1
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Leusmann S, Ménová P, Shanin E, Titz A, Rademacher C. Glycomimetics for the inhibition and modulation of lectins. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:3663-3740. [PMID: 37232696 PMCID: PMC10243309 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00954d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are essential mediators of many processes in health and disease. They regulate self-/non-self- discrimination, are key elements of cellular communication, cancer, infection and inflammation, and determine protein folding, function and life-times. Moreover, they are integral to the cellular envelope for microorganisms and participate in biofilm formation. These diverse functions of carbohydrates are mediated by carbohydrate-binding proteins, lectins, and the more the knowledge about the biology of these proteins is advancing, the more interfering with carbohydrate recognition becomes a viable option for the development of novel therapeutics. In this respect, small molecules mimicking this recognition process become more and more available either as tools for fostering our basic understanding of glycobiology or as therapeutics. In this review, we outline the general design principles of glycomimetic inhibitors (Section 2). This section is then followed by highlighting three approaches to interfere with lectin function, i.e. with carbohydrate-derived glycomimetics (Section 3.1), novel glycomimetic scaffolds (Section 3.2) and allosteric modulators (Section 3.3). We summarize recent advances in design and application of glycomimetics for various classes of lectins of mammalian, viral and bacterial origin. Besides highlighting design principles in general, we showcase defined cases in which glycomimetics have been advanced to clinical trials or marketed. Additionally, emerging applications of glycomimetics for targeted protein degradation and targeted delivery purposes are reviewed in Section 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Leusmann
- Chemical Biology of Carbohydrates (CBCH), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
- Department of Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Petra Ménová
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Elena Shanin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Biocenter 5, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Titz
- Chemical Biology of Carbohydrates (CBCH), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
- Department of Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Christoph Rademacher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Biocenter 5, 1030 Vienna, Austria
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2
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Antonini G, Civera M, Lal K, Mazzotta S, Varrot A, Bernardi A, Belvisi L. Glycomimetic antagonists of BC2L-C lectin: insights from molecular dynamics simulations. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1201630. [PMID: 37325481 PMCID: PMC10264699 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1201630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Opportunistic infections from multidrug-resistant pathogens such as Burkholderia cenocepacia are a threatening risk for hospital-bound patients suffering from immunocompromised conditions or cystic fibrosis. B. cenocepacia BC2L-C lectin has been linked to bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation, thus hindering its activity is seen as a promising strategy to reduce the severity of the infection. We recently described the first bifunctional ligands of the trimeric N-terminal domain of BC2L-C (BC2L-C-Nt), capable of simultaneously engaging its fucose-specific sugar binding site and a vicinal region at the interface between two monomers. Here, we report a computational workflow for the study of these glycomimetic bifunctional ligands in complex with BC2L-C-Nt, aimed at investigating the molecular basis of ligand binding and the dynamics of glycomimetic/lectin interactions. In particular, we evaluated the use of molecular docking in the protein trimer, followed by refinement using MM-GBSA re-scoring and MD simulations in explicit water. Computational results were compared to experimental data derived from X-ray crystallography and isothermal titration calorimetry. The computational protocol proved suitable to provide a reliable description of the interactions between the ligands and BC2L-C-Nt, highlighting the contribution of MD simulations in explicit solvent for a good fit with the experimental observations. The information achieved in the study and the whole workflow appear promising for the structure-based design of improved BC2L-C-Nt ligands as novel antimicrobials with antiadhesive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Antonini
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, Milano, Italy
| | - Monica Civera
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, Milano, Italy
| | - Kanhaya Lal
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, Milano, Italy
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CERMAV, CNRS, Grenoble, France
| | - Sarah Mazzotta
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Anna Bernardi
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Belvisi
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, Milano, Italy
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3
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Identification of New L-Fucosyl and L-Galactosyl Amides as Glycomimetic Ligands of TNF Lectin Domain of BC2L-C from Burkholderia cenocepacia. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031494. [PMID: 36771163 PMCID: PMC9919437 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The inhibition of carbohydrate-lectin interactions is being explored as an efficient approach to anti adhesion therapy and biofilm destabilization, two alternative antimicrobial strategies that are being explored against resistant pathogens. BC2L-C is a new type of lectin from Burkholderia cenocepacia that binds (mammalian) fucosides at the N-terminal domain and (bacterial) mannosides at the C-terminal domain. This double carbohydrate specificity allows the lectin to crosslink host cells and bacterial cells. We have recently reported the design and generation of the first glycomimetic antagonists of BC2L-C, β-C- or β-N-fucosides that target the fucose-specific N-terminal domain (BC2L-C-Nt). The low water solubility of the designed N-fucosides prevented a full examination of this promising series of ligands. In this work, we describe the synthesis and biophysical evaluation of new L-fucosyl and L-galactosyl amides, designed to be water soluble and to interact with BC2L-C-Nt. The protein-ligand interaction was investigated by Saturation Transfer Difference NMR, Isothermal Titration Calorimetry and crystallographic studies. STD-NMR experiments showed that both fucosyl and galactosyl amides compete with α-methyl fucoside for lectin binding. A new hit compound was identified with good water solubility and an affinity for BC2L-C-Nt of 159 μM (ITC), which represents a one order of magnitude gain over α-methyl fucoside. The x-ray structure of its complex with BC2L-C-Nt was solved at 1.55 Å resolution.
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4
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Corsaro D. Acanthamoeba Mannose and Laminin Binding Proteins Variation across Species and Genotypes. Microorganisms 2022; 10:2162. [PMID: 36363753 PMCID: PMC9692275 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10112162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Acanthamoeba is a ubiquitous free-living amoeba capable of being an opportunistic pathogen in humans and animals. A critical step in infection is the adhesion of the amoeba to host cells and tissues, and two major parasite adhesins, mannose-binding protein (MBP) and laminin-binding protein (LBP), are known to recognize the cell surface glycoproteins and those of the extracellular matrix, respectively. In this study, the available genomes of Acanthamoeba were analysed to recover the sequences of MBP and LBP using previously published genetic data. Genes for both proteins were successfully obtained from strains belonging to various genotypes (T4A, T4D, T4G, T4F, T2, T5, T10, T22, T7 and T18), resulting in a single gene for LBP but identifying two types of MBP, MBP1 and MBP2. Phylogenetic analysis based on deduced amino acid sequences shows that both MBP and LBP have a branching pattern that is consistent with that based on 18S rDNA, indicating that changes in both proteins occurred during diversification of Acanthamoeba lines. Notably, all MBPs possess a conserved motif, shared with some bacterial C-type lectins, which could be the recognition site for mannose binding.
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5
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Mała P, Siebs E, Meiers J, Rox K, Varrot A, Imberty A, Titz A. Discovery of N-β-l-Fucosyl Amides as High-Affinity Ligands for the Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lectin LecB. J Med Chem 2022; 65:14180-14200. [PMID: 36256875 PMCID: PMC9620277 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Gram-negative pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes severe infections mainly in immunocompromised or cystic fibrosis patients and is able to resist antimicrobial treatments. The extracellular lectin LecB plays a key role in bacterial adhesion to the host and biofilm formation. For the inhibition of LecB, we designed and synthesized a set of fucosyl amides, sulfonamides, and thiourea derivatives. Then, we analyzed their binding to LecB in competitive and direct binding assays. We identified β-fucosyl amides as unprecedented high-affinity ligands in the two-digit nanomolar range. X-ray crystallography of one α- and one β-anomer of N-fucosyl amides in complex with LecB revealed the interactions responsible for the high affinity of the β-anomer at atomic level. Further, the molecules showed good stability in murine and human blood plasma and hepatic metabolism, providing a basis for future development into antibacterial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Mała
- Chemical
Biology of Carbohydrates (CBCH), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical
Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre
for Infection Research, 66123Saarbrücken, Germany
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614Poznań, Poland
| | - Eike Siebs
- Chemical
Biology of Carbohydrates (CBCH), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical
Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre
for Infection Research, 66123Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department
of Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123Saarbrücken, Germany
- Deutsches
Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, 38124Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Joscha Meiers
- Chemical
Biology of Carbohydrates (CBCH), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical
Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre
for Infection Research, 66123Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department
of Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123Saarbrücken, Germany
- Deutsches
Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, 38124Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Katharina Rox
- Deutsches
Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, 38124Braunschweig, Germany
- Chemical
Biology (CBIO), Helmholtz Centre for Infection
Research, 38124Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | - Anne Imberty
- Univ.
