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Teppan J, Schwanzer J, Rittchen S, Bärnthaler T, Lindemann J, Nayak B, Reiter B, Luschnig P, Farzi A, Heinemann A, Sturm E. The disrupted molecular circadian clock of monocytes and macrophages in allergic inflammation. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1408772. [PMID: 38863703 PMCID: PMC11165079 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1408772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Macrophage dysfunction is a common feature of inflammatory disorders such as asthma, which is characterized by a strong circadian rhythm. Methods and results We monitored the protein expression pattern of the molecular circadian clock in human peripheral blood monocytes from healthy, allergic, and asthmatic donors during a whole day. Monocytes cultured of these donors allowed us to examine circadian protein expression in human monocyte-derived macrophages, M1- and M2- polarized macrophages. In monocytes, particularly from allergic asthmatics, the oscillating expression of circadian proteins CLOCK, BMAL, REV ERBs, and RORs was significantly altered. Similar changes in BMAL1 were observed in polarized macrophages from allergic donors and in tissue-resident macrophages from activated precision cut lung slices. We confirmed clock modulating, anti-inflammatory, and lung-protective properties of the inverse ROR agonist SR1001 by reduced secretion of macrophage inflammatory protein and increase in phagocytosis. Using a house dust mite model, we verified the therapeutic effect of SR1001 in vivo. Discussion Overall, our data suggest an interaction between the molecular circadian clock and monocytes/macrophages effector function in inflammatory lung diseases. The use of SR1001 leads to inflammatory resolution in vitro and in vivo and represents a promising clock-based therapeutic approach for chronic pulmonary diseases such as asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Teppan
- Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Juliana Schwanzer
- Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sonja Rittchen
- Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Immunology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Bärnthaler
- Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jörg Lindemann
- Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic and Hyperbaric Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Barsha Nayak
- Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Bernhard Reiter
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Physiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Petra Luschnig
- Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Aitak Farzi
- Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Akos Heinemann
- Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Eva Sturm
- Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Knauf S, Hisgen L, Ågren EO, Barlow AM, Faehndrich M, Voigt U, Fischer L, Grillová L, Hallmaier-Wacker LK, Kik MJL, Klink JC, Křenová J, Lavazza A, Lüert S, Nováková M, Čejková D, Pacioni C, Trogu T, Šmajs D, Roos C. High prevalence and genetic diversity of Treponema paraluisleporidarum isolates in European lagomorphs. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0177423. [PMID: 38095473 PMCID: PMC10783078 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01774-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Syphilis is an ancient disease of humans and lagomorphs caused by two distinct but genetically closely related bacteria (>98% sequence identity based on the whole genome) of the genus Treponema. While human syphilis is well studied, little is known about the disease in the lagomorph host. Yet, comparative studies are needed to understand mechanisms in host-pathogen coevolution in treponematoses. Importantly, Treponema paraluisleporidarum-infected hare populations provide ample opportunity to study the syphilis-causing pathogen in a naturally infected model population without antibiotic treatment, data that cannot be obtained from syphilis infection in humans. We provide data on genetic diversity and are able to highlight various types of repetitions in one of the two hypervariable regions at the tp0548 locus that have not been described in the human syphilis-causing sister bacterium Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Knauf
- Institute of International Animal Health/One Health, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald, Germany
- Infection Biology Unit, Deutsches Primatenzentrum GmbH, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
- Professorship for International Animal Health/One Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Linda Hisgen
- Institute of International Animal Health/One Health, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald, Germany
- Infection Biology Unit, Deutsches Primatenzentrum GmbH, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Erik O. Ågren
- Department of Pathology and Wildlife Diseases, National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alexander M. Barlow
- Wildlife Network for Disease Surveillance, Bristol Veterinary School, Langford, Somerset, United Kingdom
| | - Marcus Faehndrich
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover, Foundation, Hanover, Germany
| | - Ulrich Voigt
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover, Foundation, Hanover, Germany
| | - Luisa Fischer
- Wildlife Research Institute, State Agency for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection North Rhine-Westphalia, Bonn, Germany
| | - Linda Grillová
- Department of Biology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Luisa K. Hallmaier-Wacker
- Infection Biology Unit, Deutsches Primatenzentrum GmbH, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marja J. L. Kik
- Pathology Division, Department of Biomedical Health Sciences, Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jana C. Klink
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover, Foundation, Hanover, Germany
| | - Jitka Křenová
- Department of Biology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Antonio Lavazza
