effect of laser decontamination on titanium surface biocompatibility, MC3T3-E1 cell adhesion and proliferation activity were examined by SEM and CCK-8 assay. Results Er:YAG laser irradiation at 100 mJ/pulse removed 84.1% of bacteria from SLA titanium surface; laser irradiation at 70 and 100 mJ/pulse removed 76.4% and 77.85% of bacteria from HA titanium surface respectively. Laser irradiation improved MC3T3-E1 cell adhesion on both titanium surfaces. For SLA titanium discs, 100 mJ/pulse group displayed excellent cellular proliferation activity higher than that in BC group (P < 0.01). For HA titanium discs, 70 mJ/pulse group showed the highest activity comparable to BC group (P > 0.05). Conclusions With regards to efficient microbial biofilm decontamination and biocompatibility maintenance, Er:YAG laser at 100 mJ/pulse and 70 mJ/pulse are considered as the optimal energy settings for SLA titanium and HA titanium surface respectively. This study provides theoretical basis for the clinical application of Er:YAG laser in the treatment of peri-implantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Science, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhongren Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinzhi He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Wang CY, Lee BS, Jhang YT, Ma KSK, Huang CP, Fu KL, Lai CH, Tseng WY, Kuo MYP, Chen YW. Er:YAG laser irradiation enhances bacterial and lipopolysaccharide clearance and human gingival fibroblast adhesion on titanium discs. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23954. [PMID: 34907255 PMCID: PMC8671504 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03434-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effect of Er:YAG laser treatment on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) clearance and fibroblast adhesion on titanium disks. Grade IV titanium discs (n = 216) were used and allocated to 6 groups. Group 1 was the negative control without Porphyromonas gingivalis inoculation. Discs in Groups 2-6 were incubated with P. gingivalis to form a biofilm. Group 3 received 0.12% chlorhexidine irrigation and Group 4 received titanium curettage to remove the biofilm. Group 5 was treated with Er:YAG laser irradiation and Group 6 was treated with titanium curettage plus Er:YAG laser irradiation. The contact angle and surface roughness were measured after the various treatments. The surface microstructure and residual bacteria were examined using scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy, respectively. Residual LPS was examined using a limulus amoebocyte lysate assay and human gingival fibroblast adhesion was quantified using fluorescent microscopy. Curettage plus Er:YAG laser irradiation was the most effective method for removing bacteria and LPS. No significant difference in the amount of fibroblast adhesion was found between the control and Group 6. Combined use of Er:YAG laser irradiation and curettage optimizes LPS clearance and fibroblast adhesion on titanium discs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Ying Wang
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Shiunn Lee
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ting Jhang
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University and National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 1 Chang-Te Street, Taipei, 10048, Taiwan
| | - Kevin Sheng-Kai Ma
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Pang Huang
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University and National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 1 Chang-Te Street, Taipei, 10048, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Lun Fu
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University and National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 1 Chang-Te Street, Taipei, 10048, Taiwan
| | - Chern-Hsiung Lai
- College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Yu Tseng
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mark Yen-Ping Kuo
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Chen
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University and National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 1 Chang-Te Street, Taipei, 10048, Taiwan.
