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Garvey MH, Nash T, Kippenhan JS, Kohn P, Mervis CB, Eisenberg DP, Ye J, Gregory MD, Berman KF. Contrasting neurofunctional correlates of face- and visuospatial-processing in children and adolescents with Williams syndrome: convergent results from four fMRI paradigms. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10304. [PMID: 38705917 PMCID: PMC11070425 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60460-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding neurogenetic mechanisms underlying neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and autism is complicated by their inherent clinical and genetic heterogeneity. Williams syndrome (WS), a rare neurodevelopmental condition in which both the genetic alteration (hemideletion of ~ twenty-six 7q11.23 genes) and the cognitive/behavioral profile are well-defined, offers an invaluable opportunity to delineate gene-brain-behavior relationships. People with WS are characterized by increased social drive, including particular interest in faces, together with hallmark difficulty in visuospatial processing. Prior work, primarily in adults with WS, has searched for neural correlates of these characteristics, with reports of altered fusiform gyrus function while viewing socioemotional stimuli such as faces, along with hypoactivation of the intraparietal sulcus during visuospatial processing. Here, we investigated neural function in children and adolescents with WS by using four separate fMRI paradigms, two that probe each of these two cognitive/behavioral domains. During the two visuospatial tasks, but not during the two face processing tasks, we found bilateral intraparietal sulcus hypoactivation in WS. In contrast, during both face processing tasks, but not during the visuospatial tasks, we found fusiform hyperactivation. These data not only demonstrate that previous findings in adults with WS are also present in childhood and adolescence, but also provide a clear example that genetic mechanisms can bias neural circuit function, thereby affecting behavioral traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline H Garvey
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Tiffany Nash
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - J Shane Kippenhan
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Philip Kohn
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Carolyn B Mervis
- Neurodevelopmental Sciences Laboratory, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Daniel P Eisenberg
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jean Ye
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Michael D Gregory
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Karen F Berman
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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Sportelli L, Eisenberg DP, Passiatore R, D'Ambrosio E, Antonucci LA, Bettina JS, Chen Q, Goldman AL, Gregory MD, Griffiths K, Hyde TM, Kleinman JE, Pardiñas AF, Parihar M, Popolizio T, Rampino A, Shin JH, Veronese M, Ulrich WS, Zink CF, Bertolino A, Howes OD, Berman KF, Weinberger DR, Pergola G. Dopamine signaling enriched striatal gene set predicts striatal dopamine synthesis and physiological activity in vivo. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3342. [PMID: 38688917 PMCID: PMC11061310 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47456-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The polygenic architecture of schizophrenia implicates several molecular pathways involved in synaptic function. However, it is unclear how polygenic risk funnels through these pathways to translate into syndromic illness. Using tensor decomposition, we analyze gene co-expression in the caudate nucleus, hippocampus, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of post-mortem brain samples from 358 individuals. We identify a set of genes predominantly expressed in the caudate nucleus and associated with both clinical state and genetic risk for schizophrenia that shows dopaminergic selectivity. A higher polygenic risk score for schizophrenia parsed by this set of genes predicts greater dopamine synthesis in the striatum and greater striatal activation during reward anticipation. These results translate dopamine-linked genetic risk variation into in vivo neurochemical and hemodynamic phenotypes in the striatum that have long been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Sportelli
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Group of Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Daniel P Eisenberg
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Roberta Passiatore
- Group of Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Enrico D'Ambrosio
- Group of Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Linda A Antonucci
- Group of Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Jasmine S Bettina
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Qiang Chen
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Aaron L Goldman
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael D Gregory
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kira Griffiths
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- Holmusk Technologies, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas M Hyde
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joel E Kleinman
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Antonio F Pardiñas
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Madhur Parihar
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Teresa Popolizio
- Radiology Department, IRCCS Ospedale Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Antonio Rampino
- Group of Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Joo Heon Shin
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mattia Veronese
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - William S Ulrich
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Caroline F Zink
- Baltimore Research and Education Foundation, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alessandro Bertolino
- Group of Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Oliver D Howes
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Karen F Berman
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel R Weinberger
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Giulio Pergola
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Group of Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Wei SM, Gregory MD, Nash T, de Abreu e Gouvêa A, Mervis CB, Cole KM, Garvey MH, Kippenhan JS, Eisenberg DP, Kolachana B, Schmidt PJ, Berman KF. Altered pubertal timing in 7q11.23 copy number variations and associated genetic mechanisms. iScience 2024; 27:109113. [PMID: 38375233 PMCID: PMC10875153 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Pubertal timing, including age at menarche (AAM), is a heritable trait linked to lifetime health outcomes. Here, we investigate genetic mechanisms underlying AAM by combining genome-wide association study (GWAS) data with investigations of two rare genetic conditions clinically associated with altered AAM: Williams syndrome (WS), a 7q11.23 hemideletion characterized by early puberty; and duplication of the same genes (7q11.23 Duplication syndrome [Dup7]) characterized by delayed puberty. First, we confirm that AAM-derived polygenic scores in typically developing children (TD) explain a modest amount of variance in AAM (R2 = 0.09; p = 0.04). Next, we demonstrate that 7q11.23 copy number impacts AAM (WS < TD < Dup7; p = 1.2x10-8, η2 = 0.45) and pituitary volume (WS < TD < Dup7; p = 3x10-5, ηp2 = 0.2) with greater effect sizes. Finally, we relate an AAM-GWAS signal in 7q11.23 to altered expression in postmortem brains of STAG3L2 (p = 1.7x10-17), a gene we also find differentially expressed with 7q11.23 copy number (p = 0.03). Collectively, these data explicate the role of 7q11.23 in pubertal onset, with STAG3L2 and pituitary development as potential mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shau-Ming Wei
- Behavioral Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael D. Gregory
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tiffany Nash
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrea de Abreu e Gouvêa
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carolyn B. Mervis
- Neurodevelopmental Sciences Laboratory, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Katherine M. Cole
- Behavioral Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Madeline H. Garvey