- Department of Animal Health and Welfare – Virology Unit, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna, Brescia, Italy
| | - Simone Lüert
- Institute of International Animal Health/One Health, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald, Germany
- Infection Biology Unit, Deutsches Primatenzentrum GmbH, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Darina Čejková
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czechia
| | - Carlo Pacioni
- Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
- Environmental and Conservation Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia
| | - Tiziana Trogu
- Department of Animal Health and Welfare – Virology Unit, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna, Brescia, Italy
| | - David Šmajs
- Department of Biology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Christian Roos
- Primate Genetics Laboratory, Deutsches Primatenzentrum GmbH, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
- Gene Bank of Primates, Deutsches Primatenzentrum GmbH, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
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3
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Bachert C, Laidlaw TM, Cho SH, Mullol J, Swanson BN, Naimi S, Classe M, Harel S, Jagerschmidt A, Laws E, Ruddy M, Praestgaard A, Amin N, Mannent LP. Effect of Dupilumab on Type 2 Biomarkers in Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps: SINUS-52 Study Results. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2023; 132:1649-1661. [PMID: 37322842 PMCID: PMC10571440 DOI: 10.1177/00034894231176334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), asthma, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-exacerbated respiratory disease (NSAID-ERD) are frequent coexisting conditions and share type 2 inflammatory pathophysiology, with interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 as key cytokines. Dupilumab is a monoclonal antibody that blocks the shared receptor for IL-4 and IL-13. The objective of this analysis was to evaluate dupilumab's effect on type 2 inflammation biomarkers in patients with CRSwNP with/without coexisting asthma or NSAID-ERD from the SINUS-52 (NCT02898454) study. METHODS Patients received treatment with dupilumab or placebo for 52 weeks. Blood and urinary biomarkers were evaluated through 52 weeks, and nasal secretions and mucosa brushings through 24 weeks. RESULTS Of 447 patients, 60% had coexisting asthma and 27% had coexisting NSAID-ERD. At baseline, blood eotaxin-3, eosinophils, and periostin, nasal secretion eotaxin-3, and urinary leukotriene E4 were significantly higher in patients with coexisting NSAID-ERD than without. Dupilumab reduced eotaxin-3, thymus and activation-regulated chemokine, periostin, and total immunoglobulin E in blood, eotaxin-3, periostin, IL-5, and eosinophil cationic protein in nasal secretions, and leukotriene E4 in urine. Reductions were generally similar or greater in the subgroups with asthma and NSAID-ERD than without. Dupilumab also reduced MUC5AC and mast cell counts in nasal mucosa brushings. CONCLUSION Dupilumab reduced local and systemic type 2 inflammatory biomarkers in patients with CRSwNP, including mast cells in nasal mucosa and cysteinyl leukotrienes in urine. These findings provide insight into the processes driving CRSwNP and the mechanisms of dupilumab's therapeutic effects. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY NAME SINUS-52 https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02898454. CLINICALTRIALS.GOV IDENTIFIER NCT02898454.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claus Bachert
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology — Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
- First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, International Airway Research Center, Guangzhou, China
- Upper Airways Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tanya M. Laidlaw
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Seong H. Cho
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Joaquim Mullol
- Rhinology Unit & Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, CIBERES, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Brian N. Swanson
- College of Life Sciences, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Research and Development, Sanofi, Bridgewater, NJ, USA
| | - Souad Naimi
- Molecular and Digital Histopathology, Sanofi, Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Marion Classe
- Pathology Department, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Translational Sciences, Sanofi, Chilly-Mazarin, France
| | - Sivan Harel
- Clinical Sciences Global Development, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth Laws
- Immunology and Inflammation Global Development, Sanofi, Bridgewater, NJ, USA
| | - Marcella Ruddy
- Clinical Sciences Global Development, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | | | - Nikhil Amin
- Clinical Sciences Global Development, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
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Liu Y, Wu P, Wang Y, Liu Y, Yang H, Zhou G, Wu X, Wen Q. Application of Precision-Cut Lung Slices as an In Vitro Model for Research of Inflammatory Respiratory Diseases. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:bioengineering9120767. [PMID: 36550973 PMCID: PMC9774555 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9120767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The leading cause of many respiratory diseases is an ongoing and progressive inflammatory response. Traditionally, inflammatory lung diseases were studied primarily through animal models, cell cultures, and organoids. These technologies have certain limitations, despite their great contributions to the study of respiratory diseases. Precision-cut lung slices (PCLS) are thin, uniform tissue slices made from human or animal lung tissue and are widely used extensively both nationally and internationally as an in vitro organotypic model. Human lung slices bridge the gap between in vivo and in vitro models, and they can replicate the living lung environment well while preserving the lungs' basic structures, such as their primitive cells and trachea. However, there is no perfect model that can completely replace the structure of the human lung, and there is still a long way to go in the research of lung slice technology. This review details and analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of precision lung slices as an in vitro model for exploring respiratory diseases associated with inflammation, as well as recent advances in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Anesthesiology Department, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, China