Grenoble
Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, 38000Grenoble, France
| | - Alexander Titz
- Chemical
Biology of Carbohydrates (CBCH), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical
Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre
for Infection Research, 66123Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department
of Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123Saarbrücken, Germany
- Deutsches
Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, 38124Braunschweig, Germany
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6
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Bermeo R, Lal K, Ruggeri D, Lanaro D, Mazzotta S, Vasile F, Imberty A, Belvisi L, Varrot A, Bernardi A. Targeting a Multidrug-Resistant Pathogen: First Generation Antagonists of Burkholderia cenocepacia's BC2L-C Lectin. ACS Chem Biol 2022; 17:2899-2910. [PMID: 36174276 PMCID: PMC9594048 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.2c00532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant pathogens such as Burkholderia cenocepacia have become a hazard in the context of healthcare-associated infections, especially for patients admitted with cystic fibrosis or immuno-compromising conditions. Like other opportunistic Gram-negative bacteria, this pathogen establishes virulence and biofilms through lectin-mediated adhesion. In particular, the superlectin BC2L-C is believed to cross-link human epithelial cells to B. cenocepacia during pulmonary infections. We aimed to obtain glycomimetic antagonists able to inhibit the interaction between the N-terminal domain of BC2L-C (BC2L-C-Nt) and its target fucosylated human oligosaccharides. In a previous study, we identified by fragment virtual screening and validated a small set of molecular fragments that bind BC2L-C-Nt in the vicinity of the fucose binding site. Here, we report the rational design and synthesis of bifunctional C- or N-fucosides, generated by connecting these fragments to a fucoside core using a panel of rationally selected linkers. A modular route starting from two key fucoside intermediates was implemented for the synthesis, followed by evaluation of the new compounds as BC2L-C-Nt ligands with a range of techniques (surface plasmon resonance, isothermal titration calorimetry, saturation transfer difference NMR, differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray crystallography). This study resulted in a hit molecule with an order of magnitude gain over the starting methyl fucoside and in two crystal structures of antagonist/lectin complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Bermeo
- CNRS,
CERMAV, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble 38000, France,Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi
di Milano, via Golgi 19, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Kanhaya Lal
- CNRS,
CERMAV, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble 38000, France,Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi
di Milano, via Golgi 19, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Davide Ruggeri
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi
di Milano, via Golgi 19, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Daniele Lanaro
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi
di Milano, via Golgi 19, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Sarah Mazzotta
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi
di Milano, via Golgi 19, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Francesca Vasile
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi
di Milano, via Golgi 19, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Anne Imberty
- CNRS,
CERMAV, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Laura Belvisi
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi
di Milano, via Golgi 19, Milano 20133, Italy
| | | | - Anna Bernardi
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi
di Milano, via Golgi 19, Milano 20133, Italy,
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7
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Lal K, Bermeo R, Cramer J, Vasile F, Ernst B, Imberty A, Bernardi A, Varrot A, Belvisi L. Prediction and Validation of a Druggable Site on Virulence Factor of Drug Resistant Burkholderia cenocepacia*. Chemistry 2021; 27:10341-10348. [PMID: 33769626 PMCID: PMC8360069 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Burkholderia cenocepacia is an opportunistic Gram‐negative bacterium that causes infections in patients suffering from chronic granulomatous diseases and cystic fibrosis. It displays significant morbidity and mortality due to extreme resistance to almost all clinically useful antibiotics. The bacterial lectin BC2L‐C expressed in B. cenocepacia is an interesting drug target involved in bacterial adhesion and subsequent deadly infection to the host. We solved the first high resolution crystal structure of the apo form of the lectin N‐terminal domain (BC2L‐C‐nt) and compared it with the ones complexed with carbohydrate ligands. Virtual screening of a small fragment library identified potential hits predicted to bind in the vicinity of the fucose binding site. A series of biophysical techniques and X‐ray crystallographic screening were employed to validate the interaction of the hits with the protein domain. The X‐ray structure of BC2L‐C‐nt complexed with one of the identified active fragments confirmed the ability of the site computationally identified to host drug‐like fragments. The fragment affinity could be determined by titration microcalorimetry. These structure‐based strategies further provide an opportunity to elaborate the fragments into high affinity anti‐adhesive glycomimetics, as therapeutic agents against B. cenocepacia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanhaya Lal
- Universita' degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, via Golgi 19, I-20133, Milano, Italy.,Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Rafael Bermeo
- Universita' degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, via Golgi 19, I-20133, Milano, Italy.,Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Jonathan Cramer
- University of Basel, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Francesca Vasile
- Universita' degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, via Golgi 19, I-20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Beat Ernst
- University of Basel, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anne Imberty
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Anna Bernardi
- Universita' degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, via Golgi 19, I-20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Annabelle Varrot
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Laura Belvisi
- Universita' degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, via Golgi 19, I-20133, Milano, Italy
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8
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Houser J, Kosourova J, Kubickova M, Wimmerova M. Development of 48-condition buffer screen for protein stability assessment. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2021; 50:461-471. [PMID: 33554291 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-021-01497-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The determination of a suitable buffer environment for a protein of interest is not an easy task. The requirements of advanced techniques, the demands on the biological material and the researcher time needed for buffer optimization, as well as personal inflexibility, lead frequently to the use of sub-optimal buffers. Here, we demonstrate the design of a 48-condition buffer screen that can be used to determine an appropriate environment for downstream studies. By the combination of several techniques (differential scanning fluorimetry, dynamic light scattering, and bio-layer interferometry), we are able to assess the protein stability, homogeneity and binding activity across the screen with less than half a milligram of protein in 1 day. The application of this screen helps to avoid unsuitable conditions, to explain problems observed upon protein analysis and to choose the most suitable buffers for further research. The screen can be routinely used as a primary screen for buffer optimization in labs and facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Houser
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic. .,National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Jana Kosourova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Kubickova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Wimmerova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.,National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
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9
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Somrit M, Yu SY, Le Pendu J, Breiman A, Guérardel Y, Weerachatyanukul W, Watthammawut A. Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus virus-like particles attach to fucosylated glycans in the gills of the giant freshwater prawn. Cell Microbiol 2020; 22:e13258. [PMID: 32862508 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.13258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV), the causative agent of white-tail disease (WTD) in many species of shrimp and prawn, has been shown to infect hemocytes and tissues such as the gills and muscles. However, little is known about the host surface molecules to which MrNV attach to initiate infection. Therefore, the present study investigated the role of glycans as binding molecules for virus attachment in susceptible tissues such as the gills. We established that MrNV in their virus-like particle (MrNV-VLP) form exhibited strong binding to gill tissues and lysates, which was highly reduced by the glycan-reducing periodate and PNGase F. The broad, fucose-binding Aleuria Aurantia lectin (AAL) highly reduced MrNV-VLPs binding to gill tissue sections and lysates, and efficiently disrupted the specific interactions between the VLPs and gill glycoproteins. Furthermore, mass spectroscopy revealed the existence of unique fucosylated LacdiNAc-extended N-linked and O-linked glycans in the gill tissues, whereas beta-elimination experiments showed that MrNV-VLPs demonstrated a binding preference for N-glycans. Therefore, the results from this study highly suggested that MrNV-VLPs preferentially attach to fucosylated N-glycans in the susceptible gill tissues, and these findings could lead to the development of strategies that target virus-host surface glycan interactions to reduce MrNV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monsicha Somrit
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Shin-Yi Yu
- CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | | | - Adrien Breiman
- Inserm, CRCINA, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Yann Guérardel
- CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | | | - Atthaboon Watthammawut
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
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10
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One gene, multiple ecological strategies: A biofilm regulator is a capacitor for sustainable diversity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:21647-21657. [PMID: 32817433 PMCID: PMC7474642 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2008540117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Many organisms, including bacteria, live in fluctuating environments that require attachment and dispersal. These lifestyle decisions require processing of multiple external signals by several genetic pathways, but how they are integrated is largely unknown. We conducted multiple evolution experiments totaling >20,000 generations with Burkholderia cenocepacia populations grown in a model of the biofilm life cycle and identified parallel mutations in one gene, rpfR, that is a conserved central regulator. Because RpfR has multiple sensor and catalytic domains, different mutations can produce different ecological strategies that can coexist and even increase net growth. This study demonstrates that a single gene may coordinate complex life histories in biofilm-dwelling bacteria and that selection in defined environments can reshape niche breadth by single mutations. Many bacteria cycle between sessile and motile forms in which they must sense and respond to internal and external signals to coordinate appropriate physiology. Maintaining fitness requires genetic networks that have been honed in variable environments to integrate these signals. The identity of the major regulators and how their control mechanisms evolved remain largely unknown in most organisms. During four different evolution experiments with the opportunist betaproteobacterium Burkholderia cenocepacia in a biofilm model, mutations were most frequently selected in the conserved gene rpfR. RpfR uniquely integrates two major signaling systems—quorum sensing and the motile–sessile switch mediated by cyclic-di-GMP—by two domains that sense, respond to, and control the synthesis of the autoinducer cis-2-dodecenoic acid (BDSF). The BDSF response in turn regulates the activity of diguanylate cyclase and phosphodiesterase domains acting on cyclic-di-GMP. Parallel adaptive substitutions evolved in each of these domains to produce unique life history strategies by regulating cyclic-di-GMP levels, global transcriptional responses, biofilm production, and polysaccharide composition. These phenotypes translated into distinct ecology and biofilm structures that enabled mutants to coexist and produce more biomass than expected from their constituents grown alone. This study shows that when bacterial populations are selected in environments challenging the limits of their plasticity, the evolved mutations not only alter genes at the nexus of signaling networks but also reveal the scope of their regulatory functions.
