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Huanca-Laura L, Aparicio M, Jemio D, Hurtado M, Huanca M, Chuquimia A. Relation between air quality and asthma in high-altitude places, La Paz, Bolivia (3,600 m a.s.l.). BIOMEDICA : REVISTA DEL INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE SALUD 2024; 44:217-229. [PMID: 39088529 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.7155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
Introduction. Asthma is a chronic disease affecting millions of people around the world. Air quality is a major factor in triggering asthma symptoms. Objective. To analyze air quality and asthma in high-altitude residents of La Paz, Bolivia. Materials and methods. In this analytical, descriptive, and retrospective study, we collected data from patients diagnosed with asthma at the Instituto Nacional del Tórax and the Instituto Boliviano de Biología de Altura. In addition, air quality monitoring of particulate matter was carried out at the stations of the Red de Monitoreo de la Calidad del Aire. Results. Women represented 56.9% of cases at the Instituto Nacional del Tórax and the Instituto Boliviano de Biología de Altura. In both institutions, the average age was 47 years and patients were overweight or obese. Increases in PM2.5 were recorded in autumn, winter and spring from 2014, 2016 to 2019 and 2015 in all four seasons. PM10 showed increases in autumn and winter from 2014 to 2020 within the established limits. We observed a positive and significant association between PM2,5 concentration and the spirometry parameters of forced vital capacity, peak expiratory flow, and “reversibility percentage” or “bronchodilator response percentage”. The association of PM10 and forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in the first second, and peak expiratory flow, was also statistically significant. Conclusion. Asthma cases occur on average at 47 years of age in overweight or obese people. We observed a positive association between particles PM2,5 and PM10 with spirometric parameters, stronger with particulate matter PM2,5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizeth Huanca-Laura
- Unidad de Cambio Climático Ambiente y Salud, Instituto Boliviano de Biología de Altura, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Marilyn Aparicio
- Unidad de Cambio Climático Ambiente y Salud, Instituto Boliviano de Biología de Altura, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Demetrio Jemio
- Unidad de Cambio Climático Ambiente y Salud, Instituto Boliviano de Biología de Altura, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Mariana Hurtado
- Unidad de Cambio Climático Ambiente y Salud, Instituto Boliviano de Biología de Altura, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Mayra Huanca
- Unidad de Nefrología del Hospital de Clínicas, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Alexis Chuquimia
- Unidad de Flujo, Termometría y Electricidad, Instituto Boliviano de Metrología, La Paz, Bolivia
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Alshaheen AS, Al-Naiema IM, Tuama DM, Al-Mosuwi WH. Characterization, risk assessment, and source estimation of PM 10-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons during wintertime in the ambient air of Basrah City, Iraq. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 326:138444. [PMID: 36958500 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the concentration and structure of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) associated with the ambient PM10 in Basrah City, Iraq have been investigated for the first time. From December 2021 to February 2022, PM10 samples were collected on quartz fiber filters, extracted using an optimized extraction protocol, and analyzed for the sixteen US EPA priority PAHs. The results indicated that 4- and 5-ring PAHs represent 52% of the total detected PAHs. The most abundant PAHs over the study period were chrysene (1.2 ± 1.5 ng m-3), fluorene (0.9 ± 1.4 ng m-3), and benzo[b]fluoranthene (0.7 ± 0.9 ng m-3). Source identification suggested that PM10-bound PAHs primarily originated from pyrogenic and petrogenic activities in Basrah City. In addition, the cancer risk associated to PAH exposure was assessed based on benzo[a]pyrene equivalent concentration and was found ranging from 0.07 to 6.32 ng m-3; hence, it exceeded the threshold limit of 1.0 ng m-3 established by the European legislation (EU, 2014). Benzo[a]pyrene was determined to be main contributor to total carcinogenic power of the detected PAHs, accounting for 50.3%, followed by dibenz[a,h]anthracene (22.3%). Similarly, benzo[a]pyrene represented a major contributor to PAH associated mutagenicity, accounting for 43.5% of the total.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S Alshaheen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Basrah, Basrah City, 61004, Iraq
| | - Ibrahim M Al-Naiema
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Basrah, Basrah City, 61004, Iraq.
