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Vázquez-Pérez LA, Hattori-Hara M, Arankowsky-Sandoval G, Pérez-Mendoza G, Rubi-Castellanos R, Rangel-Méndez JA, Pinto-Escalante D, Canto-Cetina T, González-Herrera L. Association between personality traits, eating behaviors, and the genetic polymorphisms FTO-rs9939609 and MAO-A 30 bp u-VNTR with obesity in Mexican Mayan children. Front Genet 2024; 15:1421870. [PMID: 39130748 PMCID: PMC11310059 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1421870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Genetic variants that control dopamine have been associated with obesity in children through loss of control of satiety and impulses, the manifestation of addictive eating behaviors, and specific personality traits. The variants include FTO-rs9939609 and the MAO-A 30 pb u-VNTR low-transcription alleles (LTA). Objective To evaluate the genetic association of FTO-rs9939609 and the MAO-A LTA, along with personality traits and eating behavior with obesity in Mayan children from Mexico. Methods We cross-sectionally evaluated 186 children (70 with obesity and 116 with normal weight) 6-12 years old from Yucatan, Mexico. Nutritional status was defined with body mass index (BMI) percentiles. Personality traits were evaluated with the Conners and TMCQ tests; eating behavior was evaluated with the CEBQ test. Genotyping with real-time PCR and TaqMan probes was used for FTO-rs9939609, whereas PCR amplification was used for MAO-A u-VNTR. Results High-intensity pleasure (p = 0.013) and moderate appetite (p = 0.032) differed according to nutritional status. Heterozygous FTO-rs9939609 T/A children showed higher mean scores of low-intensity pleasure (p = 0.002) and moderate appetite (p = 0.027) than homozygous T/T. Hemizygous boys having MAO-A LTA showed significantly higher mean scores of anxiety (p = 0.001) and impulsivity (p = 0.008). In multivariate models, only LTA alleles of MAO-A explained obesity in boys (OR = 4.44; 95% CI = 1.18-16.63). Conclusion In the present study, MAO-A u-VNTR alleles were associated with obesity in multivariate models only in boys. These alleles might also have a role in personality traits such as anxiety and impulsivity, which secondly contribute to developing obesity in Mayan boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Alberto Vázquez-Pérez
- Centro de Investigaciones Regionales “Dr. Hideyo Noguchi”, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan, Mérida, Mexico
| | - Mónica Hattori-Hara
- Secretaría de Educación del Gobierno del Esatdo de Yucatán (SEGEY), Mérida, Mexico
| | - Gloria Arankowsky-Sandoval
- Centro de Investigaciones Regionales “Dr. Hideyo Noguchi”, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan, Mérida, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Pérez-Mendoza
- Centro de Investigaciones Regionales “Dr. Hideyo Noguchi”, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan, Mérida, Mexico
| | - Rodrigo Rubi-Castellanos
- Centro de Investigaciones Regionales “Dr. Hideyo Noguchi”, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan, Mérida, Mexico
| | - Jorge Aarón Rangel-Méndez
- Centro de Investigaciones Regionales “Dr. Hideyo Noguchi”, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan, Mérida, Mexico
| | - Doris Pinto-Escalante
- Centro de Investigaciones Regionales “Dr. Hideyo Noguchi”, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan, Mérida, Mexico
| | - Thelma Canto-Cetina
- Centro de Investigaciones Regionales “Dr. Hideyo Noguchi”, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan, Mérida, Mexico
| | - Lizbeth González-Herrera
- Centro de Investigaciones Regionales “Dr. Hideyo Noguchi”, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan, Mérida, Mexico
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Martin GM, Tremblay J, Gagnon-Girouard MP. Sexual self-concept, functioning, and practices of women with binge eating episodes. Eat Weight Disord 2023; 28:37. [PMID: 37069446 PMCID: PMC10108796 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-023-01565-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Positive sexuality has received little empirical attention in relation to eating disorders. Two tendencies related to sexuality have been identified among women with anorexia nervosa (avoidance) and bulimia nervosa (disinhibition), but it is unclear if they also apply to women with binge eating episodes without compensatory behaviors. This study aimed at (1) exploring the sexual self-concept, functioning, and practices of women with binge eating episodes with or without comorbid restrictive and/or compensatory behaviors, considering past experiences of violence, and (2) verifying the presence of distinct profiles of sexual dispositions among this population. METHODS In total, 253 women reporting recurrent episodes of loss of control related to food intake in the past 5 years, completed a web-based questionnaire. Descriptive and correlational analyses were conducted to outline participants' sexual self-concept, functioning, and practices and to examine the relationship between these factors. A two-step cluster analysis was also performed to determine whether participants presented distinct profiles of sexual dispositions. RESULTS Participants were generally characterized by a negative sexual self-concept and poor sexual functioning. While a first subgroup of participants displayed a pattern of sexual difficulties and avoidance, a second subgroup had a positive sexual self-concept, better sexual functioning and a wider range of sexual practices. Subgroups did not differ relative to binge eating. CONCLUSIONS Sexuality offers a platform for positive embodiment, which can lead to the improvement of body image and mind-body connection and may thus constitute an essential clinical target to improve treatment related to binge eating episodes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level II: The experimental study is a non-randomized controlled trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geneviève Manuela Martin
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, 1050 Avenue de la Médecine, G1V 0A6, Québec, Canada.
| | - Jérôme Tremblay
- Department of Sexology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Canada
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de Soysa AKH, Martins C, Langaas M, Grill V, Mostad IL. Exploring Dietary Intake in Adults with Severe Obesity and Associations with the FTO rs9939609 Genotypes. Curr Dev Nutr 2023; 7:100032. [PMID: 37180087 PMCID: PMC10111606 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2023.100032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Few have studied the associations between rs9939609 genotypes in the obesity candidate locus FTO and energy and nutrient intakes and meal frequencies in adults with severe obesity. We are unaware of studies that have assessed adherence to key dietary recommendations in this population, at least in Norway. Increased knowledge of genotype associations with dietary factors could improve personalized obesity therapy. Objectives The present study aimed to explore how the rs9939609 genotypes associate with dietary variables and adherence to key dietary recommendations in a sample of adults with severe obesity. Methods A cross-sectional observation study designed to have similar numbers of participants with genotypes TT, AT, and AA included 100 patients (70% women) with median (25th, 75th percentile) age 42 (32, 50) y and BMI 42.8 (39.5, 46.4) kg/m2. We assessed intakes of food groups, energy, and macro- and micronutrients from three 24-h dietary recalls and meal frequencies. Genotype associations were analyzed using regression analyses. Reported intakes were evaluated against national diet recommendations. Results Using a significance level of 0.01, we found no genotype associations with energy intake, energy density, adherence to recommendations, or meal frequency but tendencies of associations with energy adjusted protein intake (AA > AT, P = 0.037; AT > TT, P = 0.064), food groups milk and cream (AT > TT, P = 0.029), and Mixed dishes (AA > TT, P = 0.039). Few participants complied with recommendations for intakes of whole grains (21%), fruits and vegetables (11%), and fish (37%); however, 67% followed the recommendation to limit added sugar. Less than 20% had recommended intakes of vitamin D and folate. Conclusions In our patients with severe obesity, we found tendencies of associations between the FTO rs9939609 genotypes and diet but no significant associations at the 0.01 level and below. Few met key food-based diet recommendations, suggesting that the food habits in this population pose an increased risk of nutrient deficiencies. Curr Dev Nutr 2023;xx:xx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Kristin H. de Soysa
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Speech-Language Therapy, Clinic of Clinical Services, St. Olavs hospital - Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Catia Martins
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Center for Obesity Research and Innovation (ObeCe), Clinic of Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital–Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Mette Langaas
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Valdemar Grill
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ingrid Løvold Mostad
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Speech-Language Therapy, Clinic of Clinical Services, St. Olavs hospital - Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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Franzago M, Orecchini E, Porreca A, Mondanelli G, Orabona C, Dalla Ragione L, Di Nicola M, Stuppia L, Vitacolonna E, Beccari T, Ceccarini MR. SLC6A4 DNA Methylation Levels and Serum Kynurenine/Tryptophan Ratio in Eating Disorders: A Possible Link with Psychopathological Traits? Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15020406. [PMID: 36678277 PMCID: PMC9866524 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The incidence of eating disorders (EDs), serious mental and physical conditions characterized by a disturbance in eating or eating-related behaviors, has increased steadily. The present study aims to develop insights into the pathophysiology of EDs, spanning over biochemical, epigenetic, psychopathological, and clinical data. In particular, we focused our attention on the relationship between (i) DNA methylation profiles at promoter-associated CpG sites of the SCL6A4 gene, (ii) serum kynurenine/tryptophan levels and ratio (Kyn/Trp), and (iii) psychopathological traits in a cohort of ED patients. Among these, 45 patients were affected by restricting anorexia nervosa (AN0), 21 by purging AN (AN1), 21 by bulimia (BN), 31 by binge eating disorders (BED), 23 by unspecified feeding or eating disorders (UFED), and finally 14 by other specified eating disorders (OSFED) were compared to 34 healthy controls (CTRs). Results: Kyn level was higher in BED, UFED, and OSFED compared to CTRs (p ≤ 0.001). On the other hand, AN0, AN1, and BN patients showed significatively lower Kyn levels compared to the other three ED groups but were closed to CTRs. Trp was significantly higher in AN0, AN1, and BN in comparison to other ED groups. Moreover, AN1 and BN showed more relevant Trp levels than CTRs (p <0.001). BED patients showed a lower Trp as compared with CTRs (p ≤ 0.001). In addition, Kyn/Trp ratio was lower in the AN1 subtype but higher in BED, UFED, and OSFED patients than in CTRs (p ≤ 0.001). SCL6A4 DNA methylation level at CpG5 was lower in AN0 compared to BED (p = 0.021), and the CpG6 methylation was also significantly lower in AN0 in comparison to CTRs (p = 0.025). The mean methylation levels of the six CpGs analyzed were lower only in the AN0 subgroup compared to CTRs (p = 0.008). Relevant psychological trait EDI-3 subscales were correlated with biochemical and epigenetic data. Conclusions: These findings underline the complexity of psychological and pathophysiological components of EDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marica Franzago
