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Zhu Y, Meerschaert KA, Galvan-Pena S, Bin NR, Yang D, Basu H, Kawamoto R, Shalaby A, Liberles SD, Mathis D, Benoist C, Chiu IM. A chemogenetic screen reveals that Trpv1-expressing neurons control regulatory T cells in the gut. Science 2024; 385:eadk1679. [PMID: 39088603 DOI: 10.1126/science.adk1679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
Neuroimmune cross-talk participates in intestinal tissue homeostasis and host defense. However, the matrix of interactions between arrays of molecularly defined neuron subsets and of immunocyte lineages remains unclear. We used a chemogenetic approach to activate eight distinct neuronal subsets, assessing effects by deep immunophenotyping, microbiome profiling, and immunocyte transcriptomics in intestinal organs. Distinct immune perturbations followed neuronal activation: Nitrergic neurons regulated T helper 17 (TH17)-like cells, and cholinergic neurons regulated neutrophils. Nociceptor neurons, expressing Trpv1, elicited the broadest immunomodulation, inducing changes in innate lymphocytes, macrophages, and RORγ+ regulatory T (Treg) cells. Neuroanatomical, genetic, and pharmacological follow-up showed that Trpv1+ neurons in dorsal root ganglia decreased Treg cell numbers via the neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). Given the role of these neurons in nociception, these data potentially link pain signaling with gut Treg cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Zhu
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kimberly A Meerschaert
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Silvia Galvan-Pena
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Na-Ryum Bin
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daping Yang
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Himanish Basu
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ryo Kawamoto
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Amre Shalaby
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Stephen D Liberles
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Diane Mathis
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Christophe Benoist
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Isaac M Chiu
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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2
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Kallogjerovic S, Velázquez-Quesada I, Hadap R, Gligorijevic B. Retrograde tracing of breast cancer-associated sensory neurons. J Microsc 2024. [PMID: 38881512 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.13340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality among women. The tumour microenvironment, consisting of host cells and extracellular matrix, has been increasingly studied for its interplay with cancer cells, and the resulting effect on tumour progression. While the breast is one of the most innervated organs in the body, the role of neurons, and specifically sensory neurons, has been understudied, mostly for technical reasons. One of the reasons is the anatomy of sensory neurons: sensory neuron somas are located in the spine, and their axons can extend longer than a meter across the body to provide innervation in the breast. Next, neurons are challenging to culture, and there are no cell lines adequately representing the diversity of sensory neurons. Finally, sensory neurons are responsible for transporting several different types of signals to the brain, and there are many different subtypes of sensory neurons. The subtypes of sensory neurons, which innervate and interact with breast tumours, are unknown. To establish the tools for labelling and subtyping neurons that interact with breast cancer cells, we utilised two retrograde tracer's standards in neuroscience, wheat-germ agglutinin (WGA) and cholera toxin subunit B (CTB). In vitro, we employed primary sensory neurons isolated from mouse dorsal root ganglia, cultured in a custom-built microfluidic device DACIT, that mimics the anatomical compartmentalisation of the sensory neuron's soma and axons. In vivo, we utilised both syngeneic and transgenic mouse models of mammary carcinoma. We show that CTB and WGA trace different but overlapping sensory neuronal subpopulations: while WGA is more efficient in labelling CGRP+ neurons, CTB is superior in labelling the NF200+ neurons. Surprisingly, both tracers are also taken up by a significant population of breast cancer cells, both in vitro and in vivo. In summary, we have established methodologies for retrograde tracing of sensory neurons interacting with breast cancer cells. Our tools will be useful for future studies of breast tumour innervation, and development of therapies targeting breast cancer-associated neuron subpopulations of sensory neurons. Lay description: Breast cancer is an aggressive disease that affects both women and men throughout the world. While it has been reported that the increasing size of nerves in breast cancer correlates to bad prognosis in patients, the role of nerves, especially sensory nerves, in breast cancer progression, has remained largely understudied. Sensory nerves are responsible for delivering signals such as pain, mechanical forces (pressure, tension, stretch, touch) and temperature to the brain. The human body is densely innervated, and nerves extending into peripheral organs can be as long as a few meters. Nerve classification and function can be very complex, as they contain bundles of extensions (axons) originating in different neuronal bodies (soma). Maintaining neurons and growing axons in cell culture conditions in order to mimic innervation is technically challenging, as it involves multiple organs of the human body. Here, we focus on tracing sensory axons from the breast tumours back to the neuronal soma, located in the dorsal root ganglia, inside the spine. To do so, we are using two different 'retrograde' tracers, WGA and CTB, which are proteins with a natural ability to enter axons and travel in a retrograde fashion, arriving at the soma, even if it means to travel distances longer than a meter. Both tracers are fluorescently labelled, making them visible using high-resolution fluorescent microscopy. We show that both WGA and CTB can label sensory neurons in tumours, or in cell culture conditions. The two tracers differ in efficiency of tracing different sensory neurons subpopulations: while WGA is more efficient in tracing small C-fibres (CGRP-positive), CTB is more efficient in tracing A-fibres (NF200+) of sensory neurons. In summary, we have successfully established retrograde tracing techniques for sensory neurons towards studying and targeting breast cancer innervation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rutva Hadap