| | - Dhaferah M Tuama
- Directorate of protect and improve the environment in the southern region of Iraq, Basrah City, 61004, Iraq
| | - Waleed H Al-Mosuwi
- Directorate of protect and improve the environment in the southern region of Iraq, Basrah City, 61004, Iraq
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Luedders J, Poole JA. Influence of Rural Environmental Factors in Asthma. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 2022; 42:817-830. [PMID: 36265978 PMCID: PMC10884762 DOI: 10.1016/j.iac.2022.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this article is to review recent literature on the implications of agricultural factors including pesticides, animal/livestock production facilities, agricultural dust, endotoxin, biomass/crop burning, and nutritional factors with respiratory health. METHODS PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL literature searches for the years 2016 to 2021 were conducted with librarian assistance. RESULTS Several studies suggest increased risk for asthma or wheeze with certain rural exposures, particularly for pesticides, livestock production facilities, agricultural dust, and biomass and crop burning. CONCLUSION A complex network of environmental factors exists, which may have detrimental effects on the respiratory health of rural residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennilee Luedders
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985990 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
| | - Jill A Poole
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985990 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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Nyenhuis S, Cramer E, Grande M, Huntington-Moskos L, Krueger K, Bimbi O, Polivka B, Eldeirawi K. Utilizing Real-time Technology to Assess the Impact of Home Environmental Exposures on Asthma Symptoms: Protocol for an Observational Pilot Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2022; 11:e39887. [PMID: 35916686 PMCID: PMC9382544 DOI: 10.2196/39887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is estimated that over 60% of adults with asthma have uncontrolled symptoms, representing a substantial health and economic impact. The effects of the home environment and exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on adults with asthma remain unknown. In addition, methods currently used to assess the home environment do not capture real-time data on potentially modifiable environmental exposures or their effect on asthma symptoms. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study are to (1) determine the feasibility and usability of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to assess self-report residential environmental exposures and asthma symptoms, home monitoring of objective environmental exposures (total VOCs and PM2.5), and lung function in terms of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1%); (2) assess the frequency and level of residential environmental exposures (eg, disinfectants/cleaners, secondhand smoke) via self-reported data and home monitoring objective measures; (3) assess the level of asthma control as indicated by self-reported asthma symptoms and lung function; and (4) explore associations of self-reported and objective measures of residential environmental exposures with self-reported and objective measures of asthma control. METHODS We will recruit 50 adults with asthma who have completed our online Global COVID-19 Asthma Study, indicated willingness to be contacted for future studies, reported high use of disinfectant/cleaning products, and have asthma that is not well controlled. Participants will receive an indoor air quality monitor and a home spirometer to measure VOCs, PM2.5, and FEV1%, respectively. EMA data will be collected using a personal smartphone and EMA software platform. Participants will be sent scheduled and random EMA notifications to assess asthma symptoms, environmental exposures, lung function, and mitigation strategies. After the 14-day data collection period, participants will respond to survey items related to acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility. RESULTS This study was funded in March 2021. We pilot tested our procedures and began recruitment in April 2022. The anticipated completion of the study is 2023. CONCLUSIONS Findings from this feasibility study will support a powered study to address the impact of home environmental exposures on asthma symptoms and develop tailored, home-based asthma interventions that are responsive to the changing home environment and home routines. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05224076; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05224076. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/39887.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmilee Nyenhuis
- Section of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Emily Cramer
- Biostatistics & Epidemiology Core, Health Services & Outcomes Research, Children's Mercy Research Institute, Kansas City, MO, United States
- School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, IL, United States
| | - Matthew Grande
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | | | - Kathryn Krueger
- School of Nursing, University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Olivia Bimbi
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Barbara Polivka
- School of Nursing, University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Kamal Eldeirawi