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Elena Orecchini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy
| | - Annamaria Porreca
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Giada Mondanelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy
| | - Ciriana Orabona
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy
| | - Laura Dalla Ragione
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Unit, University Campus Biomedico of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Di Nicola
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Liborio Stuppia
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Ester Vitacolonna
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Tommaso Beccari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Maria Rachele Ceccarini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-075-585-7905
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Castellini G, Cassioli E, Rossi E, Mancini M, Ricca V, Stanghellini G. Bridging cognitive, phenomenological and psychodynamic approaches to eating disorders. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:2273-2289. [PMID: 35179727 PMCID: PMC9556383 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-022-01379-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive, psychodynamic, and phenomenological scholars converged their attention on abnormal bodily phenomena as the core psychopathological feature of eating disorders (EDs). While cognitive approaches focus their attention on a need for "objective" (i.e., observable, measurable) variables (including behaviours and distorted cognitions), the phenomenological exploration typically targets descriptions of persons' lived experience. According to a new emerging phenomenological perspective, the classic behavioural and cognitive symptoms of EDs should be considered as epiphenomena of a deeper core represented by a disorder of the embodiment. The cognitive-behavioural model is the most studied and, up till now, clinically efficacious treatment for EDs. However, as any coherent and scientifically grounded model, it presents some limitations in its application. Numerous patients report a chronic course, do not respond to treatment and develop a personality structure based on pathological eating behaviours, since "being anorexic" becomes a new identity for the person. Furthermore, the etiopathogenetic trajectory of EDs influences the treatment response: for example, patients reporting childhood abuse or maltreatment respond differently to cognitive-behavioural therapy. To obtain a deeper comprehension of these disorders, it seems important to shift attention from abnormal eating behaviours to more complex and subtle psycho(patho)logical features, especially experiential ones. This characterisation represents the unavoidable premise for the identification of new therapeutic targets and consequently for an improvement of the outcome of these severe disorders. Thus, the present review aims to provide an integrated view of cognitive, psychodynamic, and phenomenological perspectives on EDs, suggesting new therapeutic targets and intervention strategies based on this integrated model. Level of Evidence: Level V.Level of evidence Level V: Opinions of authorities, based on descriptive studies, narrative reviews, clinical experience, or reports of expert committees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Castellini
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, Florence, Italy.
| | - Emanuele Cassioli
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Eleonora Rossi
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Milena Mancini
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Health, Territory, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti and Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Valdo Ricca
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Giovanni Stanghellini
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Health, Territory, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti and Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Centro de Estudios de Fenomenología y Psiquiatría, Diego Portales' University, Santiago, Chile
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Personalized Nutrition in the Management of Female Infertility: New Insights on Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091918. [PMID: 35565885 PMCID: PMC9105997 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence on the significance of nutrition in reproduction is emerging from both animal and human studies, suggesting a mutual association between nutrition and female fertility. Different “fertile” dietary patterns have been studied; however, in humans, conflicting results or weak correlations are often reported, probably because of the individual variations in genome, proteome, metabolome, and microbiome and the extent of exposure to different environmental conditions. In this scenario, “precision nutrition”, namely personalized dietary patterns based on deep phenotyping and on metabolomics, microbiome, and nutrigenetics of each case, might be more efficient for infertile patients than applying a generic nutritional approach. In this review, we report on new insights into the nutritional management of infertile patients, discussing the main nutrigenetic, nutrigenomic, and microbiomic aspects that should be investigated to achieve effective personalized nutritional interventions. Specifically, we will focus on the management of low-grade chronic inflammation, which is associated with several infertility-related diseases.
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Franzago M, Di Nicola M, Fraticelli F, Marchioni M, Stuppia L, Vitacolonna E. Nutrigenetic variants and response to diet/lifestyle intervention in obese subjects: a pilot study. Acta Diabetol 2022; 59:69-81. [PMID: 34480216 PMCID: PMC8758637 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-021-01787-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Nutritional and lifestyle interventions can contribute to prevent and treat obesity and its complications; however, genetic background may influence the success of a therapy. The aim of this pilot study is to evaluate the effects of the interaction between nutrigenetic variants and nutritional intervention, as well as the changes in clinical parameters and the adherence to Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and to physical activity, of 18 overweight or obese subjects affected by T2D or dysglycemia included in a nutritional program. METHODS The subjects' clinical parameters as well as their PREDIMED score and physical activity levels were recorded and compared at baseline, at 6 months and at the end of the intervention. Rs9939609 in FTO, rs17782313 near MC4R, rs326 in LPL, rs16147 in NPY, rs2943641 near IRS-1 were genotyped. RESULTS The subjects carrying the A allele in FTO lost less weight (p = 0.022) and had a lower BMI decrease from baseline to 12 months (p-interaction = 0.047) than TT carriers. In addition, there was a significant PREDIMED score modification over time, according to genotypes for FTO rs9939609 (p = 0.025) and NPY rs16147 (p = 0.039), respectively. CONCLUSIONS These preliminary findings show a significant interaction between genetic variants and the PREDIMED score, suggesting that individuals carrying the FTO variant may lose less weight than non-carriers through diet/lifestyle intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marica Franzago
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marta Di Nicola
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Federica Fraticelli
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Michele Marchioni
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Liborio Stuppia
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Ester Vitacolonna
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
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Mancini M, Esposito CM. Lived body and the Other's gaze: a phenomenological perspective on feeding and eating disorders. Eat Weight Disord 2021; 26:2523-2529. [PMID: 33544360 PMCID: PMC8602135 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-020-01103-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the phenomenological perspective, the lived body disorder is a core feature of feeding and eating disorders (FEDs). Persons with FEDs experience their own body first of all as an object looked by another person, rather than coenaesthetically or from a first-person perspective. In particular, the main features of this disorder are: alienation from the own body and from the own emotions, disgust for it, shame, and an exaggerated preoccupation for the way in which one appears to the others. Phenomenological research has recently highlighted that the gaze of the Other plays an important role. Because persons with FEDs cannot have an experience of their own body from within or coenesthetically, they need to apprehend their own body from outside through the gaze of the Other. This way of apprehending one's own body when it is looked by another person is called by Sartre the 'lived body-for-others'. Normally, the constitution of one's own body, and consequently of one's own Self and identity depends on the dialectic integration between the first-person apprehension of one's body (lived body) that it is based on coenaesthesia, and the third-person one, that it is based on the sense of sight (lived-body-for-others). When the dialectic is unbalanced toward the pole of the lived-body-for-others, experienced from without, the symptom occurs. Starting from these clinical observations, the so-called Optical-Coenaesthetic Disproportion model has been developed. In this paper, we describe this model, its philosophical and clinical foundations, and finally its clinical implication and its relationship with other disciplines, i.e., neurosciences. Level of evidence: V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Mancini
- Department of Psychological, Humanistic and Territorial Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio", Via Dei Vestini 31, 66013, Chieti, IT, Italy.
