1
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Wu W, Fan H, Cen J, Huang P, Li G, Tan Y, Liu G, Hong B. Novel diagnostic biomarkers related to necroptosis and immune infiltration landscape in acute myocardial infarction. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17044. [PMID: 38426147 PMCID: PMC10903340 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) can occur suddenly, which may induce deadly outcomes, and the population suffering from AMI presents a younger trend. Necroptosis, the new cell necrosis type, is associated with the pathogenic mechanisms of diverse cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Its diagnostic value and molecular mechanisms in AMI are still unclear. Objective: This study focused on determining key necroptosis-related genes as well as immune infiltration in AMI. Methods We first examined the GSE66360 dataset for identifying necroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (NRDEGs). Thereafter, GO and functional annotation were performed, then a PPI network was built. In addition, "CIBERSORT" in R was applied in comparing different immune infiltration degrees in AMI compared with control groups. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to evaluate whether hub NRDEGs could be used in AMI diagnosis. Associations of immune cells with candidate NRDEGs biomarkers were examined by Spearman analysis. Finally, hub NRDEGs were validated by cell qPCR assays and another two datasets. Results A total of 15 NRDEGs were identified and multiple enrichment terms associated with necroptosis were discovered through GO and KEGG analysis. Upon module analysis, 10 hub NRDEGs were filtered out, and the top six hub NRDEGs were identified after ROC analysis. These top six NRDEGs might have a certain effect on modulating immune infiltrating cells, especially for mast cells activated, NK cells activated and neutrophils. Finally, two AMI datasets and qPCR assay came to identical findings. Conclusion Our results offer the reliable molecular biomarkers and new perspectives for necroptosis in AMI, which lay a certain foundation for developing novel anti-AMI therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfa Wu
- General Practice, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongxing Fan
- Neurology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junlin Cen
- General Practice, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei Huang
- General Practice, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guidong Li
- General Practice, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanping Tan
- Neurology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gen Liu
- General Practice, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baoshan Hong
- General Practice, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Guangzhou, China
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2
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Hoff J, Xiong L, Kammann T, Neugebauer S, Micheel JM, Gaßler N, Bauer M, Press AT. RIPK3 promoter hypermethylation in hepatocytes protects from bile acid-induced inflammation and necroptosis. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:275. [PMID: 37072399 PMCID: PMC10113265 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05794-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Necroptosis facilitates cell death in a controlled manner and is employed by many cell types following injury. It plays a significant role in various liver diseases, albeit the cell-type-specific regulation of necroptosis in the liver and especially hepatocytes, has not yet been conceptualized. We demonstrate that DNA methylation suppresses RIPK3 expression in human hepatocytes and HepG2 cells. In diseases leading to cholestasis, the RIPK3 expression is induced in mice and humans in a cell-type-specific manner. Overexpression of RIPK3 in HepG2 cells leads to RIPK3 activation by phosphorylation and cell death, further modulated by different bile acids. Additionally, bile acids and RIPK3 activation further facilitate JNK phosphorylation, IL-8 expression, and its release. This suggests that hepatocytes suppress RIPK3 expression to protect themselves from necroptosis and cytokine release induced by bile acid and RIPK3. In chronic liver diseases associated with cholestasis, induction of RIPK3 expression may be an early event signaling danger and repair through releasing IL-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Hoff
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Nanophysiology Group, Jena University Hospital, Jena, 07747, Germany
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | - Ling Xiong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Nanophysiology Group, Jena University Hospital, Jena, 07747, Germany
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | - Tobias Kammann
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Nanophysiology Group, Jena University Hospital, Jena, 07747, Germany
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | - Sophie Neugebauer
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, 07743, Germany
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, 07747, Germany
| | - Julia M Micheel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Nanophysiology Group, Jena University Hospital, Jena, 07747, Germany
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | | | - Michael Bauer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Nanophysiology Group, Jena University Hospital, Jena, 07747, Germany
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | - Adrian T Press
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Nanophysiology Group, Jena University Hospital, Jena, 07747, Germany.
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, 07743, Germany.
- Faculty of Medicine, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, 07747, Germany.
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3
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Ito Y, Hosono K, Amano H. Responses of hepatic sinusoidal cells to liver ischemia–reperfusion injury. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1171317. [PMID: 37082623 PMCID: PMC10112669 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1171317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver displays a remarkable regenerative capacity in response to acute liver injury. In addition to the proliferation of hepatocytes during liver regeneration, non-parenchymal cells, including liver macrophages, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs), and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) play critical roles in liver repair and regeneration. Liver ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major cause of increased liver damage during liver resection, transplantation, and trauma. Impaired liver repair increases postoperative morbidity and mortality of patients who underwent liver surgery. Successful liver repair and regeneration after liver IRI requires coordinated interplay and synergic actions between hepatic resident cells and recruited cell components. However, the underlying mechanisms of liver repair after liver IRI are not well understood. Recent technological advances have revealed the heterogeneity of each liver cell component in the steady state and diseased livers. In this review, we describe the progress in the biology of liver non-parenchymal cells obtained from novel technological advances. We address the functional role of each cell component in response to liver IRI and the interactions between diverse immune repertoires and non-hematopoietic cell populations during the course of liver repair after liver IRI. We also discuss how these findings can help in the design of novel therapeutic approaches. Growing insights into the cellular interactions during liver IRI would enhance the pathology of liver IRI understanding comprehensively and further develop the strategies for improvement of liver repair.
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4
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Xu J, Wu D, Zhou S, Hu H, Li F, Guan Z, Zhan X, Gao Y, Wang P, Rao Z. MLKL deficiency attenuated hepatocyte oxidative DNA damage by activating mitophagy to suppress macrophage cGAS-STING signaling during liver ischemia and reperfusion injury. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:58. [PMID: 36765043 PMCID: PMC9918524 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01357-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Mixed-lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL)-mediated necroptosis has been implicated in aggravating liver ischemia and reperfusion (IR) injury. However, the precise role and mechanism of MLKL in regulating oxidative DNA damage of hepatocytes and subsequent activation of macrophage stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of MLKL in regulating the interplay between hepatocyte injury and macrophage pro-inflammatory responses during liver IR injury. We found that IR increased MLKL expression in liver tissues of wild type (WT) mice. MLKL knockout (KO) attenuated liver IR injury and suppressed the activation of cGAS-STING signaling in intrahepatic macrophages, which was abrogated by STING activation with its agonist. Mechanistically, IR induced oxidative DNA damage in hepatocytes, leading to cGAS-STING activation in macrophages, which was suppressed by MLKL KO. Moreover, increased PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1)-mediated mitophagy contributed to reduced oxidative DNA damage in hepatocytes and subsequent decreased activation of STING signaling in macrophages in MLKL KO mice. Our findings demonstrated a non-canonical role of MLKL in the pathogenesis of liver IR. MLKL deficiency significantly promoted PINK1-mediated mitophagy activation to inhibit oxidative DNA damage in hepatocytes, which in turn suppressed macrophage cGAS-STING activation and inflammatory liver IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xu
- grid.477246.40000 0004 1803 0558Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 210029 Nanjing, China
| | - Dongming Wu
- grid.477246.40000 0004 1803 0558Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 210029 Nanjing, China
| | - Shun Zhou
- grid.477246.40000 0004 1803 0558Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 210029 Nanjing, China
| | - Haoran Hu
- grid.477246.40000 0004 1803 0558Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 210029 Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Li
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China
| | - Zhu Guan
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyu Zhan
- grid.477246.40000 0004 1803 0558Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 210029 Nanjing, China
| | - Yiyun Gao
- grid.477246.40000 0004 1803 0558Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 210029 Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 210029, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zhuqing Rao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210029, Nanjing, China.
