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Lu C, Liu Q, Qiao Z, Yang X, Baghani AN, Wang F. High humidity and NO 2 co-exposure exacerbates allergic asthma by increasing oxidative stress, inflammatory and TRP protein expressions in lung tissue. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 353:124127. [PMID: 38759746 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease with a high mortality rate and a rapidly increasing prevalence in recent decades that is closely linked to environmental change. Previous research found that high humidity (HH) and the traffic-related air pollutant NO2 both aggregated allergic asthma. Their combined effect and mechanisms on asthma exacerbation, however, are unknown. Our study aims to toxicologically clarify the role of HH (90%) and NO2 (5 ppm) on allergic asthma. Ninety male Balb/c mice were randomly assigned to one of six groups (n = 15 in each): saline control, ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized, OVA + HH, OVA + NO2, OVA + HH + NO2, and OVA + HH + NO2+Capsazepine (CZP). After 38 days of treatment, the airway function, pathological changes in lung tissue, blood inflammatory cells, and oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers were comprehensively assessed. Co-exposure to HH and NO2 exacerbated histopathological changes and airway hyperresponsiveness, increased IgE, oxidative stress markers malonaldehyde (MDA) and allergic asthma-related inflammation markers (IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-17), and upregulated the expressions of the transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels (TRPA1, TRPV1 and TRPV4). Our findings show that co-exposure to HH and NO2 disrupted the Th1/Th2 immune balance, promoting allergic airway inflammation and asthma susceptibility, and increasing TRPV1 expression, whereas CZP reduced TRPV1 expression and alleviated allergic asthma symptoms. Thus, therapeutic treatments that target the TRPV1 ion channel have the potential to effectively manage allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Lu
- XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Healthy Building, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qin Liu
- XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zipeng Qiao
- XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Abbas Norouzian Baghani
- Environmental Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Faming Wang
- Division of Animal and Human Health Engineering, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Bai S, Zhang J, Cui L, Du S, Lin S, Liang Y, Liu Y, Wang Z. The joint effect of cumulative doses for outdoor air pollutants exposure in early life on asthma and wheezing among young children. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 273:116097. [PMID: 38367605 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Constrained by no proper way to assess cumulative exposure, the joint effect of air pollution cumulative exposure doses on childhood asthma and wheezing (AW) was not understood. OBJECTIVE To assess the association between cumulative exposure to multiple air pollutants in early life and childhood AW. METHODS We designed a nested case-control study based on the birth cohort in Jinan City. Children with AW followed up within 2 years after birth were treated as cases, and non-cases in this cohort were treated as the control source population, and the propensity score matching method was used to match each case to 5 controls. We calculated the individual cumulative outdoor exposure doses for each period using an inverse distance weighted model, alongside the complex Simpson's formula, accounting for outdoor time and respiratory volume. The Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) regression was performed to screen for covariates. To analyze the joint effects of pollutants, we employed the weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression model in conjunction with conditional logistic regression. RESULTS 84 cases and 420 controls were included in this study. The odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) of the impact of cumulative exposure (mg/m3) after birth on childhood AW was 1.78 (1.15-2.74) for SO2, 1.69 (1.11-2.57) for NO2, and 1.65 (1.09-2.52) for PM2.5, respectively. Furthermore, with each 25th percentile increase in the WQS index, the overall risk of cumulative doses for six pollutants exposure after birth on AW increased by an adjusted OR of 1.10 (1.03, 1.18), and SO2, PM2.5, and NO2 contributed the most to the WQS index. However, no statistically significant association was found between cumulative exposure to all pollutants before birth and childhood AW. CONCLUSIONS There was a joint effect of the cumulative exposure dose of outdoor air pollutants after birth on AW in children aged 0-2 years. And traffic-related pollutants (SO2, PM2.5, and NO2) make a greater contribution to the joint effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuoxin Bai
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China; Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China
| | - Jiatao Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Liangliang Cui
- Jinan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, PR China; Jinan Mental Health Center, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Du
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China; Department of Environmental Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Shaoqian Lin
- Jinan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yuxiu Liang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China.
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China.