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Stabouli S, Erdine S, Suurorg L, Jankauskienė A, Lurbe E. Obesity and Eating Disorders in Children and Adolescents: The Bidirectional Link. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124321. [PMID: 34959873 PMCID: PMC8705700 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity, eating disorders and unhealthy dieting practices among children and adolescents are alarming health concerns due to their high prevalence and adverse effects on physical and psychosocial health. We present the evidence that eating disorders and obesity can be managed or prevented using the same interventions in the pediatric age. In the presence of obesity in the pediatric age, disordered eating behaviors are highly prevalent, increasing the risk of developing eating disorders. The most frequently observed in subjects with obesity are bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorders, both of which are characterized by abnormal eating or weight-control behaviors. Various are the mechanisms overlying the interaction including environmental and individual ones, and different are the approaches to reduce the consequences. Evidence-based treatments for obesity and eating disorders in childhood include as first line approaches weight loss with nutritional management and lifestyle modification via behavioral psychotherapy, as well as treatment of psychiatric comorbidities if those are not a consequence of the eating disorder. Drugs and bariatric surgery need to be used in extreme cases. Future research is necessary for early detection of risk factors for prevention, more precise elucidation of the mechanisms that underpin these problems and, finally, in the cases requiring therapeutic intervention, to provide tailored and timely treatment. Collective efforts between the fields are crucial for reducing the factors of health disparity and improving public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Stabouli
- First Department of Pediatrics, Hipnmpokration Hospital, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Serap Erdine
- Hypertension and Arteriosclerosis Research and Implementation Center, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey;
| | - Lagle Suurorg
- Tallinn Children’s Hospital, 2813419 Estonia, Estonia;
| | - Augustina Jankauskienė
- Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Vilnius University, 01513 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Empar Lurbe
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Valencia, 1346010 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-96-3131800
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Franzago M, Fraticelli F, Marchioni M, Di Nicola M, Di Sebastiano F, Liberati M, Stuppia L, Vitacolonna E. Fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene epigenetic modifications in gestational diabetes: new insights and possible pathophysiological connections. Acta Diabetol 2021; 58:997-1007. [PMID: 33743080 PMCID: PMC8272710 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-020-01668-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) can lead to short- and long-term complications for the child. Epigenetic alterations could contribute to explaining the metabolic disturbances associated with foetal programming. Although the role of the FTO gene remains unclear, it affects metabolic phenotypes probably mediated by epigenetic mechanisms. The aim of this study was to assess whether placental DNA epigenetic modifications at FTO promoter-associated cysteine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) sites are correlated with GDM. A secondary aim was to evaluate the association between the placental FTO DNA methylation and the maternal metabolic traits in women with and without GDM. METHODS Socio-demographic characteristics, clinical parameters at the third trimester of pregnancy, Mediterranean diet adherence, and physical activity were assessed in 33 GDM women and 27 controls. Clinical information about the newborns was registered at birth. The FTO rs9939609 (T > A) was genotyped. RESULTS No association between FTO DNA methylation and GDM was found. DNA methylation on the maternal side at the CpG1 was associated with maternal smoking in GDM (p = 0.034), and DNA methylation at the CpG3 was correlated with smoking or former smoking in controls (p = 0.023). A higher level of TGs was correlated with higher foetal placental DNA methylation at the CpG2 (p = 0.036) in GDM. An inverse association between HDL-C and maternal placental DNA methylation at the CpG3 in controls (p = 0.045) was found. An association between FTO rs9939609 and neonatal birthweight (p = 0.033) was detected. CONCLUSIONS In the awareness that the obesity pathophysiology is complex, the study adds a piece to this intricate mosaic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marica Franzago
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Federica Fraticelli
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Michele Marchioni
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G.D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marta Di Nicola
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G.D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesca Di Sebastiano
- Department of Obstetric and Gynaecology, SS. Annunziata Hospital, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Liberati
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Liborio Stuppia
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Ester Vitacolonna
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy.
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
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11
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Svedlund A, Tubic B, Elfvin A, Magnusson P, Swolin-Eide D. The Significance of the FTO Gene for Weight and Body Composition in Swedish Women With Severe Anorexia Nervosa During Intensive Nutrition Therapy. J Am Coll Nutr 2021; 41:594-599. [PMID: 34283000 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2021.1945979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the potential influence of the fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO), SNP rs9939609, on body mass index (BMI) and body composition in women with anorexia nervosa (AN) undergoing intensive nutrition therapy. METHOD Twenty-five female patients with AN (20.1 ± 2.3 years; BMI, 15.5 ± 0.9 kg/m2) were included for 12 weeks of treatment with a high-energy diet. FTO was genotyped and body composition parameters were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and peripheral quantitative computed tomography at baseline and after 12 weeks. RESULTS The distribution of the different FTO genotypes were as follows: AA, 24%; TA, 48%; and TT, 28%. Patients gained a median of 9.8 kg (range, 5.5-17.0 kg) and BMI increased to 19.0 ± 0.9 kg/m2. The increase in BMI, fat mass, and the quotient fat/muscle area was significant for the TT and TA genotype groups. Total lean mass was stable in all genotype groups. We could not demonstrate any difference among the 3 FTO genotypes related to the increases in BMI during nutrition therapy when the additive, dominant, and recessive models of inheritance were applied. CONCLUSIONS Irrespective of the FTO genotype, there was no difference in weight response during nutrition therapy. Hence, in this small study there was limited support for individualized nutrition therapy for AN based on FTO genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Svedlund
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Pediatrics, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bojan Tubic
- Department of Orthopedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anders Elfvin
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Pediatrics, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per Magnusson
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Diana Swolin-Eide
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Pediatrics, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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12
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Mehrdad M, Eftekhari MH, Jafari F, Nikbakht HA, Gholamalizadeh M. Associations between FTO rs9939609 polymorphism, serum vitamin D, mental health, and eating behaviors in overweight adults. Nutr Neurosci 2021; 25:1889-1897. [PMID: 33939949 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2021.1913316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Background: Despite the significant role of the Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated (FTO) gene in obesity, the underlying mechanisms are not fully elucidated. Besides, vitamin D deficiency and obesity are mostly seen together, and it can be hypothesized that this nutrient may have an impact in the role of FTO genotype in adiposity.Objective: Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association of FTO rs9939609 gene polymorphism with eating behaviors, eating disorders, and general mental health in overweight adults, considering their vitamin D intake as a mediate confounding factor.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 197 overweight adults in Shiraz, Iran. Genotyping was performed through amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction (ARMS PCR). Mental health, vitamin D intake, eating behaviors and disorders were assessed by the validated questionnaires.Results: The risk allele of the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism (A) was significantly associated with a higher risk of eating behavior and mental health disorders (all P < 0.05). After considering vitamin D intake, the AA genotype carriers had significantly higher risks for poorer eating behavior (P = 0.002), mental health (P = 0.007), and general mental health (P = 0.039) compared with the TT carriers if they had insufficient vitamin D intake.Conclusion: In conclusion, these results indicated that the A-allele of the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism may be associated with poorer eating behaviors, mental health, and higher risk of eating disorders. It was also identified that the effect of FTO rs9939609 A risk allele on eating behavior and mental health may be limited to people with insufficient vitamin D intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Mehrdad
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Eftekhari
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Jafari
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hossein-Ali Nikbakht
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Maryam Gholamalizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ruiz-Ramos D, Martínez-Magaña JJ, García AR, Juarez-Rojop IE, Gonzalez-Castro TB, Tovilla-Zarate CA, Sarmiento E, López-Narvaez ML, Nicolini H, Genis-Mendoza AD. Psychiatric Comorbidity in Mexican Adolescents with a Diagnosis of Eating Disorders Its Relationship with the Body Mass Index. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18083900. [PMID: 33917708 PMCID: PMC8068102 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18083900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of comorbid psychiatric disorders among patients with eating disorders (ED) is higher than the general population. Individuals diagnosed with eating disorders have changes in their body mass index which could promote severe metabolic disruptions. This study aimed (1) to report the prevalence of comorbid psychiatric disorders among a Mexican adolescent sample diagnosed with eating disorders, (2) to compare our results with the prevalence of psychiatric disorders reported from a national survey of mental health of adolescents, (3) to compare the presence of psychiatric comorbidities between ED diagnoses, and (4) to explore the relationship of these comorbidities with the body mass index. In the study, we included 187 Mexican adolescents diagnosed with eating disorders. The psychiatric comorbidities were evaluated using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for children/adolescents, and a revised questionnaire on eating and weight patterns. We found that 89% of the Mexican adolescents diagnosed with ED had another psychiatric comorbidity. Major depressive disorder (52.40%) and suicide risk (40%) were the most prevalent comorbidities. Attention and deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) prevalence was different between ED diagnosis, and adolescents with binge-eating disorder and ADHD had the higher body mass index. Our results showed that in this sample of Mexican adolescents, the presence of comorbidities could impact body mass index. This emphasizes the importance that clinicians take into consideration the presence of psychiatric comorbidities to achieve an integrative treatment for adolescents diagnosed with ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ruiz-Ramos
- División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa 86100, Mexico; (D.R.-R.); (J.J.M.-M.); (I.E.J.-R.); (T.B.G.-C.)
