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Zhao Y, Zhou R, Guo Y, Chen X, Zhang A, Wang J, Ji F, Qin B, Geng J, Kong G, Li Z. Improvement of gut microbiome and intestinal permeability following splenectomy plus pericardial devascularization in hepatitis B virus-related cirrhotic portal hypertension. Front Immunol 2022; 13:941830. [PMID: 36159870 PMCID: PMC9493484 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.941830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome is an essential component of the intestinal mucosal barrier, critical in regulating intestinal permeability. Microbiome dysbiosis and intestinal permeability changes are commonly encountered conditions in patients with cirrhosis and are closely related to its development and further complications. However, alterations in the gut microbiome and intestinal permeability in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension after undergoing a splenectomy plus pericardial devascularization (SPD) have not been investigated. This study recruited 22 patients who were measured against themselves on the study parameters before and after an SPD, along with 20 healthy controls. Methodologically, fecal samples were collected for gut microbiome analysis by 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing, and peripheral blood samples were obtained to examine the liver function and intestinal permeability. This study showed that the community structure of the gut microbiomes in patients before the SPD exhibited obvious differences from those in the healthy control group. They also exhibited a decreased bacterial community richness, increased intestinal permeability, and enhanced inflammation compared with the healthy controls. These issues were further aggravated two weeks after the SPD. There was also evidence of significantly higher abundances of Streptococcaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, and Enterococcaceae than those in the healthy control group. However, 12 months after the surgery, 12 of the 16 patient-associated genera recovered, of which 10 reached normal levels. Additionally, the microbiome diversity increased; the bacterial composition was back to a level similar to the healthy controls. Liver function, intestinal permeability, and inflammation levels all improved compared with preoperative levels. Furthermore, correlation analyses indicated that the five recovered bacterial taxa and the Shannon diversity index were correlated with several improved clinical indicators. Altogether, the improvements in the liver function and intestinal permeability in HBV-related cirrhotic patients may be related to the restoration of the gut microbiome after an SPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ying Guo
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Aiyu Zhang
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jiayin Wang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Fanpu Ji
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Bowen Qin
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jing Geng
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Guangyao Kong
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zongfang Li
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Zongfang Li,
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Liu Y, Méric G, Havulinna AS, Teo SM, Åberg F, Ruuskanen M, Sanders J, Zhu Q, Tripathi A, Verspoor K, Cheng S, Jain M, Jousilahti P, Vázquez-Baeza Y, Loomba R, Lahti L, Niiranen T, Salomaa V, Knight R, Inouye M. Early prediction of incident liver disease using conventional risk factors and gut-microbiome-augmented gradient boosting. Cell Metab 2022; 34:719-730.e4. [PMID: 35354069 PMCID: PMC9097589 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiome has shown promise as a predictive biomarker for various diseases. However, the potential of gut microbiota for prospective risk prediction of liver disease has not been assessed. Here, we utilized shallow shotgun metagenomic sequencing of a large population-based cohort (N > 7,000) with ∼15 years of follow-up in combination with machine learning to investigate the predictive capacity of gut microbial predictors individually and in conjunction with conventional risk factors for incident liver disease. Separately, conventional and microbial factors showed comparable predictive capacity. However, microbiome augmentation of conventional risk factors using machine learning significantly improved the performance. Similarly, disease-free survival analysis showed significantly improved stratification using microbiome-augmented models. Investigation of predictive microbial signatures revealed previously unknown taxa for liver disease, as well as those previously associated with hepatic function and disease. This study supports the potential clinical validity of gut metagenomic sequencing to complement conventional risk factors for prediction of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Clinical Pathology, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Guillaume Méric
- Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Clinical Pathology, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Infectious Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Aki S Havulinna
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland; Institute of Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Shu Mei Teo
- Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Fredrik Åberg
- Transplantation and Liver Surgery Clinic, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matti Ruuskanen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jon Sanders
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Qiyun Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Anupriya Tripathi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Karin Verspoor
- School of Computing and Information Systems, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Computing Technologies, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Susan Cheng
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Mohit Jain
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pekka Jousilahti
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yoshiki Vázquez-Baeza
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rohit Loomba
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Leo Lahti
- Department of Computing, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Teemu Niiranen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael Inouye
- Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Clinical Pathology, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; The Alan Turing Institute, London, UK.
