1
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Thevis M, Walpurgis K, Thomas A. DropWise: current role and future perspectives of dried blood spots (DBS), blood microsampling, and their analysis in sports drug testing. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2023; 60:41-62. [PMID: 35938300 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2022.2103085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
For decades, blood testing has been an integral part of routine doping controls. The breadth of information contained in blood samples has become considerably more accessible for anti-doping purposes over the last 10 years through technological advancements regarding analytical instrumentation as well as enhanced sample collection systems. Particularly, microsampling of whole blood and serum, for instance as dried blood spots (DBS), has opened new avenues in sports drug testing and substantially increased the availability and cost-effectiveness of doping control specimens. Thus, microvolume blood specimens possess the potential to improve monitoring of blood hormone and drug levels, support evaluation of circulating drug concentrations in competition, and enhance the stability of labile markers and target analytes in blood passport analyses as well as peptide hormone and steroid ester detection. Further, the availability of the fraction of lysed erythrocytes for anti-doping purposes warrants additional investigation, considering the sequestering capability of red blood cells (RBCs) for certain substances, as a complementary approach in support of the clean sport.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Thevis
- Institute of Biochemistry/Center for Preventive Doping Research, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,European Monitoring Center for Emerging Doping Agents (EuMoCEDA), Bonn, Germany
| | - Katja Walpurgis
- Institute of Biochemistry/Center for Preventive Doping Research, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - A Thomas
- Institute of Biochemistry/Center for Preventive Doping Research, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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2
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Mazzarino M, Di Costanzo L, Comunità F, Stacchini C, de la Torre X, Botrè F. UHPLC-HRMS Method for the Simultaneous Screening of 235 Drugs in Capillary Blood for Doping Control Purpose: Comparative Evaluation of Volumetric and Non-volumetric Dried Blood Spotting Devices. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:31845-31868. [PMID: 36119994 PMCID: PMC9475635 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We present a quick and simple multi-targeted analytical workflow based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry for the screening in dried blood spots and dried plasma spots of a wide variety of drugs with different chemical properties. Seven different microsampling devices were evaluated in view of their application for the detection of the selected target analytes in the framework of doping control analysis. The extraction of the analytes was optimized by assessing the efficacy of protocols based on ultrasonication with aqueous buffers and/or organic solvents of different polarities. Optimal recoveries were obtained by using pure methanol or mixtures of methanol/acetonitrile and methanol/isopropanol, depending on both the device and the target analytes. The method was fully validated according to both ISO17025 and the requirements of the World Anti-Doping Agency: all the analytes were clearly distinguishable from the matrix, with limits of detection in the range of 0.1-3.0 ng mL-1. Stability studies simulating the storage of samples before the analysis and in view of a possible re-analysis showed that most of the analytes were stable for at least 24 h at 50 °C and for at least 3 weeks at 25 and at 4 °C. The real applicability of the method was assessed by analyzing the samples collected after the administration of two model drugs, acetazolamide and deflazacort. The performance of the method was confirmed to be fit for purpose, and data obtained in blood can also be used to complement those available in urine, allowing to refine the knowledge concerning the pharmacokinetic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Mazzarino
- Laboratorio
Antidoping, Federazione Medico Sportiva
Italiana, Largo Giulio
Onesti, 1, 00197 Rome, Italy
| | - Ludovica Di Costanzo
- Laboratorio
Antidoping, Federazione Medico Sportiva
Italiana, Largo Giulio
Onesti, 1, 00197 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Comunità
- Laboratorio
Antidoping, Federazione Medico Sportiva
Italiana, Largo Giulio
Onesti, 1, 00197 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlotta Stacchini
- Laboratorio
Antidoping, Federazione Medico Sportiva
Italiana, Largo Giulio
Onesti, 1, 00197 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento
Chimica e Tecnologia del Farmaco, “Sapienza”
Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Xavier de la Torre
- Laboratorio
Antidoping, Federazione Medico Sportiva
Italiana, Largo Giulio
Onesti, 1, 00197 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Botrè
- Laboratorio
Antidoping, Federazione Medico Sportiva
Italiana, Largo Giulio
Onesti, 1, 00197 Rome, Italy
- REDs—Research
and Expertise in Anti-Doping Sciences, ISSUL—Institute of Sport
Sciences, University of Lausanne, Synathlon—Quartier Centre, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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3
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Miller GD, Husk J, Crouch AK, Eichner D. Growth hormone isoform testing in capillary dried blood spots: results from single and multiple dose administration studies and large‐scale field collections. Drug Test Anal 2022; 14:1255-1263. [DOI: 10.1002/dta.3248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacob Husk
- Sports Medicine Research and Testing Laboratory Salt Lake City UT USA
| | - Andre K. Crouch
- Sports Medicine Research and Testing Laboratory Salt Lake City UT USA
| | - Daniel Eichner
- Sports Medicine Research and Testing Laboratory Salt Lake City UT USA