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - J. Shane Kippenhan
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel P. Eisenberg
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bhaskar Kolachana
- Human Brain Collection Core, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Peter J. Schmidt
- Behavioral Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Karen F. Berman
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Iadarola MJ, Sapio MR, Loydpierson AJ, Mervis CB, Fehrenbacher JC, Vasko MR, Maric D, Eisenberg DP, Nash TA, Kippenhan JS, Garvey MH, Mannes AJ, Gregory MD, Berman KF. Syntaxin1A overexpression and pain insensitivity in individuals with 7q11.23 duplication syndrome. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e176147. [PMID: 38261410 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.176147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Genetic modifications leading to pain insensitivity phenotypes, while rare, provide invaluable insights into the molecular biology of pain and reveal targets for analgesic drugs. Pain insensitivity typically results from Mendelian loss-of-function mutations in genes expressed in nociceptive (pain-sensing) dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons that connect the body to the spinal cord. We document a pain insensitivity mechanism arising from gene overexpression in individuals with the rare 7q11.23 duplication syndrome (Dup7), who have 3 copies of the approximately 1.5-megabase Williams syndrome (WS) critical region. Based on parental accounts and pain ratings, people with Dup7, mainly children in this study, are pain insensitive following serious injury to skin, bones, teeth, or viscera. In contrast, diploid siblings (2 copies of the WS critical region) and individuals with WS (1 copy) show standard reactions to painful events. A converging series of human assessments and cross-species cell biological and transcriptomic studies identified 1 likely candidate in the WS critical region, STX1A, as underlying the pain insensitivity phenotype. STX1A codes for the synaptic vesicle fusion protein syntaxin1A. Excess syntaxin1A was demonstrated to compromise neuropeptide exocytosis from nociceptive DRG neurons. Taken together, these data indicate a mechanism for producing "genetic analgesia" in Dup7 and offer previously untargeted routes to pain control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Iadarola
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Matthew R Sapio
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Amelia J Loydpierson
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Carolyn B Mervis
- Neurodevelopmental Sciences Laboratory, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Jill C Fehrenbacher
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Michael R Vasko
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Dragan Maric
- Flow and Imaging Cytometry Core Facility, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), and
| | - Daniel P Eisenberg
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Tiffany A Nash
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - J Shane Kippenhan
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Madeline H Garvey
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrew J Mannes
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael D Gregory
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Karen F Berman
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Ianni AM, Eisenberg DP, Boorman ED, Constantino SM, Hegarty CE, Gregory MD, Masdeu JC, Kohn PD, Behrens TE, Berman KF. PET-measured human dopamine synthesis capacity and receptor availability predict trading rewards and time-costs during foraging. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6122. [PMID: 37777515 PMCID: PMC10542376 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41897-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Foraging behavior requires weighing costs of time to decide when to leave one reward patch to search for another. Computational and animal studies suggest that striatal dopamine is key to this process; however, the specific role of dopamine in foraging behavior in humans is not well characterized. We use positron emission tomography (PET) imaging to directly measure dopamine synthesis capacity and D1 and D2/3 receptor availability in 57 healthy adults who complete a computerized foraging task. Using voxelwise data and principal component analysis to identify patterns of variation across PET measures, we show that striatal D1 and D2/3 receptor availability and a pattern of mesolimbic and anterior cingulate cortex dopamine function are important for adjusting the threshold for leaving a patch to explore, with specific sensitivity to changes in travel time. These findings suggest a key role for dopamine in trading reward benefits against temporal costs to modulate behavioral adaptions to changes in the reward environment critical for foraging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Ianni
- Clinical & Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institutes of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Daniel P Eisenberg
- Clinical & Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institutes of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Erie D Boorman
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sara M Constantino
- Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
- School of Public Policy and Urban Affairs, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
- School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Catherine E Hegarty
- Clinical & Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institutes of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael D Gregory
- Clinical & Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institutes of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joseph C Masdeu
- Clinical & Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institutes of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Houston Methodist Institute for Academic Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Philip D Kohn
- Clinical & Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institutes of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Timothy E Behrens
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Karen F Berman
- Clinical & Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institutes of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Sportelli L, Eisenberg DP, Passiatore R, D'Ambrosio E, Antonucci LA, Chen Q, Czarapata J, Goldman AL, Gregory M, Griffiths K, Hyde TM, Kleinman JE, Pardiñas AF, Parihar M, Popolizio T, Rampino A, Shin JH, Veronese M, Ulrich WS, Zink CF, Bertolino A, Howes OD, Berman KF, Weinberger DR, Pergola G. Dopamine and schizophrenia from bench to bedside: Discovery of a striatal co-expression risk gene set that predicts in vivo measures of striatal function. bioRxiv 2023:2023.09.20.558594. [PMID: 37786720 PMCID: PMC10541621 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.20.558594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is characterized by a polygenic risk architecture implicating diverse molecular pathways important for synaptic function. However, how polygenic risk funnels through these pathways to translate into syndromic illness is unanswered. To evaluate biologically meaningful pathways of risk, we used tensor decomposition to characterize gene co-expression in post-mortem brain (of neurotypicals: N=154; patients with SCZ: N=84; and GTEX samples N=120) from caudate nucleus (CN), hippocampus (HP), and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). We identified a CN-predominant gene set showing dopaminergic selectivity that was enriched for genes associated with clinical state and for genes associated with SCZ risk. Parsing polygenic risk score for SCZ based on this specific gene set (parsed-PRS), we found that greater pathway-specific SCZ risk predicted greater in vivo striatal dopamine synthesis capacity measured by [ 18 F]-FDOPA PET in three independent cohorts of neurotypicals and patients (total N=235) and greater fMRI striatal activation during reward anticipation in two additional independent neurotypical cohorts (total N=141). These results reveal a 'bench to bedside' translation of dopamine-linked genetic risk variation in driving in vivo striatal neurochemical and hemodynamic phenotypes that have long been implicated in the pathophysiology of SCZ.