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3
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He Q, Yang C, Kang X, Chen Y, Zhang T, Zhang H, Kwok LY. Intake of Bifidobacterium lactis Probio-M8 fermented milk protects against alcoholic liver disease. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:2908-2921. [PMID: 35086715 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-21265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a liver disease caused by long-term heavy drinking, which is characterized by increased inflammation and oxidative stress in the liver and gut dysbiosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of administering ordinary and probiotic- (containing the Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis Probio-M8 strain; M8) fermented milk to rats. Several biochemical parameters and the fecal metagenomes were monitored before (d 0) and after (d 42) the intervention. Our results confirmed that alcohol could cause significant changes in the liver levels of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β, antioxidation indicators, and liver function-related indicators; meanwhile, the gut bacterial and viral microbiota were disrupted with significant reduction in microbial diversity and richness. Feeding the rats with Probio-M8-fermented milk effectively maintained the gut microbiota stability, reduced liver inflammation and oxidative stress, and mitigated liver damages in ALD. Moreover, the Probio-M8-fermented milk reversed alcohol-induced dysbiosis by restoring the gut microbiota diversity, richness, and composition. Four predicted fecal metabolites (inositol, tryptophan, cortisol, and vitamin K2) increased after the intervention, which might help regulate liver metabolism and alleviate ALD-related symptoms. In short, our data supported that consuming Probio-M8-fermented milk effectively mitigated ALD. The protective effect against ALD could be related to changes in the gut microbiome after probiotic-fermented milk consumption. However, such observation and the causal relationship among probiotic milk consumption, changes in gut microbiome, and disease alleviation would still need to be further confirmed. Nevertheless, this study has shown in a rat model that consuming probiotic-fermented milk could protect against ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuwen He
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, P. R. China; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, P. R. China
| | - Chengcong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, P. R. China; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Kang
- Research and Development Center, Inner Mongolia Mengniu Dairy (Group) Co. Ltd., Hohhot 011500, Inner Mongolia, P. R. China
| | - Yongfu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, P. R. China; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, P. R. China; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, P. R. China
| | - Heping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, P. R. China; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, P. R. China
| | - Lai-Yu Kwok
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, P. R. China; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, P. R. China.
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Wei LY, Zhang JK, Zheng L, Chen Y. The functional role of sulforaphane in intestinal inflammation: a review. Food Funct 2021; 13:514-529. [PMID: 34935814 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03398k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal inflammation represented by inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has become a global epidemic disease and the number of patients with IBD continues to increase. This digestive tract disease not only affects the absorption of food components by destroying the intestinal epithelial structure, but also can induce diseases in remote organs via the gut-organ axis, seriously harming human health. Nowadays, increasing attention is being paid to the nutritional and medicinal value of food components with increasing awareness among the general public regarding health. As an important member of the isothiocyanates, sulforaphane (SFN) is abundant in cruciferous plants and is famous for its excellent anti-cancer effects. With the development of clinical research, more physiological activities of SFN, such as antidepressant, hypoglycemic and anti-inflammatory activities, have been discovered, supporting the fact that SFN and SFN-rich sources have great potential to be dietary supplements that are beneficial to health. This review summarizes the characteristics of intestinal inflammation, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of SFN and its various protective effects on intestinal inflammation, and the possible future applications of SFN for promoting intestinal health have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yang Wei
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, 100176, People's Republic of China. .,School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Jiu-Kai Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, 100176, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lei Zheng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Ying Chen
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, 100176, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Yun L, Wu T, Li W, Zhang M. Wheat germ glycoprotein regionally modulates immunosuppressed mouse intestinal immunity function from early life to adulthood. Food Funct 2021; 12:97-106. [PMID: 33305774 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02754e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Wheat germ glycoprotein (WGP) is widely used due to its nutritional benefits and biological activity. This study evaluated the effects of WGP on intestinal-immunosuppressed mice from early life to adulthood and detected the underlying mechanism. The results revealed that WGP demonstrated no clinical side effects on the body index, serum total IgA level, protein expression and the morphology of intestine in newborn mice. In the phase of life, compared with the cyclophosphamide-treated group (CG), WGP clearly promoted the secretion of sIgA and effectively regulated the cytokine gene (IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-4, IL-6, IL-5, IL-17, and TGF-β1) expression in the intestine. Furthermore, WGP promoted the expression of CD40L and CD40, phosphorylation of IKKα/β and transcription of NF-κB-p65. The data as reported in this present analysis suggest that WGP can improve the intestinal immunity of newborn mice to adulthood via the CD40L-CD40-IKKα/β-NF-κB p65 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Yun
- Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300191, China.