| | - José Jaime Martínez-Magaña
- División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa 86100, Mexico; (D.R.-R.); (J.J.M.-M.); (I.E.J.-R.); (T.B.G.-C.)
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Ciudad de México 14610, Mexico;
| | - Ana Rosa García
- Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil Juan N, Navarro, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico; (A.R.G.); (E.S.)
| | - Isela Esther Juarez-Rojop
- División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa 86100, Mexico; (D.R.-R.); (J.J.M.-M.); (I.E.J.-R.); (T.B.G.-C.)
| | - Thelma Beatriz Gonzalez-Castro
- División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa 86100, Mexico; (D.R.-R.); (J.J.M.-M.); (I.E.J.-R.); (T.B.G.-C.)
| | - Carlos Alfonso Tovilla-Zarate
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Comalcalco 86100, Mexico;
| | - Emmanuel Sarmiento
- Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil Juan N, Navarro, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico; (A.R.G.); (E.S.)
| | | | - Humberto Nicolini
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Ciudad de México 14610, Mexico;
| | - Alma Delia Genis-Mendoza
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Ciudad de México 14610, Mexico;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-53501900 (ext. 1197)
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14
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González LM, García-Herráiz A, Mota-Zamorano S, Flores I, Albuquerque D, Gervasini G. Variants in the Obesity-Linked FTO gene locus modulates psychopathological features of patients with Anorexia Nervosa. Gene 2021; 783:145572. [PMID: 33737121 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Our aim was to determine whether variability in the fat mass obesity (FTO) gene locus, consistently related to obesity, affects the risk of eating disorders (ED) and/or the psychopathology displayed by these patients. We analyzed 26 tag-single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that capture FTO variability in 352 ED patients [233 with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) and 119 with binge-eating] and 396 controls. Psychopathological symptoms and traits were evaluated by the Eating Disorders Inventory Test 2 (EDI-2) and Symptoms Checklist 90 Revised (SCL-90R) questionnaires. No associations were found for ED risk. The rs7205987 CC genotype correlated with higher scores in all but one of the EDI-2 scales in the AN group. Associations with Bulimia (p = 0.0019) and Interoceptive Awareness (p = 0.00007) retained significance after False Discovery Rate (FDR) correction for multiple testing. A 3-SNP sliding window analysis showed that FTO haplotypes were again highly associated with Interoceptive Awareness (rs9921255/rs6499662/rs7205987 haplotype; FDR-q = 0.04), Bulimia (rs1125338/rs2192872/rs708258; FDR-q = 0.00037), and Maturity Fears (rs708258/rs12599672/rs11076017; FDR-q = 0.041). In addition, a distal region of the gene between rs9924877 (position 53947509) and rs2192872 (54040715) was linked to Anxiety, Depression and Phobic Anxiety in AN patients, with FDR-q values ranging from 0.023 to 0.045. The results suggest that the FTO gene might be an important locus regarding traits and psychopathological symptoms often displayed by AN patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz M González
- Dpt. Medical-Surgical Therapeutics, Medical School, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Angustias García-Herráiz
- Eating Disorders Unit, Institute of Mental Disorders, Health Service of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Sonia Mota-Zamorano
- Dpt. Medical-Surgical Therapeutics, Medical School, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Isalud Flores
- Eating Disorders Unit, Institute of Mental Disorders, Health Service of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - David Albuquerque
- Genomics Group, Fundación Investigación Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Guillermo Gervasini
- Dpt. Medical-Surgical Therapeutics, Medical School, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain.
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15
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Franzago M, Sabovic I, Franchi S, De Santo M, Di Nisio A, Luddi A, Piomboni P, Vitacolonna E, Stuppia L, Foresta C. Sperm DNA Methylation at Metabolism-Related Genes in Vegan Subjects. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:633943. [PMID: 33767672 PMCID: PMC7985526 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.633943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate if epigenome of sperm cells could be dynamically affected by nutrition. Design and Methods We assessed 40 healthy volunteers with different dietary habits and collected their demographic characteristics, as well as clinical and anthropometric parameters. We compared methylation profiles in sperm quantified by bisulfite pyrosequencing, at promoter-associated CpG sites of genes involved in metabolism including fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) and melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) from six vegans and 34 omnivores. In addition, the FTO rs9939609 (T>A) was genotyped. Results Higher DNA methylation levels were detected in the sperm of vegan at FTO gene CpG1 (p=0.02), CpG2 (p=0.001), CpG3 (p=0.004), and CpG4 (p=0.003) sites and at MC4R-CpG2 site [p=0.016] as compared to sperm of omnivores. This association was not related to FTO genotype. Conclusions Although limited by the small number of investigated cases, our data provide insight into the role of diet on sperm DNA methylation in genes involved in metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marica Franzago
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. D’Annunzio” University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Iva Sabovic
- Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sara Franchi
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. D’Annunzio” University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Di Nisio
- Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alice Luddi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Paola Piomboni
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Ester Vitacolonna
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. D’Annunzio” University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Liborio Stuppia
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. D’Annunzio” University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Carlo Foresta
- Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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16
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A Systematic Review of Genetic Polymorphisms Associated with Binge Eating Disorder. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13030848. [PMID: 33807560 PMCID: PMC7999791 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The genetic polymorphisms involved in the physiopathology of binge eating disorder (BED) are currently unclear. This systematic review aims to highlight and summarize the research on polymorphisms that is conducted in the BED. We looked for observational studies where there was a genetic comparison between adults with BED, in some cases also with obesity or overweight, and healthy controls or obesity/overweight without BED. Our protocol was written using PRISMA. It is registered at PROSPERO (identification: CRD42020198645). To identify potentially relevant documents, the following bibliographic databases were searched without a time limit, but until September 2020: PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science. In total, 21 articles were included in the qualitative analysis of the systematic review, as they met the eligibility criteria. Within the selected studies, 41 polymorphisms of 17 genes were assessed. Overall, this systematic review provides a list of potentially useful genetic polymorphisms involved in BED: 5-HTTLPR (5-HTT), Taq1A (ANKK1/DRD2), A118G (OPRM1), C957T (DRD2), rs2283265 (DRD2), Val158Met (COMT), rs6198 (GR), Val103Ile (MC4R), Ile251Leu (MC4R), rs6265 (BNDF), and Leu72Met (GHRL). It is important to emphasize that Taq1A is the polymorphism that showed, in two different research groups, the most significant association with BED. The remaining polymorphisms need further evidence to be confirmed.