- Bioengineering Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Bojana Gligorijevic
- Bioengineering Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Cancer Signaling and Microenvironment Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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3
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Kallogjerovic S, Velázquez-Quesada I, Hadap R, Gligorijevic B. Retrograde tracing of breast cancer-associated sensory neurons. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.26.582088. [PMID: 38463981 PMCID: PMC10925213 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.26.582088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality among women. The tumor microenvironment, consisting of host cells and extracellular matrix, has been increasingly studied for its interplay with cancer cells, and the resulting effect on tumor progression. While the breast is one of the most innervated organs in the body, the role of neurons, and specifically sensory neurons, has been understudied, mostly for technical reasons. One of the reasons is the anatomy of sensory neurons: sensory neuron somas are located in the spine, and their axons can extend longer than a meter across the body to provide innervation in the breast. Next, neurons are challenging to culture, and there are no cell lines adequately representing the diversity of sensory neurons. Finally, sensory neurons are responsible for transporting several different types of signals to the brain, and there are many different subtypes of sensory neurons. The subtypes of sensory neurons which innervate and interact with breast tumors are unknown. To establish the tools for labeling and subtyping neurons that interact with breast cancer cells, we utilized two retrograde tracer's standards in neuroscience, wheat-germ agglutinin (WGA) and cholera toxin subunit B (CTB). In vitro , we employed primary sensory neurons isolated from mouse dorsal root ganglia, cultured in a custom-built microfluidic device DACIT, that mimics the anatomical compartmentalization of the sensory neuron's soma and axons. In vivo , we utilized both syngeneic and transgenic mouse models of mammary carcinoma. We show that CTB and WGA trace different but overlapping sensory neuronal subpopulations: while WGA is more efficient in labeling CGRP+ neurons, CTB is superior in labeling the NF200+ neurons. Surprisingly, both tracers are also taken up by a significant population of breast cancer cells, both in vitro and in vivo . In summary, we have established methodologies for retrograde tracing of sensory neurons interacting with breast cancer cells. Our tools will be useful for future studies of breast tumor innervation, and development of therapies targeting breast cancer-associated neuron subpopulations of sensory neurons.
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Iadarola MJ, Sapio MR, Loydpierson AJ, Mervis CB, Fehrenbacher JC, Vasko MR, Maric D, Eisenberg DP, Nash TA, Kippenhan JS, Garvey MH, Mannes AJ, Gregory MD, Berman KF. Syntaxin1A overexpression and pain insensitivity in individuals with 7q11.23 duplication syndrome. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e176147. [PMID: 38261410 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.176147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Genetic modifications leading to pain insensitivity phenotypes, while rare, provide invaluable insights into the molecular biology of pain and reveal targets for analgesic drugs. Pain insensitivity typically results from Mendelian loss-of-function mutations in genes expressed in nociceptive (pain-sensing) dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons that connect the body to the spinal cord. We document a pain insensitivity mechanism arising from gene overexpression in individuals with the rare 7q11.23 duplication syndrome (Dup7), who have 3 copies of the approximately 1.5-megabase Williams syndrome (WS) critical region. Based on parental accounts and pain ratings, people with Dup7, mainly children in this study, are pain insensitive following serious injury to skin, bones, teeth, or viscera. In contrast, diploid siblings (2 copies of the WS critical region) and individuals with WS (1 copy) show standard reactions to painful events. A converging series of human assessments and cross-species cell biological and transcriptomic studies identified 1 likely candidate in the WS critical region, STX1A, as underlying the pain insensitivity phenotype. STX1A codes for the synaptic vesicle fusion protein syntaxin1A. Excess syntaxin1A was demonstrated to compromise neuropeptide exocytosis from nociceptive DRG neurons. Taken together, these data indicate a mechanism for producing "genetic analgesia" in Dup7 and offer previously untargeted routes to pain control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Iadarola
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Matthew R Sapio
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Amelia J Loydpierson
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Carolyn B Mervis
- Neurodevelopmental Sciences Laboratory, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Jill C Fehrenbacher
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Michael R Vasko
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Dragan Maric
- Flow and Imaging Cytometry Core Facility, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), and
| | - Daniel P Eisenberg
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Tiffany A Nash
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - J Shane Kippenhan
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Madeline H Garvey
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrew J Mannes
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael D Gregory
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Karen F Berman
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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5
