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Schröder L, Mallmann MR, Domroese CM, Wefers N, Dolscheid-Pommerich R, Stoffel-Wagner B, Trulson I, Vahldiek K, Klawonn F, Holdenrieder S. Method Comparison and Clinical Performance of Breast Cancer Tumor Markers on Novel Multiplex Immunoassay and Automatized LOCI Technology Platforms. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3101. [PMID: 37835844 PMCID: PMC10572608 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13193101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor marker determinations are valuable tools for the guidance of breast cancer patients during the course of disease. They are assessed on diverse analytical platforms that may be associated with differences according to the methods applied and the clinical performance. To investigate the method dependency and clinical significance of breast cancer protein tumor markers, CEA, CA 15-3, CA 125, CA 19-9 and AFP were measured in a total of 154 biobanked samples from 77 patients with breast cancer, 10 with DCIS, 31 with benign breast diseases and 36 healthy controls using a Millipore multiplex biomarker panel (MP) and an automized version of the routinely used Vista LOCI technology. The markers were compared between methods and investigated for diagnostic performance. CEA, CA 15-3 and AFP showed good correlations between both platforms with correlation coefficients of R = 0.85, 0.85 and 0.92, respectively, in all samples, but similarly also in the various subgroups. CA 125 and CA 19-9 showed only moderate correlations (R = 0.71 and 0.56, respectively). Absolute values were significantly higher for CEA, CA 15-3, CA 125 and AFP in the Vista LOCI as compared with the MP method and vice versa for CA 19-9. The diagnostic performance for discrimination of breast cancer from healthy controls was similar for both methods with AUCs in ROC curves for CEA (MP 0.81, 95% CI 0.72-0.91; LOCI 0.81; 95% CI 0.72-0.91) and CA-15-3 (MP 0.75, 95% CI 0.65-0.86; LOCI 0.67, 95% CI 0.54-0.79). Similar results were obtained for the comparison of breast cancer with benign breast diseases regarding CEA (AUC MP 0.62, 95% CI 0.51-0.73; LOCI 0.64, 95% CI 0.53-0.74) and CA-15-3 (MP 0.70, 95% CI 0.6-0.81; LOCI 0.66, 95% CI 0.54-0.77). Both platforms show moderate to good method comparability for tumor markers with similar clinical performance. However, absolute levels in individual patients should be interpreted with care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Schröder
- Department of Gynecology, Ketteler-Hospital Offenbach, 63071 Offenbach, Germany
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael R Mallmann
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian M Domroese
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Natalie Wefers
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ramona Dolscheid-Pommerich
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Birgit Stoffel-Wagner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Inga Trulson
- Munich Biomarker Research Center, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, German Heart Center, Technical University Munich, 80636 Munich, Germany
| | - Kai Vahldiek
- Department of Computer Science, Ostfalia University, 38302 Wolfenbüttel, Germany
| | - Frank Klawonn
- Munich Biomarker Research Center, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, German Heart Center, Technical University Munich, 80636 Munich, Germany
- Department of Computer Science, Ostfalia University, 38302 Wolfenbüttel, Germany
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Biostatistics, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Stefan Holdenrieder
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Munich Biomarker Research Center, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, German Heart Center, Technical University Munich, 80636 Munich, Germany
- Center for the Evaluation of Biomarkers, 81679 Munich, Germany
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Chaithanya P, Meshram RJ. Chemo Markers as Biomarkers in Septic Shock: A Comprehensive Review of Their Utility and Clinical Applications. Cureus 2023; 15:e42558. [PMID: 37637638 PMCID: PMC10460194 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition characterized by a dysregulated host response to infection, often leading to septic shock. Early diagnosis and prompt intervention are crucial for improving patient outcomes. Chemo markers, which are measurable biological substances associated with the pathophysiology of septic shock, have emerged as potential biomarkers for the identification, risk stratification, and management of this condition. This comprehensive review aims to thoroughly evaluate the utility and clinical applications of chemo markers in septic shock. The review begins by discussing the criteria for ideal chemo markers, including specificity, sensitivity, dynamic range, stability, non-invasiveness, and prognostic value. These characteristics ensure accurate diagnosis, early detection, effective monitoring, and prediction of clinical outcomes. Furthermore, the review explores the role of chemo markers in monitoring treatment response and disease progression, highlighting their ability to serve as objective indicators for assessing the effectiveness of interventions and making timely adjustments in management strategies. Moreover, the prognostic value of chemo markers in predicting outcomes is discussed, emphasizing their association with mortality, hospital stays, and the development of complications. Integration of chemo markers into prognostic models or scoring systems enhances risk stratification and informs therapeutic decisions. The review also delves into recent advances in chemo marker research and technology, emphasizing the potential for discovering novel chemo markers with enhanced diagnostic and prognostic capabilities. It highlights the use of high-throughput proteomics, genomics, and transcriptomics in identifying specific molecular signatures associated with septic shock. This contributes to a deeper understanding of the complex immune and inflammatory responses involved. In conclusion, chemo markers have emerged as valuable biomarkers in septic shock, offering potential utility in diagnosis, risk stratification, treatment monitoring, and prediction of outcomes. Continued research, validation, and integration into clinical practice are necessary to fully realize their potential in improving patient care and outcomes in septic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pulivarthi Chaithanya
- Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Revat J Meshram
- Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, IND
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Dlamini IS, Gounden V, Moodley N. Evaluation of tumour marker utilisation and impact of electronic gatekeeping in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Afr J Lab Med 2023; 12:2027. [PMID: 37434992 PMCID: PMC10331048 DOI: 10.4102/ajlm.v12i1.2027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Inappropriate testing remains a high healthcare cost driver. Tumour marker tests are more expensive than routine chemistry testing. Implementing test demand management systems like electronic gatekeeping (EGK) has reportedly decreased test requests. Objective This study aimed to describe the appropriateness of tumour marker tests, carcinoembryonic antigen, alpha foetal protein, prostate-specific antigen, carbohydrate antigen 19-9, cancer antigen 15-3, cancer antigen 125, and human chorionic gonadotropin, and determine the effectiveness of the EGK used in the public health sector in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Methods Tumour marker test data for the KwaZulu-Natal province were extracted from the National Health Laboratory Service Central Data Warehouse for 01 January 2017 - 30 June 2017 (pre-EGK) and 01 January 2018 - 30 June 2018 (post-EGK implementation). Questionnaires were sent to the clinicians in the regional hospitals ordering the most tumour marker tests to assess ordering practices. In addition, we assessed monthly rejection reports to determine the effect of the EGK. Results The EGK minimally reduced tumour marker requests or associated costs (1.4% average EGK rejection rate). An overall 18% increase in the tumour marker tests occurred in 2018. The data suggest inappropriate tumour marker test utilisation, particularly for screening. Conclusion The introduction of EGK as a test demand management had little impact on tumour marker test requests and costs. Continuous education and reiteration of indications for tumour marker test use are required. What this study adds This study demonstrates the ineffectiveness of EGK in tumour marker orders, and provides some insight as to why these markers are being ordered, which is important in trying to decrease inappropriate ordering of these tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Immaculate S. Dlamini
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Laboratory Medicine, National Health Laboratory Service, Durban, South Africa
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Laboratory Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Verena Gounden
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Laboratory Medicine, National Health Laboratory Service, Durban, South Africa
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Laboratory Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Nareshni Moodley
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Laboratory Medicine, National Health Laboratory Service, Durban, South Africa
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Laboratory Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Filella X, Rodríguez-Garcia M, Fernández-Galán E. Clinical usefulness of circulating tumor markers. Clin Chem Lab Med 2022; 61:895-905. [PMID: 36394981 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2022-1090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Tumor markers are a heterogeneous group of substances released by cancer cells into bloodstream, but also expressed by healthy tissues. Thus, very small concentrations can be present in plasma and serum from healthy subjects. Cancer patients tend to show increased levels correlating with tumor bulk, but false positive results could be present in patients with benign conditions. The correct interpretation of TM results could be challenging and many factors should be considered, from pre-analytical conditions to patient concomitant diseases. In this line, the Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine journal has made important contributions though several publications promoting the adequate use of TM and therefore improving patient safety. TM measurement offers valuable information for cancer patient management in different clinical contexts, such as helping diagnosis, estimating prognosis, facilitating early detection of relapse and monitoring therapy response. Our review analyzes the clinical usefulness of tumor markers applied in most frequent epithelial tumors, based on recent evidence and guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Filella
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (CDB) , Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS , Barcelona , Catalonia , Spain
| | - María Rodríguez-Garcia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (CDB) , Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS , Barcelona , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Esther Fernández-Galán
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (CDB) , Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS , Barcelona , Catalonia , Spain
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Hussein Hameedi B, Hussain Mahdi AAA, Shalash Sultan A. Estimation of Epidermal growth factor (EGF), HER2, CA15-3 and Acid phosphatase in Iraqi breast cancer women. BIONATURA 2022. [DOI: 10.21931/rb/2022.07.03.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of frequent cancer that affects millions of people worldwide. Delayed diagnosis of these cancers has raised mortality and morbidity. Cancer biomarkers have tremendously increased the efficacy of treatment and the effectiveness of detection. This study aimed to investigate some biomarkers, including EGF, HER2, CA15-3, and Acid phosphatase, associated with early breast cancer (BC) diagnosis in Iraqi women. Carried on 90 Samples, the patients attended the Center for Early Detection of Breast Tumor at an oncology teaching hospital in Medical City. The study was conducted between 15/February (2021) and 20/July (2021). The consultant medical personnel made the diagnosis based on a Triple Assessment Technique, including physical breast examination, ultrasonography, with or without mammography and fine needle aspiration cytology. Female patients were divided into three groups (Benign, malignant and control). Benign B(34 patients) was split into subgroups, including. Benign premenopausal group B1(17 patients) Benign post-menopausal group B2(17patients) and malignant M(34 patients), malignant premenopausal group M1(17 patients) and malignant post-menopausal group M2(17 patients), and control group C include (11) premenopausal stage C1and (11) post-menopausal group C2. The value of EGF in Malignant cancer M1 (179.80 ±19.07) and M2(130.59 ±18.59)shows a highly significant (P≤0>05) increase in comparison with benign cancer and B2 and healthy control C1and C2 groups, respectively but B1 and B2 shows high significant (P≤0>05)decrease in comparison with C1 and C2 respectively. The values of HER2 show in B2(1.377±0.10); M1(11.76±0.10), and M2(11.79±0.09) increased significantly(P≤0.05) in comparison with C1, C2, B1 respectively. The values of CA-15-3 in M1 and M2 increase significantly(P≤0.05) compared with C1, C2, B1, and B2. The values of acid phosphatase in pre-and post-menopausal males in M1 and M2 increased significantly (p<0.05) compared with C1andC2.