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11
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Suster C, Baxendale IR, Mihovilovic MD, Stanetty C. Straight Forward and Versatile Differentiation of the l- glycero and d- glycero-d- manno Heptose Scaffold. Front Chem 2020; 8:625. [PMID: 32850647 PMCID: PMC7411327 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are important bio-medical structures, playing a major role in the interaction with human immune systems. Their core regions, containing multiple units of l-glycero-d-manno heptoses (l,d-heptose), are highly conserved structurally (with O3 and O7 glycosidic bonds), making them an epitope of high interest for the potential development of new antibiotics and vaccines. Research in this field has always been restricted by the limited availability of the parent l,d-heptose as well as its biochemical epimeric precursor d-glycero-d-manno heptose (d,d-heptose). This problem of availability has recently been solved by us, through a rapid and efficient practical synthesis of l,d-manno-heptose peracetate demonstrated at scale. Herein we report an optimized, technically simple and versatile synthetic strategy for the differentiation of both the l-glycero and d-glycero-d-manno heptose scaffolds. Our approach is based on an orthoester methodology for the differentiation of all three positions of the sugar core using a O6, O7-tetraisopropyl disiloxyl (TIPDS) protecting group for the exocyclic positions. Furthermore, the regioselective opening toward 7-OH acceptors (6O-FTIPDS ethers) differentiates the exocyclic diol which has been demonstrated with a broader set of substrates and for both manno-heptoses for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Suster
- Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ian R Baxendale
- Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, Durham, United Kingdom
| | - Marko D Mihovilovic
- Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Stanetty
- Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
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12
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Sýkorová P, Novotná J, Demo G, Pompidor G, Dubská E, Komárek J, Fujdiarová E, Houser J, Hároníková L, Varrot A, Shilova N, Imberty A, Bovin N, Pokorná M, Wimmerová M. Characterization of novel lectins from Burkholderia pseudomallei and Chromobacterium violaceum with seven-bladed β-propeller fold. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 152:1113-1124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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13
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LecB, a High Affinity Soluble Fucose-Binding Lectin from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Methods Mol Biol 2020. [PMID: 32306354 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0430-4_46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
LecB/PA-IIL (Pfam PF07472) from bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a fucose-binding lectin with unusual high affinity for glycans. The occurrence of LecB and related proteins is limited to few opportunistic bacterial species, some of them being responsible for severe infections in immune-compromised patients. This lectin is therefore of interest as a target for the design of anti-infectious compounds, but can also be used for research and biotechnology. LecB is a small protein that can be produced in good quantity in recombinant system and purified by affinity chromatography.
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14
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Ganesh PS, Vishnupriya S, Vadivelu J, Mariappan V, Vellasamy KM, Shankar EM. Intracellular survival and innate immune evasion of Burkholderia cepacia: Improved understanding of quorum sensing-controlled virulence factors, biofilm, and inhibitors. Microbiol Immunol 2020; 64:87-98. [PMID: 31769530 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) are opportunistic pathogens implicated with nosocomial infections, and high rates of morbidity and mortality, especially in individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF). B. cepacia are naturally resistant to different classes of antibiotics, and can subvert the host innate immune responses by producing quorum sensing (QS) controlled virulence factors and biofilms. It still remains a conundrum as to how exactly the bacterium survives the intracellular environment within the host cells of CF patients and immunocompromised individuals although the bacterium can invade human lung epithelial cells, neutrophils, and murine macrophages. The mechanisms associated with intracellular survival in the airway epithelial cells and the role of QS and virulence factors in B. cepacia infections in cystic fibrosis remain largely unclear. The current review focuses on understanding the role of QS-controlled virulence factors and biofilms, and provides additional impetus to understanding the potentials of QS-inhibitory strategies against B. cepacia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pitchaipillai Sankar Ganesh
- Division of Infection Biology & Medical Microbiology, Department of Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur, India
| | - Sivakumar Vishnupriya
- Division of Infection Biology & Medical Microbiology, Department of Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur, India
| | - Jamuna Vadivelu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Vanitha Mariappan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kumutha M Vellasamy
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Esaki M Shankar
- Division of Infection Biology & Medical Microbiology, Department of Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur, India
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15
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Campanero-Rhodes MA, Palma AS, Menéndez M, Solís D. Microarray Strategies for Exploring Bacterial Surface Glycans and Their Interactions With Glycan-Binding Proteins. Front Microbiol 2020; 10:2909. [PMID: 32010066 PMCID: PMC6972965 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial surfaces are decorated with distinct carbohydrate structures that may substantially differ among species and strains. These structures can be recognized by a variety of glycan-binding proteins, playing an important role in the bacteria cross-talk with the host and invading bacteriophages, and also in the formation of bacterial microcolonies and biofilms. In recent years, different microarray approaches for exploring bacterial surface glycans and their recognition by proteins have been developed. A main advantage of the microarray format is the inherent miniaturization of the method, which allows sensitive and high-throughput analyses with very small amounts of sample. Antibody and lectin microarrays have been used for examining bacterial glycosignatures, enabling bacteria identification and differentiation among strains. In addition, microarrays incorporating bacterial carbohydrate structures have served to evaluate their recognition by diverse host/phage/bacterial glycan-binding proteins, such as lectins, effectors of the immune system, or bacterial and phagic cell wall lysins, and to identify antigenic determinants for vaccine development. The list of samples printed in the arrays includes polysaccharides, lipopoly/lipooligosaccharides, (lipo)teichoic acids, and peptidoglycans, as well as sequence-defined oligosaccharide fragments. Moreover, microarrays of cell wall fragments and entire bacterial cells have been developed, which also allow to study bacterial glycosylation patterns. In this review, examples of the different microarray platforms and applications are presented with a view to give the current state-of-the-art and future prospects in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Asunción Campanero-Rhodes
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Angelina Sa Palma
- UCIBIO, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Margarita Menéndez
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores Solís
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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16
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Martinez JER, Thomas B, Flitsch SL. Glycan Array Technology. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 175:435-456. [PMID: 31907566 DOI: 10.1007/10_2019_112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Glycan (or carbohydrate) arrays have become an essential tool in glycomics, providing fast and high-throughput data on protein-carbohydrate interactions with small amounts of carbohydrate ligands. The general concepts of glycan arrays have been adopted from other microarray technologies such as those used for nucleic acid and proteins. However, carbohydrates have presented their own challenges, in particular in terms of access to glycan probes, linker attachment chemistries and analysis, which will be reviewed in this chapter. As more and more glycan probes have become available through chemical and enzymatic synthesis and robust linker chemistries have been developed, the applications of glycan arrays have dramatically increased over the past 10 years, which will be illustrated with recent examples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Baptiste Thomas
- School of Chemistry and MIB, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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17
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BC2L-C N-Terminal Lectin Domain Complexed with Histo Blood Group Oligosaccharides Provides New Structural Information. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25020248. [PMID: 31936166 PMCID: PMC7024360 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Lectins mediate adhesion of pathogens to host tissues, filling in a key role in the first steps of infection. Belonging to the opportunistic pathogen Burkholderia cenocepacia, BC2L-C is a superlectin with dual carbohydrate specificity, believed to mediate cross-linking between bacteria and host cells. Its C-terminal domain binds to bacterial mannosides while its N-terminal domain (BCL2-CN) recognizes fucosylated human epitopes. BC2L-CN presents a tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-) fold previously unseen in lectins with a novel fucose binding mode. We report, here, the production of a novel recombinant form of BC2L-CN (rBC2L-CN2), which allowed better protein stability and unprecedented co-crystallization with oligosaccharides. Isothermal calorimetry measurements showed no detrimental effect on ligand binding and data were obtained on the binding of Globo H hexasaccharide and l-galactose. Crystal structures of rBC2L-CN2 were solved in complex with two blood group antigens: H-type 1 and H-type 3 (Globo H) by X-ray crystallography. They provide new structural information on the binding site, of importance for the structural-based design of glycodrugs as new antimicrobials with antiadhesive properties.
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18
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Lectin antagonists in infection, immunity, and inflammation. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2019; 53:51-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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19
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Khojandi N, Haselkorn TS, Eschbach MN, Naser RA, DiSalvo S. Intracellular Burkholderia Symbionts induce extracellular secondary infections; driving diverse host outcomes that vary by genotype and environment. THE ISME JOURNAL 2019; 13:2068-2081. [PMID: 31019270 PMCID: PMC6776111 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-019-0419-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Symbiotic associations impact and are impacted by their surrounding ecosystem. The association between Burkholderia bacteria and the soil amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum is a tractable model to unravel the biology underlying symbiont-endowed phenotypes and their impacts. Several Burkholderia species stably associate with D. discoideum and typically reduce host fitness in food-rich environments while increasing fitness in food-scarce environments. Burkholderia symbionts are themselves inedible to their hosts but induce co-infections with secondary bacteria that can serve as a food source. Thus, Burkholderia hosts are "farmers" that carry food bacteria to new environments, providing a benefit when food is scarce. We examined the ability of specific Burkholderia genotypes to induce secondary co-infections and assessed host fitness under a range of co-infection conditions and environmental contexts. Although all Burkholderia symbionts intracellularly infected Dictyostelium, we found that co-infections are predominantly extracellular, suggesting that farming benefits are derived from extracellular infection of host structures. Furthermore, levels of secondary infection are linked to conditional host fitness; B. agricolaris infected hosts have the highest level of co-infection and have the highest fitness in food-scarce environments. This study illuminates the phenomenon of co-infection induction across Dictyostelium associated Burkholderia species and exemplifies the contextual complexity of these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Khojandi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL, 62026, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - Tamara S Haselkorn
- Department of Biology, University of Central Arkansas, 201 Donaghey Avenue, Conway, AR, 72035, USA
| | - Madison N Eschbach
- Department of Biological Sciences, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL, 62026, USA
| | - Rana A Naser
- Department of Biological Sciences, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL, 62026, USA
| | - Susanne DiSalvo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL, 62026, USA.