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Estivill-Torrús G, Martínez-Padilla AB, Sánchez-Salido L, Evercooren ABV, García-Díaz B. The dorsal root ganglion as a target for neurorestoration in neuropathic pain. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:296-301. [PMID: 37488881 PMCID: PMC10503598 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.374655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is a severe and chronic condition widely found in the general population. The reason for this is the extensive variety of damage or diseases that can spark this unpleasant constant feeling in patients. During the processing of pain, the dorsal root ganglia constitute an important region where dorsal root ganglion neurons play a crucial role in the transmission and propagation of sensory electrical stimulation. Furthermore, the dorsal root ganglia have recently exhibited a regenerative capacity that should not be neglected in the understanding of the development and resolution of neuropathic pain and in the elucidation of innovative therapies. Here, we will review the complex interplay between cells (satellite glial cells and inflammatory cells) and factors (cytokines, neurotrophic factors and genetic factors) that takes place within the dorsal root ganglia and accounts for the generation of the aberrant excitation of primary sensory neurons occurring in neuropathic pain. More importantly, we will summarize an updated view of the current pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic therapies targeting the dorsal root ganglia for the treatment of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Estivill-Torrús
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), Málaga, Spain
- Unidad Clínica de Neurociencias, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Lourdes Sánchez-Salido
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), Málaga, Spain
- Unidad Clínica de Neurociencias, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Anne Baron-Van Evercooren
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute-ICM, INSERM, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Beatriz García-Díaz
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), Málaga, Spain
- Unidad Clínica de Neurociencias, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
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Gore R, Esmail T, Pflepsen K, Marron Fernandez de Velasco E, Kitto KF, Riedl MS, Karlen A, McIvor RS, Honda CN, Fairbanks CA, Vulchanova L. AAV-mediated gene transfer to colon-innervating primary afferent neurons. FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH 2023; 4:1225246. [PMID: 37599864 PMCID: PMC10436501 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2023.1225246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Investigation of neural circuits underlying visceral pain is hampered by the difficulty in achieving selective manipulations of individual circuit components. In this study, we adapted a dual AAV approach, used for projection-specific transgene expression in the CNS, to explore the potential for targeted delivery of transgenes to primary afferent neurons innervating visceral organs. Focusing on the extrinsic sensory innervation of the mouse colon, we first characterized the extent of dual transduction following intrathecal delivery of one AAV9 vector and intracolonic delivery of a second AAV9 vector. We found that if the two AAV9 vectors were delivered one week apart, dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neuron transduction by the second vector was greatly diminished. Following delivery of the two viruses on the same day, we observed colocalization of the transgenes in DRG neurons, indicating dual transduction. Next, we delivered intrathecally an AAV9 vector encoding the inhibitory chemogenetic actuator hM4D(Gi) in a Cre-recombinase dependent manner, and on the same day injected an AAV9 vector carrying Cre-recombinase in the colon. DRG expression of hM4D(Gi) was demonstrated at the mRNA and protein level. However, we were unable to demonstrate selective inhibition of visceral nociception following hM4D(Gi) activation. Taken together, these results establish a foundation for development of strategies for targeted transduction of primary afferent neurons for neuromodulation of peripheral neural circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshma Gore
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Tina Esmail
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Kelsey Pflepsen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | | | - Kelley F. Kitto
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Maureen S. Riedl
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Andrea Karlen
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - R. Scott McIvor
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Christopher N. Honda
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Carolyn A. Fairbanks
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Lucy Vulchanova
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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Ajeeb R, Clegg JR. Intrathecal delivery of Macromolecules: Clinical status and emerging technologies. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 199:114949. [PMID: 37286086 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The proximity and association of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the intrathecal (IT) space with deep targets in the central nervous system (CNS) parenchyma makes IT injection an attractive route of administration for brain drug delivery. However, the extent to which intrathecally administered macromolecules are effective in treating neurological diseases is a question of both clinical debate and technological interest. We present the biological, chemical, and physical properties of the intrathecal space that are relevant to drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination from CSF. We then analyze the evolution of IT drug delivery in clinical trials over the last 20 years. Our analysis revealed that the percentage of clinical trials assessing IT delivery for the delivery of biologics (i.e., macromolecules, cells) for treatment of chronic conditions (e.g., neurodegeneration, cancer, and metabolic diseases) has steadily increased. Clinical trials exploring cell or macromolecular delivery within the IT space have not evaluated engineering technologies, such as depots, particles, or other delivery systems. Recent pre-clinical studies have evaluated IT macromolecule delivery in small animals, postulating that delivery efficacy can be assisted by external medical devices, micro- or nanoparticles, bulk biomaterials, and viral vectors. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the extent to which engineering technologies and IT administration improve CNS targeting and therapeutic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Ajeeb
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States
| | - John R Clegg
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States; Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States; Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States; Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Technology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States.