| | - Tao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, College of food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Wen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, College of food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300191, China. and State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, College of food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
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Wei J, Liu R, Hu X, Liang T, Zhou Z, Huang Z. MAPK signaling pathway-targeted marine compounds in cancer therapy. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 147:3-22. [PMID: 33389079 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03460-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This paper reviews marine compounds that target the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway and their main sources, chemical structures, major targeted cancers and possible mechanisms to provide comprehensive and basic information for the development of marine compound-based antitumor drugs in clinical cancer therapy research. METHODS This paper searched the PubMed database using the keywords "cancer", "marine*" and "MAPK signaling pathway"; this search was supplemented by the literature-tracing method. The marine compounds screened for review in this paper are pure compounds with a chemical structure and have antitumor effects on more than one tumor cell line by targeting the MAPK signaling pathway. The PubChem database was used to search for the PubMed CID and draw the chemical structures of the marine compounds. RESULTS A total of 128 studies were searched, and 32 marine compounds with unique structures from extensive sources were collected for this review. These compounds are cytotoxic to cancer cell lines, although their targets are still unclear. This paper describes their anticancer effect mechanisms and the protein expression changes in the MAPK pathway induced by these marine compound treatments. This review is the first to highlight MAPK signaling pathway-targeted marine compounds and their use in cancer therapy. CONCLUSION The MAPK signaling pathway is a promising potential target for cancer therapy. Searching for marine compounds that exert anticancer effects by targeting the MAPK signaling pathway and developing them into new marine anticancer drugs will be beneficial for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaen Wei
- Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Precision Drug Design of Guangdong Medical University, Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs of Guangdong Province, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, No. 1 Xincheng Road, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruining Liu
- Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Precision Drug Design of Guangdong Medical University, Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs of Guangdong Province, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, No. 1 Xincheng Road, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiyun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Precision Drug Design of Guangdong Medical University, Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs of Guangdong Province, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, No. 1 Xincheng Road, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Tingen Liang
- Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Precision Drug Design of Guangdong Medical University, Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs of Guangdong Province, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, No. 1 Xincheng Road, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiran Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Precision Drug Design of Guangdong Medical University, Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs of Guangdong Province, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, No. 1 Xincheng Road, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Zunnan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Precision Drug Design of Guangdong Medical University, Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs of Guangdong Province, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, No. 1 Xincheng Road, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China. .,Marine Medical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong, China.