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AlMoharib HS, Steffensen B, Zoukhri D, Finkelman M, Gyurko R. Efficacy of an Er:YAG laser in the decontamination of dental implant surfaces: An in vitro study. J Periodontol 2021; 92:1613-1621. [PMID: 33687796 DOI: 10.1002/jper.20-0765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emergence of peri-implant diseases led to the development of various methods for implant surface decontamination. This study was designed to compare the efficacy of biofilm removal from implant-like titanium surfaces by an erbium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG) laser, titanium brush, and carbon fiber curet. METHODS Eight study subjects were recruited. A custom mouth appliance that held eight sandblasted and acid-etched titanium discs was fabricated for each subject. Subjects were asked to wear this appliance for 72 hours to allow for biofilm development. After retrieval, discs were removed and randomized to one of four treatment groups. The discs were stained with a two-component nucleic acid dye kit, and the residual biofilm was visualized under fluorescence microscopy. Quantification of residual biofilm was performed using an image analysis software and expressed as the percentage surface area. RESULTS Fifty-nine titanium discs were randomized to the four treatment groups. The percentage of titanium disc area covered by residual biofilm was 74.0% ± 21.6%, 32.8% ± 24.0%, 11.8% ± 10.3%, and 20.1% ± 19.2% in the control, Er:YAG, titanium brush and carbon fiber curet groups, respectively (mean ± SD). The biofilm-covered area significantly decreased in each of the three treatment groups compared with control (P < 0.008). Comparisons between treatment groups did not reveal statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS Er:YAG laser treatment is an effective method for reducing the bacterial biofilm on titanium discs. However, on a threadless titanium surface, Er:YAG laser does not exhibit a significantly greater efficacy in biofilm removal than commonly used titanium brushes or carbon fiber curets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani S AlMoharib
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Periodontology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bjorn Steffensen
- Department of Periodontology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Driss Zoukhri
- Department of Comprehensive Care, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Matthew Finkelman
- Department of Public Health and Community Service, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert Gyurko
- Department of Periodontology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Dhaliwal JS, Abd Rahman NA, Ming LC, Dhaliwal SKS, Knights J, Albuquerque Junior RF. Microbial Biofilm Decontamination on Dental Implant Surfaces: A Mini Review. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:736186. [PMID: 34692562 PMCID: PMC8531646 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.736186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction After insertion into the bone, implants osseointegrate, which is required for their long-term success. However, inflammation and infection around the implants may lead to implant failure leading to peri-implantitis and loss of supporting bone, which may eventually lead to failure of implant. Surface chemistry of the implant and lack of cleanliness on the part of the patient are related to peri-implantitis. The only way to get rid of this infection is decontamination of dental implants. Objective This systematic review intended to study decontamination of microbial biofilm methods on titanium implant surfaces used in dentistry. Methods The electronic databases Springer Link, Science Direct, and PubMed were explored from their inception until December 2020 to identify relevant studies. Studies included had to evaluate the efficiency of new strategies either to prevent formation of biofilm or to treat matured biofilm on dental implant surfaces. Results and Discussion In this systematic review, 17 different groups of decontamination methods were summarized from 116 studies. The decontamination methods included coating materials, mechanical cleaning, laser treatment, photodynamic therapy, air polishing, anodizing treatment, radiation, sonication, thermal treatment, ultrasound treatment, chemical treatment, electrochemical treatment, antimicrobial drugs, argon treatment, and probiotics. Conclusion The findings suggest that most of the decontamination methods were effective in preventing the formation of biofilm and in decontaminating established biofilm on dental implants. This narrative review provides a summary of methods for future research in the development of new dental implants and decontamination techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagjit Singh Dhaliwal
- Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei, Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei
| | - Nurul Adhwa Abd Rahman
- Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei, Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei, Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei
| | - Sachinjeet Kaur Sodhi Dhaliwal
- Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei, Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei
| | - Joe Knights
- Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei, Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei
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Secgin-Atar A, Aykol-Sahin G, Kocak-Oztug NA, Yalcin F, Gokbuget A, Baser U. Evaluation of Surface Change and Roughness in Implants Lost Due to Peri-Implantitis Using Erbium Laser and Various Methods: An In Vitro Study. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11102602. [PMID: 34685043 PMCID: PMC8540706 DOI: 10.3390/nano11102602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The aim of our study was to obtain similar surface properties and elemental composition to virgin implants after debridement of contaminated titanium implant surfaces covered with debris. Erbium-doped:yttrium, aluminum, and garnet (Er:YAG) laser, erbium, chromium-doped:yttrium, scandium, gallium, and garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser, curette, and ultrasonic device were applied to contaminated implant surfaces. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images were taken, the elemental profile of the surfaces was evaluated with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and the surface roughness was analyzed with profilometry. Twenty-eight failed implants and two virgin implants as control were included in the study. The groups were designed accordingly; titanium curette group, ultrasonic scaler with polyetheretherketone (PEEK) tip, Er: YAG very short pulse laser group (100 μs, 120 mJ/pulse 10 Hz), Er: YAG short-pulse laser group (300 μs, 120 mJ/pulse, 10 Hz), Er: YAG long-pulse laser group (600 μs, 120 mJ/pulse, 10 Hz), Er, Cr: YSGG1 laser group (1 W 10 Hz), Er, Cr: YSGG2 laser group (1.5 W, 30 Hz). In each group, four failed implants were debrided for 120 s. When SEM images and EDX findings and profilometry results were evaluated together, Er: YAG long pulse and ultrasonic groups were found to be the most effective for debridement. Furthermore, the two interventions have shown the closest topography of the sandblasted, large grit, acid-etched implant surface (SLA) as seen on virgin implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslihan Secgin-Atar
- Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, 34452 Istanbul, Turkey; (A.S.-A.); (N.A.K.-O.); (F.Y.)