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8
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Berta T, Strong JA, Zhang JM, Ji RR. Targeting dorsal root ganglia and primary sensory neurons for the treatment of chronic pain: an update. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2023; 27:665-678. [PMID: 37574713 PMCID: PMC10530032 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2023.2247563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Current treatments for chronic pain are inadequate. Here, we provide an update on the new therapeutic strategies that target dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) in the peripheral nervous system for a better and safer treatment of chronic pain. AREAS COVERED Despite the complex nature of chronic pain and its underlying mechanisms, we do know that changes in the plasticity and modality of neurons in DRGs play a pivotal role. DRG neurons are heterogenous and offer potential pain targets for different therapeutic interventions. We discuss the last advancements of these interventions, which include the use of systemic and local administrations, selective nerve drug delivery, and gene therapy. In particular, we provide updates and further details on the molecular characterization of primary sensory neurons, new analgesics entering the market, and future gene therapy approaches. EXPERT OPINION DRGs and primary sensory neurons are promising targets for chronic pain treatment due to their key role in pain signaling, unique anatomical location, and the potential for different targeted therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temugin Berta
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Judith A. Strong
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Jun-Ming Zhang
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Ru-Rong Ji
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Departments of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
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9
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Yang OJ, Robilotto GL, Alom F, Alemán K, Devulapally K, Morris A, Mickle AD. Evaluating the transduction efficiency of systemically delivered AAV vectors in the rat nervous system. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1001007. [PMID: 36755734 PMCID: PMC9899837 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1001007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene delivery or manipulation with viral vectors is a frequently used tool in basic neuroscience studies. Adeno-associated viruses (AAV) are the most widely used vectors due to their relative safety and long-term efficacy without causing overt immunological complications. Many AAV serotypes have been discovered and engineered that preferentially transduce different populations of neurons. However, efficient targeting of peripheral neurons remains challenging for many researchers, and evaluation of peripheral neuron transduction with AAVs in rats is limited. Here, we aimed to test the efficiency of systemic AAVs to transduce peripheral neurons in rats. We administered AAV9-tdTomato, AAV-PHP.S-tdTomato, or AAV-retro-GFP systemically to neonatal rats via intraperitoneal injection. After 5 weeks, we evaluated expression patterns in peripheral sensory, motor, and autonomic neurons. No significant difference between the serotypes in the transduction of sensory neurons was noted, and all serotypes were more efficient in transducing NF200 + neurons compared to smaller CGRP + neurons. AAV-retro was more efficient at transducing motor neurons compared to other serotypes. Moreover, PHP.S was more efficient at transducing sympathetic neurons, and AAV-retro was more efficient at transducing parasympathetic neurons. These results indicate that specific AAV serotypes target peripheral neuron populations more efficiently than others in the neonatal rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia J. Yang
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Gabriella L. Robilotto
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Firoj Alom
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States,Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Karla Alemán
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Karthik Devulapally
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Abigail Morris
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Aaron D. Mickle
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States,Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States,J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States,*Correspondence: Aaron D. Mickle,
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10
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Zhang W, Lyu M, Bessman NJ, Xie Z, Arifuzzaman M, Yano H, Parkhurst CN, Chu C, Zhou L, Putzel GG, Li TT, Jin WB, Zhou J, Hu H, Tsou AM, Guo CJ, Artis D. Gut-innervating nociceptors regulate the intestinal microbiota to promote tissue protection. Cell 2022; 185:4170-4189.e20. [PMID: 36240781 PMCID: PMC9617796 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Nociceptive pain is a hallmark of many chronic inflammatory conditions including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs); however, whether pain-sensing neurons influence intestinal inflammation remains poorly defined. Employing chemogenetic silencing, adenoviral-mediated colon-specific silencing, and pharmacological ablation of TRPV1+ nociceptors, we observed more severe inflammation and defective tissue-protective reparative processes in a murine model of intestinal damage and inflammation. Disrupted nociception led to significant alterations in the intestinal microbiota and a transmissible dysbiosis, while mono-colonization of germ-free mice with Gram+Clostridium spp. promoted intestinal tissue protection through a nociceptor-dependent pathway. Mechanistically, disruption of nociception resulted in decreased levels of substance P, and therapeutic delivery of substance P promoted tissue-protective effects exerted by TRPV1+ nociceptors in a microbiota-dependent manner. Finally, dysregulated nociceptor gene expression was observed in intestinal biopsies from IBD patients. Collectively, these findings indicate an evolutionarily conserved functional link between nociception, the intestinal microbiota, and the restoration of intestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Mengze Lyu