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Wang Q, Li YL, Yin YL, Hu B, Yu CC, Wang ZD, Li YH, Xu CJ, Wang YB. Association of air pollutants and meteorological factors with tuberculosis: a national multicenter ecological study in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2023; 67:1629-1641. [PMID: 37535117 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-023-02524-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
The impact of weather variability and air pollutants on tuberculosis (TB) has been a research hotspot. Previous studies have mostly been limited to a certain area or with a small sample size of cases, and multi-scale systematic studies are lacking. In this study, 14,816,329 TB cases were collected from 31 provinces in China between 2004 and 2018 to estimate the association between TB risk and meteorological factors and air pollutants using a two-stage time-series analysis. The impact and lagged time of meteorological factors and air pollutants on TB risk varied greatly in different provinces and regions. Overall cumulative exposure-response summary associations across 31 provinces suggested that high monthly mean relative humidity (RH) (66.8-82.4%, percentile56-100 (P56-100)), rainfall (316.5-331.1 mm, P96-100), PM2.5 exposure concentration (93.3-145.0 μg/m3, P58-100), and low monthly mean wind speed (1.6-2.1 m/s, P0-38) increased the risk of TB incidence, with a relative risk (RR) of 1.10 (95% CI: 1.04-1.16), 1.10 (95% CI: 1.03-1.16), 2.08 (95% CI: 1.18-3.65), and 2.06 (95% CI: 1.27-3.33), and attributable risk percent (AR%) of 9%, 9%, 52%, and 51%, respectively. Conversely, high monthly average wind speed (2.3-2.9 m/s, P54-100) and mean temperature (20.2-25.3 °C, P79-96), and low monthly average rainfall (2.4-25.2 mm, P0-7) and concentration of SO2 (8.1-21.2 μg/m3, P0-16) exposure decreased the risk of TB incidence, with an overall cumulative RR of 0.92 (95% CI: 0.87-0.98), 0.74 (95% CI: 0.59-0.94), 0.87 (95% CI: 0.79-0.95), and 0.72 (95% CI: 0.56-0.93), respectively. Our study provided insights into future planning of public health interventions for TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Yan-Lin Li
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Ya-Ling Yin
- Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury of Henan Province, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Bin Hu
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Chong-Chong Yu
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Zhen-de Wang
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Shandong Province, Weifang, 261053, China
- National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yu-Hong Li
- National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Chun-Jie Xu
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Yong-Bin Wang
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
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Association of Daily Exposure to Air Pollutants with the Risk of Tuberculosis in Xuhui District of Shanghai, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19106085. [PMID: 35627622 PMCID: PMC9141396 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19106085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that air pollutant exposure is related to tuberculosis (TB) risk, but results have not been consistent. This study evaluated the relation between daily air pollutant exposure and TB incidence in Shanghai from 2014 to 2019. Overall, there were four pollutants that were positively related to the risk of new TB cases. After a 5 μg/m3 increase, the maximum lag-specific and cumulative relative risk (RR) of SO2 were 1.081, (95% CI: 1.035–1.129, lag: 3 days) and 1.616 (95% CI: 1.119–2.333, lag: 0–13 days), while for NO2, they were 1.061 (95% CI: 1.015–1.11, lag: 4 days) and 1.8 (95% CI: 1.113–2.91, lag: 0–15 days). As for PM2.5, with a 50 μg/m3 increase, the lag-specific and cumulative RR were 1.064 (95% CI: 1–1.132, lag: 6 days) and 3.101 (95% CI: 1.096–8.777, lag: 0–21 days), while for CO, the lag-specific RR was 1.03 (95% CI: 1.005–1.057, lag: 8 days) and the cumulative RR was 1.436 (95% CI: 1.004–2.053, lag: 0–16 days) with a 100 μg/m3 increase. The associations tended to be stronger in male and elderly patients and differed with seasons. Air pollutant exposure may be a risk factor for TB incidence.