Keywords: Epidermal growth factor, breast cancer, Acid phosphatase, HER2, CA15-3
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Affiliation(s)
- Ban Hussein Hameedi
- 1 Department of Biology, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq University of Baghdad, College of Nursing, Department of Basic Science, Iraq, Baghdad
| | | | - Ali Shalash Sultan
- Department of Science, College of Basic Education, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
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Jones GRD, Delatour V, Badrick T. Metrological traceability and clinical traceability of laboratory results - the role of commutability in External Quality Assurance. Clin Chem Lab Med 2022; 60:669-674. [PMID: 35179002 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2022-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The role of an External Quality Assurance (EQA) program is generally seen as providing a service to routine laboratories that their analytical performance is satisfactory and stimulating corrective action in the event of poor results. It is recognised that an ideal EQA program uses materials that are commutable with patient samples and have values assigned by higher-order reference methods. Despite this, most routine EQA programs use materials without verified commutability and use consensus means (based on either peer group or all laboratories) as target values. We propose an ongoing role for EQA programs using non-commutable materials and consensus targets to support the measurement services of routine laboratories. This is provided the relevant comparators supplied by the laboratory, e.g. reference intervals and clinical decision points, are based on the same or equivalent measurement system as is used by the laboratory. Materials without verified commutability often have certain practical advantages, which may include the range of analyte concentrations, verified stability, replicate samples and, significantly, lower costs. Laboratories using such programs need to be aware of the limitations, especially comparing results from different measurement systems. However, we also recognise that as well as individual laboratories, data from EQA programs informs manufacturers, professional organisations, clinical guideline writers and other medical bodies For consideration beyond an individual laboratory, proper assessment of differences between measurement systems (results harmonization) and demonstration of correct implementation of metrological traceability (methods trueness) become vital, and for that purpose, commutability of EQA materials and traceability of target values are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham R D Jones
- St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- University of NSW, Sydney, Australia
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7
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Marques-Garcia F, Boned B, González-Lao E, Braga F, Carobene A, Coskun A, Díaz-Garzón J, Fernández-Calle P, Perich MC, Simon M, Jonker N, Aslan B, Bartlett WA, Sandberg S, Aarsand AK. Critical review and meta-analysis of biological variation estimates for tumor markers. Clin Chem Lab Med 2022; 60:494-504. [PMID: 35143717 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2021-0725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Biological variation data (BV) can be used for different applications, but this depends on the availability of robust and relevant BV data. In this study, we aimed to summarize and appraise BV studies for tumor markers, to examine the influence of study population characteristics and concentrations on BV estimates and to discuss the applicability of BV data for tumor markers in clinical practice. METHODS Studies reporting BV data for tumor markers related to gastrointestinal, prostate, breast, ovarian, haematological, lung, and dermatological cancers were identified by a systematic literature search. Relevant studies were evaluated by the Biological Variation Data Critical Appraisal Checklist (BIVAC) and meta-analyses were performed for BIVAC compliant studies to deliver global estimates of within-subject (CVI) and between-subject (CVG) BV with 95% CI. RESULTS The systematic review identified 49 studies delivering results for 22 tumor markers; four papers received BIVAC grade A, 3 B, 27 C and 15 D. Out of these, 29 CVI and 29 CVG estimates met the criteria to be included in the meta-analysis. Robust data are lacking to conclude on the relationship between BV and different disease states and tumor marker concentrations. CONCLUSIONS This review identifies a lack of high-quality BV studies for many tumor markers and a need for delivery of BIVAC compliant studies, including in different, disease states and tumor marker concentrations. As of yet, the state-of-the-art may still be the most appropriate model to establish analytical performance specifications for the majority of tumor markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Marques-Garcia
- Biochemistry Department, Metropolitan North Clinical Laboratory (LCMN), Germans Trias i Pujol Universitary Hospital, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,Spanish Society of Laboratory Medicine (SEQCML), Analytical Quality Commission, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Boned
- Spanish Society of Laboratory Medicine (SEQCML), Analytical Quality Commission, Barcelona, Spain.,Royo Villanova Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Elisabet González-Lao
- Spanish Society of Laboratory Medicine (SEQCML), Analytical Quality Commission, Barcelona, Spain.,Quality Healthcare Consulting, Grupo ACMS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Federica Braga
- Research Centre for Metrological Traceability in Laboratory Medicine (CIRME), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Carobene
- Servizio Medicina di Laboratorio, Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Abdurrahman Coskun
- School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, Atasehir, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Jorge Díaz-Garzón
- Spanish Society of Laboratory Medicine (SEQCML), Analytical Quality Commission, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Fernández-Calle
- Spanish Society of Laboratory Medicine (SEQCML), Analytical Quality Commission, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Carmen Perich
- Spanish Society of Laboratory Medicine (SEQCML), Analytical Quality Commission, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Margarida Simon
- Spanish Society of Laboratory Medicine (SEQCML), Analytical Quality Commission, Barcelona, Spain.,Consortium of Laboratory Intercomarcal Alt Penedès and Garraf l'Anoia, Vilafranca del Penedès, Spain
| | - Niels Jonker
- Certe-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis Assen, Assen, The Netherlands
| | - Berna Aslan
- Institute for Quality Management in Healthcare (IQMH), Centre for Proficiency Testing, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Sverre Sandberg
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Norwegian Porphyria Centre, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Norwegian Organization for Quality Improvement of Laboratory Examinations (NOKLUS), Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Global Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Aasne K Aarsand
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Norwegian Porphyria Centre, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Norwegian Organization for Quality Improvement of Laboratory Examinations (NOKLUS), Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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8
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Khader A, Bokhari R, Hakimelahi R, Scheirey C, Afnan J, Braschi-Amirfarzan M, Thomas R. A radiologist’s guide to novel anticancer therapies in the era of precision medicine. Eur J Radiol Open 2022; 9:100406. [PMID: 35265736 PMCID: PMC8899228 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejro.2022.100406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel anticancer agents have replaced conventional chemotherapy as first line agents for many cancers, with continued new and expanding indications. Small molecule inhibitors act on cell surface or intracellular targets and prevent the downstream signaling that would otherwise permit tumor growth and spread. Anticancer antibodies can be directed against growth factors or may be immunotherapeutic agents. The latter act by inhibiting mechanisms that cancer cells use to evade the immune system. Hormonal agents act by decreasing levels of hormones that are necessary for the growth of certain cancer cells. Cancer therapy protocols often include novel anticancer agents and conventional chemotherapy used successively or in combination, in order to maximize survival and minimize morbidity. A working knowledge of anti-cancer drug classification will aid the radiologist in assessing response on imaging. Novel anticancer agents include small molecule inhibitors, antibodies and hormones. These agents are predominantly cytostatic and inhibit factors that provide a survival advantage to tumor cells. Modern cancer therapy employs a combination of novel anticancer agents and conventional chemotherapy. It is essential for radiologists to have a broad understanding of these agents and their mechanisms of action.
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9
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Bosch X, Molina R, Marrades R, Augé JM, Pellicé M, López-Soto A. Tumour markers with clinically controlled cut-offs for suspected cancer. Eur J Clin Invest 2021; 51:e13523. [PMID: 33594702 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to insufficient scientific evidence, panels of tumour markers (TMs) are currently not recommended for use in suspected cancer. However, recent well-designed studies have revealed a potential clinical value in lung cancer. We analysed the diagnostic accuracy of a panel of 11 circulating TMs with clinically controlled thresholds in the differentiation of cancer from nonmalignant diseases. METHODS We prospectively recruited 4776 consecutive patients presenting with focal or nonspecific symptoms suggestive of cancer who underwent testing for 11 serum TMs before diagnosis was known. The study abided by 2015 STARD guidelines. Tumour markers included, among others, carbohydrate antigen 19-9, carcinoembryonic antigen, alpha-fetoprotein, squamous cell carcinoma-associated antigen, prostate-specific antigen (males), neuron-specific enolase, progastrin-releasing peptide and carbohydrate antigen 125. Thresholds were adjusted for the presence of kidney failure, liver disease, effusions and dermatological disorders. Results showing ≥1 TMs with concentrations above threshold were considered positive. RESULTS Benign diseases were diagnosed in 3281 (68.7%) patients and cancer in 1495 (31.3%), with epithelial cancers in 1214 (77% at stage IV). When applying criteria for controlled thresholds, overall specificity was 98%. Overall sensitivity of the panel in epithelial cancers was 72.2%, positive predictive value 93% and negative predictive value 90.5%. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.920 (95% confidence interval, 0.902-0.924). CONCLUSIONS By using clinically controlled cut-offs, the combined panel demonstrated an excellent ability to discriminate epithelial cancers from nonmalignant diseases. However, its use in clinical practice would need formal validation through a multicentre controlled trial assessing a panel-guided strategy vs. standard diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Bosch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Molina
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry (Unit for Cancer Research), Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Marrades
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep M Augé
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry (Unit for Cancer Research), Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Martina Pellicé
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alfonso López-Soto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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10
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He X, Xue N, Liu X, Tang X, Peng S, Qu Y, Jiang L, Xu Q, Liu W, Chen S. A novel clinical model for predicting malignancy of solitary pulmonary nodules: a multicenter study in chinese population. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:115. [PMID: 33596917 PMCID: PMC7890629 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01810-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to establish and validate a novel clinical model to differentiate between benign and malignant solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs). Methods
Records from 295 patients with SPNs in Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center were retrospectively reviewed. The novel prediction model was established using LASSO logistic regression analysis by integrating clinical features, radiologic characteristics and laboratory test data, the calibration of model was analyzed using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test (HL test). Subsequently, the model was compared with PKUPH, Shanghai and Mayo models using receiver-operating characteristics curve (ROC), decision curve analysis (DCA), net reclassification improvement index (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement index (IDI) with the same data. Other 101 SPNs patients in Henan Tumor Hospital were used for external validation cohort. Results A total of 11 variables were screened out and then aggregated to generate new prediction model. The model showed good calibration with the HL test (P = 0.964). The AUC for our model was 0.768, which was higher than other three reported models. DCA also showed our model was superior to the other three reported models. In our model, sensitivity = 78.84%, specificity = 61.32%. Compared with the PKUPH, Shanghai and Mayo models, the NRI of our model increased by 0.177, 0.127, and 0.396 respectively, and the IDI changed − 0.019, -0.076, and 0.112, respectively. Furthermore, the model was significant positive correlation with PKUPH, Shanghai and Mayo models. Conclusions The novel model in our study had a high clinical value in diagnose of MSPNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, 510060, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Xue
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Digestive Tumor Markers, Henan, 450008, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, 510060, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemiao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, 510060, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Songguo Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, 510060, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanye Qu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Digestive Tumor Markers, Henan, 450008, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Jiang