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17
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Sirikyi IH, Eliason S, Ghartey FN, Ekenam E, Pereko KKA, Okai E, Yiridong F, Hagan OCK, Nsiah P. Anthropometric indices and cardiometabolic risk factors in a Ghanaian adolescent population. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2021; 34:35-44. [PMID: 33581703 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2020-0273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Adolescent overweight and obesity is a public health concern globally, especially in lower- and middle- income countries where there is an additional burden of undernutrition. The prevalence of adolescent overweight/2obesity has increased markedly over the past three decades. The transition in dietary habits coupled with reduced physical activity has been blamed for the increasing trend. Overweight/obesity in adolescence is complicated by cardiometabolic, respiratory, musculoskeletal and psychosocial disorders. Additionally, adolescent obesity is a predictor of future development of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders. The burden of cardiometabolic risk factors associated with adolescent overweight/obesity in Ghana is lacking, the project, therefore, was undertaken to add to the existing knowledge. METHODS The study was undertaken in adolescent students of a tertiary institution in Ghana. Two hundred and one students consented to participate in the study. Questionnaires on sociodemographic characteristics, dietary and substance abuse habits were self-administered. Blood pressure, height, weight and waist circumference measures were performed and venous blood drawn for the determination of fasting serum total/LDL/HDL cholesterol and triglycerides. Body mass indices were determined as the weight per square of their heights. RESULTS The prevalence of obesity was determined to be 15.81% generally, 27.71% in the females and 7.08% in the males. Diastolic blood pressure was the only cardiometabolic risk factor significantly associated with obesity in our study. CONCLUSION Overweight/obesity is common in Ghanaian adolescents, with the prevalence highest in the female population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sebastian Eliason
- University of Cape Coast School of Medical Sciences, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Frank N Ghartey
- University of Cape Coast School of Medical Sciences, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Evans Ekenam
- University of Cape Coast Hospital Cape Coast Ghana, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | | | - Emmanuel Okai
- University of Cape Coast School of Medical Sciences, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Felix Yiridong
- University of Cape Coast School of Medical Sciences, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Oheneba C K Hagan
- University of Cape Coast School of Medical Sciences, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Paul Nsiah
- University of Cape Coast School of Medical Sciences, Cape Coast, Ghana
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18
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Parallel Accelerated Evolution in Distant Hibernators Reveals Candidate Cis Elements and Genetic Circuits Regulating Mammalian Obesity. Cell Rep 2020; 29:2608-2620.e4. [PMID: 31775032 PMCID: PMC6910134 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.10.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a clinical problem and an important adaptation in many species. Hibernating mammals, for example, become obese, insulin resistant, and hyperinsulinemic to store fat. Here, we combine comparative phylogenomics with large-scale human genome data to uncover candidate cis elements and genetic circuits in different cell types. The Fat Mass and Obesity (FTO) locus, the strongest genetic risk factor for human obesity, is an enriched site for hibernator pARs. Our results uncover noncoding cis elements with putative roles in obesity and hibernation. Obesity is a clinical problem but also an important adaptation in hibernators. By using comparative genomics approaches to analyze the genomes of hibernators from different clades and contrasting the results with human obesity risk loci, Ferris and Gregg found 364 conserved cis elements with putative roles in regulating obesity and hibernation.
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19
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Parreño-Madrigal IM, Díez-Fernández A, Martínez-Vizcaíno V, Visier-Alfonso ME, Garrido-Miguel M, Sánchez-López M. Prevalence of Risk of Eating Disorders and its Association with
Obesity and Fitness. Int J Sports Med 2020; 41:669-676. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1152-5064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe university stage is a critical developmental period for young adults, where
lifestyles can determine future health. A cross-sectional study including 481
college students was conducted, with the following objectives: 1) to examine the
prevalence of risk of developing eating disorders in college students, 2) to
assess differences in obesity and physical fitness in those with and without
risk of eating disorders, and 3) to determine whether cardiorespiratory fitness,
muscular fitness or fat mass were associated with the risk of eating disorders.
We measured fat mass percentage (by densitometry), risk of feeding or eating
disorders (by SCOFF questionnaire), cardiorespiratory fitness levels and a
muscular fitness index. The prevalence of risk of eating disorders in women
(32.4%) was higher than in men (17.4%) (p<0.001). In
both sexes, higher obesity indicator mean values were observed among those who
were at risk of eating disorders. Men participants without risk had higher
cardiorespiratory fitness means than their at-risk peers [39.4 (8.3) vs. 32.4
(5.5), p<0.001)], and women showed differences only in the
dynamometry/weight variable. In college students, it is necessary to
promote healthy habits, including good levels of physical fitness, and to
prevent excess body fat to effectively prevent eating disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Díez-Fernández
- Centro de Estudios Sociosanitarios, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha,
Cuenca, Spain
- Faculty of Nursing, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca,
Spain
| | | | - María Eugenia Visier-Alfonso
- Centro de Estudios Sociosanitarios, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha,
Cuenca, Spain
- Faculty of Nursing, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca,
Spain
| | - Miriam Garrido-Miguel
- Centro de Estudios Sociosanitarios, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha,
Cuenca, Spain
| | - Mairena Sánchez-López
- Centro de Estudios Sociosanitarios, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha,
Cuenca, Spain
- Faculty of Education, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real,
Spain
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20
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A review of binge eating disorder and obesity. NEUROPSYCHIATRIE : KLINIK, DIAGNOSTIK, THERAPIE UND REHABILITATION : ORGAN DER GESELLSCHAFT ÖSTERREICHISCHER NERVENÄRZTE UND PSYCHIATER 2020; 35:57-67. [PMID: 32346850 DOI: 10.1007/s40211-020-00346-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Binge eating disorder (BED) is a mental illness characterised by recurrent binge eating episodes in the absence of appropriate compensatory behaviours. Consequently, BED is strongly associated with obesity. The current review aims to provide an update of the most relevant aspects of BED (e.g., clinical profile, aetiology and treatment approaches), in order not only to facilitate a better understanding of the disorder and its clinical consequences, but also to identify potential targets of prevention and intervention. Patients with BED often present high comorbidity with other medical conditions and psychiatric disorders. Numerous risk factors have been associated with the development and maintenance of the disorder. Moreover, although some treatments for BED have proven to be effective in addressing different key aspects of the disorder, the rates of patients that have ever received specific treatment for BED are very low. The factors involved and how to implement effective treatments will be discussed for the purpose of addressing the eating symptomatology and comorbid obesity.
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21
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Ceccarini MR, Tasegian A, Franzago M, Patria FF, Albi E, Codini M, Conte C, Bertelli M, Dalla Ragione L, Stuppia L, Beccari T. 5-HT2AR and BDNF gene variants in eating disorders susceptibility. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2020; 183:155-163. [PMID: 31746551 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Evidence from family and twin studies points to a genetic contribution to the etiology of eating disorders (EDs), confirmed by the association of several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with this group of disorders. Previous reports have suggested that the serotonin receptor (5-HT2AR) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) genes could be both involved in EDs susceptibility. In order to provide further evidence about such association, we focused our attention on two SNPs located in these genes carrying out a genetic association study on a large Italian cohort composed of 556 ED patients and 355 controls (CTRs). Obtained results confirm the presence of an association between 5-HT2AR and BDNF genes and the susceptibility to EDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Tasegian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Marica Franzago
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy.,Aging and Translational Medicine Research Center (CeSI-MeT), University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - F Filomena Patria
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Albi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Michela Codini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Carmela Conte
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Matteo Bertelli
- MAGI Euregio, Non Profit Genetic Testing Laboratory, Research Unit, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Laura Dalla Ragione
- University of Campus Biomedico, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie per l'uomo e l'ambiente, Rome, Italy
| | - Liborio Stuppia
- Aging and Translational Medicine Research Center (CeSI-MeT), University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy.,Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Tommaso Beccari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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22
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Bodden C, Hannan AJ, Reichelt AC. Diet-Induced Modification of the Sperm Epigenome Programs Metabolism and Behavior. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2020; 31:131-149. [PMID: 31744784 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2019.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Globally, obesity has reached epidemic proportions. The rapidly increasing numbers of overweight people can be traced back to overconsumption of energy-dense, poor-quality foods as well as physical inactivity. This development has far-reaching and costly implications. Not only is obesity associated with serious physiological and psychological complications, but mounting evidence also indicates a ripple effect through generations via epigenetic changes. Parental obesity could induce intergenerational and transgenerational changes in metabolic and brain function of the offspring. Most research has focused on maternal epigenetic and gestational effects; however, paternal contributions are likely to be substantial. We focus on the latest advances in understanding the mechanisms of epigenetic inheritance of obesity-evoked metabolic and neurobiological changes through the paternal germline that predict wide-ranging consequences for the following generation(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Bodden
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3010 VIC, Australia.
| | - Anthony J Hannan
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3010 VIC, Australia; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3010 VIC, Australia.