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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Van Horne YO, Farzan SF, Razafy M, Johnston JE. Respiratory and allergic health effects in children living near agriculture: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 832:155009. [PMID: 35381238 PMCID: PMC9167771 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to pesticides and agricultural burning are likely to co-occur in agricultural communities, but these exposures have remained distinct bodies of research. We reviewed epidemiological studies to identify the respiratory health effects of children exposed to pesticides and agricultural burning through a systematic evaluation of peer-reviewed publications of children living in industrial agricultural areas. METHODS Two academic search databases (PubMed and Scopus) were queried for all available studies published in English before May 31st, 2021. The initial search combining both exposure metrics (pesticides and agricultural burning) yielded zero publications and thus the queries were performed and presented separately. RESULTS Studies were categorized based on main exposure of interest (i.e., pesticides or agricultural burning) and by respiratory health outcome assessment (i.e., self-reported asthma, acute respiratory symptoms, and lung function measurements). In total we identified 25 studies that focused on pesticide exposures and children's respiratory health, and 12 studies that focused on exposure to agricultural burning and children's respiratory health. A majority of the pesticide studies (18/25) reported a positive association between exposure to pesticides and adverse childhood respiratory health effects. Similarly, most (11/12) of the agricultural burning studies also reported a positive association between exposure to agricultural burning and adverse respiratory health effects. CONCLUSION The most frequently studied health outcomes in these publications were acute respiratory symptoms (n = 11 pesticides, n = 3 agricultural burning), followed by asthma (n = 9 pesticides, n = 3 agricultural burning), and lung function measurements (n = 5 pesticides, n = 6 agricultural burning). Although health outcome assessment differed between pesticide studies and agricultural burning studies, similar adverse respiratory health effects were observed across the majority of studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshira Ornelas Van Horne
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto Street, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA.
| | - Shohreh F Farzan
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto Street, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
| | - Mitiasoa Razafy
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto Street, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
| | - Jill E Johnston
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto Street, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
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Huang J, Yang X, Fan F, Hu Y, Wang X, Zhu S, Ren G, Wang G. Outdoor air pollution and the risk of asthma exacerbations in single lag0 and lag1 exposure patterns: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Asthma 2021; 59:2322-2339. [PMID: 34809505 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2021.2008429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To synthesize evidence regarding the relationship between outdoor air pollution and risk of asthma exacerbations in single lag0 and lag1 exposure patterns.Methods: We performed a systematic literature search using PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials, China National Knowledge Internet, Chinese BioMedical, and Wanfang databases. Articles published until August 1, 2020 and the reference lists of the relevant articles were reviewed. Two authors independently evaluated the eligible articles and performed structured extraction of the relevant information. Pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of lag0 and lag1 exposure patterns were estimated using random-effect models.Results: Eighty-four studies met the eligibility criteria and provided sufficient information for meta-analysis. Outdoor air pollutants were associated with increased risk of asthma exacerbations in both single lag0 and lag1 exposure patterns [lag0: RR (95% CI) (pollutants), 1.057(1.011, 1.103) (air quality index, AQI), 1.007 (1.005, 1.010) (particulate matter of diameter ≤ 2.5 μm, PM2.5), 1.009 (1.005, 1.012) (particulate matter of diameter, PM10), 1.010 (1.006, 1.014) (NO2), 1.030 (1.011, 1.048) (CO), 1.005 (1.002, 1.009) (O3); lag1:1.064(1.022, 1.106) (AQI), 1.005 (1.002, 1.008) (PM2.5), 1.007 (1.004, 1.011) (PM10), 1.008 (1.004, 1.012) (NO2), 1.025 (1.007, 1.042) (CO), 1.010 (1.006, 1.013) (O3)], except SO2 [lag0: RR (95% CI), 1.004 (1.000, 1.007); lag1: RR (95% CI), 1.003 (0.999, 1.006)]. Subgroup analyses revealed stronger effects in children and asthma exacerbations associated with other events (including symptoms, lung function changes, and medication use).Conclusion: Outdoor air pollution increases the asthma exacerbation risk in single lag0 and lag1 exposure patterns.Trial registration: PROSPERO, CRD42020204097. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/.Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/02770903.2021.2008429 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fangfang Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Sainan Zhu
- Department of Biostatistics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guanhua Ren