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Kippenhan JS, Gregory MD, Nash T, Kohn P, Mervis CB, Eisenberg DP, Garvey MH, Roe K, Morris CA, Kolachana B, Pani AM, Sorcher L, Berman KF. Dorsal visual stream and LIMK1: hemideletion, haplotype, and enduring effects in children with Williams syndrome. J Neurodev Disord 2023; 15:29. [PMID: 37633900 PMCID: PMC10464045 DOI: 10.1186/s11689-023-09493-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Williams syndrome (WS), a rare neurodevelopmental disorder caused by hemizygous deletion of ~ 25 genes from chromosomal band 7q11.23, affords an exceptional opportunity to study associations between a well-delineated genetic abnormality and a well-characterized neurobehavioral profile. Clinically, WS is typified by increased social drive (often termed "hypersociability") and severe visuospatial construction deficits. Previous studies have linked visuospatial problems in WS with alterations in the dorsal visual processing stream. We investigated the impacts of hemideletion and haplotype variation of LIMK1, a gene hemideleted in WS and linked to neuronal maturation and migration, on the structure and function of the dorsal stream, specifically the intraparietal sulcus (IPS), a region known to be altered in adults with WS. METHODS We tested for IPS structural and functional changes using longitudinal MRI in a developing cohort of children with WS (76 visits from 33 participants, compared to 280 visits from 94 typically developing age- and sex-matched participants) over the age range of 5-22. We also performed MRI studies of 12 individuals with rare, shorter hemideletions at 7q11.23, all of which included LIMK1. Finally, we tested for effects of LIMK1 variation on IPS structure and imputed LIMK1 expression in two independent cohorts of healthy individuals from the general population. RESULTS IPS structural (p < 10-4 FDR corrected) and functional (p < .05 FDR corrected) anomalies previously reported in adults were confirmed in children with WS, and, consistent with an enduring genetic mechanism, were stable from early childhood into adulthood. In the short hemideletion cohort, IPS deficits similar to those in WS were found, although effect sizes were smaller than those found in WS for both structural and functional findings. Finally, in each of the two general population cohorts stratified by LIMK1 haplotype, IPS gray matter volume (pdiscovery < 0.05 SVC, preplication = 0.0015) and imputed LIMK1 expression (pdiscovery = 10-15, preplication = 10-23) varied according to LIMK1 haplotype. CONCLUSIONS This work offers insight into neurobiological and genetic mechanisms responsible for the WS phenotype and also more generally provides a striking example of the mechanisms by which genetic variation, acting by means of molecular effects on a neural intermediary, can influence human cognition and, in some cases, lead to neurocognitive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Shane Kippenhan
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Michael D Gregory
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Tiffany Nash
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Philip Kohn
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Carolyn B Mervis
- Neurodevelopmental Sciences Laboratory, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Daniel P Eisenberg
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Madeline H Garvey
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Katherine Roe
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Colleen A Morris
- Department of Pediatrics, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine at UNLV, Las Vegas, NV, 89102, USA
| | - Bhaskar Kolachana
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Ariel M Pani
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Leah Sorcher
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Karen F Berman
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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Rubinstein DY, Eisenberg DP, Carver FW, Holroyd T, Apud JA, Coppola R, Berman KF. Spatiotemporal Alterations in Working Memory-Related Beta Band Neuromagnetic Activity of Patients With Schizophrenia On and Off Antipsychotic Medication: Investigation With MEG. Schizophr Bull 2023; 49:669-678. [PMID: 36772948 PMCID: PMC10154700 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbac178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS We used the uniquely high combined spatial and temporal resolution of magnetoencephalography to characterize working memory (WM)-related modulation of beta band activity in neuroleptic-free patients with schizophrenia in comparison to a large sample of performance-matched healthy controls. We also tested for effects of antipsychotic medication on identified differences in these same patients. STUDY DESIGN Inpatients with schizophrenia (n = 21) or psychotic disorder not otherwise specified (n = 4) completed N-back and control tasks during magnetoencephalography while on placebo and during antipsychotic medication treatment, in a blinded, randomized, counterbalanced manner. Healthy, performance-matched controls (N = 100) completed the same tasks. WM-related neural activation was estimated as beta band (14-30 Hz) desynchronization throughout the brain in successive 400 ms time windows. Voxel-wise statistical comparisons were performed between controls and patients while off-medication at each time window. Significant clusters resulting from this between-groups analysis were then used as regions-of-interest, the activations of which were compared between on- and off-medication conditions in patients. STUDY RESULTS Controls showed beta-band desynchronization (activation) of a fronto-parietal network immediately preceding correct button press responses-the time associated with WM updating and task execution. Altered activation in medication-free patients occurred largely during this time, in prefrontal, parietal, and visual cortices. Medication altered patients' neural responses such that the activation time courses in these regions-of-interest more closely resembled those of controls. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that WM-related beta band alterations in schizophrenia are time-specific and associated with neural systems targeted by antipsychotic medications. Future studies may investigate this association by examining its potential neurochemical basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Y Rubinstein
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel P Eisenberg
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Tom Holroyd
- MEG Core Facility, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jose A Apud
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Richard Coppola
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA
- MEG Core Facility, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Karen F Berman
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA
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9
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Hegarty CE, Ianni AM, Kohn PD, Kolachana B, Gregory M, Masdeu JC, Eisenberg DP, Berman KF. Polymorphism in the ZNF804A Gene and Variation in D 1 and D 2/D 3 Dopamine Receptor Availability in the Healthy Human Brain: A Dual Positron Emission Tomography Study. Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging 2023; 8:121-128. [PMID: 33712377 PMCID: PMC10501410 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rs1344706 single nucleotide polymorphism in the ZNF804A gene has been associated with risk for psychosis in multiple genome-wide association studies, yet mechanisms underlying this association are not known. Given preclinical work suggesting an impact of ZNF804A on dopamine receptor gene transcription and clinical studies establishing dopaminergic dysfunction in patients with schizophrenia, we hypothesized that the ZNF804A risk single nucleotide polymorphism would be associated with variation in dopamine receptor availability in the human brain. METHODS In this study, 72 healthy individuals genotyped for rs1344706 completed both [18F]fallypride and [11C]NNC-112 positron emission tomography scans to measure D2/D3 and D1 receptor availability, respectively. Genetic effects on estimates of binding potential for each ligand were tested first with canonical subject-specific striatal regions of interest analyses, followed by exploratory whole-brain voxelwise analyses to test for more localized striatal signals and for extrastriatal effects. RESULTS Region of interest analyses revealed significantly less D2/D3 receptor availability in risk-allele homozygotes (TT) compared with non-risk allele carriers (G-allele carrier group: TG and GG) in the associative striatum and sensorimotor striatum, but no significant differences in striatal D1 receptor availability. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that ZNF804A genotype may be meaningfully linked to dopaminergic function in the human brain. The results also may provide information to guide future studies of ZNF804A-related mechanisms of schizophrenia risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine E Hegarty
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland; Neuroscience Graduate Program, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Angela M Ianni
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Philip D Kohn
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Bhaskar Kolachana
- Human Brain Collection Core, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Michael Gregory
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joseph C Masdeu
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Daniel P Eisenberg
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Karen F Berman
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland.