| | - Ping Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116014, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Anesthesiology Department, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, China
| | - Yansong Liu
- Anesthesiology Department, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, China
| | - Hongfang Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Dalian University Affiliated Xinhua Hospital, Dalian 116021, China
| | | | - Xiaoqi Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116014, China
| | - Qingping Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116014, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-180-9887-7988
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Langwiński W, Szczepankiewicz D, Narożna B, Stegmayr J, Wagner D, Alsafadi H, Lindstedt S, Stachowiak Z, Nowakowska J, Skrzypski M, Szczepankiewicz A. Allergic inflammation in lungs and nasal epithelium of rat model is regulated by tissue-specific miRNA expression. Mol Immunol 2022; 147:115-125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2022.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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6
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Runft S, Färber I, Krüger J, Krüger N, Armando F, Rocha C, Pöhlmann S, Burigk L, Leitzen E, Ciurkiewicz M, Braun A, Schneider D, Baumgärtner L, Freisleben B, Baumgärtner W. Alternatives to animal models and their application in the discovery of species susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory infectious pathogens: A review. Vet Pathol 2022; 59:565-577. [PMID: 35130766 DOI: 10.1177/03009858211073678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) inspired rapid research efforts targeting the host range, pathogenesis and transmission mechanisms, and the development of antiviral strategies. Genetically modified mice, rhesus macaques, ferrets, and Syrian golden hamsters have been frequently used in studies of pathogenesis and efficacy of antiviral compounds and vaccines. However, alternatives to in vivo experiments, such as immortalized cell lines, primary respiratory epithelial cells cultured at an air-liquid interface, stem/progenitor cell-derived organoids, or tissue explants, have also been used for isolation of SARS-CoV-2, investigation of cytopathic effects, and pathogen-host interactions. Moreover, initial proof-of-concept studies for testing therapeutic agents can be performed with these tools, showing that animal-sparing cell culture methods could significantly reduce the need for animal models in the future, following the 3R principles of replace, reduce, and refine. So far, only few studies using animal-derived primary cells or tissues have been conducted in SARS-CoV-2 research, although natural infection has been shown to occur in several animal species. Therefore, the need for in-depth investigations on possible interspecies transmission routes and differences in susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 is urgent. This review gives an overview of studies employing alternative culture systems like primary cell cultures, tissue explants, or organoids for investigations of the pathophysiology and reverse zoonotic potential of SARS-CoV-2 in animals. In addition, future possibilities of SARS-CoV-2 research in animals, including previously neglected methods like the use of precision-cut lung slices, will be outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Runft
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Iris Färber
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Johannes Krüger
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nadine Krüger
- German Primate Center-Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Federico Armando
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Cheila Rocha
- German Primate Center-Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Pöhlmann
- German Primate Center-Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Laura Burigk
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Eva Leitzen
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Armin Braun
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany
- Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Smirnova OE, Blazhevich LE, Kirilina VM. Research of the Expression of Receptors to IL-4, IL-4R Genes and the Role of IL-4 in the Contraction of Bronches of Rats with Ovalbumin-Induced Bronchial Asthma. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093022010215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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Preuß EB, Schubert S, Werlein C, Stark H, Braubach P, Höfer A, Plucinski EKJ, Shah HR, Geffers R, Sewald K, Braun A, Jonigk DD, Kühnel MP. The Challenge of Long-Term Cultivation of Human Precision-Cut Lung Slices. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 192:239-253. [PMID: 34767811 PMCID: PMC8891143 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Human precision-cut lung slices (PCLS) have proven to be an invaluable tool for numerous toxicologic, pharmacologic, and immunologic studies. Although a cultivation period of <1 week is sufficient for most studies, modeling of complex disease mechanisms and investigating effects of long-term exposure to certain substances require cultivation periods that are much longer. So far, data regarding tissue integrity of long-term cultivated PCLS are incomplete. More than 1500 human PCLS from 16 different donors were cultivated under standardized, serum-free conditions for up to 28 days and the viability, tissue integrity, and the transcriptome was assessed in great detail. Even though viability of PCLS was well preserved during long-term cultivation, a continuous loss of cells was observed. Although the bronchial epithelium was well preserved throughout cultivation, the alveolar integrity was preserved for about 2 weeks, and the vasculatory system experienced significant loss of integrity within the first week. Furthermore, ciliary beat in the small airways gradually decreased after 1 week. Interestingly, keratinizing squamous metaplasia of the alveolar epithelium with significantly increasing manifestation were found over time. Transcriptome analysis revealed a significantly increased immune response and significantly decreased metabolic activity within the first 24 hours after PCLS generation. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive overview of histomorphologic and pathologic changes during long-term cultivation of PCLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eike B Preuß
- Institute of Pathology, Lung Research Group, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Stephanie Schubert
- Institute of Pathology, Lung Research Group, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christopher Werlein
- Institute of Pathology, Lung Research Group, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Helge Stark
- Institute of Pathology, Lung Research Group, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Peter Braubach
- Institute of Pathology, Lung Research Group, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anne Höfer
- Institute of Pathology, Lung Research Group, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Edith K J Plucinski
- Institute of Pathology, Lung Research Group, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Harshit R Shah
- Institute of Pathology, Lung Research Group, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Robert Geffers
- Genome Analytics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Katherina Sewald
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Armin Braun
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Danny D Jonigk
- Institute of Pathology, Lung Research Group, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mark P Kühnel
- Institute of Pathology, Lung Research Group, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Rittchen S, Jandl K, Lanz I, Reiter B, Ferreirós N, Kratz D, Lindenmann J, Brcic L, Bärnthaler T, Atallah R, Olschewski H, Sturm EM, Heinemann A. Monocytes and Macrophages Serve as Potent Prostaglandin D 2 Sources during Acute, Non-Allergic Pulmonary Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111697. [PMID: 34769126 PMCID: PMC8584273 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory inflammation, most commonly resulting from bacterial or viral infection, is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. The inflammatory lipid mediator prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) and its rate-limiting enzyme, hematopoietic PGD synthase (hPGDS), are well-known drivers of allergic pulmonary inflammation. Here, we sought to investigate the source and role of hPGDS-derived PGD2 in acute pulmonary inflammation. Murine bronchoalveolar monocytes/macrophages from LPS- but not OVA-induced lung inflammation released significant amounts of PGD2. Accordingly, human monocyte-derived macrophages expressed high basal levels of hPGDS and released significant levels of PGD2 after LPS/IFN-γ, but not IL-4 stimulation. Human peripheral blood monocytes secreted significantly more PGD2 than monocyte-derived macrophages. Using human precision-cut lung slices (PCLS), we observed that LPS/IFN-γ but not IL-4/IL-13 drive PGD2 production in the lung. HPGDS inhibition prevented LPS-induced PGD2 release by human monocyte-derived macrophages and PCLS. As a result of hPGDS inhibition, less TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 could be determined in PCLS-conditioned medium. Collectively, this dataset reflects the time-dependent release of PGD2 by human phagocytes, highlights the importance of monocytes and macrophages as PGD2 sources and suggests that hPGDS inhibition might be a potential therapeutic option for acute, non-allergic lung inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Rittchen
- Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.R.); (K.J.); (I.L.); (B.R.); (T.B.); (R.A.); (E.M.S.)
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Katharina Jandl
- Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.R.); (K.J.); (I.L.); (B.R.); (T.B.); (R.A.); (E.M.S.)
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Ilse Lanz
- Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.R.); (K.J.); (I.L.); (B.R.); (T.B.); (R.A.); (E.M.S.)
| | - Bernhard Reiter
- Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.R.); (K.J.); (I.L.); (B.R.); (T.B.); (R.A.); (E.M.S.)
| | - Nerea Ferreirós
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (N.F.); (D.K.)
| | - Daniel Kratz
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (N.F.); (D.K.)
| | - Jörg Lindenmann
- Department of Surgery, Divison of Thoracic and Hyperbaric Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Luka Brcic
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Thomas Bärnthaler
- Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.R.); (K.J.); (I.L.); (B.R.); (T.B.); (R.A.); (E.M.S.)
| | - Reham Atallah
- Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.R.); (K.J.); (I.L.); (B.R.); (T.B.); (R.A.); (E.M.S.)
| | - Horst Olschewski
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, 8010 Graz, Austria;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Eva M. Sturm
- Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.R.); (K.J.); (I.L.); (B.R.); (T.B.); (R.A.); (E.M.S.)
| | - Akos Heinemann
- Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.R.); (K.J.); (I.L.); (B.R.); (T.B.); (R.A.); (E.M.S.)