- Department of Library, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guangfa Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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Misiukiewicz-Stepien P, Paplinska-Goryca M. Biological effect of PM 10 on airway epithelium-focus on obstructive lung diseases. Clin Immunol 2021; 227:108754. [PMID: 33964432 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2021.108754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recently, a continuous increase in environmental pollution has been observed. Despite wide-scale efforts to reduce air pollutant emissions, the problem is still relevant. Exposure to elevated levels of airborne particles increased the incidence of respiratory diseases. PM10 constitute the largest fraction of air pollutants, containing particles with a diameter of less than 10 μm, metals, pollens, mineral dust and remnant material from anthropogenic activity. The natural airway defensive mechanisms against inhaled material, such as mucus layer, ciliary clearance and macrophage phagocytic activity, may be insufficient for proper respiratory function. The epithelium layer can be disrupted by ongoing oxidative stress and inflammatory processes induced by exposure to large amounts of inhaled particles as well as promote the development and exacerbation of obstructive lung diseases. This review draws attention to the current state of knowledge about the physical features of PM10 and its impact on airway epithelial cells, and obstructive pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Misiukiewicz-Stepien
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
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Skaaby S, Flachs EM, Lange P, Schlünssen V, Marott JL, Brauer C, Nordestgaard BG, Sadhra S, Kurmi O, Bonde JPE. Occupational exposures and exacerbations of asthma and COPD-A general population study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243826. [PMID: 33370308 PMCID: PMC7769267 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Recent studies suggest that occupational inhalant exposures trigger exacerbations of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, but findings are conflicting. Methods We included 7,768 individuals with self-reported asthma (n = 3,215) and/or spirometric airflow limitation (forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)/ forced expiratory volume (FVC) <0.70) (n = 5,275) who participated in The Copenhagen City Heart Study or The Copenhagen General Population Study from 2001–2016. Occupational exposure was assigned by linking job codes with job exposure matrices, and exacerbations were defined by register data on oral corticosteroid treatment, emergency care unit assessment or hospital admission. Associations between occupational inhalant exposure each year of follow-up and exacerbation were assessed by Cox regression with time varying exposure and age as the underlying time scale. Results Participants were followed for a median of 4.6 years (interquartile range, IQR 5.4), during which 870 exacerbations occurred. Exacerbations were not associated with any of the selected exposures (high molecular weight sensitizers, low molecular weight sensitizers, irritants or low and high levels of mineral dust, biological dust, gases & fumes or the composite variable vapours, gases, dusts or fumes). Hazards ratios ranged from 0.8 (95% confidence interval: 0.7;1.0) to 1.2 (95% confidence interval: 0.9;1.7). Conclusion Exacerbations of obstructive airway disease were not associated with occupational inhalant exposures assigned by a job exposure matrix. Further studies with alternative exposure assessment are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stinna Skaaby
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | - Esben Meulengracht Flachs
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Lange
- Section of Epidemiology, Institute of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Medicine, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- Copenhagen City Heart Study, Bispebjerg Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Vivi Schlünssen
- Department of Public Health, Environmental, Work and Health, Danish Ramazzini Centre, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
- National Research Center for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jacob Louis Marott
- Copenhagen City Heart Study, Bispebjerg Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Brauer
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Børge G. Nordestgaard
- Copenhagen City Heart Study, Bispebjerg Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Steven Sadhra
- Institute of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Om Kurmi
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
- Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Jens Peter Ellekilde Bonde
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Section of Epidemiology, Institute of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Alkotob SS, Cannedy C, Harter K, Movassagh H, Paudel B, Prunicki M, Sampath V, Schikowski T, Smith E, Zhao Q, Traidl‐Hoffmann C, Nadeau KC. Advances and novel developments in environmental influences on the development of atopic diseases. Allergy 2020; 75:3077-3086. [PMID: 33037680 DOI: 10.1111/all.14624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Although genetic factors play a role in the etiology of atopic disease, the rapid increases in the prevalence of these diseases over the last few decades suggest that environmental, rather than genetic factors are the driving force behind the increasing prevalence. In modern societies, there is increased time spent indoors, use of antibiotics, and consumption of processed foods and decreased contact with farm animals and pets, which limit exposure to environmental allergens, infectious parasitic worms, and microbes. The lack of exposure to these factors is thought to prevent proper education and training of the immune system. Increased industrialization and urbanization have brought about increases in organic and inorganic pollutants. In addition, Caesarian birth, birth order, increased use of soaps and detergents, tobacco smoke exposure and psychosomatic factors are other factors that have been associated with increased rate of allergic diseases. Here, we review current knowledge on the environmental factors that have been shown to affect the development of allergic diseases and the recent developments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifaa Suhayl Alkotob