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10
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Eisenberg DP, Lopez G, Gregory MD, Berman KF, Sidransky E. Comparison of Transcranial Sonography and [ 18 F]-Fluorodopa PET Imaging in GBA1 Mutation Carriers. Mov Disord 2022; 37:629-634. [PMID: 34762337 PMCID: PMC8940604 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in GBA1 are a common genetic risk factor for parkinsonism; however, penetrance is incomplete, and biomarkers of future progression to parkinsonism are needed. Both nigral sonography and striatal [18 F]-FDOPA PET assay dopamine system health, but their utility and coherence in this context are unclear. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to evaluate the utility and coherence of these modalities in GBA1-associated parkinsonism. METHODS A total of 34 patients with GBA1 mutations (7 with parkinsonism) underwent both transcranial studies for substantia nigra echogenicity and [18 F]-FDOPA PET to determine striatal tracer-specific uptake (Ki ). RESULTS Larger nigral echogenic areas and reduced striatal Ki were exclusively observed in parkinsonian patients. Sonographic and PET measurements showed strong inverse correlations but only in individuals with clinical parkinsonism. CONCLUSIONS Close correspondence between nigral echogenicity and striatal presynaptic dopamine synthesis capacity observed only in GBA1 carriers with parkinsonism provides validation that these two modalities may conjointly capture aspects of the biology underlying clinical parkinsonism but raises questions about their utility as predictive tools in at-risk subjects. © 2022 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P. Eisenberg
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Grisel Lopez
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Institutes of Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Michael D. Gregory
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Karen F. Berman
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Ellen Sidransky
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Institutes of Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD,Corresponding author: Ellen Sidransky, MD, Chief, Medical Genetics Branch, NIH, Bld 35A, Room 1E623, 35 Convent Drive, MSC3708, Bethesda, MD, 20892-3708, Phone: 301-451-0901,
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11
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Blackman RK, Dickinson D, Eisenberg DP, Gregory MD, Apud JA, Berman KF. Antipsychotic medication-mediated cognitive change in schizophrenia and polygenic score for cognitive ability. Schizophr Res Cogn 2022; 27:100223. [PMID: 34820293 PMCID: PMC8602047 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2021.100223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Karen F. Berman
- Corresponding author at: Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Intramural Research Program, 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 10, Room 3C103A, Bethesda, MD 20892-1365, USA.
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12
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Gregory MD, Eisenberg DP, Hamborg M, Kippenhan JS, Kohn P, Kolachana B, Dickinson D, Berman KF. Neanderthal-derived genetic variation in living humans relates to schizophrenia diagnosis, to psychotic symptom severity, and to dopamine synthesis. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2021; 186:329-338. [PMID: 34487600 PMCID: PMC8454493 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia has been hypothesized to be a human-specific condition, but experimental approaches to testing this idea have been limited. Because Neanderthals, our closest evolutionary relatives, interbred with modern humans prior to their disappearance from the fossil record, leaving a residual echo that survives in our DNA today, we leveraged new discoveries about ancient hominid DNA to explore this hypothesis in living people in three converging ways. First, in four independent case-control datasets totaling 9,362 individuals, individuals with schizophrenia had less Neanderthal-derived genetic variation than controls (p = .044). Second, in 49 unmedicated inpatients with schizophrenia, having more Neanderthal admixture predicted less severe positive symptoms (p = .046). Finally, using 18 F-fluorodopa PET scanning in 172 healthy individuals, having greater Neanderthal introgression was significantly associated with lower dopamine synthesis capacity in the striatum and pons (p's < 2 × 10-5 ), which is fundamentally important in the pathophysiology and treatment of psychosis. These results may help to elucidate the evolutionary history of a devastating neuropsychiatric disease by supporting the notion of schizophrenia as a human-specific condition. Additionally, the relationship between Neanderthal admixture and dopamine function suggests a potential mechanism whereby Neanderthal admixture may have affected our gene pool to alter schizophrenia risk and/or course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D. Gregory
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA,Corresponding author: Michael D. Gregory, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive 3C-216, Bethesda, MD, 20892; ; phone: 301-402-1371
| | - Daniel P. Eisenberg
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Madeline Hamborg
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - J. Shane Kippenhan
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Philip Kohn
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bhaskar Kolachana
- Human Brain Collection Core, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dwight Dickinson
- Psychosis and Cognitive Studies Section, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Karen F. Berman
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA,Psychosis and Cognitive Studies Section, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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13
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Chen G, Nash TA, Cole KM, Kohn PD, Wei SM, Gregory MD, Eisenberg DP, Cox RW, Berman KF, Shane Kippenhan J. Beyond linearity in neuroimaging: Capturing nonlinear relationships with application to longitudinal studies. Neuroimage 2021; 233:117891. [PMID: 33667672 PMCID: PMC8284193 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.117891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitous adoption of linearity for quantitative predictors in statistical modeling is likely attributable to its advantages of straightforward interpretation and computational feasibility. The linearity assumption may be a reasonable approximation especially when the variable is confined within a narrow range, but it can be problematic when the variable's effect is non-monotonic or complex. Furthermore, visualization and model assessment of a linear fit are usually omitted because of challenges at the whole brain level in neuroimaging. By adopting a principle of learning from the data in the presence of uncertainty to resolve the problematic aspects of conventional polynomial fitting, we introduce a flexible and adaptive approach of multilevel smoothing splines (MSS) to capture any nonlinearity of a quantitative predictor for population-level neuroimaging data analysis. With no prior knowledge regarding the underlying relationship other than a parsimonious assumption about the extent of smoothness (e.g., no sharp corners), we express the unknown relationship with a sufficient number of smoothing splines and use the data to adaptively determine the specifics of the nonlinearity. In addition to introducing the theoretical framework of MSS as an efficient approach with a counterbalance between flexibility and stability, we strive to (a) lay out the specific schemes for population-level nonlinear analyses that may involve task (e.g., contrasting conditions) and subject-grouping (e.g., patients vs controls) factors; (b) provide modeling accommodations to adaptively reveal, estimate and compare any nonlinear effects of a predictor across the brain, or to more accurately account for the effects (including nonlinear effects) of a quantitative confound; (c) offer the associated program 3dMSS to the neuroimaging community for whole-brain voxel-wise analysis as part of the AFNI suite; and (d) demonstrate the modeling approach and visualization processes with a longitudinal dataset of structural MRI scans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- Scientific and Statistical Computing Core, National Institute of Mental Health, USA.