| | - Amy C Reichelt
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3010 VIC, Australia; BrainsCAN, Western Interdisciplinary Research Building, Western University, London, ON, Canada; Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, N6A 3K7 ON, Canada
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23
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Esposito CM, Stanghellini G. The Pathogenic and Therapeutic Potential of the Gaze of the Other in the Clinic of "Eating Disorders". Psychopathology 2020; 53:291-297. [PMID: 32882702 DOI: 10.1159/000509625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Building on the optical-coenaesthetic disproportion model of so-called eating disorders, this paper provides a framework for the psychotherapy of people affected by these conditions. This model characterizes "eating disorders" as disorders of embodiment and identity, where a sense of unfamiliarity with one's own flesh, experienced as shifting and incomprehensible, leads to an impairment in the constitution of the Self and thus of one's own identity. Since there is a deficit of the coenaesthetic experience of the embodied Self, greater importance is assumed by body perception conveyed from without. To these persons, their corporeality is principally given as a body-object "to be seen" from a third-person perspective, rather than as a body-subject "to be felt" from a first-person perspective. The Other's look serves as an optical prosthesis to cope with dis-coenaesthesia and as a device through which these persons can define themselves. They are unable to accept the hiatus between "being a body" and "having a body," constitutively present in every human being, forcibly trying to recouple it, and finally ending up objectifying themselves to succeed. The external foundation of the Self thus takes the form of a constriction one can never be completely free of. Psychotherapy should thus accompany persons affected by eating disorders in their encounter with the miscarried dialectic between feeling oneself from within and seeing oneself from without through the gaze of the Other, so keenly feared by people desperately in search of self-control. Tactfully, the clinician accompanies the patient in taking a stance towards her symptom as the outcome of this miscarried dialectics, which is one premise for overcoming it. The clinician's gaze becomes the herald of recognition, allowing the patient to feel accepted in terms of her individuality. Feeling themselves touched by a gaze that waives its alienating potential in order to signify acceptance reactivates the identity-forming dialectics. Their body is thus revealed as the receiver of gazes, but also rediscovers its own possibility for self-determination starting out from these gazes. This intersubjective resonance between the clinician's gaze and the patient reactivates the identity-making dialectics between body-subject and body-object, creating the relational premises for overcoming the symptom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Maria Esposito
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy,
| | - Giovanni Stanghellini
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy.,Diego Portales University, Santiago, Chile
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24
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Dragasevic S, Stankovic B, Kotur N, Sokic-Milutinovic A, Milovanovic T, Lukic S, Milosavljevic T, Srzentic Drazilov S, Klaassen K, Pavlovic S, Popovic D. Metabolic Syndrome in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Association with Genetic Markers of Obesity and Inflammation. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2019; 18:31-38. [PMID: 31750766 DOI: 10.1089/met.2019.0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study analyzed poorly understood relationship of two overlapping conditions: metabolic syndrome (MeS) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), both associated with inflammation in the visceral adipose tissue. Methods: Newly diagnosed 104 IBD patients, of which 50 Crohn's disease (CD) and 54 ulcerative colitis (UC), and 45 non-IBD controls were examined for MeS-related obesity and lipid markers. Th-17 immune genes IL17A, IL17F, IL23A, and TLR9 mRNAs were measured in intestinal mucosa by qRT-PCR. Subjects were genotyped for obesity-associated FTO variant rs9939609 by polymerase chain reaction-amplification refractory mutation system. Results: CD was associated with MeS (P = 0.01), while both CD and UC were associated with central obesity (P = 10-5, P = 0.002, respectively) and low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (P = 5 × 10-6, P = 6 × 10-6, respectively). IBD lipid profile was characterized by decreased total and HDL cholesterol, while low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was reduced only in CD. Negative correlations were found between total cholesterol and CD activity index (P = 0.005), waist circumference and IL17A as well as IL17F mRNA levels in inflamed CD colon (P = 0.003, P = 0.001, respectively). Carriers of FTO rs9939609 AA genotype showed increased risk of CD (OR 2.6, P = 0.01). Conclusions: MeS, central obesity, and dyslipidemia could be important for IBD pathogenesis. This could influence therapeutic approaches and prevention strategies in high-risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Dragasevic
- Clinic for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.,School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Biljana Stankovic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nikola Kotur
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Sokic-Milutinovic
- Clinic for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.,School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Milovanovic
- Clinic for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.,School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Snezana Lukic
- Clinic for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.,School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tomica Milosavljevic
- Clinic for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.,School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Srzentic Drazilov
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Kristel Klaassen
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sonja Pavlovic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragan Popovic
- Clinic for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.,School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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25
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Adolescent obesity in the past decade: A systematic review of genetics and determinants of food choice. J Am Assoc Nurse Pract 2019; 31:344-351. [PMID: 31157651 PMCID: PMC6716557 DOI: 10.1097/jxx.0000000000000154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background and purpose: As the incidence of global obesity increases, concerns about adverse health outcomes in adolescents continues to rise. The complexity and expense of this problem require early recognition and specific preventive treatments. Knowledge of genetics and determinants of food choices contributing to adolescent obesity warrants further examination. The primary goal was to appraise the literature from the past decade (2007–2017) on the current state of food choice and genetic determinants of adolescent overweight/obesity in the United States. The secondary goal was to determine trends in the literature and areas for future research. Methods: A systematic review of research studies in the United States from 2007 to 2017 was completed. Database searches were conducted using CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, PsycArticles, PubMed, Scopus, Academic Search Complete, Web of Science, BIOSIS, and the Cochrane Library. A total of 535 studies were selected. Of these, 283 studies focused on determinants of food choices and 165 studies focused on genetic factors. Conclusions: A total of 41 full-text articles included in this literature review contained studies limited exclusively to adolescents. Stress factors related to food choices demonstrated a new trend being explored. The need for precision health, the application of genetic information, could uncover ways food choices affect adolescent obesity. Implications for practice: The etiology of adolescent obesity requires that nurses gain knowledge of genetics and food choice determinants to inform personalized treatments for adolescents, which may establish effective interventions that promote healthy weight achievement.
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26
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Li J, Yang X, Qi Z, Sang Y, Liu Y, Xu B, Liu W, Xu Z, Deng Y. The role of mRNA m 6A methylation in the nervous system. Cell Biosci 2019; 9:66. [PMID: 31452869 PMCID: PMC6701067 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-019-0330-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Epitranscriptomics, also known as “RNA epigenetics”, is a chemical modification for RNA regulation. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) methylation is considered to be a major discovery following the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and histone methylation. Messenger RNA (mRNA) methylation modification accounts for more than 60% of all RNA modifications and N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is known as one of the most common type of eukaryotic mRNA methylation modifications in current. The m6A modification is a dynamic reversible modification, which can directly or indirectly affect biological processes, such as RNA degradation, translation and splicing, and can play important biological roles in vivo. This article introduces the mRNA m6A methylation modification enzymes and binding proteins, and reviews the research progress and related mechanisms of the role of mRNA m6A methylation in the nervous system from the aspects of neural stem cells, learning and memory, brain development, axon growth and glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiashuo Li
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122 Liaoning China
| | - Xinxin Yang
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122 Liaoning China
| | - Zhipeng Qi
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122 Liaoning China
| | - Yanqi Sang
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122 Liaoning China
| | - Yanan Liu
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122 Liaoning China
| | - Bin Xu
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122 Liaoning China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122 Liaoning China
| | - Zhaofa Xu
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122 Liaoning China
| | - Yu Deng
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122 Liaoning China
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27
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Ndiaye FK, Huyvaert M, Ortalli A, Canouil M, Lecoeur C, Verbanck M, Lobbens S, Khamis A, Marselli L, Marchetti P, Kerr-Conte J, Pattou F, Marre M, Roussel R, Balkau B, Froguel P, Bonnefond A. The expression of genes in top obesity-associated loci is enriched in insula and substantia nigra brain regions involved in addiction and reward. Int J Obes (Lond) 2019; 44:539-543. [PMID: 31388097 PMCID: PMC7002163 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-019-0428-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than 250 loci associated with body mass index (BMI) and obesity. However, post-GWAS functional genomic investigations have been inadequate for understanding how these genetic loci physiologically impact disease development. We performed a PCR-free expression assay targeting genes located nearby the GWAS-identified SNPs associated with BMI/obesity in a large panel of human tissues. Furthermore, we analyzed several genetic risk scores (GRS) summing GWAS-identified alleles associated with increased BMI in 4,236 individuals. We found that the expression of BMI/obesity susceptibility genes is strongly enriched in the brain, especially in the insula (p = 4.7×10-9) and substantia nigra (p = 6.8×10-7), which are two brain regions involved in addiction and reward. Inversely, we found that top obesity/BMI-associated loci, including FTO, showed the strongest gene expression enrichment in the two brain regions. Our data suggest for the first time that the susceptibility genes for common obesity may have an effect on eating addiction and reward behaviors through their high expression in substantia nigra and insula, i.e. a different pattern from monogenic obesity genes that act in the hypothalamus and cause hyperphagia. Further epidemiological studies with relevant food behavior phenotypes are necessary to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatou K Ndiaye
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Marlène Huyvaert
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Ana Ortalli
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Mickaël Canouil
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Cécile Lecoeur
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Marie Verbanck
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Stéphane Lobbens
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Amna Khamis
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Lorella Marselli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Julie Kerr-Conte
- Inserm U1190, EGID, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - François Pattou
- Inserm U1190, EGID, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Michel Marre
- Department of Diabetology, Endocrinology and Nutrition, DHU-FIRE, HUPNVS, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Paris Diderot-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Paris, France.,Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm U1138, Paris, France
| | - Ronan Roussel
- Department of Diabetology, Endocrinology and Nutrition, DHU-FIRE, HUPNVS, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Paris Diderot-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Paris, France.,Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm U1138, Paris, France
| | - Beverley Balkau
- Inserm U1018, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France.,University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,University Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France
| | - Philippe Froguel
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France. .,Department of Genomics of Common Disease, Imperial College of London, London, UK.