| | - Gokce Aykol-Sahin
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Okan University, 34959 Istanbul, Turkey;
| | - Necla Asli Kocak-Oztug
- Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, 34452 Istanbul, Turkey; (A.S.-A.); (N.A.K.-O.); (F.Y.)
| | - Funda Yalcin
- Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, 34452 Istanbul, Turkey; (A.S.-A.); (N.A.K.-O.); (F.Y.)
| | | | - Ulku Baser
- Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, 34452 Istanbul, Turkey; (A.S.-A.); (N.A.K.-O.); (F.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +90-5053568644
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Bacterial reduction effect of four different dental lasers on titanium surfaces in vitro. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 36:1759-1767. [PMID: 34313893 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-021-03349-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Compare the effectiveness of selected dental lasers for decontamination of machined titanium surfaces in vitro. Seventy-two sterile machined surface titanium discs were individually inoculated with strains of Streptococcus mutans (Sm), Streptococcus oralis (So), Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), or all three bacteria together (MIX) at 34.0° C, 20.8% O2 and 5% CO2 for 12 h. After incubation, the discs were divided into six groups: 1) no treatment, 2) 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX), and 3) 10,600 CO2, 4) 810 nm diode, 5) 2780 nm Er,Cr:YSGG, 6) 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser groups. After treatment, any remaining viable bacteria were liberated from the discs via sonication, transferred onto brain heart infusion (BHI) agar plates for culturing, and colony-forming units (CFUs) were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed. There were statistically significantly differences (SSD) (p < 0.01) in bacterial reduction of discs individually inoculated with Aa between the Er,Cr:YSGG and Nd:YAG lasers. There was also a SSD (p < 0.01) lower effect with the MIX with the Er,Cr:YSGG compared with all other modalities. Bacterial reduction with the CO2 was better (p < 0.001) than treatment with CHX or the Er,Cr:YSGG laser on killing of So. Although all modalities of treatment showed a mean of 98% or greater viable bacterial reduction, the most consistent bacterial reduction of all titanium discs was with the Nd:YAG laser (100%).
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19
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Polak D, Shani-Kdoshim S, Alias M, Shapira L, Stabholz A. In vitro efficacy of biofilm removal from titanium surfaces using Er:YAG laser: Comparison of treatment protocols and ablation parameters. J Periodontol 2021; 93:100-109. [PMID: 34031877 DOI: 10.1002/jper.19-0574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aims of the present study were to compare the antibacterial effect of Er:YAG laser with other acceptable decontamination methods and to single out the optimal laser device parameters for effective bacterial elimination. METHODS A multispecies biofilm which was composed of Streptococcus sanguis, Actinomyces naeslundii, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Fusobacterium nucleatum was grown on sandblasted and acid-etched (SLA, homogeneous moderately microrough, and nanosmooth surface) titanium disks. The biofilm was removed from the coated disks by hand curets, ultrasonic device, nylon brush (dental polishing prophy cup), or Er:YAG. Additionally, different parameter combinations of the laser machine were examined to reach an optimal lasing power for bacterial elimination/reduction. Residual biofilm samples were stained with bacterial live/dead staining and quantified using a fluorescent microscope. RESULTS A multispecies biofilm was accumulated on the SLA titanium surfaces exhibiting cluster distribution next to bacteria-poor areas. Hand curets, nylon brushes, and the ultrasonic device showed limited capability to effectively remove the biofilm from the SLA surfaces as opposed to the Er:YAG which displayed a superior ability to remove the biofilm. All Er:YAG parameter combinations that were evaluated as well as the tested "tip to target" distances showed similar excellent anti-biofilm effects. Furthermore, we observed that the Er:YAG capability of biofilm removal is not only due to its light emission, but depends on its water irrigation as well. CONCLUSIONS Er:YAG laser has an excellent biofilm removal capability compared with hand curets, ultrasonic devices, or nylon brushes even when low energy parameters and low power settings are used. Additionally, an excellent antibacterial effect can be reached using a non-contact mode of 1 to 5 mm "tip to target" distance.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Polak
- Department of Periodontology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Faculty of Dental Medicine, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sharon Shani-Kdoshim
- Department of Periodontology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Faculty of Dental Medicine, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Mary Alias
- Department of Periodontology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Faculty of Dental Medicine, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Lior Shapira
- Department of Periodontology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Faculty of Dental Medicine, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ayala Stabholz
- Department of Periodontology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Faculty of Dental Medicine, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