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Yu X, Xue M, Liu Y, Zhou Z, Jiang Y, Sun T, Liang H. Effect of nicotinamide riboside on lipid metabolism and gut microflora-bile acid axis in alcohol-exposed mice. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:429-440. [PMID: 33473304 PMCID: PMC7802554 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is the most common complication of alcohol abuse, while we lack safe and effective treatment for ALD. This study aimed to explore the effects of nicotinamide riboside (NR) on lipid metabolism and gut microflora-bile acid axis in alcohol-exposed mice. NR significantly improved liver histopathological damage and abnormal liver function. NR as a provider of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) increased the NAD+/NADH ratio. Meanwhile, NR inhibited the activation of the protein phosphatase 1 signaling pathway, decreased the liver triglyceride and total bile acid levels, and reduced lipid accumulation. According to the results of gut microflora species analysis, NR intervention changed the microbial community structure at the phylum, family and genus levels, and the species abundances returned to a level similar to these of the normal control group. Besides, the results of high-performance liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometry showed that NR intervention resulted in fecal bile acid levels tending to be normal with decreased chenodeoxycholic acid level and increased deoxycholic acid and hyocholic acid levels. Spearman's correlation analysis showed a correlation between gut microflora and bile acids. Therefore, NR supplementation has the potential to prevent ALD, and its mechanism may be related to regulating lipid metabolism disorders and the gut microflora-bile acid axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yu
- Department of Human NutritionCollege of Public HealthQingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Meilan Xue
- Basic Medical CollegeQingdao University of MedicineQingdaoChina
| | - Ying Liu
- Basic Medical CollegeQingdao University of MedicineQingdaoChina
| | - Zhitong Zhou
- Food Science DepartmentUniversity of GuelphGuelphONCanada
| | - Yushan Jiang
- Department of Human NutritionCollege of Public HealthQingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Ting Sun
- Basic Medical CollegeQingdao University of MedicineQingdaoChina
| | - Hui Liang
- Department of Human NutritionCollege of Public HealthQingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
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8
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Jiang Y, Liu Y, Gao M, Xue M, Wang Z, Liang H. Nicotinamide riboside alleviates alcohol-induced depression-like behaviours in C57BL/6J mice by altering the intestinal microbiota associated with microglial activation and BDNF expression. Food Funct 2020; 11:378-391. [PMID: 31820774 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01780a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The gut microbiota play an important role in many central nervous system diseases through the gut microbiota-brain axis. Recent studies suggest that nicotinamide riboside (NR) has neuroprotective properties. However, it is unknown whether NR can prevent or protect against alcohol-induced depression. Furthermore, it is unclear whether its therapeutic action involves changes in the composition of the gut microbiome. Here, we investigated the effects of NR in the mouse model of alcohol-induced depression. Treatment with NR improved the alcohol-induced depressive behaviour in mice. In addition, NR decreased the number of activated microglia in the hippocampus, and it reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10 and TGF-β) cytokines in the brain of mice with alcohol-induced depression. Furthermore, NR significantly upregulated BDNF and diminished the inhibition of the AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin signalling pathway in the hippocampus of these mice. 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that, compared with control and NR-treated mice, the gut microbiome richness and composition were significantly altered in the depressed mice. Spearman's correlation analysis showed that differential gut bacterial genera correlated with the levels of inflammation-related cytokines and BDNF in the brain. After faecal microbiota transplantation, cognitive behaviours, microglial activity, levels of cytokines and BDNF, and activation state of the AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin signalling pathway (which is downstream of the BDNF receptor, TrkB) in recipient mice were similar to those in donor mice. Collectively, our findings show that NR dietary supplementation protects against alcohol-induced depression-like behaviours, possibly by altering the composition of the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushan Jiang
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Public Health, Qingdao University, Deng Zhou Road 38, Qingdao 266021, China.