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4
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Saad K, Salama S, Horvatovich P, Al Maadheed M, Georgakopoulos C. Olympic anti-doping laboratory: the analytical technological road from 2016 Rio De Janeiro to 2021 Tokyo. Bioanalysis 2021; 13:1511-1527. [PMID: 34617444 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2021-0157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The summer Olympic Games is the major mega sports event since the first modern era Olympiad, held in Athens, Greece in 1896. International Olympic Committee (IOC) has the responsibility of the organization of the summer and winter Games ensuring the broadcast in all corners of earth. The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) is the responsible organization of the fight against doping in sports. IOC and WADA support the event's country WADA Accredited Laboratory to incorporate the maximum of the new analytical technologies to become applicable during the event's antidoping testing. The current study reviewed the last 5 years progresses of the antidoping system with emphasis on the laboratory field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadija Saad
- Anti-Doping Lab Qatar (ADLQ), Doha, 27775, Qatar
| | - Sofia Salama
- Anti-Doping Lab Qatar (ADLQ), Doha, 27775, Qatar
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5
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Rocca A, Martin L, Kuuranne T, Ericsson M, Marchand A, Leuenberger N. A fast screening method for the detection of CERA in dried blood spots. Drug Test Anal 2021; 14:820-825. [PMID: 34380180 PMCID: PMC9540874 DOI: 10.1002/dta.3142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Continuous erythropoietin receptor activator (CERA) is a third‐generation erythropoiesis‐stimulating agent that was developed for the treatment of anemia. However, misuse of CERA for doping in endurance sports has been reported. Previous studies have shown blood as the matrix of choice for the detection of CERA, due to its high molecular weight. The use of dried blood spots (DBSs) for anti‐doping purposes constitutes a complementary approach to the standard urine and venous blood matrices and could facilitate sample collection and increase the number of blood samples available for analysis due to reduced costs of sample collection and transport. Here, we investigated whether CERA could be indirectly detected in extracts of single DBSs using an erythropoietin‐specific immunoassay that is capable of providing results within approximately 2 h. Reconstituted DBS samples were prepared from mixtures of red blood cell pellets and serum samples. The samples were collected in a previous clinical study in which six healthy volunteers were injected with a single, 200 μg dose of CERA. Using a commercially available ELISA kit, CERA was detected in the DBSs with a detection window of up to 20 days post‐injection. Furthermore, in order to demonstrate the fitness‐for‐purpose, three authentic doping control serum samples, which were identified as containing CERA, were analyzed by the presented methodological approach on DBS. The testing procedure described here could be used as a fast and cost‐effective method for the detection of CERA abuse in sport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Rocca
- Swiss Laboratory for Doping Analyses, University Center of Legal Medicine, Lausanne & Geneva, Lausanne University Hospital & University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Martin
- Analysis Department, Agence Française de Lutte contre le Dopage (AFLD), Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Tiia Kuuranne
- Swiss Laboratory for Doping Analyses, University Center of Legal Medicine, Lausanne & Geneva, Lausanne University Hospital & University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Magnus Ericsson
- Analysis Department, Agence Française de Lutte contre le Dopage (AFLD), Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Alexandre Marchand
- Analysis Department, Agence Française de Lutte contre le Dopage (AFLD), Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Nicolas Leuenberger
- Swiss Laboratory for Doping Analyses, University Center of Legal Medicine, Lausanne & Geneva, Lausanne University Hospital & University of Lausanne, Switzerland
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6
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Salamin O, Nicoli R, Xu C, Boccard J, Rudaz S, Pitteloud N, Saugy M, Kuuranne T. Steroid profiling by UHPLC-MS/MS in dried blood spots collected from healthy women with and without testosterone gel administration. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 204:114280. [PMID: 34340018 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The quantification of a large panel of endogenous steroids in serum by LC-MS/MS represents a powerful clinical tool for the screening or diagnosis of diverse endocrine disorders. This approach has also demonstrated excellent sensitivity for the detection of testosterone misuse in the anti-doping field, especially in female athlete population. In both situations, the use of dried blood spots (DBS) could provide a viable alternative to invasive venous blood collection. Here, the evaluation of DBS sampling for the quantification of a panel of endogenous steroids using UHPLC-MS/MS is described. The UHPLC-MS/MS method was validated for quantitative analysis of eleven free and eight conjugated steroids and was then used for the analysis of DBS samples collected in 14 healthy women during a normal menstrual cycle (control phase) followed by a 28-days testosterone gel treatment (treatment phase). Results were compared with those obtained from serum matrix. Satisfactory performance was obtained for all compounds in terms of selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, combined uncertainty, stability as well as extraction recovery and matrix effects. In control phase, high correlation was observed between DBS and serum concentrations for most compounds. In treatment phase, higher testosterone concentrations were observed in capillary than in venous DBS, suggesting a possible interference resulting from testosterone contamination on finger(s) used for gel application. Steroid profiling in capillary DBS represents a simple and efficient strategy for monitoring endogenous steroid concentrations and their fluctuation in clinical context of steroid-related disorders, or for the detection of testosterone abuse in anti-doping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Salamin
