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Sasaki T, Kawamura M, Okuno C, Lau K, Riel J, Lee MJ, Miller C. Impact of Maternal Mediterranean-Type Diet Adherence on Microbiota Composition and Epigenetic Programming of Offspring. Nutrients 2023; 16:47. [PMID: 38201877 PMCID: PMC10780434 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding how maternal diet affects in utero neonatal gut microbiota and epigenetic regulation may provide insight into disease origins and long-term health. The impact of Mediterranean diet pattern adherence (MDA) on fetal gut microbiome and epigenetic regulation was assessed in 33 pregnant women. Participants completed a validated food frequency questionnaire in each trimester of pregnancy; the alternate Mediterranean diet (aMED) score was applied. Umbilical cord blood, placental tissue, and neonatal meconium were collected from offspring. DNA methylation patterns were probed using the Illumnia EPICarray Methylation Chip in parturients with high versus low MDA. Meconium microbial abundance in the first 24 h after birth was identified using 16s rRNA sequencing and compared among neonates born to mothers with high and low aMED scores. Twenty-one mothers were classified as low MDA and 12 as high MDA. Pasteurellaceae and Bacteroidaceae trended towards greater abundance in the high-MDA group, as well as other short-chain fatty acid-producing species. Several differentially methylated regions varied between groups and overlapped gene regions including NCK2, SNED1, MTERF4, TNXB, HLA-DPB, BAG6, and LMO3. We identified a beneficial effect of adherence to a Mediterranean diet on fetal in utero development. This highlights the importance of dietary counseling for mothers and can be used as a guide for future studies of meconium and immuno-epigenetic modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamlyn Sasaki
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Megan Kawamura
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Chirstyn Okuno
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Kayleen Lau
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Jonathan Riel
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women’s Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96826, USA
| | - Men-Jean Lee
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women’s Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96826, USA
| | - Corrie Miller
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women’s Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96826, USA
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2
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Moroishi Y, Salas LA, Zhou J, Baker ER, Hoen AG, Everson TM, Marsit CJ, Madan J, Gui J, Karagas MR. Umbilical cord blood immune cell profiles in relation to the infant gut microbiome. iScience 2022; 26:105833. [PMID: 36632065 PMCID: PMC9826880 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
During infancy, the interplay between the developing immune system and the microbiome is critical. We examined whether blood immune cell composition at birth in the umbilical cord (inferred by DNA methylation profiling) related to the early infant gut microbiome (assessed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing) among 73 infants in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study. We used generalized estimating equations and controlled for false discovery rate to select microbial taxa associated with immune cells. We found associations between the infant gut microbiome and immune cells, including a positive association between B cells and Enterobacter, a negative association between natural killer cells and Bifidobacterium, and a positive association between granulocytes and Bifidobacterium. Our findings give clues that immune profiles at the time of birth as measured in umbilical cord blood are associated with the development of the gut microbiome in early life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Moroishi
- Department of Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03756, USA,Department of Biomedical Data Science, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03756, USA
| | - Lucas A. Salas
- Department of Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03756, USA
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03756, USA,Department of Biomedical Data Science, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03756, USA
| | - Emily R. Baker
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA
| | - Anne G. Hoen
- Department of Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03756, USA,Department of Biomedical Data Science, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03756, USA
| | - Todd M. Everson
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Carmen J. Marsit
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Juliette Madan
- Department of Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03756, USA,Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA
| | - Jiang Gui
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03756, USA
| | - Margaret R. Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03756, USA,Corresponding author
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3
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Castillo-Ruiz A, Cisternas CD, Sturgeon H, Forger NG. Birth triggers an inflammatory response in the neonatal periphery and brain. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 104:122-136. [PMID: 35661680 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Birth is preceded by inflammation at the fetal/maternal interface. Additionally, the newborn experiences stimuli that under any other circumstance could elicit an immune response. It is unknown, however, whether birth elicits an inflammatory response in the newborn that extends to the brain. Moreover, it is unknown whether birth mode may alter such a response. To study these questions, we first measured corticosterone and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in plasma of mouse offspring at several timepoints spaced closely before and after a vaginal or Cesarean birth. We found highest levels of IL-6 one day before birth and surges in corticosterone and IL-10 just after birth, regardless of birth mode. We next examined the neuroimmune response by measuring cytokine mRNA expression and microglial number and morphology in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and hippocampus around the time of birth. We found a marked increase in TNF-α expression in both brain regions a day after birth, and rapid increases in microglial cell number in the first three days postnatal, with subtle differences by birth mode. To test whether the association between birth and cytokine production or expansion of microglia is causal, we manipulated birth timing. Remarkably, advancing birth by a day advanced the increases in all of the markers tested. Thus, birth triggers an immune response in the body and brain of offspring. Our results may provide a mechanism for effects of birth (e.g., acute changes in cell death and neural activation) previously reported in the newborn brain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carla D Cisternas