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9
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Lobo A, Liu Y, Song Y, Liu S, Zhang R, Liang H, Xin H. Effect of procyanidins on lipid metabolism and inflammation in rats exposed to alcohol and iron. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04847. [PMID: 32964156 PMCID: PMC7490533 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lifestyle involving uncontrolled alcohol consumption coupled regularly with red meat and other iron sources has detrimental effects on the liver, which in the long term, results in Alcoholic Liver Disease (ALD). Procyanidin has lately garnered increasing attention and has become the focus of research owing to its antioxidant properties. This study explores the anti-inflammatory effects of procyanidins, in preventing ALD, by analyzing the biological activities of the compound on liver injury caused by excessive alcohol and iron. Method Male SPF Wistar rats were placed in 4 groups; the control Group A (basic diet); the model Group B (excess alcohol 8–12 mL/kg/d and iron 1000 mg/kg diet); the low dose procyanidin Group C (model group diet plus 60 mg/kg/d of procyanidin); and the high dose procyanidin Group D (model group diet plus 120 mg/kg/d of procyanidin). Serum biochemical markers for liver damage were measured spectrophotometrically. The NFκB and IκB mRNA expression levels were determined using RT-PCR; the NFκB p65 and IκB protein expression levels were assessed via western blotting, while ELISA was used to detect serum inflammatory factors. Results The pathological score of the model Group B, low and high dose procyanidin Groups C and D were 6.58 ± 0.90,4.69 ± 0.70 and 2.00 ± 0.73, respectively (P < 0.05). The results showed that high alcohol and iron contents in the model group led to significant damage of liver structure, increased low-density lipoproteins (LDLs), steatosis, and increased levels of inflammatory cytokines. High amounts of procyanidins led to the preservation of the liver structure, production of high-density lipoproteins, and reduction in serum inflammatory cytokines while also significantly decreasing the expression levels of NFκB p65. Conclusion The results prove that procyanidins have hepatoprotective potential and could be effective in reversing histopathology, possibly by alleviating inflammation and improving lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amara Lobo
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiang Su Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, 38 Deng Zhou Road, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Yuqing Song
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiang Su Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiang Su Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiang Su Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hui Liang
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Public Health, Qingdao University, 38 Deng Zhou Road, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Hui Xin
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiang Su Road, Qingdao 266071, China
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Aplysin Retards Pancreatic Necrosis and Inflammatory Responses in NOD Mice by Stabilizing Intestinal Barriers and Regulating Gut Microbial Composition. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:1280130. [PMID: 32801992 PMCID: PMC7416259 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1280130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Aplysin is a brominated sesquiterpene with an isoprene skeleton and has biological activities. The purpose of this study is to investigate the inhibitory effect of aplysin on spontaneous pancreatic necrosis in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice and its potential mechanisms. Results showed that NOD mice at 12 weeks of age showed obvious spontaneous pancreatic necrosis, damaged tight junctions of intestinal epithelia, and widened gaps in tight and adherens junctions. Aplysin intervention was able to alleviate spontaneous pancreatic necrosis in NOD mice, accompanied with decreased serum endotoxin levels and downregulated expressions of Toll-like receptor 4 and its related molecules MyD88, TRAF-6, NF-κB p65, TRIF, TRAM, and IRF-3, as well as protein levels of interleukin-1β and interferon-β in pancreatic tissues. In addition, we observed obvious improvements of intestinal mucosal barrier function and changes of gut microbiota in the relative abundance at the phylum level and the genus level in aplysin-treated mice compared with control mice. Together, these data suggested that aplysin could retard spontaneous pancreatic necrosis and inflammatory responses in NOD mice through the stabilization of intestinal barriers and regulation of gut microbial composition.
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11
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Effects of fucoidan on gut flora and tumor prevention in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colorectal carcinogenesis. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 82:108396. [PMID: 32388163 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the major malignancies in humans. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of fucoidan on gut flora and tumor prevention in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colorectal carcinogenesis in rats. We found that dietary fucoidan treatment decreased the tumor incidence and mean tumor weight and increased cell apoptosis. Fucoidan treatment decreased the expression of β-catenin C-Myc, CyclinD1 and Survivin, while the Hippo pathway was activated with increased phosphorylation levels of mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1 and 2, large tumor suppressor 1 and 2, and Yes-associated protein. Compared with the model group, the levels of interleukin (IL)-17 and IL-23 were decreased, but the levels of interferon-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 were increased, in the fucoidan group. Fucoidan treatment increased natural killer cells in peripheral blood and the proportion of CD4+ T cells. Immunofluorescence detection of colorectal tumor tissues showed decreased expression of Foxp3 and up-regulated expression of CD68 in the fucoidan group. Moreover, fucoidan treatment decreased the levels of diamine oxidase and lipopolysaccharides and up-regulated the levels of tight junction proteins. 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing revealed that fucoidan treatment decreased the abundance of Prevotella and increased the abundance of Alloprevotella. Fucoidan increased the levels of butyric acid and valeric acid compared to the model group. This study provides experimental evidence that dietary fucoidan may prevent colorectal tumorigenesis by regulating gut microecology and body immunity. Meanwhile, fucoidan activated the Hippo pathway and down-regulated the β-catenin pathway to induce tumor cell apoptosis and suppress tumor growth.