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5
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Mohamadian M, Parsamanesh N, Chiti H, Sathyapalan T, Sahebkar A. Protective effects of curcumin on ischemia/reperfusion injury. Phytother Res 2022; 36:4299-4324. [PMID: 36123613 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a term used to describe phenomena connected to the dysfunction of various tissue damage due to reperfusion after ischemic injury. While I/R may result in systemic inflammatory response syndrome or multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, there is still a long way to improve therapeutic outcomes. A number of cellular metabolic and ultrastructural alterations occur by prolonged ischemia. Ischemia increases the expression of proinflammatory gene products and bioactive substances within the endothelium, such as cytokines, leukocytes, and adhesion molecules, even as suppressing the expression of other "protective" gene products and substances, such as thrombomodulin and constitutive nitric oxide synthase (e.g., prostacyclin, nitric oxide [NO]). Curcumin is the primary phenolic pigment derived from turmeric, the powdered rhizome of Curcuma longa. Numerous studies have shown that curcumin has strong antiinflammatory and antioxidant characteristics. It also prevents lipid peroxidation and scavenges free radicals like superoxide anion, singlet oxygen, NO, and hydroxyl. In our study, we highlight the mechanisms of protective effects of curcumin against I/R injury in various organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malihe Mohamadian
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Negin Parsamanesh
- Zanjan Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Hossein Chiti
- Zanjan Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Department of Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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6
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Chaouhan HS, Vinod C, Mahapatra N, Yu SH, Wang IK, Chen KB, Yu TM, Li CY. Necroptosis: A Pathogenic Negotiator in Human Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232112714. [PMID: 36361505 PMCID: PMC9655262 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past few decades, mechanisms of programmed cell death have attracted the scientific community because they are involved in diverse human diseases. Initially, apoptosis was considered as a crucial mechanistic pathway for programmed cell death; recently, an alternative regulated mode of cell death was identified, mimicking the features of both apoptosis and necrosis. Several lines of evidence have revealed that dysregulation of necroptosis leads to pathological diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular, lung, renal, hepatic, neurodegenerative, and inflammatory diseases. Regulated forms of necrosis are executed by death receptor ligands through the activation of receptor-interacting protein kinase (RIPK)-1/3 and mixed-lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL), resulting in the formation of a necrosome complex. Many papers based on genetic and pharmacological studies have shown that RIPKs and MLKL are the key regulatory effectors during the progression of multiple pathological diseases. This review focused on illuminating the mechanisms underlying necroptosis, the functions of necroptosis-associated proteins, and their influences on disease progression. We also discuss numerous natural and chemical compounds and novel targeted therapies that elicit beneficial roles of necroptotic cell death in malignant cells to bypass apoptosis and drug resistance and to provide suggestions for further research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh Singh Chaouhan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Ch Vinod
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneshwar 751024, India
| | - Nikita Mahapatra
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneshwar 751024, India
| | - Shao-Hua Yu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - I-Kuan Wang
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Bao Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Min Yu
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (T.-M.Y.); or (C.-Y.L.)
| | - Chi-Yuan Li
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (T.-M.Y.); or (C.-Y.L.)
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7
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Shi S, Bonaccorsi-Riani E, Schurink I, van den Bosch T, Doukas M, Lila KA, Roest HP, Xhema D, Gianello P, de Jonge J, Verstegen MMA, van der Laan LJW. Liver Ischemia and Reperfusion Induce Periportal Expression of Necroptosis Executor pMLKL Which Is Associated With Early Allograft Dysfunction After Transplantation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:890353. [PMID: 35655777 PMCID: PMC9152120 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.890353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early allograft dysfunction (EAD) following liver transplantation (LT) remains a major threat to the survival of liver grafts and recipients. In animal models, it is shown that hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) triggers phosphorylation of Mixed Lineage Kinase domain-like protein (pMLKL) inducing necroptotic cell death. However, the clinical implication of pMLKL-mediated cell death in human hepatic IRI remains largely unexplored. In this study, we aimed to investigate the expression of pMLKL in human liver grafts and its association with EAD after LT. Methods The expression of pMLKL was determined by immunohistochemistry in liver biopsies obtained from both human and rat LT. Human liver biopsies were obtained at the end of preservation (T0) and ~1 hour after reperfusion (T1). The positivity of pMLKL was quantified electronically and compared in rat and human livers and post-LT outcomes. Multiplex immunofluorescence staining was performed to characterize the pMLKL-expressing cells. Results In the rat LT model, significant pMLKL expression was observed in livers after IRI as compared to livers of sham-operation animals. Similarly, the pMLKL score was highest after IRI in human liver grafts (in T1 biopsies). Both in rats and humans, the pMLKL expression is mostly observed in the portal triads. In grafts who developed EAD after LT (n=24), the pMLKL score at T1 was significantly higher as compared to non-EAD grafts (n=40). ROC curve revealed a high predictive value of pMLKL score at T1 (AUC 0.70) and the ratio of pMLKL score at T1 and T0 (pMLKL-index, AUC 0.82) for EAD. Liver grafts with a high pMLKL index (>1.64) had significantly higher levels of serum ALT, AST, and LDH 24 hours after LT compared to grafts with a low pMLKL index. Multivariate logistical regression analysis identified the pMLKL-index (Odds ratio=1.3, 95% CI 1.1-1.7) as a predictor of EAD development. Immunohistochemistry on serial sections and multiplex staining identified the periportal pMLKL-positive cells as portal fibroblasts, fibrocytes, and a minority of cholangiocytes. Conclusion Periportal pMLKL expression increased significantly after IRI in both rat and human LT. The histological score of pMLKL is predictive of post-transplant EAD and is associated with early liver injury after LT. Periportal non-parenchymal cells (i.e. fibroblasts) appear most susceptible to pMLKL-mediated cell death during hepatic IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojun Shi
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Eliano Bonaccorsi-Riani
- Abdominal Transplant Unit, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation Institute de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ivo Schurink
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Thierry van den Bosch
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Michael Doukas
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Karishma A Lila
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Henk P Roest
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Daela Xhema
- Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation Institute de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Gianello
- Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation Institute de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jeroen de Jonge
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Monique M A Verstegen
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Luc J W van der Laan
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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8
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Liver ischaemia-reperfusion injury: a new understanding of the role of innate immunity. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 19:239-256. [PMID: 34837066 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-021-00549-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Liver ischaemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI), a local sterile inflammatory response driven by innate immunity, is one of the primary causes of early organ dysfunction and failure after liver transplantation. Cellular damage resulting from LIRI is an important risk factor not only for graft dysfunction but also for acute and even chronic rejection and exacerbates the shortage of donor organs for life-saving liver transplantation. Hepatocytes, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells and Kupffer cells, along with extrahepatic monocyte-derived macrophages, neutrophils and platelets, are all involved in LIRI. However, the mechanisms underlying the responses of these cells in the acute phase of LIRI and how these responses are orchestrated to control and resolve inflammation and achieve homeostatic tissue repair are not well understood. Technological advances allow the tracking of cells to better appreciate the role of hepatic macrophages and platelets (such as their origin and immunomodulatory and tissue-remodelling functions) and hepatic neutrophils (such as their selective recruitment, anti-inflammatory and tissue-repairing functions, and formation of extracellular traps and reverse migration) in LIRI. In this Review, we summarize the role of macrophages, platelets and neutrophils in LIRI, highlight unanswered questions, and discuss prospects for innovative therapeutic regimens against LIRI in transplant recipients.