- Department of Radiology , Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Henan, 450008, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingxia Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Digestive Tumor Markers, Henan, 450008, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, 510060, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shulin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, 510060, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China. .,Research Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangdong, 510080, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Garcia-Valdecasas Gayo S, Ruiz-Alvarez MJ, Gonzalez-Gay D, Ramos-Corral R, Marquez-Lietor E, Del Amo N, Plata MDC, Guillén-Santos R, Arribas I, Cava-Valenciano F. CYFRA 21-1 in patients with suspected cancer: evaluation of an optimal cutoff to assess the diagnostic efficacy and prognostic value. ADVANCES IN LABORATORY MEDICINE 2020; 1:20200005. [PMID: 37360615 PMCID: PMC10197668 DOI: 10.1515/almed-2020-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Chosen cutoff for cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen (CYFRA 21-1) as a tumor biomarker considerably influences its diagnostic and prognostic usefulness. The aim of the present study is to determine an optimal cutoff value for diagnostic validity of CYFRA 21-1 by Lumipulse ® technology in patients with suspected cancer and also to determine if CYFRA 21-1 levels provide prognostic value. Methods A consecutive 284 patients suggestive of malignant disease from six hospitals of Madrid were enrolled in a retrospective design. Optimal CYFRA 21-1 cutoff value was obtained by receiver operating characteristic curve and Youden test. The diagnostic validity was evaluated according to sensitivity, specificity, predictive values and likelihood ratios. The prognostic value of CYFRA 21-1 was checked using multiple logistic regression. Thirty-two diagnostic cancers were confirmed. Results The most optimal cutoff was 3.15 ng/mL. This cutoff showed a better specificity 93.63% (95% confidence interval [CI], 89.66-96.16), positive predictive value 60.98% (95% CI, 44.54-75.38) and positive likelihood ratio 12.65 (95% CI, 7.64-20.95) than the cutoff recommended by Fujirebio® (1.8 ng/mL) (specificity: 73.71% [95% CI, 67.72-78.95], positive predictive value: 29.79% [95% CI, 21.02-40.23] and positive likelihood ratio 3.43 [95% CI, 2.71-4.35]), improving the current diagnostic accuracy. In multivariate analysis, elevated levels of CYFRA 21-1 (>3.15 ng/mL) was confirmed as an unfavorable prognostic factor. Conclusions The best cutoff for CYFRA 21-1 obtained was 3.15 ng/mL in patients with suspected cancer. This new cutoff decreases the false positive rate and improves the diagnostic efficacy of CYFRA 21-1 as a tumor marker as well as its association with death events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonsoles Garcia-Valdecasas Gayo
- Central Laboratory BR Salud, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Infanta Sofia University Hospital, San Sebastian de los Reyes, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Jesus Ruiz-Alvarez
- Central Laboratory BR Salud, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Infanta Sofia University Hospital, San Sebastian de los Reyes, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Gonzalez-Gay
- Central Laboratory BR Salud, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Infanta Sofia University Hospital, San Sebastian de los Reyes, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Ramos-Corral
- Central Laboratory BR Salud, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Infanta Sofia University Hospital, San Sebastian de los Reyes, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Marquez-Lietor
- Central Laboratory BR Salud, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Infanta Sofia University Hospital, San Sebastian de los Reyes, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nazaret Del Amo
- Central Laboratory BR Salud, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Infanta Sofia University Hospital, San Sebastian de los Reyes, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria del Carmen Plata
- Central Laboratory BR Salud, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Infanta Sofia University Hospital, San Sebastian de los Reyes, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Guillén-Santos
- Central Laboratory BR Salud, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Infanta Sofia University Hospital, San Sebastian de los Reyes, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Arribas
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, San Sebastian de los Reyes, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Cava-Valenciano
- Central Laboratory BR Salud, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Infanta Sofia University Hospital, San Sebastian de los Reyes, Madrid, Spain
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12
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Kim J, Yeo I, Kim H, Sohn A, Kim Y, Kim Y. Web portal for analytical validation of MRM-MS assay abided with integrative multinational guidelines. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10848. [PMID: 32616742 PMCID: PMC7331696 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67731-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple reaction monitoring-mass spectrometry became a mainstream method for quantitative proteomics, which made the validation of a method and the analyzed data important. In this portal for validation of the MRM-MS assay, we developed a website that automatically evaluates uploaded MRM-MS data, based on biomarker assay guidelines from the European Medicines Agency, the US Food & Drug Administration, and the Korea Food & Drug Administration. The portal reads a Skyline output file and produces the following results—calibration curve, specificity, sensitivity, carryover, precision, recovery, matrix effect, recovery, dilution integrity, stability, and QC—according to the standards of each independent agency. The final tables and figures that pertain to the 11 evaluation categories are displayed in an individual page. Spring boot was used as a framework for development of the webpage, which follows MVC Pattern. JSP, HTML, XML, and Java Script were used to develop the webpage. A server was composed of Apache Tomcat, MySQL. Input files were skyline-derived output files (csv file), and each files were organized by specific columns in order. SQL, JAVA were interworked to evaluate all the categories and show the results. Method Validation Portal can be accessed via any kind of explorer from https://pnbvalid.snu.ac.kr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaenyeon Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program of Bioengineering, Seoul National University College of Engineering, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Injoon Yeo
- Interdisciplinary Program of Bioengineering, Seoul National University College of Engineering, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyunsoo Kim
- Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering, MRC, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Areum Sohn
- Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering, MRC, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoseop Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program of Bioengineering, Seoul National University College of Engineering, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Youngsoo Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program of Bioengineering, Seoul National University College of Engineering, Seoul, South Korea. .,Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering, MRC, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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13
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Barbirou M, Sghaier I, Bedoui S, Ben Abderrazek R, Kraiem H, Farah A, Hassiki R, Mokrani A, Mezlini A, Almawi WY, Loueslati-Yacoubi B, Bouhaouala-Zahar B. KCNB1 gene polymorphisms and related indel as predictor biomarkers of treatment response for colorectal cancer - toward a personalized medicine. Tumour Biol 2020; 42:1010428320925237. [PMID: 32484056 DOI: 10.1177/1010428320925237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The KCNB1 gene variants were differentially associated with cancers. However, their association with colorectal cancer has not yet been explored. We investigated the contribution of the KCNB1 gene variants rs3331, rs1051295, and indel (insertion/deletion) rs11468831 Polymorphism as predictors of the treatment response in colorectal cancer patients. A retrospective study, which involved 291 Tunisian colorectal cancer patients (aged 60.0 ± 13.1 years), who were stratified into responder and non-responder groups, according to TNM stages and their responsiveness to chemotherapy based on fluorouracil. KCNB1 genotyping was performed with amplification-refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction, and was confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Sex-specific response was found and colorectal cancer females are less likely to achieve a positive response during the chemotherapy strategy, compared to males. Weight and body mass index, tumor size, and tumor localization are considered as predictive factors to treatment responsiveness. Carriage of rs11468831 Ins allele was significantly associated with successful therapy achievement (p adjusted < 0.001). Stratification of colorectal cancer patients' response according to tumor localization and TNM stages reveals negative association of rs3331 Major allele to treatment response among the patients with advanced cancer stages (subgroup G2). The presence of rs3331 (homozygous minor) C/C genotype was positively associated with decline in carcino-embryonic antigen (p = 0.043) and CA19-9 (p = 0.014) serum levels. On the other hand, the presence of rs1051295 (homozygous minor) A/A genotype was correlated with marked decline in CA19-9 serum levels. KCNB1 haplotype did not reveal any association between haplotypes and treatment response. The results obtained suggest that gender-specific strategies for screening treatment and prevention protocols as well as KCNB1 variants may constitute an effective model for ongoing personalization medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouadh Barbirou
- Laboratory of Venoms and Therapeutic Molecules, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis Belvédère- University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Department of Health Management and Informatics, Center for Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Ikram Sghaier
- Department of Health Management and Informatics, Center for Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sinda Bedoui
- Laboratory of Mycology, Pathologies and Biomarkers, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Rahma Ben Abderrazek
- Laboratory of Venoms and Therapeutic Molecules, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis Belvédère- University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hazar Kraiem
- Laboratory of Venoms and Therapeutic Molecules, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis Belvédère- University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Azer Farah
- Laboratory of Venoms and Therapeutic Molecules, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis Belvédère- University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Rym Hassiki
- Laboratory of Venoms and Therapeutic Molecules, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis Belvédère- University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | | | | | - Wassim Y Almawi
- Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Besma Loueslati-Yacoubi
- Laboratory of Mycology, Pathologies and Biomarkers, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Balkiss Bouhaouala-Zahar
- Laboratory of Venoms and Therapeutic Molecules, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis Belvédère- University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Medicine School of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
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14
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Lech Pedersen N, Mertz Petersen M, Ladd JJ, Lampe PD, Bresalier RS, Davis GJ, Demuth C, Jensen SØ, Andersen CL, Ferm L, Christensen IJ, Nielsen HJ. Development of blood-based biomarker tests for early detection of colorectal neoplasia: Influence of blood collection timing and handling procedures. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 507:39-53. [PMID: 32272156 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Blood-based, cancer-associated biomarkers are susceptible to a variety of well-known preanalytical factors. The influence of bowel preparation before a diagnostic colonoscopy on biomarker levels is, however, poorly investigated. The present study assessed the influence of bowel preparation on colorectal cancer-associated biomarkers. In addition, the effect of single versus double centrifugation of plasma biomarkers was assessed. METHODS Blood samples were collected pre- and post-bowel preparation from 125 subjects scheduled for first time diagnostic colonoscopy due to symptoms attributable to CRC. The samples were separated into serum and EDTA plasma, and analyzed by four independent collaborators for: 1) the proteins AFP, CA19-9, CEA, hs-CRP, CyFra21-1, Ferritin, Galectin-3 and TIMP-1, 2) the proteins BAG4, IL6ST, vWF, CD44 and EGFR, 3) the glycoprotein Galectin-3 ligand, and 4) cell-free DNA (cfDNA). Statistical analysis of biomarker data has been performed using mixed modelling, including repeated measures. RESULTS The biomarkers generally showed negligible variation between pre- and post-bowel preparation except for CyFra21-1, Ferritin, BAG4 and cfDNA. CyFra21-1 levels were systematically reduced with 29% (95% CI 21-36%) by bowel preparation (p ≤ 0.0001). Ferritin was not significantly different between pre- and post-bowel preparation (p = 0.07), however the estimated difference (increase) was 18%. BAG4 was systematically reduced by 12% (95% CI 1-22%, p = 0.04), while cfDNA showed a significant increase of 28% (95% CI 17-39%, p < 0.0001). Double centrifugation compared to single centrifugation showed reduced vWF (ratio 0.86, p ≤ 0.0001) and CD44 (ratio 0.85, p = 0.016), but increased IL6ST levels (ratio 1.18, p = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS Results of the present study demonstrated systematic, statistically significant differences between pre-bowel and post-bowel preparation levels for three independent blood-based biomarkers (BAG4, CyFra21-1, cfDNA), illustrating the importance of timing of sample collection for biomarker analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Lech Pedersen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Mathias Mertz Petersen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark. http://www.colorectalcancer.dk
| | - Jon J Ladd
- Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paul D Lampe
- Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Robert S Bresalier
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gerard J Davis
- Abbott Laboratories Inc., Cancer Core R&D, Abbott Park, IL, USA
| | - Christina Demuth
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark
| | - Sarah Ø Jensen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark
| | - Claus L Andersen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark
| | - Linnea Ferm
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Ib J Christensen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Hans J Nielsen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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15
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Abstract
Biomarkers that focus on lung cancer risk assessment, detection, prognosis, diagnosis, and personalized treatment are in various stages of development. This article provides an overview of lung cancer biomarker development, focusing on clinical utility and highlighting 2 unmet clinical needs: selection of high-risk patients for lung cancer screening and differentiation of early lung cancer from benign pulmonary nodules. The authors highlight biomarkers under development and those lung cancer screening and nodule management biomarkers post-clinical validation. Finally, trends in lung cancer biomarker development that may improve accuracy and accelerate implementation in practice are discussed.