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Jiang C, Lin W, Wang L, Lv Y, Song Y, Chen X, Yang H. Fushen Granule, A Traditional Chinese Medicine, ameliorates intestinal mucosal dysfunction in peritoneal dialysis rat model by regulating p38MAPK signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 251:112501. [PMID: 31877365 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Fushen Granule (FSG) is a Chinese medicinal formular prepared in hospital to treat intestinal mucosal dysfunction induced by peritoneal dialysis (PD). However, the mechanisms of this formular has not been studied yet. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study was designed to investigate the effect of FSG against intestinal dysfunction during PD treatment and explore the potential mechanisms using a rat PD model. METHODS AND METHODS In the present study, the effect of FSG on improving intestinal mucosal architecture injury was intuitively shown by hematoxylin-eosin staining, the serum levels of DAO and D-lactate were measured to evaluate the intestinal permeability by the DAO Assay Kit and D-Lactic Acid ELISA Kit. The expression of the intestinal mucosal barrier related inflammation factor by real-time PCR. The main effective constituents of FSG were characterized by UPLC/Q-TOF analysis, and the targets and pathways of the constituents were predicted via TCMSP database and IPA. the activation of p38MAPK signaling pathway by western blotting. RESULTS HE staining results showed that FSG protected against intestinal mucosal injury in pathology in PD rats. FSG decreased the intestinal mucosal permeability by increasing the transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) level and decreasing the intestinal clearance of fluorescein-isothiocyanate dextran (FD4) and the level of D-lactate and diamine oxidase (DAO). FSG significantly decreased the expression of ICAM-1, IL-1β, iNOS and TNF-α, and further inhibited the activation of p38MAPK signaling pathway via down-regulating the expression of P-p38MAPK and up-regulating the expression of DUSP1, occludin, and ZO-1. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that FSG ameliorated intestinal mucosal dysfunction in PD by decreasing expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibiting the activation of p38MAPK signaling pathway. The results provide a promising basis for the alternative medicine treatment of intestinal mucosal dysfunction in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China.
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Nephrology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China.
| | - Lingyun Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Nephrology Research and Training Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Yang Lv
- Department of Nephrology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China.
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Nephrology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China.
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Nephrology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China.
| | - Hongtao Yang
- Department of Nephrology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China.
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Xue M, Liang H, Ji X, Liu Y, Ge Y, Hou L, Sun T. Fucoidan prevent murine autoimmune diabetes via suppression TLR4-signaling pathways, regulation DC/Treg induced immune tolerance and improving gut microecology. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2019; 16:87. [PMID: 31889967 PMCID: PMC6916240 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-019-0392-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study was to investigate the effect and its possible mechanism of fucoidan on the development of spontaneous autoimmune diabetes in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. Methods 7-week-old NOD mice were randomly divided into three groups: control group, low-dose (300 mg/kg) and high-dose (600 mg/kg) fucoidan-treatment groups. After 5 weeks of treatment, 10 mice per group were randomly selected to be sacrificed after feces collection. The remaining 12 mice per group were fed until 26 weeks of age to assess the incidence of diabetes. Results Treatment with fucoidan increased serum insulin level, delayed the onset and decreased the development