- Center of Research and Expertise in Anti-Doping Sciences - REDs, Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Laboratory for Doping Analyses, University Center of Legal Medicine, Lausanne and Geneva, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Raul Nicoli
- Swiss Laboratory for Doping Analyses, University Center of Legal Medicine, Lausanne and Geneva, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cheng Xu
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julien Boccard
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University Medical Centre, 1 Rue Michel-Servet, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland (ISPSO), University of Geneva, Switzerland; Division of Biomedical and Metabolomic Analyses, Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Serge Rudaz
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University Medical Centre, 1 Rue Michel-Servet, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland (ISPSO), University of Geneva, Switzerland; Division of Biomedical and Metabolomic Analyses, Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nelly Pitteloud
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Martial Saugy
- Center of Research and Expertise in Anti-Doping Sciences - REDs, Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tiia Kuuranne
- Swiss Laboratory for Doping Analyses, University Center of Legal Medicine, Lausanne and Geneva, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
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7
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Abstract
A series of dried blood spot (DBS) detection methods for doping agents have been developed in the last two decades. The DBS technique minimizes invasiveness and reduces storage and shipping costs. Recently, the World Anti-Doping Agency announced the use of DBS for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games and Paralympic Games owing to the advantages of the DBS application in routine doping control. Therefore the further development of detection methods for doping agents in DBS is important and urgent. This review summarizes five aspects of DBS application in doping analysis: sample collection, storage conditions, pretreatment, instrumentation and validation according to the Prohibited List issued by the World Anti-Doping Agency, and proposes some suggestions for future studies of DBS in doping analysis.
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8
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Luginbühl M, Gaugler S. Dried blood spots for anti-doping: Why just going volumetric may not be sufficient. Drug Test Anal 2020; 13:69-73. [PMID: 33201591 DOI: 10.1002/dta.2977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The perspective discusses quantitative DBS analysis for anti-doping testing in an athletic population and why only using volumetric sampling for this subgroup might not be enough. It presents examples to highlight where HCT variations occur, followed by a whole blood to plasma ratio and an HCT extraction bias discussion. Finally, options to correct for the HCT bias are presented.
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9
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Thevis M, Knoop A, Schaefer MS, Dufaux B, Schrader Y, Thomas A, Geyer H. Can dried blood spots (DBS) contribute to conducting comprehensive SARS-CoV-2 antibody tests? Drug Test Anal 2020; 12:994-997. [PMID: 32386354 PMCID: PMC7272963 DOI: 10.1002/dta.2816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Thevis
- Center for Preventive Doping Research ‐ Institute of BiochemistryGerman Sport University CologneCologneGermany
- European Monitoring Center for Emerging Doping AgentsCologneGermany
| | - Andre Knoop
- Center for Preventive Doping Research ‐ Institute of BiochemistryGerman Sport University CologneCologneGermany
| | - Maximilian S. Schaefer
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center & Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- Department of AnaesthesiologyUniversity Hospital DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | | | - Yvonne Schrader
- Center for Preventive Doping Research ‐ Institute of BiochemistryGerman Sport University CologneCologneGermany
| | - Andreas Thomas
- Center for Preventive Doping Research ‐ Institute of BiochemistryGerman Sport University CologneCologneGermany
| | - Hans Geyer
- Center for Preventive Doping Research ‐ Institute of BiochemistryGerman Sport University CologneCologneGermany
- European Monitoring Center for Emerging Doping AgentsCologneGermany
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10
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11
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Automation of RNA-based biomarker extraction from dried blood spots for the detection of blood doping. Bioanalysis 2020; 12:729-736. [DOI: 10.4155/bio-2020-0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Transcriptomic biomarkers originating from reticulocytes measured in dried blood spots (DBSs) may be reliable indicators of blood doping. Methods/results: Here, we examined changes in the expression levels of the erythropoiesis-related ALAS2, CA1 and SLC4A1 genes in DBS samples from elite athletes and volunteers of clinical study with recombinant erythropoietin dose. Conclusion: By comparing the mean intraday coefficients of variation for ALAS2L, ALASLC, CA1 and SLC4A1 between manual and automated RNA extractions, an average improvement was observed, whereas the assessment of interday variability provided comparable results for both manual and automated approaches. Our results confirmed that RNA biomarkers on DBS support are efficient to detect blood doping.