- BioTechMed, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-316-385-74112
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Selo MA, Sake JA, Kim KJ, Ehrhardt C. In vitro and ex vivo models in inhalation biopharmaceutical research - advances, challenges and future perspectives. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 177:113862. [PMID: 34256080 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oral inhalation results in pulmonary drug targeting and thereby reduces systemic side effects, making it the preferred means of drug delivery for the treatment of respiratory disorders such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or cystic fibrosis. In addition, the high alveolar surface area, relatively low enzymatic activity and rich blood supply of the distal airspaces offer a promising pathway to the systemic circulation. This is particularly advantageous when a rapid onset of pharmacological action is desired or when the drug is suffering from stability issues or poor biopharmaceutical performance following oral administration. Several cell and tissue-based in vitro and ex vivo models have been developed over the years, with the intention to realistically mimic pulmonary biological barriers. It is the aim of this review to critically discuss the available models regarding their advantages and limitations and to elaborate further which biopharmaceutical questions can and cannot be answered using the existing models.
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11
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Niehof M, Reamon-Buettner SM, Danov O, Hansen T, Sewald K. A modified protocol for successful miRNA profiling in human precision-cut lung slices (PCLS). BMC Res Notes 2021; 14:255. [PMID: 34215333 PMCID: PMC8252208 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-021-05674-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Human precision cut lung slices (PCLS) are widely used as an ex vivo model system for drug discovery and development of new therapies. PCLS reflect the functional heterogeneity of lung tissue and possess relevant lung cell types. We thus determined the use of PCLS in studying non-coding RNAs notably miRNAs, which are important gene regulatory molecules. Since miRNAs play key role as mediators of respiratory diseases, they can serve as valuable prognostic or diagnostic biomarkers, and in therapeutic interventions, of lung diseases. A technical limitation though is the vast amount of agarose in PCLS which impedes (mi)RNA extraction by standard procedures. Here we modified our recently published protocol for RNA isolation from PCLS to enable miRNA readouts. Results The modified method relies on the separation of lysis and precipitation steps, and a clean-up procedure with specific magnetic beads. We obtained successfully quality miRNA amenable for downstream applications such as RTqPCR and whole transcriptome miRNA analysis. Comparison of miRNA profiles in PCLS with published data from human lung, identified all important miRNAs regulated in IPF, COPD, asthma or lung cancer. Therefore, this shows suitability of the method for analyzing miRNA targets and biomarkers in the valuable human PCLS model. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13104-021-05674-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Niehof
- Department of Preclinical Pharmacology and In Vitro Toxicology, Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Nikolai-Fuchs-Str. 1, Hannover, 30625, Germany.
| | - Stella Marie Reamon-Buettner
- Department of Preclinical Pharmacology and In Vitro Toxicology, Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Nikolai-Fuchs-Str. 1, Hannover, 30625, Germany
| | - Olga Danov
- Department of Preclinical Pharmacology and In Vitro Toxicology, Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Nikolai-Fuchs-Str. 1, Hannover, 30625, Germany
| | - Tanja Hansen
- Department of Preclinical Pharmacology and In Vitro Toxicology, Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Nikolai-Fuchs-Str. 1, Hannover, 30625, Germany
| | - Katherina Sewald
- Department of Preclinical Pharmacology and In Vitro Toxicology, Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Nikolai-Fuchs-Str. 1, Hannover, 30625, Germany
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12
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Wronski S, Beinke S, Obernolte H, Belyaev NN, Saunders KA, Lennon MG, Schaudien D, Braubach P, Jonigk D, Warnecke G, Zardo P, Fieguth HG, Wilkens L, Braun A, Hessel EM, Sewald K. Rhinovirus-induced Human Lung Tissue Responses Mimic COPD and Asthma Gene Signatures. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2021; 65:544-554. [PMID: 34181859 PMCID: PMC8641849 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0337oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Human rhinovirus (RV) is a major risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma exacerbations. The exploration of RV pathogenesis has been hampered by a lack of disease-relevant model systems. We performed a detailed characterization of host responses to RV infection in human lung tissue ex vivo and investigated whether these responses are disease relevant for patients with COPD and asthma. In addition, impact of the viral replication inhibitor rupintrivir was evaluated. Human precision-cut lung slices (PCLS) were infected with RV1B with or without rupintrivir. At Days 1 and 3 after infection, RV tissue localization, tissue viability, and viral load were determined. To characterize host responses to infection, mediator and whole genome analyses were performed. RV successfully replicated in PCLS airway epithelial cells and induced both antiviral and proinflammatory cytokines such as IFNα2a, CXCL10, CXCL11, IFN-γ, TNFα, and CCL5. Genomic analyses revealed that RV not only induced antiviral immune responses but also triggered changes in epithelial cell–associated pathways. Strikingly, the RV response in PCLS was reflective of gene expression changes described in patients with COPD and asthma. Although RV-induced host immune responses were abrogated by rupintrivir, RV-triggered epithelial processes were largely refractory to antiviral treatment. Detailed analysis of RV-infected human PCLS and comparison with gene signatures of patients with COPD and asthma revealed that the human RV PCLS model represents disease-relevant biological mechanisms that can be partially inhibited by a well-known antiviral compound and provide an outstanding opportunity to evaluate novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Wronski