of diabetes in NOD mice. Fucoidan reduced the levels of strong Th1 proinflammatory cytokines, but induced Th2-bias ed. cytokine response. And dentridic cells (DCs) in fucoidan treatment group were characterized as low expression of MHC class II and CD86 molecules. TLR4 expressions and the downstream molecules in pancreas were down-regulated in fucoidan-treated groups. There were significant differences in the composition of gut flora between NOD control group and fucoidan group. Lactobacillus and Akkermansia were significantly enriched in fucoidan group. Conclusions Fucoidan could prevent the development of autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice via regulating DC/Treg induced immune tolerance, improving gut microecology, down-regulating TLR4 signaling pathway, and maintaining pancreatic internal environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilan Xue
- 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University of Medicine, 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao, 266021 People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Liang
- 2The Institute of Human Nutrition, Qingdao University of Medicine, Qingdao, 266021 People's Republic of China
| | - Xinqiang Ji
- 3Department of Gynaecology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021 People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Liu
- 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University of Medicine, 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao, 266021 People's Republic of China
| | - Yinlin Ge
- 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University of Medicine, 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao, 266021 People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Hou
- 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University of Medicine, 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao, 266021 People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Sun
- 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University of Medicine, 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao, 266021 People's Republic of China
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Liu X, Yu X, Xu X, Zhang X, Zhang X. The protective effects of Poria cocos-derived polysaccharide CMP33 against IBD in mice and its molecular mechanism. Food Funct 2019; 9:5936-5949. [PMID: 30378628 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01604f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the protective effects of a carboxymethyl polysaccharide CMP33 from Poria cocos against inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) were investigated using TNBS-induced colitis in mice. The results showed that CMP33 markedly ameliorated the severity of colitis, including a 2-fold decrease in the mortality rate, a 50% decrease in disease activity index, and a 36%-44% decrease in macro- or microscopic histopathological score, compared with TNBS administration. Moreover, CMP33 decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines in the colon tissue and serum of colitic mice. Using iTRAQ-coupled- nano-HPLC-MS/MS-based proteomics, the protein profiles after TNBS, high- or low-dose CMP33 and salazosulfapyridine (SASP) treatments were compared and many differentially expressed proteins were identified. Among them, 7 proteins (Hmgcs2, Fabp2, Hp, B4galnt2, B3gnt6, Sap and Ca1) were proposed to be the common targeting protein group (TPG) of CMP33 and drug SASP. Particularly, some targeting proteins were CMP33-dose-specific: high-dose-specific TPG (Mtco3, Gal-6, Mptx, S100 g and Hpx) and low-dose-specific TPG (Zg16, Hexb, Insl5, Cept1, Hspb6 and Ifi27l2b), suggesting the complex acting mechanism of CMP33. GC-TOF-MS-based metabolomics revealed that oleic acid and dihydrotestosterone could be the common targets of CMP33 and SASP. By integrative analysis of proteomics and metabolomics, key protein-metabolite pathways (PMP) were identified, PMP for high-dose: 2-hydroxybutyric acid - (GPT, GGH) - glutathione - ALB - testosterone - TTR - dihydrotestosterone; PMP for low-dose: (PYY, FABP2, HMGCS2) - oleic acid - TTR - dihydrotestosterone. In total, these results demonstrated the protective effects of CMP33 against IBD in mice through the potential TPG and PMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China.