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra INIMEC-CONICET-UNC, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Hannah Sturgeon
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA
| | - Nancy G Forger
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA
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4
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Ariyakumar G, Gee S, Das A, Kamdar S, Tribe RM, Gibbons DL. Activation of Lymphocytes in Healthy Neonates Within Hours of Birth. Front Immunol 2022; 13:883933. [PMID: 35711432 PMCID: PMC9195076 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.883933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It is now established that immune maturation occurs along a defined trajectory in the weeks and months after birth, but the immediate changes that occur within immune cells following birth is less clear. In this study, we monitored the immune profile of neonates via analysis of paired samples (n= 28) of cord blood and heel prick blood taken at varying times post term delivery by planned elective caesarean section. This paired approach accounted for the between-subject variability often observed over the first week of life. We identified rapid changes in immune cell populations within hours of birth. Specifically, we observed increased proliferation in effector T cells (but not regulatory T cells) that exhibited an increase in cytokine producing ability and also an increase in the percentage of CD3 T cells over this short time frame. This indicates that the mobilisation of the immune system is immediate post birth, presumably as a response to sudden exposure to the external environment, antigen or stress. Hence, immune development may start to occur more rapidly than previously proposed and as such, to study this trajectory, blood sampling should begin as soon after birth as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaayathri Ariyakumar
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Gee
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Abhishek Das
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shraddha Kamdar
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel M Tribe
- Department of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Deena L Gibbons
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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Why Are Bifidobacteria Important for Infants? Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10020278. [PMID: 35208736 PMCID: PMC8880231 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of Bifidobacterium species in the maternal vaginal and fecal microbiota is arguably an evolutionary trait that allows these organisms to be primary colonizers of the newborn intestinal tract. Their ability to utilize human milk oligosaccharides fosters their establishment as core health-promoting organisms throughout life. A reduction in their abundance in infants has been shown to increase the prevalence of obesity, diabetes, metabolic disorder, and all-cause mortality later in life. Probiotic strains have been developed as supplements for premature babies and to counter some of these ailments as well as to confer a range of health benefits. The ability to modulate the immune response and produce short-chain fatty acids, particularly acetate and butyrate, that strengthen the gut barrier and regulate the gut microbiome, makes Bifidobacterium a core component of a healthy infant through adulthood.
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6
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Wallenborn JT, Vonaesch P. OUP accepted manuscript. Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf) 2022; 10:goac010. [PMID: 35419206 PMCID: PMC8996373 DOI: 10.1093/gastro/goac010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota plays a crucial role in health and changes in its composition are linked with major global human diseases. Fully understanding what shapes the human intestinal microbiota composition and knowing ways of modulating the composition are critical for promotion of life-course health, combating diseases, and reducing global health disparities. We aim to provide a foundation for understanding what shapes the human intestinal microbiota on an individual and global scale, and how interventions could utilize this information to promote life-course health and reduce global health disparities. We briefly review experiences within the first 1,000 days of life and how long-term exposures to environmental elements or geographic specific cultures have lasting impacts on the intestinal microbiota. We also discuss major public health threats linked to the intestinal microbiota, including antimicrobial resistance and disappearing microbial diversity due to globalization. In order to promote global health, we argue that the interplay of the larger ecosystem with intestinal microbiota research should be utilized for future research and urge for global efforts to conserve microbial diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordyn T Wallenborn
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pascale Vonaesch
- Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Bâtiment Biophore Campus UNIL-Sorge, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Corresponding author. Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Tel: +41-21-692-5600;
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Saturio S, Nogacka AM, Alvarado-Jasso GM, Salazar N, de los Reyes-Gavilán CG, Gueimonde M, Arboleya S. Role of Bifidobacteria on Infant Health. Microorganisms 2021; 9:2415. [PMID: 34946017 PMCID: PMC8708449 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9122415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacteria are among the predominant microorganisms during infancy, being a dominant microbial group in the healthy breastfed infant and playing a crucial role in newborns and infant development. Not only the levels of the Bifidobacterium genus but also the profile and quantity of the different bifidobacterial species have been demonstrated to be of relevance to infant health. Although no definitive proof is available on the causal association, reduced levels of bifidobacteria are perhaps the most frequently observed alteration of the intestinal microbiota in infant diseases. Moreover, Bifidobacterium strains have been extensively studied by their probiotic attributes. This review compiles the available information about bifidobacterial composition and function since the beginning of life, describing different perinatal factors affecting them, and their implications on different health alterations in infancy. In addition, this review gathers exhaustive information about pre-clinical and clinical studies with Bifidobacterium strains as probiotics in neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Saturio
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300 Villaviciosa, Spain; (S.S.); (A.M.N.); (G.M.A.-J.); (N.S.); (C.G.d.l.R.-G.)