| | - Tiffany A Nash
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, USA
| | - Katherine M Cole
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, USA; Section on Behavioral Endocrinology, National Institute of Mental Health, USA
| | - Philip D Kohn
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, USA
| | - Shau-Ming Wei
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, USA; Section on Behavioral Endocrinology, National Institute of Mental Health, USA
| | - Michael D Gregory
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, USA
| | - Daniel P Eisenberg
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, USA
| | - Robert W Cox
- Scientific and Statistical Computing Core, National Institute of Mental Health, USA
| | - Karen F Berman
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, USA
| | - J Shane Kippenhan
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, USA
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14
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Gregory MD, Kippenhan JS, Kohn P, Eisenberg DP, Callicott JH, Kolachana B, Berman KF. Neanderthal-Derived Genetic Variation is Associated with Functional Connectivity in the Brains of Living Humans. Brain Connect 2020; 11:38-44. [PMID: 33218283 DOI: 10.1089/brain.2020.0809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To determine whether Neanderthal-derived genetic variation relates to functional connectivity patterns in the brains of living modern humans. Introduction: Nearly 50,000 years ago, Neanderthals interbred with ancestors of modern humans, imparting a genetic legacy that lives on today. The vestiges of this Neanderthal-derived genetic variation have been previously shown to be enriched in genes coding for neurogenesis and myelination and to alter skull shape and brain structure in living people. Materials and Methods: Using two independent cohorts totaling 553 healthy individuals, we employed multivariate distance matrix regression (MDMR) to determine whether any brain areas exhibited whole-brain functional connectivity patterns that significantly related to the degree of Neanderthal introgression. Identified clusters were then used as regions of interest in follow-up seed-based functional connectivity analyses to determine the connectivity patterns driving the relationships. Results: The MDMR analysis revealed that the percentage of Neanderthal-originating polymorphisms was significantly associated with the functional connectivity patterns of an area of the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) that was nearly identical in both cohorts. Using these IPS clusters as regions of interest in seed-based connectivity analyses, we found, again in both cohorts, that individuals with a higher proportion of Neanderthal-derived genetic variation showed increased IPS functional connectivity with visual processing regions, but decreased IPS connectivity with regions underlying social cognition. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that the remnants of Neanderthal admixture continue to influence human brain function today, in ways that are consistent with anthropological conceptualizations of Neanderthal phenotypes, including the possibility that Neanderthals may have depended upon visual processing capabilities at the expense of social cognition, and this may have contributed to the extinction of this species through reduced cultural maintenance and inability to cope with fluctuating resources. This and other studies capitalizing on the emerging science surrounding ancient DNA provide a window through which to view an ancient lineage long past.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Gregory
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging and Clinical and Translational Neurosciences Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - J Shane Kippenhan
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging and Clinical and Translational Neurosciences Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Philip Kohn
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging and Clinical and Translational Neurosciences Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Daniel P Eisenberg
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging and Clinical and Translational Neurosciences Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Joseph H Callicott
- Psychosis and Cognitive Studies Section, Clinical and Translational Neurosciences Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Bhaskar Kolachana
- Human Brain Collection Core, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Karen F Berman
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging and Clinical and Translational Neurosciences Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Psychosis and Cognitive Studies Section, Clinical and Translational Neurosciences Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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15
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Eisenberg DP, Gregory MD, Berman KF. Subcortical Signatures of Hemizygosity and Psychosis in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome: Finding Common Ground in Rare Genetic Variation. Am J Psychiatry 2020; 177:564-566. [PMID: 32605438 PMCID: PMC9583700 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2020.20050598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P. Eisenberg
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, NIMH, Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, Md
| | - Michael D. Gregory
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, NIMH, Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, Md
| | - Karen F. Berman
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, NIMH, Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, Md
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16
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Gregory MD, Mervis CB, Elliott ML, Kippenhan JS, Nash T, B Czarapata J, Prabhakaran R, Roe K, Eisenberg DP, Kohn PD, Berman KF. Williams syndrome hemideletion and LIMK1 variation both affect dorsal stream functional connectivity. Brain 2020; 142:3963-3974. [PMID: 31687737 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Williams syndrome is a rare genetic disorder caused by hemizygous deletion of ∼1.6 Mb affecting 26 genes on chromosome 7 (7q11.23) and is clinically typified by two cognitive/behavioural hallmarks: marked visuospatial deficits relative to verbal and non-verbal reasoning abilities and hypersocial personality. Clear knowledge of the circumscribed set of genes that are affected in Williams syndrome, along with the well-characterized neurobehavioural phenotype, offers the potential to elucidate neurogenetic principles that may apply in genetically and clinically more complex settings. The intraparietal sulcus, in the dorsal visual processing stream, has been shown to be structurally and functionally altered in Williams syndrome, providing a target for investigating resting-state functional connectivity and effects of specific genes hemideleted in Williams syndrome. Here, we tested for effects of the LIMK1 gene, deleted in Williams syndrome and important for neuronal maturation and migration, on intraparietal sulcus functional connectivity. We first defined a target brain phenotype by comparing intraparietal sulcus resting functional connectivity in individuals with Williams syndrome, in whom LIMK1 is hemideleted, with typically developing children. Then in two separate cohorts from the general population, we asked whether intraparietal sulcus functional connectivity patterns similar to those found in Williams syndrome were associated with sequence variation of the LIMK1 gene. Four independent between-group comparisons of resting-state functional MRI data (total n = 510) were performed: (i) 20 children with Williams syndrome compared to 20 age- and sex-matched typically developing children; (ii) a discovery cohort of 99 healthy adults stratified by LIMK1 haplotype; (iii) a replication cohort of 32 healthy adults also stratified by LIMK1 haplotype; and (iv) 339 healthy adolescent children stratified by LIMK1 haplotype. For between-group analyses, differences in intraparietal sulcus resting-state functional connectivity were calculated comparing children with Williams syndrome to matched typically developing children and comparing LIMK1 haplotype groups in each of the three general population cohorts separately. Consistent with the visuospatial construction impairment and hypersocial personality that typify Williams syndrome, the Williams syndrome cohort exhibited opposite patterns of intraparietal sulcus functional connectivity with visual processing regions and social processing regions: decreased circuit function in the former and increased circuit function in the latter. All three general population groups also showed LIMK1 haplotype-related differences in intraparietal sulcus functional connectivity localized to the fusiform gyrus, a visual processing region also identified in the Williams syndrome-typically developing comparison. These results suggest a neurogenetic mechanism, in part involving LIMK1, that may bias neural circuit function in both the general population and individuals with Williams syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Gregory
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carolyn B Mervis
- Neurodevelopmental Sciences Laboratory, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Maxwell L Elliott
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - J Shane Kippenhan
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tiffany Nash
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jasmin B Czarapata
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ranjani Prabhakaran
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Katherine Roe
