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Zdanowicz MM, Valdes B, Salani D. Management of HIV in the older adults: Clinical and public health challenge. Public Health Nurs 2024; 41:406-415. [PMID: 38323718 DOI: 10.1111/phn.13288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
As a result of significant advances in antiretroviral therapy (ART), the number of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) who are alive well into their senior years has increased significantly in recent years. While increased life expectancy is a highly desired outcome for PLWH, it brings with it a number of challenges that are only now starting to be understood and fully appreciated. These challenges include higher rates of co-morbidities, polypharmacy, drug side effects, and cognitive deficits, as well as numerous psychosocial issues such as stigma, loneliness, and depression. Older PLWH also face challenges related to housing, health insurance, and long-term care. This review will discuss many of the challenges faced by older PLWH and present clinical and public health responses with suggested interventions that may improve outcomes for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin M Zdanowicz
- Professor of Phamaceutical and Appplied Life Science, Keck Graduate Institute, School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Claremont, California, USA
| | - Beatriz Valdes
- Associate Professor of Clinical, University of Miami School of Nursing and Health Studies, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
| | - Deborah Salani
- Professor of Clinical, University of Miami School of Nursing and Health Studies, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
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Jewell M, Jampel SM, Casagrande MG, Ásbjörnsdóttir K, Littman AJ. Self-reported condom use among Washington State residents prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional analysis of BRFSS data. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e075877. [PMID: 38128941 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-075877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES COVID-19 significantly impacted healthcare access and sexual behaviour, but little is known about how COVID-19 affected condom use. This study aimed to investigate whether self-reported condom use and sex in Washington State changed during pandemic restrictions compared with prepandemic. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. SETTING Washington State. PARTICIPANTS 11 684 participants aged 18-65. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was changes in the prevalence of condom use by time of interview pre-COVID-19, before the Washington State lockdown (1 January 2019 to 23 March 2020, n=7708) and during COVID-19, after the first state lockdown (24 March 2020 to 31 December 2020, n=3976). The secondary outcome was changes in the prevalence of reported sex during the same periods. We assessed whether associations differed by rurality and HIV risk behaviour. RESULTS Condom use was similar during COVID-19 (37.3%) compared with pre-COVID-19 (37.8%) (adjusted prevalence ratio (PR): 0.98, 95% CI 0.89, 1.01). Associations did not differ by rurality or HIV risk behaviour. Compared with pre-COVID-19 (83.0%), a smaller proportion of respondents reported having sex in the last 12 months during COVID-19 (80.5%), a relative decrease of 3% (PR: 0.97, 95% CI 0.96, 0.99; p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of reported sex declined during COVID-19, but condom use remained steady in Washington. As our reproductive health system faces increased challenges, these results may inform future sexual health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Jewell
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Sonya M Jampel
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Mary Grace Casagrande
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Kristjana Ásbjörnsdóttir
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington, USA
- University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Alyson J Littman
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Alves RDS, Sousa LRM, de Moura JP, Gir E, Reis RK. Effectiveness of educational intervention among seropositive women about knowledge about HIV sexual transmission. Rev Bras Enferm 2023; 76:e20220371. [PMID: 37610951 PMCID: PMC10441211 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2022-0371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES to assess the effectiveness of a group and telephone educational intervention with seropositive women about knowledge about HIV sexual transmission prevention. METHODS a quasi-experimental before-and-after study, carried out with 151 women living with HIV in a Specialized Care Service in a Brazilian capital. The educational intervention was carried out in three moments, with the assessment being carried out before the first and after the last moment. RESULTS 97.4% of study participants were cisgender women aged between 18 and 58 years; 55.6% considered themselves brown; and 32.5% of interviewees had elementary school. Regarding knowledge about HIV sexual transmission, in 78.5% of items, there was an association (p<0.005) with increased participants' knowledge after receiving the intervention. CONCLUSIONS the educational intervention helped to increase the knowledge of women living with HIV about the sexual transmission of the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Elucir Gir