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9
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Zhang S, Rao S, Yang M, Ma C, Hong F, Yang S. Role of Mitochondrial Pathways in Cell Apoptosis during He-Patic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042357. [PMID: 35216473 PMCID: PMC8877300 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury is a major cause of post-operative hepatic dysfunction and liver failure after transplantation. Mitochondrial pathways can be either beneficial or detrimental to hepatic cell apoptosis during hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury, depending on multiple factors. Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury may be induced by opened mitochondrial permeability transition pore, released apoptosis-related proteins, up-regulated B-cell lymphoma-2 gene family proteins, unbalanced mitochondrial dynamics, and endoplasmic reticulum stress, which are integral parts of mitochondrial pathways. In this review, we discuss the role of mitochondrial pathways in apoptosis that account for the most deleterious effect of hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Zhang
- Experimental Center of Pathogen Biology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (S.Z.); (S.R.); (C.M.)
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Sijing Rao
- Experimental Center of Pathogen Biology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (S.Z.); (S.R.); (C.M.)
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Meiwen Yang
- Department of Surgery, Fuzhou Medical College, Nanchang University, Fuzhou 344099, China;
| | - Chen Ma
- Experimental Center of Pathogen Biology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (S.Z.); (S.R.); (C.M.)
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Fengfang Hong
- Experimental Center of Pathogen Biology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (S.Z.); (S.R.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence: (F.H.); or (S.Y.)
| | - Shulong Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Department of Physiology, Fuzhou Medical College, Nanchang University, Fuzhou 344099, China
- Correspondence: (F.H.); or (S.Y.)
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10
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Shan L, Chen H, Yang L, Feng Z, Wang Y, Wang R, Zhang N, Wu R, Lv Y, Ma T. Near-infrared fluorescence imaging with indocyanine green for assessment of donor livers in a rat model of ischemia-reperfusion. BMC Gastroenterol 2022; 22:27. [PMID: 35057742 PMCID: PMC8780761 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-022-02103-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although marginal donor livers expand the donor pool, an ideal method for quantitatively evaluating the quality of donor livers has not been developed. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging for estimating liver function in an ischemia-reperfusion model. METHODS Forty-eight rats were randomly and evenly divided into 8 groups: the control group and the experimental groups (I-VII). The portal vein blocking period was 0 min, 10 min, 20 min, 30 min, 40 min, 50 min and 60 min. After blood flow was reestablished and the hemodynamics stabilized, ICG was injected through the dorsal penile vein as a bolus, and the fluorescence signal was recorded for 30 min in real time. The fluorescence intensity (FI) curve of the liver was fitted with an asymptotic regression model. Fresh liver tissues and serum were obtained from the middle lobe of the liver on postoperative day (POD) 1 and POD 7 for histopathological evaluation and liver function tests. RESULTS The growth rate of the FI curve, parameter b3, decreased from groups I to VII. According to the two sudden changes in b3 (20 min, 50 min), the experimental groups could be classified into 3 groups (A, B and C). Hepatocytes in groups I-II showed slight edema, group III began to show obvious hepatocyte edema and vacuolar degeneration, and in groups VI-VII, severe hepatocyte degeneration, necrosis and large inflammatory cell infiltration were observed. Suzuki's scores in the 3 groups were also significantly different (P < 0.01). At the same time, the serum liver function in the experimental groups showed a significant increase on POD 1 and a decrease on POD 7. The alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and total bilirubin (TB) levels of groups A, B, and C were significantly different on POD 1 (P < 0.05), and the ALT and direct bilirubin (DB) levels were significantly different on POD 7 (P < 0.05); the lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) level of the group C was significantly higher than that of the groups A and B on POD 1 and POD 7. Meanwhile, the 7-day survival rate of the rats in group C was poor compared to that of the rats in groups A and B (58.3% vs. 100% vs. 100%). CONCLUSION ICG fluorescence imaging is effective for estimating the degree of liver damage and grading in an ischemia-reperfusion model. It probably has the potential for use in assessing the quality of the donor liver in liver transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyu Shan
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Huan Chen
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Lifei Yang
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Zhe Feng
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yue Wang
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Rongfeng Wang
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Nana Zhang
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Rongqian Wu
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yi Lv
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Tao Ma
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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11
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Baidya R, Crawford DHG, Gautheron J, Wang H, Bridle KR. Necroptosis in Hepatosteatotic Ischaemia-Reperfusion Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165931. [PMID: 32824744 PMCID: PMC7460692 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
While liver transplantation remains the sole treatment option for patients with end-stage liver disease, there are numerous limitations to liver transplantation including the scarcity of donor livers and a rise in livers that are unsuitable to transplant such as those with excess steatosis. Fatty livers are susceptible to ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) injury during transplantation and IR injury results in primary graft non-function, graft failure and mortality. Recent studies have described new cell death pathways which differ from the traditional apoptotic pathway. Necroptosis, a regulated form of cell death, has been associated with hepatic IR injury. Receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) and mixed-lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase (MLKL) are thought to be instrumental in the execution of necroptosis. The study of hepatic necroptosis and potential therapeutic approaches to attenuate IR injury will be a key factor in improving our knowledge regarding liver transplantation with fatty donor livers. In this review, we focus on the effect of hepatic steatosis during liver transplantation as well as molecular mechanisms of necroptosis and its involvement during liver IR injury. We also discuss the immune responses triggered during necroptosis and examine the utility of necroptosis inhibitors as potential therapeutic approaches to alleviate IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raji Baidya
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland QLD 4006, Australia; (R.B.); (D.H.G.C.)