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel P Eisenberg
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Philip D Kohn
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Karen F Berman
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Psychosis and Cognitive Studies Section, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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17
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Dickinson D, Zaidman SR, Giangrande EJ, Eisenberg DP, Gregory MD, Berman KF. Distinct Polygenic Score Profiles in Schizophrenia Subgroups With Different Trajectories of Cognitive Development. Am J Psychiatry 2020; 177:298-307. [PMID: 31838871 PMCID: PMC9627722 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2019.19050527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Different cognitive development histories in schizophrenia may reflect variation across dimensions of genetic influence. The authors derived and characterized cognitive development trajectory subgroups within a schizophrenia sample and profiled the subgroups across polygenic scores (PGSs) for schizophrenia, cognition, educational attainment, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHODS Demographic, clinical, and genetic data were collected at the National Institute of Mental Health from 540 schizophrenia patients, 247 unaffected siblings, and 844 control subjects. Cognitive trajectory subgroups were derived through cluster analysis using estimates of premorbid and current IQ. PGSs were generated using standard methods. Associations were tested using general linear models and logistic regression. RESULTS Cluster analyses identified three cognitive trajectory subgroups in the schizophrenia group: preadolescent cognitive impairment (19%), adolescent disruption of cognitive development (44%), and cognitively stable adolescent development (37%). Together, the four PGSs significantly predicted 7.9% of the variance in subgroup membership. Subgroup characteristics converged with genetic patterns. Cognitively stable individuals had the best adult clinical outcomes and differed from control subjects only in schizophrenia PGSs. Those with adolescent disruption of cognitive development showed the most severe symptoms after diagnosis and were cognitively impaired. This subgroup had the highest schizophrenia PGSs and had disadvantageous cognitive PGSs relative to control subjects and cognitively stable individuals. Individuals showing preadolescent impairment in cognitive and academic performance and poor adult outcome exhibited a generalized PGS disadvantage relative to control subjects and were the only subgroup to differ significantly in education and ADHD PGSs. CONCLUSIONS Subgroups derived from patterns of premorbid and current IQ showed different premorbid and clinical characteristics, which converged with broad genetic profiles. Simultaneous analysis of multiple PGSs may contribute to useful clinical stratification in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dwight Dickinson
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH
| | - Sofia R. Zaidman
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH
| | - Evan J. Giangrande
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH
| | - Daniel P. Eisenberg
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH
| | - Michael D. Gregory
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH
| | - Karen F. Berman
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH
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Lopez G, Eisenberg DP, Gregory MD, Ianni AM, Grogans SE, Masdeu JC, Kim J, Groden C, Sidransky E, Berman KF. Longitudinal Positron Emission Tomography of Dopamine Synthesis in Subjects with GBA1 Mutations. Ann Neurol 2020; 87:652-657. [PMID: 32030791 DOI: 10.1002/ana.25692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in GBA1, the gene mutated in Gaucher disease, are a common genetic risk factor for Parkinson disease, although the penetrance is low. We performed [18 F]-fluorodopa positron emission tomography studies of 57 homozygous and heterozygous GBA1 mutation carriers (15 with parkinsonism) and 98 controls looking for early indications of dopamine loss using voxelwise analyses to identify group differences in striatal [18 F]-fluorodopa uptake (Ki ). Forty-eight subjects were followed longitudinally. Cross-sectional and longitudinal comparisons of Ki and Ki change found significant effects of Parkinson disease. However, at baseline and over time, striatal [18 F]-fluorodopa uptake in mutation carriers without parkinsonism did not significantly differ from controls. ANN NEUROL 2020;87:652-657.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grisel Lopez
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Daniel P Eisenberg
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Michael D Gregory
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Angela M Ianni
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Shannon E Grogans
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Joseph C Masdeu
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jenny Kim
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Catherine Groden
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Ellen Sidransky
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Karen F Berman
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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Eisenberg DP, Berman KF. Connections With Connections: Dopaminergic Correlates of Neural Network Properties. Biol Psychiatry 2019; 85:366-367. [PMID: 30732679 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Eisenberg
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Karen F Berman
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland.
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20
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Gregory MD, Kolachana B, Yao Y, Nash T, Dickinson D, Eisenberg DP, Mervis CB, Berman KF. A method for determining haploid and triploid genotypes and their association with vascular phenotypes in Williams syndrome and 7q11.23 duplication syndrome. BMC Med Genet 2018; 19:53. [PMID: 29614955 PMCID: PMC5883342 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-018-0563-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Williams syndrome ([WS], 7q11.23 hemideletion) and 7q11.23 duplication syndrome (Dup7) show contrasting syndromic symptoms. However, within each group there is considerable interindividual variability in the degree to which these phenotypes are expressed. Though software exists to identify areas of copy number variation (CNV) from commonly-available SNP-chip data, this software does not provide non-diploid genotypes in CNV regions. Here, we describe a method for identifying haploid and triploid genotypes in CNV regions, and then, as a proof-of-concept for applying this information to explain clinical variability, we test for genotype-phenotype associations. Methods Blood samples for 25 individuals with WS and 13 individuals with Dup7 were genotyped with Illumina-HumanOmni5M SNP-chips. PennCNV and in-house code were used to make genotype calls for each SNP in the 7q11.23 locus. We tested for association between the presence of aortic arteriopathy and genotypes of the remaining (haploid in WS) or duplicated (triploid in Dup7) alleles. Results Haploid calls in the 7q11.23 region were made for 99.0% of SNPs in the WS group, and triploid calls for 98.8% of SNPs in those with Dup7. The G allele of SNP rs2528795 in the ELN gene was associated with aortic stenosis in WS participants (p < 0.0049) while the A allele of the same SNP was associated with aortic dilation in Dup7. Conclusions Commonly available SNP-chip information can be used to make haploid and triploid calls in individuals with CNVs and then to relate variability in specific genes to variability in syndromic phenotypes, as demonstrated here using aortic arteriopathy. This work sets the stage for similar genotype-phenotype analyses in CNVs where phenotypes may be more complex and/or where there is less information about genetic mechanisms. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12881-018-0563-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Gregory
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive 3C-216, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Bhaskar Kolachana
- Human Brain Collection Core, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yin Yao
- Statistical Genomics Core, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tiffany Nash
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive 3C-216, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Dwight Dickinson
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive 3C-216, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Daniel P Eisenberg
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive 3C-216, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Carolyn B Mervis
- Neurodevelopmental Sciences Laboratory, Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Karen F Berman
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive 3C-216, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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21