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20
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Microscopy examination of red blood and yeast cell agglutination induced by bacterial lectins. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220318. [PMID: 31344098 PMCID: PMC6657890 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lectins are a group of ubiquitous proteins which specifically recognize and reversibly bind sugar moieties of glycoprotein and glycolipid constituents on cell surfaces. The mutagenesis approach is often employed to characterize lectin binding properties. As lectins are not enzymes, it is not easy to perform a rapid specificity screening of mutants using chromogenic substrates. It is necessary to use different binding assays such as isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), surface plasmon resonance (SPR), microscale thermophoresis (MST), enzyme-linked lectin assays (ELLA), or glycan arrays for their characterization. These methods often require fluorescently labeled proteins (MST), highly purified proteins (SPR) or high protein concentrations (ITC). Mutant proteins may often exhibit problematic behaviour, such as poor solubility or low stability. Lectin-based cell agglutination is a simple and low-cost technique which can overcome most of these problems. In this work, a modified method of the agglutination of human erythrocytes and yeast cells with microscopy detection was successfully used for a specificity study of the newly prepared mutant lectin RS-IIL_A22S, which experimentally completed studies on sugar preferences of lectins in the PA-IIL family. Results showed that the sensitivity of this method is comparable with ITC, is able to determine subtle differences in lectin specificity, and works directly in cell lysates. The agglutination method with microscopy detection was validated by comparison of the results with results obtained by agglutination assay in standard 96-well microtiter plate format. In contrast to this assay, the microscopic method can clearly distinguish between hemagglutination and hemolysis. Therefore, this method is suitable for examination of lectins with known hemolytic activity as well as mutant or uncharacterized lectins, which could damage red blood cells. This is due to the experimental arrangement, which includes very short sample incubation time in combination with microscopic detection of agglutinates, that are easily observed by a small portable microscope.
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21
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Thai Le S, Malinovska L, Vašková M, Mező E, Kelemen V, Borbás A, Hodek P, Wimmerová M, Csávás M. Investigation of the Binding Affinity of a Broad Array of l-Fucosides with Six Fucose-Specific Lectins of Bacterial and Fungal Origin. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24122262. [PMID: 31216664 PMCID: PMC6631993 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24122262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Series of multivalent α-l-fucoside containing glycoclusters and variously decorated l-fucosides were synthesized to find potential inhibitors of fucose-specific lectins and study the structure-binding affinity relationships. Tri- and tetravalent fucoclusters were built using copper-mediated azide-alkyne click chemistry. Series of fucoside monomers and dimers were synthesized using various methods, namely glycosylation, an azide-alkyne click reaction, photoinduced thiol-en addition, and sulfation. The interactions between compounds with six fucolectins of bacterial or fungal origin were tested using a hemagglutination inhibition assay. As a result, a tetravalent, α-l-fucose presenting glycocluster showed to be a ligand that was orders of magnitude better than a simple monosaccharide for tested lectins in most cases, which can nominate it as a universal ligand for studied lectins. This compound was also able to inhibit the adhesion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa cells to human epithelial bronchial cells. A trivalent fucocluster with a protected amine functional group also seems to be a promising candidate for designing glycoconjugates and chimeras.
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Affiliation(s)
- Son Thai Le
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Lenka Malinovska
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Michaela Vašková
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Erika Mező
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Viktor Kelemen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Anikó Borbás
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Petr Hodek
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Michaela Wimmerová
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Magdolna Csávás
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
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22
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Geissner A, Reinhardt A, Rademacher C, Johannssen T, Monteiro J, Lepenies B, Thépaut M, Fieschi F, Mrázková J, Wimmerova M, Schuhmacher F, Götze S, Grünstein D, Guo X, Hahm HS, Kandasamy J, Leonori D, Martin CE, Parameswarappa SG, Pasari S, Schlegel MK, Tanaka H, Xiao G, Yang Y, Pereira CL, Anish C, Seeberger PH. Microbe-focused glycan array screening platform. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:1958-1967. [PMID: 30670663 PMCID: PMC6369816 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1800853116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions between glycans and glycan binding proteins are essential for numerous processes in all kingdoms of life. Glycan microarrays are an excellent tool to examine protein-glycan interactions. Here, we present a microbe-focused glycan microarray platform based on oligosaccharides obtained by chemical synthesis. Glycans were generated by combining different carbohydrate synthesis approaches including automated glycan assembly, solution-phase synthesis, and chemoenzymatic methods. The current library of more than 300 glycans is as diverse as the mammalian glycan array from the Consortium for Functional Glycomics and, due to its microbial focus, highly complementary. This glycan platform is essential for the characterization of various classes of glycan binding proteins. Applications of this glycan array platform are highlighted by the characterization of innate immune receptors and bacterial virulence factors as well as the analysis of human humoral immunity to pathogenic glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Geissner
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anika Reinhardt
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Rademacher
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Timo Johannssen
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - João Monteiro
- Immunology Unit and Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Bernd Lepenies
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Immunology Unit and Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Michel Thépaut
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biologie Structurale, F-38044 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, Institut de Biologie Structurale, F-38044 Grenoble, France
- Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, Institut de Biologie Structurale, F-38044 Grenoble, France
| | - Franck Fieschi
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biologie Structurale, F-38044 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, Institut de Biologie Structurale, F-38044 Grenoble, France
- Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, Institut de Biologie Structurale, F-38044 Grenoble, France
| | - Jana Mrázková
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Wimmerova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Frank Schuhmacher
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Götze
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dan Grünstein
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Xiaoqiang Guo
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Heung Sik Hahm
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jeyakumar Kandasamy
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Daniele Leonori
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Christopher E Martin
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Sandip Pasari
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Mark K Schlegel
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Hidenori Tanaka
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Guozhi Xiao
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - You Yang
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Claney L Pereira
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Chakkumkal Anish
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Peter H Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany;
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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23
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Kašáková M, Malinovská L, Klejch T, Hlaváčková M, Dvořáková H, Fujdiarová E, Rottnerová Z, Maťátková O, Lhoták P, Wimmerová M, Moravcová J. Selectivity of original C-hexopyranosyl calix[4]arene conjugates towards lectins of different origin. Carbohydr Res 2018; 469:60-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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24
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Richard N, Marti L, Varrot A, Guillot L, Guitard J, Hennequin C, Imberty A, Corvol H, Chignard M, Balloy V. Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells Inhibit Aspergillus fumigatus Germination of Extracellular Conidia via FleA Recognition. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15699. [PMID: 30356167 PMCID: PMC6200801 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33902-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus fumigatus is an environmental filamentous fungus that may act as an opportunistic pathogen causing a variety of diseases, including asthma or allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, and infection, ranging from asymptomatic colonization to invasive pulmonary form, especially in immunocompromised patients. This fungus is characterized by different morphotypes including conidia which are the infective propagules able to germinate into hyphae. Due to their small size (2–3 µm), conidia released in the air can reach the lower respiratory tract. The objective of this study was to characterize the interactions between conidia and bronchial epithelial cells. To this end, we studied the role of bronchial epithelial cells, i.e., the BEAS-2B cell line and human primary cells, in conidial germination of a laboratory strain and three clinical strains of A. fumigatus. Microscopic observations and galactomannan measurements demonstrated that contact between epithelial cells and conidia leads to the inhibition of conidia germination. We demonstrated that this fungistatic process is not associated with the release of any soluble components nor internalization by the epithelial cells. We highlight that this antifungal process involves the phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway on the host cellular side and the lectin FleA on the fungal side. Collectively, our results show that bronchial epithelial cells attenuate fungal virulence by inhibiting germination of extracellular conidia, thus preventing the morphological change from conidia to filaments, which is responsible for tissue invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Richard
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine Paris, Paris, France
| | - Léa Marti
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine Paris, Paris, France
| | - Annabelle Varrot
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Loïc Guillot
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine Paris, Paris, France
| | - Juliette Guitard
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine Paris, Paris, France.,Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Hôpital St Antoine, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Hennequin
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine Paris, Paris, France.,Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Hôpital St Antoine, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Anne Imberty
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Harriet Corvol
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine Paris, Paris, France.,Pneumologie Pédiatrique, AP-HP, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Michel Chignard
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine Paris, Paris, France
| | - Viviane Balloy
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine Paris, Paris, France.
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25
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Ribeiro JP, Villringer S, Goyard D, Coche-Guerente L, Höferlin M, Renaudet O, Römer W, Imberty A. Tailor-made Janus lectin with dual avidity assembles glycoconjugate multilayers and crosslinks protocells. Chem Sci 2018; 9:7634-7641. [PMID: 30393524 PMCID: PMC6182566 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc02730g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The double-faced Janus lectin, designed by assembling sialic acid and fucose-specific lectin, organize multivalent heteroglyco compounds in mulitlayered material, and glycosylated protocells in prototissues.