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16
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Fang B. Introduction to this Special Issue: "Biomarker Discovery and Precision Medicine". JOURNAL OF CANCER METASTASIS AND TREATMENT 2020; 6. [PMID: 34778566 PMCID: PMC8589333 DOI: 10.20517/2394-4722.2019.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bingliang Fang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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17
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Advances in Diagnostic Procedures and Their Applications in the Era of Cancer Immunotherapy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1244:37-50. [PMID: 32301009 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-41008-7_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diagnostic procedures play critical roles in cancer immunotherapy. In this chapter, we briefly discuss three major diagnostic procedures widely used in immunotherapy: immunohistochemistry, next-generation sequencing, and flow cytometry. We also describe the uses of other diagnostic procedures and preclinical animal models in cancer immunotherapy translational research.
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18
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Yao Y, Yan C, Zhang W, Wu SG, Guan J, Zeng G, Du Q, Huang C, Zhang H, Wang H, Hou Y, Li Z, Wang L, Zheng Y, Li X. Development and validation of a novel diagnostic model for assessing lung cancer metastasis in a Chinese population based on multicenter real-world data. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:9213-9223. [PMID: 31807063 PMCID: PMC6827356 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s217970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Accurate disease staging plays an important role in lung cancer's clinical management. However, due to the limitation of the CT scan, it is still an unmet medical need in practice. In the present study, we attempted to develop diagnostic models based on biomarkers and clinical parameters for assessing lung cancer metastasis. Methods This study consisted of 799 patients with pulmonary lesions from three regional centers in China. It included 274 benign lesions patients, 326 primary lung cancer patients without metastasis, and 199 advanced lung cancer patients with lymph node or organ metastasis. The patients were divided into nodules group and masses group according to tumor size. Results Four nomogram models based on patient characteristics and tumor biomarkers were developed and evaluated for patients with nodules and masses, respectively. In patients with pulmonary nodules, the AUC to identify metastatic lung cancer from unidentified nodules (including benign nodules and lung cancer, model 1) reached 0.859 (0.827–0.887, 95% CI). Model 2 was used to predict metastasis in patients with lung cancer with AUC of 0.838 (0.795–0.876, 95% CI). In patients with pulmonary masses, the AUC to identify metastatic lung cancer from unidentified masses (model 3) reached 0.773 (0.717–0.823, 95% CI). Model 4 was used to predict metastasis in patients with lung cancer and AUC reached 0.731 (0.771–0.793, 95% CI). Decision curve analysis corroborated good clinical applicability of the nomograms in predicting metastasis. Conclusion All new models demonstrated promising discrimination, allowing for estimating the risk of lymph node or organ metastasis of lung cancer. Such integration of blood biomarker testing with CT imaging results will be an efficient and effective approach to benefit the accurate staging and treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyong Yao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Cunling Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - San-Gang Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Guan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Zeng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Du
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Laboratory, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiling Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfeng Hou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixin Wang
- Department of TCM and Western Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijie Zheng
- Medical Scientific Affairs, Abbott Diagnostics Division, Abbott Laboratories, Asian Pacific Group, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xun Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
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19
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Lectin nanoparticle assays for detecting breast cancer-associated glycovariants of cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) in human plasma. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219480. [PMID: 31344060 PMCID: PMC6658058 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer antigen 15–3 (CA15-3) is widely utilized for monitoring metastatic breast cancer (BC). However, its utility for early detection of breast cancer is severely limited due to poor clinical sensitivity and specificity. The glycosylation of CA15-3 is known to be affected by BC, and therefore it might offer a way to construct CA15-3 glycovariant assays with improved cancer specificity. To this end, we performed lectin-based glycoprofiling of BC-associated CA15-3. CA15-3 expressed by a BC cell line was immobilized on microtitration wells using an anti-CA15-3 antibody. The glycosylation of the immobilized CA15-3 was then detected by using lectins coated onto europium (III)-doped nanoparticles (Eu+3-NPs) and measuring the time-resolved fluorescence of Eu. Out of multiple lectin-Eu+3-NP preparations, wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) and macrophage galactose-type lectin (MGL) -Eu3+-NPs bound to the BC cell line-dericed CA15-3 glycovariants (CA15-3Lectin). To evaluate the clinical performance of these two lectin-based assays, plasma samples from metastatic BC patients (n = 53) and healthy age-matched women (n = 20).Plasma CA15-3Lectin measurements better distinguished metastatic BC patients from healthy controls than the conventional CA15-3 immunoassay. At 90% specificity, the clinical sensitivity of the assays was 66.0, 67.9 and 81.1% for the conventional CA15-3, CA15-3MGL and CA15-3WGA assays, respectively. Baseline CA15-3MGL and CA15-3WGA were correlated to conventional baseline CA15-3 levels (r = 0.68, p<0.001, r = 0.90, p>0.001, respectively). However, very low baseline CA15-3MGL levels ≤ 5 U/mL were common in this metastatic breast cancer patient population.In conclusion, the new CA15-3Lectin concept could considerably improve the clinical sensitivity of BC detection compared to the conventional CA15-3 immunoassays and should be validated further on a larger series of subjects with different cancer subtypes and stages.
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Exploratory Analysis of Plasma Neurotensin as a Novel Biomarker for Early Detection of Colorectal Polyp and Cancer. Discov Oncol 2019; 10:128-135. [DOI: 10.1007/s12672-019-00364-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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21
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Chung S, Lee Y, Roh EY. HbA1c showed a positive association with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level in only diabetes, not prediabetic or normal individuals. J Clin Lab Anal 2019; 33:e22900. [PMID: 31002428 PMCID: PMC6642291 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study was conducted to investigate the association of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in normal, prediabetic, and diabetic subjects. Methods A total of 2,911 participants who underwent general health checkups were enrolled and categorized into the normal, prediabetes, and diabetes groups. Demographic, anthropological, and clinical variables were investigated, and correlations with CEA were analyzed. For 28 diabetic subjects with CEA levels above the upper limit, the follow‐up CEA and HbA1c data were analyzed. Results Carcinoembryonic antigen levels were significantly different among the normal, prediabetes, and diabetes groups (1.7 ± 1.1 vs 2.0 ± 1.1 vs 2.5 ± 1.5; P < 0.001), and men had higher CEA levels than women in all three groups. Correlation analysis identified a significant positive correlation between serum CEA and HbA1c in the diabetes group using unadjusted and adjusted models (r = 0.189, P < 0.001 and r = 0.218, P < 0.001), and multiple linear regression analysis also revealed that HbA1c was independently and positively correlated with CEA in the diabetes group (β = 0.275, P < 0.001). However, these relationships were inconsistent in the normal and prediabetes groups. The changes in CEA and HbA1c from baseline to follow‐up (delta CEA and delta HbA1c) showed a significant positive correlation (P = 0.021). Conclusions In diabetes, the CEA level was independently and positively correlated with glycemic control status. Additionally, the change in CEA level (delta CEA) showed a positive correlation with the change in HbA1c level (delta HbA1c) in the follow‐up data analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soie Chung
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Healthcare Research Institute, Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yunhwan Lee
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Youn Roh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Hall PS, Mitchell ED, Smith AF, Cairns DA, Messenger M, Hutchinson M, Wright J, Vinall-Collier K, Corps C, Hamilton P, Meads D, Lewington A. The future for diagnostic tests of acute kidney injury in critical care: evidence synthesis, care pathway analysis and research prioritisation. Health Technol Assess 2019; 22:1-274. [PMID: 29862965 DOI: 10.3310/hta22320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury (AKI) is highly prevalent in hospital inpatient populations, leading to significant mortality and morbidity, reduced quality of life and high short- and long-term health-care costs for the NHS. New diagnostic tests may offer an earlier diagnosis or improved care, but evidence of benefit to patients and of value to the NHS is required before national adoption. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the potential for AKI in vitro diagnostic tests to enhance the NHS care of patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and identify an efficient supporting research strategy. DATA SOURCES We searched ClinicalTrials.gov, The Cochrane Library databases, Embase, Health Management Information Consortium, International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, MEDLINE, metaRegister of Current Controlled Trials, PubMed and Web of Science databases from their inception dates until September 2014 (review 1), November 2015 (review 2) and July 2015 (economic model). Details of databases used for each review and coverage dates are listed in the main report. REVIEW METHODS The AKI-Diagnostics project included horizon scanning, systematic reviewing, meta-analysis of sensitivity and specificity, appraisal of analytical validity, care pathway analysis, model-based lifetime economic evaluation from a UK NHS perspective and value of information (VOI) analysis. RESULTS The horizon-scanning search identified 152 potential tests and biomarkers. Three tests, Nephrocheck® (Astute Medical, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA), NGAL and cystatin C, were subjected to detailed review. The meta-analysis was limited by variable reporting standards, study quality and heterogeneity, but sensitivity was between 0.54 and 0.92 and specificity was between 0.49 and 0.95 depending on the test. A bespoke critical appraisal framework demonstrated that analytical validity was also poorly reported in many instances. In the economic model the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios ranged from £11,476 to £19,324 per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY), with a probability of cost-effectiveness between 48% and 54% when tests were compared with current standard care. LIMITATIONS The major limitation in the evidence on tests was the heterogeneity between studies in the definitions of AKI and the timing of testing. CONCLUSIONS Diagnostic tests for AKI in the ICU offer the potential to improve patient care and add value to the NHS, but cost-effectiveness remains highly uncertain. Further research should focus on the mechanisms by which a new test might change current care processes in the ICU and the subsequent cost and QALY implications. The VOI analysis suggested that further observational research to better define the prevalence of AKI developing in the ICU would be worthwhile. A formal randomised controlled trial of biomarker use linked to a standardised AKI care pathway is necessary to provide definitive evidence on whether or not adoption of tests by the NHS would be of value. STUDY REGISTRATION The systematic review within this study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42014013919. FUNDING The National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter S Hall
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Alison F Smith
- Academy of Primary Care, Hull York Medical School, Hull, UK.,National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Diagnostic Evidence Co-operative Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - David A Cairns
- Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Michael Messenger
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Diagnostic Evidence Co-operative Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Judy Wright
- Academy of Primary Care, Hull York Medical School, Hull, UK
| | | | | | - Patrick Hamilton
- Manchester Institute of Nephrology and Transplantation, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - David Meads
- Academy of Primary Care, Hull York Medical School, Hull, UK
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Kim SH, Lee MJ, Hwang HK, Lee SH, Kim H, Paik YK, Kang CM. Prognostic potential of the preoperative plasma complement factor B in resected pancreatic cancer: A pilot study. Cancer Biomark 2019; 24:335-342. [DOI: 10.3233/cbm-181847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hyun Kim
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- Pancreatobiliary Cancer Center, Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Jung Lee
- Yonsei Proteome Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Kyung Hwang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- Pancreatobiliary Cancer Center, Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Hwan Lee
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- Pancreatobiliary Cancer Center, Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Systems Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hoguen Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Ki Paik
- Yonsei Proteome Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Moo Kang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- Pancreatobiliary Cancer Center, Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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24
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Zhao Z, Fan J, Hsu YMS, Lyon CJ, Ning B, Hu TY. Extracellular vesicles as cancer liquid biopsies: from discovery, validation, to clinical application. LAB ON A CHIP 2019; 19:1114-1140. [PMID: 30882822 PMCID: PMC6469512 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc01123k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Substantial research has been devoted to elucidate the roles that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play in the regulation of both normal and pathological processes, and multiple studies have demonstrated their potential as a source of cancer biomarkers. However, several factors have slowed the development of liquid biopsy EV biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, including logistical and technical difficulties associated with reproducibly obtaining highly purified EVs suitable for diagnostic analysis. Significant effort has focused on addressing these problems, and multiple groups have now reported EV analysis methods using liquid biopsies that have the potential for clinical translation. However, there are still important issues that must be addressed if these discoveries and technical advances are to be used for clinical translation of EV cancer biomarkers from liquid biopsies. To address these issues, this review focuses on the potential application of EV biomarkers for diagnosis of major cancer types, discussing approaches for EV biomarker discovery and verification, EV clinical assay development, analytical and clinical validation, clinical trials, regulatory submission, and end user utilization for the intended clinical application. This review also discusses key difficulties related to these steps, and recommendations for how to best accomplish steps in order to translate EV-based biomarkers into clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhao
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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25
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Das P, Sedighi A, Krull UJ. Cancer biomarker determination by resonance energy transfer using functional fluorescent nanoprobes. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1041:1-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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26
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Kittanakom S, Donohue V, Beattie J, Clark L, Kavsak PA. The importance of tumour marker dual reporting during method transition: PSA high-dose hook effect detected. Clin Biochem 2018; 61:45-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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27
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Khella HWZ, Yousef GM. Translational research: Empowering the role of pathologists and cytopathologists. Cancer Cytopathol 2018; 126:831-838. [PMID: 30281935 DOI: 10.1002/cncy.22046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Research activity is in the core essence of pathology. Advancing our understanding of disease pathogenesis translates into better patient care. Because of their unique position, laboratorians are the best to accurately identify, annotate, and classify research specimens. They also are essential for the accurate interpretation of genomic testing. Currently, cytopathologists are moving to the center of patient care through active communication with clinicians and patients. There are certain research areas in which cytopathologists can be pioneers, such as image analysis, morphology research, and genotype-phenotype association studies integrating morphologic and molecular features. Health service utilization research is another domain in which cytopathologists can excel. Successful research is a journey that necessitates multiple steps. It also involves building expertise in how to overcome obstacles and handle challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba W Z Khella
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Center at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Anatomy, Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College, North York, Ontario, Canada
| | - George M Yousef
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Center at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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28
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Li W, Li Q, Kang S, Same M, Zhou Y, Sun C, Liu CC, Matsuoka L, Sher L, Wong WH, Alber F, Zhou X. CancerDetector: ultrasensitive and non-invasive cancer detection at the resolution of individual reads using cell-free DNA methylation sequencing data. Nucleic Acids Res 2018; 46:e89. [PMID: 29897492 PMCID: PMC6125664 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The detection of tumor-derived cell-free DNA in plasma is one of the most promising directions in cancer diagnosis. The major challenge in such an approach is how to identify the tiny amount of tumor DNAs out of total cell-free DNAs in blood. Here we propose an ultrasensitive cancer detection method, termed 'CancerDetector', using the DNA methylation profiles of cell-free DNAs. The key of our method is to probabilistically model the joint methylation states of multiple adjacent CpG sites on an individual sequencing read, in order to exploit the pervasive nature of DNA methylation for signal amplification. Therefore, CancerDetector can sensitively identify a trace amount of tumor cfDNAs in plasma, at the level of individual reads. We evaluated CancerDetector on the simulated data, and showed a high concordance of the predicted and true tumor fraction. Testing CancerDetector on real plasma data demonstrated its high sensitivity and specificity in detecting tumor cfDNAs. In addition, the predicted tumor fraction showed great consistency with tumor size and survival outcome. Note that all of those testing were performed on sequencing data at low to medium coverage (1× to 10×). Therefore, CancerDetector holds the great potential to detect cancer early and cost-effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyuan Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Qingjiao Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Shuli Kang
- Molecular and Computational Biology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Mary Same
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yonggang Zhou
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Carol Sun
- Oak Park High School, Oak Park, CA 91377, USA
| | - Chun-Chi Liu
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan 40227, Republic of China
| | - Lea Matsuoka
- Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery & Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Linda Sher
- Department of Surgery, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Wing Hung Wong
- Department of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Health Research & Policy, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Frank Alber
- Molecular and Computational Biology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Xianghong Jasmine Zhou
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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29
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Selby PJ, Banks RE, Gregory W, Hewison J, Rosenberg W, Altman DG, Deeks JJ, McCabe C, Parkes J, Sturgeon C, Thompson D, Twiddy M, Bestall J, Bedlington J, Hale T, Dinnes J, Jones M, Lewington A, Messenger MP, Napp V, Sitch A, Tanwar S, Vasudev NS, Baxter P, Bell S, Cairns DA, Calder N, Corrigan N, Del Galdo F, Heudtlass P, Hornigold N, Hulme C, Hutchinson M, Lippiatt C, Livingstone T, Longo R, Potton M, Roberts S, Sim S, Trainor S, Welberry Smith M, Neuberger J, Thorburn D, Richardson P, Christie J, Sheerin N, McKane W, Gibbs P, Edwards A, Soomro N, Adeyoju A, Stewart GD, Hrouda D. Methods for the evaluation of biomarkers in patients with kidney and liver diseases: multicentre research programme including ELUCIDATE RCT. PROGRAMME GRANTS FOR APPLIED RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.3310/pgfar06030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundProtein biomarkers with associations with the activity and outcomes of diseases are being identified by modern proteomic technologies. They may be simple, accessible, cheap and safe tests that can inform diagnosis, prognosis, treatment selection, monitoring of disease activity and therapy and may substitute for complex, invasive and expensive tests. However, their potential is not yet being realised.Design and methodsThe study consisted of three workstreams to create a framework for research: workstream 1, methodology – to define current practice and explore methodology innovations for biomarkers for monitoring disease; workstream 2, clinical translation – to create a framework of research practice, high-quality samples and related clinical data to evaluate the validity and clinical utility of protein biomarkers; and workstream 3, the ELF to Uncover Cirrhosis as an Indication for Diagnosis and Action for Treatable Event (ELUCIDATE) randomised controlled trial (RCT) – an exemplar RCT of an established test, the ADVIA Centaur® Enhanced Liver Fibrosis (ELF) test (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Ltd, Camberley, UK) [consisting of a panel of three markers – (1) serum hyaluronic acid, (2) amino-terminal propeptide of type III procollagen and (3) tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1], for liver cirrhosis to determine its impact on diagnostic timing and the management of cirrhosis and the process of care and improving outcomes.ResultsThe methodology workstream evaluated the quality of recommendations for using prostate-specific antigen to monitor patients, systematically reviewed RCTs of monitoring strategies and reviewed the monitoring biomarker literature and how monitoring can have an impact on outcomes. Simulation studies were conducted to evaluate monitoring and improve the merits of health care. The monitoring biomarker literature is modest and robust conclusions are infrequent. We recommend improvements in research practice. Patients strongly endorsed the need for robust and conclusive research in this area. The clinical translation workstream focused on analytical and clinical validity. Cohorts were established for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and renal transplantation (RT), with samples and patient data from multiple centres, as a rapid-access resource to evaluate the validity of biomarkers. Candidate biomarkers for RCC and RT were identified from the literature and their quality was evaluated and selected biomarkers were prioritised. The duration of follow-up was a limitation but biomarkers were identified that may be taken forward for clinical utility. In the third workstream, the ELUCIDATE trial registered 1303 patients and randomised 878 patients out of a target of 1000. The trial started late and recruited slowly initially but ultimately recruited with good statistical power to answer the key questions. ELF monitoring altered the patient process of care and may show benefits from the early introduction of interventions with further follow-up. The ELUCIDATE trial was an ‘exemplar’ trial that has demonstrated the challenges of evaluating biomarker strategies in ‘end-to-end’ RCTs and will inform future study designs.ConclusionsThe limitations in the programme were principally that, during the collection and curation of the cohorts of patients with RCC and RT, the pace of discovery of new biomarkers in commercial and non-commercial research was slower than anticipated and so conclusive evaluations using the cohorts are few; however, access to the cohorts will be sustained for future new biomarkers. The ELUCIDATE trial was slow to start and recruit to, with a late surge of recruitment, and so final conclusions about the impact of the ELF test on long-term outcomes await further follow-up. The findings from the three workstreams were used to synthesise a strategy and framework for future biomarker evaluations incorporating innovations in study design, health economics and health informatics.Trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials ISRCTN74815110, UKCRN ID 9954 and UKCRN ID 11930.FundingThis project was funded by the NIHR Programme Grants for Applied Research programme and will be published in full inProgramme Grants for Applied Research; Vol. 6, No. 3. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Selby
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics Group, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Rosamonde E Banks
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics Group, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Walter Gregory
- Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Jenny Hewison
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - William Rosenberg
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Douglas G Altman
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jonathan J Deeks
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Christopher McCabe
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Julie Parkes
- Primary Care and Population Sciences Academic Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | | | - Maureen Twiddy
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Janine Bestall
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Tilly Hale
- LIVErNORTH Liver Patient Support, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jacqueline Dinnes
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Marc Jones
- Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | | | - Vicky Napp
- Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Alice Sitch
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sudeep Tanwar
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Naveen S Vasudev
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics Group, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Paul Baxter
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Sue Bell
- Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - David A Cairns
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics Group, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Neil Corrigan
- Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Francesco Del Galdo
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Peter Heudtlass
- Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Nick Hornigold
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics Group, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Claire Hulme
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Michelle Hutchinson
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics Group, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Carys Lippiatt
- Department of Specialist Laboratory Medicine, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Roberta Longo
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Matthew Potton
- Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Stephanie Roberts
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics Group, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Sheryl Sim
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics Group, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Sebastian Trainor
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics Group, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Matthew Welberry Smith
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics Group, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - James Neuberger
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Paul Richardson
- Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - John Christie
- Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Neil Sheerin
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - William McKane
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Paul Gibbs
- Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth, UK
| | | | - Naeem Soomro
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Grant D Stewart
- NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK
- Academic Urology Group, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - David Hrouda
- Charing Cross Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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Nallagangula KS, Shashidhar KN, Lakshmaiah V, Muninarayana. Evolution of proteomic biomarker for chronic liver disease: Promise into reality. J Circ Biomark 2018; 7:1849454418777186. [PMID: 29854010 PMCID: PMC5971380 DOI: 10.1177/1849454418777186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver is the vital organ for synthesis of proteins whose concentration in blood reflects liver dysfunction. Variations in protein domain can generate clinically significant biomarkers. Biomarker pipeline includes discovery of candidates, qualification, verification, assay optimization, and validation. Advances in proteomic approach can discover protein biomarker candidates based on “up-or-down” regulation or fold change in expression which is correlated with disease state. Despite numerous biomarker candidates been discovered, only few are useful in clinical practice which indicates the need for well-established validation regimen. Hence, the main purpose of this review is to understand the protein biomarker development and pitfalls. Companion diagnostics provide insights into potential cost-effective diagnosis for chronic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - K N Shashidhar
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, SDUAHER, Karnataka, India
| | - V Lakshmaiah
- Department of Medicine, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, SDUAHER, Karnataka, India
| | - Muninarayana
- Department of Community Medicine, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, SDUAHER, Karnataka, India