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Wei SM, Eisenberg DP, Nabel KG, Kohn PD, Kippenhan JS, Dickinson D, Kolachana B, Berman KF. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Val66Met Polymorphism Affects the Relationship Between an Anxiety-Related Personality Trait and Resting Regional Cerebral Blood Flow. Cereb Cortex 2017; 27:2175-2182. [PMID: 27005989 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhw072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is an important modulator of constitutive stress responses mediated by limbic frontotemporal circuits, and its gene contains a functional polymorphism (Val66Met) that may influence trait stress sensitivity. Reports of an association of this polymorphism with anxiety-related personality traits have been controversial and without clear neurophysiological support. We, therefore, determined the relationship between resting regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and a well-validated measure of anxiety-related personality, the TPQ Harm Avoidance (HA) scale, as a function of BDNF Val66Met genotype. Sixty-four healthy participants of European ancestry underwent resting H215O positron emission tomography scans. For each genotype group separately, we first determined the relationship between participants' HA scores and their resting rCBF values in each voxel across the entire brain, and then directly compared these HA-rCBF relationships between Val66Met genotype groups. HA-rCBF relationships differed between Val homozygotes and Met carriers in several regions relevant to stress regulation: subgenual cingulate, orbital frontal cortex, and the hippocampal/parahippocampal region. In each of these areas, the relationship was positive in Val homozygotes and negative in Met carriers. These data demonstrate a coupling between trait anxiety and basal resting blood flow in frontolimbic neurocircuitry that may be determined in part by genetically mediated BDNF signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shau-Ming Wei
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging.,Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, NIMH IRP, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel P Eisenberg
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging.,Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, NIMH IRP, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Katherine G Nabel
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging.,Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, NIMH IRP, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Philip D Kohn
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging.,Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, NIMH IRP, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - J Shane Kippenhan
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging.,Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, NIMH IRP, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dwight Dickinson
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, NIMH IRP, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bhaskar Kolachana
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, NIMH IRP, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Karen F Berman
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging.,Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, NIMH IRP, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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22
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Eisenberg DP, Ianni AM, Wei SM, Kohn PD, Kolachana B, Apud J, Weinberger DR, Berman KF. Hippocampal dysfunction in schizophrenia: association with brain-derived neurotrophic factor genotype. Mol Psychiatry 2013; 18:631. [PMID: 23698315 PMCID: PMC4215702 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2013.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- DP Eisenberg
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA,Clinical Brain Disorders Branch, Genes, Cognition and Psychosis Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - AM Ianni
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA,Clinical Brain Disorders Branch, Genes, Cognition and Psychosis Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - S-M Wei
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA,Clinical Brain Disorders Branch, Genes, Cognition and Psychosis Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - PD Kohn
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA,Clinical Brain Disorders Branch, Genes, Cognition and Psychosis Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - B Kolachana
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA,Clinical Brain Disorders Branch, Genes, Cognition and Psychosis Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - J Apud
- Clinical Brain Disorders Branch, Genes, Cognition and Psychosis Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - DR Weinberger
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - KF Berman
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA,Clinical Brain Disorders Branch, Genes, Cognition and Psychosis Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA
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23
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Goker-Alpan O, Masdeu JC, Kohn PD, Ianni A, Lopez G, Groden C, Chapman MC, Cropp B, Eisenberg DP, Maniwang ED, Davis J, Wiggs E, Sidransky E, Berman KF. The neurobiology of glucocerebrosidase-associated parkinsonism: a positron emission tomography study of dopamine synthesis and regional cerebral blood flow. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 135:2440-8. [PMID: 22843412 DOI: 10.1093/brain/aws174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in GBA, the gene encoding glucocerebrosidase, the enzyme deficient in Gaucher disease, are common risk factors for Parkinson disease, as patients with Parkinson disease are over five times more likely to carry GBA mutations than healthy controls. Patients with GBA mutations generally have an earlier onset of Parkinson disease and more cognitive impairment than those without GBA mutations. We investigated whether GBA mutations alter the neurobiology of Parkinson disease, studying brain dopamine synthesis and resting regional cerebral blood flow in 107 subjects (38 women, 69 men). We measured dopamine synthesis with (18)F-fluorodopa positron emission tomography, and resting regional cerebral blood flow with H(2)(15)O positron emission tomography in the wakeful, resting state in four study groups: (i) patients with Parkinson disease and Gaucher disease (n = 7, average age = 56.6 ± 9.2 years); (ii) patients with Parkinson disease without GBA mutations (n = 11, 62.1 ± 7.1 years); (iii) patients with Gaucher disease without parkinsonism, but with a family history of Parkinson disease (n = 14, 52.6 ± 12.4 years); and (iv) healthy GBA-mutation carriers with a family history of Parkinson disease (n = 7, 50.1 ± 18 years). We compared each study group with a matched control group. Data were analysed with region of interest and voxel-based methods. Disease duration and Parkinson disease functional and staging scores were similar in the two groups with parkinsonism, as was striatal dopamine synthesis: both had greatest loss in the caudal striatum (putamen Ki loss: 44 and 42%, respectively), with less reduction in the caudate (20 and 18% loss). However, the group with both Parkinson and Gaucher diseases showed decreased resting regional cerebral blood flow in the lateral parieto-occipital association cortex and precuneus bilaterally. Furthermore, two subjects with Gaucher disease without parkinsonian manifestations showed diminished striatal dopamine. In conclusion, the pattern of dopamine loss in patients with both Parkinson and Gaucher disease was similar to sporadic Parkinson disease, indicating comparable damage in midbrain neurons. However, H(2)(15)O positron emission tomography studies indicated that these subjects have decreased resting activity in a pattern characteristic of diffuse Lewy body disease. These findings provide insight into the pathophysiology of GBA-associated parkinsonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Goker-Alpan
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, NHGRI Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health,Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Eisenberg DP, Aniskin DB, White L, Stein JA, Harvey PD, Galynker II. Structural differences within negative and depressive syndrome dimensions in schizophrenia, organic brain disease, and major depression: A confirmatory factor analysis of the positive and negative syndrome scale. Psychopathology 2009; 42:242-8. [PMID: 19451757 PMCID: PMC2705906 DOI: 10.1159/000218522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2007] [Accepted: 04/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The emerging dimensional approach to classification and treatment of psychiatric disorders calls for better understanding of diagnosis-related variations in psychiatric syndromes and for proper validation of psychometric scales used for the evaluation of those syndromes. This study tested the hypothesis that negative and depressive syndromes as measured by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) are consistent across different diagnoses. METHOD We administered the PANSS to subjects with schizophrenia (n = 305), organic brain disease (OBD, n = 66) and major depressive disorder (MDD, n = 75). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to establish if the PANSS items for negative symptoms and for depression fit the hypothesized factor structure and if the item factor loadings were similar among the diagnostic groups. RESULTS The negative and depressive symptom subscales fit well according to a variety of fit indexes for all groups individually after some modest model modification. However, multisample modeling procedures indicated that the pattern of factor loadings was significantly different among the groups in most cases. CONCLUSION The results of this study indicate diagnosis-related variations in the negative and depressive syndrome dimensions in schizophrenia, OBD and MDD. These results also validate limited use of the PANSS for evaluation of negative and depressive syndromes in disorders other than schizophrenia. Larger studies are warranted to further evaluate clinical and nosologic significance of diagnostic categories, dimensions and structures of psychiatric syndromes.