- Universidade de São Paulo. Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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Bekele Z, Mussa I, Assefa Y, Abera N, Amerga EW, Girma A, Ayele AT, Mengesha MM. Risky sexual practice and associated factors among adult people living with HIV/AIDS in public hospitals of Kembata Tambaro Zone, Southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e072505. [PMID: 37463817 PMCID: PMC10357730 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study assessed the magnitude of risky sexual practices and associated factors among adult people living with HIV (PLHIV) attending antiretroviral clinics in public hospitals in Kembata Tembaro Zone, southern Ethiopia. DESIGN A cross-sectional study was conducted. SETTING A hospital-based study was conducted among adult PLHIV in the Kambata Tambaro Zone, southern Ethiopia. PARTICIPANTS 300 men and women aged 15 years and older who had been receiving HIV/AIDS care and support in four public hospitals participated in this study. STUDY OUTCOME Risky sexual practice was the study outcome. It was defined based on responses to four items: multiple sexual partnerships, casual sex, consistent condom use and sex under the influence of alcohol. Risky sexual practice was defined based on a 'yes' response to any of the four items. RESULTS Of the adult PLHIV who were sexually active in the 6 months preceding the survey, 75.7% (95% CI: 70.5% to 80.2%) engaged in at least one risky sexual practice, with 3.3% (95% CI: 1.8% to 6.1%) engaged in three or more. A positive attitude towards condom use and being on antiretroviral therapy for over 10 years were correlated with low odds of risky sexual practices. There was a higher likelihood of risky sexual behaviour among those who kept their HIV status secret and did not bring up using a condom before sexual contact. Whereas, those with a positive attitude towards condom use had a reduced risk of engaging in risky sexual practices. CONCLUSION A considerable proportion of adult PLHIV engage in risky sexual practices. Efforts directed at removing barriers to disclosing HIV status to partners and promoting condom use discussion among sexual partners could reduce the burden of risky sexual practices and the onward transmission of HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelalem Bekele
- Clinical Governance and Quality Improvement Unit, Doctor Bogalech Gebre Memorial General Hospital, Durame, Ethiopia
| | - Ibsa Mussa
- School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Yonas Assefa
- Center of Public Health Emergency Management, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Negash Abera
- Center of Public Health Emergency Management, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Ermias Woldie Amerga
- Center of Public Health Emergency Management, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Addisu Girma
- Clinical Governance and Quality Improvement Unit, Doctor Bogalech Gebre Memorial General Hospital, Durame, Ethiopia
| | - Awugchew Teshome Ayele
- Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Melkamu Merid Mengesha
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, School of Public Health, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
- Child and Family Health Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Simelane MS, Chemhaka GB, Shabalala FS, Simelane PT, Vilakati Z. Prevalence and determinants of inconsistent condom use among unmarried sexually active youth. a secondary analysis of the 2016-2017 Eswatini HIV incidence measurement survey. Afr Health Sci 2023; 23:400-409. [PMID: 37545960 PMCID: PMC10398441 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v23i1.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In sub-Saharan Africa, youth continue to have a high burden of sexually transmitted infections and unplanned pregnancies that could be reduced through improved condom use. We aimed to investigate inconsistent condom use with the three most recent sexual partners among unmarried sexually active youth in Eswatini. METHODS Data were analysed for 1,324 youth from the 2016-2017 Swaziland HIV incidence measurement survey (SHIMS2) using multivariable logistic regression method. RESULTS The prevalence of inconsistent condom use among youth was 56.8% in 2017. Higher odds of inconsistent condom use were observed among youth aged 20-24, residents in the Lubombo region, those aged less than 18 years at sexual debut and those who had two or more sexual partners in the last 12 months before the survey. Lower odds of inconsistent condom use were observed among males, and those that knew their partners reported HIV status to be negative. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight a notable prevalence of inconsistent condom use among youth in Eswatini. Programs that aim to reduce the incidence of HIV infections and STIs among youth in Eswatini should focus on these factors associated with inconsistent condom use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maswati S Simelane
- Department of Statistics and Demography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Eswatini, Kwaluseni, Eswatini
| | - Garikayi B Chemhaka
- Department of Statistics and Demography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Eswatini, Kwaluseni, Eswatini
| | - Fortunate S Shabalala
- Department of Community Health Nursing Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eswatini, Mbabane, Eswatini
| | - Portia T Simelane
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, Townsville, Education Office, Queensland, Australia
| | - Zodwa Vilakati