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Nicholas J Bessman
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Zili Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mohammad Arifuzzaman
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Hiroshi Yano
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Christopher N Parkhurst
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Coco Chu
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Lei Zhou
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Gregory G Putzel
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Ting-Ting Li
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Wen-Bing Jin
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Jordan Zhou
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Hongzhen Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Amy M Tsou
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA; Friedman Center for Nutrition and Inflammation, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA; Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chun-Jun Guo
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA; Friedman Center for Nutrition and Inflammation, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - David Artis
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA; Friedman Center for Nutrition and Inflammation, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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11
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Tansley S, Gu N, Guzmán AU, Cai W, Wong C, Lister K, Muñoz-Pino E, Yousefpour N, Roome RB, Heal J, Wu N, Castonguay A, Lean G, Muir EM, Kania A, Prager-Khoutorsky M, Zhang J, Gkogkas CG, Fawcett JW, Diatchenko L, Ribeiro-da-Silva A, De Koninck Y, Mogil JS, Khoutorsky A. Microglia-mediated degradation of perineuronal nets promotes pain. Science 2022; 377:80-86. [PMID: 35617374 DOI: 10.1126/science.abl6773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Activation of microglia in the spinal cord dorsal horn following peripheral nerve injury contributes to the development of pain hypersensitivity. How activated microglia selectively enhance the activity of spinal nociceptive circuits is not well understood. We discovered that following peripheral nerve injury, microglia degrade extracellular matrix structures, perineuronal nets (PNNs), in lamina I of the spinal cord dorsal horn. Lamina I PNNs selectively enwrap spinoparabrachial projection neurons, which integrate nociceptive information in the spinal cord and convey it to supraspinal brain regions to induce pain sensation. Degradation of PNNs by microglia enhances the activity of projection neurons and induces pain-related behaviors. Thus, nerve injury-induced degradation of PNNs is a mechanism by which microglia selectively augment the output of spinal nociceptive circuits and cause pain hypersensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Tansley
- Department of Anesthesia, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ning Gu
- Department of Anesthesia, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alba Ureña Guzmán
- Department of Anesthesia, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Weihua Cai
- Department of Anesthesia, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Calvin Wong
- Department of Anesthesia, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kevin Lister
- Department of Anesthesia, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Einer Muñoz-Pino
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, CERVO Brain Research Centre, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Noosha Yousefpour
- Departement of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - R Brian Roome
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jordyn Heal
- Department of Anesthesia, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Neil Wu
- Department of Anesthesia, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Annie Castonguay
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, CERVO Brain Research Centre, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Graham Lean
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Elizabeth M Muir
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Artur Kania
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Montreal, QC, Canada.,Departement of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Ji Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christos G Gkogkas
- Biomedical Research Institute, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, University Campus, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - James W Fawcett
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Centre for Reconstructive Neuroscience, Institute for Experimental Medicine CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Luda Diatchenko
- Department of Anesthesia, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alfredo Ribeiro-da-Silva
- Departement of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Departement of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yves De Koninck
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, CERVO Brain Research Centre, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada.,Departement of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jeffrey S Mogil
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Arkady Khoutorsky
- Department of Anesthesia, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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