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Prosser JM, Steinfeld M, Cohen LJ, Derbyshire S, Eisenberg DP, Cruciani RA, Galynker II. Abnormal heat and pain perception in remitted heroin dependence months after detoxification from methadone-maintenance. Drug Alcohol Depend 2008; 95:237-44. [PMID: 18353568 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2007] [Revised: 01/16/2008] [Accepted: 01/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Patients receiving methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) for opiate dependence have altered nociception, complicating analgesic treatment. Increasing numbers of patients are choosing opiate-free treatment programs, yet data on the course of this abnormality months after detoxification from methadone is contradictory and based exclusively on cold pressor experiments. Heat and pain thresholds were measured by quantitative sensory testing (QST) in 23 subjects with heroin dependence in full, sustained remission months after detoxification from methadone and 27 healthy non-drug using controls. Self reports of pain intensity and unpleasantness were also collected. Test scores were compared across groups and correlated with measures of drug use history. There were significant differences between remitted opiate-dependent subjects and controls on the measures of heat threshold (38.83 vs. 35.96; Mann-Whitney U=177.5, p=0.006), and the measure of pain threshold (48.73 vs. 47.62; Mann-Whitney U=217.5, p=0.043). There was no correlation of any measure of drug use history with the heat or pain experience. Abstinent, formerly opioid-dependent patients continue to demonstrate abnormal noxious perception months after detoxification from methadone.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Prosser
- The Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Beth Israel Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, First Avenue at 16th Street, New York, NY 10003, United States.
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Milak MS, Aniskin DB, Eisenberg DP, Prikhojan A, Cohen LJ, Yard SS, Galynker II. The negative syndrome as a dimension: factor analyses of PANSS in major depressive disorder and organic brain disease compared with negative syndrome structures found in the schizophrenia literature. Cogn Behav Neurol 2007; 20:113-20. [PMID: 17558255 DOI: 10.1097/wnn.0b013e3180653c35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the concept of the negative syndrome as a dimensional entity that exists in multiple primary diagnoses, and to compare the negative syndrome in nonschizophrenic disorders and schizophrenia. BACKGROUND Although initially considered specific to schizophrenia, the negative syndrome has subsequently been described in major depression, stroke, and dementia. METHOD We performed an exploratory factor analysis on Positive and Negative Symptom Scale scores of 82 subjects with major depressive disorder and 76 subjects with organic brain disease (dementia or stroke). RESULTS The examination of the resultant symptom clusters revealed that the structure of the negative syndrome in major depressive disorder and organic brain disease closely corresponded to that in schizophrenia literature. CONCLUSIONS The negative syndrome may be a nosologic entity, which remains fairly consistent across psychotic and nonpsychotic diagnostic categories. Confirmatory studies are merited to determine the degree and strength of the similarity in structure of the negative syndrome in psychotic, affective, and cognitive illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S Milak
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, NY 10003, USA
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Adusumilli PS, Eisenberg DP, Stiles BM, Hendershott KJ, Stanziale SF, Chan MK, Hezel M, Huq R, Rusch VW, Fong Y. Virally-directed fluorescent imaging (VFI) can facilitate endoscopic staging. Surg Endosc 2006; 20:628-35. [PMID: 16446989 PMCID: PMC1435379 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-005-0259-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2005] [Accepted: 11/15/2005] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Replication-competent, tumor specific herpes simplex virus NV1066 expresses green fluorescent protein (GFP) in infected cancer cells. We sought to determine the feasibility of GFP-guided imaging technology in the intraoperative detection of small tumor nodules. METHODS Human cancer cell lines were infected with NV1066 at multiplicities of infection of 0.01, 0.1 and 1. Cancer cell specific infectivity, vector spread and GFP signal intensity were measured by flow cytometry and time-lapse digital imaging (in vitro); and by use of a stereomicroscope and endoscope equipped with a fluorescent filter (in vivo). RESULTS NV1066 infected all cancer cell lines and expressed GFP at all MOIs. GFP signal was significantly higher than the autofluorescence of normal cells. One single dose of NV1066 spread within and across body cavities and selectively infected tumor nodules sparing normal tissue. Tumor nodules undetectable by conventional thoracoscopy and laparoscopy were identified by GFP fluorescence. CONCLUSION Virally-directed fluorescent imaging (VFI) is a real-time novel molecular imaging technology that has the potential to enhance the intraoperative detection of endoluminal or endocavitary tumor nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Adusumilli
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
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Eisenberg DP, London ED, Matochik JA, Derbyshire S, Cohen LJ, Steinfeld M, Prosser J, Galynker II. Education-associated cortical glucose metabolism during sustained attention. Neuroreport 2005; 16:1473-6. [PMID: 16110274 PMCID: PMC2254316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Despite research suggesting that education may mitigate cognitive sequelae of neural injury, little is known about interactions between education and regional brain function. We examined whether educational experience is associated with relative glucose metabolism in brain regions that are important for sustained attention and learning. Fourteen healthy adults, with 12-18 years of schooling, underwent positron emission tomography scanning with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose during an auditory continuous discrimination task. Years of education correlated positively with relative glucose metabolism in the lingual gyri (bilaterally), left posterior cingulate gyrus, and left precuneus. Previously, these structures have shown early impairment in dementia. Further investigation should explore whether metabolic changes in these regions contribute to the possible protective effect of education on cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Eisenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Beth Israel Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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Tuorto S, Hezel M, Marsh L, Eisenberg DP, Adusumilli PS. Generic drugs. Natl Med J India 2005; 18:210-1. [PMID: 16252554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
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Eisenberg DP, Adusumilli PS. Physicians and presidential politics. Natl Med J India 2004; 17:335. [PMID: 15736560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
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