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA
| | - Cade Cannedy
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA
| | - Katharina Harter
- Chair and Institute of Environmental Medicine UNIKA‐TTechnical University of Munich and Helmholtz Zentrum München Augsburg Germany
| | - Hesam Movassagh
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA
| | - Bibek Paudel
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA
| | - Mary Prunicki
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA
| | - Vanitha Sampath
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA
| | - Tamara Schikowski
- IUF‐Leibniz Institute for Environmental Medicine Duesseldorf Germany
| | - Eric Smith
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA
| | - Qi Zhao
- IUF‐Leibniz Institute for Environmental Medicine Duesseldorf Germany
| | - Claudia Traidl‐Hoffmann
- Chair and Institute of Environmental Medicine UNIKA‐TTechnical University of Munich and Helmholtz Zentrum München Augsburg Germany
- CK‐CARE Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education Davos Switzerland
| | - Kari C. Nadeau
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA
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Rublee CS, Sorensen CJ, Lemery J, Wade TJ, Sams EA, Hilborn ED, Crooks JL. Associations Between Dust Storms and Intensive Care Unit Admissions in the United States, 2000-2015. GEOHEALTH 2020; 4:e2020GH000260. [PMID: 32783014 PMCID: PMC7411550 DOI: 10.1029/2020gh000260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic climate change is influencing the incidence of dust storms and associated human exposure to coarse particulate matter (PM2.5-10) in the United States. Studies have found adverse health consequences related to dust exposure. These consequences include respiratory disease exacerbations and premature mortality, resulting in increased health care utilization. However, the impact of dust storms on critical care demand has not been studied in the United States. We seek to quantify the relationship between dust storms and surges in critical care demand by investigating the association between dust storms and intensive care unit (ICU) admissions at nearby hospitals from 2000 to 2015. ICU data were acquired from Premier, Inc. and encompass 15-20% of all ICU admissions in the United States. Dust storm, meteorology, and air pollutant data were downloaded from the U.S. National Weather Service, the U.S. National Climatic Data Center, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency websites, respectively. Associations between ICU admission and dust storms, controlling for temperature, dew point temperature, ambient PM2.5 and ozone, as well as seasonally varying confounders, were estimated using a distributed lag conditional Poisson model with overdispersion. We found a 4.8% (95% CI: 0.4, 9.4; p = 0.033) increase in total ICU admissions on the day of the dust storm (Lag 0) and a 9.2% (95% CI: 1.8, 17.0; p = 0.013) and 7.5% (95% CI: 0.3, 15.2; p = 0.040) increase in respiratory admissions at Lags 0 and 5. North American dust storms are associated with increases in same day and lagged demand for critical care services at nearby hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. S. Rublee
- Department of Emergency MedicineUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCOUSA
| | - C. J. Sorensen
- Department of Emergency MedicineUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCOUSA
| | - J. Lemery
- Department of Emergency MedicineUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCOUSA
| | - T. J. Wade
- United States Environmental Protection AgencyChapel HillNCUSA
| | - E. A. Sams
- United States Environmental Protection AgencyChapel HillNCUSA
| | - E. D. Hilborn
- United States Environmental Protection AgencyChapel HillNCUSA
| | - J. L. Crooks
- Division of Biostatistics and BioinformaticsNational Jewish HealthDenverCOUSA
- Department of EpidemiologyColorado School of Public HealthAuroraCOUSA
- Now at National Jewish Health Main CampusDenverCOUSA
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Ontawong A, Saokaew S, Jamroendararasame B, Duangjai A. Impact of long-term exposure wildfire smog on respiratory health outcomes. Expert Rev Respir Med 2020; 14:527-531. [PMID: 32156169 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2020.1740089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: Air pollution is a global problem and also linked to respiratory diseases. Wildfire smog is a major cause of air pollution in the upper northern area of Thailand. Thus, in the current study, we examined whether long-term exposure to wildfire smog induces lung function changes in a population from the upper northern area of Thailand.Methods: The lung function of 115 participants with long-term exposure smog was determined using peak flow meter.Results: Long-term smoke exposure participants decreased FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 second)/FVC (forced vital capacity) ratio (56.49 ± 23.88 in males and 56.29 ± 28.23 in females) compared with general Thai population. Moreover, the reduction of FVC, FEV1, and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) values also showed in both male and female subjects. These results suggest that long-term smoke exposure induces obstructive lung abnormality. Moreover, itchy/watery nose, cough, phlegm, and chest pain also reported in these subjects.Conclusion: Wildfire smog could be induced respiratory pathway inflammation and easily collapsible respiratory airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atcharaporn Ontawong