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Han M, Ji X, Li G, Sang N. NO 2 inhalation enhances asthma susceptibility in a rat model. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:27843-27854. [PMID: 28986735 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0402-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a major air pollutant. Epidemiologic studies have found that NO2 exposure is associated with an increased risk of asthma. Nevertheless, the potential molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of NO2 inhalation on the occurrence of allergic airway inflammation and its underlying mechanisms. Firstly, male Wistar rats were exposed to 2 and 5 mg/m3 NO2 (28 days, 5 h/day). The results showed that NO2 exposure could induce pulmonary inflammatory response, mucus formation, and Th1/Th2 imbalance in the lung of normal rats, resulting in allergic asthma-like features. Secondly, male Wistar rats were exposed to 5 mg/m3 NO2 (42 days, 5 h/day), sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA), challenged with aerosolized OVA, and characterized in asthma models. Results showed that NO2 exposure aggravated lung inflammation in the OVA-sensitized rats, accompanied by the increase in inflammatory cell infiltration, mucus hypersecretion, and collagen deposition. Furthermore, NO2 exposure promoted the increase in the expression of mucin gene (MUC5AC) and pro-inflammatory factors [interleukin (IL)-1β, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and IL-6] as well as serum OVA-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) production. Taken together, we established that NO2 exposure promotes allergic airway inflammation and increases the asthma susceptibility. The underlying mechanisms involve the promotion of activation of interleukin-4/signal transducer and activator of transcription-6 (IL-4/STAT6) pathway [IL-4 receptor (IL-4R) α, janus kinase (JAK) 1, JAK 3, and STAT6] and related transcription factor [T cell-specific protein-tyrosine kinase (Lck), extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)]. In particular, the imbalance of Th1/Th2 cell differentiation [IL-4, interferon (IFN)-γ, GATA-binding protein-3 (GATA-3), and T-box expressed in T cells (T-bet)] plays a pivotal role in NO2-induced inflammatory responses. These findings may provide a better understanding of mechanism of NO2-associated respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Han
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaotong Ji
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangke Li
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Nan Sang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
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Mauderly JL, Barrett EG, Day KC, Gigliotti AP, McDonald JD, Harrod KS, Lund AK, Reed MD, Seagrave JC, Campen MJ, Seilkop SK. The National Environmental Respiratory Center (NERC) experiment in multi-pollutant air quality health research: II. Comparison of responses to diesel and gasoline engine exhausts, hardwood smoke and simulated downwind coal emissions. Inhal Toxicol 2015; 26:651-67. [PMID: 25162719 DOI: 10.3109/08958378.2014.925523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The NERC Program conducted identically designed exposure-response studies of the respiratory and cardiovascular responses of rodents exposed by inhalation for up to 6 months to diesel and gasoline exhausts (DE, GE), wood smoke (WS) and simulated downwind coal emissions (CE). Concentrations of the four combustion-derived mixtures ranged from near upper bound plausible to common occupational and environmental hotspot levels. An "exposure effect" statistic was created to compare the strengths of exposure-response relationships and adjustments were made to minimize false positives among the large number of comparisons. All four exposures caused statistically significant effects. No exposure caused overt illness, neutrophilic lung inflammation, increased circulating micronuclei or histopathology of major organs visible by light microscopy. DE and GE caused the greatest lung cytotoxicity. WS elicited the most responses in lung lavage fluid. All exposures reduced oxidant production by unstimulated alveolar macrophages, but only GE suppressed stimulated macrophages. Only DE retarded clearance of bacteria from the lung. DE before antigen challenge suppressed responses of allergic mice. CE tended to amplify allergic responses regardless of exposure order. GE and DE induced oxidant stress and pro-atherosclerotic responses in aorta; WS and CE had no such effects. No overall ranking of toxicity was plausible. The ranking of exposures by number of significant responses varied among the response models, with each of the four causing the most responses for at least one model. Each exposure could also be deemed most or least toxic depending on the exposure metric used for comparison. The database is available for additional analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Mauderly
- Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute , Albuquerque, NM , USA