| | - Amélie Bonnefond
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France. .,Department of Genomics of Common Disease, Imperial College of London, London, UK.
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28
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Sullivan GA, Gervais SJ, Brock RL, Stoltenberg SF. Social Responsiveness and Objectification: The Moderating Roles of Serotonin Transporter and Serotonin Receptor 2A Genotypes in an Objectification Theory Model of Disordered Eating. SEX ROLES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11199-019-01075-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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29
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Saucedo‐Uribe E, Genis‐Mendoza AD, Díaz‐Anzaldúa A, Martínez‐Magaña JJ, Tovilla‐Zarate CA, Juárez‐Rojop I, Lanzagorta N, Escamilla M, González‐Castro TB, López Narvaez ML, Hernández‐Díaz Y, Nicolini H. Differential effects on neurodevelopment of FTO variants in obesity and bipolar disorder suggested by in silico prediction of functional impact: An analysis in Mexican population. Brain Behav 2019; 9:e01249. [PMID: 31033179 PMCID: PMC6576176 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several studies indicate that polygenic obesity is linked to fat-mass and obesity-associated (FTO) genetic variants. Nevertheless, the link between variants in FTO and mental disorders has been barely explored. The present work aims to determine whether FTO genetic variants are associated with bipolar disorder and obesity, and to perform an in silico prediction of variant-dependent functional impact on the developing brain transcriptome. METHODS Four hundred and forty-six Mexican mestizos were included in a genetic association analysis. SNP-sequence kernel association test and linear mixed models were implemented for genetic association assessment. For functional impact prediction, we analyzed the mapping of regulatory elements, the modification of binding sites of transcription factors and the expression of transcription factors in the brain developing transcriptome, searching on different databases. RESULTS In the set-based analysis, we found different associated regions to BD (bipolar disorder) and obesity. The promoter flanking region of FTO intron 1 was associated with differential effects on BMI, while intron 2 of RPGRIP1L and FTO upstream regions were associated with BD. The prediction analysis showed that FTO BD-associated variants disturb binding sites of SP1 and SP2; obesity-associated variants, on the other hand, disturb binding sites of FOXP1, which are transcription factors highly expressed during prenatal development stages of the brain. CONCLUSION Our results suggest a possible effect of FTO variants on neurodevelopment in obesity and bipolar disorder, which gives new insights into the molecular mechanism underlying this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erasmo Saucedo‐Uribe
- Center of Advanced NeurosciencesDepartment of PsychiatryAutonomous University of Nuevo LeonHospital Universitario “Dr. José Eleuterio González”MonterreyMexico
| | - Alma Delia Genis‐Mendoza
- Laboratory of Genomics of Psychiatric and Neurodegenerative DiseasesNational Institute of Genomic MedicineMexico CityMexico
- Children's Psychiatric Hospital “Dr. Juan N. Navarro”Psychiatric Attention ServicesMexico CityMexico
| | - Adriana Díaz‐Anzaldúa
- Department of Psychiatric GeneticsClinical InvestigationsNational Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente MuñizMexico CityMexico
| | - José Jaime Martínez‐Magaña
- Laboratory of Genomics of Psychiatric and Neurodegenerative DiseasesNational Institute of Genomic MedicineMexico CityMexico
| | | | - Isela Juárez‐Rojop
- Academic Division of Health SciencesAutonomous University of TabascoVillahermosaTabascoMexico
| | - Nuria Lanzagorta
- Department of Clinical ResearchCarracci Medical GroupMexico CityMexico
| | - Michael Escamilla
- Center of Emphasis in NeurosciencesHealth Sciences CenterTexas Tech UniversityEl Paso, TexasUSA
| | | | | | - Yazmín Hernández‐Díaz
- Multidisciplinary Academic Division of Jalpa de MendezUniversidad Juárez Autónoma de TabascoComalcalcoTabascoMexico
| | - Humberto Nicolini
- Laboratory of Genomics of Psychiatric and Neurodegenerative DiseasesNational Institute of Genomic MedicineMexico CityMexico
- Department of Clinical ResearchCarracci Medical GroupMexico CityMexico
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30
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Nicoletti CF, Delfino HBP, Ferreira FC, Pinhel MADS, Nonino CB. Role of eating disorders-related polymorphisms in obesity pathophysiology. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2019; 20:115-125. [PMID: 30924001 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-019-09489-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human biological system provides innumerable neuroendocrine inputs for food intake control, with effects on appetite's modulation and the satiety signs. Its regulation is very complex, engaging several molecular interactions with many tissues, hormones, and neural circuits. Thus, signaling molecules that control food intake are critical for normal energy homeostasis and a deregulation of these pathways can lead to eating disorders and obesity. In line of this, genetic factors have a significantly influence of the regulation of neural circuits controlling the appetite and satiety pathways, as well as the regulation of brain reward systems. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes related to hypothalamic appetite and satiety mechanisms, further in multiple neurotransmitter systems may contribute to the development of major Eating Disorders (EDs) related to obesity, among them Binge Eating Disorder (BED) and Bulimia Nervosa (BN), which are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Ferreira Nicoletti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Flávia Campos Ferreira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Marcela Augusta de Souza Pinhel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- Laboratory of Studies in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, São José do Rio Preto Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla Barbosa Nonino
- Department of Health Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School - FMRP/USP - Laboratory of Nutrigenomic Studies, University of São Paulo, Av Bandeirantes, 3900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, CEP: 14049-900, Brazil.
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31
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Palmeira L, Cunha M, Padez C, Alvarez M, Pinto-Gouveia J, Manco L. Association study of variants in genes FTO, SLC6A4, DRD2, BDNF and GHRL with binge eating disorder (BED) in Portuguese women. Psychiatry Res 2019; 273:309-311. [PMID: 30677719 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A population based case-control study was conducted in Portuguese women with overweight/obesity to investigate the possible association of variants in genes FTO, SLC6A4, DRD2, BDNF and GHRL with binge eating disorder (BED). The distribution of seven polymorphisms was evaluated in 31 BED patients and 62 controls. No significant associations were found between polymorphisms and BED. Of interest, a markedly lower frequency of the FTO rs9939609 obesity risk A-allele was found in BED patients (0.290) in relation to the control group (0.402). Contrasting with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, our data suggest that rs9939609 A-allele has no potential role in BED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Palmeira
- Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention (CINEICC), Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marina Cunha
- Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention (CINEICC), Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Miguel Torga Superior Institute, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cristina Padez
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health (CIAS), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Manuela Alvarez
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health (CIAS), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Pinto-Gouveia
- Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention (CINEICC), Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Licínio Manco
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health (CIAS), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal.