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Member of Fraunhofer international Consortium for Anti-Infective Research (iCAIR), Member of Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Hannover, Germany.,Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Hannover, Germany;
| | - Soren Beinke
- Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Helena Obernolte
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Member of Fraunhofer international Consortium for Anti-Infective Research (iCAIR), Member of Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Hannover, Germany.,Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Nikolai N Belyaev
- Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Ken A Saunders
- Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Mark G Lennon
- Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Dirk Schaudien
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Member of Fraunhofer international Consortium for Anti-Infective Research (iCAIR), Member of Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Hannover, Germany.,Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Dsease (BREATH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Peter Braubach
- Hannover Medical School, 9177, Department of Pathology, Hannover, Germany.,Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Danny Jonigk
- Hannover Medical School, 9177, Department of Pathology, Hannover, Niedersachsen, Germany.,Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Gregor Warnecke
- Hannover Medical School, 9177, Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover, Germany.,Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Patrick Zardo
- Hannover Medical School, 9177, Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | - Armin Braun
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Member of Fraunhofer international Consortium for Anti-Infective Research (iCAIR), Member of Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Hannover, Germany.,Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Edith M Hessel
- Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Katherina Sewald
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Member of Fraunhofer international Consortium for Anti-Infective Research (iCAIR), Member of Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Hannover, Germany.,Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Hannover, Germany
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13
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Barron SL, Saez J, Owens RM. In Vitro Models for Studying Respiratory Host-Pathogen Interactions. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2021; 5:e2000624. [PMID: 33943040 PMCID: PMC8212094 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202000624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory diseases and lower respiratory tract infections are among the leading cause of death worldwide and, especially given the recent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 pandemic, are of high and prevalent socio-economic importance. In vitro models, which accurately represent the lung microenvironment, are of increasing significance given the ethical concerns around animal work and the lack of translation to human disease, as well as the lengthy time to market and the attrition rates associated with clinical trials. This review gives an overview of the biological and immunological components involved in regulating the respiratory epithelium system in health, disease, and infection. The evolution from 2D to 3D cell biology and to more advanced technological integrated models for studying respiratory host-pathogen interactions are reviewed and provide a reference point for understanding the in vitro modeling requirements. Finally, the current limitations and future perspectives for advancing this field are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L. Barron
- Bioassay Impurities and QualityBiopharmaceuticals DevelopmentR&DAstraZenecaCambridgeCB21 6GPUK
- Department of Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyPhilippa Fawcett DriveCambridgeCB3 0ASUK
| | - Janire Saez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyPhilippa Fawcett DriveCambridgeCB3 0ASUK
| | - Róisín M. Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyPhilippa Fawcett DriveCambridgeCB3 0ASUK
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14
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Cidem A, Bradbury P, Traini D, Ong HX. Modifying and Integrating in vitro and ex vivo Respiratory Models for Inhalation Drug Screening. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:581995. [PMID: 33195144 PMCID: PMC7644812 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.581995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
For the past 50 years, the route of inhalation has been utilized to administer therapies to treat a variety of respiratory and pulmonary diseases. When compared with other drug administration routes, inhalation offers a targeted, non-invasive approach to deliver rapid onset of drug action to the lung, minimizing systemic drug exposure and subsequent side effects. However, despite advances in inhaled therapies, there is still a need to improve the preclinical screening and the efficacy of inhaled therapeutics. Innovative in vitro models of respiratory physiology to determine therapeutic efficacy of inhaled compounds have included the use of organoids, micro-engineered lung-on-chip systems and sophisticated bench-top platforms to enable a better understanding of pulmonary mechanisms at the molecular level, rapidly progressing inhaled therapeutic candidates to the clinic. Furthermore, the integration of complementary ex vivo models, such as precision-cut lung slices (PCLS) and isolated perfused lung platforms have further advanced preclinical drug screening approaches by providing in vivo relevance. In this review, we address the challenges and advances of in vitro models and discuss the implementation of ex vivo inhaled drug screening models. Specifically, we address the importance of understanding human in vivo pulmonary mechanisms in assessing strategies of the preclinical screening of drug efficacy, toxicity and delivery of inhaled therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aylin Cidem