We engineered the first chimeric, bispecific lectin, with two rationally oriented and distinct recognition surfaces. This lectin, coined Janus lectin in allusion to the two-faced roman god, is able to bind independently to both fucosylated and sialylated glycoconjugates. The multivalent presentation of binding sites on each face of the Janus lectin is very efficient, resulting in avidities in the low nanomolar range for both fucosylated and sialylated surfaces. Moreover, novel heterovalent, bifunctional glycoclusters were synthetized that match the topology of the Janus lectin. Based on these tools, we constructed organized and controlled supramolecular architectures by assembling Janus lectin and glycocompound layer-by-layer. Furthermore, the Janus lectin was employed as biomolecular linker to organize protocells made from giant unilamellar vesicles of different nature, to more complex prototissues. In summary, tailor-made Janus lectins open wide possibilities for creating biomimetic matrices or artificial tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- João P Ribeiro
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , CNRS , CERMAV , 38000 Grenoble , France . .,Univ. Grenoble Alpes , CNRS , DCM , 38000 Grenoble , France
| | - Sarah Villringer
- Faculty of Biology , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Centre for Biological Signalling Studies (BIOSS) , Schänzlestraße 18 , 79104 Freiburg , Germany .
| | - David Goyard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , CNRS , DCM , 38000 Grenoble , France
| | | | - Manuela Höferlin
- Faculty of Biology , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Centre for Biological Signalling Studies (BIOSS) , Schänzlestraße 18 , 79104 Freiburg , Germany .
| | | | - Winfried Römer
- Faculty of Biology , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Centre for Biological Signalling Studies (BIOSS) , Schänzlestraße 18 , 79104 Freiburg , Germany .
| | - Anne Imberty
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , CNRS , CERMAV , 38000 Grenoble , France .
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26
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Ghufran MS, Ghosh K, Kanade SR. A fucose specific lectin from Aspergillus flavus induced interleukin-8 expression is mediated by mitogen activated protein kinase p38. Med Mycol 2017; 55:323-333. [PMID: 27664169 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myw066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus flavus is an ubiquitous, opportunistic fungus responsible to cause invasive fungal allergic diseases, including bronchopulmonary invasive aspergillosis in persons with altered immune function. Lectins have been implicated as interaction mediators between the pathogenic fungi and human host. We isolated L-fucose specific lectin from A. flavus (FFL) and purified it to homogeneity with a combination of ion exchange and hydrophobic interaction chromatography methods. Its hemagglutination activity was significantly inhibited by 125 μM L-fucose as compared to other sugars and sugar derivatives. We, then used human cell line L-132, and U937 cell line to explore the possible cytotoxicity and proinflammatory effect of this fucose-specific lectin. The lectin induced the expression of proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-8 (IL-8) in a dose-dependent manner, and it was found to be associated with the p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK). The p38MAPK signalling pathway regulates the transcription factor activator protein-1 (AP-1) activity, which is the integration point of many signals that can differentially affect the expression and transcriptional activity of a cell. We observed activation of c-Jun, a critical component of the AP-1 complex, mediated by p38MAPK upon the FFL treatment in L-132 cells. Finally, inhibition of p38MAPK by a specific inhibitor attenuates the c-Jun, suggesting the p38MAPK involvement in the c-Jun activation, which in turn transcriptionally activates the induction of IL-8 in response to the lectin. Thus, this study showed a potential lectin-mediated mechanism to modulate the immune response during host-fungus interactions.
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27
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Jančaříková G, Houser J, Dobeš P, Demo G, Hyršl P, Wimmerová M. Characterization of novel bangle lectin from Photorhabdus asymbiotica with dual sugar-binding specificity and its effect on host immunity. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006564. [PMID: 28806750 PMCID: PMC5584973 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Photorhabdus asymbiotica is one of the three recognized species of the Photorhabdus genus, which consists of gram-negative bioluminescent bacteria belonging to the family Morganellaceae. These bacteria live in a symbiotic relationship with nematodes from the genus Heterorhabditis, together forming a complex that is highly pathogenic for insects. Unlike other Photorhabdus species, which are strictly entomopathogenic, P. asymbiotica is unique in its ability to act as an emerging human pathogen. Analysis of the P. asymbiotica genome identified a novel fucose-binding lectin designated PHL with a strong sequence similarity to the recently described P. luminescens lectin PLL. Recombinant PHL exhibited high affinity for fucosylated carbohydrates and the unusual disaccharide 3,6-O-Me2-Glcβ1-4(2,3-O-Me2)Rhaα-O-(p-C6H4)-OCH2CH2NH2 from Mycobacterium leprae. Based on its crystal structure, PHL forms a seven-bladed β-propeller assembling into a homo-dimer with an inter-subunit disulfide bridge. Investigating complexes with different ligands revealed the existence of two sets of binding sites per monomer-the first type prefers l-fucose and its derivatives, whereas the second type can bind d-galactose. Based on the sequence analysis, PHL could contain up to twelve binding sites per monomer. PHL was shown to interact with all types of red blood cells and insect haemocytes. Interestingly, PHL inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species induced by zymosan A in human blood and antimicrobial activity both in human blood, serum and insect haemolymph. Concurrently, PHL increased the constitutive level of oxidants in the blood and induced melanisation in haemolymph. Our results suggest that PHL might play a crucial role in the interaction of P. asymbiotica with both human and insect hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gita Jančaříková
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Houser
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Dobeš
- Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Gabriel Demo
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Hyršl
- Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Wimmerová
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
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28
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Dingjan T, Imberty A, Pérez S, Yuriev E, Ramsland PA. Molecular Simulations of Carbohydrates with a Fucose-Binding Burkholderia ambifaria Lectin Suggest Modulation by Surface Residues Outside the Fucose-Binding Pocket. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:393. [PMID: 28680402 PMCID: PMC5478714 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Burkholderia ambifaria is an opportunistic respiratory pathogen belonging to the Burkholderia cepacia complex, a collection of species responsible for the rapidly fatal cepacia syndrome in cystic fibrosis patients. A fucose-binding lectin identified in the B. ambifaria genome, BambL, is able to adhere to lung tissue, and may play a role in respiratory infection. X-ray crystallography has revealed the bound complex structures for four fucosylated human blood group epitopes (blood group B, H type 1, H type 2, and Lex determinants). The present study employed computational approaches, including docking and molecular dynamics (MD), to extend the structural analysis of BambL-oligosaccharide complexes to include four additional blood group saccharides (A, Lea, Leb, and Ley) and a library of blood-group-related carbohydrates. Carbohydrate recognition is dominated by interactions with fucose via a hydrogen-bonding network involving Arg15, Glu26, Ala38, and Trp79 and a stacking interaction with Trp74. Additional hydrogen bonds to non-fucose residues are formed with Asp30, Tyr35, Thr36, and Trp74. BambL recognition is dominated by interactions with fucose, but also features interactions with other parts of the ligands that may modulate specificity or affinity. The detailed computational characterization of the BambL carbohydrate-binding site provides guidelines for the future design of lectin inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamir Dingjan
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash UniversityMelbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Anne Imberty
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UPR5301, Université Grenoble AlpesGrenoble, France
| | - Serge Pérez
- Département de Pharmacochimie Moléculaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR5063, Université Grenoble AlpesGrenoble, France
| | - Elizabeth Yuriev
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash UniversityMelbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul A Ramsland
- School of Science, RMIT UniversityMelbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Surgery Austin Health, University of MelbourneMelbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash UniversityMelbourne, VIC, Australia.,Burnet InstituteMelbourne, VIC, Australia
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29
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Csávás M, Malinovská L, Perret F, Gyurkó M, Illyés ZT, Wimmerová M, Borbás A. Tri- and tetravalent mannoclusters cross-link and aggregate BC2L-A lectin from Burkholderia cenocepacia. Carbohydr Res 2016; 437:1-8. [PMID: 27871013 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The opportunistic Gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia cenocepacia causes lethal infections in cystic fibrosis patients. Multivalent mannoside derivatives were prepared as potential inhibitors of lectin BC2L-A, one of the virulence factors deployed by B. cenocepacia in the infection process. An (α1→2)-thio-linked mannobioside mimic bearing an azide functionalized aglycon was conjugated to different multivalent scaffolds such as propargylated calix[4]arenes, methyl gallate and pentaerythritol by azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition. The interaction between the glycoclusters and the mannose binding BC2L-A lectin from B. cenocepacia was examined by isothermal microcalorimetry, surface plasmon resonance, inhibition of yeast agglutination and analytical ultracentrifugation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdolna Csávás
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, POB 78, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Lenka Malinovská
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czechia
| | - Florent Perret
- ICBMS-Equipe CSAp, Université Lyon 1, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Milán Gyurkó
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, POB 78, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zita Tünde Illyés
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen, POB 20, H-410 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Michaela Wimmerová
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czechia; National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czechia.
| | - Anikó Borbás
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, POB 78, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary.