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Yan W, Ji X, Shi J, Li G, Sang N. Acute nitrogen dioxide inhalation induces mitochondrial dysfunction in rat brain. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 138:416-424. [PMID: 25791864 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2015.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Recent epidemiological literatures imply that NO2 is a potential risk factor of neurological disorders. Whereas, the pathogenesis of various neurological diseases has been confirmed correlate to mitochondrial dysfunction, and mitochondria play the crucial roles in energy metabolism, free radicals production and apoptosis triggering in response to neuronal injury. Therefore, to clarify the possible mechanisms for NO2-induced neurotoxicity, in the present study, we investigated the possible effects of acute NO2 inhalation (5, 10 and 20mg/m(3) with 5h/day for 7 days) on energy metabolism and biogenesis in rat cortex, mainly including mitochondrial ultrastructure, mitochondrial membrane potential, cytochrome c oxidase activity, cytochrome c oxidase (CO) and ATP synthase subunits, ATP content, and transcription factors. The results showed that NO2 exposure induced mitochondrial morphological changes in rat cortex, and the alteration was coupled with the abnormality of mitochondrial energy metabolism, including decreased respiratory complexes, reduced ATP production and increased production of ROS. Also, increased ROS in turn caused mitochondrial membrane damage, energy production defect and mitochondrial biogenesis inhibition. It suggests the significantly damaged mitochondrial energy metabolism and impaired biogenesis in rat brain after NO2 exposure, and provides a new understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of NO2-induced neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yan
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Xiaotong Ji
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Jing Shi
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Guangke Li
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Nan Sang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China.
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Hochscheid R, Schreiber N, Kotte E, Weber P, Cassel W, Yang H, Zhang Y, Pöschl U, Müller B. Nitration of protein without allergenic potential triggers modulation of antioxidant response in type II pneumocytes. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2014; 77:679-95. [PMID: 24786675 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2014.888023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Inhalation of nitrogen and reactive oxygen species (ROS) is known to induce lung inflammation, which is prevented by enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant systems. These agents form nitrated allergens that were shown to enhance allergenicity. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of nitrated proteins on inflammation and antioxidant status of the lung. Ovalbumin (OVA) in nitrated form (nOVA) was intraperitoneally (ip) injected in mice for sensitization and in nitrated or unmodified form for challenge to induce allergic bronchial inflammation. To study the allergen potential of unrelated protein and verify cross-reactivity, nitrated and unmodified keyhole limpet hemocyanin (nKLH, KLH) was used for challenge. Challenge with OVA or nOVA reduced lung function and increased eosinophilia and protein content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Challenge with nitrated or native OVA or KLH elevated glutathione (GSH) ratio in type II pneumocytes. Reduced mRNA expression of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) 3, glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD) 2, and catalase (CAT) was most prominent after challenge with nitrated OVA and nitrated KLH, respectively. Challenge with nOVA enhanced SOD1 mRNA reduction. Immunostaining of GPX 3 and SOD2 increased after challenge with OVA or nOVA, while reactivity of GR and reactivity of SOD2 were reduced after challenge with KLH or nKLH. SOD1 immunostaining was diminished after challenge with nonnitrated OVA or KLH. CAT immunoreaction was similar in all groups. Nitrated proteins without allergenic potential triggered mRNA reduction of antioxidants in type II cells after sensitization with a nitrated allergen but did not induce bronchial inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renate Hochscheid
- a Laboratory of Respiratory Cell Biology, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pneumology , Philipps University , Marburg
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Layachi S, Rogerieux F, Robidel F, Lacroix G, Bayat S. Effect of combined nitrogen dioxide and carbon nanoparticle exposure on lung function during ovalbumin sensitization in Brown Norway rat. PLoS One 2012; 7:e45687. [PMID: 23029182 PMCID: PMC3461023 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Accepted: 08/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of particulate and gaseous pollutants in their effects on the severity of allergic inflammation and airway responsiveness are not well understood. We assessed the effect of exposure to NO2 in the presence or absence of repetitive treatment with carbon nanoparticle (CNP) during allergen sensitization and challenges in Borwn-Norway (BN) rat, in order to assess their interactions on lung function and airway responses (AR) to allergen and methacholine (MCH), end-expiratory lung volume (EELV), bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cellular content, serum and BALF cytokine levels and histological changes. Animals were divided into the following groups (n = 6): Control; CNP (Degussa-FW2): 13 nm, 0.5 mg/kg instilled intratracheally ×3 at 7-day intervals; OVA: ovalbumin-sensitised; OVA+CNP: both sensitized and exposed to CNP. Rats were divided into equal groups exposed either to air or to NO2, 10 ppm, 6 h/d, 5d/wk for 4 weeks. Exposure to NO2, significantly enhanced lung inflammation and airway reactivity, with a significantly larger effect in animals sensitized to allergen, which was related to a higher expression of TH1 and TH2-type cytokines. Conversely, exposure to NO2 in animals undergoing repeated tracheal instillation of CNP alone, increased BALF neutrophilia and enhanced the expression of TH1 cytokines: TNF-α and IFN-γ, but did not show an additive effect on airway reactivity in comparison to NO2 alone. The exposure to NO2 combined with CNP treatment and allergen sensitization however, unexpectedly resulted in a significant decrease in both airway reactivity to allergen and to methacholine, and a reduction in TH2-type cytokines compared to allergen sensitization alone. EELV was significantly reduced with sensitization, CNP treatment or both. These data suggest an immunomodulatory effect of repeated tracheal instillation of CNP on the proinflammatory effects of NO2 exposure in sensitized BN rat. Furthermore, our findings suggest that NO2, CNP and OVA sensitization may significantly slow overall lung growth in parenchymally mature animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Skander Layachi
- University of Picardie Jules Verne, EA4285 Laboratoire Périnatalité et Risques Toxiques- UMI01 INERIS, Amiens, France
| | - Françoise Rogerieux
- Departments of Paediatric Cardiology and Respiratory Medicine, Paediatric Lung Function Laboratory, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
| | - Franck Robidel
- Departments of Paediatric Cardiology and Respiratory Medicine, Paediatric Lung Function Laboratory, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
| | - Ghislaine Lacroix
- Departments of Paediatric Cardiology and Respiratory Medicine, Paediatric Lung Function Laboratory, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
| | - Sam Bayat
- University of Picardie Jules Verne, EA4285 Laboratoire Périnatalité et Risques Toxiques- UMI01 INERIS, Amiens, France
- Departments of Paediatric Cardiology and Respiratory Medicine, Paediatric Lung Function Laboratory, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
- * E-mail:
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Gasana J, Dillikar D, Mendy A, Forno E, Ramos Vieira E. Motor vehicle air pollution and asthma in children: a meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2012; 117:36-45. [PMID: 22683007 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2012.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2011] [Revised: 04/27/2012] [Accepted: 05/09/2012] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma affects more than 17 million people in the United States;1/3 of these are children. Children are particularly vulnerable to airborne pollution because of their narrower airways and because they generally breathe more air per pound of body weight than adults, increasing their exposure to air pollutants. However, the results from previous studies on the association between motor vehicle emissions and the development of childhood wheeze and asthma are conflicting. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to clarify their potential relationship. METHODS MEDLINE, Highwire, and The Cochrane Library databases were searched for relevant studies. Adjusted odds ratio (OR) with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) for the association between traffic air pollutants and wheeze or asthma were retrieved from individual studies and pooled to generate summary effect estimates (meta-OR) in STATA 11.1. RESULTS Nineteen studies were included in the meta-analysis. Exposure to nitrogen dioxide (meta-OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.00-1.11), nitrous oxide (meta-OR: 1.02, 95% CI: 1.00-1.04), and carbon monoxide (meta-OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01-1.12) were positively associated with a higher prevalence of childhood asthma. Exposure to sulfur dioxide (meta-OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01-1.07) was positively associated with a higher prevalence of wheeze in children. Exposure to nitrogen dioxide was positively associated with a higher incidence of childhood asthma (meta-OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.06-1.24), and exposures to particulate matter was positively associated with a higher incidence of wheeze in children (meta-OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.04-1.07). CONCLUSIONS Living or attending schools near high traffic density roads exposes children to higher levels of motor vehicle air pollutants, and increases the incidence and prevalence of childhood asthma and wheeze.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janvier Gasana
- South Florida Asthma Consortium, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA.