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12
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Salamin O, Gottardo E, Schobinger C, Reverter-Branchat G, Segura J, Saugy M, Kuuranne T, Tissot JD, Favrat B, Leuenberger N. Detection of Stimulated Erythropoiesis by the RNA-Based 5'-Aminolevulinate Synthase 2 Biomarker in Dried Blood Spot Samples. Clin Chem 2019; 65:1563-1571. [DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2019.306829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Despite implementation of the Athlete Biological Passport 10 years ago, blood doping remains difficult to detect. Thus, there is a need for new biomarkers to increase the sensitivity of the adaptive model. Transcriptomic biomarkers originating from immature reticulocytes may be reliable indicators of blood manipulations. Furthermore, the use of dried blood spots (DBSs) for antidoping purposes constitutes a complementary approach to venous blood collection. Here, we developed a method of quantifying the RNA-based 5′-aminolevulinate synthase 2 (ALAS2) biomarker in DBS.
MATERIALS
The technical, interindividual, and intraindividual variabilities of the method, and the effects of storage conditions on the production levels of ALAS2 RNA were assessed. The method was used to monitor erythropoiesis stimulated endogenously (blood withdrawal) or exogenously (injection of recombinant human erythropoietin).
RESULTS
When measured over a 7-week period, the intra- and interindividual variabilities of ALAS2 expression in DBS were 12.5%–42.4% and 49%, respectively. Following withdrawal of 1 unit of blood, the ALAS2 RNA in DBS increased significantly for up to 15 days. Variations in the expression level of this biomarker in DBS samples were more marked than those of the conventional hematological parameters, reticulocyte percentage and immature reticulocyte fraction. After exogenous stimulation of erythropoiesis via recombinant human erythropoietin injection, ALAS2 expression in DBS increased by a mean 8-fold.
CONCLUSIONS
Monitoring of transcriptomic biomarkers in DBS could complement the measurement of hematological parameters in the Athlete Biological Passport and aid the detection of blood manipulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Salamin
- Center of Research and Expertise in Anti-Doping Sciences – REDs, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Emeric Gottardo
- Swiss Laboratory for Doping Analyses, University Center of Legal Medicine, Lausanne and Geneva, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Céline Schobinger
- Swiss Laboratory for Doping Analyses, University Center of Legal Medicine, Lausanne and Geneva, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gemma Reverter-Branchat
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience Research Group, Neurosciences Research Program, IMIM – Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Segura
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience Research Group, Neurosciences Research Program, IMIM – Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Catalonian Antidoping Laboratory, Doping Control Research Group, Neurosciences Research Program, IMIM – Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Martial Saugy
- Center of Research and Expertise in Anti-Doping Sciences – REDs, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tiia Kuuranne
- Swiss Laboratory for Doping Analyses, University Center of Legal Medicine, Lausanne and Geneva, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Bernard Favrat
- Department of Ambulatory Care and Community Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Leuenberger
- Swiss Laboratory for Doping Analyses, University Center of Legal Medicine, Lausanne and Geneva, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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13
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Development of two complementary LC–HRMS methods for analyzing sotatercept in dried blood spots for doping controls. Bioanalysis 2019; 11:923-940. [DOI: 10.4155/bio-2018-0313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: sotatercept is a therapeutic Fc-fusion protein with erythropoiesis-stimulating activity. Due to a potential abuse of the drug by athletes in professional sports, a sensitive detection method is required. In sports drug testing, alternative matrices such as dried blood spots (DBS) are gaining increasing attention as they can provide several advantages over conventional matrices. Materials & methods: Herein, two complementary LC–high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) detection methods for sotatercept from DBS, an initial testing procedure (ITP) and a confirmation procedure (CP) were developed and validated for the first time. Both methods comprise an ultrasonication-assisted extraction, affinity enrichment, proteolytic digestion and HRMS detection. Results & conclusion: For the multianalyte ITP, artificial samples fortified with sotatercept, luspatercept and bimagrumab, and authentic specimens containing bimagrumab were successfully analyzed as proof-of-concept. The validated detection methods for sotatercept are fit for purpose and the ITP was shown to be suitable for the detection of novel IgG-based pharmaceuticals in doping control DBS samples.