- Diet, Human Microbiota and Health Group, Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Alicja M. Nogacka
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300 Villaviciosa, Spain; (S.S.); (A.M.N.); (G.M.A.-J.); (N.S.); (C.G.d.l.R.-G.)
- Diet, Human Microbiota and Health Group, Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Guadalupe M. Alvarado-Jasso
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300 Villaviciosa, Spain; (S.S.); (A.M.N.); (G.M.A.-J.); (N.S.); (C.G.d.l.R.-G.)
| | - Nuria Salazar
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300 Villaviciosa, Spain; (S.S.); (A.M.N.); (G.M.A.-J.); (N.S.); (C.G.d.l.R.-G.)
- Diet, Human Microbiota and Health Group, Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Clara G. de los Reyes-Gavilán
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300 Villaviciosa, Spain; (S.S.); (A.M.N.); (G.M.A.-J.); (N.S.); (C.G.d.l.R.-G.)
- Diet, Human Microbiota and Health Group, Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Miguel Gueimonde
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300 Villaviciosa, Spain; (S.S.); (A.M.N.); (G.M.A.-J.); (N.S.); (C.G.d.l.R.-G.)
- Diet, Human Microbiota and Health Group, Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Silvia Arboleya
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300 Villaviciosa, Spain; (S.S.); (A.M.N.); (G.M.A.-J.); (N.S.); (C.G.d.l.R.-G.)
- Diet, Human Microbiota and Health Group, Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
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8
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García-Serna AM, Martín-Orozco E, Hernández-Caselles T, Morales E. Prenatal and Perinatal Environmental Influences Shaping the Neonatal Immune System: A Focus on Asthma and Allergy Origins. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18083962. [PMID: 33918723 PMCID: PMC8069583 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18083962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
It is suggested that programming of the immune system starts before birth and is shaped by environmental influences acting during critical windows of susceptibility for human development. Prenatal and perinatal exposure to physiological, biological, physical, or chemical factors can trigger permanent, irreversible changes to the developing immune system, which may be reflected in cord blood of neonates. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize the evidence on the role of the prenatal and perinatal environment, including season of birth, mode of delivery, exposure to common allergens, a farming environment, pet ownership, and exposure to tobacco smoking and pollutants, in shaping the immune cell populations and cytokines at birth in humans. We also discuss how reported disruptions in the immune system at birth might contribute to the development of asthma and related allergic manifestations later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azahara María García-Serna
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (A.M.G.-S.); (E.M.-O.); (T.H.-C.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology B and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Elena Martín-Orozco
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (A.M.G.-S.); (E.M.-O.); (T.H.-C.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology B and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
- Network of Asthma and Adverse and Allergic Reactions (ARADyAL), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Trinidad Hernández-Caselles
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (A.M.G.-S.); (E.M.-O.); (T.H.-C.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology B and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
- Network of Asthma and Adverse and Allergic Reactions (ARADyAL), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Morales
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (A.M.G.-S.); (E.M.-O.); (T.H.-C.)