- Department of Statistics and Demography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Eswatini, Kwaluseni, Eswatini
- Department of Population Studies, University of Zambia
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Ajayi OA, Ogunsola OO, Akinro Y, Adamu-Oyegun S, Wudiri K, Ojo TO, Amoo B. Consistent condom use and associated factors among HIV positive women of reproductive age on anti-retroviral treatment in Ogun State, Nigeria. Pan Afr Med J 2022; 43:101. [PMID: 36699975 PMCID: PMC9834802 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2022.43.101.32806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction consistent condom use remains an integral and essential part of comprehensive Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) prevention and care programme. This study assessed consistent use of condom among HIV-positive women of reproductive age on antiretroviral treatment and its associated factors. Methods a cross-sectional survey of 360 women living with HIV (WLHIV) receiving treatment in four APIN Public Health Initiatives, Nigeria supported President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) comprehensive Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) sites in Ogun State was conducted from October 2018 to March 2019. Information were collected on consistent condom use among respondents and their associated factors using a pre-tested questionnaire. Data were analysed using SPSS IBM version, with statistical significance set at 0.05. Results the mean age of the women was 38.1 ± 5.8 years. About two-fifth (39.4%) of the respondents reported consistent use of condom. Of the 142 respondents who reported inconsistent use of condom, 51.6% and 37.5% mentioned sexual displeasure and partner's disagreement respectively as reasons for inconsistent use. Factors associated with consistent condom use were marital status (p < 0.001), respondent's occupation (p = 0.040), partner's occupation (p = 0.012) and partner's HIV status (p = 0.045). Respondents with HIV negative partners were 1.8 times more likely to use condom consistently compared to those with HIV positive partners (AOR = 1.826, CI = 1.018 - 3.274). Conclusion this study concludes that there is poor consistent condom use among WLHIV in Ogun State. The rate is worse among the sero-concordant partners than the sero-discordant partners. More needs to be done through behaviour change communication aimed at improving consistent condom use among HIV clients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluseye Ayodele Ajayi
- Prevention and Community Service Directorate, APIN Public Health Initiatives, Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Olabanjo Okunlola Ogunsola
- Prevention and Community Service Directorate, APIN Public Health Initiatives, Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Yewande Akinro
- Clinical Service Directorate, APIN Public Health Initiatives, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Scott Adamu-Oyegun
- Prevention and Community Service Directorate, APIN Public Health Initiatives, Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Kucheli Wudiri
- Prevention and Community Service Directorate, APIN Public Health Initiatives, Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Temitope Olumuyiwa Ojo
- Department of Community Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria,Corresponding author: Temitope Olumuyiwa Ojo, Department of Community Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
| | - Babatunde Amoo
- Prevention and Community Service Directorate, APIN Public Health Initiatives, Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria
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Yosef T, Wondimu W, Nigussie T, Asefa A, Qanche Q, Mekonnen B, Mesafint G, Shifera N, Amsalu H, Bekele BB. Factors Associated With HIV Preventive Behavior Among Adults in Majang Zone of Gambella Region, Southwest Ethiopia. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:807730. [PMID: 35514750 PMCID: PMC9063449 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.807730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background HIV-positive people can spread the virus through unprotected sex; however, HIV can be avoided if populations are educated about the risks. In underdeveloped nations, evidence suggests that the ABC method for HIV prevention is quite effective. As a result, the goal of this study was to determine the magnitude of HIV prevention behavior among adults in the Majang zone of Southwest Ethiopia, as well as the factors that influence it. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out from March 1st to May 31st, 2019. The data were collected through a face-to-face interview using a modified validated questionnaire among systematically selected study participants. The collected data were coded and entered using Epidata manager version 4.0.2.101 and analyzed using SPSS version 21. A logistic regression analysis was computed to determine the association using crude and adjusted odds ratios at 95% confidence intervals. The level of significance was declared at a p-value less than 0.05. Results Of the 772 adults interviewed, the proportion of adults who had good HIV preventive behavior was 51.8%, 95% CI [48.3–55.3%]. Two hundred forty (31.9%) were used abstinence as a type of HIV preventive behavior followed by being faithful (16.1%) and consistent condom use (7.3%). The study also found that respondents with the age group ≥27 years old (AOR = 1.56, 95% CI [1.3–3.12]), marital status (being married (AOR = 6.30, 95% CI [4.48–11.4]), and divorced/widowed (AOR = 5.50, 95% CI [2.60–12.4]) and having good knowledge of HIV prevention methods (AOR = 2.18, 95% CI [1.71–4.00]) were the factors associated with good HIV preventive behavior. Conclusion and Recommendation In the study area, overall HIV prevention behavior was average. The characteristics linked with successful HIV prevention behavior among adults in the Majang community included increasing age, being married or divorced/widowed, and having a solid understanding of HIV prevention approaches. As a result, policy-level and multi-sectorial intervention approaches from all stakeholders are necessary to develop short- and long-term strategies to address the problem and improve the community’s quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tewodros Yosef