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Peta Bradbury
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniela Traini
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hui Xin Ong
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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15
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Langwinski W, Sobkowiak P, Narozna B, Wojsyk-Banaszak I, Dmitrzak-Węglarz M, Stachowiak Z, Nowakowska J, Bręborowicz A, Szczepankiewicz A. Association of circadian clock TIMELESS variants and expression with asthma risk in children. CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2020; 14:1191-1200. [PMID: 32790948 DOI: 10.1111/crj.13260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bronchial asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by airway inflammation, allergen-induced hypersensitivity and dyspnea. Most asthmatic patients demonstrate oscillations of disease symptoms within 24 hours regulated by circadian clock genes. We hypothesized that these genes may be regulators of childhood asthma risk. OBJECTIVES The aim was to investigate whether single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the circadian clock genes are associated with childhood asthma risk. We also aimed to analyze the mRNA level of clock genes in the blood of asthmatic children and NHBE cells stimulated with IL-13. MATERIALS AND METHODS Peripheral blood was collected from 165 asthmatic and 138 healthy Polish children. NHBE cells were culture at the air-liquid interface (ALI) with IL-13 as an in vitro model of allergic inflammation. Using TaqMan probes, we genotyped 32 SNPs in: CLOCK, BMAL1, PER3 and TIMELESS. Expression analysis for TIMELESS was performed using real-time PCR with SYBR Green. For haplotype and genotype statistical analysis we used Haploview 4.2 and STATISTICA version 12, respectively. Gene expression analysis was performed in DataAssist v3.01. RESULTS We found that three polymorphisms in TIMELESS (rs2291739, rs10876890, rs11171856) and two haplotypes (TTTT and CTAC) were associated with asthma risk. We also found significantly decreased expression of TIMELESS in the blood of asthmatic children as compared to the healthy children (P = 0.0289) and in NHBE cells stimulated with IL-13 (P = 0.0302). CONCLUSIONS In our study, we showed for the first time that TIMELESS variants and expression may be associated with childhood asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Langwinski
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Paulina Sobkowiak
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Beata Narozna
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Irena Wojsyk-Banaszak
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Zuzanna Stachowiak
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Joanna Nowakowska
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Bręborowicz
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Szczepankiewicz
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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16
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IL-13 and IL-4, but not IL-5 nor IL-17A, induce hyperresponsiveness in isolated human small airways. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019; 145:808-817.e2. [PMID: 31805312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Specific inflammatory pathways are indicated to contribute to severe asthma, but their individual involvement in the development of airway hyperresponsiveness remains unexplored. OBJECTIVE This experimental study in human small bronchi aimed to provide insight into which of the type 2 and type 17 cytokines cause hyperresponsiveness of airway smooth muscle. METHODS Explanted small bronchi isolated from human lung tissue and human airway smooth muscle cells were treated for 2 and 1 day(s), respectively, with 100 ng/mL of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, or IL-17A, and contractile responses, Ca2+ mobilization, and receptor expression were assessed. RESULTS Treatment with IL-13 increased the potency of histamine, carbachol, and leukotriene D4 as contractile agonists. IL-4, but not IL-5 or IL-17A, also increased the potency of histamine. In human airway smooth muscle cells, IL-13 and IL-4, but not IL-5 and IL-17A, enhanced the histamine-induced Ca2+ mobilization that was accompanied with increased mRNA expression of histamine H1 and cysteinyl leukotriene CysLT1 receptors. RNA sequencing of isolated bronchi confirmed the IL-13-mediated upregulation of H1 and CysLT1 receptors, without showing an alteration of muscarinic M3 receptors. Dexamethasone had no effects on IL-13-induced hyperresponsiveness in human bronchi, the increased Ca2+ mobilization, or the enhanced receptor expression. In contrast, antagonism of the common receptor for IL-13 and IL-4 by the biologic dupilumab prevented the effects of both IL-13 and IL-4 in human bronchi and human airway smooth muscle cells. CONCLUSIONS The glucocorticoid-insensitive hyperrresponsiveness in isolated human airways induced by IL-13 and IL-4 provides further evidence that the IL-4Rα pathway should be targeted as a new strategy for the treatment of airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma.
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17
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Abstract
Current management of severe asthma relying either on guidelines (bulk approach) or on disease phenotypes (stratified approach) did not improve the burden of the disease. Several severe phenotypes are described: clinical, functional, morphological, inflammatory, molecular and microbiome-related. However, phenotypes do not necessarily relate to or give insights into the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms which are described by the disease endotypes. Based on the major immune-inflammatory pathway involved type-2 high, type-2 low and mixed endotypes are described for severe asthma, with several shared pathogenetic pathways such as genetic and epigenetic, metabolic, neurogenic and remodelling subtypes. The concept of multidimensional endotyping as un unbiased approach to severe asthma is discussed, together with new tools and targets facilitating the shift from the stratified to the precision medicine approach.