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John G, Schwarz F, Kravchenko A, Ommerborn MA, Becker J. Effectivity of homecare and professional biofilm removal procedures on initial supragingival biofilm on laser-microtextured implant surfaces in an ex vivo model. Int J Implant Dent 2021; 7:51. [PMID: 34018065 PMCID: PMC8137787 DOI: 10.1186/s40729-021-00326-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of the current study was the evaluation of initial biofilm adhesion and development on laser-microtextured implant collar surfaces and the examination of effectivity of different biofilm management methods. Methods Initial biofilm formation was investigated on hydrophobic machined and laser-microtextured (Laser-Lok) titanium surfaces and hydrophobic machined and laser-microtextured (Laser-Lok) titanium aluminium vanadium surfaces and compared to hydrophobic smooth pickled titanium surfaces, hydrophilic smooth and acid etched titanium surfaces, hydrophobic sandblasted large grid and acid etched titanium surfaces (titanium Promote) via erythrosine staining and subsequent histomorphometrical analysis and scanning electron microscopic investigations. After decontamination procedures, performed via tooth brushing and glycine powder blasting, clean implant surface was detected via histomorphometrical analysis. Results After 24 h mean initial plaque area was detected in the following descending order: smooth pickled titanium > titanium Promote > hydrophilic smooth and acid etched titanium > Laser-Lok titanium > Laser-Lok titanium aluminium vanadium. The same order was determined after 48 h of biofilm formation. After glycine powder blasting all samples depicted almost 100% clean implant surface. After tooth brushing, Laser-Lok titanium (67.19%) and Laser-Lok titanium aluminium vanadium (69.80%) showed significantly more clean implant surface than the other structured surfaces, hydrophilic smooth and acid etched titanium (50.34%) and titanium Promote (33.89%). Smooth pickled titanium showed almost complete clean implant surface (98.84%) after tooth brushing. Conclusions Both Laser-Lok surfaces showed less initial biofilm formation after 24 and 48 h than the other implant surfaces. In combination with the significant higher clean implant surfaces after domestic decontamination procedure via tooth brushing, both Laser-Lok surfaces could be a candidate for modified implant and abutment designs, especially in transmucosal areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon John
- Department of Oral Surgery and Central Admittance, Westdeutsche Kieferklinik, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Frank Schwarz
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Carolinum, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Alexandra Kravchenko
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michelle Alicia Ommerborn
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jürgen Becker
- Department of Oral Surgery and Central Admittance, Westdeutsche Kieferklinik, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Lin CN, Ding SJ, Chen CC. Synergistic Photoantimicrobial Chemotherapy of Methylene Blue-Encapsulated Chitosan on Biofilm-Contaminated Titanium. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:346. [PMID: 33918682 PMCID: PMC8069275 DOI: 10.3390/ph14040346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Intensive efforts have been made to eliminate or substantial reduce bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation on titanium implants. However, in the management of peri-implantitis, the methylene blue (MB) photosensitizer commonly used in photoantimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) is limited to a low retention on the implant surface. The purpose of this study was to assess enhancive effect of water-soluble quaternary ammonium chitosan (QTS) on MB retention on biofilm-infected SLA (sandblasted, large grid, and acid-etched) Ti alloy surfaces in vitro. The effectiveness of QTS + MB with different concentrations in eliminating Gram-negative A. actinomycetemcomitans or Gram-positive S. mutans bacteria was compared before and after PACT. Bacterial counting and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) detection were examined, and then the growth of human osteoblast-like MG63 cells was evaluated. The results indicated that the synergistic QTS + MB with retention ability significantly decreased the biofilm accumulation on the Ti alloy surface, which was better than the same concentration of 1 wt% methyl cellulose (MC). More importantly, the osteogenic activity of MG63 cells on the disinfected sample treated by QTS + MB-PACT modality was comparable to that of sterile Ti control, significantly higher than that by MC + MB-PACT modality. It is concluded that, in terms of improved retention efficacy, effective bacteria eradication, and enhanced cell growth, synergistically, PACT using the 100 μg/mL MB-encapsulated 1% QTS was a promising modality for the treatment of peri-implantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiu-Nan Lin
- Institute of Oral Science, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan;
| | - Shinn-Jyh Ding
- Institute of Oral Science, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan;
- Department of Stomatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Cheng Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
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Wehner C, Laky M, Shokoohi-Tabrizi HA, Behm C, Moritz A, Rausch-Fan X, Andrukhov O. Effects of Er:YAG laser irradiation of different titanium surfaces on osteoblast response. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2021; 32:22. [PMID: 33675441 PMCID: PMC7936964 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-021-06493-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser irradiation on titanium surface topography and the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts using standard clinical treatment settings. Er:YAG laser irradiation at two levels ((1): 160 mJ, pulse at 20 Hz; (2): 80 mJ, pulse at 20 Hz) was applied to moderately rough and smooth titanium disks before MG-63 osteoblast-like cells were cultured on these surfaces. Titanium surface and cell morphology were observed by scanning electron microscopy. Cell proliferation/viability was measured by CCK-8 test. Gene expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OC), osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), and collagen type 1 was measured by qPCR, and OPG and OC protein production was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Treatment with Er:YAG laser at 160 mJ/20 Hz markedly caused heat-induced fusion of titanium and cell condensation on moderately rough surfaces, but not in smooth surfaces. MG-63 proliferation/viability decreased after 5 days in moderately rough surfaces. The expression of ALP, OC, OPG, and collagen type 1 was unaffected by laser treatment at 160 mJ/20. Laser irradiation at 80 mJ/20 Hz enhanced RANKL gene expression after 5 days in moderately rough surfaces. Study results suggest that Er:YAG laser irradiation at clinically relevant setting has no essential effect on osteogenic gene and protein expression of osteoblasts. However, surface structure, cell attachment, and proliferation are influenced by both treatment protocols, which implies that caution should be taken in the clinical treatment of peri-implant diseases when Er:YAG laser is used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Wehner
- Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Laky
- Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hassan Ali Shokoohi-Tabrizi
- Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Behm
- Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Orthodontics, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Moritz
- Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Xiaohui Rausch-Fan
- Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oleh Andrukhov
- Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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23
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Rocca JP, Fornaini C, Zhang Y, Zhen Y, Merigo E. Laser Multi-Wavelength Approach for the Treatment of Peri-Implantitis: A Case Report. J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2020; 46:614-618. [PMID: 32658974 DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-19-00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Paul Rocca
- Micoralis Research Laboratory, UFR Odontologie, University of Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.,Department of Stomatology, 2nd Hospital Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Carlo Fornaini
- Micoralis Research Laboratory, UFR Odontologie, University of Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.,Department of Stomatology, 2nd Hospital Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, China.,GAEM, Group of Applied ElectroMagnetics, Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, 2nd Hospital Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yinghua Zhen
- Department of Stomatology, 2nd Hospital Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Elisabetta Merigo
- Micoralis Research Laboratory, UFR Odontologie, University of Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.,Department of Stomatology, 2nd Hospital Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, China
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Etemadi A, Eftekhari Bayati S, Pourhajibagher M, Chiniforush N. In vitro effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with phycocyanin on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans biofilm on SLA titanium discs. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 32:102062. [PMID: 33068819 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.102062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) with phycocyanin on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans biofilm formed on sandblasted, large-grit, and acid-etched (SLA) titanium discs. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this in vitro experimental study, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), sublethal dose of diode laser irradiation time, and sublethal dose of aPDT were first determined. Next, 30 SLA titanium discs with 8 mm diameter and 2 mm thickness were incubated with A. actinomycetemcomitans in order for the bacterial biofilm to form, and were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 6): (I) negative control with no treatment, (II) positive control, immersed in 0.2 % chlorhexidine (CHX) for 5 min, (III) phycocyanin alone with ×2 MIC concentration for 5 min, (IV) diode laser alone (635 nm wavelength, 220 mW power), and (V) PDT with diode laser and phycocyanin. The samples were then sonicated, and the number of colony-forming units (CFUs) on each disc was calculated. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, t-test, and a post-hoc test. RESULTS aPDT with 125 μg/mL phycocyanin and 4 min irradiation of 635 nm diode laser decreasedA. actinomycetemcomitans biofilm by 40.07 %. The lowest mean colony count (CFUs/mL) was noted in 0.2 % CHX group (0.0 × 105 CFU/mL) while the highest mean was observed in the negative control group (4.55 ± 0.08 × 105 CFUs/mL). Using phycocyanin alone significantly decreased the A. actinomycetemcomitans count by 27.54 % (3.29 ± 0.06 × 105 CFUs/mL) compared with the negative control group (P < 0.0001). Significant differences were noted between the negative control and other groups (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION aPDT with phycocyanin and diode laser can decrease the A. actinomycetemcomitans biofilm on SLA titanium implant surfaces and can be used as a safe and non-invasive decontamination method for reduction of A. actinomycetemcomitans biofilm on implant surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardavan Etemadi
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Laser Research Center of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saba Eftekhari Bayati
- Dental Student, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Pourhajibagher
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Chiniforush
- Dental Implant Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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25