- Division of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand.,Unit of Excellent in Research and Product Development of Coffee and Division of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
| | - Surasak Saokaew
- Center of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety (Cohorts), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand.,Unit of Excellence on Clinical Outcomes Research and IntegratioN (UNICORN), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand.,Unit of Excellence on Herbal Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand.,Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory Research Group, Biomedicine Research Advancement Centre, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.,Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
| | - Busabong Jamroendararasame
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand.,University of Phayao Medical Center and Hospital, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
| | - Acharaporn Duangjai
- Division of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand.,Unit of Excellent in Research and Product Development of Coffee and Division of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
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Menzies-Gow A, McBrien CN, Baker JR, Donnelly LE, Cohen RT. Update in Asthma and Airway Inflammation 2018. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020; 200:14-19. [PMID: 31026407 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201902-0321up] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Menzies-Gow
- 1 Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jonathan R Baker
- 3 National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Louise E Donnelly
- 3 National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Robyn T Cohen
- 4 Department of Pediatrics, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
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Lu P, Zhang Y, Lin J, Xia G, Zhang W, Knibbs LD, Morgan GG, Jalaludin B, Marks G, Abramson M, Li S, Guo Y. Multi-city study on air pollution and hospital outpatient visits for asthma in China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 257:113638. [PMID: 31812526 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The proportion of asthma patients with mild to moderate exacerbations is far greater than the number who experience episodes that are severe enough to require emergency room visits or hospital admission. However the routinely collected data from hospitals is absent in the past. OBJECTIVE To evaluate associations between short-term exposures to air pollutants and hospital outpatient visits for asthma in China. METHODS We obtained data for 143,057 asthma outpatient visits from the largest hospitals in 17 Chinese cities, between Jan 01 2013 and Dec 31 2015. We used daily concentrations of air pollutants measured by the China National Environmental Monitoring Centre. We used a time-stratified case-crossover design, and fitted conditional logistic regression models to determine the associations. RESULTS Particulate matter ≤10μm in diameter (PM10) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were associated with increased risks of hospital outpatient visits for asthma on the same day, while the effects were delayed for particulate matter ≤2.5μm in diameter (PM2.5) and sulphur dioxide (SO2). For the cumulative effect model at lag05 days, 10 μg/m3 increase in air pollutants concentrations were correlated with hospital outpatient visits for asthma with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals 1.004 (1.000-1.008) for PM2.5, 1.005 (1.002-1.008) for PM10, 1.030 (1.021-1.040) for NO2, and 1.015 (1.008-1.021) for SO2. Almost one in nine (10.9%; 7.7, 13.9%) hospital outpatient visits for asthma were attributable to NO2. CONCLUSION Short-term exposures to PM2.5, PM10, NO2 and SO2 were associated with hospital outpatient visits for asthma in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Lu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yongming Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangtao Lin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China.
| | - Guoxin Xia
- School of Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Wenyi Zhang
- Center for Disease Surveillance and Research, Institute for Disease Control and Prevention of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Luke D Knibbs
- School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Geoffrey G Morgan
- School of Public Health, University Centre for Rural Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bin Jalaludin
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Guy Marks
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Abramson
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Yuming Guo
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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