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31
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El Rassy E, Al Ghor M, Kattan J. CA 15-3 predicting breast cancer relapse: beware of vitamin B12 deficiency. Per Med 2018; 15:163-165. [PMID: 29745746 DOI: 10.2217/pme-2017-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A sustained increase of cancer antigen 15-3 serum levels was found in a 54-year-old woman treated 2 years ago for early stage breast cancer, without any evidence of cancer recurrence. The patient thereafter developed severe megaloblastic anemia secondary to vitamin B12 deficiency. Supplementation with B12 to reverse the anemia led to the normalization of the cancer antigen 15-3 serum levels. As such, with the limited understanding of molecular biology, the integrative approach of clinical history, physical examination, and diagnostic imaging remain pivotal in the management of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elie El Rassy
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Hematology-Oncology, Hotel-Dieu de France University Hospital, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Maya Al Ghor
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Hematology-Oncology, Hotel-Dieu de France University Hospital, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Joseph Kattan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Hematology-Oncology, Hotel-Dieu de France University Hospital, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
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Abdel-Fatah TMA, Rees RC, Pockley AG, Moseley P, Ball GR, Chan SYT, Ellis IO, Miles AK. The localization of pre mRNA splicing factor PRPF38B is a novel prognostic biomarker that may predict survival benefit of trastuzumab in patients with breast cancer overexpressing HER2. Oncotarget 2017; 8:112245-112257. [PMID: 29348822 PMCID: PMC5762507 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer biomarkers that can define disease status and provide a prognostic insight are essential for the effective management of patients with breast cancer (BC). The prevalence, clinicopathological and prognostic significance of PRPF38B expression in a consecutive series of 1650 patients with primary invasive breast carcinoma were examined using immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, the relationship(s) between clinical outcome and PRPF38B expression was explored in 627 patients with ER-negative (oestrogen receptor) disease, and 322 patients with HER2-overexpressing disease. Membranous expression of PRPF38B was observed in 148/1388 (10.7%) cases and was significantly associated with aggressive clinicopathological features, including high grade, high mitotic index, pleomorphism, invasive ductal carcinoma of no specific type (IDC-NST), ER-negative, HER2-overexpression and p53 mutational status (all p < 0.01). In patients with ER-negative disease receiving chemotherapy, nuclear expression of PRPF38B was significantly associated with a reduced risk of relapse (p = 0.0004), whereas membranous PRPF38B expression was significantly associated with increased risk of relapse (p = 0.004; respectively) at a 5 year follow-up. When patients were stratified according to ER-negative/HER2-positive status, membranous PRPF38B expression was associated with a higher risk of relapse in those patients that did not receive trastuzumab therapy (p = 0.02), whereas in those patients with ER-negative/HER2-positive disease that received trastuzumab adjuvant therapy, membranous PRPF38B expression associated with a lower risk of relapse (p = 0.00018). Nuclear expression of PRPF38B is a good prognostic indicator in both ER-negative patients and ER-negative/HER2-positive BC (breast cancer) patients, whereas membranous localisation of PRPF38B is a poor prognostic biomarker that predicts survival benefit from trastuzumab therapy in patients with ER-negative/HER2-overexpressing BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek M A Abdel-Fatah
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Robert C Rees
- The John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - A Graham Pockley
- The John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Paul Moseley
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Graham R Ball
- The John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Stephen Y T Chan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Ian O Ellis
- Department of Histopathology, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Amanda K Miles
- The John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
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Park K, Woo M, Kim JE, Ahn JH, Jung KH, Roh J, Gong G, Kim SB. Efficacy of assessing circulating cell-free DNA using a simple fluorescence assay in patients with triple-negative breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a prospective observational study. Oncotarget 2017; 9:3875-3886. [PMID: 29423090 PMCID: PMC5790507 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to assess cell-free DNA (CFD) by a fluorescence assay as a biomarker for early prediction of a pathologic complete response (pCR) and relapse in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Patients with clinical stage II or III TNBC scheduled for neoadjuvant chemotherapy were prospectively enrolled. All patients underwent four cycles of Adriamycin plus cyclophosphamide (AC), followed by four cycles of cisplatin or docetaxel chemotherapy and surgery. Blood samples were obtained before the initial chemotherapy (baseline-CFD) and after four AC neoadjuvant chemotherapy cycles (AC-CFD) to evaluate CFD levels. In total, 72 patients who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled. The mean baseline-CFD and AC-CFD levels were 239 ± 68 and 210 ± 66 ng/mL, respectively, with a significant decline in the CFD levels after AC neoadjuvant chemotherapy (P = 0.001). In the 33.6-month median follow-up, 18 cases of relapse were reported. A ROC curve analysis of baseline-CFD was performed to determine the predictive value for relapse, and an area under the curve of 0.62 (95% CI, 0.46–0.78) at 264 ng/mL was obtained. Patients with baseline-CFD >264 ng/mL were at a higher risk of relapse than those with baseline-CFD ≤264 ng/mL (HR, 2.84; 95% CI, 1.11–7.24; P = 0.029). Multivariate analysis established baseline-CFD as an independent predicting factor for relapse (HR, 3.74; 95% CI, 1.32–10.53; P = 0.013). In conclusion, baseline-CFD measured by a fluorescence assay might be a potential biomarker to predict relapse, which could be useful for risk stratification of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwonoh Park
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyoung Woo
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Ahn
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Hae Jung
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Roh
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyungyub Gong
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Bae Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Chen Q, Li Y, Zhou X, Li R. Oxibendazole inhibits prostate cancer cell growth. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:2218-2226. [PMID: 29434928 PMCID: PMC5776919 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignancies among men and is the second leading cause of cancer-associated mortality in the developed world. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the most common treatment for PCa. However, the majority of androgen-sensitive PCa patients will eventually develop resistance to ADT and the disease will become androgen-independent. There is, therefore, an immediate requirement to develop effective therapeutic techniques towards the treatment of recurrent PCa. Oxibendazole (OBZ) is an anthelmintic drug that has also shown promise in the treatment of malignancies. In the present study, the capability of OBZ to repress the growth of PCa cells was assessed in human androgen-independent PCa 22Rv1 and PC-3 cell lines. The growth of the 22Rv1 and PC-3 cell lines, as assessed with a trypan blue exclusion assay, was markedly inhibited by OBZ treatment in vitro, with half-maximal inhibitory concentration values of 0.25 and 0.64 µM, respectively. The mean size of 22Rv1 tumors in nude mice treated with OBZ (25 mg/kg/day) was 47.96% smaller than that of the control mice. Treatment with OBZ increased the expression of microRNA-204 (miR-204), as determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and the level of p53 as determined with western blotting, two well-characterized tumor suppressor genes. When miR-204 expression was knocked down by introduction of an miR-204 inhibitor, the inhibitory effect of OBZ was markedly reduced; however, when it was overexpressed, the inhibitory efficiency of OBZ was markedly higher, indicating that upregulation of miR-204 is key for the efficacy of OBZ. Additionally, OBZ was demonstrated with RT-qPCR to repress the expression of the androgen receptor, and by western blotting to reduce prostate-specific androgen in 22Rv1 cells. The results suggest that OBZ has potential for clinical use in the treatment of recurrent PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoli Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Yuhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of National Population and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of National Population and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Runsheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of National Population and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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Mazzone PJ, Sears CR, Arenberg DA, Gaga M, Gould MK, Massion PP, Nair VS, Powell CA, Silvestri GA, Vachani A, Wiener RS. Evaluating Molecular Biomarkers for the Early Detection of Lung Cancer: When Is a Biomarker Ready for Clinical Use? An Official American Thoracic Society Policy Statement. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 196:e15-e29. [PMID: 28960111 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201708-1678st] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molecular biomarkers have the potential to improve the current state of early lung cancer detection. The goal of this project was to develop a policy statement that provides guidance about the level of evidence required to determine that a molecular biomarker, used to support early lung cancer detection, is appropriate for clinical use. METHODS An ad hoc project steering committee was formed, to include individuals with expertise in the early detection of lung cancer and molecular biomarker development, from inside and outside of the Assembly on Thoracic Oncology. Key questions, generated from the results of a survey of the project steering committee, were discussed at an in-person meeting. Results of the discussion were summarized in a policy statement that was circulated to the steering committee and revised multiple times to achieve consensus. RESULTS With a focus on the clinical applications of lung cancer screening and lung nodule evaluation, the policy statement outlines categories of results that should be reported in the early phases of molecular biomarker development, discusses the level of evidence that would support study of the clinical utility, describes the outcomes that should be proven to consider a molecular biomarker clinically useful, and suggests study designs capable of assessing these outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The application of molecular biomarkers to assist with the early detection of lung cancer has the potential to substantially improve our ability to select patients for lung cancer screening, and to assist with the characterization of indeterminate lung nodules. We have described relevant considerations and have suggested standards to apply when determining whether a molecular biomarker for the early detection of lung cancer is ready for clinical use.
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Lin DC, Genzen JR. Concordance analysis of paired cancer antigen (CA) 15-3 and 27.29 testing. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2017; 167:269-276. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-017-4513-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Sefrioui D, Beaussire L, Clatot F, Delacour J, Perdrix A, Frebourg T, Michel P, Di Fiore F, Sarafan-Vasseur N. Heparinase enables reliable quantification of circulating tumor DNA from heparinized plasma samples by droplet digital PCR. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 472:75-79. [PMID: 28729136 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heparin is often used as a blood anticoagulant for tumor marker analysis but results in the inhibition of PCR detection of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), which has been deemed a potential "liquid biopsy". We aimed to evaluate the impact of heparinase addition on heparinized plasma samples to allow ctDNA analysis. METHODS Plasma samples were collected in heparinized (n=194) and EDTA (n=8) tubes from hormone receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer (HR+MBC) (n=144) and pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PA) patients (n=50). Circulating ESR1 and KRAS mutations were detected with or without heparinase by digital PCR in HR+MBC and PA patients, respectively. Patients were classified into 2 subgroups i) inhibition, I+ and ii) no inhibition, I- based on a threshold of 200copies/μL for PCR inhibition by heparin. RESULTS In the I+ subgroup (91/144 HR+MBC and 26/50 PA), heparinase treatment significantly improved PCR efficacy, enabling ctDNA detection in 22/91 and 13/26 patients. Moreover, comparable results for ctDNA detection (4/8) were obtained with heparinized and EDTA PA samples. In the I- subgroup, heparinase addition did not quantitatively and qualitatively alter ctDNA detection. CONCLUSION Heparinase addition removes the heparin inhibition and allows accurate ctDNA detection in heparinized samples. These findings could make the samples from heparinized blood suitable for ctDNA analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Sefrioui
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245, IRON group, Rouen University Hospital, Normandy Centre for Genomic and Personalized Medicine and Digestive Oncology Unit, F 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Ludivine Beaussire
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245, IRON group, Rouen University Hospital, Normandy Centre for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, F 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Florian Clatot
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245, IRON group, Rouen University Hospital, Normandy Centre for Genomic and Personalized Medicine and Department of Medical Oncology, Henri Becquerel Centre, F 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Julien Delacour
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245, IRON group, Rouen University Hospital, Normandy Centre for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, F 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Anne Perdrix
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245, IRON group, Rouen University Hospital, Normandy Centre for Genomic and Personalized Medicine and Department of Biopathology, Henri Becquerel Centre, F 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Thierry Frebourg
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245, IRON group, Rouen University Hospital, Normandy Centre for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, F 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Pierre Michel
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245, IRON group, Rouen University Hospital, Normandy Centre for Genomic and Personalized Medicine and Digestive Oncology Unit, F 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Frédéric Di Fiore
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245, IRON group, Rouen University Hospital, Normandy Centre for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Digestive Oncology Unit and Department of Medical Oncology, Henri Becquerel Centre, F 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Nasrin Sarafan-Vasseur
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245, IRON group, Rouen University Hospital, Normandy Centre for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, F 76000 Rouen, France.