- Gallipoli Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland QLD 4120, Australia;
| | - Darrell H. G. Crawford
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland QLD 4006, Australia; (R.B.); (D.H.G.C.)
- Gallipoli Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland QLD 4120, Australia;
| | - Jérémie Gautheron
- Sorbonne University, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), 75012 Paris, France;
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), 75013 Paris, France
| | - Haolu Wang
- Gallipoli Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland QLD 4120, Australia;
- Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Kim R. Bridle
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland QLD 4006, Australia; (R.B.); (D.H.G.C.)
- Gallipoli Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland QLD 4120, Australia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-7-3346-0698
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12
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Zhong W, Wang X, Rao Z, Pan X, Sun Y, Jiang T, Wang P, Zhou H, Wang X. Aging aggravated liver ischemia and reperfusion injury by promoting hepatocyte necroptosis in an endoplasmic reticulum stress-dependent manner. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:869. [PMID: 32793713 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-2822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Aggravated liver ischemia and reperfusion (IR) injury has been reported in aged mice. Although necroptosis inhibition showed no crucial effect on hepatic IR injury in young mice, whether and how necroptosis affects liver IR injury in aged mice remains unclear. Methods Young and aged mice were subjected to liver IR modeling. Liver injury, hepatocyte necroptosis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress were analyzed in different groups. Results Significantly increased liver necroptosis was found in aged mice post IR compared with young mice. Necroptosis inhibition by necrostatin-1 (Nec-1) decreased hepatocyte necroptosis and liver injury post IR in aged mice, with no significant effects on young mice. Furthermore, IR induced ER stress in both young and aged mice, and enhanced ER stress was observed in aged mice post IR. Administration of 4-phenylbutyrate (4-PBA), an ER stress antagonist, alleviated liver IR injury in both young and aged mice. However, ER stress inhibition reduced hepatocyte necroptosis in aged mice but not in young mice. Conclusions Aging increased ER stress in IR-stressed hepatocytes, leading to aggravated necroptosis and liver IR injury. Our study demonstrated a novel mechanism of ER stress in the regulation of hepatocyte necroptosis in aged livers post IR, which would be a potential therapeutic target to reduce liver IR injury in elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhe Zhong
- Hepatobiliary/Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Hepatobiliary/Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhuqing Rao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiongxiong Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Hepatobiliary/Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Hepatobiliary/Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Hepatobiliary/Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Haoming Zhou
- Hepatobiliary/Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuehao Wang
- Hepatobiliary/Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
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13
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Yamada N, Karasawa T, Wakiya T, Sadatomo A, Ito H, Kamata R, Watanabe S, Komada T, Kimura H, Sanada Y, Sakuma Y, Mizuta K, Ohno N, Sata N, Takahashi M. Iron overload as a risk factor for hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in liver transplantation: Potential role of ferroptosis. Am J Transplant 2020; 20:1606-1618. [PMID: 31909544 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.15773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a major problem in liver transplantation (LT). Although hepatocyte cell death is the initial event in hepatic I/R injury, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 202 pediatric living donor LT and found that a high serum ferritin level, a marker of iron overload, of the donor is an independent risk factor for liver damage after LT. Since ferroptosis has been recently discovered as an iron-dependent cell death that is triggered by a loss of cellular redox homeostasis, we investigated the role of ferroptosis in a murine model of hepatic I/R injury, and found that liver damage, lipid peroxidation, and upregulation of the ferroptosis marker Ptgs2 were induced by I/R, and all of these manifestations were markedly prevented by the ferroptosis-specific inhibitor ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) or α-tocopherol. Fer-1 also inhibited hepatic I/R-induced inflammatory responses. Furthermore, hepatic I/R injury was attenuated by iron chelation by deferoxamine and exacerbated by iron overload with a high iron diet. These findings demonstrate that iron overload is a novel risk factor for hepatic I/R injury in LT, and ferroptosis contributes to the pathogenesis of hepatic I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Yamada
- Division of Inflammation Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan.,Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Tadayoshi Karasawa
- Division of Inflammation Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Taiichi Wakiya
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Ai Sadatomo
- Division of Inflammation Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Homare Ito
- Division of Inflammation Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Ryo Kamata
- Division of Inflammation Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Sachiko Watanabe
- Division of Inflammation Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takanori Komada
- Division of Inflammation Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kimura
- Division of Inflammation Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Sanada
- Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yasunaru Sakuma
- Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Koichi Mizuta
- Department of Transplant Surgery, Saitama Children's Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Ohno
- Division of Histology and Cell Biology, Department of Anatomy, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan.,Division of Ultrastructural Research, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | - Naohiro Sata
- Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Masafumi Takahashi
- Division of Inflammation Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
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14
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Adding the oxygen carrier M101 to a cold-storage solution could be an alternative to HOPE for liver graft preservation. JHEP Rep 2020; 2:100119. [PMID: 32695967 PMCID: PMC7364164 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2020.100119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims Hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion (HOPE) is a promising technique for providing oxygen to the liver during graft preservation; however, because of associated logistical constraints, addition of an oxygen transporter to static cold-storage solutions (SCS) might be easier. M101 is marine worm haemoglobin that has been shown to improve kidney preservation in the clinic when added to SCS. This study evaluated the effects of the addition of M101 to SCS on the quality of pig liver graft preservation. Methods Pig liver grafts were preserved using SCS, HOPE, or SCS+M101, and the liver functions were compared during cold preservation and after orthotopic allotransplantation (OLT) in pigs. Results During preservation of the liver grafts, mitochondrial function, ATP synthesis, antioxidant capacities, and hepatocyte architecture were better preserved, and free radical production, antioxidant activities, and inflammatory mediators were lower, with HOPE or SCS+M101 than with SCS alone. However, after 1 h of preservation, liver functions with HOPE were superior to those with SCS+M101. After 6 h of preservation and OLT, blood levels of aspartate and alanine aminotransferases and lactate dehydrogenase increased with a peak effect at Day 1 post-transplant; values were similar with HOPE and SCS+M101, and were significantly lower than those in the SCS group. At Days 1 and 3, tumor necrosis factor α levels remained lower with HOPE and SCS+M101 vs. SCS. At Day 7, liver cell necrosis and inflammation were less marked in both oxygenated groups. Conclusions When added to SCS, M101 effectively oxygenates liver grafts during preservation, preventing post-transplant injury; although graft performances are below those achieved with HOPE. Lay summary When transported between donors and recipients, even cold-stored liver grafts need oxygen to maintain their viability. To provide them with oxygen, we added a marine worm super haemoglobin (M101) to the cold-storage solution UWCS. Using a pig liver transplant model, we revealed that livers cold stored with UWCS+M101 showed improved oxygenation compared with simple cold-storage solutions, but did not reach the oxygenation level achieved with machine perfusion.