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Kubasiewicz-Ross P, Hadzik J, Gedrange T, Dominiak M, Jurczyszyn K, Pitułaj A, Nawrot-Hadzik I, Bortkiewicz O, Fleischer M. Antimicrobial Efficacy of Different Decontamination Methods as Tested on Dental Implants with Various Types of Surfaces. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e920513. [PMID: 32078588 PMCID: PMC7055194 DOI: 10.12659/msm.920513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Peri-implantitis is an inflammatory reaction affecting both hard and soft tissues surrounding dental implants. This pathological condition is caused by a polymicrobial aggressive biofilm that colonizes the implant and abutment surface at the peri-implant crevice level. The present in vitro study evaluated different methods of implant surface decontamination and assessed whether the type of the implant surface influences the results. Material/Methods The study was conducted in an in vitro model of peri-implantitis using 30 implants. The implants were divided into 3 equal groups based on the surface characteristics: machined-surface, sand-blasted and acid-etched, and HA-coated. Implants were coated with E. coli biofilm. After an incubation period, they were decontaminated with 4 different methods: sonic scaler application, sonic scaler application with the chemical agent Perisolv® combination, Er: YAG laser treatment, and PDT therapy with methylene blue as a photosensitizer. Results The highest level of decontamination was achieved for machined-surface implants and for the combined chemical-mechanical and Er: YAG laser treatment. Conclusions The results of our study suggest that the method of implant decontamination should be customized to the type of implant surface.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jakub Hadzik
- Department of Oral Surgery, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tomasz Gedrange
- Department of Orthodontics, Dresden Technical University, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marzena Dominiak
- Department of Oral Surgery, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Kamil Jurczyszyn
- Department of Oral Surgery, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Artur Pitułaj
- Department of Oral Surgery, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Olga Bortkiewicz
- Department of Microbiology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
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26
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Use of Erbium Laser in the Treatment of a Patient with Acute Purulent Periostitis and a Resistant Form of Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia. Case Rep Dent 2019; 2019:8260605. [PMID: 31531248 PMCID: PMC6721268 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8260605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In our article, we described a clinical case of a patient with an acute periostitis of the maxilla with a comorbidity (primary immune thrombocytopenia, resistant form) who was treated using laser technology allowing us to provide good results: an intensive regeneration process and a decreased risk of developing infection complications and unpleasant signs for the patient, such as postoperative edema and intraoperative and postoperative pain syndrome.
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27
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In- vitro-activity of additive application of hydrogen peroxide in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy using LED in the blue spectrum against bacteria and biofilm associated with periodontal disease. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 26:306-312. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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28
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Huang TC, Chen CJ, Chen CC, Ding SJ. Enhancing osteoblast functions on biofilm-contaminated titanium alloy by concentration-dependent use of methylene blue-mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 27:7-18. [PMID: 31117001 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The concentration of methylene blue (MB) photosensitizer could affect the eradication efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in the treatment of contaminated implants, which is linked to the osseointegration of the implant. We evaluated osteoblast functions on the contaminated SLA (sandblasting, large-grit and acid-etching) Ti alloy surfaces after the concentration-dependent use of MB-aPDT. Totally 1164 SLA discs were randomly distributed for the analyses of antibacterial efficacy and osteoblast functions. Gram-negative (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; A. actinomycetemcomitans) or Gram-positive (Streptococcus mutans; S. mutans) adhered on disc samples was subjected to aPDT with different MB concentrations (200, 250, 300, 350, and 400 μg/mL) using 660 nm diode laser with maximum output 80 mW for 1 min irradiation (4.8 J/cm2). Bactericidal effect was examined by viability, morphology, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) assays. The disinfected disc surfaces by MB-aPDT to support osteoblast-like MG63 attachment, proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization were assessed for the predetermined culture time intervals. The statistical differences between the means were performed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a post hoc Scheffe test. The results of the morphology observation and bacterial survival examination consistently indicated a remarkably lower quantity of bacterial colonies on biofilm-contaminated surfaces after the aPDT treatment with higher MB concentration. Similarly, the higher MB concentration in aPDT resulted in the lower LPS amounts remaining on the A. actinomycetemcomitans-contaminated surfaces. Intriguingly, the expression of osteoblast cultured on disinfected surfaces using aPDT with higher MB concentration was comparable to the control without contamination. Within the limits of this in vitro model, this formulation of 400 μg/mL MB used in aPDT may be not only the lethal concentration against the 2 bacteria-contaminated implants, but it could also enhance the osteoblast functions on the contaminated implants. Nevertheless, the efficacy in the clinical practice for peri-implantitis therapy remains to be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsun-Chin Huang
- Institute of Oral Science, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ju Chen
- Institute of Oral Science, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Cheng Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 402, Taiwan; School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan.