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30
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Nunvar J, Kalferstova L, Bloodworth RAM, Kolar M, Degrossi J, Lubovich S, Cardona ST, Drevinek P. Understanding the Pathogenicity of Burkholderia contaminans, an Emerging Pathogen in Cystic Fibrosis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160975. [PMID: 27512997 PMCID: PMC4981469 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Several bacterial species from the Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) are feared opportunistic pathogens that lead to debilitating lung infections with a high risk of developing fatal septicemia in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. However, the pathogenic potential of other Bcc species is yet unknown. To elucidate clinical relevance of Burkholderia contaminans, a species frequently isolated from CF respiratory samples in Ibero-American countries, we aimed to identify its key virulence factors possibly linked with an unfavorable clinical outcome. We performed a genome-wide comparative analysis of two isolates of B. contaminans ST872 from sputum and blood culture of a female CF patient in Argentina. RNA-seq data showed significant changes in expression for quorum sensing-regulated virulence factors and motility and chemotaxis. Furthermore, we detected expression changes in a recently described low-oxygen-activated (lxa) locus which encodes stress-related proteins, and for two clusters responsible for the biosynthesis of antifungal and hemolytic compounds pyrrolnitrin and occidiofungin. Based on phenotypic assays that confirmed changes in motility and in proteolytic, hemolytic and antifungal activities, we were able to distinguish two phenotypes of B. contaminans that coexisted in the host and entered her bloodstream. Whole genome sequencing revealed that the sputum and bloodstream isolates (each representing a distinct phenotype) differed by over 1,400 mutations as a result of a mismatch repair-deficient hypermutable state of the sputum isolate. The inferred lack of purifying selection against nonsynonymous mutations and the high rate of pseudogenization in the derived isolate indicated limited evolutionary pressure during evolution in the nutrient-rich, stable CF sputum environment. The present study is the first to examine the genomic and transcriptomic differences between longitudinal isolates of B. contaminans. Detected activity of a number of putative virulence factors implies a genuine pathogenic nature of this novel Bcc species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav Nunvar
- Department of Medical Microbiology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Kalferstova
- Department of Medical Microbiology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ruhi A. M. Bloodworth
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Infectious Disease, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Michal Kolar
- Laboratory of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jose Degrossi
- School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvina Lubovich
- Centro Respiratorio Dr. A. Alvarez, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia T. Cardona
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Infectious Disease, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Pavel Drevinek
- Department of Medical Microbiology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
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31
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Geissner A, Seeberger PH. Glycan Arrays: From Basic Biochemical Research to Bioanalytical and Biomedical Applications. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2016; 9:223-47. [PMID: 27306309 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-071015-041641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A major branch of glycobiology and glycan-focused biomedicine studies the interaction between carbohydrates and other biopolymers, most importantly, glycan-binding proteins. Today, this research into glycan-biopolymer interaction is unthinkable without glycan arrays, tools that enable high-throughput analysis of carbohydrate interaction partners. Glycan arrays offer many applications in basic biochemical research, for example, defining the specificity of glycosyltransferases and lectins such as immune receptors. Biomedical applications include the characterization and surveillance of influenza strains, identification of biomarkers for cancer and infection, and profiling of immune responses to vaccines. Here, we review major applications of glycan arrays both in basic and applied research. Given the dynamic nature of this rapidly developing field, we focus on recent findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Geissner
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Peter H Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany;
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32
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Breiman A, Robles MDL, de Carné Trécesson S, Echasserieau K, Bernardeau K, Drickamer K, Imberty A, Barillé-Nion S, Altare F, Le Pendu J. Carcinoma-associated fucosylated antigens are markers of the epithelial state and can contribute to cell adhesion through CLEC17A (Prolectin). Oncotarget 2016; 7:14064-82. [PMID: 26908442 PMCID: PMC4924698 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Terminal fucosylated motifs of glycoproteins and glycolipid chains are often altered in cancer cells. We investigated the link between fucosylation changes and critical steps in cancer progression: epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and lymph node metastasis.Using mammary cell lines, we demonstrate that during EMT, expression of some fucosylated antigens (e.g.: Lewis Y) is decreased as a result of repression of the fucosyltransferase genes FUT1 and FUT3. Moreover, we identify the fucose-binding bacterial lectin BC2L-C-Nt as a specific probe for the epithelial state.Prolectin (CLEC17A), a human lectin found on lymph node B cells, shares ligand specificities with BC2L-C-Nt. It binds preferentially to epithelial rather than to mesenchymal cells, and microfluidic experiments showed that prolectin behaves as a cell adhesion molecule for epithelial cells. Comparison of paired primary tumors/lymph node metastases revealed an increase of prolectin staining in metastasis and high FUT1 and FUT3 mRNA expression was associated with poor prognosis. Our data suggest that tumor cells invading the lymph nodes and expressing fucosylated motifs associated with the epithelial state could use prolectin as a colonization factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Breiman
- Inserm U892, CNRS UMR6299, University of Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France
- Nantes University Hospital, 44007 Nantes, France
| | | | | | - Klara Echasserieau
- Inserm U892, CNRS UMR6299, University of Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France
- Recombinant Protein Core Facility of The University of Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France
| | - Karine Bernardeau
- Inserm U892, CNRS UMR6299, University of Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France
- Recombinant Protein Core Facility of The University of Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France
| | - Kurt Drickamer
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7, UK
| | - Anne Imberty
- CERMAV-UPR 5301, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38041 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Frédéric Altare
- Inserm U892, CNRS UMR6299, University of Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France
| | - Jacques Le Pendu
- Inserm U892, CNRS UMR6299, University of Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France
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33
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Cott C, Thuenauer R, Landi A, Kühn K, Juillot S, Imberty A, Madl J, Eierhoff T, Römer W. Pseudomonas aeruginosa lectin LecB inhibits tissue repair processes by triggering β-catenin degradation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1863:1106-18. [PMID: 26862060 PMCID: PMC4859328 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Revised: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that induces severe lung infections such as ventilator-associated pneumonia and acute lung injury. Under these conditions, the bacterium diminishes epithelial integrity and inhibits tissue repair mechanisms, leading to persistent infections. Understanding the involved bacterial virulence factors and their mode of action is essential for the development of new therapeutic approaches. In our study we discovered a so far unknown effect of the P. aeruginosa lectin LecB on host cell physiology. LecB alone was sufficient to attenuate migration and proliferation of human lung epithelial cells and to induce transcriptional activity of NF-κB. These effects are characteristic of impaired tissue repair. Moreover, we found a strong degradation of β-catenin, which was partially recovered by the proteasome inhibitor lactacystin. In addition, LecB induced loss of cell-cell contacts and reduced expression of the β-catenin targets c-myc and cyclin D1. Blocking of LecB binding to host cell plasma membrane receptors by soluble l-fucose prevented these changes in host cell behavior and signaling, and thereby provides a powerful strategy to suppress LecB function. Our findings suggest that P. aeruginosa employs LecB as a virulence factor to induce β-catenin degradation, which then represses processes that are directly linked to tissue recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Cott
- Faculty of Biology, Schänzlestraße 1, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Schänzlestraße 18, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Roland Thuenauer
- Faculty of Biology, Schänzlestraße 1, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Schänzlestraße 18, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alessia Landi
- Faculty of Biology, Schänzlestraße 1, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Schänzlestraße 18, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katja Kühn
- Faculty of Biology, Schänzlestraße 1, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Schänzlestraße 18, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Samuel Juillot
- Faculty of Biology, Schänzlestraße 1, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Schänzlestraße 18, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Albertstraße 19, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anne Imberty
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales, UPR5301 CNRS and University of Grenoble Alpes, BP53, 38041 Grenoble cédex 09, France
| | - Josef Madl
- Faculty of Biology, Schänzlestraße 1, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Schänzlestraße 18, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Eierhoff
- Faculty of Biology, Schänzlestraße 1, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Schänzlestraße 18, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Winfried Römer
- Faculty of Biology, Schänzlestraße 1, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Schänzlestraße 18, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Albertstraße 19, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
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34
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Beshr G, Sommer R, Hauck D, Siebert DCB, Hofmann A, Imberty A, Titz A. Development of a competitive binding assay for the Burkholderia cenocepacia lectin BC2L-A and structure activity relationship of natural and synthetic inhibitors. MEDCHEMCOMM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5md00557d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Burkholderia cenocepacia is an opportunistic Gram-negative pathogen and especially hazardous for cystic fibrosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghamdan Beshr
- Chemical Biology of Carbohydrates
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)
- D-66123 Saarbrücken
- Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF)
| | - Roman Sommer
- Chemical Biology of Carbohydrates
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)
- D-66123 Saarbrücken
- Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF)
| | - Dirk Hauck
- Chemical Biology of Carbohydrates
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)
- D-66123 Saarbrücken
- Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF)
| | - David Chan Bodin Siebert
- Chemical Biology of Carbohydrates
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)
- D-66123 Saarbrücken
- Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF)
| | - Anna Hofmann
- Department of Chemistry and Graduate School Chemical Biology
- University of Konstanz
- D-78457 Konstanz
- Germany
| | - Anne Imberty
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV)-CNRS and Université Grenoble Alpes
- F-38041 Grenoble
- France
| | - Alexander Titz