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Key Words
- ALT, alanine aminotransferase
- AST, aspartate aminotransferase
- Cell necrosis
- DCD, deceased after circulatory death
- DGF, delayed graft function
- HOPE, hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion
- Haemoglobin
- Hepatocyte
- INR, international normalised ratio
- IRI, ischaemia-reperfusion injury
- Inflammation
- Liver transplantation
- Oxidative stress
- PT, prothrombin time
- SCS, simple cold-storage solutions
- UWCSS, University of Wisconsin cold-storage solution
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15
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Jiang Q, Gu S. Sevoflurane Postconditioning Reduces Hypoxia-Reoxygenation Injury in H9C2 Embryonic Rat Cardiomyocytes and Targets the STRADA Gene by Upregulating microRNA-107. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e920849. [PMID: 32332694 PMCID: PMC7197225 DOI: 10.12659/msm.920849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sevoflurane as a widely used inhalational general anesthetic that also has a cardioprotective role in hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) injury. This study aimed to investigate the effects of microRNA-107 (miR-107) on sevoflurane postconditioning (SpostC) in H9C2 embryonic rat cardiomyocytes and to use bioinformatics analysis to identify the molecular basis of cardioprotection from sevoflurane in human cardiac tissue. MATERIAL AND METHODS The STRADA gene was identified from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. H9C2 embryonic rat cardiomyocytes were cultured with sevoflurane. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot were used to measure the mRNA expression and protein expression of STRADA and miR-107 in H9C2 cells. TargetScanHuman version 7.2 was used to identify the target gene of miR-107 and to predict the STRADA 3'-UTR binding site of miR-107. The dual-luciferase reporter assay measured the relative luciferase activity. The cell proliferation rate and cell apoptosis were measured using the MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. RESULTS H/R injury in H9C2 cells following SpostC resulted in increased expression of miR-107 and reduced expression of STRADA. Specific binding of miR-107 was identified to STRADA 3'-UTR. Upregulation of the miR-107 in SpostC H/R injured H9C2 cells promoted cell proliferation, reduced cell apoptosis, and downregulating the protein expression of caspase-3. STRADA overexpression reduced the effects of a miR-107 mimic on SpostC. CONCLUSIONS SpostC reduced H/R injury in H9C2 embryonic rat cardiomyocytes by targeting the STRADA gene and by upregulating the expression of microRNA-107.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Jiang
- Department of Pain Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Shan Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland).,Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
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16
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Sarcognato S, de Jong IEM, Fabris L, Cadamuro M, Guido M. Necroptosis in Cholangiocarcinoma. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040982. [PMID: 32326539 PMCID: PMC7226990 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Necroptosis is a type of regulated cell death that is increasingly being recognized as a relevant pathway in different pathological conditions. Necroptosis can occur in response to multiple stimuli, is triggered by the activation of death receptors, and is regulated by receptor-interacting protein kinases 1 and 3 and mixed-lineage kinase domain-like, which form a regulatory complex called the necrosome. Accumulating evidence suggests that necroptosis plays a complex role in cancer, which is likely context-dependent and can vary among different types of neoplasms. Necroptosis serves as an alternative mode of programmed cell death overcoming apoptosis and, as a pro-inflammatory death type, it may inhibit tumor progression by releasing damage-associated molecular patterns to elicit robust cross-priming of anti-tumor CD8+ T cells. The development of therapeutic strategies triggering necroptosis shows great potential for anti-cancer therapy. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on necroptosis and its role in liver biliary neoplasms, underlying the potential of targeting necroptosis components for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Sarcognato
- Department of Pathology, Azienda ULSS2 Marca Trevigiana, 31100 Treviso, Italy
| | - Iris E. M. de Jong
- Department of Surgery, Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Luca Fabris
- Department of Molecular Medicine—DMM, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | | | - Maria Guido
- Department of Pathology, Azienda ULSS2 Marca Trevigiana, 31100 Treviso, Italy
- Department of Medicine—DIMED, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0422-322750
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17
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Khoury MK, Gupta K, Franco SR, Liu B. Necroptosis in the Pathophysiology of Disease. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:272-285. [PMID: 31783008 PMCID: PMC6983729 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Over the past 15 years, elegant studies have demonstrated that in certain conditions, programed cell death resembles necrosis and depends on a unique molecular pathway with no overlap with apoptosis. This form of regulated necrosis is represented by necroptosis, in which the receptor-interacting protein kinase-3 and its substrate mixed-lineage kinase domain-like protein play a crucial role. With the development of knockout mouse models and molecular inhibitors unique to necroptotic proteins, this cell death has been found to occur in virtually all tissues and diseases evaluated. There are different immunologic consequences depending on whether cells die through apoptosis or necroptosis. Therefore, distinguishing between these two forms of cell death may be crucial during pathologic evaluations. In this review, we provide an understanding of necroptotic cell-death and highlight diseases in which necroptosis has been found to play a role. We also discuss the inhibitors of necroptosis and the ways these inhibitors have been used in preclinical models of diseases. These two discussions offer an understanding of the role of necroptosis in diseases and will foster efforts to pharmacologically target this unique yet pervasive form of programed cell death in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitri K Khoury
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Kartik Gupta
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Sarah R Franco
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Bo Liu
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.