| | - Shinn-Jyh Ding
- Institute of Oral Science, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan; Department of Stomatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 402, Taiwan.
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29
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Alasqah MN. Antimicrobial efficacy of photodynamic therapy on dental implant surfaces: A systematic review of in vitro studies. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 25:349-353. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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30
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Decontamination of Dental Implant Surfaces by the Er:YAG Laser Beam: A Comparative in Vitro Study of Various Protocols. Dent J (Basel) 2018; 6:dj6040066. [PMID: 30513706 PMCID: PMC6313799 DOI: 10.3390/dj6040066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral rehabilitation with dental implants has revolutionized the field of dentistry and has been proven to be an effective procedure. However, the incidence of peri-implantitis has become an emerging concern. The efficacy of the decontamination of the implant surface, by means of lasers, is still controversial. Previous studies have revealed a reduction in osteoblast adhesion to carbon-contaminated implant surfaces. This in-vitro study aimed to evaluate the decontamination of failed implants by assessing the carbon proportion, after irradiation by low-energy erbium yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser (Er:YAG) (Fotona; 2940 nm, Ljubljana, Slovenia) for a single and for multiple passages, until getting a surface, free of organic matters; to find the appropriate procedure for dental-implant surface-decontamination. Ninety implants were used. Thirty sterile implants were kept as a negative control. Thirty failed implants were irradiated by the Er:YAG laser, for a single passage, and the other thirty, for multiple passages. The parameters used in our experiments were an irradiation energy of 50 mJ, frequency of 30 Hz, and an energy density of 3.76 J/cm2. A sapphire tip, with a length of 8 mm, was used with concomitant water spray irrigation, under air 6 and water spray 4. Super short pulse mode (SSP) was of 50 μs; irradiation speed being 2 mm/s. We used energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) to evaluate the carbon proportion on the surfaces of the sterile implants, the contaminated, and the lased implants, with one (LX1) and with three passages (LX3). Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA. Results showed mean difference between the three groups (contaminated, LX1, and LX3) with p < 0.0001, as between LX1 and Group A (p < 0.0001), while the difference between LX3 and the control group was not statistically significant. The decontamination of the implant surfaces with a low-energy Er:YAG laser with three passages, appeared to be an encouraging approach.
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31
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Khatoon Z, McTiernan CD, Suuronen EJ, Mah TF, Alarcon EI. Bacterial biofilm formation on implantable devices and approaches to its treatment and prevention. Heliyon 2018; 4:e01067. [PMID: 30619958 PMCID: PMC6312881 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e01067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 551] [Impact Index Per Article: 91.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In living organisms, biofilms are defined as complex communities of bacteria residing within an exopolysaccharide matrix that adheres to a surface. In the clinic, they are typically the cause of chronic, nosocomial, and medical device-related infections. Due to the antibiotic-resistant nature of biofilms, the use of antibiotics alone is ineffective for treating biofilm-related infections. In this review, we present a brief overview of concepts of bacterial biofilm formation, and current state-of-the-art therapeutic approaches for preventing and treating biofilms. Also, we have reviewed the prevalence of such infections on medical devices and discussed the future challenges that need to be overcome in order to successfully treat biofilms using the novel technologies being developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohra Khatoon
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, K1Y 4W7, Canada
| | - Christopher D. McTiernan
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, K1Y 4W7, Canada
| | - Erik J. Suuronen
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, K1Y 4W7, Canada
| | - Thien-Fah Mah
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emilio I. Alarcon
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, K1Y 4W7, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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32
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Takagi T, Aoki A, Ichinose S, Taniguchi Y, Tachikawa N, Shinoki T, Meinzer W, Sculean A, Izumi Y. Effective removal of calcified deposits on microstructured titanium fixture surfaces of dental implants with erbium lasers. J Periodontol 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jper.17-0389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toru Takagi
- Department of Periodontology; Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU); Tokyo Japan
| | - Akira Aoki
- Department of Periodontology; Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU); Tokyo Japan
| | - Shizuko Ichinose
- Research Center for Medical and Dental Sciences; Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU); Tokyo Japan
| | - Yoichi Taniguchi
- Department of Periodontology; Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU); Tokyo Japan