- Chemical Biology of Carbohydrates
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)
- D-66123 Saarbrücken
- Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF)
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35
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Abstract
Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) species are a group of Gram-negative opportunistic pathogens that infect the airways of cystic fibrosis patients, and occasionally they infect other immunocompromised patients. Bcc bacteria display high-level multidrug resistance and chronically persist in the infected host while eliciting robust inflammatory responses. Studies using macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells, combined with advances in the genetic manipulation of these bacteria, have increased our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of virulence in these pathogens and the molecular details of cell-host responses triggering inflammation. This article discusses our current view of the intracellular survival of Burkholderia cenocepacia within macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Valvano
- Centre for Infection and Immunity, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7AE, UK
- Centre for Human Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
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36
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Stanetty C, Baxendale IR. Large-Scale Synthesis of Crystalline 1,2,3,4,6,7-Hexa- O-acetyl-l- glycero-α-d- manno-heptopyranose. European J Org Chem 2015; 2015:2718-2726. [PMID: 26097405 PMCID: PMC4464551 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The higher-carbon sugar l-glycero-d-manno-heptose is a major constituent of the inner core region of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of many Gram-negative bacteria. All preparative routes used to date require multiple steps, and scalability has been rarely addressed. Here a highly practical synthesis of crystalline 1,2,3,4,6,7-hexa-O-acetyl-l-glycero-α-d-manno-heptopyranose by a simple four-step sequence starting from l-lyxose is disclosed. Only two recrystallisations are required and the process was demonstrated on a >100 mmol scale, yielding 41 g of the target compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Stanetty
- Department of Chemistry, Durham UniversitySouth Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Ian R Baxendale
- Department of Chemistry, Durham UniversitySouth Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
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37
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Suppiger A, Schmid N, Aguilar C, Pessi G, Eberl L. Two quorum sensing systems control biofilm formation and virulence in members of the Burkholderia cepacia complex. Virulence 2014; 4:400-9. [PMID: 23799665 PMCID: PMC3714132 DOI: 10.4161/viru.25338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) consists of 17 closely related species that are problematic opportunistic bacterial pathogens for cystic fibrosis patients and immunocompromised individuals. These bacteria are capable of utilizing two different chemical languages: N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) and cis-2-unsaturated fatty acids. Here we summarize the current knowledge of the underlying molecular architectures of these communication systems, showing how they are interlinked and discussing how they regulate overlapping as well as specific sets of genes. A particular focus is laid on the role of these signaling systems in the formation of biofilms, which are believed to be highly important for chronic infections. We review genes that have been implicated in the sessile lifestyle of this group of bacteria. The new emerging role of the intracellular second messenger cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) as a downstream regulator of the fatty acid signaling cascade and as a key factor in biofilm formation is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Suppiger
- Department of Microbiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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38
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Stanetty C, Walter M, Kosma P. Convergent synthesis of 4-O-phosphorylated L-glycero-D-manno-heptosyl lipopolysaccharide core oligosaccharides based on regioselective cleavage of a 6,7-O-tetraisopropyldisiloxane-1,3-diyl protecting group. J Org Chem 2014; 79:582-98. [PMID: 24359545 PMCID: PMC3898546 DOI: 10.1021/jo402312x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The structurally conserved lipopolysaccharide core region of many Gram-negative bacteria is composed of trisaccharides containing 4-O-phosphorylated L-glycero-D-manno-heptose (L,D-Hep) units, which act as ligands for antibodies and lectins. The disaccharides Glc-(1→3)-Hep4P Hep-(1→3)-Hep4P and Hep-(1→7)-Hep4P and the branched trisaccharide Glc-(1→3)-[Hep-(1→7)]-Hep4P, respectively, have been synthesized from a methyl heptopyranoside acceptor in less than 10 steps. The synthetic strategy was based on the early introduction of a phosphotriester at position 4 of heptose followed by a regioselective opening of a 6,7-O-(1,1,3,3-tetraisopropyl-1,3-disiloxane-1,3-diyl) group allowing for a straightforward access to glycosylation at position 7. Perbenzylated N-phenyl trifluoroacetimidate glucosyl and heptosyl derivatives served as α-selective glycosyl donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Stanetty
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources
and Life Sciences, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Walter
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources
and Life Sciences, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Paul Kosma
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources
and Life Sciences, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
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39
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Small-angle X-ray scattering to obtain models of multivalent lectin-glycan complexes. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1200:511-26. [PMID: 25117261 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1292-6_42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) have led to the ability to model the glycans on glycoproteins and to obtain the low-resolution solution structures of complexes of lectins bound to multivalent glycan-presenting scaffolds. This progress in SAXS can respond to the increasing interest in the biological action of glycoproteins and lectins and in the design of multivalent glycan-based antagonists. Carbohydrates make up a significant part of the X-ray scattering content in SAXS and should be included in the model together with the protein, whose structure is most often based on a crystal structure or NMR ensemble, to give a far-improved fit with the experimental data. The modeling of the spatial positioning of glycans on proteins or in the architecture of lectin-glycan complexes delivers low-resolution structural information hitherto unmatched by any other method. SAXS data on the bacterial lectin FimH, strongly bound to heptyl α-D-mannose on a sevenfold derivatized β-cyclodextrin, permitted determination of the stoichiometry of the complex and the geometry of the lectin deposition on the multivalent β-cyclodextrin. The SAXS methods can be applied to larger complexes as the technique imposes no limit on the size of the macromolecular assembly in solution.
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40
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Kobayashi Y, Tateno H, Ogawa H, Yamamoto K, Hirabayashi J. Comprehensive list of lectins: origins, natures, and carbohydrate specificities. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1200:555-577. [PMID: 25117264 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1292-6_45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
More than 100 years have passed since the first lectin ricin was discovered. Since then, a wide variety of lectins (lect means "select" in Latin) have been isolated from plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, as well as viruses, and their structures and properties have been characterized. At present, as many as 48 protein scaffolds have been identified as functional lectins from the viewpoint of three-dimensional structures as described in this chapter. In this chapter, representative 53 lectins are selected, and their major properties that include hemagglutinating activity, mitogen activity, blood group specificity, molecular weight, metal requirement, and sugar specificities are summarized as a comprehensive table. The list will provide a practically useful, comprehensive list for not only experienced lectin users but also many other non-expert researchers, who are not familiar to lectins and, therefore, have no access to advanced lectin biotechnologies described in other chapters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Kobayashi
- J-Oil Mills, Inc., 11, Kagetoricho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 245-0064, Japan,
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41
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Pera NP, Pieters RJ. Towards bacterial adhesion-based therapeutics and detection methods. MEDCHEMCOMM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3md00346a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial adhesion is an important first step towards bacterial infection and plays a role in colonization, invasion and biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Parera Pera
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Utrecht University
- 3508 TB Utrecht
- The Netherlands
| | - Roland J. Pieters
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Utrecht University
- 3508 TB Utrecht
- The Netherlands
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42
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Geissner A, Anish C, Seeberger PH. Glycan arrays as tools for infectious disease research. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2013; 18:38-45. [PMID: 24534751 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2013.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2013] [Revised: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases cause millions of deaths worldwide each year and are a major burden for economies, especially in underdeveloped countries. Glycans and their interactions with other biomolecules are involved in all major steps of infection. Glycan arrays enable the rapid and sensitive detection of those interactions and are among the most powerful techniques to study the molecular biology of infectious diseases. This review will focus on recent developments and discuss the applications of glycan arrays to the elucidation of host-pathogen and pathogen-pathogen interactions, the development of tools for infection diagnosis and the use of glycan arrays in modern vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Geissner
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14424 Potsdam, Germany; Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Chakkumkal Anish
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14424 Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Peter H Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14424 Potsdam, Germany; Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
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43
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Houser J, Komarek J, Kostlanova N, Cioci G, Varrot A, Kerr SC, Lahmann M, Balloy V, Fahy JV, Chignard M, Imberty A, Wimmerova M. A soluble fucose-specific lectin from Aspergillus fumigatus conidia--structure, specificity and possible role in fungal pathogenicity. PLoS One 2013; 8:e83077. [PMID: 24340081 PMCID: PMC3858362 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus fumigatus is an important allergen and opportunistic pathogen. Similarly to many other pathogens, it is able to produce lectins that may be involved in the host-pathogen interaction. We focused on the lectin AFL, which was prepared in recombinant form and characterized. Its binding properties were studied using hemagglutination and glycan array analysis. We determined the specificity of the lectin towards l-fucose and fucosylated oligosaccharides, including α1-6 linked core-fucose, which is an important marker for cancerogenesis. Other biologically relevant saccharides such as sialic acid, d-mannose or d-galactose were not bound. Blood group epitopes of the ABH and Lewis systems were recognized, Le(Y) being the preferred ligand among others. To provide a correlation between the observed functional characteristics and structural basis, AFL was crystallized in a complex with methyl-α,L-selenofucoside and its structure was solved using the SAD method. Six binding sites, each with different compositions, were identified per monomer and significant differences from the homologous AAL lectin were found. Structure-derived peptides were utilized to prepare anti-AFL polyclonal antibodies, which suggested the presence of AFL on the Aspergillus' conidia, confirming its expression in vivo. Stimulation of human bronchial cells by AFL led to IL-8 production in a dose-dependent manner. AFL thus probably contributes to the inflammatory response observed upon the exposure of a patient to A. fumigatus. The combination of affinity to human epithelial epitopes, production by conidia and pro-inflammatory activity is remarkable and shows that AFL might be an important virulence factor involved in an early stage of A. fumigatus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Houser