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18
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Soto G, Rodríguez MJ, Fuentealba R, Treuer AV, Castillo I, González DR, Zúñiga-Hernández J. Maresin 1, a Proresolving Lipid Mediator, Ameliorates Liver Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury and Stimulates Hepatocyte Proliferation in Sprague-Dawley Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020540. [PMID: 31952110 PMCID: PMC7014175 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Maresin-1 (MaR1) is a specialized pro-resolving mediator, derived from omega-3 fatty acids, whose functions are to decrease the pro-inflammatory and oxidative mediators, and also to stimulate cell division. We investigated the hepatoprotective actions of MaR1 in a rat model of liver ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. MaR1 (4 ng/gr body weight) was administered prior to ischemia (1 h) and reperfusion (3 h), and controls received isovolumetric vehicle solution. To analyze liver function, transaminases levels and tissue architecture were assayed, and serum cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10, mitotic activity index, and differential levels of NF-κB and Nrf-2 transcription factors, were analyzed. Transaminase, TNF-α levels, and cytoarchitecture were normalized with the administration of MaR1 and associated with changes in NF-κB. IL-6, mitotic activity index, and nuclear translocation of Nrf-2 increased in the MaR1-IR group, which would be associated with hepatoprotection and cell proliferation. Taken together, these results suggest that MaR1 alleviated IR liver injury, facilitated by the activation of hepatocyte cell division, increased IL-6 cytokine levels, and the nuclear localization of Nrf-2, with a decrease of NF-κB activity. All of them were related to an improvement of liver injury parameters. These results open the possibility of MaR1 as a potential therapeutic tool in IR and other hepatic pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Soto
- Escuela de Tecnología Medica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile;
| | - María José Rodríguez
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias mención Investigación y Desarrollo de Productos Bioactivos, Instituto de Química de los Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; (M.J.R.); (R.F.)
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Roberto Fuentealba
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias mención Investigación y Desarrollo de Productos Bioactivos, Instituto de Química de los Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; (M.J.R.); (R.F.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; (A.V.T.); (D.R.G.)
| | - Adriana V. Treuer
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; (A.V.T.); (D.R.G.)
- Centro de Bioinformática, Simulación y Modelado, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Iván Castillo
- Unidad de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Regional de Talca, Talca 3460001, Chile;
- Centro Oncológico, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3466706, Chile
| | - Daniel R. González
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; (A.V.T.); (D.R.G.)
| | - Jessica Zúñiga-Hernández
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-71-2201667
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Billah M, Ridiandries A, Rayner BS, Allahwala UK, Dona A, Khachigian LM, Bhindi R. Egr-1 functions as a master switch regulator of remote ischemic preconditioning-induced cardioprotection. Basic Res Cardiol 2019; 115:3. [PMID: 31823016 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-019-0763-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Despite improved treatment options myocardial infarction (MI) is still a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) is a mechanistic process that reduces myocardial infarction size and protects against ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury. The zinc finger transcription factor early growth response-1 (Egr-1) is integral to the biological response to I/R, as its upregulation mediates the increased expression of inflammatory and prothrombotic processes. We aimed to determine the association and/or role of Egr-1 expression with the molecular mechanisms controlling the cardioprotective effects of RIPC. This study used H9C2 cells in vitro and a rat model of cardiac ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury. We silenced Egr-1 with DNAzyme (ED5) in vitro and in vivo, before three cycles of RIPC consisting of alternating 5 min hypoxia and normoxia in cells or hind-limb ligation and release in the rat, followed by hypoxic challenge in vitro and I/R injury in vivo. Post-procedure, ED5 administration led to a significant increase in infarct size compared to controls (65.90 ± 2.38% vs. 41.00 ± 2.83%, p < 0.0001) following administration prior to RIPC in vivo, concurrent with decreased plasma IL-6 levels (118.30 ± 4.30 pg/ml vs. 130.50 ± 1.29 pg/ml, p < 0.05), downregulation of the cardioprotective JAK-STAT pathway, and elevated myocardial endothelial dysfunction. In vitro, ED5 administration abrogated IL-6 mRNA expression in H9C2 cells subjected to RIPC (0.95 ± 0.20 vs. 6.08 ± 1.40-fold relative to the control group, p < 0.05), resulting in increase in apoptosis (4.76 ± 0.70% vs. 2.23 ± 0.34%, p < 0.05) and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (0.57 ± 0.11% vs. 1.0 ± 0.14%-fold relative to control, p < 0.05) in recipient cells receiving preconditioned media from the DNAzyme treated donor cells. This study suggests that Egr-1 functions as a master regulator of remote preconditioning inducing a protective effect against myocardial I/R injury through IL-6-dependent JAK-STAT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Billah
- Department of Cardiology, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Level 12, Royal North Shore Hospital, Cnr Reserve Rd and Westbourne, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia.
- Sydney Medical School Northern, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
- School of Life Sciences, Independent University Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| | - A Ridiandries
- Department of Cardiology, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Level 12, Royal North Shore Hospital, Cnr Reserve Rd and Westbourne, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia
- Sydney Medical School Northern, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - B S Rayner
- Inflammation Group, Heart Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - U K Allahwala
- Department of Cardiology, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Level 12, Royal North Shore Hospital, Cnr Reserve Rd and Westbourne, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia
- Sydney Medical School Northern, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - A Dona
- Department of Cardiology, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Level 12, Royal North Shore Hospital, Cnr Reserve Rd and Westbourne, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia
- Sydney Medical School Northern, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - L M Khachigian
- Vascular Biology and Translational Research, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - R Bhindi
- Department of Cardiology, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Level 12, Royal North Shore Hospital, Cnr Reserve Rd and Westbourne, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia
- Sydney Medical School Northern, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
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20
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Sun H, McKeen T, Wang H, Ni HM. Necroptosis in ischemia-reperfusion injury of lean and steatotic livers. LIVER RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livres.2019.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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21