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Hermann N, Dressen K, Schroeder L, Debald M, Schildberg FA, Walgenbach-Bruenagel G, Hettwer K, Uhlig S, Kuhn W, Hartmann G, Holdenrieder S. Diagnostic relevance of a novel multiplex immunoassay panel in breast cancer. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317711381. [DOI: 10.1177/1010428317711381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Hermann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Katja Dressen
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lars Schroeder
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Köln/Bonn, Köln, Germany
| | - Manuel Debald
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Köln/Bonn, Köln, Germany
| | - Frank A Schildberg
- Institutes of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gisela Walgenbach-Bruenagel
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Köln/Bonn, Köln, Germany
| | - Karina Hettwer
- QuoData Statistics, Dresden, Germany
- Joint Research and Services Center for Biomarker Evaluation in Oncology, Bonn, Germany
| | - Steffen Uhlig
- QuoData Statistics, Dresden, Germany
- Joint Research and Services Center for Biomarker Evaluation in Oncology, Bonn, Germany
| | - Walther Kuhn
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Köln/Bonn, Köln, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Köln/Bonn, Köln, Germany
| | - Stefan Holdenrieder
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Köln/Bonn, Köln, Germany
- Joint Research and Services Center for Biomarker Evaluation in Oncology, Bonn, Germany
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The role of neurotensin as a novel biomarker in the endoscopic screening of high-risk population for developing colorectal neoplasia. Updates Surg 2017; 69:397-402. [PMID: 28560510 PMCID: PMC5591352 DOI: 10.1007/s13304-017-0464-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer screening programs aim at early detection of cancer to reduce incidence rates and mortality. The objective of this study is to identify the role of neurotensin in the endoscopic screening of high-risk population for developing colorectal neoplasia. Blood samples from patients referred for urgent colonoscopy to investigate symptoms suspicious of colorectal cancer were collected. Blood neurotensin levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Colonoscopy findings were used as reference for determining the diagnostic accuracy of blood neurotensin. The study comprised 26 patients in total: 12 healthy and 14 with colon pathology (13 high-grade dysplasia adenomatous polyps, 1 adenocarcinoma). There were no statistically significant differences in the clinical and biochemical parameters between colon pathology and healthy group except neurotensin levels. Pathology in colon was associated with 3.7-fold increase in NT levels. In multivariate analysis, patients with pathology in colon have increased serum neurotensin levels compared to controls adjusted for age, gender, BMI and co-morbidities. The value of 12.93 pg/ml is associated with 87.5% sensitivity and 91.7% specificity for discriminating the colon pathology from normal colonic epithelium (p = 0.001). Neurotensin plasma values differentiate healthy people from patients suffering from colonic pathologies such as adenomatous polyps and cancer. The use of neurotensin as a potential endoscopic screening tool for identifying high-risk population for developing colorectal cancer is promising, but much has to be done before it is validated in larger scale prospective studies.
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Tomašević R, Milosavljević T, Stojanović D, Gluvić Z, Dugalić P, Ilić I, Vidaković R. Predictive Value of Carcinoembryonic and Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 Related to Some Clinical, Endoscopic and Histological Colorectal Cancer Characteristics. J Med Biochem 2016; 35:324-332. [PMID: 28356884 PMCID: PMC5346811 DOI: 10.1515/jomb-2016-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is an important oncological and public health problem worldwide, including Serbia. Unfortunately, half of the patients are recognized in an advanced stage of the disease, therefore, early detection through specific tumor biomarkers, such as carcinoembryonic (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9), is the only way to cope with CRC expansion. METHODS Our cross-sectional study evaluated the influence of some clinical, endoscopic and histological characteristics of CRC on CEA and CA 19-9 serum levels, to determine whether these biomarkers could be related to CRC detection. The study included 372 participants: 181 suffered from CRC and 191 participants were controls. Endoscopic and histological examinations were used for CRC diagnosis, while additional ultrasound and abdominal computerised tomography imaging were used for staging the disease. Measurement of CEA and CA 19-9 was performed after CRC confirmation. RESULTS Age, gender, tumor localization, macro-morphological and histological characteristics did not influence biomarkers serum levels. Both were significantly higher (p<0.01) in patients with Dukes D stage of CRC compared with controls. Sensitivity (76.8%) and specificity (76.6%) of CEA alone were higher than for CA 19-9, but with no statistical significance. Furthermore, sensitivity of CEA alone in the Dukes A/B group was similar to the entire CRC patient group. CONCLUSIONS Although not recommended as a screening method for the general population, elevated values of each biomarker indicate further diagnostic procedures and their simultaneous testing can improve the diagnostic sensitivity in early detection of CRC, as shown by the united analysis (AUC 0.842).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratko Tomašević
- Clinical Hospital Center Zemun, Belgrade, Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Belgrade, School of Medicine
| | - Tomica Milosavljević
- Clinical Center of Serbia, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Clinic, University of Belgrade, School of Medicine
| | - Dragoš Stojanović
- Clinical Hospital Center Zemun, Belgrade, Surgery Clinic, University of Belgrade, School of Medicine
| | - Zoran Gluvić
- Clinical Hospital Center Zemun, Belgrade, Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Belgrade, School of Medicine
| | - Predrag Dugalić
- Clinical Hospital Center Zemun, Belgrade, Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Belgrade, School of Medicine
| | - Ivan Ilić
- Clinical Hospital Center Zemun, Belgrade, Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Belgrade, School of Medicine
| | - Radosav Vidaković
- Clinical Hospital Center Zemun, Belgrade, Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Belgrade, School of Medicine
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Poersch A, Grassi ML, Carvalho VPD, Lanfredi GP, Palma CDS, Greene LJ, de Sousa CB, Carrara HHA, Candido Dos Reis FJ, Faça VM. A proteomic signature of ovarian cancer tumor fluid identified by highthroughput and verified by targeted proteomics. J Proteomics 2016; 145:226-236. [PMID: 27222041 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Tumor fluid samples have emerged as a rich source for the identification of ovarian cancer in the context of proteomics studies. To uncover differences among benign and malignant ovarian samples, we performed a quantitative proteomic study consisting of albumin immunodepletion, isotope labeling with acrylamide and in-depth proteomic profiling by LC-MS/MS in a pool of 10 samples of each histological type. 1135 proteins were identified, corresponding to 505 gene products. 223 proteins presented associated quantification and the comparative analysis of histological types revealed 75 differentially abundant proteins. Based on this, we developed a panel for targeted proteomic analysis using the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) method for validation of 51 proteins in individual samples of high-grade serous ovarian tumor fluids (malignant) and benign serous cystadenoma tumor fluids. This analysis showed concordant results in terms of average amounts of proteins, and APOE, SERPINF2, SERPING1, ADAM17, CD44 and OVGP1 were statistically significant between benign and malignant group. The results observed in the MRM for APOE were confirmed by western blotting, where APOE was more abundant in malignant samples. This molecular signature can contribute to improve tumor stratification and shall be investigated in combination with current biomarkers in larger cohorts to improve ovarian cancer diagnosis. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Despite advances in cancer research, ovarian cancer has a high mortality and remains a major challenge due to a number of particularities of the disease, especially late diagnosis caused by vague clinical symptoms, the cellular and molecular heterogeneity of tumors, and the lack of effective treatment. Thus, efforts are directed to better understand this neoplasia, its origin, development and, particularly the identification and validation of biomarkers for early detection of the disease in asymptomatic stage. In the present work, we confirmed by MRM method in individual ovarian tumor fluid samples the regulation of 27 proteins out of 33 identified in a highthroughput study. We speculate that the presence and/or differential abundance observed in tumor fluid is a cooperation primarily of high rates of secretion of such tumor proteins to extra tumor environment that will at the end accumulate in plasma, and also the accumulation of acute-phase proteins throughout the entire body. On top of that, consideration of physiological influences in the interpretation of expression observed, including age, menopause status, route-of-elimination kinetics and metabolism of the tumor marker, coexisting disease, hormonal imbalances, life-style influences (smoking, alcoholism, obesity), among others, are mandatory to enable the selection of good protein tumor marker candidates for extensive validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Poersch
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, FMRP,University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, FMRP, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Center for Cell Based Therapy, Hemotherapy Center of Ribeirão Preto, Rua Tenente Catão Roxo, 2501, 14051-140, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Lopes Grassi
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, FMRP,University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Center for Cell Based Therapy, Hemotherapy Center of Ribeirão Preto, Rua Tenente Catão Roxo, 2501, 14051-140, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Pereira de Carvalho
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, FMRP,University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Medical School of Barão de Mauá University, Rua Ramos de Azevedo, 423, 14090-180 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Pauperio Lanfredi
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, FMRP,University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Camila de Souza Palma
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, FMRP,University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Center for Cell Based Therapy, Hemotherapy Center of Ribeirão Preto, Rua Tenente Catão Roxo, 2501, 14051-140, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Lewis Joel Greene
- Center for Cell Based Therapy, Hemotherapy Center of Ribeirão Preto, Rua Tenente Catão Roxo, 2501, 14051-140, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, FMRP, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Christiani Bisinoto de Sousa
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, FMRP, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Hélio Humberto Angotti Carrara
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, FMRP, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Francisco José Candido Dos Reis
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, FMRP, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Vitor Marcel Faça
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, FMRP,University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Center for Cell Based Therapy, Hemotherapy Center of Ribeirão Preto, Rua Tenente Catão Roxo, 2501, 14051-140, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Detection of OSR2, VAV3, and PPFIA3 Methylation in the Serum of Patients with Gastric Cancer. DISEASE MARKERS 2016; 2016:5780538. [PMID: 27143812 PMCID: PMC4838789 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5780538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aim. This study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of OSR2, VAV3, and PPFIA3 hypermethylation in gastric cancer (GC) patients. Patients and Methods. By using methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP), we detected the methylation status in tissue and serum samples from 48 gastric cancer (GC) patients and 25 normal individuals. Results. We found that OSR2, VAV3, and PPFIA3 were methylated in 70.8% (34/48), 54.2% (26/48), and 60.4% (29/48) of GC tissue, respectively. On the contrary, those genes were barely methylated in their paired paracancerous histological normal tissues (PCHNTs) (all P values < 0.01). We next analyzed the methylated OSR2, VAV3, and PPFIA3 in serum DNA. Compared with 25 normal individuals, those three genes were significantly hypermethylated in GC patients serum samples (all P values < 0.01). Regarding their diagnostic value in serum samples, the combined sensitivity of at least one positive among the three markers in serum was 83.3%, with a specificity of 88%. Conclusion. Our test suggested that methylation of OSR2, VAV3, and PPFIA3 genes in serum sample may offer a good alternative in a simple, promising, and noninvasive detection of GC.