| | - Noriko Tachikawa
- Department of Oral Implantology and Regenerative Oral Medicine; Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU); Tokyo Japan
| | | | - Walter Meinzer
- Department of Periodontology; Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU); Tokyo Japan
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology; School of Dental Medicine; University of Bern; Bern Switzerland
| | - Yuichi Izumi
- Department of Periodontology; Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU); Tokyo Japan
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33
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Hu X, Huang YY, Wang Y, Wang X, Hamblin MR. Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy to Control Clinically Relevant Biofilm Infections. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1299. [PMID: 29997579 PMCID: PMC6030385 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilm describes a microbially-derived sessile community in which microbial cells are firmly attached to the substratum and embedded in extracellular polymeric matrix. Microbial biofilms account for up to 80% of all bacterial and fungal infections in humans. Biofilm-associated pathogens are particularly resistant to antibiotic treatment, and thus novel antibiofilm approaches needed to be developed. Antimicrobial Photodynamic therapy (aPDT) had been recently proposed to combat clinically relevant biofilms such as dental biofilms, ventilator associated pneumonia, chronic wound infections, oral candidiasis, and chronic rhinosinusitis. aPDT uses non-toxic dyes called photosensitizers (PS), which can be excited by harmless visible light to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). aPDT is a multi-stage process including topical PS administration, light irradiation, and interaction of the excited state with ambient oxygen. Numerous in vitro and in vivo aPDT studies have demonstrated biofilm-eradication or substantial reduction. ROS are produced upon photo-activation and attack adjacent targets, including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids present within the biofilm matrix, on the cell surface and inside the microbial cells. Damage to non-specific targets leads to the destruction of both planktonic cells and biofilms. The review aims to summarize the progress of aPDT in destroying biofilms and the mechanisms mediated by ROS. Finally, a brief section provides suggestions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- The Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ying-Ying Huang
- The Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yuguang Wang
- The Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Center of Digital Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- The Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
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34
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Laser reduction of specific microorganisms in the periodontal pocket using Er:YAG and Nd:YAG lasers: a randomized controlled clinical study. Lasers Med Sci 2018; 33:1461-1470. [PMID: 29766330 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-018-2491-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological and clinical outcomes following nonsurgical treatment by either scaling and root planing, combination of Nd:YAG and Er:YAG lasers, or by Er:YAG laser treatment alone. The study involved 60 patients with generalized chronic periodontitis, randomly assigned into one of three treatment groups of 20 patients. The first group received scaling and root planing by hand instruments (SRP group), the second group received Er:YAG laser treatment alone (Er group), and the third group received combined treatment with Nd:YAG and Er:YAG lasers (NdErNd group). Microbiological samples, taken from the periodontal pockets at baseline and 6 months after treatments, were assessed with PET Plus tests. The combined NdErNd laser (93.0%), followed closely by Er:YAG laser (84.9%), treatment resulted in the highest reduction of all bacteria count after 6 months, whereas SRP (46.2%) failed to reduce Treponema denticola, Peptostreptococcus micros, and Capnocytophaga gingivalis. Full-mouth plaque and bleeding on probing scores dropped after 6 months and were the lowest in both laser groups. The combination of NdErNd resulted in higher probing pocket depth reduction and gain of clinical attachment level (1.99 ± 0.23 mm) compared to SRP (0.86 ± 0.13 mm) or Er:YAG laser alone (0.93 ± 0.20 mm) in 4-6 mm-deep pockets. Within their limits, the present results provide support for the combination of Nd:YAG and Er:YAG lasers to additionally improve the microbiological and clinical outcomes of nonsurgical periodontal therapy in patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis.
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35
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Kellesarian SV, Ros Malignaggi V, Aldosary KM, Javed F. Laser-assisted removal of all ceramic fixed dental prostheses: A comprehensive review. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2017; 30:216-222. [DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Varela Kellesarian
- Department of General Dentistry; Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester; New York
| | - Vanessa Ros Malignaggi
- Department of General Dentistry; Dental School, Santa Maria University; Caracas Venezuela
| | - Khaled M. Aldosary
- King Khaled University Hospital; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Fawad Javed
- Department of General Dentistry; Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester; New York
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