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan-Aman, Ethiopia
- *Correspondence: Tewodros Yosef, , orcid.org/0000-0002-3173-6753
| | - Wondimagegn Wondimu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan-Aman, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Nigussie
- Department of Nutrition and Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan-Aman, Ethiopia
| | - Adane Asefa
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan-Aman, Ethiopia
| | - Qaro Qanche
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan-Aman, Ethiopia
| | - Besufekad Mekonnen
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan-Aman, Ethiopia
| | - Gebremeskel Mesafint
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan-Aman, Ethiopia
| | - Nigusie Shifera
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan-Aman, Ethiopia
| | - Hailemariam Amsalu
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan-Aman, Ethiopia
| | - Bayu Begashaw Bekele
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan-Aman, Ethiopia
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Mashaphu S, Wyatt GE, Zhang M, Liu H. Condom use consistency among South African HIV serodiscordant couples following an HIV risk-reduction intervention. Int J STD AIDS 2022; 33:479-484. [PMID: 35315305 DOI: 10.1177/09564624221076617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Although there are several ways to transmit HIV, condomless sex remains the primary mode in sub-Saharan Africa, including South Africa, with KwaZulu-Natal Province being one of the epicentres of HIV infection. This study explored the use of condoms in serodiscordant couples who were exposed to an HIV-risk reduction intervention that aimed to improve condom use and reduce the spread of HIV.Methods: A Total of 30 couples completed a paper-based questionnaire on their demographics and general health at baseline and 3 months, plus a semi-structured questionnaire with four domains. An analysis of HIV knowledge, condom use, condom use attitudes and protection perceptions about how other serodiscordant couples behave was conducted following a 12-week HIV risk reduction intervention. Participants were randomised 2:1 into intervention and control groups.Results: Condom use increased from 55% at baseline to 73.7% (p = .0047) at 3 months for the intervention group and condom use in the last 7 days increased from 53% to 86% (p = .0117). For the control group, condom use remained low at the 3 months follow up period (p = .625). HIV knowledge improved significantly from baseline to 3 months for the intervention group (p < .0001), as well as the control group (p = .0005). Negative HIV condom use attitude scores in both groups decreased significantly from baseline to 3 months; intervention group (p = .0059) and control group (p = .0007).Conclusion: HIV knowledge and condom use improved significantly, while negative condom use attitudes and HIV protection perceptions decreased significantly following exposure to a risk-reduction intervention, suggesting that HIV preventive interventions should focus on partnership interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibongile Mashaphu
- Department of Psychiatry, 56394University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Gail E Wyatt
- 145230UCLA Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Muyu Zhang
- 145230UCLA Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Honghu Liu
- Division of Public Health and Community Dentistry, 8783University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Huertas-Zurriaga A, Palmieri PA, Aguayo-Gonzalez MP, Dominguez-Cancino KA, Casanovas-Cuellar C, Linden KLV, Cesario SK, Edwards JE, Leyva-Moral JM. Reproductive decision-making of Black women living with HIV: A systematic review. WOMEN'S HEALTH (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 18:17455057221090827. [PMID: 35404192 PMCID: PMC9006353 DOI: 10.1177/17455057221090827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Black women living with HIV account for a higher proportion of new HIV diagnoses than other groups. These women experience restricted access to reproductive services and inadequate support from healthcare providers because their position in society is based on their sexual health and social identity in the context of this stigmatizing chronic disease. By recognizing the analytical relevance of intersectionality, the reproductive decision-making of Black women can be explored as a social phenomenon of society with varied positionality. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this review was to synthesize the evidence about the reproductive decision-making of Black women living with HIV in high-income countries from the beginning of the HIV epidemic to the present. METHODS This systematic review was guided by the JBI evidence synthesis recommendations. Searches were completed in seven databases from 1985 to 2021, and the review protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD420180919). RESULTS Of 3503 records, 22 studies were chosen for synthesis, including 19 observational and three qualitative designs. Nearly, all studies originated from the United States; the earliest was reported in 1995. Few studies provided detailed sociodemographic data or subgroup analysis focused on race or ethnicity. Influencing factors for reproductive decision-making were organized into the following seven categories: ethnicity, race, and pregnancy; religion and spirituality; attitudes and beliefs about antiretroviral therapy; supportive people; motherhood and fulfillment; reproductive planning; and health and wellness. CONCLUSION No major differences were identified in the reproductive decision-making of Black women living with HIV. Even though Black women were the largest group of women living with HIV, no studies reported a subgroup analysis, and few studies detailed sociodemographic information specific to Black women. In the future, institutional review boards should require a subgroup analysis for Black women when they are included as participants in larger studies of women living with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariadna Huertas-Zurriaga
- Àrea de Suport a la Recerca en Cures, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
- Evidence-Based Health Care South America: A JBI Affiliated Group, Lima, Peru
| | - Patrick A Palmieri
- Evidence-Based Health Care South America: A JBI Affiliated Group, Lima, Peru
- South American Center for Qualitative Research, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima, Perú
- College of Graduate Health Studies, A.T. Still University, Kirksville, MO, USA
- Center for Global Nursing, Texas Woman’s University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mariela P Aguayo-Gonzalez
- Evidence-Based Health Care South America: A JBI Affiliated Group, Lima, Peru
- Department d’Infermeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación Enfermera en Vulnerabilidad y Salud (GRIVIS), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Karen A Dominguez-Cancino
- Evidence-Based Health Care South America: A JBI Affiliated Group, Lima, Peru
- Escuela de Enfermería, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú
- Escuela de Salud Pública, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Cristina Casanovas-Cuellar
- Àrea de Suport a la Recerca en Cures, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
- Department d’Infermeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kara L Vander Linden
- Department of Research, Saybrook University, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Glaser Center for Grounded Theory, Institute for Research and Theory Methodologies, Poway, CA, USA
| | - Sandra K Cesario
- Center for Global Nursing, Texas Woman’s University, Houston, TX, USA
- Nelda C. Stark College of Nursing, Texas Woman’s University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joan E Edwards
- Center for Global Nursing, Texas Woman’s University, Houston, TX, USA
- Nelda C. Stark College of Nursing, Texas Woman’s University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Juan M Leyva-Moral
- Evidence-Based Health Care South America: A JBI Affiliated Group, Lima, Peru
- Center for Global Nursing, Texas Woman’s University, Houston, TX, USA
- Department d’Infermeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación Enfermera en Vulnerabilidad y Salud (GRIVIS), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Yusuf H, Agwu A. Adolescents and young adults with early acquired HIV infection in the united states: unique challenges in treatment and secondary prevention. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2021; 19:457-471. [PMID: 32990092 PMCID: PMC8084860 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2021.1829473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Worldwide, children who acquired human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) at an early age, either perinatally or through blood transfusion, are reaching adolescence and adulthood due to successful antiretroviral treatment (ART). While many are thriving, a significant proportion face unprecedented multilevel challenges that can affect their long-term outcomes. Specifically, longstanding and poorly controlled HIV resulting from inadequate early regimens and nonadherence, along with the toxicities of some ART agents, can predispose them to sequelae including HIV-associated complications and other comorbidities. AREAS COVERED This paper reviews and summarizes the unique issues facing adolescents and young adults with early acquired HIV (AYA-EAHIV), including ART challenges, emerging comorbidities, and complications, including mental health comorbidities, secondary prevention, and transition from pediatric/adolescent to adult care. EXPERT OPINION AYA-EAHIV are a special population that have lived their entire lives with the physical and psychological toll of HIV mandating targeted and purposeful approaches to optimize their management and outcomes. Multifaceted inclusive and context-specific approaches focusing on heightened research, risk reduction interventions, and 'outside the box' thinking will be required to optimize treatment and reduce morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasiya Yusuf
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Allison Agwu
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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