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Dong GH, Qian Z, Liu MM, Wang D, Ren WH, Fu Q, Wang J, Simckes M, Ferguson TF, Trevathan E. Obesity enhanced respiratory health effects of ambient air pollution in Chinese children: the Seven Northeastern Cities study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2012; 37:94-100. [PMID: 22846775 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2012.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Experimental data suggest that obesity enhances the effects of ambient air pollutants on exacerbation of asthma; however, there is little supporting epidemiological evidence. The aim of present study is to evaluate whether obesity modifies the association between ambient air pollution and respiratory symptoms and asthma in children. METHODS In Northeast China, 30 056 children aged 2-14 years were selected from 25 districts of seven cities. Parents of the children completed questionnaires that characterized the children's histories of respiratory symptoms and illness, and associated risk factors. Overweight and obesity were calculated with an age and sex-specific body mass index (BMI, kg m(-2)), with BMIs of greater than the 85th and 95th percentiles defining overweight and obesity, respectively. Average annual ambient exposure to particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter 10 μm (PM(10)), sulfur dioxide (SO(2)), nitrogen dioxides (NO(2)) and ozone (O(3)) was estimated from data collected at monitoring stations in each of the 25 study districts. RESULTS We observed consistent and significant interactions between exposure and obesity on respiratory symptoms and asthma. The associations between each pollutant's yearly concentrations and respiratory symptoms and asthma were consistently larger for overweight/obese children than for normal-weight children, with odds ratios (ORs) ranging from 1.17 per 31 μg m(-3) for PM(10) on wheeze (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01, 1.36) to 1.50 per 10 μg m(-3) for NO(2) on phlegm (95% CI: 1.21, 1.87) and cough (95% CI: 1.24, 1.81). CONCLUSION These results showed that overweight/obesity enhanced respiratory health effects of air pollution in the study children.
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Affiliation(s)
- G H Dong
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Li H, Chen L, Guo Z, Sang N, Li G. In vivo screening to determine neurological hazards of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) using Wistar rats. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2012; 225-226:46-53. [PMID: 22621880 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.04.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Revised: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
NO(2) is a well-known indoor and outdoor pollutant that may cause adverse health problems. Recently, accumulating but extremely limited evidences show that NO(2) possibly express neurotoxicity and is responsible for various neurological disorders. In the present study, neurological hazard of NO(2) and possible mechanisms were determined in rat pallium following a repetitive inhalation exposure with various concentrations (5, 10 and 20mg/m(3)). After 7-day exposure (6h/day), observable adverse effects were induced encompassing decreased ratio of brain to body weight, mild brain pathology, increased neuronal apoptosis, altered antioxidants (Cu/Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD, GPx and NO) activity and increasing formation of PCO. NO(2) inhalation also induced augment of oncogenes (c-fos, c-jun) levels, and deregulation of apoptosis-related genes (p53, bax and bcl-2) expression. With all above data, the present report provided essential information for the characterization of the neurotoxic hazard of NO(2) and related mechanisms, which is required in response to the general concern about the vulnerability of the neurological system to it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Li
- College of Environment and Resource, Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
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Alberg T, Nilsen A, Hansen JS, Nygaard UC, Løvik M. Nitrogen dioxide: no influence on allergic sensitization in an intranasal mouse model with ovalbumin and diesel exhaust particles. Inhal Toxicol 2011; 23:268-76. [PMID: 21506877 DOI: 10.3109/08958378.2011.566898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The role of traffic-related air pollution in the development of allergic diseases is still unclear. We therefore investigated if NO₂, an important constituent of traffic-related air pollution, promotes allergic sensitization to the allergen ovalbumin (OVA). We also examined if NO₂ influenced the allergy adjuvant activity of diesel exhaust particles (DEP). For this purpose, mice were exposed intranasally to OVA with or without DEP present, immediately followed by exposure to NO₂ (5 or 25 parts per million [ppm]) or room air for 4 h in whole body exposure chambers. Eighteen hours after the last of three exposures, the lungs of half of the animals were lavaged with saline and markers of lung damage and lung inflammation in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured. Three weeks