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Panel M, Ruiz I, Brillet R, Lafdil F, Teixeira-Clerc F, Nguyen CT, Calderaro J, Gelin M, Allemand F, Guichou JF, Ghaleh B, Ahmed-Belkacem A, Morin D, Pawlotsky JM. Small-Molecule Inhibitors of Cyclophilins Block Opening of the Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore and Protect Mice From Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Gastroenterology 2019; 157:1368-1382. [PMID: 31336123 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury is a complication of liver surgery that involves mitochondrial dysfunction resulting from mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening. Cyclophilin D (PPIF or CypD) is a peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase that regulates mPTP opening in the inner mitochondrial membrane. We investigated whether and how recently created small-molecule inhibitors of CypD prevent opening of the mPTP in hepatocytes and the resulting effects in cell models and livers of mice undergoing ischemia/reperfusion injury. METHODS We measured the activity of 9 small-molecule inhibitors of cyclophilins in an assay of CypD activity. The effects of the small-molecule CypD inhibitors or vehicle on mPTP opening were assessed by measuring mitochondrial swelling and calcium retention in isolated liver mitochondria from C57BL/6J (wild-type) and Ppif-/- (CypD knockout) mice and in primary mouse and human hepatocytes by fluorescence microscopy. We induced ischemia/reperfusion injury in livers of mice given a small-molecule CypD inhibitor or vehicle before and during reperfusion and collected samples of blood and liver for histologic analysis. RESULTS The compounds inhibited peptidyl-prolyl isomerase activity (half maximal inhibitory concentration values, 0.2-16.2 μmol/L) and, as a result, calcium-induced mitochondrial swelling, by preventing mPTP opening (half maximal inhibitory concentration values, 1.4-132 μmol/L) in a concentration-dependent manner. The most potent inhibitor (C31) bound CypD with high affinity and inhibited swelling in mitochondria from livers of wild-type and Ppif-/- mice (indicating an additional, CypD-independent effect on mPTP opening) and in primary human and mouse hepatocytes. Administration of C31 in mice with ischemia/reperfusion injury before and during reperfusion restored hepatic calcium retention capacity and oxidative phosphorylation parameters and reduced liver damage compared with vehicle. CONCLUSIONS Recently created small-molecule inhibitors of CypD reduced calcium-induced swelling in mitochondria from mouse and human liver tissues. Administration of these compounds to mice during ischemia/reperfusion restored hepatic calcium retention capacity and oxidative phosphorylation parameters and reduced liver damage. These compounds might be developed to protect patients from ischemia/reperfusion injury after liver surgery or for other hepatic or nonhepatic disorders related to abnormal mPTP opening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Panel
- INSERM U955, Team 3, Créteil, France; Université Paris-Est, UMR S955, DHU A-TVB, UPEC, Créteil, France
| | - Isaac Ruiz
- INSERM U955, Team Viruses, Hepatology, Cancer, Créteil, France
| | - Rozenn Brillet
- INSERM U955, Team Viruses, Hepatology, Cancer, Créteil, France
| | - Fouad Lafdil
- INSERM U955, Team Viruses, Hepatology, Cancer, Créteil, France; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
| | | | - Cong Trung Nguyen
- INSERM U955, Team Viruses, Hepatology, Cancer, Créteil, France; Department of Pathology, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Université Paris-Est, Créteil, France
| | - Julien Calderaro
- INSERM U955, Team Viruses, Hepatology, Cancer, Créteil, France; Department of Pathology, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Université Paris-Est, Créteil, France
| | - Muriel Gelin
- Centre de Biochimie Structurale (CBS), INSERM U1054, CNRS UMR5048, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Fred Allemand
- Centre de Biochimie Structurale (CBS), INSERM U1054, CNRS UMR5048, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-François Guichou
- Centre de Biochimie Structurale (CBS), INSERM U1054, CNRS UMR5048, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Bijan Ghaleh
- INSERM U955, Team 3, Créteil, France; Université Paris-Est, UMR S955, DHU A-TVB, UPEC, Créteil, France
| | | | - Didier Morin
- INSERM U955, Team 3, Créteil, France; Université Paris-Est, UMR S955, DHU A-TVB, UPEC, Créteil, France.
| | - Jean-Michel Pawlotsky
- INSERM U955, Team Viruses, Hepatology, Cancer, Créteil, France; National Reference Center for Viral Hepatitis B, C and Delta, Department of Virology, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Université Paris-Est, Créteil, France.
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22
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Necroptosis signaling in liver diseases: An update. Pharmacol Res 2019; 148:104439. [PMID: 31476369 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The apoptosis alternate cell death pathways are extensively studied in recent years and their significance has been well recognized. With identification of newer cell death pathways, the therapeutic opportunities to modulate cell death have indeed further extended. Necroptosis, among other apoptosis alternate pathways, has been immensely studied recently in different hepatic disease models. Receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIPK1), RIPK3 and mixed lineage kinase domain like (MLKL) seemed to be the key players to mediate necroptosis pathway. Initially, necroptosis seemed to be following the typical pathway. But recently diverse pathways and outcomes have been observed. With recent studies reporting diverse outcomes, the necroptosis signalling has become a lot more interesting and intricate. The typical RIPK1 signalling followed by RIPK3 and MLKL might not always be strictly followed. Although, necroptosis signalling has been intensively investigated in various disease conditions; however, there is still a need to further elaborate and understand the unique scaffolding and kinase properties and other signalling interactions of necroptosis signalling molecules.
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Shi S, Verstegen MMA, Mezzanotte L, de Jonge J, Löwik CWGM, van der Laan LJW. Necroptotic Cell Death in Liver Transplantation and Underlying Diseases: Mechanisms and Clinical Perspective. Liver Transpl 2019; 25:1091-1104. [PMID: 31077562 PMCID: PMC6617733 DOI: 10.1002/lt.25488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cell death is a natural process for the turnover of aged cells, but it can also arise as a result of pathological conditions. Cell death is recognized as a key feature in both acute and chronic hepatobiliary diseases caused by drug, alcohol, and fat uptake; by viral infection; or after surgical intervention. In the case of chronic disease, cell death can lead to (chronic) secondary inflammation, cirrhosis, and the progression to liver cancer. In liver transplantation, graft preservation and ischemia/reperfusion injury are associated with acute cell death. In both cases, so-called programmed cell death modalities are involved. Several distinct types of programmed cell death have been described of which apoptosis and necroptosis are the most well known. Parenchymal liver cells, including hepatocytes and cholangiocytes, are susceptible to both apoptosis and necroptosis, which are triggered by distinct signal transduction pathways. Apoptosis is dependent on a proteolytic cascade of caspase enzymes, whereas necroptosis induction is caspase-independent. Moreover, different from the "silent" apoptotic cell death, necroptosis can cause a secondary inflammatory cascade, so-called necroinflammation, triggered by the release of various damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). These DAMPs activate the innate immune system, leading to both local and systemic inflammatory responses, which can even cause remote organ failure. Therapeutic targeting of necroptosis by pharmacological inhibitors, such as necrostatin-1, shows variable effects in different disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojun Shi
- Department of SurgeryErasmus MC ‐ University Medical CenterRotterdamthe Netherlands
| | | | - Laura Mezzanotte
- Department of RadiologyErasmus MC ‐ University Medical CenterRotterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Jeroen de Jonge
- Department of SurgeryErasmus MC ‐ University Medical CenterRotterdamthe Netherlands
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TNF α-Mediated Necroptosis Aggravates Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in the Fatty Liver by Regulating the Inflammatory Response. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:2301903. [PMID: 31214277 PMCID: PMC6535887 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2301903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is more sensitive to ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI), while there are no effective methods to alleviate IRI. Necroptosis, also known as “programmed necrosis,” incorporates features of necrosis and apoptosis. However, the role of necroptosis in IRI of the fatty liver remains largely unexplored. In the present study, we aimed to assess whether necroptosis was activated in the fatty liver and whether such activation accelerated IRI in the fatty liver. In this study, we found that the liver IRI was enhanced in HFD-fed mice with more release of TNFα. TNFα and supernatant of macrophages could induce necroptosis of hepatocytes in vitro. Necroptosis was activated in NAFLD, leading to more severe IRI, and such necroptosis could be inhibited by TN3-19.12, the neutralizing monoclonal antibody against TNFα. Pretreatment with Nec-1 and GSK′872, two inhibitors of necroptosis, significantly reduced the liver IRI and ROS production in HFD-fed mice. Moreover, the inhibition of necroptosis could decrease ROS production of hepatocytes in vitro. Inflammatory response was activated during IRI, and necroptosis inhibitors could suppress signaling pathways of inflammation and the soakage of inflammation cells. In conclusion, TNFα-induced necroptosis played an important role during IRI in the fatty liver. Our findings demonstrated that necroptosis might be a potential target to reduce the fatty liver-associated IRI.