- Central European Institute for Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Komarek
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Nikola Kostlanova
- Central European Institute for Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Gianluca Cioci
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France
| | - Annabelle Varrot
- CERMAV-CNRS affiliated to Université de Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Sheena C. Kerr
- Department of Medicine and CVRI, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Martina Lahmann
- School of Chemistry, University of Bangor, Bangor, United Kingdom
| | - Viviane Balloy
- Unité de Défense Innée et Inflammation, Institut Pasteur and INSERM U874, Paris, France
| | - John V. Fahy
- Department of Medicine and CVRI, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Michel Chignard
- Unité de Défense Innée et Inflammation, Institut Pasteur and INSERM U874, Paris, France
| | - Anne Imberty
- CERMAV-CNRS affiliated to Université de Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Michaela Wimmerova
- Central European Institute for Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
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44
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Topin J, Arnaud J, Sarkar A, Audfray A, Gillon E, Perez S, Jamet H, Varrot A, Imberty A, Thomas A. Deciphering the glycan preference of bacterial lectins by glycan array and molecular docking with validation by microcalorimetry and crystallography. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71149. [PMID: 23976992 PMCID: PMC3747263 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in glycobiology revealed the essential role of lectins for deciphering the glycocode by specific recognition of carbohydrates. Integrated multiscale approaches are needed for characterizing lectin specificity: combining on one hand high-throughput analysis by glycan array experiments and systematic molecular docking of oligosaccharide libraries and on the other hand detailed analysis of the lectin/oligosaccharide interaction by x-ray crystallography, microcalorimetry and free energy calculations. The lectins LecB from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and BambL from Burkholderia ambifaria are part of the virulence factors used by the pathogenic bacteria to invade the targeted host. These two lectins are not related but both recognize fucosylated oligosaccharides such as the histo-blood group oligosaccharides of the ABH(O) and Lewis epitopes. The specificities were characterized using semi-quantitative data from glycan array and analyzed by molecular docking with the Glide software. Reliable prediction of protein/oligosaccharide structures could be obtained as validated by existing crystal structures of complexes. Additionally, the crystal structure of BambL/Lewis x was determined at 1.6 Å resolution, which confirms that Lewis x has to adopt a high-energy conformation so as to bind to this lectin. Free energies of binding were calculated using a procedure combining the Glide docking protocol followed by free energy rescoring with the Prime/Molecular Mechanics Generalized Born Surface Area (MM-GBSA) method. The calculated data were in reasonable agreement with experimental free energies of binding obtained by titration microcalorimetry. The established predictive protocol is proposed to rationalize large sets of data such as glycan arrays and to help in lead discovery projects based on such high throughput technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremie Topin
- CERMAV- Centre national de la recherche scientifique UPR5301 (affiliated to Université Joseph Fourier and ICMG), BP53, 38041 Grenoble, France
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR- Centre national de la recherche scientifique 5250 & ICMG FR 2607, Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Julie Arnaud
- CERMAV- Centre national de la recherche scientifique UPR5301 (affiliated to Université Joseph Fourier and ICMG), BP53, 38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Anita Sarkar
- CERMAV- Centre national de la recherche scientifique UPR5301 (affiliated to Université Joseph Fourier and ICMG), BP53, 38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Aymeric Audfray
- CERMAV- Centre national de la recherche scientifique UPR5301 (affiliated to Université Joseph Fourier and ICMG), BP53, 38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Emilie Gillon
- CERMAV- Centre national de la recherche scientifique UPR5301 (affiliated to Université Joseph Fourier and ICMG), BP53, 38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Serge Perez
- CERMAV- Centre national de la recherche scientifique UPR5301 (affiliated to Université Joseph Fourier and ICMG), BP53, 38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Helene Jamet
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR- Centre national de la recherche scientifique 5250 & ICMG FR 2607, Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Annabelle Varrot
- CERMAV- Centre national de la recherche scientifique UPR5301 (affiliated to Université Joseph Fourier and ICMG), BP53, 38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Anne Imberty
- CERMAV- Centre national de la recherche scientifique UPR5301 (affiliated to Université Joseph Fourier and ICMG), BP53, 38041 Grenoble, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Aline Thomas
- CERMAV- Centre national de la recherche scientifique UPR5301 (affiliated to Université Joseph Fourier and ICMG), BP53, 38041 Grenoble, France
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45
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Ghequire MGK, De Canck E, Wattiau P, Van Winge I, Loris R, Coenye T, De Mot R. Antibacterial activity of a lectin-like Burkholderia cenocepacia protein. Microbiologyopen 2013; 2:566-75. [PMID: 23737242 PMCID: PMC3831624 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteriocins of the LlpA family have previously been characterized in the γ-proteobacteria Pseudomonas and Xanthomonas. These proteins are composed of two MMBL (monocot mannose-binding lectin) domains, a module predominantly and abundantly found in lectins from monocot plants. Genes encoding four different types of LlpA-like proteins were identified in genomes from strains belonging to the Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) and the Burkholderia pseudomallei group. A selected recombinant LlpA-like protein from the human isolate Burkholderia cenocepacia AU1054 displayed narrow-spectrum genus-specific antibacterial activity, thus representing the first functionally characterized bacteriocin within this β-proteobacterial genus. Strain-specific killing was confined to other members of the Bcc, with mostly Burkholderia ambifaria strains being susceptible. In addition to killing planktonic cells, this bacteriocin also acted as an antibiofilm agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten G K Ghequire
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, University of Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20 box 2460, 3001, Heverlee-Leuven, Belgium
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46
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Doknic D, Abramo M, Sutkeviciute I, Reinhardt A, Guzzi C, Schlegel MK, Potenza D, Nieto PM, Fieschi F, Seeberger PH, Bernardi A. Synthesis and Characterization of Linker-Armed Fucose-Based Glycomimetics. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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47
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Galaleldeen A, Taylor AB, Chen D, Schuermann JP, Holloway SP, Hou S, Gong S, Zhong G, Hart PJ. Structure of the Chlamydia trachomatis immunodominant antigen Pgp3. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:22068-79. [PMID: 23703617 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.475012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis infection is the most common sexually transmitted bacterial disease. Left untreated, it can lead to ectopic pregnancy, pelvic inflammatory disease, and infertility. Here we present the structure of the secreted C. trachomatis protein Pgp3, an immunodominant antigen and putative virulence factor. The ∼84-kDa Pgp3 homotrimer, encoded on a cryptic plasmid, consists of globular N- and C-terminal assemblies connected by a triple-helical coiled-coil. The C-terminal domains possess folds similar to members of the TNF family of cytokines. The closest Pgp3 C-terminal domain structural homologs include a lectin from Burkholderia cenocepacia, the C1q component of complement, and a portion of the Bacillus anthracis spore surface protein BclA, all of which play roles in bioadhesion. The N-terminal domain consists of a concatenation of structural motifs typically found in trimeric viral proteins. The central parallel triple-helical coiled-coil contains an unusual alternating pattern of apolar and polar residue pairs that generate a rare right-handed superhelical twist. The unique architecture of Pgp3 provides the basis for understanding its role in chlamydial pathogenesis and serves as the platform for its optimization as a potential vaccine antigen candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Galaleldeen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas 78229, USA
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48
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Reynolds M, Marradi M, Imberty A, Penadés S, Pérez S. Influence of ligand presentation density on the molecular recognition of mannose-functionalised glyconanoparticles by bacterial lectin BC2L-A. Glycoconj J 2013; 30:747-57. [PMID: 23666402 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-013-9478-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Polyvalent carbohydrate-protein interactions play a key role in bio- and pathological processes, including cell-cell communication and pathogen invasion. In order to study, control and manipulate these interactions gold nanoparticles have been employed as a 3D scaffold, presenting carbohydrate ligands in a multivalent fashion for use as high affinity binding partners and a model system for oligosaccharide presentation at biomacromolecular surfaces. In this study, the binding of a series of mannose-functionalised gold nanoparticles to the dimeric BC2L-A lectin from Burkholderia cenocepacia has been evaluated. BC2L-A is known to exhibit a high specificity for (oligo)mannosides. Due to the unique structure and binding nature of this lectin, it provides a useful tool to study (oligo)saccharides presented on multivalent scaffolds. Surface plasmon resonance and isothermal titration calorimetric assays were used to investigate the effect of ligand presentation density towards binding to the bacterial lectin. We show how a combination of structural complementarities between ligand presentation and lectin architecture and statistical re-binding effects are important for increasing the avidity of multivalent ligands for recognition by their protein receptors; further demonstrating the application of glyconanotechnology towards fundamental glycobiology research as well as a potential towards biomedical diagnostics and therapeutic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Reynolds
- Centre de Recherche sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV - CNRS), affiliated with Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble and ICMG, BP 53, 38041, Grenoble, France
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49
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Audfray A, Varrot A, Imberty A. Bacteria love our sugars: Interaction between soluble lectins and human fucosylated glycans, structures, thermodynamics and design of competing glycocompounds. CR CHIM 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2012.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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50
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Ligeour C, Audfray A, Gillon E, Meyer A, Galanos N, Vidal S, Vasseur JJ, Imberty A, Morvan F. Synthesis of branched-phosphodiester and mannose-centered fucosylated glycoclusters and their binding studies with Burkholderia ambifaria lectin (BambL). RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra43807d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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