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18
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Yombo DJK, Mentink-Kane MM, Wilson MS, Wynn TA, Madala SK. Heat shock protein 70 is a positive regulator of airway inflammation and goblet cell hyperplasia in a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:15082-15094. [PMID: 31431507 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are highly conserved molecular chaperones that are ubiquitously expressed in all species to aid the solubilization of misfolded proteins, protein degradation, and transport. Elevated levels of Hsp70 have been found in the sputum, serum, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of asthma patients and are known to correlate with disease severity. However, the function of Hsp70 in allergic airway inflammation has remained largely unknown. This study aimed to determine the role of Hsp70 in airway inflammation and remodeling using a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation. WT and Hsp70 double-knockout (Hsp70.1/.3-/-) mice were sensitized and challenged intratracheally with Schistosoma mansoni soluble egg antigens (SEAs) to induce robust Th2 responses and airway inflammation in the lungs. The lack of Hsp70 resulted in a significant reduction in airway inflammation, goblet cell hyperplasia, and Th2 cytokine production, including IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13. An analysis of the BAL fluid suggested that Hsp70 is critically required for eosinophilic infiltration, collagen accumulation, and Th2 cytokine production in allergic airways. Furthermore, our bone marrow (BM) transfer studies show that SEA-induced airway inflammation, goblet cell hyperplasia, and Th2 cytokine production were attenuated in WT mice that were reconstituted with Hsp70-deficient BM, but these effects were not attenuated in Hsp70-deficient mice that were reconstituted with WT BM. Together, these studies identify a pathogenic role for Hsp70 in hematopoietic cells during allergic airway inflammation; this illustrates the potential utility of targeting Hsp70 to alleviate allergen-induced Th2 cytokines, goblet cell hyperplasia, and airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan J K Yombo
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | | | - Mark S Wilson
- Mill Hill Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas A Wynn
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Satish K Madala
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229 .,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
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19
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Giuliani ME, Sparaventi E, Lanzoni I, Pittura L, Regoli F, Gorbi S. Precision-Cut Tissue Slices (PCTS) from the digestive gland of the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis: An ex vivo approach for molecular and cellular responses in marine invertebrates. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 61:104603. [PMID: 31330176 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The precision-cut tissue slices (PCTS) represent a largely used biological model in mammalian research. This ex vivo approach offers the main advantages of in vitro systems, while maintaining the natural architecture of the tissue. The use of PCTS in toxicological research has been proposed for investigating the cellular effects of xenobiotics or bioactive compounds mostly in mammalian models. Their application is increasing also in marine organisms, but still limited to fish. This work validates the use of PCTS in an invertebrate species, the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. Intact tissue slices of different thicknesses (300, 350 and 400 μm) were successfully obtained from the digestive gland. The slices maintained the histological integrity and the viability after 6 h and 24 h incubation in culture medium, with some differences depending on the thickness. The enzymatic activities and mRNA levels of catalase and glutathione S-transferase, chosen as model biological endpoints, were measured until 24 h incubation, revealing the functionality of such systems. This work demonstrates the suitability of mussel PCTS for investigating molecular and cellular responses in ecotoxicological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elisa Giuliani
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Erica Sparaventi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Ilaria Lanzoni
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Lucia Pittura
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco Regoli
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Stefania Gorbi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
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20
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Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Priming of The Host Antiviral Interferon Signaling Pathway by Bronchobini ® Resulting in Balanced Immune Response to Rhinovirus Infection in Mouse Lung Tissue Slices. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092242. [PMID: 31067687 PMCID: PMC6540047 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhinovirus (RV) is the predominant virus causing respiratory tract infections. Bronchobini® is a low dose multi component, multi target preparation used to treat inflammatory respiratory diseases such as the common cold, described to ease severity of symptoms such as cough and viscous mucus production. The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of Bronchobini® in RV infection and to elucidate its mode of action. Therefore, Bronchobini®’s ingredients (BRO) were assessed in an ex vivo model of RV infection using mouse precision-cut lung slices, an organotypic tissue capable to reflect the host immune response to RV infection. Cytokine profiles were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and mesoscale discovery (MSD). Gene expression analysis was performed using Affymetrix microarrays and ingenuity pathway analysis. BRO treatment resulted in the significant suppression of RV-induced antiviral and pro-inflammatory cytokine release. Transcriptome analysis revealed a multifactorial mode of action of BRO, with a strong inhibition of the RV-induced pro-inflammatory and antiviral host response mediated by nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB) and interferon signaling pathways. Interestingly, this was due to priming of these pathways in the absence of virus. Overall, BRO exerted its beneficial anti-inflammatory effect by priming the antiviral host response resulting in a reduced inflammatory response to RV infection, thereby balancing an otherwise excessive inflammatory response.
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