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Ni HM, Chao X, Kaseff J, Deng F, Wang S, Shi YH, Li T, Ding WX, Jaeschke H. Receptor-Interacting Serine/Threonine-Protein Kinase 3 (RIPK3)-Mixed Lineage Kinase Domain-Like Protein (MLKL)-Mediated Necroptosis Contributes to Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury of Steatotic Livers. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 189:1363-1374. [PMID: 31026418 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Increased hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in steatotic livers is a major reason for rejecting the use of fatty livers for liver transplantation. Necroptosis is implicated in the pathogenesis of fatty liver diseases. Necroptosis is regulated by three key proteins: receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase (RIPK)-1, RIPK3, and mixed-lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL). Here, we found that marked steatosis of the liver was induced when a Western diet was given in mice; steatosis was associated with the inhibition of hepatic proteasome activities and with increased levels of key necroptosis-related proteins. Mice fed a Western diet had more severe liver injury, as demonstrated by increases in serum alanine aminotransferase and necrotic areas of liver, after IR than did mice fed a control diet. Although hepatic steatosis was not different between Mlkl knockout mice and wild-type mice, Mlkl knockout mice had decreased hepatic neutrophil infiltration and inflammation and were protected from hepatic IR injury, irrespective of diet. Intriguingly, Ripk3 knockout or Ripk3 kinase-dead knock-in mice were protected against IR injury at the late phase but not the early phase, irrespective of diet. Overall, our findings indicate that liver steatosis exacerbates hepatic IR injury via increased MLKL-mediated necroptosis. Targeting MLKL-mediated necroptosis may help to improve outcomes in steatotic liver transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Min Ni
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas.
| | - Xiaojuan Chao
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Joshua Kaseff
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Fengyan Deng
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Shaogui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Ying-Hong Shi
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiangang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Wen-Xing Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Hartmut Jaeschke
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
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Saeed WK, Jun DW, Jang K, Ahn SB, Oh JH, Chae YJ, Lee JS, Kang HT. Mismatched effects of receptor interacting protein kinase-3 on hepatic steatosis and inflammation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:5477-5490. [PMID: 30622377 PMCID: PMC6319133 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i48.5477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To validate the effects of receptor interacting protein kinase-3 (RIP3) deletion in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and to clarify the mechanism of action. METHODS Wild-type (WT) and RIP3 knockout (KO) mice were fed normal chow and high fat (HF) diets for 12 wk. The body weight was assessed once weekly. After 12 wk, the liver and serum samples were extracted. The liver tissue expression levels of RIP3, microsomal triglyceride transfer protein, protein disulfide isomerase, apolipoprotein-B, X-box binding protein-1, sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c, fatty acid synthase, cluster of differentiation-36, diglyceride acyltransferase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 were assessed. Oleic acid treated primary hepatocytes from WT and RIP3KO mice were stained with Nile red. The expression of inflammatory cytokines, including chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL) 1, CXCL2, and TNF-α, in monocytes was evaluated. RESULTS RIP3KO HF diet fed mice showed a significant gain in body weight, and liver weight, liver to body weight ratio, and liver triglycerides were increased in HF diet fed RIP3KO mice compared to HF diet fed WT mice. RIP3KO primary hepatocytes also had increased intracellular fat droplets compared to WT primary hepatocytes after oleic acid treatment. RIP3 overexpression decreased hepatic fat content. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that the expression of very-low-density lipoproteins secretion markers (microsomal triglyceride transfer protein, protein disulfide isomerase, and apolipoprotein-B) was significantly suppressed in RIP3KO mice. The overall NAFLD Activity Score was the same between WT and RIP3KO mice; however, RIP3KO mice had increased fatty change and decreased lobular inflammation compared to WT mice. Inflammatory signals (CXCL1/2, TNF-α, and interleukin-6) increased after lipopolysaccharide and pan-caspase inhibitor (necroptotic condition) treatment in monocytes. Neutrophil chemokines (CXCL1, and CXCL2) were decreased, and TNF-α was increased after RIP3 inhibitor treatment in monocytes. CONCLUSION RIP3 deletion exacerbates steatosis, and partially inhibits inflammation in the HF diet induced NAFLD model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqar Khalid Saeed
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Dae Won Jun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Kiseok Jang
- Department of Pathology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Sang Bong Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon 34824, South Korea
| | - Ju Hee Oh
- Department of Translational Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Yeon Ji Chae
- Department of Translational Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Jai Sun Lee
- Department of Translational Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Tae Kang
- Department of Translational Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, South Korea
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Ye Z, Kong Q, Han J, Deng J, Wu M, Deng H. Circular RNAs are differentially expressed in liver ischemia/reperfusion injury model. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:7397-7405. [PMID: 29775224 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury has high mortality due to the intense inflammatory process occurs in the liver. However, the pathological mechanism underlying I/R injury is still not clear. Recent works showed that circular RNAs play critical roles in many human diseases. In this study, the occurrence of liver I/R injury was validated by an analysis of the blood samples and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining of liver tissues. Total RNA was purified and followed by RNA-seq in the purpose of screening the circRNAs in significant differentially expression, which were validated by quantitative PCR. GO and KEGG analysis were performed to determine the function of these differentially expressed circular RNAs. The circular structure of the circRNA was validated with gel electrophoresis and RNase R treatment. We found that some circular RNAs were differentially expressed in Liver I/R mouse models through bioinformatics analysis. These circular RNAs play roles in biological process, cellular component, and molecular function through GO analysis. Meanwhile, Hippo signaling pathway was found to be correlated with circular RNAs function in I/R models by KEGG analysis. To further validate bioinformatics data, two up-regulated and three down-regulated circular RNAs were confirmed in I/R models. The circularity of these differentially expressed circular RNAs was validated through gel electrophoresis and RNase R treatment. In summary, this work provides new insights into the mechanism underlying pathogenesis of liver I/R injury, providing new and potentially efficient targets against I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Ye
- Department of Emergency, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University. Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinglei Kong
- Department of Emergency, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University. Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Han
- Department of Emergency, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University. Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingyi Deng
- Department of Emergency, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University. Guangzhou, China
| | - Miaolue Wu
- Department of Emergency, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University. Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Deng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University. Guangzhou, China.,GuangDong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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