later, after intranasal booster immunizations with OVA, the levels of OVA-specific IgE and IgG2a antibodies in serum were determined. Both NO₂ (25 ppm) and DEP gave lung damage, measured as increased total protein concentration in BALF, whereas only NO₂ seemed to stimulate release of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). In contrast, only DEP significantly increased the number of neutrophils. Furthermore, DEP in combination with OVA stimulated the production of serum allergen-specific IgE antibodies. NO₂, however, neither increased the production of allergen-specific IgE antibodies, nor influenced the IgE adjuvant activity of DEP. Thus, based on our findings, NO₂ seems to be of less importance than combustion particles in the development of allergic diseases after exposure to traffic-related air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Alberg
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
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Boggia B, Carbone U, Farinaro E, Zarrilli S, Lombardi G, Colao A, De Rosa N, De Rosa M. Effects of working posture and exposure to traffic pollutants on sperm quality. J Endocrinol Invest 2009; 32:430-4. [PMID: 19794293 DOI: 10.1007/bf03346481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An increasing difficulty of couples in achieving pregnancy related to male infertility has been reported. Several factors have been implicated as possible causes of this decrease, including the exposure to the endocrine disruptors and the environmental toxicants, the changes in lifestyle and the exposure to heat. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of working posture when associated to nitrogen oxides exposure. Three hundred and seven male workers, employed in a motorway company, were enrolled into the study, underwent a complete physical examination and laboratory evaluations, endocrine screening and sperm analysis. Taking into account the exposure to fuel combustion gases and the working posture, sitting or free, the study population was divided in 4 groups. In the subjects occupationally exposed to NO2, a significant lower sperm total motility was observed than in not exposed workers. In the workers with obliged sitting working posture, lower sperm motility was also observed than in the workers with free working posture. Differences in sperm quality were strong when chemical and postural risk factors were associated. The findings of this study confirmed detrimental effects of nitrogen dioxide as a marker of traffic pollutants, showing alterations of sperm quality even if the environmental concentration of gas is very low according to the limits established by the Italian legislation. They suggest, also, the possible interaction between chemical exposure and obliged sitting position.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Boggia
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences Unit of Occupational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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Poynter ME, Persinger RL, Irvin CG, Butnor KJ, van Hirtum H, Blay W, Heintz NH, Robbins J, Hemenway D, Taatjes DJ, Janssen-Heininger Y. Nitrogen dioxide enhances allergic airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in the mouse. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2006; 290:L144-52. [PMID: 16085673 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00131.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to being an air pollutant, NO2 is a potent inflammatory oxidant generated endogenously by myeloperoxidase and eosinophil peroxidase. In these studies, we sought to determine the effects of NO2 exposure on mice with ongoing allergic airway disease pathology. Mice were sensitized and challenged with the antigen ovalbumin (OVA) to generate airway inflammation and subsequently exposed to 5 or 25 ppm NO2 for 3 days or 5 days followed by a 20-day recovery period. Whereas 5 ppm NO2 elicited no pathological changes, inhalation of 25 ppm NO2 alone induced acute lung injury, which peaked after 3 days and was characterized by increases in protein, LDH, and neutrophils recovered by BAL, as well as lesions within terminal bronchioles. Importantly, 25 ppm NO2 was also sufficient to cause AHR in mice, a cardinal feature of asthma. The inflammatory changes were ameliorated after 5 days of inhalation and completely resolved after 20 days of recovery after the 5-day inhalation. In contrast, in mice immunized and challenged with OVA, inhalation of 25 ppm NO2 caused a marked augmentation of eosinophilic inflammation and terminal bronchiolar lesions, which extended significantly into the alveoli. Moreover, 20 days postcessation of the 5-day 25 ppm NO2 inhalation regimen, eosinophilic and neutrophilic inflammation, pulmonary lesions, and AHR were still present in mice immunized and challenged with OVA. Collectively, these observations suggest an important role for NO2 in airway pathologies associated with asthma, both in modulation of degree and duration of inflammatory response, as well as in induction of AHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew E Poynter
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
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