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Meng X, Li S, Li Y, Gan RY, Li HB. Gut Microbiota's Relationship with Liver Disease and Role in Hepatoprotection by Dietary Natural Products and Probiotics. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1457. [PMID: 30297615 PMCID: PMC6213031 DOI: 10.3390/nu10101457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of dietary natural products have shown hepatoprotective effects. Increasing evidence has also demonstrated that gut microorganisms play an important role in the hepatoprotection contributed by natural products. Gut dysbiosis could increase permeability of the gut barrier, resulting in translocated bacteria and leaked gut-derived products, which can reach the liver through the portal vein and might lead to increased oxidative stress and inflammation, thereby threatening liver health. Targeting gut microbiota modulation represents a promising strategy for hepatoprotection. Many natural products could protect the liver from various injuries or mitigate hepatic disorders by reverting gut dysbiosis, improving intestinal permeability, altering the primary bile acid, and inhibiting hepatic fatty acid accumulation. The mechanisms underlying their beneficial effects also include reducing oxidative stress, suppressing inflammation, attenuating fibrosis, and decreasing apoptosis. This review discusses the hepatoprotective effects of dietary natural products via modulating the gut microbiota, mainly focusing on the mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Meng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Nutrition Translation, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Sha Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Ya Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Nutrition Translation, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Nutrition Translation, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
- South China Sea Bioresource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Xue M, Ji X, Liang H, Liu Y, Wang B, Sun L, Li W. The effect of fucoidan on intestinal flora and intestinal barrier function in rats with breast cancer. Food Funct 2018; 9:1214-1223. [PMID: 29384543 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo01677h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent research studies have shown that the intestinal flora are related to the occurrence and progress of breast cancer. This study investigates the effect of fucoidan on intestinal flora and intestinal barrier function in rats with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced breast cancers. Sixty female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to the control group, the model group, and the F1 and F2 groups, which were fed fucoidan at concentrations of 200 and 400 mg per kg bw (body weight), respectively. Intestinal histopathological analysis was performed and 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing was used to provide an overview of the intestinal flora composition. The contents of d-lactic acid (d-LA), diamine oxidase (DAO) and endotoxin in plasma were detected by ELISA. Expression levels of the tight junction (TJ) proteins, phosphorylated p38 MAPK and ERK1/2 were measured using western blotting. Our results suggested that the intestinal wall of the model group was damaged. However, after fucoidan intervention, the villi were gradually restored. ELISA showed that the levels of plasma endotoxin, d-LA and DAO decreased in the F1 and F2 groups compared to those in the model group. Fucoidan treatment also increased the expressions of ZO-1, occludin, claudin-1 and claudin-8. Furthermore, the expression levels of phosphorylated p38 MAPK and ERK1/2 were upregulated in fucoidan treatment groups. The results of 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing indicated that fucoidan increased the diversity of the intestinal microbiota and induced changes in microbial composition, with the increased Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes phylum ratio. In conclusion, the supplement of fucoidan could improve the fecal microbiota composition and repair the intestinal barrier function. The study suggested the use of fucoidan as an intestinal flora modulator for potential prevention of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilan Xue
- Basic Medical College, Qingdao University of Medicine, 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao 266021, PR China
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Ma Y, Li R, Liu Y, Liu M, Liang H. Protective Effect of Aplysin Supplementation on Intestinal Permeability and Microbiota in Rats Treated with Ethanol and Iron. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10060681. [PMID: 29861488 PMCID: PMC6024731 DOI: 10.3390/nu10060681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aplysin, a kind of phytochemicals or phytonutrients, is purified from red alga Laurencia tristicha. The present study aims to investigate the influence of aplysin on changes of intestinal permeability and microbiota induced by excessive ethanol and iron. Thirty male rats were randomly divided into three groups (10/group): control group (normal saline); ethanol + iron group as EI treated with ethanol (8–12 mL/kg/day) and iron (1000 mg/kg) in diet; EI supplemented with aplysin (150 mg/kg/day) group as AEI; the trial lasts for 12 weeks. The result showed that levels of plasma endotoxin, fatty acid-binding protein 2, D-lactic acid, diamine oxidase were increased in rats in the EI group; and significantly decreased by 14%, 17%, 26%, 16%, respectively (p < 0.05) in the AEI group after the 12-week aplysin treatment. Moreover, in the AEI group the amount of Escherichia coli and Bacteroides fragilis were higher, while the amount of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Clostridium were lower than those in the EI group. The expressions of iron transporters divalent-metal transporter 1(DMT1) and ferroportin 1(FPN1) were significantly upregulated in the EI group compared to those in the control group. In conclusion, aplysin could effectively improve intestinal permeability and intestinal flora disorder induced with excessive ethanol and iron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ma
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Public Health, Qingdao University, 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao 266021, China.
| | - Ruiying Li
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Public Health, Qingdao University, 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao 266021, China.
| | - Ying Liu
- Basic Medical College, Qingdao University of Medicine, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Man Liu
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Public Health, Qingdao University, 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao 266021, China.
| | - Hui Liang
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Public Health, Qingdao University, 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao 266021, China.
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