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-868883691
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Delivery mode and altered infant growth at 1 year of life in India. Pediatr Res 2021; 90:1251-1257. [PMID: 33654288 PMCID: PMC8671090 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-021-01417-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cesarean section (C-section) delivered infants are more likely to be colonized by opportunistic pathogens, resulting in altered growth. We examined whether C-section (elective/emergency) vs vaginal delivery was associated with altered weight and linear growth at 1 year of life. METHODS A total of 638 mother-infant pairs were included from MAASTHI cohort 2016-2019. Information on delivery mode was obtained from medical records. Based on WHO child growth standards, body mass index-forage z-score (BMI z) and length-for-age z-score (length z) were derived. We ran multivariable linear and Poisson regression models before and after multiple imputation. RESULTS The rate of C-section was 43.4% (26.5%: emergency, 16.9%: elective). Percentage of infant overweight was 14.9%. Compared to vaginal delivery, elective C-section was associated with β = 0.57 (95% CI 0.20, 0.95) higher BMI z. Also infants born by elective C-section had RR = 2.44 (95% CI 1.35, 4.41) higher risk of being overweight; no such association was found for emergency C-section. Also, elective C-section delivery was associated with reduced linear growth at 1 year after multiple imputation (β = -0.38, 95% CI -0.76, -0.01). CONCLUSIONS Elective C-section delivery might contribute to excess weight and also possibly reduced linear growth at 1 year of age in children from low- and middle-income countries. IMPACT Our study, in a low-income setting, suggests that elective, but not emergency, C-section is associated with excess infant BMI z at 1 year of age and elective C (C-section) was also associated with altered linear growth but only in multiple imputation analyses. Elective C-section was associated with a higher risk of being overweight at 1 year of age. Our results indicate that decreasing medically unnecessary elective C-section deliveries may help limit excess weight gain and stunted linear growth among infants.
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Kiilerich P, Cortes R, Lausten-Thomsen U, Borbye-Lorenzen N, Holmgaard S, Skogstrand K. Delivery Modality Affect Neonatal Levels of Inflammation, Stress, and Growth Factors. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:709765. [PMID: 34631615 PMCID: PMC8492985 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.709765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: As part of the study CODIBINE, Correlations and Diagnoses for Biomarkers in New-borns, the main objective of the study was to explore neonatal inflammation, stress, neurodevelopment, and growth factors after in-labor and pre-labor cesarean section compared to vaginal delivery. Increasing evidence has shown that birth delivery mode has an impact on imminent and long-term child health. However, the effect of the timing of cesarean section is insufficiently elucidated. The main objective of the study was to explore the effect of different delivery modes, vaginal delivery compared to cesarean section with or without initiation of labor, on the infants. Methods: We designed a retrospective cohort study, including dried blood spot samples from mature (gestational age ≥ 37) newborns delivered in the years 2009-2011. The newborns were divided into three groups after delivery mode: (1) pre-labor cesarean section (n = 714), i.e., cesarean delivery without initiation of labor, (2) in-labor cesarean section (n = 655), i.e., cesarean section after initiation of labor, and (3) vaginal delivery (n = 5,897). We measured infant levels of inflammatory (IL-18, MCP-1, CRP, sTNF RI), stress (HSP-70), growth (EGF, VEGF-A), and neurotrophic factors (BDNF, NT-3, S100B) 2-4 days after birth. Results: The neonatal levels of inflammatory and stress markers were significantly lower, while the levels of growth factors were higher after pre-labor cesarean section compared to vaginal delivery. The biomarker levels were similar after in-labor cesarean section and vaginal delivery. Removing cases with pre-labor rupture of membranes and artificial rupture of membranes in the calculations did not change the results. The levels of neurotrophic factors were unaffected by delivery form. Males had generally higher levels of inflammation and lower levels of growth and neurotrophic factors. Overall, the levels of inflammatory markers increased, and the growth factors decreased with increasing gestational age. Conclusion: The present study of the biomarker levels after birth suggests that the labor process has an important effect on the fetal immune system and level of stress, regardless if the delivery ends with cesarean section or vaginal birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Kiilerich
- Department for Congenital Disorders, Danish Center for Neonatal Screening, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikke Cortes
- Department for Congenital Disorders, Danish Center for Neonatal Screening, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulrik Lausten-Thomsen
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nis Borbye-Lorenzen
- Department for Congenital Disorders, Danish Center for Neonatal Screening, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Solveig Holmgaard
- Department for Congenital Disorders, Danish Center for Neonatal Screening, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristin Skogstrand
- Department for Congenital Disorders, Danish Center for Neonatal Screening, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
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11
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Liu Y, Li W, Qian J, Wu M, Du H, Xu L, Liu S, Yi J, He G. Serum phytosterols associate with T helper 1 cytokine concentration in pregnant women. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:3893-3899. [PMID: 32724650 PMCID: PMC7382156 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The dietary phytosterols have been demonstrated to modulate CD4+ T-cell polarization in cells, animals, and humans. However, T helper (Th)1/Th2 dichotomy has rarely been correlated with phytosterols during pregnancy. The present study investigated associations between the serum cytokines and serum phytosterols in 100 pregnant women at 34- to 37-week gestation and their offspring. The results showed that serum concentrations of interferon (IFN)-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and total Th1 cytokines were positively associated with serum β-sitosterol level, adjusting for age, BMI, and serum cholesterol. Serum IFN-γ and total Th1 cytokine concentrations positively correlated with total phytosterol concentration, controlling age, BMI, and serum cholesterol. Moreover, none of the cytokines measured correlated with phytosterol concentration in the newborns. Our results show that serum Th1 cytokine concentrations, but not Th2 levels, are positively associated with serum phytosterols in pregnant women. These findings implicate that phytosterols modulate Th1/Th2 balance by inducing Th1 secretions in pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Liu