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Stanghellini G, Ballerini M, Mancini M. The Optical-Coenaesthetic Disproportion Hypothesis of Feeding and Eating Disorders in the Light of Neuroscience. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:630. [PMID: 31607958 PMCID: PMC6755335 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This article builds on and extends the 'optical-coenaesthetic disproportion' (OCDisp) hypothesis of feeding and eating disorders (FEDs) matching data obtained through clinical research with laboratory evidence from neuroscience and neuropsychological studies. The OCDisp hypothesis, developed through the assessment in clinical setting of bodily experience using the IDentity and EAting (IDEA) disorder questionnaire, argues that in persons with FED the internal perception of one's embodied self (i.e., coenaesthesia) is deeply affected (their possibility to feel themselves is weakened or threatened by coenaesthopathic and emotional paroxysms; their bodily feelings are discontinuous over time), and as a compensation to it, these persons experience their own body as an object that is looked at by others. To FED persons, their body is principally given to them as an object 'to be seen.' The other's look serves as an optical prosthesis to cope with hypo- and dis-coenaesthesia and as a device through which persons with FED can define themselves and attenuate the anxiety produced by the conflicts between being-oneself and being-for-others. After describing the OCDisp hypothesis, we will gather evidence supporting it with neuroscience studies on FED. Our focus will be on data pointing to dampened multisensory integration of interoceptive and esteroceptive signals, demonstrating a predominance of the visual afferents toward signals arising within the body. In the final part of the article, we will show consistencies but also draw distinctions between our clinical hypothesis and neuroscience-based data and hypotheses and draft a potential agenda for translational research inspired by these.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Stanghellini
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Health, Territory, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti and Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Centro de estudios de fenomenología y psiquiatría - Diego Portales' University, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Milena Mancini
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Health, Territory, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti and Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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Cameron JD, Tasca GA, Little J, Chyurlia L, Ritchie K, Yeh E, Doucette S, Obregon AM, Bulman DE, Doucet É, Goldfield GS. Effects of fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene polymorphisms on binge eating in women with binge-eating disorder: The moderating influence of attachment style. Nutrition 2018; 61:208-212. [PMID: 30822753 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The genetics of binge-eating disorder (BED) is an emerging topic and one candidate pathway, namely the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene, may be implicated because of its role in food reward sensitivity and self-regulation of eating. The aims of this study were to examine the independent effects of variants of FTO on binge frequency in women with and without BED and to examine the moderating role of interpersonal attachment in this association. METHODS Secondary data analysis was conducted on a cross-sectional comparison of three groups of women in a trial of group treatment for BED: BED with obesity (n = 73), BED without obesity (n = 55), and normal weight without BED (n = 50). Women were genotyped for five of the most common FTO single-nucleotide polymorphisms, rs9939609, rs8050136, rs3751812, rs1421085, and rs1121980, which have been related to body mass index and energy intake. Binge frequency (Eating Disorder Examination), body composition (bioelectric impedance), and attachment (Attachment Style Questionnaire) were assessed. RESULTS There were no significant between-group differences for frequencies of FTO alleles, nor were there any significant anthropometric associations. The FTO × attachment interaction was significant whereby, relative to a low-risk FTO genotype, individuals with a high-risk genotype for the SNP rs1421085 and high-avoidant attachment had higher mean binge frequency than those with high genetic risk but low-avoidant attachment (β = -7.96; t = -2.07; P = 0.042). CONCLUSIONS FTO genotypes associated with risk for obesity and loss of control of eating, specifically rs1421085, may interact with insecure attachment in a way that may exacerbate binge eating among women with BED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jameason D Cameron
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Giorgio A Tasca
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julian Little
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Livia Chyurlia
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kerri Ritchie
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ed Yeh
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Ana-Maria Obregon
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Dennis E Bulman
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Éric Doucet
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gary S Goldfield
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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Obregón Rivas AM, Santos JL, Valladares MA, Cameron J, Goldfield G. Association of the FTO fat mass and obesity-associated gene rs9939609 polymorphism with rewarding value of food and eating behavior in Chilean children. Nutrition 2018; 54:105-110. [PMID: 29778907 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the association between the single-nucleotide polymorphism rs9939609 in the FTO gene and homeostatic/non-homeostatic eating behavior patterns in Chilean children. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in 258 children (44% female; 8-14 y of age). Anthropometric measurements (weight, height, Z-score of height, body mass index, and waist circumference) were performed. Eating behavior was assessed using the Eating in Absence of Hunger Questionnaire; the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire; the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire, and the Food Reinforcement Value Questionnaire. Genotype of rs9939609 was determined by a Taqman assay. Association of rs9939609 with eating behavior was assessed using non-parametric tests. RESULTS Allelic frequencies of rs9939609 were estimated as 77% for the A allele and 23% for the T allele. We found that normal-weight girl A carriers had higher scores of Satiety Responsiveness and Slowness on the Eating subscale. Normal-weight boy A carriers showed significantly higher scores on the Negative Affect and lower scores of the Desire to Drink subscale. In overweight children, A carriers showed higher scores on the Food Responsiveness, Emotional Overeating, Enjoyment of Food, and Food Choice subscales and lower scores on the Satiety- Responsiveness and Slowness in Eating subscales. In obese children, we found higher scores on the Cognitive Restrained subscale and lower Food Choice. CONCLUSION The rs9939609 A allele of the FTO gene is associated with eating behavior traits and may predispose to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Maria Obregón Rivas
- Escuela de Nutrición y dietética, Facultad de Ciencias para el cuidado de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Concepción, Chile.
| | - Jose L Santos
- Departamento de Nutrición, Diabetes y Metabolismo, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Macarena A Valladares
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Biológicas, Universidad Bernardo O Higgins, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jameson Cameron
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Gary Goldfield
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
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Magno FCCM, Guaraná HC, Fonseca ACP, Cabello GMK, Carneiro JRI, Pedrosa AP, Ximenes AC, Rosado EL. Influence of FTO rs9939609 polymorphism on appetite, ghrelin, leptin, IL6, TNFα levels, and food intake of women with morbid obesity. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2018; 11:199-207. [PMID: 29785132 PMCID: PMC5957059 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s154978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fat mass and obesity-related (FTO) gene has a strong relationship with obesity, extreme obesity and inflammatory state, and may also be associated with food intake regulation. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of the rs9939609 single-nucleotide polymorphism of the FTO gene on appetite, ghrelin, leptin, interleukin 6 (IL6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) levels and food intake of morbidly obese women. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study comprised 70 women, aged between 20 and 48 years, from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The participants were selected according to the body mass index between 40 and 60 kg/m2. Anthropometric and biochemical data were measured during fasting. Hormones and inflammatory data were measured before and after the participants ate an isocaloric meal. Dietary records were calculated and analyzed using a nutritional assessment program. Visual analog scales were used for behaviors of the sensations of appetite and food preferences. The FTO rs9939609 variant was genotyped using real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Participants with the AA genotype had lower values of ghrelin and IL6 and higher values of leptin than those with TT and TA in the postprandial period. Comparing the plasma concentrations of ghrelin, insulin, IL6 and TNFα intragenotypes, it was observed that those with TT had decreased leptin and increased IL6 at the postprandial period. Subjects with TA showed increased postprandial IL6, and those with AA had decreased postprandial ghrelin. There was no difference in TNFα intra- and intergenotypes. The postprandial sensations of hunger were lower in AA than those with TT. There were differences between genotypes regarding ingested grams of protein by weight, cholesterol, B3, B5, B6 and B12 vitamins, and selenium potassium and sodium minerals. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that genetics may exert an influence on physiologic factors and might alter eating behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Cristina Carvalho Mattos Magno
- Institute of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Correspondence: Fernanda Cristina Carvalho Mattos Magno, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Nutrition Carlos Chagas Filho Avenue, 373 - CCS - block J - 2nd floor - University City, Fundão Island, 21941-590 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, Tel +55 21 3938 6601, Fax +55 21 2280 8343, Email
| | | | - Ana Carolina Proença Fonseca
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC), Human Genetics Laboratory, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Giselda Maria Kalil Cabello
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC), Human Genetics Laboratory, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - João Régis Ivar Carneiro
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, University Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho, Service of Nutrology, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Aline Pereira Pedrosa
- Institute of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Ximenes
- Institute of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Eliane Lopes Rosado
- Institute of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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