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Sabbagh B, Mindt S, Neumaier M, Findeisen P. Clinical applications of MS-based protein quantification. Proteomics Clin Appl 2016; 10:323-45. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.201500116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bassel Sabbagh
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry; Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg; University Hospital Mannheim; Mannheim Germany
| | - Sonani Mindt
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry; Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg; University Hospital Mannheim; Mannheim Germany
| | - Michael Neumaier
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry; Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg; University Hospital Mannheim; Mannheim Germany
| | - Peter Findeisen
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry; Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg; University Hospital Mannheim; Mannheim Germany
- MVZ Labor Dr. Limbach und Kollegen; Heidelberg Germany
- Working Group Proteomics of the German United Society for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine e.V. (DGKL); Bonn Germany
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Circulating cell-free microRNAs as biomarkers for colorectal cancer. Surg Today 2016; 46:13-24. [PMID: 25712224 DOI: 10.1007/s00595-015-1138-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small, endogenous, non-coding, single-stranded RNAs that act as post-transcriptional regulators. Their discovery has provided new avenues for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. The expression of both oncogenic and tumor suppressor miRNAs can be aberrantly either up- or down-regulated in cancer cells. These miRNAs target mRNAs of genes that either promote or inhibit tumor growth, and are one of several epigenetic factors that control the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) and other cancers. Investigations of miRNAs as CRC biomarkers have employed the expression profiling of traditional tissue samples and, more recently, non-invasive samples, such as feces and body fluids, have been analyzed. MiRNAs may also be able to predict responses to chemo- and radiotherapy, and may be manipulated to modify CRC characteristics. We herein discuss the use of circulating miRNAs as possible non-invasive biomarkers of early CRC onset, relapse, or response to treatment. We also discuss the obstacles that currently limit the routine use of epigenetic biomarkers in clinical settings.
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Moreno-Campoy EE, Mérida-De la Torre FJ, Martos-Crespo F, Plebani M. Identifying risk in the use of tumor markers to improve patient safety. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 54:1947-1953. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2015-0760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
AbstractBackground:Tumor markers (TM) are a routine test that are not always used well, and can lead to unnecessary additional tests, which are not without risks for the patients. So, to implement appropriate strategies to improve the adequate use of TM and, therefore, improve patient safety, is required to analyze the use of TM, identifying risks and establishing if there are differences in their use as a function of their utility.Methods:The study was a descriptive, longitudinal, retrospective and systematic study in the area covered by the University Hospital of Padua. In the follow-up 2-year study, 23,059 analytical requests of TM, corresponding to 14,728 patients, were analyzed. For the level of statistical significance it applies an approximation of the normal law (Z statistic) and χResults:Only 9196 requests (39.88%) out of a total of 23,059 on 5080 patients with neoplastic diseases have been classified as adecuate according to current guidelines. The number of requests per patient was variable (1.57±1.35). In patients with neoplastic diseases this increased to 1.80±1.68. The mean of number of TM per request was 2.4±1.73. The analysis showed an association between the number of requests and the type of marker used.Conclusions:The use of TM is variable, mainly of the follow-up markers, when they are used as screening. This inappropriate use, minimizes their utility favoring erroneous interpretations and increases the risk of damage to the patient. So it is essential to implement safe practices in the use of TM.
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Adachi Y, Kikumori T, Miyajima N, Inaishi T, Onishi E, Shibata M, Nakanishi K, Takeuchi D, Hayashi H, Kodera Y. Postoperative elevation of CA15-3 due to pernicious anemia in a patient without evidence of breast cancer recurrence. Surg Case Rep 2015; 1:126. [PMID: 26943450 PMCID: PMC4696936 DOI: 10.1186/s40792-015-0128-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) is considered as a marker for breast cancer recurrence. However, we encountered a case where the patient showed postoperative elevation of the CA15-3 level due to pernicious anemia without evidence of breast cancer recurrence. The patient was a 60-year-old postmenopausal woman. She had undergone partial mastectomy and sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) for her T1 left breast cancer. SLNB had indicated no lymph node metastases. The tumor was positive for hormone receptors and negative for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. Therefore, an aromatase inhibitor and external beam irradiation had been administered as adjuvant therapy. However, the CA15-3 level was found to be elevated at 6 months postoperatively. Although imaging studies did not indicate breast cancer recurrence, CA15-3 levels continued to increase. Based on the findings of blood tests and gastroendoscopy, a diagnosis of pernicious anemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency was finally confirmed at 2 years and 6 months postoperatively. The CA15-3 level returned to normal after vitamin B12 administration. The possibility of pernicious anemia should be considered in cases of postoperative elevated CA15-3 levels with no evidence of recurrence in patients with early breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayoi Adachi
- Department of Transplantation and Endocrine Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8560, Japan.
| | - Toyone Kikumori
- Department of Transplantation and Endocrine Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8560, Japan.
| | - Noriyuki Miyajima
- Department of Transplantation and Endocrine Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8560, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Inaishi
- Department of Transplantation and Endocrine Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8560, Japan.
| | - Eiji Onishi
- Department of Transplantation and Endocrine Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8560, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Shibata
- Department of Transplantation and Endocrine Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8560, Japan.
| | - Kenichi Nakanishi
- Department of Transplantation and Endocrine Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8560, Japan.
| | - Dai Takeuchi
- Department of Transplantation and Endocrine Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8560, Japan.
| | - Hironori Hayashi
- Department of Transplantation and Endocrine Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8560, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Kodera
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumaicho, Showa, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8560, Japan.
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Abstract
Breast cancer is a global health issue, and as the tumor burden increases, we need to come up with newer, better technologies which are convenient, cheap, rapid, sensitive with a high specificity. Technological advancements in the field of cancer biomarker has led to the development of techniques such as mass spectrometric analysis and microarray analysis in which genes, proteins and hundreds and thousands of metabolites can be identified with the emergence of genomics, proteomics and metabolomics. This research is focused on finding biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, staging, treatment response and targets for chemotherapy, generating a panel of markers which provide better clinical information compared to a single marker in the panel. This review briefly summarizes application of genomics and proteomics followed by key concepts and applications of metabolomics in breast cancer, with the conclusion that an integration of the three “OMIC” technologies may hold the key to future biomarker discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naila Irum Hadi
- Dr. Naila Irum Hadi, MBBS, MPhil, PhD fellow. Professor of Pathology, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Qamar Jamal
- Dr. Qamar Jamal, MBBS, MPhil, PhD. Professor of Pathology, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
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Moreno-Campoy EE, Mérida-De la Torre FJ, Martos-Crespo F, Plebani M. [Gender differences in the use of tumour markers]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 30:327-34. [PMID: 26410238 DOI: 10.1016/j.cali.2015.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Revised: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE Gender is one of the factors that can influence the use of health resources. The use of tumour markers is widespread, due to the importance of these in monitoring cancer development. The aim of this study is to analyse the influence of gender on the use of tumour markers, and to investigate whether there are differences in their use. MATERIAL AND METHODS A longitudinal, retrospective and descriptive study, with a 2-year follow-up, was conducted in the catchment area of the University Hospital of Padua. An analysis was performed on 23,059 analytical requests for tumour markers. A descriptive and frequency analysis was performed on all variables. The statistical analysis was performed using Chi squared, Student t and Mann-Whitney U to test for significance. RESULTS The number of requests for women (1.5) was lower than men (1.6). In patients with tumour pathology, the number of requests was higher than in patients without tumour disease. In the analysis by disease and gender, the difference remained significant. As regards the number of tumour markers per request, the difference between genders was also significant: 2.13 in males versus 2.85 in women. Similar results were obtained when requests for tumour markers linked to gender-related diseases were eliminated. CONCLUSIONS There are differences in the use of tumour markers by gender with the number of requests for male patients being higher than for females. However, the number of tumour markers per request is greater in women than in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- E E Moreno-Campoy
- Unidad de Farmacia, Área de Gestión Sanitaria Serranía de Málaga, Málaga, España; Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, España.
| | | | - F Martos-Crespo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, España
| | - M Plebani
- Laboratorio de Medicina, Hospital de Padua, Padua, Italia
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Luporsi E, Bellocq JP, Barrière J, Bonastre J, Chetritt J, Le Corroller AG, de Cremoux P, Fina F, Gauchez AS, Lamy PJ, Martin PM, Mazouni C, Peyrat JP, Romieu G, Verdoni L, Mazeau-Woynar V, Kassab-Chahmi D. [uPA/PAI-1, Oncotype DX™, MammaPrint(®). Prognosis and predictive values for clinical utility in breast cancer management]. Bull Cancer 2015; 102:719-29. [PMID: 26235416 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Luporsi
- Institut de cancérologie de Lorraine, 6, avenue de Bourgogne, 54519 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy cedex, France
| | | | - Jérôme Barrière
- Centre Antoine-Lacassagne, 33, avenue de Valombrose, 06189 Nice, France
| | - Julia Bonastre
- Institut Gustave-Roussy, 114, rue Édouard-Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif cedex, France
| | - Jérôme Chetritt
- Institut d'histopathologie, 55, rue Amiral-du-Chaffault, 44100 Nantes, France
| | - Anne-Gaëlle Le Corroller
- UMR 912 Inserm, institut Paoli-Calmettes, 232, boulevard Sainte-Marguerite, 13009 Marseille, France
| | | | - Frédéric Fina
- AP-HM, faculté de médecine-secteur Nord, chemin des Bourrely, 13915 Marseille cedex 20, France
| | | | - Pierre-Jean Lamy
- Institut régional du cancer, 208, avenue des Apothicaires, 34298 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Pierre-Marie Martin
- AP-HM, faculté de médecine-secteur Nord, chemin des Bourrely, 13915 Marseille cedex 20, France
| | - Chafika Mazouni
- Institut Gustave-Roussy, 114, rue Édouard-Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif cedex, France
| | | | - Gilles Romieu
- Institut régional du cancer, 208, avenue des Apothicaires, 34298 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Laetitia Verdoni
- Institut national du cancer, 52, avenue André-Morizet, 92513 Boulogne-Billancourt cedex, France
| | - Valérie Mazeau-Woynar
- Institut national du cancer, 52, avenue André-Morizet, 92513 Boulogne-Billancourt cedex, France
| | - Diana Kassab-Chahmi
- Institut national du cancer, 52, avenue André-Morizet, 92513 Boulogne-Billancourt cedex, France.
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