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of EducationFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wenyun Li
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of EducationFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jiaye Qian
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of EducationFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Min Wu
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of EducationFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Hongyi Du
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of EducationFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institute of Reproductive and Child HealthSchool of Public HealthPeking University Health Science CenterBeijingChina
| | - Linji Xu
- Maternal and Child Health Care HospitalTangshan MunicipalityTangshanChina
| | - Shuping Liu
- Maternal and Child Health Care HospitalTangshan MunicipalityTangshanChina
| | - Jianping Yi
- Maternal and Child Health Care HospitalTangshan MunicipalityTangshanChina
| | - Gengsheng He
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of EducationFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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12
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Aparicio M, Alba C, Rodríguez JM, Fernández L. Microbiological and Immunological Markers in Milk and Infant Feces for Common Gastrointestinal Disorders: A Pilot Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:E634. [PMID: 32121004 PMCID: PMC7146151 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this pilot study was to assess the fecal microbiome and different immunological parameters in infant feces and maternal milk from mother-infant pairs in which the infants were suffering from different gastrointestinal disorders (colic, non-IgE-mediated cow milk protein allergy (CMPA), and proctocolitis). A cohort of 30 mother-infant pairs, in which the infants were diagnosed with these gastrointestinal disorders or included as healthy controls, were recruited. Bacterial composition of infant feces and breast milk was determined by metataxonomic sequencing. Immunological compounds were quantified using multiplexed immunoassays. A higher abundance of Eggerthellaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Peptostreptococcaceae, and lower abundance of Bifidobacterium and higher abundance of Rothia were registered in fecal samples from the CMPA group. Eggerthellaceae was also significantly more abundant in milk samples of the CMPA group. There were no differences in the concentration of immunological compounds in infant fecal samples between the four groups. In contrast, differences were found in the concentration and/or frequency of compounds related to acquired immunity and granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF) in breast milk samples. In conclusion, a few microbial signatures in feces may explain part of the difference between CMPA and other infants. In addition, some milk immunological signatures have been uncovered among the different conditions addressed in this pilot study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Aparicio
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.); (J.M.R.)
| | - Claudio Alba
- Department of Galenic Pharmacy and Food Technology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | | | - Juan Miguel Rodríguez
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.); (J.M.R.)
| | - Leonides Fernández
- Department of Galenic Pharmacy and Food Technology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
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13
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Shi W, Zhang P. Effect of dexmedetomidine combined with lumbar anesthesia on Th1/Th2 in maternal patients and neonates undergoing caesarean section. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:1426-1432. [PMID: 31316629 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The selection of anesthetic method and drugs is of utmost importance for patients undergoing caesarean section. The application of anesthetic drugs may affect the immune system of the maternal patient and neonate. Therefore, the present study aimed to analyze the effect of dexmedetomidine combined with lumbar anesthesia on type 1 T-helper cells (Th1) and Th2 cytokines in mothers and their neonates undergoing caesarean section. A total of 60 females with full-term pregnancies and an American Society of Anesthesiologists grade I or II who received caesarean section were selected and equally divided in a randomized manner into a control group receiving lumbar epidural anesthesia and a combination group treated by dexmedetomidine combined with lumbar epidural anesthesia. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score, adverse reactions, traction response and the neonates' Apgar score were compared between the two groups. The levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-4 and IL-10 in the blood of mothers and neonates were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and ELISA. The results indicated no statistically significant difference in the Apgar score between the two groups. The VAS scores, adverse reactions, reduced traction response, as well as IL-2 and TNF-α expression, in the mothers of the combination group were significantly decreased, while IL-4 and IL-10 were obviously elevated compared with those in the controls (P<0.05). Furthermore, IL-2 and TNF-α levels were markedly declined, whereas IL-4 and IL-10 expression was apparently enhanced in the neonates from the combination group compared with those in the control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, dexmedetomidine in addition to lumbar epidural anesthesia reduces the VAS score, adverse reactions and traction response, and promotes the conversion of Th1 cytokines to Th2 cytokines in mothers/nonates after caesarean section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentian Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
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