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14
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Reverter-Branchat G, Ventura R, Ezzel Din M, Mateus J, Pedro C, Segura J. Detection of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents in a single dried blood spot. Drug Test Anal 2018; 10:1496-1507. [DOI: 10.1002/dta.2418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Reverter-Branchat
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience Research Group, Neurosciences Research Program; IMIM - Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute; Barcelona Spain
| | - Rosa Ventura
- Catalonian Antidoping Laboratory, Doping Control Research Group, Neurosciences Research Programme; IMIM - Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute; Barcelona Spain
| | - Mohammed Ezzel Din
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience Research Group, Neurosciences Research Program; IMIM - Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute; Barcelona Spain
| | - Julián Mateus
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience Research Group, Neurosciences Research Program; IMIM - Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute; Barcelona Spain
| | - Carme Pedro
- Department of Hematology; Hospital del Mar-IMIM; Barcelona Spain
| | - Jordi Segura
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience Research Group, Neurosciences Research Program; IMIM - Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute; Barcelona Spain
- Catalonian Antidoping Laboratory, Doping Control Research Group, Neurosciences Research Programme; IMIM - Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute; Barcelona Spain
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15
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Thevis M, Kuuranne T, Geyer H. Annual banned-substance review: Analytical approaches in human sports drug testing. Drug Test Anal 2017; 10:9-27. [DOI: 10.1002/dta.2336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Thevis
- Center for Preventive Doping Research - Institute of Biochemistry; German Sport University Cologne; Germany
- European Monitoring Center for Emerging Doping Agents; Cologne Germany
| | - Tiia Kuuranne
- Swiss Laboratory for Doping Analyses; University Center of Legal Medicine, Genève and Lausanne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne; Epalinges Switzerland
| | - Hans Geyer
- Center for Preventive Doping Research - Institute of Biochemistry; German Sport University Cologne; Germany
- European Monitoring Center for Emerging Doping Agents; Cologne Germany
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16
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Cox HD, Eichner D. Mass Spectrometry Method to Measure Membrane Proteins in Dried Blood Spots for the Detection of Blood Doping Practices in Sport. Anal Chem 2017; 89:10029-10036. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Holly D. Cox
- Sports Medicine Research and Testing Laboratory, 560 Arapeen Drive, Suite 150A, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108, United States
| | - Daniel Eichner
- Sports Medicine Research and Testing Laboratory, 560 Arapeen Drive, Suite 150A, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108, United States
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17
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Ferro P, Ventura R, Pérez-Mañá C, Farré M, Segura J. Evaluation of fibronectin 1 in one dried blood spot and in urine after rhGH treatment. Drug Test Anal 2016; 9:1011-1016. [DOI: 10.1002/dta.2108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Ferro
- Bioanalysis Research Group, Neuroscience Research Program; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute); Barcelona Spain
| | - R. Ventura
- Bioanalysis Research Group, Neuroscience Research Program; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute); Barcelona Spain
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park; Barcelona Spain
| | - C. Pérez-Mañá
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience Research Group; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute); Barcelona Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona-UAB, Cerdanyola del Vallés; Bellaterra Spain
| | - M. Farré
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience Research Group; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute); Barcelona Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona-UAB, Cerdanyola del Vallés; Bellaterra Spain
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit; Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol-IGTP; Badalona Spain
| | - J. Segura
- Bioanalysis Research Group, Neuroscience Research Program; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute); Barcelona Spain
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park; Barcelona Spain
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Bidlingmaier
- Endocrine Laboratory, Medizinische Klinik und Polklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Analytical progresses of the World Anti-Doping Agency Olympic laboratories: a 2016 update from London to Rio. Bioanalysis 2016; 8:2265-2279. [PMID: 27665839 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2016-0185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The 2016 Olympic and Paralympic Games, the biggest event in human sports, was held in Rio de Janeiro with more than 10,500 athletes from 206 countries over the world competing for the highest of sports honors, an Olympic medal. With the hope that the Olympic ideal accompanies all aspects of the XXXI Olympiad, WADA accredited antidoping laboratories use the spearhead of analytical technology as a powerful tool in the fight against doping. This review summarizes the main analytical developments applied in antidoping testing methodology combined with the main amendments on the WADA regulations regarding analytical testing starting from the 2012 London Olympics until the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro.
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